104-L-15-h by mayank govil

15 jaxksa dh lajpuk (CREATING COLOURS) bl ikB esa fofHkUu jax la;kstukvksa dk v/;;u dEI;wVj }kjk djsaxs vkSj dEI;wVj flLVe }kjk funsZf”kr fofHkUu dyj ekWMy ds fo"k; esa tkusaxsA blds Ik'pkr osDVj xzkfQDl rFkk fcVeSi best dh /kkj.kk ij fopkj foe'kZ djsaxsA dksjy xzkfQDl ds vf/kd mUur y{k.kksa (Advance Features) tSls iSVuZ fQy] dyj eSustesaV rFkk fçafVax çksQkbYt+ (Profiles) dk v/;;u fd;k tk;sxkA

1515-0 mÌs”; & bl ikB dks iwjk djus ds ckn vki & • dEI;wVj ds }kjk VSDLk~pj~ eSustesaV rFkk jaxksa ls ifjfpr gksaxsA • vki dksjy MªkW xzkfQDl }kjk cuk;s x;s fdlh Hkh vkCtsDV esa fofHkUu izdkj ds VSDLk~pj~ rFkk iSVuZ cukus ds ;ksX; gks tk;saxsA • dEI;wVj }kjk fofHkUu çdkj ds fMtk+bu cukus esa vki dq'ky gks tk;saxsA

1515-1 ifjp;& izk;% fMtkbu esa jax dh 'kfDr dk egRo vf/kd ugha ekuk tkrk gSA vka[kksa ds fy, jaxksa dk ogh dk;Z gksrk gS tks Hkkstu esa elkys dk gksrk gSA ;fn Hkkstu esa elkys de gksaxs rks og v:fpdj yxssxk rFkk ;fn vf/kd elkysnkj Hkkstu gksxk rks og cgqr gh rh[kk gksxkA mlh çdkj vPNk u yxus okyk jax la;kstu (Colour combination) okafNr izHkko dks u"V dj ldrk gS ijUrq /;kuiwoZd pqus x;s ç;qDr jaxksa ds iz;ksx ls cgqr vPNk ifj.kke vk ldrk gSA vkids fMtk+bu esa ç;qDr jax /;ku vkdf"kZr djus esa] euksn'kk dks lsV djus esa vkSj HkkoukRed izfrfdz;k dks çHkkfor djus esa lgk;d gksrs gSa blfy, ;g tkuuk vfr vko';d gS fd jaxksa dk ç;ksx dc vkSj dSls fd;k tk;s\

1515-2 dyj euksHkko (COLOUR EMOTIONS) ^xeZ jax*¼tkequh] yky] czkmu] larjh) rFkk ^^BaMs jax* ¼uhyk] ihyk] vkSj gjk½ gksrs gSa] xeZ jax euksn'kk dks rhoz dj ldrs gSa tcfd BaMs jax 'kkar djus okys rFkk vk'oLr djus okys gksrs gSaA mnkgj.k ds fy, yky jax mYYkkl dks] uhyk jax Hk;@'kadk feVkus okyk rFkk gjk jax LokLF;] mUufr ;k uohuhdj.k dks O;Dr djrk gSA jaxksa dk ijEijkc) ¼stereotyped) :Ik

Hkh gS tSls ihyk jax] psrkouh rFkk fdlh ds izfr vkd"kZ.k ;k Mj dk lwpd gSA cSaxuh jax HkO;rk dk ladsr gSA yky ,oa dkyk jax vkfFkZd ykHk ;k gkfu dks n'kkZrk gSA bu lc ckrksa dk /;ku j[kuk egRoiw.kZ gS fQj Hkh vkidh ilan dqN dkj.kksa ls lhfer gks tkrh gS 1- fizaV djus dh lhekc)rk 2- xzkgd dh ilan 3- dkjiksjsV yksxks (logo) ds jax rFkk vU; fo"k;A blfy, dHkh dHkh jaxksa dk lgh dkWEchus'ku (combination) pquuk dfBu gks tkrk gSA

1515-3 jax la;kstuk,¡ (colour Harmony) • dqN fuf'pr jax tSls ihyk] yky] gjk] tkeuh] vkfn dks ^^ØkseSfVd jax** dgk tkrk gSA • izkd`frd jax tSls dkyk] lQsn] Hkwjk] gYdk Hkwjk] flYoj] xksYM] esVSfyd jaxksa dks ^^,ØkseSfVd jax** dgk tkrk gS] vFkkZr bu jaxksa esa ewy jax ugha gksrsA tc jaxksa dk pquko rFkk O;oLFkk (Arrangement) eueksgd ,oa vkd’kZd izrhr gksa mls ge jax la;kstu (colour harmony) ds uke ls tkurs gSaA dyj Oghy ij tks rhu jax vkl ikl gksa budh gkjeuh vPNh gksrh gSA ikap ls vf/kd jaxksa dk iz;ksx ls gkjeuh ugha djuh pkfg,A ,d nwljs ds lkeus okys jax rhoz fojks/k mRiUu (contrast) djrs gSaA

ekU; dyj gkjeu gkjeuht fuEu gSa% eksuksØkseSfVd

dkWEIyheSaVªh

,ØkseSfVd

Vªk;fMd

,ukyksfxl

Ikksyh ØkseSfVd

,ukyksfx;l dkWEyheSaVªh

,MtslsaV dkWEyheSaVªh

gkbZ dh

Mcy dkWEIyheSaVªh

fLIyV dkWEIyheSaVªh

feMy dh] yks dh

1515-3-1 ,d jaxh; jax la;kstuk,¡ (Monochromatic) dHkh&dHkh ,d jax ds 'ksM~t (Shades) rFkk fVaV~l (Tints) dk iz;ksx ,ØkseSfVd VksUl tSls dkyk] lQsn] flYoj] xksYM] xzs vkfn ds lkFk feykdj fd;k tkrk gSA ¼fp= 15-1 A)A bl gkjeuh dh gkfu ;g gS fd ;g mnklhu (Monotonous) çHkko nsrh gSA ;g

,lsljht+ (accessories) esa foijhr jax ¼contrast) dks feyk dj nwj fd;k tk ldrk gSA blds fy, foijhr jax dh FkksM+h lh ek=k gh Ik;kZIr gksrh gSA

1515-3-2 fojks/kh jax la;kstuk,a (Complementary) 2

dyj Oghy ij ,d nwljs ds foijhr jaxksa dks dkWEiyhesaVªh jax dgrs gSaA fQfuf'kax djus ds fy, dkWEiyhesaVªh jax izHkko'kkyh ekus tkrs gSa ijUrq ;g mUgha dejs esa izHkkoh gksrs gSa tgk¡ jax ean gksA rFkk budk izHkko leku :Ik ls eueksgd gksrk gSA ¼fp= 15-1 B)

1515-3-3 f=Hkqtkdkj jax la;kstuk,a (Triad) dyj Oghy ij rhu jax ,sls gSa rks leku nwjh ij fLFkr gSA vFkkZr izkbejh] lsdsaMªh rFkk Vjf'k;jh ¼fp= 15-1 C)

fp= 1515-1 A

fp= 1515-1 B

fp= 1515-1 C

1515-3-4 lkn`”; iwjd jax la;kstuk,¡ (Analogous) dyj Oghy ij os jax tks ,d nwljs ds lkFk lkFk gks ;k os jax ftuds çkFkfed ;k f}rh;d jax ?kVd gksa ,ukyksxl jax dgykrs gSa tSls gjk vkSj cSaxuh esa ?kfu"B laca?k gSA bl izdkj gkjeuh lnSo larqfyr ugha gksrh D;ksafd dyj Oghy dh nksuksa lkbM iznf'kZr (Represent) ugha gksrh gSA ¼fp= 15-2 A)

1515-3-5 jaxjfgr jax la;kstuk,¡ (Achromatic) ,ØkseSfVd jax xzsLdsy jax gSa ftuesa lQsn vkSj dkys jax dk ewY; (value) fHkUu&fHkUu gksrk gS rFkk xzs ds cgqr ls 'ksM dkys vkSj lQsn jax dks feyk dj cuk;s tk ldrs gSa ¼fp= 152 B)

1515-3-6 cgqjaxh; jax la;kstuk,a (Polychromatics) vla[; jaxksa ds fofHkUu fVaV~l rFkk 'ksM~l okyh gkjeuh dks iksyhØkseSfVd gkjeksuh dgrs gSaA ¼fp= 15-2 C)

fp= 1515-2

1515-3-7 gkbZ dh (High key) ;g gkjeksuh jax dh Vksu osY;w gS tks gYdk rFkk pedhyk izHkko NksM+rh gSA ¼fp= 15-3-

blesa jaxksa ds fVUV rFkk 'ksM~ gksrs gSa tks pedhys rFkk vf/kd vkd"kZd gksrs gSaA

1515-3-8 feMy dh (Middle key) ;g fHkUu&fHkUu jaxksa dk e/;eku gSA blesa cgqr xgjs ;k cgqr gYds jax ugha gksrs A blesa dksbZ foijhr jax ugha gksrk gS rFkk izHkko dk feJ.k gksrk gS vkSj blls QS'ku ifj/kku dHkh&dHkh cgqr ean (Dull) rFkk mnklhu gks tkrs gSaA ¼fp= 15-3 B)

1515-3-9 yks dh (Low key) yks dh gkjeksuh ml le; cukbZ tkrh gS] tc fHkUu jaxksa ds xgjs 'ksM~l ,d lkFk j[ks tkrs gSa tks xgjk rFkk MkdZ izHkko nsrs gSaA ¼fp= 15-3 C)

fp= 1515-3

fp=15fp=15-3

15-4 dwy rFkk okeZ jax (COOL & WARM COLOUR) jax pØ esa ge ns[krs gSa fd ihyk jax lcls gYdk rFkk cSaxuh ] lcls xk<+k jax gSA vFkkZr bu nks g~;wt esa gekjs ikl lcls gYdk rFkk xgjk dkWUVªkLV gSA ihys&cSaxuh esa ihys ds ledks.k ij yky&larjh lcls xeZ rFkk uhyk&gjk lcls BaMk jax gS ¼fp= 15-4½A izk;% ihyk&ukjaxh] ukjaxh] ukjaxh] yky] yky] yky&cSaxuh jax xeZ jaxksa ls lacaf/kr gS rFkk ihyk] ihyk&gjk] gjk] gjk&uhyk] uhyk] uhyk&cSaxuh jax BaMs jaxksa ls lacaf/kr gSA xeZ jax pedhys rFkk vkd"kZd gksrs gSa tcfd BaMs jax gYds gksrs gSaA bu jaxksa ds mfpr iz;ksx ls eueksgd rFkk vkd"kZd ifj.kke izkIr gksrs gSA

fp= 15-4

1515-5 foijhr jax (CONTRAST COLOURS) fofHkUu izd`fr okys jax ftuesa dksbZ lekurk ugha gksrh foijhr (contrast) jax dgykrs gSaA vxj ge dyj Oghy dks ns[ksa rks gesa jaxksa ds dqN tksM+s izkIr gksaxs tSls&yky o gjk] uhyk o ukjaxh] ihyk o cSaxuh tks fd dyj Oghy ij ,d nwljs ds Bhd foijhr fn'kk esa gksrs gSaA

Lo;a tk¡p iz”u 1- okeZ ,oa dwy oxZ esa vkus okys jaxksa ds uke rFkk egRo fyf[k,A 2- ØkseSfVd rFkk U;wVªy jaxksa ds ukeksa dh lwph cukb,A 3- eksuksØkseSfVd dyj gkjeuh esa D;k =qfV;ka gSa\ 4- iksyhØkseSfVd dyj gkjeuh D;k gS\ 5- gkbZ&dh] fefMy&dh] rFkk yks&dh dyj gkjeksuht esa vki varj dSls djsaxs\ 6- jax ifV~Vdk ij dkSu lk jax lcls gYdk rFkk dkSu jax lcls xgjk gksrk gS\

1515-6 fp=ksa }kjk dk;Z djuk% osDVj xzkfQDl vkSj fcVeSi 1515-6-1 osDVj eSIM xz xzkfQDl best osDVj ,d ljy js[kk gks ldrh gSA ,d ljy js[kk nks fcUnqvksa }kjk ifjHkkf"kr gksrh gS] mlh izdkj osDVj dks Hkh ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tk ldrk gSA vFkkZr osDVj ljy js[kk ds fdlh Hkh fcUnq ds pkjksa vksj ?kqekus ls ¼osDVj½ ykbu ds vuqikr rFkk vksfjfUVx (orienting) dh vuqefr nsrk gSA dEI;wVj] fizafVax rFkk izn'kZu ds mÌs'; ls fcUnqvksa dks Hkjdj n'kkZrk gSA ;g rduhd corel draw }kjk iz;ksx esa ykbZ tkrh gS rFkk vU; xzkfQDl çksxkz e vkiwfrZ drkZvksa esa ;g vkSj Hkh yksdfiz; gks x;k gSA osDVj xzkfQDl ds iz;ksx djus ls dqN eq[; ykHk gSA igyk QkbYl de txg ?ksjrh gSa D;ksafd dsoy vkf[kjh fcUnq gh lso gksrs gSaA nwljk oLrq dks ljyrk ls bu fcUnqvksa }kjk cM+k NksVk fd;k tk ldrk gS dEI;wVj vius vki gh bu fcUnqvksa dks feyk nsrk gS rhljk dEI;wVj gesa tfVy Mªkbax cukrs le; ,d nwljs vkWCtsDV ds ckjs es crkrk gS tks gekjh Mªkbax ds fy, ykHkdkjh gksrk gSA bl çdkj osDVj xzkfQDl izfrfcac xf.krh; o.kZu (mathematical descriptions) }kjk cuk;k tkrk gS] tks MªkW djus okyh ykbuksa dh yEckbZ] fn'kk] LFkku] dks fu/kkZj.k djrk gSA osDVj xzkfQDl O;fDrxr MkWV~l ;k fiDly ds uewus ds vfrfjDr] ykbuksa ds laxzg }kjk cuk;k tkrk gSA tks Hkh vkd`fr ge cukrs gSa os osDVj izfrfcac gksrs gSa D;ksafd bldh fn'kk rFkk yEckbZ ifjHkkf"kr gksrh gSA 5

1515-6-2 fcVeSiM xzkfQDl çkFkfed xzkfQDl iSdst] ewy fcVeSiM xzkfQDl iSdst Fks vFkkZr~ oSlk gh LØhu ij çR;sd NksVs&fcUnq ¼dEI;wVj Hkk"kk esa fiDly dgrs gSa½ dkys rFkk lQsn dh rjg iz;ksx (Treat) fd;s tkrs gSa ,d ckj cuus ds ckn rc rd oSlk gh jgrk gS tc rd fd vkijsVj bldks u cnysA fp= ewyr% Js.kh c) fcUnqvksa ls cuk gksrk gS rFkk dEI;wVj }kjk fp= dkys&lQsn fcUnqvksa ds vkdkj esa cuk;s laxzghr fizaV rFkk ewo fd;s tkrs gSaA fcVeSi ds dqN ykHk gSa ijUrq dqN dfe;ka Hkh gSA tSls& ;fn ,d MªkWbax esa nks vkWCtsDV ,d nwljs ds Åij (overlap) gSa rks dEI;wVj dks ;g Kku ugha gksrk fd dkSu ls vkWCtsDV dh MkWV~l fdl {ks= esa gSaA ;fn dEU;wVj vkijsVj nks oLrqvksa dh vksfj;UVs'ku (orientation) dks cnyuk pkgrk gS rks mlls MªkWbax [kjkc Hkh gks ldrh gSA fcVeSi xzfQDl dk fo'ks"k y{k.k ;g gS fd bldk iwjk çfrfcEc dEI;wVj LØhu ij fn[krk gS tks vki ns[krs gSa ogh fizaV gksrk gSA vf/kdrj vPNs ystj fizaVj dk fjtksY;w'ku (resolution) 300 fcUnq izfr bap gksrk gS vFkkZr ,d fçaVj dkxt [kM+h ¼vertical) ;k {kSfrt fn'kk esa (horizontal) 300 NksVs fcUnq izfr bap vIykbZ dj ldrk gSA vf/kdrj dEI;wVj ekWfuVj esa 640 fcUnq iwjh Ldzhu ij {kSfrt fn'kk esa (Horizontall) rFkk 480 fcUnq [kM+h fn'kk esa (vertically) uhps dh rjQ iwjh LØhu ij gksrs gSa ;g ystj fizaVj ls 1@3 de fjlksY;w'ku (resolution) nsrk gSA vr% ystj fizaVj tks dqN fcVeSi LØhu ij gS dsoy mlh dks fizaV dj ldrk gS rks fizafVM izfrfcEc nkarsnkj (jagged) gksxk tc rd fd fo'ks"k duotZu vkçs'ku (conversion operation) ds }kjk QkbZy ds fjlksY;w'ku (resolution) dks LØhu ysoy ls fizaVj ysoy esa cnyk ugha tkrkA ;gka dEI;wVj dks fu/kkZfjr djuk vko';d gS fd fcUnq fdlls lacaf/kr gS rFkk ;g tkuuk fd ;g fcUnq fdl LFkku ij fn[kkbZ nsuk pkfg,A tks vki LØhu ij ns[krs gSa lnSo ogh fizaV ugha gksrkA vr% fcVeSi] fiDly ;k fcUnqvksa ds fxzM }kjk cuk;k gqvk izfrfcEc gS vFkkZr tc vki izfrfcEc dks jaxksa ds lkFk ns[krs gks rks çfrfcEc esa cgqr ls NksVs&NksVs fcUnq gksrs gSa og fp= cukrs gSaA

1515-6-3 osDVj ,oa fcVeSIk dh rqyuk nks izdkj dh ewy xzkfQd Qkbysa gksrh gS fcVeSi rFkk osDVj ;|fi vki ns[kdj lnSo ;g ugha crk ldrs fd izfrfcEc fcVeSi gS ;k osDVj tcfd os fcydqy fHkUu gksrs gSa rFkk vyx <ax ls cuk;s tkrs gSaA ;g Hkzfer djus okyk gS] ijUrq vUrj dh tkudkjh gksuk dEI;wVj xzkfQDl ds Kku ds fy, vko';d gSA i) fCkVeSi çfrfcEc fiDly dh Øec)rk ;k NksVs&NksVs oxksZa }kjk fufeZr fd;s tkrs gSa dHkh&dHkh oxZ ,d gh jax }kjk Hkjs tkrs gSa tks ,d Bksl çfrfcEc cukrs gSa fQj Hkh izk;% izR;sd 6

fiDly esa ,d vuwBk jax n`”; gksrk gSA fp= 15-5 es ck;sa og <ax gS tSlk gesa izfrfcEc fn[kkbZ nsrk gS rFkk nka;s vksj [khaph xbZ vkmVykbu fiDly dks n'kkZrh gSA

fp= 1515-5 fcVeSi best ii) osDVj best esa fiDly ugha gksrsA ¼fp= 15-6½ os xf.krh; i)fr }kjk fizaV ;k iznf'kZr fd;s

tkrs gSa osDVj best esa lans'k gksrk gS tSls dkxt ij ,d vk;r bl uki dk vkSj bl LFkku ij cukb,A ;g bldk ,d mnkgj.k gS fd fMtk+bu dSls cuk;k tkrk gS bl çfrfcEc dh cSVeSi izfrfcEc ds lkFk rqyuk djsaA

fp= 15-6 iii) çk;% leku çfrfcEcksa dh Qkbysa fcVeSi QkbZyksa ls cgqr NksVh gksrh gS D;ksafd leku ifj.kke izkIr djus ds fy, cgqr de lwpuk dh vko';drk gksrh gSA QksVksxzkfQd izfrfcEcksa esa tgka yxHkx izR;sd fiDly dk jax cnyrk gS bldk viokn gS bl izdkj dh Qkbysa fcVeSi izksxzke es Hkyh izdkj cukbZ rFkk la'kksf/kr (edited) dh tk ldrh gSaA fp= 15-7 esa nks çfrfcEc ,d leku fn[kkbZ ns jgs gSaA cka;s ,d fcVeSi lkbZt+ best gS ftldk lkbZt+ 122]888 ckbZV~l gSA nka;s ,d osDVj best gS ftldk lkbZt+ 11-227 ckbV~l gSA

fp= 1515-7

iv) fcVeSi izfrfcEc dk lkbZt cM+k djus ls og mldh xq.koÙkk dks de djrk gSA D;ksafd xq.koÙkk cuk;s j[kus ds fy, Ik;kZIr lwwpuk ugha feyrh] ewy:Ik esa fiDly cM+s gks tkrs gSa osDVj izfrfcEcksa esa eSfiax dks cnyk tkrk gSA 2^^x 1** ds vk;r ds lkbZt dks 7

nks xquk djus esa vk;r 4^^ x 2** esa cny tk;sxk ijUrq mldh xq.koÙkk esa dksbZ vUrj ugha vk;sxk rFkk Qkby dk lkbZt Hkh ugha c<sxkA mnkgj.k nsf[k, tks ck;sa vksj fcVeSi rFkk nka;s vksj osDVj Ldsfyax dk vuqdj.k djrk gSA

fp= 1515-8 fjlkbZftax

fp= 1515-9 fcVeSi fQy

1515-6-4 fcVeSi fQy vksojO;w fcVeSi fQYl ds }kjk vki vkWCtsDV ds vUnj fp= cuk ldrs gSaA ¶ykbZ ij lk/kkj.k fQYl cukus ds fy, fQy ,fMVj dk ç;ksx djsa ;k viuh fcVeSi QkbZy vk;kr djsA fp= 15-9 esa VsDLV rFkk vksoy ds ck;sa fcVeSi fQYl gSA gYds okys LVkj esa nks jax ds çhlsV iSVuZ fQy (Preset pattern fill) gSa rFkk MkdZ LVkj esa Qqy dyj iSsVuZ fQy gSA bu jaxksa dks Hkjus ds fy, vkWCtsDV dks fid Vwy }kjk pqudj fQy Vwy ij fDyd djds ¶ykbZ vkmV dks [kksyk tkrk gSA fcVeSi foaMks dks [kksyus ds fy, rhljs vkbZdkWu (icon) ij fDyd djsaA

1515-6-5 osDVj xzkfQDl fQDl dks fcVeSi esa cnyuk tc vki osDVj xzkfQDl dks fcVeSi es cnyrs gSa rks vki blesa fo'ks"k çHkko Mky ldrs gSa tks osDVj xzkfQDl esa miyC/k ugha gSA tc vki osDVj dks cnyrs gSa rks vki fcVeSi ds dyj eksM dks LkysDV djsaA

15-6-6 fcVeSi esa dyj eksM cnyuk çfrfcEc dks ,d dyj eksM ls nwljs es cnyus ls tSls RGB] CMYK ;k xzs Ldsy esa] fcVeSi dh jax lajpuk cnyrh gSA

1515-6-7 fcVeSi ds dyj eksM dks cnyuk tSlk fd vki tkurs gSa fd izfrfcEcksa ds jax dyj eksM~t ij fuHkZj djrs gSaA dyj eksM~t gh izfrfcEcksa ds jaxksa ds y{k.kksa ds ifjHkkf"kr djrs gSa rFkk muds dyj dkWEiksusUV~l (components) dk mYys[k djrs gSaA CMYK dyj eksM L;ku (CYAN), etSaVk (Magenta), ihyk (Yellow) rFkk dkys (black) ls cuk gksrk gSA rFkk RGB dyj eksM yky] gjk rFkk uhys jax ds ewY; (value) ls cuk gksrk gSA 8

;|fi vki LØhu ij Cyan dyj eksM rFkk RGB dyj eksM esa cus izfrfcEcksa ds vUrj ugha ns[k ldsxsa fQj Hkh izfrfcEc fcYdqy vyx gSaA ,d gh eki ds fy, RGB izfrfcEc dh NksVs vkdkj dh Qkby gksxh rFkk CMYK izfrfcEc dh cM+h Qkby gksxh O;olkf;d fçafVax esa izk;% CMYK dyj eksM dk gh ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA Tkc Hkh vki izfrfcEc (image) esa dqN cnyko djrs gSa rks vki dqN u dqN jax lwpuk (colour information) [kks ldrs gSa blds fy, vki la'kksf/kr çfrfcEc dks nwljs dyj eksM es cnyus ls igys lso dj ysaA

1515-7 iSVUlZ rFkk rFkk iSVuZ fQy vksojO;w dksjy MªkW es iSVuZ fQy ds rhu eq[; çdkj gSaA fp= 15-10 esa 2 jax (colour)] Qqy dyj rFkk fcVeSi ds uewus fn[kk;s x;s gSA ,slk dksbZ Hkh iSVuZ ugha gksrk gS tks bu rhu izdkj ds iSVuZ fQy esa ls fQy u gksrk gSA

fp= 1515-10 Vkbi vkWQ iSVuZ

fp= 1515-11 dyj iSVuZ fQy

nks dyj iSVuZ fQYk lk/kkj.k fQYk gksrs gSaA Åij ds uewus esa izhlsV iSVuZ gS tks vki pqu ldrs gSa ;k vki ljyrk ls viuk iSVuZ cuk ldrs gSa tSls fd fp= 15-11 dk uhps okyk uewukA vkxs rFkk ihNs ds jaxksa dks dksjy MªkW dytZ ds Qqy flysD'ku ds iz;ksx }kjk lsV dj ldrs gSaA

fp= 1515-12

fp= 1515-13

Qqy dyj iSVuZ fQYl osDVj çfrfcEc dks ,d uewus ds :Ik esa n'kkZus dh ;ksX;rk iSnk djrk gSA fp= 15-12 esa nks izhlsV Qqy dyj iSVUlZ tes gq, Ldsy oSfj;s'ku (Scale variation) ds lkFk fn[kk, x;s gSaA vkidks gj ckj çhlsV ifj.kke ds fy, jaxksa esa lq/kkj 9

(modify) rFkk ikst+h'ku djus dh vlhfer 'kfDr çnku djrs gSaA iSVuZ fQy fdlh Hkh vkWCtsDV ij iz;ksx es yk ldrs gSaA fcVeSi iSVuZ fQYk jSLVj best ls rS;kj fd;s tkrs gSa vki cgqr ls <ax ls ç;ksx es yk ldrs gSa tSls TIG, JPG, BMP, GIF vkfnA blesa cgqr ls izh yksMsM best ç;ksx ds fy, gksrh gS ijUrq bl xq.k dh okLrfod 'kfDr ckgjh QkbZYl dks cgqr lk/kkj.k <ax ç;ksx esa ykuk gSA fp= 15-13 esa cka;h vksj bUVjusV ls fy;s x, izhlsV fcVeSi fQy vkSj ts-ih-th- Qkby dh fHkUurk dks n'kkZrk gSA lHkh çdkj ds iSVuZ dks gVkus ds fy, vki MªkWi Mkmu flysDVj }kjk gVkus okys iSVuZ dks pqfu, rFkk fMyhV ij fDyd dfj,A ¼fp= 15-14½

fp= 1515-14

fp= 1515-15

1515-8 iSVuZ fQy vkWI”ku dk iz;ksx ,d vk;r 4X4 dh cukb,A fid Vwy ls bls flysDV dfj,A ¶ykbZvkmV dks [kksyus ds fy, VwyckWDl esa fQy Vwy dks fDyd dfj,A iSVuZ fQy foaMks dks [kksyus ds fy, ¶ykbZ vkmV esa rhljk vkbdu (icon) iSVuZ fQy ds lHkh miyC/k fodYi dks tkuus ds fy, foaMks ds fupys Hkkx dks nsf[k, ¼fp= 15-15½ fodYi {ks= ckbZ vksj ihys ckWMZj ls gkbZ ykbVsM gksrk gSA lHkh iSVuZ fQy VkbZIl dh 2** lkbt ds fy, MhQkWYV lsfVax gksrh gS rFkk ckdh lHkh fodYiksa ds fy, 0 gksrh gSA ge iSVuZ fQy foaMksa dks uhps ds Hkkx esa fn;s x;s fodYi ds }kjk iSVuZ fQYl ds LFkku] vkdkj rFkk cukoV dks vuwdwfyr (Adjust) dj ldrs gSaA fp= 15-16 es ckbZa vksj dk uewuk ,d mÙke (Perfect) 4x4 vk;r dks n'kkZrk gSA tks fMQkWYV lkbZt 2** ds iSVuZ fQy ls Hkjk x;k gSA izR;sd 2** ij ekxZn'kZu (guidelines) dks uksV dfj,A

fp= 1515-16

fp= 1515-17

vc bl ewY; dks 1** eki fodYi ds fy, cnfy,A vc vki ns[ksaxs fd 2** ekDZM lsD'ku esa ;g pkj ckj vk;k gSA ¼fp= 15-17½ ;g uewuk vc 1x1 ds oxZ esa nskgjk jgk gSA ftlls 2x2 {ks= esa iqujko`fÙk;k¡ gaSA iSVuZ fQy LFkkuksa ds fy, fMQkWYV lsfVax ;g gS fd iSVuZ dh lh/kh igyh iafDr fiNyh iafDr ds Åij j[kh tkrh gSA iSVuZ fjihV dks QSykus ¼Stagger) ds fy, vki vkWQlsV dks cny ldrs gSaA ¼fp= 15-18½ cka;h vksj ds ifj.kke çkIr djus ds fy, jks (Row) fodYi lfØ; djus ds ckn ge blds ewY; dks 50 çfr'kr cny nsrs gSaA 10

fp= 1515-18

fp= 1515-19

iSVuZ vkjEHk djus ds fy, vki mldh fLFkfr (Position) dks Hkh lsV dj ldrs gSA x oSY;w dks -5 ij lSV dfj,A ;g iSVuZ dks -5** nka;ha rjQ ?kqek nsrk gSA ¼fp= 15-19½ ck;ha vksj ?kqekus ds fy, _.kkRed ewY; dk iz;ksx dfj,A y ewY; dks -5** lsV djksA ;g iSVuZ dks 5** uhps ?kqekrk djrk gaSA -5** ikst+h'ku ij vfrfjDr ekxZn'kZu (guidelines) ns[ksaA vki iSVuZ fQy dks frjNk] mls nka;as ;k ck;as >qdk ldrs gSaA ¼fp= 15-20½A iSVuZ fQy foaMks ds VªkalQWkeZ ,fj;k esa LD;w fodYi dk ewY; 30˚ Hkfj,A blls iSVuZ 30˚a nka;h vksj >qd tk;sxkA 30˚ dh ,d ,UVªh iSVuZ dks 30a˚ ck;as >qdk ldrh gSA

fp= 1515-20

fp= 1515-21

vki iSVuZ fQy dks ?kqek Hkh ldrs gSaA ¼fp= 15-21½A iSVuZ fQy foaMks ds VªkalQWkeZ {ks= esa jksVsV vkWI'ku esa 45 oSY;w ,UVj dfj,A nsf[k, iSVuZ vc dSls vk;r ds Mk;Xuy ,axy frjNs ij gSaA

15 tc vki viusfp= vkWC15tsD-22V dks :ikarfjr (transform) djrs gSa vFkkZr vkdkj cnyrs ;k ?kqekrs gSa rks iSVuZ fQy esa dksbZ ifjorZu ugha gksrk gSaA bu nksuksa ls tks fp= 15-22 eas nks ,d leku vk;r gSaA Åij dk mnkgj.k gSa mlesa vkWCtsDV eas jax Hkjk x;k gS rFkk ?kqek;k ¼rotate) x;k gSaA iSVuZ ugha ?kwek gS ysfdu vius iSVuZ dks vifjofrZr j[kus ds fy, vki vkWCtsDV esa dqN Hkh ,fMfVax djsa] iSVuZ fQy foaMks esa uhps cka;ha vksj :ikarj.k fQy okys vkWCtsDV dk /;ku j[ksaA

1515-9 nks jax okys QkmUVsu fQy dk Á;ks ;ksx djuk& djuk • • • •

,d vkWCtsDV dks flysDV djsaA bUVjsfDo fQy ¶ykbZvkmV dks [kksfy, rFkk bUVjsfDVo fQy Vwy ij fDyd djsaA çksiVhZ ckj ij fQy Vkbi fyLV ckWDl esa QkmUVsu fQy pqfu,A çksiVhZ ckj esa fQy MªkWiMkmu fidj [kksfy, rFkk jax ij fDyd dfj,A 11

• çksiVhZ ckj ij vafre fQy fidj [kksfy, rFkk ,d jax ij fDyd dfj,A • vki okafNr lsafVaXl fuf'pr dfj,A fVIl& vki jax ifV~Vdk ij daVªksy dh nck dj bUVjSfDVo osDVj gSafMy ij ,d dks flysDV djds 2 jax QkmUVsu fQy esa jaxksa dks feyk ldrs gSaA vki dyj ifV~Vdk ls jax MSªx djds oLrq ds bUVjsfDVo osDVj gSaMy esa 2 dyj QkmUVsu fQy esa jax feyk ldrs gSaA

1515-10 çhlsV QkmUVsu fQy dk iz;ksx • • • •

oLrq dks pqfu,A fQy ¶ykbvkmV dks [kksfy, rFkk QkmUVsu fQy Mk;yWkx ckWDl ij fDyd dfj,A çhlsV fyLV ckWDl ls jax pqfu,A okafNr lsfVaXl dks fuf'pr dfj,A

1515-11 dyj eSustesaV rFkk fç fçafVax çksQkbYl 1515-1111-1 fMLIys] buiqV rFkk vkmViqV ds fy, jax dks O;ofLFkr djuk vki ns[ksaxs fd vkids ekWuhVj ij fn[kus okys jaxksa ls ;k fçaV fd;s gq, jaxksa ls ugha feyrs dyj eSustesUV ;k jax çcU/ku ds }kjk vki jaxksa dks fcYdqy lgh dj ldrs gSa bl Hkkx esa vki jax izcU/ku ¼dyj eSustesaV½ ds MWk;ykx ckWDl ds fo”k; esa lh[ksaxsA jax izcU/ku jaxksa dks buiqV@vkmViqV midj.kksa }kjk jaxksa dks feykus ¼match) dh çfØ;k gSA tSls&LdSut+Z] fMftVy dSejk] fçaVj rFkk ekWuhVjA dyj eSustesaV dk fu;U=.k vkids fMtkbu ds mi;ksx ds y{k.kksa ds vuqlkj jaxksa dks vPNh çdkj ls feykus (match) esa lgk;d gksrk gSA fMQkWYV lsfVax okyk jax izcU/ku ¼colour management) MWk;ykx ckWDl fn[kk;k x;k gSa ¼fp= 15-23½A

fp= 1515-23 MhQkWYV lsfVax

vki fuEu n`f"Vxr (visual) rRoksa dks fØ;k” fØ;k”khy dj ldrs gSa% 12

• • • • • •

LdSuj@fMftVy dSejk vkbdWku (icon) fçaVj vkbdWku ekWuhVj vkbdWku baiksVZ ,DliksVZ vkbdWku bUVjuy RGB vkbdkWu rhj (arrows)

vki dyj eSustesaV fodYi rFkk mUur lsfVaXl dks pquus ds fy, ekWuhVj vkbdWku] bEiksVZ@,DliksVZ vkbdWku] bUVjuy RGB vkbdu rFkk rhj ds fu'kkuksa dks fDyd dj ldrs gSaA vki izR;sd midj.k ds fy, dyj izksQkby pquus ds fy,] ewy 'kh’kZd ds varxZr vkbdu dks fDyd dj ldrs gSaA vki lh- Mh- ;k bUVjusV ls vU; dyj izksQkby Hkh izkIr dj ldrs gSaA jaxksa ds vfrfjDr vki dyj izksQkby dks [kksyus ;k cUn djus ds fy, midj.k ds vkbdkWu ds chp fn[kus okys rhjksa dks fDyd dj ldrs gSaA dyj çksQkby [kqyus ij rhj ukjaxh rFkk cUn gksus ij Hkwjs rFkk VwVs gq, fn[kkbZ nsaxsA rhjksa dk iz;ksx nks midj.kksa ds e/; jaxksa dks lgh djus rFkk jax dSls fn[krs gSa mldks fu;fU=r djus esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA

1515-1111-2 dyj eSustesaV ds pj.k (COLOUR MANAGEMENT) • vkids }kjk iz;ksx esa yk;s tkus okys midj.kksa tSls ekWuhVj LdSuj] fMftVy dSejk rFkk fçaVlZ ds fy, dyj çksQkby pquus ds fy, igyk dne dyj eSustesaV flLVe dh lsfVax djuk gSA • çR;sd midj.k dh ,d dyj lhek ;k dyj Lisl gksrk gS tks ;g iz;ksx esa ykrk gSA tSls ekWuhVj fçaVj }kjk mRiUu fd, x;s jaxksa ls fHkUu jaxksa dks n'kkZrk gSA blfy, ekWuhVj ij vkidks dqN ,sls jax fn[kkbZ nsaxs ftudks vki fçUV ugha dj ldrsA • vki jaxksa dks ,d mnkgj.k ls nwljs eas cnyus ds fy, dyj eSustesaV flLVe dk ç;ksx dj ldrs gSaA vkids ekWuhVj rFkk buiqV@vkmViqV midj.kksa ds jax Lisl dks dyj çksQkby }kjk ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tkrk gSA

1515-1111-3 dyj ÁksQkby dk pquko

vyx vyx ekWMy rFkk dEiuh ds ekWuhVj] LdSuj fMftVy dSejs rFkk fçaVt+Z esa vyx vyx dyj Lisl gksrk gSA blfy, mudh dyj izksQkby Hkh vyx vyx pkfg,A vf/kdrj iz;ksx esa vkus okyh çksQkbZYt+ vkids midj.k esa yxh gqbZ gksrh gaSA vki tks Hkh midj.k mi;ksx esa yk;sa mlds vuqlkj çksQkby dk pquko djsaA tc Hkh vki fdlh midj.k dk ç;ksx jax cnyus ds fy, djrs gSa rks izR;sd midj.k ds fy, nks çksQkbYl ç;ksx esa ykbZ tkrh gSaA tSls fçaVj jaxksa dks bUVjuy RGB }kjk lgh fd;k tk jgk gS rks nksuksa bUVjuy RGB rFkk fçaVj çksQkbYt+ dks iz;ksx esa yk;k tkrk gSA ;fn vki ekWuhVj ij fn[kk;s x;s jaxksa dks mlh çdkj fçaV djuk pkgrs gaaS rks bUVjuy RGB fçaVj rFkk ekWuhVj rhuksa çksQkby iz;ksx eas vk;saxhA

fuEufyf[kr pkVZ esa rhjksa ¼arrows) ds vku@vkQ gksus ij D;k gksrk gS\ bldk o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA Rkhj (Arrows) LdSuj ;k fMftVy dSejk ls bUVjuy RGB

vkWu (On) vkWQ (Of) jax Bhd djus ds fy, Ldsuj@ izksQkbYt+ iz;ksx esa ugha ykbZ xb+ZaA fMftVy dSejk izksQkby rFkk bUVjuy RGB dk iz;ksx fd;k x;kA 13

bUVjuy RGB ekWuhVj

ls jax dks lq/kkjus ds fy, bUVjuy izksQkby iz;ksx esa ykbZ xbZ gSA vkj-th-ch rFkk ekWuhVj dyj izksQkby dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA

jax lq/kkjus ds fy, buVjuy bUVjuy RGB ls RGB rFkk fizaVj izksQkby dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA fizaVj

izksQkbYt+ iz;ksx es ugha ykbZ xbZA

jax çksQkby pquus ds fy, & 2-

1- Vwy dyj eSustesaV ij fDyd djsaA fuEufyf[kr vkbdu esa ls izksQkby uke ij fDyd djsaA • LdSuj@fMftVy dSejk • fizaVj • ekWuhVj • dEiksftV fizaVj • bUVjuy RGB 3- fyLV ckWDl ls çksQkby pqfu,A

uksV& dyj çksQkbYk ,Iyhds”ku ds dyj QksYMj esa laxzfgr gksrh gSaA

15fVax dk p;u 15-1111-4 mUur ¼advanced½ dyj eSustesaV lSfVa vkids }kjk dyj izksQkby pquus ds ckn dyj eSystesaV flLVe dyj eSfpax ekSM~;wy ds ek/;e ls vyx&vyx midj.kksa ds jaxksa dks cgqr ckjhdh ls eSp djrk gSA vkidh ,Iyhds'ku esa dksMsd dyj eSustesaV flLVe dk ç;ksx Lor% ¼ckbZ fMQkWYV½ gksrk gSA vki fHkUu&fHkUu jsUMfjax rRoksa dks pqu ldrs gSa tks fHkUu&fHkUUk dyj Lislst+ esa dyj eSustesaV flLVe }kjk jaxks dks cnyrk gS vkSj fu;fU=r djrk gSA tc vki xzkfQDl dks bEiksVZ ;k ,DliksVZ djrs gSa rks vki dyj izksQkbYl dks mlls tksM+ ldrs gSaA dyj çksQkby dks tksM+us ls vki jaxksa dh laiw.kZrk dks fuf'pr djrs gSa dksbZ Hkh vkids dk;Z dks ns[ksrk ;k fçaV djrk gS og mUgha leku jaxksa dk iz;ksx tks vkius fd;s gSa djrk gSA Gamut alarm dks pkyw djus ls vki mu jaxksa dks LØhu ij ns[k ldrs gSa ftudks fizaV ugha fd;k tk ldrkAos jax ftudks fçaV ugha fd;k tk ldrk gS oks gkbZykbZV gks tkrs gSaA foaMkst esa lsijs'ku rFkk dEiksftV fizaVj ds fy, mUur lsfVaXl gksrh gSA vki fdlh fo'ks"k fizaVj ls dyj çksQkby dks fyad dj ldrs gSaA jaxksa ds LVkby ds ç;ksx ls vki dyj eSaustesaV dks cUn ;k jaxksa dks vkWIVhekbt+ dj ldrs gSaA

1515-1111-5 dyj batu dk p;u rFkk jaasMfjax baVsaV • Vwy dyj eSustesaV ij fDyd dfj,A • bUVjuy RGB vkbdu dks fDyd dfj,A • ,Mokal lsfVax Mk;ykWx ckWDl ls] jsuMfjax buVsUV fyLV ckDl esa fuEu esa ls ,d dks pqfu, % • Absolute colours-metric lQsn fcUnq dks cnyus ds le; lqjf{kr j[krk gSA • Automatic default settings tks osDVj xzkfQDl ds fy, lspqjs'ku (saturation) rFkk fcVeSi ds fy, çR;{k Kku dk ç;ksx djrk gSA 14

• fHkUu&fHkUu izfrfcEcksa ds fy, mRre gksrh fo'ks"kr% fcVeSi ,oa QksVksxzkfQDl çfrfcEcksa ds fy,A • dyj batu fyLV ckWDl ls dksbZ fodYi pqfu,A

1515-1111-6 dyj çksQkbYl dks ,ECkM ,ECkM~ djuk (EMBED) fuEu esa ls dksbZ ,d dfj,% 1- Vwy dyj eSustesaV ij fDyd dfj,A 2- bEiksVZ@,DliksVZ vkbdu ij fDyd dfj,A 3- bEiksVZ {ks= es fuEu fodYiksa eas ls dksbZ ,d fØ;kfUor dfj, i) LVSUMMZ ,EcsMsM izksQkby ICC dk iz;ksx ii) lnSo jax cnyrs le; ,EcsMsM vkb lh lh çksQkby dh mis{kk dfj,A 4- ,DliksVZ {ks= esa] fuEu fodYiksa esa ls fdlh ,d dks busfcy dfj, i) ,EcM~ bUVjuy RGB çksQkby ii) gj le; ,EcM~ dk iz;ksx iii) ICC çksQkby dks ,EcM~ u djsa

uksV& tc vki always convert using import fodYi dks rFkk always embed using export option dks buscy djrs gS rks vki fyLV ckWDl ls çksQkby pqu ldrs gSaA tc vki bUVjuy RGB izksQkby ;k vkWyost ,ECkM ;wftax ,DliVZ vkWI'ku dks busfcy djrs gSa rks dqN fuf'pr Qkby QksesZV~l ,EcsMsM vkb lh lh izksQkby ds lkFk ,DliksVZ gks tkrs gSa ;s Qkby QksesZV~l gSa% TIFF, ,udSIlqysVsDl encapsulatex iksLV fLØIV (post script) (EPS), dksjy QksVks isUV (Corel PHOTO-PAINT) (CPT), dksjy MªkW (Corel Draw) (CDR,JPEG), iksjVscy MksD;wesUV QksesZV Postable decument format (PDF), rFkk vMksc QksVks'kkWi (Adobe Photoshop) (PSD)

15;ksx djuk 15-1111-7 dyj eSuteasV LVkbZy dk Á;ks fuEu esa ls dksbZ ,d dfj,& 1- jax çcU/ku VwYl dks fDyd dfj,A 2- LVkby fyLV ckWDl ls fuEu esa ls ,d dks pqfu,A • Dyj eSustesaV vkWQ • fMQkWYV lsfVaXl • MsLdVki fçafVax ds fy, vkWIVhekbt djukA

uksV & fdlh jax dh eSustesaV lsfVax tSls fMQkWYV] vkWIVhekbTM MsLdVkWi fçafVax] izksQs'kuy vkmV iqV ds fy, vkWIVhekbt djus ls LØhu ij jax ean (dull) fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA ;g vkWu&LØhu fçaVj vkmV iqV fleqys'ku ds dkj.k gksrk gSA

fVi & vki dyj eSustesaV LVkby dks tksM+us (add) ;k gVk (delete) ds fy, ,M çhlsV ;k fjewo çhlsV cVUk ij fDyd dfj,A

1515-1111-8

Án n”kZu ds fy, jaxksa dks lgh djuk

vki LØhu ij jaxksa dks LØhu ij Bhd izdkj ls iznf'kZr djus ds fy, Bhd dj ldrs gSaA ;fn vki dsoy iznf'kZr jaxks dks Bhd djrs gSa rks jax bUVjuy RGB rFkk ekWuhVj dyj izksQkby ds vuqlkj fn[kk;s tkrs gSaA 15

;fn vki jaxksa dks ,slk fn[kkrs gSa tSls os fizafVax gksus ij gksaxs rks bUVjuy RGB ekWuhVj rFkk fizaVj dyj izksQkby ds iz;ksx ls vkWu LØhu dyj vkmViqV fleqysV gksrh gSA fçaVj vkmViqV dk vuqdj.k djus ds dkj.k vkWu LØhu jax ean (dull) gks ldrs gSaA fVIl & vki jaxksa ¼fQDLV RkFkk dLVe½ ds uke fn[kk ;k Nqik ldrs gSaA 'kks dyj use fodYi dks fDyd djus ls LoSi dyj vkWI'ku dks fDyd djus ls vki iqjkus jaxksa rFkk u;s jaxksa dks vny&cny (swap) ldrs gSaA

1515-1111-9

IkSysVsM dyj eksM (Palletted colour mode)

isysfVM dyj eksM ftldks bUMsDl dyj eksM Hkh dgk tkrk gS] dHkh&dHkh ;g oYMZ okbM osc (world wide web) ij izfrfcEcksa ds fy, Hkh iz;ksx esa yk;k tkrk gSA tc vki izfrfcEc dks isysfVM dyj eksM esa cnyrs gSa rks izR;sd fiDly dks fuf'pr ewY; (value) fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkrk gSA ;s osY;wt dkWEisDV dyj Vscy ;k jaxifV~Vdk esa gksrs gSaA ftlesa 256 jax gksrs gSaA blfy, isysfVM dyj eksM esa 24 fcV ls Hkh de MkVk gksrk gS rFkk bldk vkdkj Hkh NksVk gksrk gSA tgka izfrfcEc esa lhfer jax gksrs gSa ogk¡ isysfVM dyj eksM esa dUo'kZu (conversion) vPNk gksrk gSA

iSysV ds Ádkj dkj dkj jax ifV~Vdk dk Ádkj

o.kZu

;wuhQkeZ (uniform)

blesa 256 jax gksrs gSa ftuesa yky] gjk] rFkk uhyk leku ek=k esa gksrk gSA

LVsaMZM oh th , (standard VGA)

;g 16 jaxksa okyh LVsaMMZ VGA jax ifV~Vdk gksrh gSA

vMSfIVo (adaptive)

izfrfcEc dks okLrfod jax nsrs gSa rFkk izfrfcEc esa okLrfod jaxksa dks lqjf{kr j[krs gSaA

vkWfIVekbTM (optimized)

;g izfrfcEc ds mPpre izfr'kr jaxksa ij vk/kkfjr dyj ifV~Vdk cukrh gSA vki dyj ifV~Vdk ds fy, jaxksa dh laosnu'khyrk dh lhek fu/kkZfjr dj ldrs gSaA QksVksxzkfQDl izfrfcEcksa

fy,

lcls

lkekU;

dyjifV~Vdk gSA CySd ckWMh (Black body)

blesa rkieku ij vk/kkfjr jax gksrs gSa tSls dkyk BaMs rkieku dks fn[kk ldrk gS tcfd yky] larjh ihyk rFkk lQsn xeZ jaxksa dks izLrqr djrk gSA

xzsLdsy (Gray scale)

;g xzs ds] dkys ls lQsn rd 256 'ksM nsrk gSA

flLVe ¼System)

;g vkWijsfVax flLVe }kjk iz;ksx esa ykbZ tkus 16

(predefined) jax

okyh iwoZ fu/kkfjZr ifV~Vdk cukrk gSA osc&lsQ (Web safe)

;g 216 u ?kj?kjkus okys iwoZifjHkkf"kr (predefined) jaxksa dh jax ifV~Vdk cukrk gS tks ekbØks lkW¶V bUVuZsV ,DLIyksjj rFkk usVLdsi

usohxsVj

ckMtlZ

(Netscape

navigator browsers) ij leku :Ik ls jax

iznf”kZr

djrk

ifV~Vdk

QksVksxzkfQDl ds fy, vuqdwy ugha gSaA ;g dsoy iqjkus dEI;wVj ds miHkksDrk ds fy, gh ykHknk;d gSaA dLVe (custom)

;g dLVekbTM jax ifV~Vdk cukus esa jax tksM+us (add) djus ds fy, izeq[k gksrh gSA

Lo;a tk¡p Á”u 7- fcVeSi xzkfQDl ds fo'ks’k y{k.k D;k gSa\ 8- ystj fizaVj ds lkekU; fjt+ksY;w'ku ¼resolution)D;k gS\ 9- vki osDVj izfrfcEc dks fcVeSi izfrfcEc esa dSls cnyasxs\ 1010- D;k vki fcVeSi izfrfcEc dk dyj eksM cny ldrs gSa\ 1111- iSVuZ fQy Mk;ykWx ckWDl esa iSVuZ fQy ds fdrus izdkj gksrs gSa\ 1212- dyj eSustesaV foaMks dks [kksyrs le; fdrus vkbdu fn[krs gSa\

1515-12 nÙk dk;Z 1515-1212-1 d{kk dk;Z 1- oxZ] vk;r rFkk o`Ùk dh vkd`fr;ka MªkW djsaA 2- fcVeSi ehuw rFkk dUoVZ dks lsysDV djds bu lcdks fcVeSi esa cnfy,A 3- dyj ;k Vksu bQsDV dk iz;ksx dfj,A

1515-1212-2 x`g dk;Z 1- ,d lhujh cukb, rFkk blesa foijhr (Colour contrast) rFkk cgqjaxh; (polychromatic) jax la;kstukvksa dk ç;ksx dfj,A

VkWi dyj rFkk dyj bQsDV dks vIykbZ dj ldrs gSaA fHkUu&fHkUu dyj eksM~t dk iz;ksx djsa rFkk jaxksa dh ped] gYdkiu rFkk xgjkiu dks dyj ,oa Vksu ds izHkko }kjk ,MtLV dfj,A

xfrfof/k (Activity) • fcVeSi lsysDV dfj,A • bQsDV > ,MtLV] dyj ;k Vksu bQsDV ij fDyd djsaA • dksbZ lsfVaXl fuf'pr djsaA • ,djaxh; (monochromatic)] lkn`'; jax la;kstuk (analogous) vkfn dksbZ jax la;kstuk iz;ksx djsa ftlls vki fcVeSi ds dyj eksM dks cny ldrs gSaA • fcVeSi dks fDyd djsA • fcVeSi eksM dks fDyd djs rFkk fuEu ls ,d dks fDyd dfj,& dkyk vkSj lQsn xzsLdsy

¼8 fcV½

RBG dyj ySc dyj

¼1& fcV½ ¼24 fcV½

¼24 fcV½

CMYK dyj ¼32 fcV½ ;k 1- izfrfcEc dks isysfVM dyj eksM esa cnfy, 2- fcVeSi ij fDyd dfj,A 3- fcVeSIl eksM isysfVM ij fDyd dfj,

¼8 fcV½

4- vkWI'ku VSc ij fDyd dfj,A 5- isysV fyLV ckWDl ls dyj isysV izdkj dks pqfu,A 6- fMFkfjax fYkLV ckWDl (Dithering list box) ls vkWI'ku pqfu,A 7- fMFkfjax baVsaflVh LykbMj ¼Dithering intensity slider) dks pykb,A ;fn vki dUo'kZu lsfVax dks izhlsV lso djuk pkgrs gSa rks ,M izhlsV cVu dks fDyd dfj, rFkk lso izhlsV ckWDl es uke Vkbi dfj,A

izHkkoksa dh lwph ¼Effect Menu) Hue-Saturation Lightness

jaxr& lar`Irrk&gYdkiu

o.kZu (Description½ jaxksa dks ,MtLV rFkk LisDVªe esa jaxksa dk LFkku cnyus ds fy,A ;g izHkko vkidks jaxksa rFkk 18

mudh laiUurk (richness) dks cnyus nsrk gSA rFkk izfrfcEc esa lQsn jax dh çfr'krrk dks Hkh cny ldrs gSaA dyj cSysal (colour balance)

blds }kjk vki fcVeSi es pquh xbZ rku (Tones) esa fL;ku ;k yky] eStsaVk ;k gjk rFkk ihyk ;k uhyk jax Mky (add) ldrs gSaA

p;fur jax (selected colour)

blls vki lh-,e-okbZ- ds jaxksa dh izfØ;k esa çfr'kr dks cny dj yky] ihyk] gjk] L;ku ¼cyan), uhyk rFkk eStsaVk jaxksa dks cny ldrs gSa tSls etsaVk jax dh çfr'kr dks yky LiSDVªe ls de djus ij jax ihys dh vksj f'k¶V gksxkA

fMlspqjsV (Desaturate)

blls izR;sd jax dh lar`Irrk dks 'kwU; djus ds fy, jaxr (hue) vo;o ¼component) dEiksusaV dks gVk, rFkk izR;sd jax dks xzsLdsy ds leku jax esa cnfy,A ;g xzsLdsy izfrfcEc dks fcuk dyj eksM esa cnys cukrk gSA

yksdy bDoykbts'ku (local equalization) blds }kjk fdukjksa ij dUVªkLV dks c<+kus ls gYds rFkk xgjs Hkkx ds fooj.k dk Kku gks tkrk gSA bu Hkkxksa dh Å¡pkbZ rFkk xgjkbZ dh dUVªkLV dks lsV dj ldrs gSaA czkbV~usl dUVªkLV bUVsfUlVh

blls vki lHkh jaxksa dh ped rFkk gYds ,oa xgjs {ks=ksa ds e/; vUrj dks ,MtLV dj ldrs gSaA

1515-12

lkjka”k

dEI;wVj ds fofHkUu dyj ekMyksa ds vuqlkj jax la;kstukvksa (harmonies) ds o.kZu ds Ik'pkr~ xzkfQDl ds nks izdkj vFkkZr~ osDVj xzkfQDl rFkk fcVeSi xzkfQDl dh O;k[;k ,d nwljs esa cnyus ds lkFk dh xbZA blds Ik'pkr~ bl ikB esa dksjy MªkW xzkfQDl ds mUur y{k.kksa tSls iSVUlZ rFkk iSVuZ fQy vksojO;w rFkk QkmUVsu fQy ds vuqlkj O;k[;k dh xbZ gSA var esa jax çca/ku (colour management) flLVe dk foLrkj ls o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA fizfVax izksQkby dyj] izksQkby dk pquko] dyj eSustesaV LVkbZy rFkk isysfVM eksM~t dk;Zdykiksa ij izdk'k Mkyk x;kA

1515-14 Lo;a tk¡p iz”uksa ds laHkkfor mÙkj mÙkj 1- okeZjax ¼cSaxuh] yky] czkmu] ukjaxh½ Hkkoukvksa dks mRrsftr dj ldrs gSa tcfd dksYM jax ;k dwy dyj ¼uhyk] ihyk rFkk gjk½ 'kkar rFkk vk'oLr djus okys gks ldrs gSaA 2- ihyk] yky] gjk vkSj cSaxuh ØkseSfVd jax dgykrs gSaA dkyk lQsn] xzs rFkk ean czkmu jax U;wVªy dyj gSA 3- ,d jaxh; jax la;kstu esa (monochromatic colour harmony) =qfV ;g gS fd os uhjl (monotonous) gks tkrs gSa bldks nwj djus ds fy, blesa foijhr (contrast) jax feyk;k tk ldrk gSA 4- cgqjaxh; jax la;kstuk (polychromatic colour hormones) vufxur jaxksa ds lkFk cukbZ tk ldrh gSA ftlesa fofHkUu fVaVl rFkk 'ksM gksrs gSaA 5- gkbZ&dh la;ksftr (Harmonious) jaxksa ds rku dk ewY; (tone value) gksrk gS tks cgqr ean rFkk pedhyk izHkko nsrh gSA blesa jaxksa ds fVaV~l rFkk 'ksM~ gksrs gSa tks cgqr pedhys rFkk mÙkstd gksrs gSaA fefMy&dh fofHkUu jaxksa dk e/;eku gS blesa cgqr ?kus cgqr gYds jax ugha gksrs gSaA blesa uks duLVªkfLVax rFkk izHkko dk feJ.k gksrk gSA blls QS'ku ifj/kku ean rFkk dHkh dHkh uhjl gks tkrk gSA 6- ihyk lcls gYdk jax gS rFkk cSaxuh lcls xgjk jax gSA 7- fcVeSi xzkfQDl esa iwjk izfrfcEc ekWuhVj dh LØhu ij fn[kkbZ iM+rk gSA 8- 300 DPI 9- osDVj izfrfcEc dks lsysDV djds ehuwckj ij fcVeSIl ij fDyd djasA fcVeSi esa cnyus dh vkWI'ku lsysDV djsA dyj eksM dks ,UVj djas rFkk vksds dks fDyd dfj,A 1010- gka] ge fcVeSi izfrfcEc dks fuEu esa cny ldrs gSaA CMYK ¼32 fcV~l½] RGB ¼24 fcV~l½ dkyk rFkk lQsn ¼1 fcV~l½ 16 dyjt ¼4 fcV½] xzs LdsYk ¼8 fcV½ rFkk isysfVM ¼8 fcV½ dyj eksM~l esa cny ldrs gSaA 1111- iSVuZ fQy ds Ádkj dkj gSaA • dyj iSVuZ • Qqy dyj iSVuZ • fcVeSi 12- LdSuj@fMftVy dSejk vkbdkWu] lsijs'ku fizaVj vkbdu] ekwfuVj vkbdu] bEiksVZ@,DliksVZ vkbdu bUVjuy RGB vkbZdu rFkk rhj (arrows)A

1515-15 vH;klkFkZ izi”z u 123456-

fMtkbu esa jaxksa ds egRo dk o.kZu dfj,A jax la;kstukvksa dk o.kZu dfj,A iSVuZ fQy Mk;ykWx ckWDl dk o.kZu dfj,A dyj eSustesaV ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\ fcVeSi rFkk osDVj izfrfcEcksa dh rqyuk dfj,A isysV dyj eksM dk o.kZu dfj,A

1515-16 lanHkZ rFkk v/;;u ;ksX; iqLrdsa bUVjusV osc lkbZV~l 1- Colour wheel Pro. http/w.w.w colour wheel- Pro.com. 2- Corel Draw help menu 3- Online tulorials on graphics software

1515-17 “kCnkoyh 1. jsaMfjax baVsaV 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

dksEiksusUV~l :ikUrfjr eSp ,sEcM buscy LVSUMMZ fleqys'ku fMFkfjax

blds }kjk ,d e'khu ds vkmViqV tSls fizaVj ls nwljh e'khu ds vkmViqV tSls ekWUkhVj ;k badtsV fçaVj vo;o oLrq dh vkd`fr] xq.k] izd`fr vkfn cnyuk feykus etcwrh ls cSBk nsuk ;k tM+uk ;ksX; cukuk ekud fdlh oLrq dk vkdkj ysuk fMFkfjax ds }kjk jax lwpuk dks c<+k;k tk ldrk gSA