5- dk;kZy; lapkyu (OFFICE MANAGEMENT) fiNys ikB esa geus lapkyu ds ewyHkwr fl)karksa dks tkukA geus izca/kdksa dh Hkwfedk rFkk ;ksX;rkvksa ds ckjs esa Hkh lh[kkA tSlk fd vki tkurs gSa fd izca/kd dk dk;Z dk;kZy; ?kVdksa dk Kku izkIr djuk rFkk dk;kZy; dk dq'kyrkiwoZd lapkyu djuk gSA blfy, bl ikB esa ge dk;kZy; lapkyu ds fo"k; esa v/;;u djsaxsA bl bdkbZ ds vafre ikB esa ge lapkyu esa le; dh egÙkk ij fopkj djsaxsA
5-0- mÌs”;
(OBJECTIVES)
bl ikB ds v/;;u ds ckn& • vki vk/kqfud dk;kZy; dh :ijs[kk rFkk Hkwfedk dk Kku izkIr djsaxsA • dk;kZy; lapkyu ds fofHké rF;ksa tSls ÝUV MsLd (front desk) rFkk ys[ku lkexzh lapkyu] fooj.k lapkyu] dk;kZy; vkVkses'ku (automation) vkfn dks le> ik,¡xsA • lHkkvksa dk izca/k dSls fd;k tk, bldh izkFkfed tkudkjh izkIr dj ik,¡xsA
5-1
ifjp;
(INTRODUCTION)
dk;kZy; ,d dk;Z LFky gS tgk¡ O;olkf;d xfrfof/k;k¡ ftuesa vf/kdrj ukWu&esuqvy (non-manual) rduhd gksrh gS dk lapkyu gksrk gSA ;g xfrfof/k;k¡ DySfjdy (clerical)] iz'kklfud (administrative) ;k izca/kdh; (managerial) gks ldrh gSaA ;g O;olkf;d ;qx gS rFkk dk;Z lapkyu dk ;g ikB vkidks Lopkfyr dk;Z LFky dk izca/k djus] dk Kku nsxkA
5-2
dqN vk/kkjHkwr rÙo rFkk ifjHkk" ifjHkk"kk,¡ (SOME BASIC ELEMENTS AND DEFINITIONS) dk;kZy; dh cqfu;knh ljapuk ds fuEufyf[kr rÙo gksrs gSa • ÝUV vkWfQl (front office) ;k Lokxr d{k ftlesa midj.k tSls bZ-ih-,-ch-,Dl (EPABX) ;k vusd (multiple) Qksu ykbu gksrh gSaA • dk;Z djus ds fy, dk;Z LVs'ku (work station) ;k odZ MsLd (work-desk) • dk;kZy; midj.k tSls dEI;wVj (computer)] QSDl e'khu (fax)] QksVksdkWfi;j (photocopier)] fizaVj (printer)] izkstsDVj (projector) vkfnA • HkaMkj.k {ks= tSls rg[kkuk (cabinet)] vyekjh vkfnA • lHkkxkj ;k lHkk d{k • Mkd dk dejk • tyiku x`g (pantry) • izlk/ku (wash room) 1
dk;kZy; lapkyu esa lkekU; :i ls iz;ksx esa vkus okys 'kCn ;k Hkko (expression) ls ifjfpr gksuk ennxkj gksxkA dk;kZy; esa dk;Z djuk & dk;Z dk vf/kdrj le; vkSj xfrfof/k;k¡ pkjnhokjh ds vUnj gh gksrh gSA lapkyu & lapkyu ,d izfØ;k gS ftlds }kjk izca/kd laxBu dh ;kstukvksa dk lapkyu] funsZ'ku] vkWijs'ku rFkk mRiknu dks lqO;ofLFkr <ax ls ekuo iz;Ruksa }kjk djrk gSA dk;kZy; lapkyu &dk;kZy; O;oLFkkiu] funsaZ'ku] lapkyu dk og dk;ZLFky tgk¡ ij xfrfof/k;k¡ eq[; :i ls ukWu esuqvy (non-manual) gksrh gSA mudks lqO;ofLFkr <ax ls lapkfyr djus dh izfØ;k dks dk;Zky; lapkyu dgrss gSaA
Lo;a tkap Á”u
(SELF ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS)
1- dk;kZy; lapkyu dks ifjHkkf’kr djsaA
5-3- Lokxr d{k rFkk ys[ku lkexzh lapkyu (FRONT DESK AND STATIONERY MANAGEMENT) i) Lokxr d{k (RECEPTION MANNING) Lokxr d{k fdlh Hkh dk;kZy; dh vf/kd le;
rd jgus okyh izFke /kkj.kk gksrh gSA ,d vkn'kZ O;fDr tks vkus okys esgekuksa] nwjHkk"k] dksfj;j rFkk Mkd dh vkus&tkus okyh lkexzh] lqj{kk rFkk lrdZrk esa izf'kf{kr gks] Lokxr d{k ds fy, vkn'kZ O;fDr gSA Lokxr d{k dk fMt+kbu bl izdkj gks ftlesa fjlsI'kfuLV (receptionist) rFkk esgekuksa ds cSBus dk mfpr izca/k gksA Lokxr d{k esa fMCcs rFkk vkyekjh vkfn dk HkaMkj.k ugha djuk pkfg,A ,slk djus ls Lokxr d{k ladjk (cramped) rFkk xank (messy) yxrk gSA ii) EPABX dkS”ky & EPABX ,d nwjHkk"k dsUnz gksrk gS tgk¡ dkWYl (calls) dks fofHké ,DLVsU'ku (extension) ij vkoafVr (distribute) fd;k tk ldrk gSA EPABX izk;% Lokxr d{k deZpkjh }kjk lapkfyr fd;k tkrk gSA blds fy, fuEu izkFkfed ;ksX;rk,¡ okafNr gasSA • izHkkoh okrkZyki ;ksX;rk & Qksu dkWYl (phone calls) dk fouez lapkyu] Li"V mPpkj.k rFkk dk;kZy; deZpkfj;ksa dks fn, x, lans'kksa dks le>uk rFkk mudk Álkj (convey) djukA • deZpkfj;ksa dh tkudkjh j[kuk & blls lgh O;fDr dh igpku rFkk dq'kyrkiwoZd lans'k Álkj (convey) djuk rFkk ;fn okafNr gks rks dkWYl (calls) dks gVkuk laHko gksrk gSA • 'kkldh; lEidZ rFkk Mk;jsDVªh (directory) dk fooj.k cukukA • EPABX ds dk;Z iz.kkyh dh le> j[kukA iii) dk;kZy; dh ys[ku lkexzh rFkk miyC/krk & dk;kZy; ds nSfud iz;ksx ds fy, cgqr
lh oLrq,¡ okafNr gksrh gS ftldh ,d lwph uhps nh tk jgh gSA • fofHké vkdkj ds dkxt+] fizaVj ds fy;s fo”ks"k Ádkj dk tqM+k gqvk dkxt+ vkfnA • ys[ku iSM (writing pad) rFkk uksV iSM (note pad) 2
• iksLV bVl (post – its) rFkk fLVd iSM (stick- pad) • isu] isafly] ekdZj] lQsn cksMZ ekdZj (white board marker), jcj (rubber), djSD'ku dk ?kksy (correction fluids) vkSj iSu (correction pen) • LVsiyj (stapler)] fiu (pin)] isij fDyIl~ (paper clips)] isij iap (paper punch)
• LdkWp Vsi (scotch tape), iSfdax Vsi (packing tape)] xksan (glue) rFkk vU; fpidkus okys inkFkZ • fofHké lkbt+ dh Qkbyl~ (files)] lsijsVj (separators), QksYMj (folders) • fyQkQs (envelopes), ¶ykSih (floppy) rFkk CD laj{k.k fMCcs (CD storage box) • fÁaVj dh dkfZVªZt+ (printer cartridge) • dsydqysVj (calculator) izR;sd deZpkjh dks O;fDrxr :Ik ls ys[ku lkexzh dh vko';drk gksrh gSA dk;kZy; esa iz;ksx gksus okyh yss[ku lkexzh dh ,d foLr`r lwph gksuh pkfg,A lwph esa leku ds lekIr gksus ls igys vkSj leku [kjhnus ds vkns'k ns nsus pkfg,A HkaMkj.k fu;a=.k (storage control) rFkk ys[ku lkexzh dk vkoaVu&;|fi vf/kdrj ys[ku lkexzh dh phtsa de ewY; dh gksrh gS ijUrq mudk viO;; vf/kd gksrk gS ftlls [kpZ c<rs + gSa rFkk bldk ifj.kke vR;f/kd O;; gksrk gSA ys[ku lkexzh dh [kjhn rFkk nsus (issue) ij fu;a=.k cgqr t+:jh gSA blds fooj.k dk fglkc Hkh j[kuk pkfg,A
5-4- dk;kZy; okrkZyki lapkyu (OFFICE COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT) bl oxZ ds vUrxZr Mkd lapkyu] vkarfjd] ckgj tkus okyh Mkd@dksfj;j lsok vkrs gSa ftudh tkudkjh la{ksi esa vkxs nh tk jgh gSA
5-4-1 cká cká Mkd
(EXTERNAL MAIL)
ckgj ls vkus okyh Mkd] iSdsV~l@iklZy] Mkd foHkkx }kjk dksfj;j ;k ckbZ gSaM (by hand) Mkd lHkh ,d fu;r LFkku ij izkIr djus pkfg,A lHkh vkus okyh Mkd] Mkd foHkkx ;k dksfj;j }kjk yk, x, iklZy@iSdsVl~ dh jlhn nsuh vko';d gksrh gSA lHkh iSdsVl~ (packets) dks ,d Mkd :e esa ,df=r djuk pkfg, rFkk mldk fooj.k Mkd jftLVj esa fy[kuk pkfg,A bl izdkj ds jftLVj dk QkWesZV (format) uhps fn;k x;k gSA
Øe la0 izkIr djus dh frfFk
uke rFkk irk Hkstus okys dk uke
ikus okys dh ikofr rFkk frfFk
Mkd dks jftLVj esa iathdj.k (entry) djus ds ckn bldks ikus okyksa esa ck¡V fn;k tkrk gS rFkk muls ikofr (acknowledgement) dh izkfIr dh tkrh gSA 3
5-4-2 vkarfjd Mkd (INTERNAL MAIL) dk;kZy; dh vkUrfjd O;fDrxr Mkd dks esy :e esa vkarfjd ukekafdr fitugksy (pigeonhole) esa j[kk tkrk gS rFkk bldks ikus okyksa esa ck¡V fn;k tkrk gSA
5-4-3 ckgj tkus okyh Mkd@dksfj;j (OUTGOING MAIL / COURIER) ckgj tkus okyh Mkd dks esy :e esa bdV~Bk fd;k tkrk gSA esy :e esa fitugksy fuEu izdkj ls vafdr gksus pkfg, & • • • •
ckgj ds dksfj;j (Outstation courier) LFkkuh; dksfj;j (Local courier) fons'k tkus okys dksfj;j (Overseas courier) Mkd (Post)
ckgj tkus okyh lHkh Mkd ,d Mkd jftLVj esa ftl ij esy vkmV (mail out) vafdr gks ntZ fd;k tkuk pkfg,A bl jftLVj dk QkWesZV (format) fuEu gksuk pkfg,& Øe la0
Ikkus okys dk uke
Hksts tkus dh frfFk
Hkstus okys dk uke
Okk;qlsok fcy ua0
Hkstus okyh ,stsalh
ih- vks- MhPOD
;g vko';d gS fd lHkh fooj.k /;kuiwoZd ntZ fd;k tk,A lHkh iSdsV~l ;k iklZy ftudk ÁwQ vkWQ fMyhojh (POD) okafNr gS Li"V :i ls vafdr gksuk pkfg,A tSls gh izkIrdŸkkZ dks jlhn fey tk, mls jftLVj esa ntZ djuk pkfg,A dksfj;j }kjk ckgj tkus okyh lHkh Mkd ds ,;jfcy (airbill) ,d ckWDl esa frfFk vuqlkj Qkby fd, tkus pkfg,A iathd`r Mkd dk fooj.k Hkh blh izdkj jftLVj esa ntZ djuk pkfg,A fooj.k j[kus ls ckgj Hksth tkus okyh Mkd dh vklkuh ls [kkst dh tk ldrh gSA izkIrdÙkkZ }kjk iSdsVl~@Mkd izkIr u gksus ij ,;jos fcy u0- (airway bill no.) ds lanHkZ ls [kkstk tk ldrk gSA
5-4-4- bZ&esy
(E-mail)
vk/kqfud Lopkfyr dk;kZy; okrkoj.k esa vf/kdrj lapkj (communication) bysDVªkWfud esy }kjk gksrk gS ftls bZ&esy ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA bZ&esy vkids dEI;wVj ij bZ&esy lkW¶Vos;j ds mi;ksx ls baVjusV dh lqfo/kk }kjk IkzkIr fd;k tkrk gSA bZ&esy dk iz;ksx vkUrfjd lgdfeZ;ksa rFkk ckgj xzkgdksa] ijke'kZnrkvksa (consultants)] osUMj~t+ (vendors) rFkk vU; igpku ds O;kikfjd laLFkkuksa ls okrkZyki ds fy, gksrk gSA bZ&esy lwpuk vknku iznku djus dk izHkkodkjh] lLrk rFkk rhozxkeh lk/ku gssS rFkk mRiknu c<+kus ds fy, O;kikfjd okrkZyki dh lqfo/kk iznku djrk gSA
4
bZ&esy fo'ks"k :Ik ls bu ckWDl (inbox) esa ÁkIr gksrh gSA blds mijkar esy dks Li"V :Ik ls vafdr QksYMlZ esa Mky fn;k tkrk gSA QksYMlZ dks fo"k; vuqlkj cuk;k tkrk gSA tSls& ;k=k] ?kks"k.kk] ,dkmUV~l rFkk ijke'kZnkrk vkfnA ,slk djus ls gesa esy dks iqu% <w¡<us esa vklkuh jgrh gSA vuko';d esy dks esy ckWDl ls gVk fn;k tkuk pkfg, rkfd esy ckWDl vLr O;Lr u gksA bZ&esy dk Á;ksx cgqr lko/kkuhiwoZd fd;k tkuk pkfg, D;ksafd blds fy, dkuwu cgqr l[r gSA bZ&esy dk Á;ksx fuEu :Ik esa ugha djuk pkfg,A • Cknuke djus okys] HksnHkkoiw.kZ ;k v'yhy lkexzh Hkstus ds fy,A • fdlh Hkh ckSf)d lEifr dk vfrØe.k djus ds fy,A • fdlh Hkh Ádkj ds nwj lapkj ykblsal ds fu;eksa ;k MkVk Hkstus ds fdlh fu;e dk mYya?ku djuk mnkgj.kkFkZ MkVk dysD'ku] xksiuh;rk] lqj{kk] ,dkarrk rFkk j{kd ÁfØ;k ds fy, Á;qDr gksus okys dkuwuksa dk mYya?kuA • fdlh dEiuh ;k O;fDrxr dEI;wVj usVodZ lqj{kk esa lsa?k yxkus dh dksf'k'k djuk tSls nwljs flLVe (system) ;k O;fDrxr dEI;wVj ij bZ&esy ;k ok;l esy] ,dkmUVl ;k midj.k esa vukf/kd`r lsa/k yxkukA • fdlh nwljs dkuwu dk mYya?ku djus dk Á;Ru djukA
5-5
fooj.k lapkyu
(RECORD MANAGEMENTS)
ÁR;sd dk;kZy; esa fofHké Ádkj ds fjdkWMZ] Qkby] nLrkost dk Áca/k djuk vko';d gSA dqN fjdkWMZ] Qkby fo'ks"kr% ljdkj }kjk visf{kr gksrs gSa tSls & O;kikj vkjEHk djus] ÁksfoMsaV QaM (provident fund) rFkk fofHké oSKkfud dkuwu ds vUrxZr iathdj.k ds fjdkWMZA ys[kk&tks[kk fjdkWMZ tSls ÁR;sd dk;kZy; ,dkmUV~l dh fdrkcsa] yStj (ledger)] [kpZ ds okmpj (voucher) vkfn Hkh 10 o"kZ rd lqjf{kr j[kuk vko';d gSA fjdkWMZ Áca/ku ds fy, fo'ks"k ÁfØ;k viukuh pkfg, ftlls mudks lqfo/kkiwoZd rFkk 'kh?kzrk ls [kkstk tk ldsA dqN vko';d fjdkWMZ tks ÁR;sd dk;kZy; esa gksuk pkfg;s • O;kikj pykus dk ykblsal ;k O;kikj vkjEHk djus dk Áek.k i=A • lEifRr ds dkxtkr & lEifRr fdjk;s ij ysus ds fy;s yht+ ds dkxt+ (lease document) dh Áfrfyfi ;k ;fn lEifRr viuh gS rks LokfeRo ds isijA • ;fn dk;kZy; esa 20 ls vf/kd deZpkjh gksa rks nqdku O;oLFkk vf/kfu;e Shops Establishment Act ds v/khu iathdj.k Áek.ki= dk Án'kZu djukA • fofHké VSDl fu;eksa ds v/khu iathdj.k tSls ;fn fcØh dh xfrfof/k;k¡ gksrh gS rks fcØh dj dk fjdkMZ rFkk ,fDll VSDl (excise tax) ;fn lkeku cukus dh xfrfof/k;k¡ gksrh gSaA • yscj dkuwu (labour laws) ds v/khu iathdj.k] ;fn 7&20 O;fDr dk;Z djrs gSaA • ys[kk tks[kk dh fdrkcsa tSls dS'k cqd (cash-book) psd cqd+ (cheque book), fcy cqd (bill book) vkfn A • [kjhn ds fjdkWMZ rFkk lkexzh iqfLrdk ftleas lkeku ;k midj.k dk;kZy; ls vkus tkus dk fooj.k gksA • deZpkfj;ksa dh O;fDrxr QkbyA • 5
5-5-1 Qkby lapkyu fof/k
(FILE MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUE)
Qkbyksa dk dq'kyrkiwoZd Áca/ku mudks Qkbfyax dsfcusV ;k Qkbfyax lapkyu fof/k esa fo"k;@foHkkx] frfFk rFkk oxZØe ls yxk, tkus ls ÁkIr gksrk gSA Qkbyksa dks ljyrk ls [kkstus ds fy;s dsfcusVl ij QkbYl dk yscy yxk gksuk pkfg,A lHkh MhM~l (deeds) rFkk ewy vuqca/k dks vfXujks/kd dsfcusV (fire proof cabinets) esa j[kuk pkfg,A fQfyax gkMZos;j ,oa bySDVªkWfud MkVk laj{k.k (Filing Hardware & Electronic Data Storage) gkMZos;j midj.k tSls ¶yksih] lhMh] dkVZjst] ,DlVuZy Mªkbo vkfn MkVk laxzg djus ds fy, Á;ksx esa ykbZ tkrh gSA ;g vko';d gS fd budk laxzg MLV Ýh dwy (dust free cool) dSfcusV esa djuk pkfg,A /kwi] /kwy rFkk mPp rkieku budks u’V dj ldrk gS rFkk tkudkjh u’V gks ldrh gSA vr% bl Ádkj ds gkMZos;j dks /;kuiwoZd lgh <+ax ls foHkkx] frfFk rFkk fo"k; dh yscfyax djds oxZØe (alphabetical) ds vuqlkj laxzghr djuk pkfg,A vko';drk ds le; ljyrk ls [kkstus ds fy, bldk ,d lwphi= (catalogue) rS;kj djus dh vko';drk gSA
5-6
Lolapkfyr dk;kZy; lapkyu (OFFICE AUTOMATION MANAGEMENT)
dk;kZy; esa Á;ksx vkus okyh eq[; e'khusa rFkk midj.k bZ- ih- ,- ch- ,Dl (EPABX), nwjHkk"k] QSDl e'khu] QksVksdkWih;j] dEI;wVj] LdSuj] ,y-lh-Mh ÁkstsDVj] fÁUVj gSaA ;g ewy midj.k dk;kZy; dh fofHké vko';drkvksa dks iwjk djrs gSaA
5-6-1 bZ-ihih-,-chch-,Dl
(EPABX)- ;g ,d e'khu gS ftlesa nwjHkk"k dh cgqr lh ykbusa tksM+h
tk ldrh gSaA ;gk¡ ls Qksu dkWYl dks deZpkfj;ksa ds O;fDrxr ,DlVsa'ku ij Hkstk tk ldrk gSA
5-6-2 QSDl e'khu
;g e'khu nLrkost dks i<+dj fo"k; (content) dks eseksjh (memory) esa laxzg djds okafNr Qksu ij tgk¡ blh Ádkj dh QSDl e'khu yxh gks Hkst ldrh gSA ;g vU; nwjHkk"k ls vkus okys QSDl nLrkost dks ÁkIr Hkh dj ldrh gSA ;g e'khu gkMZ dkWiht (hard copies) dh lwpuk dk okLrfod fp= rhozxfr ls Hkst rFkk ÁkIr dj ldrh gSA
5-6-3 QksVksdkWih
(FAX
MACHINE)-
;g e'khu nLrkostksa dh okLrfod Áfrfyfi rS;kj dj ldrh gSA ;g Áfrfyfi rS;kj dj ldrh gSA ;g Áfrfyfi ds vkdkj dks ?kVk ;k c<+k ldrh gSA jaxhu QksVksdkWfi;j Hkh miyC/k gSA
5-6-4 dEI;wVj
(PHOTO
COPY)-
(COMPUTER)- NksVs dk;kZy;ksa esa dEI;wVj Ák;% lwpuk laxzg rFkk lapkyu]
oMZ Ákslsflax ;k usVodZ ds fy;s rFkk bUVjusV ds fy, Á;ksx esa yk, tkrs gSaA cM+s rFkk Vscy ij j[kus okys dEI;wVj dks MSLdVkWi (desktop) rFkk NksVs iksjVscy dEI;wVj dks ysiVkWi (laptop) dgrs gSaA MsLdVkWi rFkk ySiVkWi dh dk;Z {kerk leku gksrh gSA
5-6-5 LdSuj
(SCANNER)- ;g e'khu nLrkostksa dks LdSu dj ldrh gS rFkk mlds fp= dks
laxzg dj ldrh gSA ;g fp= bZ&esy }kjk Hksts tk ldrs gS ;k lkW¶V dkWih }kjk O;fDr;ksa esa vknku Ánku fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl Ádkj ds lkW¶V fp= bysDVªkWfud ek/;e ls gkMZos;j ij laxzghr fd, tk ldrs gSaA
6
5-6-6 ÁkstsDVj
(PROJECTOR)- vk/kqfud Lopkfyr dk;kZy;ksa esa vf/kdrj ,y-lh-Mh-
ÁkstsDVj Á;ksx esa yk, tkrs gSaA ÁkstsDVj dks dEI;wVj ls tksM+k tk ldrk gS rFkk tgk¡ vf/kd n'kZd gks ogk¡ lqfo/kkiwoZd fn[kk;k tk ldrk gSA
5-6-7 fizUVj
(PRINTER)- fÁUVj vke rkSj ls dEI;wVj ls tqM+k gksrk gS ftlls nLrkostksa ;k
nwljh Qkbyksa dh Áfrfyfi isij ij fÁaV dh tk ldrh gSA fÁaVj fofHké Ádkj ds gksrs gSa tSls bad tsV fÁaVj] ystj fÁaVj] bEisDV fÁaVj vkfnA
5-6-8 ;a=ksa dh ejEer rFkk ns[kHkky
(REPAIR
AND
MAINTAINANCE)- Lopkfyr
dk;kZy;ksa esa eq[; :i ls bySDVªkWfud midj.k mi;ksx esa vkrs gSa rFkk lHkh cgqewY; midj.kksa dks mlds cukus okyh dEiuh ;k vf/kd`r foØsrk }kjk okf"kZd j[k&j[kko dkWUVªSDV ((AMC) annual maintanance contract) ij j[kuk pkfg,A bl dkWUVªSDV ds rgr midj.kksa dh ejEer rFkk j[k&j[kko ¼vuqj{k.k½ dEiuh ds Áf'kf{kr O;fDr;ksa }kjk dh tkrh gS ftlls midj.kksa dh vk;q c<+ tkrh gSA ;fn midj.kksa dk ¼,-,e-lh½ dkWUVªSDV gks rks fdlh nwljs O;fDr ;k ,tsalh ls mldh ejEer ugha djokuh pkfg,A ,slk djus ls dkWUVªSDV dh oS/krk lekIr gks ldrh gSA
Lo;a tkap Á”u
(SELF ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS)
2- vk/kqfud dk;kZy; esa Á;ksx gksus okyh fdUgha 5 e'khuksa dk o.kZu djsaA
5-7
izkFkfed iz”kklu
(BASIC ADMINISTRATION)
5-7-1 lHkkvksa dk izcac/a k djuk • • • • • • •
•
(ORGANIZING MEETING)
lHkk vFkok ehfVax dh O;oLFkk djus ds fy, fuEu ckrksa dk tkuuk vko';d gS& ehfVax dk dk;Z fooj.kA ehfVax dh vof/k] ehfVax ÁkjaHk rFkk lekfIr dk le;A ehfVax esa mifLFkr gksus okyksa dh la[;k rFkk muds inksa dh tkudkjhA ehfVax esa Hkkx ysus okyksa dh ukfer IysV~l rFkk ilanhnk cSBus dh O;oLFkk djukA okafNr gkMZ os;j dh lwph rS;kj djuk tSls dEI;wVj] fÁaVj] ÁkstsDVj rFkk Hkk"k.k nsus ds midj.kksa dh O;oLFkk djukA ys[ku lkexzh dh lwph tSls jkbfVax iSM] isu] lQsn cksMZ] Qfyi pkVZ] ekdZj vkfn dh O;oLFkk djukA tyiku ds fy, vko”;d lwph rS;kj djuk tSls ikuh] LuSDl (snacks)] [kkuk rFkk is; inkFkZ (beverages)A ehfVax dk fooj.k rS;kj djus dh O;oLFkk djukA
lapkyd dks lwph ds vuqlkj rS;kjh djuh pkfg,A ehfVax ls dqN ?kaVs igys ;g lqfuf'pr djuk pkfg, fd mi;ksx esa vkus okys lHkh midj.k dke dj jgs gSaA lHkh leku rFkk okrkoj.k dks vafre le; ij iqu% tk¡p ysuk pkfg,A ehfVax ds dk;Z fooj.k dh ,d&,d Áfr ÁR;sd ÁfrHkkxh dks nsuh pkfg,A ;k=k lapkyu (TRAVEL MANAGMENT)&& dk;kZy; dk;Z ds fy;s dh tkus okyh ;k=kvksa dh ;kstuk igys gh cuk ysuh pkfg, rFkk fooj.k rS;kj djuk pkfg,A ;k=k ds vfxze fVdV (advance ticket) [kjhn ysus pkfg,A ;k=k ds fy, ;fn vfxze /ku fn;k tkrk gS rks mldk ,dkmUV vyx iqfLrdk esa j[kuk pkfg, rFkk le;&le; ij viMsV (update) djrs jguk 7
pkfg;sA ;k=k ds fy, vkokl dh lqfo/kk Hkh vko';d gS rFkk gksVy dh cqfdax Hkh djok ysuh pkfg,A ;g Hkh tkuuk vko';d gS fd vf/kdrj gksVy jkf= esa cnyrs gSa rFkk psd vkmV (check out) djus dk le; e/;ku 12-00 (12 A.M) gksrk gSA nsj ls psd vkmV ls vf/kd O;; gks ldrk gSA dk;kZy; vuqj{k.k rFkk x`g O;oLFkk (OFFICE MAINTAINANCE AND HOUSEKEEPING) & dk;kZy; dk j[k&j[kko deZpkfj;ksa ds fy, vko';d LoLF;nk;d okrkoj.k rS;kj djrk gSA ÁkFkfed dk;kZy; j[k&j[kko esa fuEu ckrksa dk /;ku j[kuk vko”;d gSA • • • • • •
;g lqfuf'pr djuk fd i;kZIr jks'kuh dk vPNk Áca/k gksA 'kq) ty dh vkiwfrZ gksA LokLF;Án ,oa LoPN okrkoj.k gksA ia[ks vFkok okrkuqdwyu (air-conditioned) }kjk ok;q dk lapkyu gksA dwM+s dk fu;fer fudkl gksA fjdkWMZ j[kus dh /kwy jfgr O;oLFkk gks
bysDVªkWfud midj.kksa dh fu;fer :i ls lQkbZ djukA Q”kZ rFkk midj.kksa dh fu;fer lQkbZ djuk vko';d gSA xeZ rFkk vkæZ 'kgjksa esa fu;fer dhVuk'kd dk Á;ksx djukA dk;kZy; dk dwM+k fuEu Hkkxksa esa ck¡Vuk pkfg;s& • • • •
dkxt rFkk dkxt+ ij vk/kkfjr dwM+kA IykfLVd ;k thok.kqvksa }kjk u’V u gksus okyk dwM+kA bySDVªkWfud dwM+k tSls iqjkuh ¶ykWih] lh-Mh-] dkfVZt vkfnA [kku iku ls lacaf/kr dwM+kA
dwM+k vyx djus ds ckn fo'ks"k lQkbZ ,tsalh }kjk dwM+s dks gSaMy (handle) fd;k tkuk pkfg,A jlks jlksbZ lsok (PANTRY SERVICES) & ;g lsok ewyHkwr vko”;drkvksa ls lacaf/kr gS tSls deZpkfj;ksa rFkk feyus okyksa ds fy, ihus dk ikuh rFkk is; inkFkZ dk Áca/k djukA pk; rFkk dkWQh cukus dh e'khu cgqr lLrh jgrh gS ;k fdlh utnhd jsLVksjsUV (restaurant) ls jlksbZ lsok dk Áca/k fd;k tk ldrk gS tks fuf”fpr le; ij dk;kZy; esa lIykbZ (supply) dj ldrk gSA lqj{kk rFkk vkikr~dkyhu lsok (SAFETY AND EMERGENCY SERVICES) & ÁR;sd dk;kZy; esa fuEu lqj{kk lsok,¡ vfuok;Z gSA • vkx lqj{kk& fofHké vkx cq>kus ds ;a= tks bysfDVªdy] (electrical), ;k dkxt+ dh vkx cq>k ldsA vkx cq>kus ds ikbi] tks ikuh ds lzksr ls tksM+us ds dke vkrs gSaA vkx o /kq,¡ dh psrkouh nsus okys ;a= tks (alarm) vkx yxus dh fLFkfr esa ctus yxsA • vkikrdkyhu fudkl & dk;kZy; esa de ls de ,d ;k ,d ls vf/kd fudkl (exit) ds jkLrs lkQ lkQ vafdr gksus pkfg,A fudkl ds jkLrs ,d nwljs ls nwj gksus pkfg, rkfd vkikrdkyhu fLFkfr esa de ls de ,d }kj fudkl ds fy;s [kqyk jgsA • ÁkFkfed fpfdRlk fMCck & bl ckWDl esa ekewyh pksV tSls dV vkfn ds fy, nokb;k¡ gksrh gSA ckWDl esa jksxk.kq jks/kd] ifê;k¡] :bZ] tys ij yxkus okyh Øhe] nnZ fuokjd LÁs rFkk NksVh dSaph gksuh pkfg,A 8
• nokb;ksa dk fMCck & bl ckWDl esa gYdh chekjh esa dke vkus okyh ukWu ÁhlfØI'ku nokb;k¡ tSls ykstst] vksjy&Mh&gkbMªsTku ?kksy] Xywdkst+ (glucose) ikmMj gksuk pkfg;sA
• vkikrdkyhu vkikrdkyhu dkWy uEcj &vLirky] MkWDVj
(doctor)] ,Ecqysal (ambulance)] iqfyl (police)] vfXu'keu (fire services) vkfn ds Qksu uEcj Lokxr d{k rFkk deZpkfj;ksa
dh dk;Z'kkyk esa Ánf'kZr gksus pkfg,A
5-8
nÙk dk;Z
5-8-1 d{kk dk;Z
(ASSIGNMENTS) (CLASS ASSIGNMENTS)
i) vkt ds dk;kZy; ds pqukSrhiwoZ okrkoj.k esa lQy gksus ds okafNr xq.kksa ij vk/kkfjr ,d
lkewfgd okn&fookn dk vk;kstu djsaA
5-8-2 x`g dk;Z
(HOME ASSIGNMENTS)
i) dk;kZy; esa laÁs’k.k Áca/ku ds fofHké rŸoksa dk o.kZu dhft,A ii) dk;kZy; esa lqj{kk o vkikrdkyhu lsokvksa ij vius 'kCnksa esa ,d laf{kIr fVIi.kh
fyf[k,A
5-9
lkjka”k
(SUMMING UP)
bl ikB esa dk;kZy; Áca/k esa lEefyr fofHké rŸoksa dk v/;;u fd;k x;kA Lokxr d{k] ys[ku lkexzh] dk;kZy; okrkZyki] fjdkWMZl] Lopkfyr dk;kZy; ds fy, midj.k rFkk Á'kklu vkfn dh tkudkjh geus bl ikB esa ÁkIr dhA
5-10 Lo;a aHkkfor mŸkj Lo;a tkap ç”uksa ds la lHkkfor (POSSIBLE ANSWERS TO SELF ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS) 1. dk;kZy; lapkyu lqO;ofLFkr <ax ls dk;kZy; dks cukus] pykus] j[k&j[kko djus dh
,d ÁfØ;k gS tgk¡ ij eq[; xfrfof/k;k¡ ukWu&eSuqvy gksrh gSaA 2. vk/kqfud dk;kZy; esa mi;ksx gksus okyh 5 e'khus gSa i)
nwjHkk"k
ii)
5-11 vH;klkFkZ Á” Á”u
QSDl
iii)
QksVksdkWfi;j
iv)
dEI;wVj
v)
fÁaVj
(TERMINAL QUESTIONS)
1. dk;kZy; dh cqfu;knh lajpuk ds fofHké Hkkx D;k&D;k gSa\ 2. fooj.k Áca/ku ds fy, D;k t+:jh gS\ 3. dk;kZy; esa D;k xfrfof/k;k¡ gksrh gS\ 4. fdlh ,d dk;kZy; dk dqN fooj.k nsa] tks vkius ns[kk gSA
9
5-12 lanHkZ ,oa v/;;u ;ksX; iqLrdsa 1. Chopra, R.K. (1998) Office Management Himalaya Publishing House, Delhi. 2. Ghosh, P.K, (1998). Office Management Principles and practice. Sultan Chand & sons, New Delhi
5-13 'kCnkoyh
(GLOSSARY)
1. EPABX
Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange, ;g ,d midj.k gksrk gS
ftlesa dk;kZy; esa tks Qksu vkrs gSa mUgsa t+:jr vuqlkj dgha Hkh Hkstk tk ldrk gSA 2. Hkko (Expression)
O;Dr djus dh ,d fof/kA
3. ukWu esuqvy (Non manual)
tgk¡ O;fDr dk dk;Z u gksA
4. fitu gksy (Pigeon hole)
,d ,slh vyekjh ftlesa vusd NksVs NksVs 'ksYQ (shelf) ;k [kkus gks ftuesa Mkd oxhZ—r djds j[kh tk ldsA
5. vfXujks/kd (Fire proof)
tks vfXu ls u’V u gksA
10