ghl« - 4 ãw¢r¡fu« Ϩj ghl¥Ãçé‹ myF 1-š, Ú¦fŸ ãw¦fë‹ K¡»a¤Jt¤ij¥ g‰¿¡ f‰ÖªfŸ. Ϩj myF ãw¢ r¡fu¤Â‰fhf xJ¡f¥g£LŸsJ. ÏJ ãw¤ bjhF¥ÃYŸs gšntW tif ãw¦fSl‹ gçnrhjidfis¢ brŒJ ghªª¥gš c¦fis <LgL¤J«. Ϫj ghl© ãw¢ r¡fu© k‰W© mš ml¦»ÍŸs mid¤J ãw¦fisÍ© g‰¿a go¥ig¤ jU©. mL¤j ghl¤Âš ãw¢r¡fu¤ij tiutj‰F eh© f‰W¡ bfhŸsyh©. k‰W©, Ϩj my»‹ filÁ¥ ghl¤Âš gšntW ãw¤ £l¦fis eh© nrh¤J¥ ghª¡fyh©. 4.0 neh¡f¦fŸ Ϫj¥ ghl« c§fS¡F KGãw¤ bjhF¥ig¥ g‰¿a xU ešy òçjiyÍ« xnu ghªitæš, xU ãw© v¨j tF¥ig¢ rhª¨jJ v‹gij milayh© fhQ© ÂwikiaÍ© më¡F© v‹W e©ò»‹nwh©. 4.1 m¿Kf« xU F¿¥Ã£l kdãiyia mik¡fnth, e« ftd¤ij têel¤jnth mšyJ xU Ôªkhd¤ij cUth¡fnth k‰W© xUtiu c‰rhf¥gL¤jnth mšyJ mikÂ¥gL¤jnth ãw¦fshš KoÍ© v‹W c¦fS¡F¢ brhšy¥g£oU¡F©. ešy gy‹ ju¡Toa tifæš mjid Ú¦fŸ ga‹gL¤j¡ f‰W¡ bfh§lhš, c¦fSila mÂf r¡ÂthŒ¨j totik¡F© fUéahf ãw© ÏU¡f ÏaY©. ãw¦fis éê¥òzªÎlD©, NœãiyfS¡F Ïir¨jh‰ nghyΩ ga‹gL¤Jtj‹ _ykhf, jiyÁw¨j éisÎfis eh© cUth¡f ÏaY©. Ϩj¥ ghl© ãw¢ r¡fu¤ij¥ g‰¿aJ k‰W© ãw¦fŸ v›éj© e©ik clyséY©, kdjséY© gh¡»‹wd v‹gij Ï¥ghl© és¡F»‹wJ. RU¦f¡ T¿dhš, rçahd ãw¤ bjhF¥ig¥ ga‹gL¤Jtj‹ _ykhf, Ïjkhd, neª¤Âahd mšyJ mikÂahd xU NHiy eh© cUth¡f ÏaY© k‰W© k»H¡Toa Ïsikahd xU njh‰w¤ij¤ juΩ ÏaY©. mjdhš, mid¤J VG ãw¦fŸ k‰W© mt‰¿‹ gšntWg£l Ïnyrhd k‰W© mlªãw nõ£fŸ, Ïsãw¦fŸ k‰W© tones M»a mid¤J©, x›bth‹W© rkkhd K¡»a¤Jt¤Jl‹, ãw cy»‹ é mšyJ bfhŸifia¥ bghW¤J xU Ãu¤Ânafkhd 1
Fig. 4.1 The Colour Wheel
Kiwæš mik¡f¥g£l r¡fu¤ij¥ g‰¿a xU RU¡fkhd go¥òl‹ eh« Jt§Fnth«. 4.2 ãw¢r¡fu«(Colour Wheel) gl« 4.1 ãw¢r¡fu« ãw¢ r¡fu« (Colour wheel) mšyJ ãwt£l© (Colour circle) v‹gJ, ãw¦fis xU¦»iz¥gj‰fhd xU mo¥gil¡ fUé MF©. (gl© 4.1), Ïj‹ Kjš t§z tiugl©, 1666-š rª Ir¡ ãô£l‹ v‹gtuhš totik¡f¥g£lJ. ãw¢r¡fukhdJ, mÂèU¨J vL¡»‹w v¨j xU ãwK©, e‹whf¤ njh‰wkë¡»‹w tifæš totik¡f¥g£LŸsJ. gy M§Lfshf, mo¥gilahf ÏU¨j oiråš gy khWghLfŸ brŒa¥g£L tU»‹wd. Mdhš äf¥ bghJthf tH¡»èU¥gJ, RYB (Red, Yellow, Blue) ãw§fis mo¥gilahf¡ bfh©l 12 ãw§fshyhd r¡funk MF«.
Ϫj¥ ghl¤Âš, ãw¢r¡fu© k‰W© Kj‹ik Ïu§lh© ãiy k‰W© Jiz Ïu§lh© ãiy ãw¦fŸ g‰¿ éth¡f¥gL»‹wJ. Kjšãiy Ïu§lh© ãiy, Jiz-Ïu§lh©ãiy k‰W© _‹wh© ãiy ãw¦fis x‹W nrª¤J, Vuhskhd ãw¦fis khztªfŸ cUth¡f ÏaY© tifæš, gæ‰ÁfŸ më¡f¥g£oU¡»‹wd 4.3 ãw¢r¡fu¤Âš cŸs gšntWg£l ãw¦fŸ 4.31 Kj‹ik ãw« (Primary colour) k‰w v¨j ãw¦fis¡ fy¥gjdhY©, Át¥ò, Úy© k‰W© kŠrŸ ãw¦fis c‰g¤Â brŒa ÏayhJ. vdnt Ïit Kj‹ik ãw¦fŸ vd miH¡f¥gL»‹wd. (gl© 4.2) Ϩj Kj‹ik ãw¦fis¥ gyéj¦fëš x‹W nrª¥gj‹ _ykhfnt, k‰w mid¤J ãw¦fS© cUth¡f¥gL»‹wd.
gl« 4.2 Fig. 4.2 Primary colours
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Kj‹ik ãw¦fŸ 4.3.2 Ïu§lh© ãiy ãw¦fŸ (Secondary colours) Kj‹ik ãw¦fis x‹W nrª¥gj‹ _ykhf, eh© Ïu§lh©ãiy ãw¦fis¥ bgW»‹wnh©. (gl© 4.3) MuŠR (kŠrŸ + Át¥ò), g¢ir (Úy« + kŠrŸ), Cjh (Purple) (Át¥ò + Úy«) 4.3.3 Jiz - Ïu§lh©ãiy ãw¦fŸ (Sub Secondary Colours) Ïu§lh© ãiy ãw¦fis¡ fy¥gj‹ _ykhf, Ϩj ãw¦fŸ cUth¡f¥gL»‹wd. (gl© 4.4) - MuŠR + g¢ir, g¢ir + Cjh k‰W© Cjh + MuŠR
Fig. 4.3 Secondary colours
Fig. 4.4 Sub-secondary colours
gl« 4.3 Ïu§lh© ãiy ãw¦fŸ gl« 4.4 Jiz Ïu§lh© ãiy ãw¦fŸ 4.3.4 _‹wh© ãiy mšyJ Ïilãiy ãw¦fŸ (Tertiary or intermediate colours) Kj‹ik k‰W© Ïu§lh©ãiy ãw¦fis x‹W nrª¥gj‹_y©, Ϩj ãw¦fŸ bgw¥gL»‹wd (gl© 4.5) Ϩj tifæš ãw¦fis x‹Wnrª¥gj‹ _ykhf, v§z‰w ãw¦fis cila xU ãw¢ r¡fu¤ij cUth¡f ÏaY«.
Fig. 4.5 Tertiary colours
gl« 4.5 _‹wh© ãiy ãw¦fŸ 3
bjh‹Wbjh£l fhy¦fëèU¨nj, kåjç‹ f§fS¡F xU tèikahd ÃugŠr mséyhd k‰W© mêéšyhj tÓfukhd x‹whf ãw© ÏU¨J tU»‹wJ. Ïj‹ ftª¢Á K‹ndW© tifæš bgU»tU»‹wJ. Kj‹ik ãw¦fŸ Ãufhrkhf ÏU¥gjhš, Ïit FH¨ijfshY© k‰W© gH¦fhy¤ÂduhY© bgçJ© éU©g¥gL»‹wd. ruhrç m¿Îila k¡fis¡ ftu nt§oa Ïl¦fëbyšyh©, Kj‹ik ãw¦fS¡nf K¡»a¤Jt© ju¥gl nt§L©. K‰ngh¡fhd fiy czªit tsª¤J¡ bfh§LŸs Ïs© gUt¤Âdª, Ïu§lh©ãiy ãw¦fis¥ ghuh£L»‹wdª. rhjhuz k¡fë‹ ftd¤ij¡ ftu F¿¥Ã£l msÎ Ïu©lh« ãiy ãw§fis mÂf mséyhd Kj‹ik ãw¦fSl‹ nrª¤J¥ ga‹gL¤j¥gl nt§L©. v¥bghGJ xUtª j‹Dila uridia _‹wh© ãiy k‰W© bgUkséyhd ãw¡fyitf£F kh‰¿¡ bfhŸs¤ bjhl¦F»‹whnuh m¥nghJ mtUila fiy k‰W© g§gh£L m¿é‹ tsª¢Á xU nk©g£l ãiyæYŸsJ v‹W bghUŸ. Kj‹ik, Ïu§lh© ãiy k‰W© ãiy ãw¦fSl‹, bt§ik ãw¤ij¡ fy¥gj‹ _ykhf¡ fiyPªfS© k‰W© nk‹ikahd fiyÍzªÎ cila k¡fS© éU©ò© tifæyhd, bgU© v§â¡ifæyhd Ïsãw¦fŸ cUth¡f¥gL»‹wd. ãw¢r¡fu¤ij v›thW cUth¡f nt§L© v‹gij¡ f‰gj‰F K‹ghf, mj‰F¤ njitahd bghU£fis¤ bjç¨J bfhŸtJ äfΩ K¡»akhdJ. j‹d¿Î¢ nrhjid édh¡fŸ 1) ãw¢ r¡fu¤ij totik¤jtª ahª k‰W© v¥bghGJ totik¤jt®? 2) Kj‹ik ãw¦fŸ‹ bgaªfis F¿¥ÃLf 3) Ïu§lh© ãiy ãw¦fë‹ bgaªfis F¿¥ÃLf 4) Jiz - Ïu§lh© ãiy ãw¦fë‹ bgaªfis¡ F¿¥ÃLf 5) nfho£l Ïl§fis ãu¥òf i) Kj‹ik ãw¦fshd kŠrŸ k‰W© Át¥Ã‹ fyit ------ ãw¤ij c‰g¤Â brŒ»‹wJ ii) Kj‹ik ãw¦fshd Úy© k‰W© kŠrë‹ fyit ---- ãw¤ij c‰g¤Â brŒ»‹wJ. iii) Kj‹ik ãw¦fshd Át¥ò k‰W© Úy¤Â‹ fyit ----. ãw¤ij c‰g¤Â brŒ»‹wJ. 4
4.4 xU ãw¢r¡fu¤ij cUth¡Ftj‰F¤ njitahd bghU£fŸ Át¥ò, kŠrŸ k‰W© Úy ãw¦fëš cŸs brnyh~bg‹ (Cellophane) fh»j« gir - ~bgé¡fhš (Fevicol), f«(gum) 6`` Ús« bfh©l 12 ku¡F¢ÁfŸ braš ãw¢r¡fu¤ij cUth¡Ftj‰F, ËtU© braš tF¥Ãnyna brŒa¥gl nt§L©. _‹W Kj‹ik ãw¦fëš cŸs brnyh~bg‹ fh»j¤ij vL¤J¡bfhŸ. _‹W ntWg£l ãw¦fëY© 7” x 7” msÎ rJu§fis bt£obaL. rJu¤Â‹ 4 g¡f¦fëY©, Ú it¤JŸs 6” ku¡F¢Áfis x£L xnu rka¤Âš, Ïu§L Kj‹ik ãw¦fis x‹¿‹ nknyh‹W it¡f Ka‰Á brŒ, Ú Ïu§lh© ãiy ãw¦fis¥ bgWthŒ. mt‰iw x‹¿‹ nkbyh‹W it¡f Ka‰Á brŒ k‰W© mjdhš Ú bg‰w ntWg£l ãw¦fis¡ f§L, mt‰iw F¿¤J¡ bfhŸ. 4.5 gæ‰ÁfŸ 4.5.1 tF¥ò¥ gæ‰Á Ú tF¥Ãš brŒJ Ko¤j braè‹, x›bthU goæY© Ú f§l¿¨j F¿¥òfis vGJ. k‰W© mij it¤J 4,5,2 Å£L¥ gæ‰Á Kj‹ik, Ïu§lh©ãiy k‰W© _‹wh© ãiy M»a x›bthU tif ãw¤ÂY« FiwªjJ Ïu©L bghU£fis¢ nrfç. 4.6 ghl¢RU¡f« _‹W Kj‹ik ãw¦fŸ - Át¥ò, kŠrŸ, Úy© _‹W Ïu§lh© ãiy ãw¦fŸ - g¢ir, MuŠ¢, Cjh MW _‹wh© ãiy mšyJ Ïilãiy ãw¦fŸ - kŠrŸ-MuŠ¢, Át¥ò-MuŠ¢, Úy©-g¢ir, kŠrŸ-g¢ir, Úy«-Cjh k‰W© Át¥ò-Cjh 4.7 j‹d¿Î¢ nrhjid édh¡fS¡fhd jF¨j éilfŸ 1) rª Ir¡ ãô£l‹, 1666š 2) Át¥ò, Úy© k‰W© kŠrŸ 3) MuŠR (kŠrŸ + Át¥ò), g¢ir(Úy« + kŠrŸ), Cjh (Át¥ò+Úy«) 5
4) MuŠR + g¢ir, g¢ir+Cjh k‰W© Cjh+MuŠ¢ 5) i) Ïu©lh« ãiy ii) g¢ir iii) Cjh 4.8 édh¡fŸ 1) ãw¢r¡fu© k‰W© Kj‹ik, Ïu§lh©ãiy k‰W© _‹wh©ãiy ãw¦fsh»a _‹W ãw¥ÃçÎfŸ M»at‰iw¥ g‰¿ vGJ. 2) ntWg£l taij¢ nrª¨j k¡fë‹ ãwéU¥g¦fŸ v›thW khWgL»‹wd? 4.9 ghªit¡F cf¨j Ãw üšfŸ 4.10 brhšyfuhÂ
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