Biochemistry and Biophysics (BAB) Volume 2 Issue 3, September 2014
www.seipub.org/bab
Age-Dependent Increase in Ca2+ Exchange Magnetosensitivity in Rat Heart Muscles Lilia Y. Narinyan1, Gayane S. Ayrapetyan2, Jaysankar De3, and Sinerik N. Ayrapetyan*4 UNESCO Chair-Life Sciences International Postgraduate Educational Center 31 Acharyan St. 0040 Yerevan, Armenia narlilia@yahoo.com; 2life@arminco.com; 3 jaysankarde@biophys.am; 4info@biophys.am
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Abstract Previously the higher magnetosensitivity of Na+/K+ pump-α3 isoforms and its age-dependent dysfunction were shown. It was suggested that the latter could be a consequence of inhibition of Ca2+ efflux from the cell. To check this suggestion, the age-dependency of 45Ca2+ exchange, and their ouabain- and magnetosensitivities in rat heart muscles were studied. The initial rate of 45Ca2+ exchange in muscles of young rats was significantly higher than in older ones. Intraperitoneal injections of 10-9 M ouabain led to activation of 45Ca2+ uptake as a result of its absorption by intracellular structure that had age-dependent weakening character. The static magnetic field (SMF) exposure on ouabain-poisoned rats had inhibitory effect on young and activation on older. The rate of 45Ca2+ efflux in ouabain non-poisoned heart muscles had age-dependent weakening character but its magnetosensitivity increased. The 10-9 M ouabain had activation, while at 10-4 M concentration it had inhibition effects on 45Ca2+ efflux in young rats. Nevertheless, in older rats, both concentrations of ouabain had activation effect on 45Ca2+ efflux. The SMF exposure had age-dependent activation effect on 45Ca2+ efflux in tissues bathing in physiological (PS) and in ouabain solutions. The SMFinduced activation of 45Ca2+ efflux was more expressed in tissues of older rats poisoned by 10-4 M ouabain. We suggest that the age-dependent depression in capacity of [Ca2+]i buffer system should be the result of increase in [Ca2+]i due to dysfunction of Na+/K+ pump is responsible for agedependent increase in magnetosensitivity of 45Ca2+ exchange in heart muscles. Key words: Na+/K+ Pump; Na+/Ca2+ Exchange; Age; Heart Muscle; Ca2+ Pump
Introduction Previously it has been shown that intracardial perfusion of isolated snail heart by magnetized physiological solution (MPS) leads to muscle relaxation which is accompanied by inhibition of 45Ca2+ uptake and increase in intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) (Ayrapetyan et al., 2005). As the similar effects were observed by NO-induced
elevation of intracellular cGMP (Azatian et al., 1998), the MPS-induced heart muscle relaxation was explained by cGMP-dependent activation of Ca2+ efflux (Ayrapetyan et al., 2005). This explanation is in harmony with well-documented facts in literature that the cGMP has activation effect on Ca2+ pump in cell membrane and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger pushes these ions from the cell (Blaustein and Lederer, 1999; Brini and Carafoli, 2009). Thus, from these data , it was concluded that static magnetic field (SMF) –induced structural changes of cell bathing aqua medium which could activate intracellular signaling system leading to activation of Ca2+ efflux from cardiomyocites (Ayrapetyan et al., 2005). Since the cell hydration-induced protein folding is a key mechanism for regulation of the intracellular enzymes activity (Parsegian et al., 2000), it was predicted that cell hydration could serve as a determining factor for magnetosensitivity of intracellular signaling system. By our recent study, it was shown that diet-regulation of initial water contents led to changes in heart magnetosensitivity. It was higher in initially hydrated state and lower in dehydrated state. The Na+ /K+ pump dysfunction leading to cell dehydration (Narinyan et al., 2012) explained the age-dependent decrease in magnetosensitivity of muscle hydration. It is known that in heart muscle, the Na+/K+-ATPase, which is working molecule for Na+/K+ pump, has three catalytic isoforms having different ouabain (specific inhibitor for Na+/K+-ATPase) affinity (α1-low, α2middle and α3-high). The α1 and α2 isoforms are involved in Na+ and K+ ions transportation in membrane, while α3 is a gate for intracellular signaling system regulating intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) homeostasis (Liu et al., 2000). The question which of these isoforms (ouabain receptors) is the most age- and magnetosensitive was the subject for our previous 39