ZOONOOZ
®
SAN DIEGO ZOO GLOBAL
JULY 2017
Babirusas Francois’ Langur Baby Nubian Ibex Kijamii Overlook
SPECIAL DINING EVENTS THIS SUMMER AT
featuring Malahat Spirits Co. Saturday, July 22, 2017
featuring ONEHOPE Wines Saturday, August 5, 2017
The evening begins with a visit from our animal ambassadors, followed by a four-course gourmet meal prepared by Safari Park Chef Joshua Mireles. A representative from San Diego’s Malahat Spirits Co. will be on hand to present spirits selected for each course. For adults 21 years of age and older. Guests will be seated at tables of eight. Cost is $94 per person, plus tax and parking.
Following a visit from our animal ambassadors, enjoy a four-course gourmet meal prepared by Safari Park Chef Joshua Mireles. A representative from ONEHOPE will be on hand to present wines selected for each course. For adults 21 years of age and older. Guests will be seated at tables of eight. Cost is $89 per person, plus tax and parking.
TO MAKE RESERVATIONS, PLEASE CALL 619-718-3000 OR VISIT SDZSAFARIPARK.ORG/DINING.
Saturday, September 9, 2017 Join us for a special evening to meet some of our fantastic animal ambassadors and learn how we are saving birds like the California condor from extinction. Highlights will include an inspiring presentation by Safari Park bird keepers about conservation efforts in Africa, South America, Mexico, and the United States, as well as International Vulture Awareness Day. Guests will be seated at tables of eight. Cost is $69.95 person, plus tax and parking.
July 2017 VOL. XC–NO. 04
Graphically Speaking 8 Close Partners
Fig trees and fig wasps are a natural team! BY AMY BLANDFORD AND KAREN E. WORLEY
Cover Story
10 A Golden Opportunity
Raising a langur baby took a (multispecies) village. BY KAREN E. WORLEY
Features
16 Twilight Tradition
Drop by the new Watering Hole at the Park’s Kijamii Overlook. BY DONNA PARHAM
18 Curves Ahead
Nubian ibex will be turning heads at Africa Rocks. BY ESTON ELLIS
20 Tusk, Tusk
The babirusa is a pig like no other. BY PEGGY SCOTT
24 Astonishing Cycads
Two extraordinary cycads have put down roots at the Zoo. BY WENDY PERKINS
More
2 Nooz Notes 26 Support 28 In the Field ON THE COVER AND THIS PAGE: Francois’ langur Trachypithecus francoisi PHOTOS BY: Ken Bohn, SDZG Photographer
N O OZ N OT E S
Coquerel’s sifaka, $19.99
Blue-eyed black lemur, $19.99
Vervet monkey, $19.99
2 / ZOONOOZ / JULY 2017
CHAIRMAN’S NOTE ROBERT B. HORSMAN
Become a Citizen Scientist
Red-collared lemur, $19.99
L Ring-tailed lemur, $19.99
WHAT’S IN STORE?
Plush Pals
What better way to get in the swing of Conrad Prebys Africa Rocks than to take home a cuddly version of some of its biggest stars? Choose from a blue-eyed black lemur, vervet monkey, Coquerel’s sifaka, red-collared lemur, or ring-tailed lemur. Each measuring 20 inches long, these plush primates are ready to rock—and they are only available at Zoo and Safari Park gift shops or at shopzoo.com.
ast month, we celebrated World Giraffe Day on June 21, with a variety of activities at the Zoo to help visitors discover more about these iconic African animals. People are often surprised to learn that giraffes are threatened. Unlike elephants, rhinos, and big cats such as tigers, the decline of giraffes has gone largely unnoticed until recently. They are currently listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, largely due to habitat loss and poaching. However, giraffes are one of the species that we are working to save from extinction. Researchers from San Diego Zoo Global are working with other organizations and local communities in Kenya to implement community-based conservation, using trail cameras and GPS tracking devices to monitor, protect, and learn more about reticulated giraffes in two large conservancy areas. On World Giraffe Day, we launched an exciting part of this project: a “citizen science” component that you can participate in, called Wildwatch Kenya. The researchers have gathered hundreds of thousands of photos from the trail cameras, and each one must be viewed to identify the giraffes and other wildlife in them—but with only a few researchers, that would take a long time. And that’s where our members, supporters, and visitors come in. All you need is internet access on any device, and you can join volunteers from around the world to use a simple website to review and categorize the photos. It’s easy and fun, but best of all, you will make a difference in helping the giraffe researchers make progress on this important initiative. If you are interested in participating, visit the website wildwatchkenya.org. Sign up and create a login, and you can lend a hand in helping to save Africa’s iconic giraffes.
SAN DIEGO ZOO GLOBAL / SANDIEGOZOO.ORG / 3
N O OZ N OT E S
Save the Date What’s happening at the Zoo and Park this month and next (Z) Zoo events (P) Park events THROUGH AUGUST 13 Summer Safari presented by your San Diego County Toyota Dealers Enjoy entertainment from around the globe— including astounding acrobatics, interactive Bollywood dancing, rhythmic drumming, a flag-filled, worldthemed show, and more—at the Safari Park, from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. (P) JULY 1, 7, 14, 15, 21, 22, 29; AUGUST 4, 5, 11, 18, 19, 26 All Ages Roar & Snore Spend the night at the Safari Park with your family! Select a camping sleepover that has something for everyone. Call 619-718-3000. (P) JULY 8 Breakfast with Tigers Wake up and watch our tigers start their day, and then enjoy a
hearty buffet breakfast. For reservations, call 619-718-3000. (P) JULY 8, 28; AUGUST 12, 25 Adults Only Roar & Snore Safari At this Safari Park sleepover for adults 21 and older, you’ll discover the secret lives of animals through the kind of information we can only share with no children around! For reservations, call 619-718-3000. (P) AUGUST 5 Winemaker Dinner Following a fascinating animal presentation, guests will enjoy wine selections perfectly paired with a four-course gourmet dinner, in the Park’s Hunte Nairobi Pavilion. Must be at least 21 years old to attend. For reservations, call 619-718-3000 or visit sdzsafaripark.org/ dining-events. (P)
A Summer that Rocks!
W
THROUGH SEPTEMBER 4 Nighttime Zoo presented by your San Diego County Toyota Dealers Rock and roar at the Zoo all summer long, with a wide array of fun family activities that keep going after sunset. The Zoo is open from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. July 1–August 19 and September 1–4; and 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. August 20–31. (Z)
PRESIDENT/CEO’S NOTE DOUGLAS G. MYERS
elcome to summer in San Diego! Longer days, vacations, and all that our fair city has to offer—especially the Zoo and Safari Park. Most notable is the opening of Conrad Prebys Africa Rocks at the Zoo, our most ambitious exhibit project to date. After some unavoidable rain delays, plus the sheer scope of the project to make the habitats comfortable for the animals and provide the best experience for visitors, we are opening the first set of Africa Rock’s habitats this month: the penguins and Cape Fynbos, on July 1. The rest are soon to follow. To help celebrate, this year’s Nighttime Zoo presented by your San Diego County Toyota Dealers is underway, with the theme of “Rock and Roar.” You’ll find music throughout the Zoo, plus Africa Rocks-related activities, presentations, and animal encounters. At the Safari Park, Summer Safari presented by your San Diego County Toyota Dealers is in full swing as we “Celebrate the World,” with lively performances from groups representing Africa, India, China, Australia, Mexico, and more. Summer is always a great time at the Zoo and the Safari Park. Come and join the party!
4 / ZOONOOZ / JULY 2017
Let’s Talk Follow @sandiegozoo & @sdzsafaripark. Share your #SanDiegoZoo & #SDZSafariPark memories on Twitter & Instagram.
Happy Happens at Albert’s June 18 to September 4, 2017 | 3 to 5 p.m. Select $6 cocktails, local craft beers, and California wines, plus $7 appetizers. After enjoying Happy Happens, enjoy summer nights at Albert’s with a dinner prepared by Executive Chef Chris Mirguet and Albert’s Chef Charles Boukas.
Eat,
Call 619-685-3200 for reservations to Albert’s. Reservations are not required, but are recommended.
and be
Happy!
Brewmaster Dinner
with Thorn Street Brewery September 16, 2017 | 6 p.m.
Reception in Treetops Banquet Room with animal ambassadors, followed by a four-course meal presented by Executive Chef Chris Mirguet and Albert’s Chef Charles Boukas, paired with the craft beers of Thorn Street Brewery, winner of a Silver Medal at the 2016 World Beer Cup.
$82 per person; must be 21 years old to attend. Guests will be seated at tables of eight. Event ticket required to enter the Zoo. Call 619-718-3000 for reservations, or book online at sandiegozoo.org.
Animal Ambassador Dinner Saturday, October 14, 2017 | 6 p.m. Join us for a memorable evening with our fascinating animal ambassadors! Enjoy a reception from 6 to 6:30 p.m. with complimentary Wild or Tame Jungle Juice, then relax over a three-course meal prepared by our top chefs as the animal ambassador encounters continue throughout the evening. A no-host bar will be available during dinner. $82 per person; must be 21 years old to attend. Guests will be seated at tables of eight. Event ticket required to enter the Zoo. Call 619-718-3000 for reservations, or book online at sandiegozoo.org.
N O OZ N OT E S
What a view! The Balloon Safari’s tethered balloon ascends 400 feet above the Safari Park’s field exhibits.
30 Number of passengers the balloon’s basket can hold.
72 The balloon’s width, in feet.
110 The height, in feet, from the top of the balloon to the bottom of the basket.
It’s only a number Going up! There’s nothing quite like the bird’s-eye view from the Safari Park’s Balloon Safari. Here are a few fun facts about this high-flying, tethered balloon adventure. Ready for liftoff? Tickets can be purchased at any Park ticket window or at the balloon site near Lion Camp.
ZOONOOZ
®
PUBLISHED SINCE 1926 JULY 2017 | VOL. XC–NO. 04
The Zoological Society of San Diego was founded in October 1916 by Harry M. Wegeforth, M.D., as a private, nonprofit corporation that now does business as San Diego Zoo Global.
MANAGING EDITOR
KAREN E. WORLEY
ASSOCIATE EDITOR
PEGGY SCOTT
STAFF WRITERS
WENDY PERKINS KARYL CARMIGNANI DONNA PARHAM
The printed ZOONOOZ® magazine (ISSN 0044-5282) is currently published bimonthly, in January, March, May, July, September, and November. Publisher is San Diego Zoo Global, at 2920 Zoo Drive, San Diego, CA 92103, 619-231-1515. Periodicals postage paid at San Diego, California, USA, and at additional mailing offices. ADDRESS CHANGES: Please send to Membership Department, P.O. Box 120271, San Diego, CA 92112.
COPY EDITOR
ESTON ELLIS DESIGNER
KERRI ABRAMS SAN DIEGO ZOO GLOBAL PHOTOGRAPHERS
KEN BOHN TAMMY SPRATT
DIGITAL IMAGING TECHNICIAN
Copyright© 2017 San Diego Zoo Global. All rights reserved. “ZOONOOZ” Reg. U.S. Pat. Office. All column and program titles are trademarks of San Diego Zoo Global. Annual Memberships: Two adults in same household $166.50, new; $135, renewal. One adult $111, new; $101, renewal. Each membership includes unlimited entrance to the San Diego Zoo and the San Diego Zoo Safari Park.
Onehalf million The number of party balloons you could inflate with the helium in the balloon.
SAN DIEGO ZOO HOURS July 1–August 19: 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. August 20–31: 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. SAFARI PARK HOURS July 1–August 13: 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. August 14–31: 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. WEBSITE sandiegozoo.org PHONE 619-231-1515 ZOONOOZ® Online web publication zoonooz.sandiegozoo.org
TAMMY SPRATT
DESIGN AND PRODUCTION
KAMBIZ MEHRAFSHANI KIM TURNER AMY BLANDFORD HEIDI SCHMID-ROMERO LISA BISSI JENNIFER MACEWEN
PREPRESS AND PRINTING
QUAD GRAPHICS
6 / ZOONOOZ / JULY 2017
Subscription to ZOONOOZ magazine: $25 per year, $65 for 3 years. Foreign, including Canada and Mexico, $30 per year, $81 for 3 years. Contact Membership Department, P.O. Box 120271, San Diego, CA 92112, for subscription information. As part of San Diego Zoo Global’s commitment to conservation, ZOONOOZ is printed on recycled paper that is at least 10% post-consumer waste, chlorine free, and is Forest Stewardship Council® (FSC®) certified.
FSC® is not responsible for any calculations on saving resources by choosing this paper.
SAN DIEGO ZOO GLOBAL OFFICERS
Robert B. Horsman, Chairman Steven G. Tappan, Vice Chairman Linda Lowenstine, DVM, Ph.D., Secretary Richard B. Gulley, Treasurer BOARD OF TRUSTEES
Rolf Benirschke Sandra A. Brue Javade Chaudhri Clifford W. Hague Patricia L. Roscoe Steven S. Simpson Judith A. Wheatley
TRUSTEES EMERITI
Frank C. Alexander Kurt Benirschke, M.D. Berit N. Durler Thompson Fetter Bill L. Fox Frederick A. Frye, M.D. George L. Gildred Yvonne W. Larsen John M. Thornton A. Eugene Trepte Betty Jo F. Williams James Lauth, General Counsel Douglas G. Myers, President/CEO Charles L. Bieler, Executive Director Emeritus THE FOUNDATION OF SAN DIEGO ZOO GLOBAL OFFICERS
Richard M. Hills, Chair Judith C. Harris, Vice Chair Susan B. Major, Secretary Susan N. McClellan, Treasurer Mark A. Stuart, President Amy B. Parrott, Vice President Robert B. Horsman, Ex officio Douglas G. Myers, Ex officio BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Christine L. Andrews Joye D. Blount Rick Bregman Douglas Dawson Berit N. Durler, Ex officio Chris L. Eddy Arthur E. Engel Valerie A. Ewell, DVM Susan Guinn Michael N. Hammes Murray H. Hutchison Nikita Kahn Joshua A. Pack Philip C. Seeger Elizabeth W. Shoemaker Ryan Sullivan Ed Wilson
TAKE A TOUR THAT’S BOOK A PREMIER ADVENTURE AT THE SAFARI PARK OR THE ZOO!
on an Ultimate Safari at the Safari Park or an Exclusive VIP Experience at the Zoo, as your custom tour is designed just for you! Our experienced guides will take you on an extraordinary adventure that is customized to see the wildlife you love most. You’ll be behind the scenes and in the know about your favorite animals and places at the Safari Park and the Zoo!
THESE POPULAR TOURS REQUIRE ADVANCE RESERVATIONS. REQUESTS MUST BE MADE A MINIMUM OF 72 HOURS IN ADVANCE AND ARE SUBJECT TO AVAILABILITY. PLEASE CALL OUR RESERVATION SPECIALISTS AT 619 -718-3000 TO CREATE AND CONFIRM YOUR OWN SPECIAL TOUR.
ILLUSTRATIONS BY AMY BLANDFORD | STAFF ILLUSTRATOR
CAN YOU SEE ME NOW?
Tiny fig flowers are actually found inside the fruit. They are pollinated as a female wasp carrying pollen enters an unripe fig. The pollen rubs off onto the flowers, and the female wasp lays her eggs in some of them.
1.
Figs—Ficus species—are vital resources in their habitats. They bear fruit several times a year, and different species develop fruit at different times, so typically there is a ready supply of food for a wide variety of animals. Each fig tree species relies on a specific type of fig wasp for pollination—and the wasps need the figs for reproduction. They can’t survive without each other! Look for several Ficus species in the new Conrad Prebys Africa Rocks.
TEXT BY KAREN E. WORLEY | MANAGING EDITOR
Close Partners
G R A P H I C A LLY S P E A K I N G
ON TO THE NEXT
GALL GALS
When females emerge from the galls, they collect the pollen produced by mature male flowers within the fig.
5.
Females carrying pollen on their bodies exit the fig through the tunnel made by the males, and then fly to another fig to lay a new generation of eggs.
6.
TUNNEL OF LOVE
The males then create escape tunnels for the females—but the males die before leaving the fig themselves.
4.
ESCAPE HATCH
SAN DIEGO ZOO GLOBAL / SANDIEGOZOO.ORG / 9
Male wasps emerge from the galls first, and they fertilize the females that are still within the galls.
3.
FLOWER POWER
A flower that contains wasp larvae forms a gall, in which the wasps develop. Flowers that do not contain wasps produce seeds.
2.
A Golden Opportunity For one little langur, being raised by both keepers and his monkey family was the perfect combination. BY KAREN E. WORLEY MANAGING EDITOR
PHOTOS BY KEN BOHN SDZG PHOTOGRAPHER
When Francois’ langur Meili gave birth to her first baby on February 28, 2017 at the Zoo, it was happy news for San Diego Zoo Global—these langurs are an endangered species, and every birth is cause for celebration. The initial excitement turned to concern, however, when the keepers saw that Meili was not holding the baby and was staying away from him. As they watched and monitored the situation, it became apparent that, for unknown reasons, she had rejected him. In Francois’ langur groups, several females usually pitch in to help raise offspring—but this time, the group members were not caring for the baby, either. It was clear that this little newcomer was going to need some helping hands if he was going to survive.
ROUGH START The first and best option was to give Meili another chance to accept her baby. Mindy Settles, primate keeper at the San Diego Zoo, was able to retrieve the little golden-orange monkey from the exhibit, and place him in a back bedroom area. She then shifted Meili into the bedroom, in exchange for a treat. Mindy hoped that in the quiet area by herself, Meili’s maternal instincts would kick in when she saw the baby. “Our goal was to get Meili to pick up the infant and, hopefully, accept him as her own as quickly as possible,” Mindy said. Unfortunately, that didn’t happen—Meili continued to ignore him. It was disappointing, but at that point, it was time to take the baby to the veterinary hospital to be warmed up, given fluids, assessed by the veterinarians, and fed. “Infants need to nurse every few hours, in order to stay healthy. So, for any long period of time that he wasn’t able to nurse from
mom, we needed to do supplemental feeding,” Mindy explained. Still, the animal care staff hadn’t given up on having his social group raise him. They were determined to find a way for this little langur—who they named Chi, meaning “breath of life”—to return to his family.
MOTHER AND CHILD REUNION The next morning, keepers tried again to put Chi in with Meili—but she still didn’t respond. Chi was then taken to to a special area in the langur building that contained an incubator, where the keepers could feed him and he would be warm and comfortable.
cepted the baby, soon the other group members began interacting with him and carrying him as well. Everyone breathed a happy sigh of relief. This was a wonderful outcome, but it also created a new challenge. Although Meili was now holding, carrying, and grooming Chi, she was not nursing him. The keepers would still need to feed him—but how, when he was firmly held by his mother or another member of the group?
CO-PARENTING A LANGUR
Now that Chi was back with his family, keepers were confident he was developing proper social behaviors, and they wanted to keep him with the group as much Chi was initially as possible. However, he fed and cared for needed to be fed with by the primate bottles of formula every keepers. two and a half hours, and he was too young to drink from a bottle on his own. The keepers needed to find a way to reliably retrieve him from the group, so they could feed him. The best way for that to work was to enlist Meili’s and the group’s cooperation, using this species’ From there, he could see the langur natural behavior of the troop working troop, and he was close by for contintogether to raise offspring, a strategy ued efforts to introduce him. known as alloparenting. Mindy ex“We continued daily introducplained that “We needed Meili’s help, tions between Chi, his mom, and and this is where having a strong rethe Francois’ langur group. During lationship built around trust, positive that first week, no one in the group reinforcement, and training became chose to pick him up, and the keeper our saving grace.” The plan was to use removed him at the end of each positive reinforcement training to ask introduction, using positive reinMeili, in exchange for treat rewards, forcement to first move the rest of the to go get Chi if she didn’t already group from the area,” Mindy said. have him, willingly “station” on a box Then in week two, the keepers’ just inside an opening, and stay there dedication was rewarded: Meili picked while keepers opened the flap, reached Chi up and actually held him for the in, and retrieved Chi. That way, Meili first time. Now that Meili had acwas voluntarily participating, Chi
LANGUR LIFE Francois’ langurs are native to forests of China, northern Vietnam, and western Laos. They are a species of leaf-eating monkeys, feeding mainly on leaves that they digest with the help of specialized bacteria in their twochambered stomach. These langurs are highly social and live in groups of up to 12 monkeys. The troop members look after each other and cooperatively raise offspring.
SAN DIEGO ZOO GLOBAL / SANDIEGOZOO.ORG / 11
would get his bottles, and the process would be a calm one. Meili proved to be a quick study in learning her part, and within a week, she could be counted on to bring Chi to the station and transfer him to the keepers. The little golden—or, rather, golden-orange— infant continued to grow, develop, and thrive as an integral part of the langur troop. It was exactly what the keepers had hoped for. “I can’t stress 12 / ZOONOOZ / JULY 2017
enough how amazing this opportunity is for us,” said Jill Andrews, animal care manager for primates. “The amount of cooperation between the monkeys and the keepers for the care of this infant is, frankly, astonishing.”
POSITIVE CHI By two months of age, Chi hadn’t missed any of his feedings or a day with his family. He was active, energetic, and starting to explore. Now
that he was older, he also exerted more control over whether he would go to the keepers for a bottle or not, which was about every four hours. But that’s where the trusting relationship the keepers had established with not only his mother but also with him came into play once again. Although bottle feeding wasn’t always his favorite thing, the keepers rewarded Chi with solid food treats, browse, and items to play with, which he enjoyed. Keepers planned to continue feedings, tapering off over time as he began to eat solid food on his own. Although Chi got off to a difficult start in life, with some help from his caregivers he was able to overcome the challenges and become a regular member of the Zoo’s Francois’ langur group. The keepers at the veterinary hospital neonatal care unit and at the langur exhibit, along with Zoo nutritionists and animal behavior management staff, all made sure that Chi had every opportunity for success. He’s now leaping into a bright future.
This page, clockwise from top left: Primate keeper Mindy Settles has a trusting relationship with her charges and helped Chi return to his family. Off and running: Chi is now a healthy, active, and busy member of the Francois’ langur troop. Nursery keeper Becky Kier takes Chi on one of his visits to the langur group.
A new leaf: Graduating from bottles of formula to this species’ diet of leaves is the next step for Chi.
GIVE LANGURS SOME LOVE Francois’ langurs are listed as Endangered. Their population has been reduced by 50 percent in the last 30 years. They are threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation, and by being hunted for their body parts, used in traditional medicine. Francois’ langurs are one of the Old World monkey species supported by a Species Survival Plan with the Association of Zoos and Aquariums and by field conservation and education efforts. SAN DIEGO ZOO GLOBAL / SANDIEGOZOO.ORG / 13
Join us for a roaring good time with a rockin’ beat. As the sun sets, the Zoo gets even more exciting with live music, stilt walkers, a dazzling procession featuring theatrical puppets, special shows, and of course, animals! Come rock and roar with us! sandiegozoo.org/nighttimezoo 49887 Zoo Nooz.pdf
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4/4/17
2:35 PM
Proud Official Beverage Sponsor of the
Š 2017 The Coca-Cola Company.
To End Extinction JULY 2017 | VOLUME 2
LET AFRICA ROCKS AMAZE YOU!
Conrad Prebys Africa Rocks is our largest and most spectacular exhibit undertaking ever—we’ve transformed an entire canyon at the Zoo and can’t wait for you to experience six new habitats and dozens of wildlife species that will call Africa Rocks home. Africa has always been a land of diversity, with amazing landscapes and surprising animal and plant species. Where else will you stroll by and see penguins, baboons, and leopards, not to mention species you may see here for the first time like a sifaka, bateleur eagle, and agama? Every step of the way, traversing southern African shores to Ethiopian Highlands, kopjes, acacia woodlands, and Madagascar’s forests, you will be amazed as you come face-to-face with some of Africa’s most unusual birds, mammals, reptiles, and plants. From Penguin Beach to Rady Falls and beyond, Africa Rocks is waiting for you!
“The quality of our life on Earth is dependent upon how we treat the rest of life on Earth, the future of which now lies in our hands.” —SIR DAVID ATTENBOROUGH, 1986 SAN DIEGO ZOO GLOBAL CONSERVATION MEDAL RECIPIENT
Always Building for the Future
The San Diego Zoo and the San Diego Zoo Safari Park are constantly evolving. Their international reputation for remarkable groups of animals is reinforced by innovative exhibits and world-class animal care. Our two parks are sanctuaries where animals can raise their young in natural habitats and visitors can learn about intriguing species while falling in love with the natural world. Now our teams are hard at work planning Walkabout Australia at the Safari Park, showcasing the wonderful and endangered wildlife of the Australian outback. And at the Zoo we are building Animal House, a unique new complex for our two dozen animal ambassadors that are the face of conservation as they meet guests, schoolchildren, patients, and seniors in retirement homes. Every habitat we build comes back to our mission—to lead the fight against extinction.
How Will We Do It? Your gifts support Roaring Forward’s
three priority areas:
IGNITE a passion
for wildlife in every child.
GROW the Zoo’s
worldwide leadership in animal and plant care, as well as exhibits.
SAVE critically endangered species for future generations while working with local and global partners.
Here’s How You’ve Already Helped Each time we build an exhibit, our curators, keepers, veterinarians, researchers, and architects are focused on the world-class care of the animals that call the Zoo or Safari Park home. The unique needs of every species are our focus, and every individual animal is precious to our dedicated teams.
Because of you... TRANSFORMED Every year there are plans to renew aging areas of the Zoo or Safari Park—our work is never done as we welcome new species to exhibits like Africa Rocks and Walkabout Australia. Careful attention is given to every animal’s special diet and enrichment preferences—their health and comfort are our priority!
SECURED Funding for our great animal care teams makes it possible for them to advance breeding efforts, help newborns thrive, prevent disease, and save critically endangered species. Hand in hand with this is funding for our unrivaled botanic gardens on grounds, which provide nutritious browse for so many animals as well as enrichment possibilities.
SET Your participation has helped establish a global standard for animal welfare and best-in-class habitats and facilities that we always strive to meet or exceed. Our award-winning exhibits at the Zoo and Safari Park raise the bar on design and sustainable practices, always meeting the special needs of animals in our care.
Leaping Lemurs Welcome You There’s no place on Earth like Madagascar, an island nation off Africa’s
east coast, where more than 100 endangered species of lemurs live. In Africa Rocks you’ll come face-to-face with several species at Rady Falls and Rady Madagascar habitat: sifakas, blue-eyed black lemurs, red ruffed lemurs, ring-tailed lemurs, and red-collared lemurs. Found nowhere else on Earth, these charismatic lemurs will amaze you with their acrobatic leaps—it’s sure to be a unique and dynamic experience. Our animal care team is also hoping for newborns—every visit will surprise you! San Diego Zoo Global has joined a consortium of international zoos and universities to help the Malagasy government conserve natural habitat while studying its vulnerable animals and plants. At the Zoo, Africa Rocks will help inform visitors about Madagascar’s irreplaceable wildlife and how we all can help protect it.
Join our pride and help us Roar Forward! roaringforward.org | 619-557-3947
NEW!
ONLINE ORDERING
STOMACH GROWLING? TAME YOUR HUNGER. Breakfast, lunch or dinner. Denny’s has something cooking 24/7.
PROUD SUPPORTER OF THE SAN DIEGO ZOO AND SAFARI PARK © 2017 DFO, LLC. At participating Southern California Denny’s restaurants for a limited time only.
AT DENNYS.COM
TWI LIGHT TRADITION
The new Watering Hole restaurant and bar at Kijamii Overlook transports you to Africa
A
BY DONNA PARHAM | STAFF WRITER PHOTOS BY KEN BOHN | SDZG PHOTOGRAPHER
fter a thrilling day of safari adventures, there’s no better time to gather with friends and family to kick back, quench your thirst, and recall the highlights of your trip. So, as dusk gathers over the African plains, you settle into a cushy seat to relish a cold beverage, a cool breeze, and a panoramic view of grazing antelope, graceful giraffes, soaring vultures, and powerful rhinos. But you’re not in the African bush—you’re at the Watering Hole restaurant and bar at Kijamii Overlook—at the Safari Park.
The “sundowner” is a twilight tradition on safari across Africa. After a hot, dusty day of wildlife encounters, travelers relax and relive the day’s discoveries while sipping ice-cold cocktails and nibbling appetizers. You can get a taste of that experience at Kijamii Overlook. Kijamii (ki-JAH-mee) is Swahili for “social,” an appropriate name for the Safari Park’s newest gathering spot. A tall thatched roof shades
16 / ZOONOOZ / JULY 2017
4,000 square feet, resting on sustainably harvested, whole trees that provide branched supports, gracefully curving arches, and natural angles. Because the remarkable structure is made of entire trees rather than milled lumber, it tested the talents of builders and engineers. “The structure is challenging,” admits San Diego Zoo architect Robyn Badger. “In fact, we spent over a year figuring out how to make it work using whole
trees.” African eco lodges provided inspiration for the construction. “We knew we wanted something very organic,” says Robyn. “Nothing is straight; nothing is plumb. Everything is custom.” Red mud walls, a quirky array of mismatched refurbished chandeliers, and accents of colored stone and glass make for a unique interior. And while the breezy building looks rustic, it accommodates ceiling fans, heaters, and misters that keep the space comfortable. Kijamii Overlook also features an outdoor fire pit, a barbecue grill, an animal observation deck (coming soon), restrooms, and lawn space that can accommodate a dance floor for a party, or host an elegant wedding ceremony—a private, dedicated
SHELLY ANDERSON PHOTOGRAPHY
The Watering Hole bar operates out of an enormous, faux baobab tree.
MICHAEL & KATE PHOTOGRAPHY
SPECIAL EVENTS AT KIJAMII OVERLOOK
bride’s room even adds comfort and convenience for the wedding party. A unique feature of Kijamii Overlook is the Watering Hole bar, nestled into an enormous, faux bao-
bab tree. Baobab trees are adapted for storing water, and very old baobabs tend to become hollow. The hollow baobab at the Watering Hole is big enough to house bar staff and
a full complement of Kijamii Overlook libations, and it’s a can be reserved restful place to pull for private events, up a stool. including weddings “This is a unique and receptions. dining and dance Call 619-685-3259 to reserve the area,” says Cheryl facility for your Carlson, director of special event. event sales, who’s excited to share the new open-air African lodge venue with clients looking for a special place to host a wedding, corporate event, or family gathering. “It transports you to Africa, and nowhere else in San Diego can you find a place like this—with a view like this!” “We are trying to give people an adventure while they sit and relax,” says Robyn, who describes the location as soothing and Zenlike. “The animals move across the plains, coming in and out of view,” she says. Kijami Overlook is open to Safari Park guests when it’s not reserved in advance, so you can have your very own sundowner! SAN DIEGO ZOO GLOBAL / SANDIEGOZOO.ORG / 17
CURVES AHEAD
Nubian ibex will be catching eyes and climbing high at Africa Rocks. BY ESTON ELLIS STAFF WRITER
PHOTOS BY KEN BOHN SDZG PHOTOGRAPHER
The horns of a male Nubian ibex can be up to 48 inches long—equal to his body length.
W
ith large curved horns measuring up to four feet long, and segmented, concave hooves to climb even the steepest rocky cliffs, the Nubian ibex Capra nubiana is both amazingly sure-footed and eye-catching. This wild goat species, native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East, will soon be seen at the Zoo’s Conrad Prebys Africa Rocks, in the Ethiopian Highlands multispecies habitat. The Safari Park is also home to a herd of Nubian ibex, and continues to conduct a successful breeding program for this threatened species: nearly 550 have been born at the Park to date.
“They’re smart animals; they are thinkers that will challenge their new exhibit,” said Carmi Penny, director of Collections Husbandry Science and curator of mammals at the San Diego Zoo. “They’re also a regal animal, visually—especially if a person has an opportunity to see them against the skyline.” Adult males have a distinctive beard—which they use in scent marking and to attract females during mating season—along with those one-of-a-kind horns. “The horns grow quickly when they are youngsters, but it takes a while for that spectacular backward sweep to develop,” Carmi said. At Africa Rocks, guests will be able to see Nubian ibex exhibiting natural behaviors, including climbing rocky outcroppings. “Their hooves are designed to be able to use the cracks and crevices, and they can reach places you’d think would be impossible,” Carmi explained. “They developed this adaptation over time.” Guests can also observe males sparring with each other, engaging in playful head-butting with their impressive horns. “Right now, they are all males, so they will not be competing for females: it’s just ‘boys
club’ playing,” Carmi said. Females will be introduced in about a year. The Zoo’s Nubian ibex share their habitat with geladas. These large-bodied, long-haired, grass-eating primates live in dynamic, complex societies. While this group of geladas has shared an exhibit with ibex previously, living with geladas is a new experience for Africa Rocks’ Nubian ibex. “It will be interesting to watch how—or if—they interact,” Carmi said. The range of the Nubian ibex in Africa and the Middle East is declining, and fewer than 10,000 are left in their wild habitats. Threats they face include habitat loss, competition from livestock for food and water, and illegal hunting—sometimes involving large groups of people with automatic weapons. Nubian ibex are currently categorized as Vulnerable on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, “but I would anticipate when IUCN reassesses them, they will have Endangered status,” Carmi said. “This is an important species for us to be involved with,” he added. “Like giraffes, they are disappearing from their habitats. We hope that they get more attention.”
DID YOU KNOW? Nubian ibex measure about 2 to 2.5 feet high at the shoulder and about 3.5 to 4 feet in length, and males are larger than females. Both males and females have horns. A males’ horns can be up to 48 inches in length, while the females’ horns reach 14 inches in length. Both males and females have a light brown coat and white underbelly, and short legs with black and white markings. Males have a dark stripe down the back; and during mating season, their neck, chest, sides, shoulders, and upper legs become dark brown.
SAN DIEGO ZOO GLOBAL / SANDIEGOZOO.ORG / 19
Tusk Tusk,
The Curious Case of the the Babirusa BY PEGGY SCOTT ASSOCIATE EDITOR
PHOTOS BY KEN BOHN SDZG PHOTOGRAPHER
20 / ZOONOOZ / JULY 2017
t
here are certain characteristics that help define swine. Members of the Suidae family are, for example, medium-size, intelligent omnivores with bristly hair, short legs, a compact body, and a long, pointed head that is highlighted with tusks. These even-toed ungulates (Order Artiodactyla) use their snouts to root out tasty treats such as grubs and tender new vegetation. They build nests and give birth to litters of striped offspring. So all suids are exactly alike, right? In a pig’s eye! One look at the babirusa, a genus of wild swine found in areas of Indonesia, reveals that this animal is the poster child—or piglet—for uniqueness.
PORTRAIT OF A “PIG-DEER” Translated from the Malay language, the word babirusa means “pig-deer,” and a glance at the mouth (and head) gear on an adult male Sulawesi babirusa Babyrousa celebensis, like the one residing at the San Diego Zoo, reveals why. The babirusa’s lower tusks, while formidable, are overshadowed—literally and figuratively—by its startling upper tusks (canine teeth) that grow right up through the skin in their snout and curve back toward their forehead, reminiscent of deer antlers. While both genders have lower tusks, only males possess the elaborate upper tusks, which can reach 12 inches in length. The Sulawesi babirusa’s relatives, the Moluccan (or hairy) babirusa Babyrousa babyrussa and the Togian babirusa Babyrousa togeanenis, sport similar dental adornments, making the family resemblance unmistakable. Like many pigs, the male babirusa’s canine teeth continue to grow throughout its life, as long as there
is a blood supply—like our fingernails and our hair. As eye-catching as those tusks are, however, their utility is subject to some debate. The tusks’ backward curve makes them less-than-ideal weapons, notes Lisa Martin, an animal care manager in the Collections Husbandry Science department at the San Diego Zoo, adding that it may be more a matter of appearance. “The tusks may attract females, and they look fierce, so they could be used in a ‘display’ rather than for actual fighting,” Lisa says. “And the way they curve up, they could help protect the babirusa’s eyes if the animal did get in a fight.” Should a scuffle break out, the tusks’ usefulness could be short-lived. Unlike elephant tusks, babirusa tusks are brittle and breakable. That may be one reason that a babirusa fight looks much different than one of other tusked animals: the animals rise up on their hind legs and “box” each other with their front hooves.
A PIG OF A DIFFERENT COLOR— AND CHARACTER Babirusas’ barrel-shaped bodies, height (two feet at the shoulder), and deer-like legs help them easily
traverse their rain forest habitat. They are brownish-gray in color, with only the sparsest of hair scattered over their bodies. Males can weigh 200 pounds or more. More solitary than other pigs, babirusas even keep their families smaller, usually producing litters of only one or two piglets, which lack the stripes that adorn many other wild pig babies. But what they lack in pattern they more than make up for in pluckiness—babirusa piglets typically wander from the nest and sample solid foods before two weeks of age! Like other pigs, babirusas make good use of their snout, if a little differently. Instead of using it only to search for food, babirusas scent mark by “plowing,” which involves thrusting their snouts deep into the soil, kneeling down, and pushing themselves forward, digging a groove in the mud. They simultaneously produce excessive saliva, which contains pheromones. Plowing is primarily an adult male habit, although subadults of both sexes have been reported doing it.
THIS LITTLE PIGGY… The San Diego Zoo’s babirusa crew began making waves (and headlines) in September 2016, when Fig gave
This page: Mary-Kate’s piglet is a spirited little swine. Facing page: A male babirusa’s upper tusks grow through the top of its snout and may help protect its face during fights.
SAN DIEGO ZOO GLOBAL / SANDIEGOZOO.ORG / 21
Above: Fig gave birth to the Zoo’s firstever Babirusa piglets last year. Below: Those babies, Sula and Wesi, are growing fast!
birth to the Zoo’s first-ever babirusa piglets. Dubbed her “figlets,” the adorable female babies became media darlings, and the pair—Sula and Wesi—are still visitor favorites, along with Mom, in their exhibit at the top of Tiger Trail. Senior keeper Victoria Girdler was immediately taken with the unusual species when she began working with them about a year and a half ago. “They are so curious, especially the piglets, and always want to see what we’re doing,” Victoria says. “They follow us, want to look in the wheelbarrow; they don’t miss a thing.” Another eager little face joined the group last March, when MaryKate gave birth to a single male piglet. At first, Mary-Kate and her baby were kept in a separate enclosure from the rest of the babirusas, and Mary-Kate made the most of it. “She stacked her bedding up super thick, using three hay beds to make one giant ‘Princess and the Pea’ bed,” Victoria says. “She uses that snout and completely covers herself up. She’s so cute.” Her youngster seemed to take after his half-sisters (they all 22 / ZOONOOZ / JULY 2017
have the same father) in the personality department. “He likes to hide under our wheelbarrow to surprise his mom,” Victoria says, adding that she was surprised at how quickly the baby grew. “He tripled in size in his first three weeks!” Victoria notes that she was
impressed with the maternal skills of both babirusas, given their lack of experience. “Both Fig and MaryKate were first-time moms, and they were such good mothers!” She adds that the babirusas are quick learners and amiable students. “Fig is work-
ing on husbandry training for hoof work and other procedures and is doing really well. She enjoys a good belly rub, too.” Seven-year-old Jethro is the father of all three babies, and is a good-natured—if big—boy himself. “He likes a good scratch through the fence,” Victoria says, noting that keepers work with Jethro using protected contact. While Mary-Kate and her new arrival enjoyed a little bonding time, the rest of the group got along just fine, enjoying mud wallows and group snuggles. Given their intelligence, keeping pigs busy and engaged is key to their well-being. “They love new smells, so recently we rubbed fresh rosemary on their enrichment toys,” Victoria explains. “And their spinner feeders dispense grain, so they can root around.” Along with grain, the babirusas, as grazers, enjoy alfalfa hay and a special herbivore pellet, along with plenty of spinach, bok choy, red cabbage, and root veggies. And what counts as “dessert” or treats? “Apples and bananas are great for training,” Victoria says. Getting to know the babirusas was quite an experience for Victoria. “I love how silly and curious they are in general,” she says. “They are great ambassadors for their species.” And their species can use the help. Their wild population was thought to be stable, but a long history of hunting, habitat loss, and logging has caused their population to decline by more than 30 percent in the last 18 years. With conservation efforts, and additions such as our most recent three little pigs, perhaps the babirusa story will have a happy ending after all. “They are such unusual animals,” Victoria says. “And they’re all so special in their own way.”
THE STATS
1
Pair of teats on a female babirusa
10.5 to 12.5
The length, in inches, of a babirusa’s tail
24+
The possible life span for babirusas in zoos
Join Us In The Fight Against Extinction This summer, we’re pleased to donate $50 to San Diego Zoo Global Wildlife Conservancy when you open an account with Cal Coast.1 What’s more, you can also get $50 when you open your account.2 We’re proud to be a partner of San Diego Zoo Global and be the credit union of choice for over 150,000 members. Open your account today by calling (877) 495 -1600, or by visiting any of our 24 convenient branch locations. Just mention this ad! 877.495.1600 | calcoastcu.org
1 Mention this offer when you open your account and SD Zoo GWC will receive a $50 donation within a month after your membership is established with at least $25 in a savings or checking account. 2One-time $50 dividend bonus paid into new member savings account when qualifying accounts are opened and/or loan is funded. Qualifying new accounts include Free Checking with eStatements with direct deposit, online or mobile banking. Qualifying accounts must be opened within 60 days of membership date to be eligible for the $50 dividend bonus. Bonus subject to tax reporting. New members must be at least 13 years of age to qualify for this program. Limited time offer. Program subject to change without notice. Savings account required. Cannot be combined with any other offer. Some restrictions apply. Membership and credit subject to approval. Serving everyone who lives or works in San Diego and Riverside counties. 17-328 PUB 07/17
ASTONISHING
CYCADS
Primitive in origin and puzzling in appearance to many people, cycads make up one of the San Diego Zoo’s accredited plant collections. Two new specimens are notable for their rarity and history. BY WENDY PERKINS | STAFF WRITER PHOTOS BY TAMMY SPRATT | SDZG PHOTOGRAPHER
The new Conrad Prebys Africa Rocks at the Zoo offers a glimpse into the astounding biodiversity found on the continent of Africa—plants as well as animals. Among the flora that sets the scene and shades guests are two particularly special plants. At the end of 2016, we received two rare, mature cycads that are worth pausing to ponder. Cycads are the oldest living seed plants on Earth. Their tough, sharpedged fronds fed dinosaurs. As a group, cycads have survived three mass extinction events, but many are struggling with habitat loss in today’s world. There are 11 genera of cycads around us today; our two newcomers are members of the genus Encephalartos.
RAREST OF ALL As you step through the portal across from Australian Outback into Africa Rocks, you’ll find our two newest cycads to your right. The shorter of the two is a Wood’s cycad Enchephalartos woodii—considered among the rarest plant species in the world. Cycads are slow growers, yet this specimen stands about six feet tall. Named for John Medley Wood, the renowned botanist who first identified it, E. woodii was already extremely rare when discovered in 1895. By (Opposite page) E. latifrons is 1915, the last wild named for its specimens had broad leaves. been transferred to (This page, from top) Cycads grow botanic gardens. slowly— Although extinct in the height of the wild today, the our E. latifrons is a sign of its species is well repreadvanced age; sented in private cyfrond of E. woodii; cad collections and precautions botanic gardens. were engineered to protect the It is estimated that Wood’s cycad there are around as it was moved 500 individual to the Zoo.
Beaucarnea stricta
E. woodii still photosynthesizing today. However, all of them are “pups” that budded from the original plant. They are all male, and share the exact same genetic material. With no female specimens in existence, there can be no seeds, no new genetic variety, and no way to move the species forward. We are thrilled to provide a safe haven for this specimen. The fact that “our” E. woodii is the “greatgreat-grandson” of the iconic plant discovered in 1895 makes it even more special.
SENIOR CYCAD The other esteemed addition to our accredited collection is a huge Albany cycad E. latifrons estimated to be more than 500 years old. This particular cycad species is listed as Critically Endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). With fewer than 60 E. latifrons individuals left in the wild in highly fragmented locations, this stalwart survivor is truly a treasure. Our specimen originally came to the US by boat in the 1960s. It was one of four individuals that were all in one clump. This particular individual was sold to a collector in 1997. When the collector died in 2006, the plant was passed to another collector, where it spent the last decade before coming to the Zoo. Our horticulture team plans on harvesting pollen from our precious giant, to share it with institutions that have female E. latifrons in need of hand pollination. Working together, we hope to increase the population ex situ, and preserve this species for generations to come. Make a point of seeing these spiky, stately specimens when you visit Africa Rocks.
SAN DIEGO ZOO GLOBAL / SANDIEGOZOO.ORG / 25
S U P P O RT
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LIFE COMES FULL CIRCLE AT THE ZOO BY MARY SEKULOVICH | SENIOR EDITOR, DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT
hen a love for animals is fostered in childhood, it can stay with you for a lifetime and influence your career path. That is how Berit Durler, a native San Diegan, remembers it when she describes how much she enjoyed the Zoo’s education programs as a young girl. What she never imagined was that one day she would serve on several Zoo committees. And she never dreamed she would join the Zoo’s board of trustees and later become its chair in 2007. Today, Berit leads our Roaring Forward campaign as its chair, and her ties to the Zoo are still as strong as ever. She discussed how her love of wildlife and the Zoo have deepened over the years, and how the organization she respects has evolved to become much more than a zoo.
Berit and her husband, Tom, both agree that they get deep enjoyment from visiting the Zoo, which led to their decision to make an estate gift to ZOO 100, the Zoo’s endowment dedicated to providing animal and plant care at the Zoo during its second century. With their genuine love of wildlife, they both agreed this million-dollar commitment was the best way they could support the Zoo’s mission to end extinction of vulnerable species. Berit joined her first Zoo committee in 1979. When her father was invited to join the Zoo’s Buildings and Grounds Committee, he recommended that his daughter take his place, since she worked at a bank as a major lender for construction loans. Later, when Berit chaired the Education Committee, she says it was so rewarding to give out the Sci-
26 / ZOONOOZ / JULY 2017
ence Fair awards to middle and high school students: “It’s amazing how young, creative, and interested in science they all are,” she noted. After she was invited to join the board of trustees in 1996, Berit was happy to see a new focus and perspective beginning to evolve: “With baby steps, the board’s culture changed from a purely operational position to a collaborative one with staff.” Next came an interest in creating a new strategic plan when they asked, “Where do we want the organization to be in 5 or 10 years?” Lengthy discussions led to a consensus that wildlife conservation would be the organization’s primary focus. Berit is excited that the board approved the recent vision statement, “We will lead the fight to end extinction.” Also, rebranding the organization’s name to San Diego Zoo Global
in 2010 showed the worldwide reach of the Zoo, Safari Park, and Institute for Conservation Research. As we talked, Berit reflected further about her early days on the board: “When I was a newcomer, it had started to move toward a conservation focus. But I believed it had to extend far beyond that, saving wildlife and habitats now, which will impact future generations. It was essential that we become ‘much more than a zoo,’ which we have achieved. It is critical that our conservation message gets out into the world because so little of ‘the wild’ remains for wildlife now.” This led her to remember San Diego Zoo Global’s great conservation success in saving the California condor from extinction in the 1980s. From just 22 birds, there are now more than 450 in the world
Celebrating 100 Years of Animal Care and Conservation With vision and determination, Dr. Harry Wegeforth created a world-class Zoo in 1916 that today is the pride of San Diego and enjoyed by millions of visitors each year. Our vision for the future builds on Dr. Wegeforth’s dream of long ago. ZOO 100 celebrates the San Diego Zoo’s centennial and honors special friends who have invested in our next 100 years through a $1 million gift to our endowment benefiting the Zoo, Safari Park, or Institute for Conservation Research. Gifts may be made through an estate commitment, life insurance, or pledged over several years, as well as designated for a favorite species or project. ZOO 100 donors are helping us provide the brightest possible future for our incredible animals and plants. For more information, please call 619-557-3947.
Berit, as board chair, with Tom at the 2007 R•I•T•Z gala.
population and over 200 flying free in Arizona, California, Utah, and Baja California, Mexico. Berit was thrilled to see the big birds flying free at the Grand Canyon on a recent trip there with Tom. She also looks ahead to the Zoo’s next 100 years, “With our next great initiative to save the
critically endangered northern white rhino—it’s all remarkable!” Berit emphasized how the Zoo has touched so many people’s lives, and every gift is appreciated. As board chair, she received a handwritten note from a member who had recently lost her mother.
Enclosed was a $100 check, with an explanation that her mother loved coming to the Zoo, saying that it always made her so happy. It was a moving letter that Berit never forgot, and it illustrated what an impact the Zoo has on people’s lives over a lifetime. The gift also became a healing gesture for the daughter as she remembered her mother’s life and what brought her joy. And, of course, after all these years, the Zoo is still one of Berit and Tom’s favorite places, with Berit often visiting the elephants and Tom heading over to the orangutans. As Berit says, laughing, she always knows where to find Tom! SAN DIEGO ZOO GLOBAL / SANDIEGOZOO.ORG / 27
IN THE FIELD
San Diego Zoo Global’s mission to end extinction takes place not just at the Zoo, Safari Park, and Institute for Conservation Research, but also through field projects benefiting more than 125 species around the world. Each issue, we will share an update on one of these projects.
HOPE HAPPENS BY KARYL CARMIGNANI | STAFF WRITER
Since its inception over a decade ago, the mountain yellowlegged frog conservation project has morphed nearly as much as these animals do throughout their life cycle. What began as an emergency rescue mission for the final few mountain yellow-legged frogs Rana muscosa in Southern California’s San Jacinto Mountains has become a comprehensive, multifaceted, collaborative effort that is turning the tide for this endangered species. A few years ago, there was an epiphany to let the frogs hibernate in wine coolers for a few months, to emulate the chilly winter conditions in the mountains. This improved mountain yellow-legged frog reproduction. Today, the frogs enjoy their faux winter in tanks kept at a frigid 38 to 40 degrees 28 / ZOONOOZ / JULY 2017
Fahrenheit, December through March. The frogs emerge with the “snowmelt,” ready for love…or at least breeding. Reproduction and egg laying occur between April and July. Thousands of frogs have been bred at the Institute for Conservation Research and released back into their mountain habitat. With improved diets for the frogs and strict water quality protocols, reproduction has flourished: 1,200 frogs were released last year! To better monitor the released frogs, Natalie Calatayud, Ph.D., a postdoctoral associate in Reproductive Sciences, is training her dog Luna to sniff out the frogs and inform staff where they are located. Thanks to collaborative conservation, this species is recovering by sniffs and bounds!
PHOTOS BY: (CLOCKWISE FROM TOP LEFT) TAMMY SPRATT/SDZG; NATALIE CALATAYUD/SDZG; KEN BOHN/SDZG (3)
Clockwise from top left: Mountain yellowlegged frog juveniles being released into the wild; Luna is trained to alert staff to the presence of mountain yellow-legged frogs; fertilized eggs; these California native frogs are making a big comeback with a little help from their friends.
SAN DIEGO’S WILDEST TASTI NG EVENT!
Saturday, September 23, 2017 6:30 -11 p.m. at the world-famous San Diego Zoo
Small Bites, Big Offerings— All Included!
Sample from more than 160 of Southern California’s best food, wine, and beer vendors. Soar above it all on Skyfari, light up the night at the glow party, and dance like a rock star at seven live stages throughout the Zoo. Unleash your inner party animal while you support and defend wildlife!
Eat, Drink, Party — Repeat!
This tasty night for wildlife benefits the San Diego Zoo Global Wildlife Conservancy. San Diego Zoo Global is a nonprofit organization committed to saving species worldwide and leading the fight to end extinction.
B UY YO U R T ICK E T S T ODAY ! zoof oodan dw in e.com
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JOIN US FOR NIGHTTIME ZOO AND SUMMER SAFARI!
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