report

Architectural Design Project ARC60108

Final Comprehensive Design Report RUDY IRAWAN 0328658

MR. ERIC

TABLE CONTENT : 1.0 Project Background 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Project Aims 2.0 Site Introduction and Contextual Studies 2.1 Site Introduction 2.2 Historical Background 2.3 Macro Site Analysis 2.4 Micro Site Analysis 3.0 Design Intention & Strategy 3.1 Design Intention 3.2 Site Issues and Proposed Programme 3.3 Design Strategy 3.4 SIte Response 3.5 Design Consideration 3.6 Design Development 4.0 Environmental and Technological Strategy 4.1 Orientation 4.2 Sustainability Concept 4.3 Energy Conservation Feature 4.4 Structural Concepts 5.0 Final Design

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

Rudy Irawan 0328658

1.0 PROJECT BACKGROUND

1.1 INTRODUCTION The design brief calls for a proposal of a Culture and Innovation Center along Jalan Maharani, Muar. As the site is situated around the Maharani Royal town, hence the aim of the design is to build a key landmark of the site, which is an urban attractor and people generator, a magnet to attract people from different places in Malaysia and countries to visit and stay in the place.

Culture and Innovation Center calls for a culture preservation and evoke the sense of place of the site as well as diverse activities of different genres provided for the users. Vibrant and accessible public place by the people and for the people that also acts as extended public facility and new public attraction to boost the tourism traffic.

1.2 PROJECT AIMS ●

Project answers the lack of prominent public and activity center, which will keep people to stay instead of driving to Malacca and nearby cities for nightlife

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The new node establishes sustainability to the place as possible income boost to the city of Muar

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Establish a place sd possible venue, avenue or center to showcase the culture, tradition and creative work of the people of Muar. Specially now as it is now recognized as Malaysia’s Furniture Capital

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Possibly create an iconic image ( through its architecture) a culture and innovative center that as a new landmark and image for the city

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A place that can promote Muar to the world in terms of it food culture, herbs and spices, streets art (Murals), furniture making and as the cleanest city in ASEAN Region

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

2.0 SITE INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXTUAL STUDIES 2.1 SITE INTRODUCTION The site is located at Jalan Maharani, a major road in Bandar Maharani, a royal town in Muar, Johor. Seated at the fork of the junction, along with rows of traditional shophouses, opposite to Bentayan Bus Terminal with a pedestrian bridge linked to the site.

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Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

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2.0 SITE INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXTUAL STUDIES 2.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND The district was formerly divided administratively into Bandar Maharani municipality and Tangkak township. Upon upgrade of Tangkak sub-district to full-fledged Tangkak District (initially Ledang), Bandar Maharani is now administered by Muar Municipal Council (formerly South Muar Town Council, later Muar Town Council) under the Muar District Office, while Tangkak of Ledang is administered by Tangkak Town Council (formerly North Muar Town Council) under the Tangkak (formerly Ledang) District Office.

1880S

The Sultan and Temenggong introduced Kangchu system and actively encouraged the Chinese leaders to set up new gambier and pepper plantations along Muar river. Large sum of Chinese immigrants was brought into these plantations to work as agricultural settlers and labourers. As a result, spice trade grows in popularity and attracts traders from India.

1960S

Influx of Chinese settlers results in the demand of basic amenities which eventually forms the development of Bandar Maharani as administrative and trading hub to serve the growing population. The establishment of ferry services across the river and the railway links the suburbs to town brings in the Malay – majority community in search of better opportunities.

2000-PRESENT

Sultan Ismail Bridge was built to allow access from the North, bringing people across the river to town which eventually formulates a balanced ratio of Malay and Chinese populations, with a small percentage of Indian population. Despite their differences, they are proud to be collectively identified as Muarians.

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

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2.3 MACRO SITE ANALYSIS LANDUSE Traditional Trades (22.8%) Despite the shift in lifestyle, there are prevailing inherited businesses which thrive within today’s modern commercial market, such as dried seafood produce, old optical store, traditional Chinese medicine, clothing store, gold pawn, etc. However, several of these traditional trades are placed out of business due to technological advancement, such as the traditional mee suah business along Jalan Abdullah.

Commercial Trades (59.5%) The shift in economy during 21st century has pushed many family businesses to an end, thus making their lots open for lease. Modern offices and commercial businesses, such as telecommunication services, cafĂŠs, hardware suppliers, convenience stores, etc, have made their way into Muar to gradually replace the traditional trades.

Vacant (17.7%) It was observed that some of the traditional trades could not cope with the impending economy trend which results into them either being abandoned or open for lease.

Decline in Traditional Trades & Cultures Traditional businesses are not flourishing as it used to be. Its identity (inheritance in traditions) is fading away, which induces a loss in each district’s character.

Vacant

Commercial Trades

Traditional Trades

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

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2.3 MACRO SITE ANALYSIS DISTRICT

Formerly, Muarians’ lifestyle depicts each street with a distinctive character annotating the first and second street, Jalan Maharani and Jalan Abdullah as a commercial district, due to its strategic location facing the waterfront and near to the bridge directing the traffic into these two streets. The third and fourth street, Jalan Meriam and Jalan Ali, are more towards the leisure setting whereby mostly cinemas and food make up the street. The last couple streets, Jalan Daud and Jalan Arab was a residential district.

Following the economic trend and rise in machinery production, Muarians’ life has turned into a reformed commercial business district. A large portion of traditional business and leisure business has adapted with the people needs in services and products. This as a result formulates the unified commercial district. With this in mind, locations of businesses are mixed, with certain traditional businesses thriving in a scattered manner throughout the town of Muar.

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

Rudy Irawan 0328658

2.3 MACRO SITE ANALYSIS CULTURAL NODES

Cultural Fragments

Sustenance Through A Common Node

As a result of the change in land-use and district, the cultural activities are scattered within the confines of Muar. Despite the decline of cultures and traditions, the government persists into establishing these separated nodes due to its cultural significance as an effort to revitalize the town

Before each of these cultures cease to exist, re-establishing a new node / hub (cultural and innovation centre) with complementing programmes could be a better solution to sustain the cultures of Muar as an entity, meanwhile serving other purposes benefiting the town, eg: platform for cultural exchange, a place for the Muarians and tourists to meet and linger around, etc.

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

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2.3 MACRO SITE ANALYSIS PATH Aged Local > 60 y/o The aged locals make up the majority of regular customers visiting the traditional businesses due to the sentimental value they have to the site.

Locals (Student, Young & Working Adults) < 60 y/o The younger generation are constantly fixated on their final destination with no interest in the context along the journey. This reduces the opportunity of young generation to inherit the traditional businesses due to the lack of interest.

Tourist Tourists are in favour of mostly significant cultural nodes which are tourist-targeted and not frequented by locals. Consequently, there will be little to no interaction between tourists and locals.

Artisans Most of the artisans are old, but they are still continuing their traditional family inherited business. The lack of interest among younger generation sparks an uncertainty for the future of these businesses.

Street Vendors The food stalls dominating the food street have existed and built an essence on the place over time. However, they face the risk of being repositioned and driven out due to its temporal condition, which may result in the loss of food culture.

Aged Local

Locals

Tourist

Artisans

Street Vendors

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

2.3 MACRO SITE ANALYSIS SHARED IDENTITY, CULTURE, AND HERITAGE Cultural Celebrations Through the interviews, the sharing culture is deeply rooted into the hearts of Muarians. For instance, during cultural parade such as Nine Emperor Gods Festival, the Malays are seen performing their kompang while the Indians perform beats with their urumi melam.

“Tumpang” Lifestyle True to its word, Muarians practice a tumpang lifestyle in both personal and economic aspect. They can be seen tumpang-ing half empty table in a restaurant without the need of asking. Similarly, Chinese vendors will share a part of their store for Malay vendors.

Food Besides its historical value, Muar is also known for its delicious local food. Tourists travelling from Johor Bahru up North will usually stop by at Muar to enjoy coffee and satay as breakfast before continuing their journey. To name a few, otak-otak, oyster omelette and mi bandung are Muar’s most famous local delights which can be enjoyed by all.

Culture Muar’s internationally known lion dance troupe KSK is Muarians’ pride due to their impressive records. In performing arts, Chinese opera still thrives within the Chinese clans during festivals. Ghazal and Zapin Dance are traditional artistic heritage of the Malays and are mostly performed in competitions or ceremonies in town.

Texture & Materiality The variety of texture and materiality contributes to the visual clutter and building language of the town along the years, which creates a distinctive character for the town as a whole. Its unique character on the urban fabric should be taken into account in the design of cultural and innovation center later.

Building Facade More than a century old shophouses reflect the Muarians and their way of life, forming a collective image of the city over time. Despite the variation of architectural styles depicted on the heritage buildings, it produces a harmonic and unified rhythm.

Continuity of façade can be taken into consideration for the design of cultural and innovation center, or vice versa.

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Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

2.3 MACRO SITE ANALYSIS SHARED IDENTITY, CULTURE, AND HERITAGE

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Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

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2.4 MICRO SITE ANALYSIS DEFINING BOUNDARIES

FROM BARRIER TO PERMEABLE BOUNDARY

Circulation

A Common Ground

The edges are determined by two main circulation routes directing into town, with both in one-way direction. All roads intersect and converge into Jalan Maharani. This results in two loops which circulates the site and defines the area of study.

Aside from the edges we define as the area of study, the site also sits within the common area whereby the two districts, residential and commercial meet.

Permanent Barrier

This Is an opportunity for the cultural and innovation centre to bridge connection among both districts by formulating a meeting and sharing point which is derived from the common characteristics between these two social groups

The retaining wall along Muar River directly stops people from accessing it, emphasizing the disconnection between land and river.

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

Rudy Irawan 0328658

2.4 MICRO SITE ANALYSIS SWOT Analysis Strength ● Existing public transport within walking distances, transporting thousand of commuter everyday around the site ● The site is situated at the intersection of main circulation of pedestrian path, engaging passerby and users of public transport to use the building ● Flat surface topography of the site allows easier estimation and management of construction and design.

Weakness ● Heavy traffic of transport due to its main street function ● Lack of shading devices lead to exposed sunlight

8 am – 12 pm -The two eateries along the site, Cafe 434 and Chai Kee Kopitiam are observed to have increased intensity of people dining in these renowned places for breakfast.

-Vehicles queue by the side of the Jalan Abdullah outside Chung Hwa Primary School during weekdays to drop-off their children.

-The Chinese temples, Nan Hai Fei Lai and Guan Yin Hall, are observed to have high intensity of prayer activities among the locals.

-Intensity increases along time as people head towards Bentayan Bus Terminal to depart away from Muar to other cities.

Opportunities ● The site is surrounded by nodes such as public transport and port, heavy human traffic around the site ● Pedestrian bridge directly connected to the building from the bus terminal, allows pedestrian and commuter to access the building directly

Threats ● Located adjacent to Bentayan RIver, flooding problem occurs periodically during rainy season ● High exposure toward water deteriorates some structure nearby and high noise intensity around the site

12 pm – 5 pm

5 pm – 10 pm

-Bentayan Bus Terminal remains busy at intervals in time.

-A temporal spontaneous node is created along Jalan Maharani in front of the Bentayan Bus Terminal as passengers are occasionally dropped off and picked up.

-Jalan Abdullah becomes active as students of Chung Hwa Primary School are picked up along this street.

-Restoran Renney’s Satay is a well-known eatery among the locals for its satay and Mi Bandung during meal time.

-Intensity gradually decreases for Bentayan bus terminal as the bus schedule is less frequented towards the night.

-High Intensity of contact point at the hall of Chung Hwa Primary School during weekends where meditation is practiced among the aged locals.

-Car park space turns into Pasar Medan Selera food bazaar as a night hotspot for eatery.

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

Rudy Irawan 0328658

2.4 MICRO SITE ANALYSIS LANDMARK MEMORY OF SPACES Aside from landmarks being served as a form of wayfinding, it is experienced through serial vision that these points also serve as memory of a place as the constant and distinctive visual relation among people and built form concords. The landmarks are identified according to the following factors:

Historical Significance Entering the town through Sultan Ismail bridge, one will be first welcomed by the Bandar Maharani archway which emphasizes the image of a royal town as a first impression. While exiting town, one will notice the Muar clock tower at the traffic junction before leaving through the Bandar Maharani archway. The strong start and end of visual experience leaves a strong perception of the site.

Spontaneity The continuous visual experience along Jalan Maharani is suddenly interrupted by the overhead bridge, shifting the visual focus right onto the site.

Design Consideration The cultural and innovative centre could be turned into a meaningful landmark in terms of usage, instead of just a structure for wayfinding.

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

Rudy Irawan 0328658

2.4 MICRO SITE ANALYSIS SITE’S REQUIREMENTS

Site Area 2365 sqm

Building Setback Front: 8.096 m (26.561’) Side: 6.096 m (20’)

Built-Up Area 60% or less of site area (free standing building)

Plot Ratio Maximum 5 floors

Parking Requirement (In Accordance To Brief) 20 car parking lots 2 handicap car parking lots 2 service parking lots

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

Rudy Irawan 0328658

2.4 MICRO SITE ANALYSIS PRECEDENT STUDIES Singkawang Cultural Center

Previously an old cinema with little to no business, PHL Architects took up the challenge to refurbish through adaptive reuse and reprogram it into the cultural centre today which serves as a platform to officially showcase the diversified cultures of Singkawang.

Response: Imposing A Common Node The cultural centre aims to act as a common node to pull the younger generation together while serving as a hangout hotspot. The cultural programme also aims to instill awareness towards the diminishing cultures of Singkawang.

Ballet Memphis: A Dance Center

Ballet Memphis had outgrown its current space and wished to move to a thriving performance arts district in the heart of the city with a unique facility. The building opens up to the programme for Ballet Memphisâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; professional company and classrooms for youth and community dance instruction. Ballet Memphis Cultural Dance Centre intention was to engage the public with its appealing programme: dance.

Design Consideration: A Cultural Centre For Public Rejuvenation It is studied whereby the notion was to adhere a captivating node which integrates cultures activity complementing with one another and thus creating a new trend of positive culture to interrelate with the growing commercial and the neighbourhood district.

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

Rudy Irawan 0328658

3.0 DESIGN INTENTIONS AND STRATEGIES 3.1 DESIGN INTENTION

3.2 SITE ISSUES AND PROPOSED PROGRAM

Located adjacent to the Bentayan river, the site sits beside the pedestrian walkway that links jalan Maharani and jalan Abdullah. Vary of nodes linked by the site, yet none ables to anchor the people. A mundane passage with no focal point as magnet, thus wasted lane of opportunity.

Lack of anchor point to hold on visitor or even local. Mundane and the absence of the youth also worsen the current condition, as people only come for necessity activity due to the lack of optional and social activity around the site. Although surrounded by different nodes which is the people generator, yet people still treat the site as a passing point during their journey

The proposed culture and innovative center would be focused on introducing Muarâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s signature which are spices and herbs that has been passed from generation to generation and at the same time reminisce the golden era of Muar. Users will be able to learn the processing of spices and herbs changed to consumable product and other implementation outside food consumption such as perfume and essential oil making. Ignites the creativity of users by making art using spices colouring and participates in handcraft making of herbs. Age free activity allows dialogue in between young and old, smoothen the process of passing down the baton of legacy The pedestrian walkway connecting the Bentayan terminal to the proposed CIC channels and direct visitors to ensure the space is constantly active. The intention is to re-inventing the street which enliven the passage and creates lane of attraction to enhance the pedestrian experience quality during their journey. The pedestrian street propels the flow of people, program and activity needed to activate the entire site. Therefore, the street plays important role in linking the architecture to the surroundings.

Limited knowledge in innovating spices and herbs as people attractor causing the lack of variety in vendor doing their business as the spices and herbs only treated for food consumption only. Youth who seek for effervescence left this place with low chance to come back and make a living. Youth is the keypoint in passing the legacy and preserve the passed tradition. Limited platform and lack of experience also hinder the local to improve and experimenting in creating a new trend to attract visitor

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

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3.0 DESIGN INTENTIONS AND STRATEGIES 3.3 DESIGN STRATEGY

1. THOROUGHFARE Continuous pavement walk into the building create street like design, channels the pedestrian into the building through the paved path

2. VISUAL POROSITY Allow the street to see and to be seen, visual connection along the street with the adjacent space

3. URBAN CONNECTOR Street design allow the connection between surrounding nodes and acts as a transition route for pedestrian and cyclist

4. URBAN SQUARE Creating a central that accessible through every entry points. Focal point of gathering and vary of activities happening

5. AROUND AND ABOUT

6. NATURE ELEMENTS

The layout encourages continuous circulation for visitor to linger around, branched circulation throughout the space

include water features and take in vegetation as part of the design which soften the harsh landscape, coherency with the existing river and plantation box along the adjacent river

3.4 SITE RESPONSE Implementation of Canopy patching inspired by the street vendors on site, bringing in people through shading and enhance the circulation experience

Setback from the river which allow a passage connection of Jalan Maharani and Abdullah and direct people

Landscaping of water feature and planter box around the pavement walk creates coherence between the existing context and the proposed CIC

Continuous pavement walk continuing the adjacent path, bridging the continuity of the shophouses to the back lane

Continuous bridge connecting 2 different nodes and act as channeler for pedestrian bridge user to pass through the proposed CIC

Facade consist of combined vent blocks arranged in orderly manner which allow air through the porosity and mimic the shophouses frontage language

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

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3.0 DESIGN INTENTIONS AND STRATEGIES 3.5 DESIGN CONSIDERATION RE-INVENT THE STREET Inner pedestrian street propels the flow of people, program and activity needed to activate the entire site. The pedestrian street serves as a meeting place, both spontaneous and planned, due to series of interactive activities, pocket gardens and plaza that appear along the way, creates a street that also provides multiple standpoints to observe the ongoing activity and allow dialogue between people to happen during their journey. Cultivating an active engagement by responding to the daily lifestyle of the people in or visiting Muar.

STREET OF FOOD

STREET OF ART AND INSTALLATION

STREET OF PERFORMANCE

The CIC is proposed as multi-event pedestrian street to host food, art & installation, and Muar related performance events all year round. surrounded by pocket gardens of Mint shrubs and herbal infused water around the inner street. Aroma from the infused water approaches user in smell sense which enhances the space quality along this street. Installing water feature to create coherence with the river while Smell problem caused by the Bentayan River can be tackled

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

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3.0 DESIGN INTENTIONS AND STRATEGIES 3.6 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

1. EXISTING CONTEXT

2. AXIS OF CIRCULATION

3. SCALE

Full massing based on the setback while preserving the Adami spice shop and include the pedestrian bridge as part of design consideration

Extended bridge which cut through the whole structure and connect both streets.

Bringing in circulation through the pavement walk in the center of the CIC

Structure height of each block adapt to the adjacent building to maintain the rhythm of skyline on the site

4. PROTRUSION & EXTRUSION

5. ROOF LAYERING

6. CANOPY PATCHING

Protruded and extruded mass in within in response to the surrounding node and to create channeling pathway between the pavement walk

Installation of pitched and slanted roof mimics the adjacent shophouses roofing, harmony of covering

Canopy inspired by the street markets are used to patch the circulation for shading.

Light, wind, and rainwater partially permeates through the skin, allows implementation of nature experience within the space

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

Rudy Irawan 0328658

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL STRATEGY 4.1 ORIENTATION SOLAR ANALYSIS

SUN EXPOSURE The site has less shading devices around perimeter. It receives direct sunlight exposure throughout the day causing the area to be hot. With the amount of human traffic and activities, it creates more heat to the site

WIND ANALYSIS

WIND FLOW Wind are most prominent around south and southeast.

In order to achieve thermal comfort, placement and orientation is considered throughout the design process

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

Rudy Irawan 0328658

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL STRATEGY 4.2 SUSTAINABILITY CONCEPT

ECO Steel The use of steel for construction offers a green solution at a time when environmental conservation has become very important in the country. Steel structure are also an easily movable and transportable solution

Canopy Patching Reduce direct sunlight into the spaces.

Dynamic texture form a facade expression that is both cohesive, repetitive, and playful

Brick Wall Light coloured brick walls used to reflect sunlight. Light Colour also help to cool down the material faster

Vent Block Facade utilizing vent blocks allow air to penetrate through the porosity which is intended for indoor cooling and stack ventilation of the proposed CIC

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

Rudy Irawan 0328658

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL STRATEGY 4.3 ENERGY CONSERVATION FEATURE

Stack and Cross Ventilation Let the air to circulate throughout the building to achieve thermal comfort and prevent overheating of the spaces inside

Void Double volume space in the middle of the building allow air and heat to dissipate efficiently and enhance the space quality inside

Landscaping Water feature and greenery in the building allow space cooling through nature as the media

Facade Vent blocks and bricks as facade element to allow wind pass through the spaces through the facade porosity

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL STRATEGY 4.4 Structural Concept

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Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL STRATEGY 4.4 Structural Concept

Rudy Irawan 0328658

Architectural Design Project ARC60108 - Final Comprehensive Design Report

5.0 FINAL DESIGN

PRESENTATION BOARD

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