2 jaxksa dh Hkk"kk (THE LANGUAGE OF COLOURS) igys ikB esa geus jaxksa rFkk jax ds ek/;eksa ds fo"k; esa i<+kA bl ikB esa ge jax pØ] ÁkFkfed jax rFkk dSls bUgsa rhu vk;keksa esa dq”kyrk ls iz;ksx esa yk;saxs] vFkkZr] jax (hue)] ewY; (value)] rhozrk (intensity) ds }kjk ÁHkkoksRiknd (dazzeling) jaxksa dk vk”p;Ztud iz;ksx gks ldrk gSA var esa bl bdkbZ ds rhljs ikB esa gekjk fHkUu fHkUu jax ifjokjksa ls ifjp; djok;k tk;sxkA
2-0
mÌs”;
bl v/;k; dks i<+us ds ckn vki fuEufyf[kr esa l{ke gksaxs %& • ÁkFkfed jaxksa dks le>uk vkSj muls ,d jax pØ cukus esaA • jax dks mlds jaxr (hue), ewY; (value) vkSj rhozrk (intensity) ds laca/k esa of.kZr djukA • fofHkUu jax ;kstuk cukukA • fefJr o feJ.k rFkk foijhr jaxksa dks le>us esaA
2-1 ÁLrkouk jax dk iz;ksx thou esa [kq”kh vkSj le`f) ds lekukFkZd 'kCn dh rjg fd;k tk ldrk gSA 'kCn ^jaxhu* cksyus esa vius vki esa cgqr lqgkouk yxrk gSA bldk eryc gS fd jaxksa dh viuh Hkk"kk gksrh gSA lkekU;r% ge bUæ/kuq"k ds dsoy lkr jaxksa ls ifjfpr gksrs gSaA tSls tSls ge bu lkr jaxksa ds fofHké gYds vkSj xgjs 'ksM ds ckjs esa tkusaxs] cgqr T+;knk vU; jax mHkj dj vk;saxasA jaxksa ds fofHké gYds] xgjs] ,ao feJ.k ds fy, ftUgsa ge bl v/;k; esa foLrkj esa tkusaxsA
2-2 jax pØ (COLOUR WHEEL) jax dk pØ rhu jaxksa ij fu/kkZfjr gksrk gS] yky] ihyk vkSj uhykA bUgsa ge çkFkfed jax (Primary colours) Hkh dgrs gSaA ;s fdlh Hkh vU; jax ds lfEeJ.k ls cuk;s ugha tk ldrsA lHkh vU; jax bu rhu jaxksa ls cuk;s tkrs gSaA bu rhu jaxksa dks rhu vk;keksa esa ekik tkrk gS %& jaxr (hue), ewY; (value) vkSj rhozrk (intensity)A
2-2-1 jaxr
(HUE) jaxr (Hue) 'kCn dk Á;ksx lgh vFkZ esa jax dks of.kZr djus esa fd;k tkrk gSA jax pØ ij jaxr (Hue) ihyk] gjk&ihyk] gjk] gjk&uhyk] uhyk&cSaxuh] cSaxuh] yky cSaxuh] yky] yky&ukjaxh] ukjaxh vkSj ukjaxh ihyk gksrs gSaA buesa ls ihyk] uhyk vkSj yky çkFkfed (primary) jax gksrs 1
fp=% 22-1 jaxr
gSa ¼fp=2-1½A gjs] cSaxuh vkSj ukjaxh ek/;fed (secondary) jax gksrs gSa vkSj vU; jax r`rh; Js.kh (tertiary) vFkok e/;orhZ (intermediate) gksrs gSaA
2-2-2 ewY; Y; (VALUE) ewY; (Value) 'kCn dk lacks/ku jaxksa ds gYdsiu (lightness) vFkok pedhysiu (brightness) ls gksrk gSA ÁR;sd of.kZr çkFkfed (primary), ek/;fed (secondary), vkSj r`rh; Js.kh (tertiary) jax viuh laiw.kZ ped vkSj lar`Irrk (saturation) ds lkFk gksrk gS] tc rd mlesa dkyk] lQsn vFkok Hkwjk jax ugha feyk;k tk,A tc lQsn jax ckjg jaxksa esa ls miyC/k fdlh Hkh jax ds lkFk feyk;k tkrk gS rks ml jax ds gYds 'ksM~] ftUgsa fVUV~ (tint) dgk tkrk gS] fudyrs gSaA mnkgj.kLo:i] xqykch jax yky jax ls fudyk gqvk ,d fVUV gksrk gS ¼afp= 2-2½A fdlh jax ds Hkkxksa esa dkys vFkok xgjs jax dks fefJr djus dks 'ksM~ (shade) dgrs gSaA cjxaMh@eg:u] yky jax dk ,d 'ksM~ gksrk gSA Ykky&xqykch dk fVUV
çkFkfed (primary) yky Ykky&eg:u dk 'ksM~
jaxksa ds ewY;
2-2-3
fp=% 22-2 jax ewY;
rhozrk (INTENSITY)
rhozrk (Intensity) fdlh Hkh jax dh ped vFkok 'kq)rk of.kZr djrh gSA pkgs jax vius okLrfod :i esa gks ;k fdlh vU; jax ds lkFk fefJr fd;k x;k gksA jaxksa dks vius ykHk ds vuqlkj cnyus ds fy, jaxksa ds bu vk;keksa dks tkuuk vR;ar vko”;d gksrk gSA tc vki ,d jax dks cnyuk pkgrs gSa] rks dbZ lkjs fu;eksa dk ikyu djuk iM+rk gSA
fp=% 22-3 jax pØ
2
jax pØ ¼fp= 2-3½ ds ckjg Hkkx çkFkfed (primary), ek/;fed (secondary), vkSj r`rh; Js.kh (tertiary) jax ,oa muds fVUV vkSj 'ksM~ dks lfEefyr djrs gSaA yky jax lcls Åij gksrs gq,] rhu çkFkfed (primary) jax yky] ihys vkSj uhys jax dks igpkuk tk ldrk gSA ;s rhu çkFkfed (primary) jax xksys ds vanj ,d leckgq f=Hkqt (equilateral triangle) cukrs gSaA rhuksa çkFkfed (primary) jax ds chp esa rhu ek/;fed (secondary) jax ukjaxh] cSaxuh vkSj gjk jax LFkkfir gksrs gSa rFkk ;s vius vki esa ,d vU; f=dks.k cukrs gSaA ihyk&gjk] uhyk&gjk] uhyk&cSaxuh] yky&cSaxuh] yky&ukjaxh vkSj ukjaxh&ihyk N% r`rh; Js.kh (tertiary) jax cukrs gSaA ;s çkFkfed (primary) vkSj ek/;fed (secondary) jaxksa ds lfEeJ.k ls curss gSaA ,d Øfed :i ls cuk;k x;k] ;g jax pØ gesa jax ds larqyu (balance) ,oa lkeatL; (harmony) dks ns[kus esa lgk;rk Ánku djrk gSA
Lo;a tk¡p ç'u 1- fjDr LFkku Hkfj, % i) ii) iii) iv) v)
yky] ihyk ,oa uhyk jax _______ dgykrs gSaA jax rhu vk;keksa esa ____, _____ rFkk _____ esa Á;ksx fd;s tkrs gSaA ______ “kCn okLrfod jax dk o.kZu djus ds fy, Á;qDr gksrk gSA ____, ____ rFkk ____ ek/;fed (secondary) jax rFkk vU; e/;orhZ (intermediate) ;k ______ jax gksrs gSaA ______ jaxks dh 'kq)rk ;k ped dk o.kZu djrh gSA
2- fuEufyf[kr dFku lR; gS ;k vlR; % i) gYds ewY; okys jaxr (hue) dks tint dgrs gSaA lR;@vlR; ii) jaxr (Hue) esa /khjs /khjs dkyk ;k Hkwjk jax feykus dk ifj.kke gYds ewY; dk jaxr gksrk gSA lR;@vlR; iii) yky jax dk 'ksM~ eg:u ;k cjxaMh gksrk gSA iv) xqykch jax izkbejh jax dk 'ksM~ gksrk gSA
2-3
lR;@vlR; lR;@vlR;
jax la;ks ;kstuk,a tuk,a (COLOUR SCHEMES)
vkjs[ku vkSj fp=.k esa jaxksa vkSj jaxksa dh ;kstukvksa dh ilan dk vk/kkj cgqr O;kid gksrk gaSA jaxksa ds p;u ds fy, dqN fu;e fuEufyf[kr gSa %& 1. ges”kk ,sls jax pqusa tks vkidks lqgkous yxrs gksa ¼fp=% 2-4½A ;fn vki vkjkenk;d okrkoj.k ilan djrs gksa rks gYds o “kkUr jax pqusa vkSj vxj vki izQqfYyr (lively) o vkUkfUnr (cheerful) gksuk pkgrs gSa rks pedhys rhoz jax pqusaA
fp=% 22-4 jax jkspd O;fäRo O;fäRo
2. jaxksa ls Hk;Hkhr u gksaA dkxt+ ij Á;ksx djus ls vkidks fo”okl vk;sxkA ij ;kn j[ksa] jax ds cMs+ lewg T+;knk rhoz gksrs gSaA fofHkUu jaxksa ds la;kstu dk Á;ksx djsa ¼fp=% 2-5½A 3
fp=% 22--5 fofHkUu jax la;kstu
3. fMt+kbu ds fo"k; ds lkFk jaxksa dk lkeatL; gksuk pkfg, ¼fp=% 2-6½A 4. pqus x;s jax] Li"V gksus pkfg,] Qhds ugha ¼fp=% 2-7½A 5. lkekU;r% lcls xgjs jax fMt+kbu ds NksVs {ks=ksa esa iz;ksx fd, tkrs gSa vkSj lcls gYds jax cM+s {ks=ksa esa iz;qDr gksrs gSa ¼fp=% 2-8½A
fp=% 22--6 fMt+kbu ls lacaf/kr jax
fp=% 22-7 jaxhu
fp=% 22-8 gYds vkSj xgjs jaxksa dk la;kstu
xfrfof/k (ACTIVITY) 1- dqN fHkUu fHkUu çdkj dh oLrq,¡ ,df=r djsa rFkk mudh jax ;kstuk vkSj jaxksa (hues) dh fdLeksa dk fujh{k.k djsa rFkk viuk –f"Vdks.k fyf[k,A
2-4
fefJr ek/;e (MIXED MEDIUM)
,d le; ij ,d ls T+;knk ek/;eksa dks Á;ksx djus dks fefJr ek/;e esa dk;Z djuk dgrs gSaA jaxksa ds Á;ksx fuEufyf[kr rhu ÁHkko dks ykus esa lgk;rk Ánku djrs gSa %& • fojks/kh (CONTRAST) - ;gk¡ fofHkUu jaxksa dks i`"BHkwfe esa Á;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] ,d nwljs dks vPNk fn[kkus ds fy,A ¼fp=% 2-9½ • feJ.k (BLEND) - ;gk¡ ,d gh jax ds fofHkUu fVUV vkSj 'ksM~ dks Á;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA ¼fp=% 2-10½ • ,lsUV (ACCENT) – blesa pfdr djus okys ewY; ds fy, ,d jax ds Øe rFkk rhoz fojks/kh jaxksa dk Á;ksx fd;k tkrk gS ¼fp=% 2-11½A ;g foifjr ÁÒko foijhr (complementary) jax] jaxksa ds gYds vkSj xgjs 'ksM~] pednkj vkSj Qhds] gYds xje vkSj BaMs jax] 'kq) vkSj Hkwjs fd;s gq, jax dk Á;ksx djds cuk;k tk ldrk gSA
fp=% 22-9 fojks/kh jax
fp=% 22-10 feJ.k
4
fp=% 22-11 ,lsUV
2-5 nŸkdk;Z (ASSIGNMENT) 2-5-1 d{kk dk;Z dk;Z foijhr (complementary) rFkk xgjs jaxksa ds uewus (swatches) yhft, rFkk mudk ,d dkxt+ ij ÁLrqrhdj.k djsaA
2-5-2 x`g dk;Z jaxhu diM+ksa ds VqdM+s ;k çkFkfed jaxksa ds fHkUu fHkUu 'ksM~ dh oLrq,a ,df=r djsa rFkk mudks ,d Q+kby esa yxk;saA
2-6 lkjka”k bl v/;k; esa i<+k;s x;s eq[; fcanq gSa %& • rhu çkFkfed jaxksa & yky] ihys vkSj uhys rFkk mUgh ls cus gq, jax pØ dk Li"Vhdj.kA • jaxksa ds rhu vk;ke & ftUgsa jaxr (hue), ewY; (value) vkSj rhozrk (intensity) dgrs gSaA • jax ;kstuk ilan ij egÙoiw.kZ lq>koA • jaxksa dk Á;ksx rhu n`f"Vxr ÁHkko ÁkIr djus esa fd;k tk ldrk gS & fojks/kh (contrast), feJ.k (blend) vkSj ,lsaV (accent)A
2-7 Lo;a tk¡p ç” ç”uksa ds laHkkfor mÙkj % 1- fjDr LFkku Hkfj, % i) ii) iii) iv) v)
çkFkfed jax jaxr (hue) rhozrk (intensity), ewY; (Value) jaxr (hue) gjk] cSaxuh rFkk ukjaxh ek/;fed (secondary) jax gSa rFkk vU; e/;orhZ (intermediate) ;k r`rh; Js.kh (tertiary) jax gksrs gSaA rhozrk (intensity)
2- fuEufyf[kr dFku lR; gS ;k vlR; i) lR; ii) vlR; iii) lR; iv) vlR;
2-8 vH;klkFkZ Á'u u (TERMINAL QUESTIONS) 5
1- rhu ÁkFkfed (primary) jax dkSu dkSu ls gSa\ 2- jaxksa ds rhu vk;ke (dimensions) dkSu dkSu ls gSa\ 3- jaxkas ds lEcU/k esa jaxr (hue), rhozrk (intensity), ewY; (Value), vkHkk (tones), 'ksM~ (shades) dh ifjHkk"kk fyf[k,A 4- fefJr ek/;e (Mixed medium) ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\ 5- fefJr ek/;e (Mixed medium) dk;Z dk D;k egRo gSa\
2-9 lanHkZ rFkk v/;;u ;ksX; iqLrdsa Sutton, T and Brides, M.2003, The complete Colour Harmony, Whelen Rockport Publication, Massachusetts
2-10 'kCnkoyh 1234-
izHkkoksRiknd lekukFkZd lkeatL; izQqfYYr
izHkko mRiUu djus okyk leku vFkZ okyk ,d nwljs ds lkFk lekurk [kq”k
6