ikB 6 xkbMykbal ,oa :yj dk iz;ksx (USING GUIDELINES AND RULER) lajpuk 6-0 mÌs’; 6-1 xkbMykbal ,oa :yj ls ifjp; 6-2 xkbMykbal 6-3 odZLisl :ylZ dks fu/kkZfjr djuk 6-4 vH;kl 6-5 nRr dk;Z 6-5-1 d{kk dk;Z 6-5-2 x`g dk;Z
6-6 lkjka’k 6-7 Lo;a tk¡p iz’uksa ds lEHkkfor mRrj 6-8 vH;klkFkZ iz’u 6-9 lanHkZ ,oa v/;;u ;ksX; iqLrdsa 6-10 'kCnkoyh
6 xkbMykbal ,oa :yj dk iz;ksx (USING GUIDELINES AND RULER) xkbMykbal] dksjy MªkW ist ij fu/kkZfjr NksVh js[kk,as gSa¼----------½] tks vkWCtsDV dh ml ist ij lgh fLFkfr fu/kkZfjr djrs gSaA lkFk gh] vki bu xkbMykbal dks viuh vko’;drkuqlkj :yj ij fDyd djds lek;ksftr dj ldrs gSaA ;g :yj dksjy MªkW foaMks ij gj le; miyC/k jgrk gSA vkb;s bl ikB esa xkbMykbal ,oa :yj dk iz;ksx djuk lh[krs gSaA
6-0 mÌs’; (Objectives) bl ikB dks i<+us ds i’pkr~ vki l{ke gksaxs% • ist eSustesaV le>us esaA • vkVZ odZ esa istksa dks bUlVZ ,oa fMyhV djuk • lgh igpku ds fy, use] jhuse djuk ¼uke nsuk vFkok uke cnyuk½
6-1 izLrkouk (Introduction) ,d fMt+kbuj ds fy, ;FkkFkZrk cgqr vf/kd egRo j[krh gSA VSDlVkby fMt+kbfuax esa ;fn eki dk /;ku j[kk tk,xk] rks eksfVQ cjkcj nwjh ij ugha fn[kkbZ nsaxs ftlls fMt+kbu esa ;FkkFkZrk ugha izrhr gksrh gSA
odZ Lisl ij fxzM cukuk ,d cgqr gh ljy dk;Z gSA xkbMykbal dks :yj ij ck;k¡ fDyd djds cuk;k tkrk gS] tks odZ Lisl ds lkFk lkFk fn[kkbZ nsrk gS ,oa mls MªSx Hkh fd;k tkrk gS ;g ikB ist eSustesUV es xkbMykbal ,oa :yj ds iz;ksx ls lEcU/k j[krk gSA 67
6-2 xkbMykbal (Guidelines) 6-2-1
ubZ xkbMykbu xkbMykbu cukuk (Create a New Guideline)
[kMs+ :yj ij fDyd djsa ,oa ofVZdy xkbMykbal dks vius ist ij MªSx djsaA tgk¡ vki xkbMykbal pkgrs gSa ogk¡ ij mls fLFkr djds] ekml cVu dks NksMnsaA blh izdkj lekukUrj xkbMykbal dks fu/kkZfjr djus ds fy, gkSfjtksUVy :yj ij fDyd djsa vkSj MªSx djsaA xkbMykbal dh fLFkfr dks cnyus ds fy, fDyd djds u;h fLFkfr ij MªSx djsaA yky jax esa ,d lsysDVM xkbMykbu fn[kkbZ nsxh] mls f[kldk;k tk ldrk gSA
6-2-2
xkbMykbu dks jksVsV djuk (Rotate Guideline)
xkbMykbu ij nks ckj fDyd djsaA og yky jax dh vkSj oØkdkj gks tk;sxhA çR;sd xkbMykbu ds var esa nksgjs ladsrkRed fu’kku] mHkj dj vk tk,saxsA xkbMykbu dks jksVsV djus ds fy, bu ladsrkRed fu’kkuksa dks fDyd ,oa MªSx djsaA vki xkbMykbu dks ?kqekrs le;] daVªksy dh dks nckdj] u;h fLFkfr ds dks.k dks 15 fMxzh dh c<+r ij fu;af=r dj ldrs gSaA fLFkfr fu/kkZfjr djsa vkSj ekml cVu NksM nsaA vki ?kqeko ds e/; fcUnq dks Hkh fDyd ,oa MSªx djds u;h fLFkfr fu/kkZfjr dj ldrs gSaA
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6-2-3 xkbMykbal ij vkWCtsDV LuSi djuk (Snap Objects to Guidelines) esu esU;w ij O;w esa tk;sa] vkSj LuSi Vw xkbMykbal ij fDyd djsaA ;g vkidh xkbMykbu dks ,d pqEcdh; xq.k iznku djrk gSA tc ,d vkWCtsDV dks xkbMykbu ds lehi ys tk;k tkrk gS] og fcuk ,d lgh fLFkfr ds Lor% gh fLFkfr fu/kkZfjr dj ysrk gSA LuSi Vw xkbMykbal gVkus ds fy, O;w ij tk,sa] vkSj LuSi Vw xkbMykbaal ij fDyd djsaA
6-2-4
xkbMykbal gVkuk (Turn Guidelines off)
xkbMykbal dks gVkus ds fy, O;w esa tkdj xkbMykbu ij fDyd djsaA xkbMykbu dks fMLIys djus ds fy, fQj O;w esa tkdj xkbMykbu lsysDV djsaA
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6-2-5 la[;kRed xkbMykbal fu/kkZfjr djuk (Set Guidelines Numerically) O;w esa tkdj xkbMykbal lsysDV djsaA vkWI’kUl lwph esa ls gkWfjtksUVy] ofVZdy vFkok LySUVsM dks pqusaA tgk¡ ij vki xkbMykbal fu/kkZfjr djuk pkgrs gSa ogk¡ ij la[;kRed fLFkfr fu/kkZfjr djsa vkSj ,SM ij fDyd djsaA vki dbZ xkbMykbal dks ,d gh le; esa Mky ldrs gSaA iwjk gks tkus ij vks ds ij fDyd djsaA
6-2-6
xkbMykbu dk jax cnyuk (Change Guideline Color)
esu eSU;w esa ls O;w ij tkdj xkbMykbu dks pqusaA dyj ¶ykbZ&vkmV ij fDyd djsa ,oa xkbMykbu ds fy, u;k jax pqusa vFkok dksjy MªkW dyj ekWMYl dh lEiw.kZ Js.kh ds fy, ^vnj^ (other) pqusaA
Lo;a tk¡p ç’u (Self-check Questions) 1- VSDLVkby fMt+kbuj ds dksjy MªkW iz;ksx djus ds fy, xkbMykbal ,oa dyj D;ksa vko’;d gSaA
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6-3
odZ Lisl :yj dk fu/kkZj.k (Set Workspace Rulers)
6-3-1
:yj dh bdkbZ fu/kkZfjr djuk (Set Ruler Unit)
vkWI’kUl lwph esa ls :ylZ dks pqusaA vius :ylZ ij tks bdkbZ vki iznf’kZr djuk pkgrs gSa] mUgsa] ;wfuV~l ¶ykbZ vkmV esa ls pqusaA ;fn vki [kM+s ,oa lekukUrj :ylZ ds fy, fofHkUu bdkb;k¡ pkgrs gSa rks [kM+s ,oa lekukUrj :ylZ ij ,d lHkh leku bdkb;ksa ls psd ekdZ gVk nsa vkSj bdkb;ksa dks vyx ls lsysDV djsaA
6-3-2 :yj dk izn’kZu gVkuk (Turn Ruler Display Off) :yj dk çn’kZu gVkus ds fy, O;w ij tkdj] :ylZ dks pqusaA nks ckjk fMLIys djus ds fy, fQj ls O;w ij tkdj :ylZ dks pqusaA ;fn vki vius dk;Z esa :ylZ dk iz;ksx ugha dj jgsa gSa] vki :yj dk fMLiys gVk dj odZ Lisl¼dk;Z {ks=½ çkIr dj ldrs gSa vkSj vko’;drkuqlkj gh fMLIys dj ldrs gSaA
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6-3-3 :ylZ ds fy, thjks ikWbaV dk fu/kkZj.k (Set Zero Point Rulers) gkWfjtksUVy ,oa ofVZdy :yj ds foHkktu ij cus vkbdu dks fDyd ,oa MSªx djsa ¼Åij ds fp= esa ihys jax ds vk;r ls gkbykbV fd;k x;k gS½A vki :yj ds fy, tgk¡ ij thjks¼’kwU;½ ikWbaV pkgrs gSa ogk¡ ij ØkWl ys;j dks fLFkr djsaA bl uewus esa t+hjksa ikWbaV dks vk;r ds Åijh] ck,sa dksus ij ys tk;k x;k gSA
6-3-4
Ldsy dk fu/kkZj.k (Set Scale)
O;w esa tkdj] fxzM ,oa :yj lsV vi dks pqusa vFkok vkI’kUl foaMks dks [kksyus ds fy, dyj ij nk;k¡ fDyd djsaA ,sfMV Ldsy ij fDyd djsaA bl lsfVax }kjk vki MD;wesaV ds Ldsy dk fu/kkZj.k dj ldrs gSa vFkkZr~ ist dk izR;sd baap
xfrfof/k (Activity) 1- dksjy ist ij gkWfjtksUVy ,oa ofVZdy xkbMykbal cuk,a] vc bu xkbMykbal dh lgk;rk ls jaxhu flfefVªdy T;ksesfVªdy fMtkbu dh jpuk djsaA
6-4 vH;kl (Exercises) 6 -4 -1 gkWfjtksUVy ,oa ofVZdy xkbMykbal cuk,saA 6 -4 -2 xkbMykbal ds ç;ksx ls vkWCtsDV~l cukuk ,d ist dks NksVs Hkkxksa esa ck¡Vus ds fy, xkbMykbal cgqr mi;ksxh gksrh gSaA ys&vkmV fMt+kbu djrs le; ;g vPNs lkadsfrd n`’; çnku djrh gSA 1. Vwy ckWDl ij tk,sa vkSj jsDVSaxy Vwy lsysDV djsaA 2. ekml dlZj dks] Åijh ck,as dksus ds lehi] tgk¡ xkbMykbal feyrh gSa ogk¡ ij j[ksaA 3. fupys nk;sa dksus dks fDyd o MSªx djsaA /;ku nsa fd fdl izdkj vk;r] xkbM ds vuqlkj cutkrk gSA 72
4. Lisl ckj dks nck;saA 5. O;w eSU;w ij tk,sa vkSj xkbMykbal lsVvi dks pqusa vFkok xkbMykbu ij nks ckj
fDyd djsaA 6. 'kks xkbMykbal dks fMlsysDV djsa] tks fupys ck,sa dksus ij fLFkr gSA 7. vks- ds- ij fDyd djsaA
fVi%& gkykafd xkbMykbal çnf’kZr ugha gks jgh gS] ij os viuh fLFkfr esa gksrh gS vkSj lfØ; gksrh gSA ;fn vki mUgsa nksckjk pkgrs gSa rks mUgsa vkWu dj ysaA ;s Qkby esa gh lsV jgrs gSa A LuSi Vw xkbMykbal] fMyhV lsfVax ugha gS] blfy, tc Hkh vki ,d u;h Qkby [kksyrs gSa vkidks bUgsa vkWu djuk iM+rk gSA 8. lso fd;s fcuk Qkby cUn dj nsaA
6-4-3
U;w MhQkWYV LVkby dk fu/kkZj.k (Setting A New Default Style)
vkmV ykbu ,oa fQy Vwy~l ds }kjk u;s dh jpuk djuk%& VwyckWDl ij tk,as→ fid Vwy /;ku j[kas fd dqN Hkh lsysDV u gqvk gks ¼,Ldsi dh nck,sa½ VwyckWDl ij tk,as→ fQy Vwy ¶ykbZ vkmV lfØ; (activate) djsa vkSj bufoft+cy fQy vkWI’ku lsysDV djsa ,d cM+k xA vki ;wfuQkWeZ fQy Mk;ykWx ckWDl ls çsfjr gksaxs tks vkidks lpsr djrk gS fd vki bl MkWD;wesaV dh fMQkWYV LVkby izkWiVhZt+ esa ifjorZu djus okys gSaA 5. vks- ds- ij fDyd djsaA xzkfQd vkWCtsDV~l ds fy,] u;k fQy LVkby] bufoft+cy ij lsV gks tkrk gSA ^^VªhV vkWy vkWCtsDV~l ,sl fQy~M** dks cUn djds vki bls uks fQy ij ifjofrZr dj ldrs gSaA 6. Vwy ckWDl ij tk,s → vkmV ykbu VwyA blls ,d ¶ykbvkmV cu tk,xkA 7. 2 ikWbaV vkmV ykbu cVu dks lsysDV djsa ¼nk;sa ls pkSFkk½A 8. vks- ds- ij fDyd djsaAfQj ls ,d Mk;ykWx ckWDl mHkj dj vkrk gS vkSj bl MkWD;wesaV esa çR;sd çdkj ds vkWCtsDV ds fy, vki MhQkWYV ds :i esa ,d js[kk cuk ldrs gSaA 9. ,d vk;r cuk,aA vk;r dk ,d eksVk ckWMZj gksxk vkSj dksbZ fQy ugha gksxkA 10. vk;kr dks fMyhV dj nsA lsysDVM ¼pqus gq,½ vkWCtsDV~l dks fMyhV dh }kjk vFkok ,sfMV eSU;w esa tkdj fMyhV fd;k tk ldrk gSA
1. 2. 3. 4.
6-4-4 vkW I’kUl Mk;ykWx }kjk MhQkWYV lsV djuk vkWI’kUl djuk (Setting defaults with Options Dialog) 1. VwYl eSU;w ij tk,sa→ vkWI’kUl → odZ Lisl→ Vwy ckWDl → jsDVSaxy VwyA 2. dksuksa dh xksykbZ dks 40 ij jhlsV djsaA 3. vks- ds- ij fDyd djsaA
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4. jsDVSaxy Vwy lsysDV djsa vkSj LØhu ij vk;r cuk,saA MhQkWYV] xksy dksuksa okys
vk;r esa ifjofrZr gks tk,xkA ;g ifjorZu dsoy dk;Zjr MkWD;wesaV ds fy, gh gSA 5. VwYl eSU;w ij tk,sa→ vkWI’kUl→MkD;wesaV → LVkbYlA 6. jkbV iSuy ij tk,sa vkSj MhQkWYV xzkWfQ+d fyfLVax dks ,sDLiSaM djsaA 7. fQy eSU;w dks MªkWi Mkmu djsa vkSj ;wfuQkWeZ fQy dks pqusa→ ,sfMV cVuA ;wfuQkWeZ fQy dyj iSysV mHkj dj vk tk,sxhA ;gk¡ vki cmyk fefDlax ,sfj;k ls jaxksa dks pqu ldrs gSa vFkok cuk ldrs gSaA ^eksj* cVu ml {ks= dks iznf’kZr djrk gSA tgk¡ vki jaxks dks uEcj }kjk crk ldrs gSaA 8. NksVs ckWDl dks Åijh nkfgus fdukjs dh vksj fQy dyj cnyus ds fy, ys tk,saA 9. vks- ds- ij fDyd djsaA 10. bu pj.kksa dks vkmV ykbu ds fy, fHkUu jaxksa dks pqurs gq;s vkmVykbu Mk;ykWx ds lkFk nksgjk,aA 11. vks- ds- ij fDyd djsaA tc rd vki vks- ds- lsysDV ugha djsaxs] vki ifjorZu ugha dj ldsaxsA 12. dqN vk;r cuk,saA vk;r ij fQy ,oa vkmVykbu dks xksykbZ okys dksuksa ds lkFk jaxsaA ;g lkjs xaq.k bl MkD;wesaV esa lHkh vk;rksa ds fy, ,d leku jgsaxs] tc rd fd vki muesa ifjorZu ugha djsaxsA 13. lsfVax dks okil MhQkWYV esa fu/kkZfjr djsa ftlesa uksdnkj dksus iryh js[kk,sa ,oa vn`’; fQy gksA
6-5
nRr dk;Z (Assignments) 6-5-1 i)
6-5-2 i)
d{kk dk;Z (Class Assignments) T;kferh; vkdkjksa dh lgk;rk ls xkbMykbu dk iz;ksx djrs gq;s Vscydoj dk fMt+kbu cuk,sa ¼mnkgj.k ds fy, fMt+kbu fp= esa fn[k;k x;k gS½A
x`g dk;Z (Home Assignments) dkxt+ dh ,d 'khV ij ,d ljy T;kferh; vkdkj cuk,sa vkSj viuh MªkWbax ds Åij cjkcj nwjh ij {kSfrt ,oa [kM+h js[kk,sa [khapas vkSj fxusa fd vkids }kjk cuk;k 74
gqvk vkdkj fdrus [k.Mksa esa foHkkftr gks x;k gSA vc xkbMykbu ds vuqlkj bu [k.Mksa dh voLFkkvksa dks O;ofLFkr djds vius cuk, vkdkj esa ifjorZu djsaA
6-6
lkjka’k (Summing Up)
ikB 6 esa geus] xkbMykbal :ylZ vkSj Ldsy ,oa MhQkWYV LVkbYl ds fu/kkZj.k ds ckjs esa lh[kkA vc ge ljy fMt+kbu dks dksjy esa cukus esa l{ke gks x;s gSA
6-7
Lo;a tk¡p ç’uksa ds lEHkkfor mRrj (Possible Answers to Selfcheck Questions)
1-
VsDLVkby fMt+kbfuax esa ;FkkFkZrk cgqr vf/kd egRo j[krh gS] ;fn eki ij /;ku ugha fn;k x;k rks eksfVQ+ fMt+kbuj dks cjkcj nwjh ij ugha çrhr gksrs gSaA fMt+kbu iSVuZ es fjne vkSj gkjeuh bUgha xkbMykbUl vkSj :yj }kjk vk ldrh gSA
6-8
vH;klkFkZ iz’u (Terminal Questions) 1. xkbMykbal cukus dh ljyre fof/k;ksa dks crkb;sA 2. lsysDVM xkbMykbu dk D;k jax gksrk gS\ 3. LuSi Vw xkbMykbu dk D;k vFkZ gS\
6-9
lanHkZ ,oa v/;;u ;ksX; iqLrdsa (Suggested Further Reading and References)
dksjy MªkW gSYi eSU;w
6-10 'kCnkoyh (Glossary) ;FkkFkZrk
fcuk fdlh xyrh ds
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