4-jax pØ (COLOUR WHEEL) bdkbZ&1 esa vkius jaxksa ds egRo ds fo"k; esa i<+kA bl bdkbZ esa vki jax çfØ;k (colour System) ds fHkUu fHkUu oxksZa dk vH;kl rFkk jax pØ (colour wheel) ds ckjs esa tkudkjh ÁkIr djsaxsA bl ikB esa jax pØ rFkk jaxksa ds ?kVd oxksZa ds ckjs esa v/;;u fd;k tk;sxkA vxys ikB esa ge jax pØ dks fpf=r djuk lh[ksaxsA bl bdkbZ ds vfUre ikB esa ge fofHkUu jax ;kstukvksa (colour schemes) dk vH;kl djsaxsA
4-0
mís';
ge vk”kk djrs gSa fd bl v/;k; dks i<+us ds ckn vki fuEufyf[kr dks le>us esa l{ke gksaxs%& • jax çfØ;k (colour System) dks csgrj le>ukA • ,d gh ut+j esa vki ;g igpku ik;sxs fd jax fdl oxZ ls lacaf/kr gSA
4-1
ÁLrkouk
vkius vHkh rd i<+k fd jax ls euq"; dh fpŸko`fŸk dSls cnyrh gSA jax gekjs /;ku dks viuh vksj [khaprk gS rFkk euq"; esa ÅtkZ Ánku djrk gS] ;k og 'kkUr gks tkrk gSA vxj ge jaxksa dk lgh ç;ksx djuk lh[k ysaxs rks ge ;g vuqHko djsaxs fd fdlh Hkh fMtkbu esa jax ,d cgqr 'kfä'kkyh rRo gSA jaxksa dk lrdZrkiwoZd O;ofLFkr <ax ls ç;ksx djus ls csgrjhu ifj.kke ÁkIr gks ldrk gSA jax pØ ls ge ;g tku ik;saxs fd jax gekjs 'kjhj vkSj efLr"d ij D;k ÁHkko Mkyrs gSa\ la{ksi esa] mfpr jax ;kstuk dk ç;ksx djus ls ge okrkoj.k esa xehZ (warmth), dkseyrk (elegance) ;k fuLrC/krk (tranquility) rFkk fouksniw.kZ r#.k (playful youhfulness) izHkko mRiUu dj ldrs gSaA vkb;s vc ge jax pØ dk laf{kIr v/;;u vkjEHk djsa] ftlesa lHkh lkrksa jaxksa] muds fofo/k gYds ,oa xk<+s jaxksa] vkHkk (tones) ,oa fVUV dks jax lalkj ds fu;eksa ds vuqlkj ,d lk egRo nsrs gq, O;ofLFkr djuk lh[ksaxsA
4-2
jax pØ (COLOUR WHEEL)
jax pØ (colour wheel) ;k jax o`Ùk (colour circle), jaxksa ds fp= dk ,d ekSfyd vk/kkj (basic tool) gS ¼fp=% 4-1½A igyk jax pØ lj~ vkbtkd U;wV~u (Isaac Newton) }kjk 1666 esa fMt+kbu fd;k x;k FkkA
fp=% 44-1 jax pØ
jax pØ dk fMt+kbu ,slk gksrk gS fd fdlh Hkh jax dks pquus ij og jax vPNk yxus yxrk gSA brus o"kks± esa] bl ekSfyd fMt+kbu esa dbZ cnyko gq, gSa ysfdu lcls vf/kd iz;qDr gksus okyk& 12 jaxksa dk pØ gS tks R.Y.B. yky (Red), ihyk (Yellow), uhyk (Blue) ij vk/kkfjr gSA
1
bl ikB esa jax pØ] ÁkFkfed (primary), ek/;fed (secondary) rFkk vYi ek/;fed (sub-secondary) jaxksa ds ckjs esa fopkj&foe”kZ fd;k x;k gSA vki yksxksa dks ÁkFkfed (primary), ek/;fed (secondary), vYi ek/;fed (sub-secondary) rFkk r`rh; Js.kh ds (tertiary) jaxksa dks feykdj jax cukus dk vH;kl djuk gksxkA
4-3
jax pØ esa Á;qDr fofHkUu jax
4-3-1 ÁkFkfed jax (PRIMARY COLOURS) yky] uhyk rFkk ihyk fdlh Hkh jax dk feJ.k djus ls ugha cuk;s tk ldrs] blfy, bUgsa çkFkfed jax dgrs gSa ¼fp=% 4-2½A lHkh jax bu jaxksa ds feJ.k ls cuk;s tkrs gSaA
fp=% 44-2 ÁkFkfed jax
4-3-2 ek/;fed jax (SECONDARY COLOURS) çkFkfed (primary) jax ds feJ.k djus ls tks jax mRié gksrs gSa mls ge ek/;fed (secondary) jax dgrs gSa ¼fp=% 4-3½ & ukjaxh ¼ihyk $ yky½] gjk ¼uhyk $ ihyk½] cSaxuh ¼yky $ uhyk½A
4-3-3 vYi ek/;fed jax (SUB-SECONDARY COLOURS) ;g jax ek/;fed (secondary) jaxksa dks feykus ls mRié gksrs gSa ¼fp=% 4-4½ & ukjaxh $ gjk] gjk $ cSaxuh rFkk cSaxuh $ ukjaxhA
fp=% 44-3 ek/;fed jax
fp=% 44-4 vYi ek/;fed jax
4-3-4 r`rh; Js.kh ;k e/;orhZ jax (TERTIARY) OR (INTERMEDIATE COLOUR)
2
;g jax ÁkFkfed (primary) rFkk ek/;fed (secondary) jaxksa dk feJ.k djus ls mRiUu gksaxs ¼fp=% 4-5½A bl rjg ds lfEeJ.k ls] vla[; jaxksa okyk jax pØ cuk ldrs gSaA
fp= 4-5 r`rh; Js.kh jax Ákphu dky ls jax euq"; dh vk¡[kksa ds fy, izHkko”kkyh] lkoZHkkSfed rFkk vuar lEeksgd jgsa gSaA ÁkFkfed (primary) jax] pVdhys (Bright) gksus ds dkj.k cPpksa dks vf/kd fÁz; gksrs gSaA vkSlr cqf) okys yksxksa dks vkdf"kZr djus] cukus ds fy, ÁkFkfed (primary) jaxksa dks Áeq[krk nh tkuh pkfg,A ;qok] ftUgksaus mPp Lrj dh dykRed vuqHkwfr dj yh gS os ek/;fed (secondary) jaxksa dks T+;knk egRo nsrs gSaA lk/kkj.k yksxksa dk /;ku vkdf"kZr djus ds fy,] ek/;fed (secondary) jaxksa ds lkFk ÁkFkfed (primary) jaxksa dk lhfer iz;ksx dj ldrs gSaA tc dksbZ O;fä r`rh; Js.kh (tertiary) ds jax rFkk jaxksa ds uewuksa ds lfEeJ.k dh fo”kky la[;k ds xq.k /;ku esa j[kuk 'kq: dj nsrk gS rc mldh lkSan;Zijd vuqHkwfr (aesthetic sense) rFkk laL—fr (culture) dk fodkl mPp Lrj ij gksrk gSA ÁkFkfed (primary), ek/;fed (secondary) rFkk r`rh; Js.kh (tertiary) jaxksa esa lQsn jax feykus ls gYds lkSE; fVUV (mild tint) mRiUu gksrs gSa tks dykdkjksa rFkk mPp Lrj dh lkSan;Zijd vuqHkwfr (aesthetic sense) ds fy, cus gSaA jax pØ (colour wheel) cukuk lh[kus ls igys gesa vko”;d lkeku dk Kku gksuk egRoiw.kZ gSA
Lo;a tk¡p ç'u ç'u % 12345-
jax pØ fdlus vkSj dc cuk;k Fkk\ rhu ÁkFkfed jaxksa ds uke fyf[k,\ rhu ek/;fed jaxks ds uke fyf[k,\ rhu vYi ek/;fed jaxksa ds uke fyf[k,\ fjDr LFkku Hkfj, %&
i) ÁkFkfed jaxksa tSls ihys rFkk yky dks feykus ls _____ jax curk gSA ii) ÁkFkfed jaxksa tSls uhyk vkSj ihyk jax feykus ls _____ jax curk gSA iii) çkFkfed jaxksa] uhyk rFkk yky jax feykus ls _____ jax curk gSA
xfrfof/k (ACTIVITY) 1-
jax pØ (colour wheel) cukus ds fy, fuEufyf[kr dk;Z d{kk esa djsa 3
vko” vko”;d lkeku %
•
o yky] ihyk ,oa uhys jax dk ikjn”khZ dkx+t+ (cellophane paper) o 6** yEch] 12 ydM+h dh NM+h] xksan rFkk fpidkus dks inkFkZ rduhd (Method) %
•
o rhuksa ÁkFkfed (primary) jaxksa dk ikjn”khZ dkx+t+ (cellophane paper) yhft,A o rhuksa jaxksa ds ikjn”khZ dkx+t+ (cellophane paper) ls 7***x 7**** ds oxkZdkj VqdM+s dhft,A o oxksZa ds pkjksa vksj 6** dh ydM+h dh NM+h fpidkb,A o nks ÁkFkfed (primary) jaxksa dks ,d lkFk dqN va”k rd <dus (overlap) dh dksf”k”k dhft,] vkidks ek/;fed (secondary) jax çkIr gksaxsA o bUgsa <dus (overlap) ls çkIr gksus okys vyx vyx jax ij fVIi.kh dhft,A
4-4 nÙkdk;Z (ASSIGNMENT) 4-4-1 d{kk dk;Z
i) tks dk;Z vkius d{kk esa fd;k mlds çR;sd pj.k dh fVIi.kh (observation) fy[ksa rFkk bldk ÁLrqfrdj.k djsaA
4-4-2 Xk`g dk;Z ii) çkFkfEkd] ek/;fed o r`rh; Js.kh jax dh de ls de nks nks oLrq,¡ ,df=r djsaA
4-5 lkjka”k jax pØ esa eq[;r% fuEu jax gSa% • rhu ÁkFkfed jax & yky] ihyk ,oa uhyk • rhu ek/;fed jax & gjk] ukjaxh ,oa cSaxuh • N% r`rh; Js.kh ;k e/;orhZ jax & ihyk& ukjaxh] yky&ukjaxh] uhyk&gjk] ihyk&gjk] uhyk&cSaxuh rFkk yky&cSaxuh
4-6 Lo;a tk¡p ç” ç”uksa ds laHkkfor mÙkj % 1234-
lj~ vkbtkd U;wV~u (Sir Isaac Newton) 1666 esaA yky] uhyk ,oa ihykA ukjaxh ¼ihyk$yky½] gjk ¼uhyk$ihyk½] cSaxuh ¼yky$uhyk½A ukjaxh$gjk] gjk$cSaxuh rFkk cSaxuh$ukjaxhA
5- 1- fjDr LFkku Hkfj,% i) ii) iii)
ek/;fed gjk cSaxuh 4
4-7 vH;klkFkZ Á” Á”u (TERMINAL QUESTIONS) 1- jax pØ rFkk jaxksa ds rhu oxksZa ¼ çkFkfEkd] ek/;fed o r`rh; Js.kh jax½ ds fo"k; esa fyf[k,A 2- fHkUu fHkUu vk;q oxZ ds euq";ksa dh jaxksa ds çfr ilan fdl Ádkj fHkUu gksrh gS\
4-8 lanHkZ ,oa v/;;u ;ksX; iqLrds Lrdsa 1. Chijiiwa, H. 1987. Colour Harmony: A guide to creative colour combinations. Rockport Publishers, Rockport. 2. Stockton, J. 1984. Designer”s Guide to Colour-2. Chronicle Books, San Francisco. 3. Sutton, T. and Whelan, B. M. 2005. The Complete Colour Harmony. Rockport Publishers, Rockport. 4. http://www.tigorcolor.com
4-9 'kCnkoyh 1-fouksniw.kZ 2-lkoZHkkSfed 3-lkSan;Zijd vuqHkwfr
ftlls vkuUn dh vuqHkwfr gksrh gks gj txg ftlls lqUnjrk dk vglkl gks
5