A Simple Seismic Analysis of Embankment Slopes Stabilized with a Sheet Pile

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Construction Engineering (CE) Volume 2, 2014

www.seipub.org/ce

A Simple Seismic Analysis of Embankment Slopes Stabilized with a Sheet Pile Jing-Cai Jiang*1, Tsunataka Furuya2 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tokushima 2-1 Minami-josanjima-cho, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan jiang@ce.tokushima-u.ac.jp; 2furuya@jce.co.jp

*1

Abstract A limit equilibrium approach is proposed to evaluate the seismic stability of embankment slopes stabilized with a wall such as a sheet pile wall. Different slip surface and earthquake coefficient can be assumed respectively in the upslope and downslope soil masses separated by the wall. A target value of the factor of safety is prescribed by the designer, contrary to the conventional stability analysis method where the factor of safety is usually unknown. The design for wall itself is then conducted to ensure that the target factor of safety is really reached, though the design method for wall itself is not discussed in the present paper. A practical method is developed to evaluate forces which the wall must sustain and to search for a pair of critical slip surfaces which are the most dangerous for the wall.

limit equilibrium, that interactive forces between the wall and soils are computed by giving a target value of the factors of safety for the assumed slip surfaces. It may be understood that, if the wall is designed to sustain the interactive forces between the wall and soil masses subjected an earthquake, the wall-installed slope will have, at least, the target value of the factor of safety against the same earthquake. Method of Analysis

Embankments; Slopes; Seismic Stability; Limit Equilibrium; Critical Slip Surfaces

A cross section of an embankment slope stabilized with a sheet pile is shown in Fig. 1, where slip surface, AD and BE, is assumed respectively in the upslope and downslope soil mass of the wall. The effect of an earthquake is considered using a pseudo-static force horizontally acting at the soil masses. The proposed method consists of the following two concepts2)-3):

Introduction

1) Upslope and downslope sliding mass of the wall may have different values of the factor of safety.

Keywords

A sheet pile wall, typically installed near the toe of an embankment slope, is often used to enhance the slope stability against earthquakes. In such cases, it is rather difficult to evaluate the seismic stability of the whole slope since a single slip surface that passes through the wall cannot take place due to the high rigidity of the wall. Numerical techniques, such as FEM, are usually applied to the static stability analysis of wall-installed slopes1). However, a seismic analysis using numerical techniques is not necessarily practical/cost-effective because of the complexities of calculation procedures and complicated geological/geotechnical conditions of slopes stabilized by a sheet pile wall. This paper proposes a simple/effective approach based on the limit equilibrium concept to evaluate the seismic stability of slopes stabilized with a sheet pile wall. A unique point of this approach is that different slip surface can be assumed separately in the upslope and downslope soil mass of the wall. The other feature of this approach is, unlike the conventional methods of

2) Interactive forces between the wall and soil masses are computed by prescribing a target value of the factor of safety. The first concept means that the upslope and downslope sliding mass bounded by the wall are allowed to possess different factor of safety. It is quite natural to make such a consideration as different slip surface can appear respectively in the two soil masses due to the presence of the wall. In order to justify this, let's consider an example in which a sufficiently strong wall is to be installed deeply enough in an active landslide slope. The upslope sliding mass will be stopped due to sufficiently large resistance provided by the wall, and therefore become stable. However, the downslope sliding mass of the wall may still be in an unstable state, and thus it is possible that sliding movement will continue. From this it is obvious that the upslope and downslope sliding mass may have different factors of safety. The magnitude of these two factors of safety, Fu and Fd (Fig. 1), is usually unknown. 21


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