Parallel and Cloud Computing Research, Volume 3 2015 www.seipub.org/pccr doi: 10.14355/pccr.2015.03.003
A Cooperative Incentive Structure for Mobile Cloud Computing Jianhua Fan1, Xianglin Wei*2, Ran Li3, Qin Sun4 PLA University of Science and Technology, Houbiaoying88#, Nanjing 210007, China ricy1213@126.com; *2wei_xianglin@163.com; ryanlee730@163.com
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Abstract Encouraging the mobile devices to contribute their idle resources is critical to promote the quality of service of Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC), especially when the remote cloud service is absent or the access bandwidth is limited.In order to achieve this goal, a carefully devised MCC architecture with appreciate incentive mechanismis needed. In this paper, inthe view point of cooperative game, an incentive structure based on Shapley Value is brought forward for Hybrid Local Mobile Cloud Model‐ with stabilityanalysis. Moreover, the implementation issues of the incentive structure and its experimental evaluation are pre‐ sented. Keywords Mobile Cloud Computing; Architecture; Incentive; Shapley Value
Introduction Recent years we have witnessed the rapid development of mobile devices, such as PDAs, smartphones, etc.However, limited battery energy, CPU speed, store space and sensing capabilities of the mobile devices serious‐ ly restrict their quality of service, especially in the computing and sense intensive environments. Under this cir‐ cumstance, the concept of Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) is suggested based on combining of cloud computing and mobile computing. MCC brings rich resources ofcloud computing for mobile devices and applications, as well as inherits the cloud’s advantages, such as low cost, high scalability and robustness. Therefore, it greatly enlarges the potential of mobile computing. In MCC environment, mobile devices can offload full or part of their mobile applications to the data centers of the cloud so as to relievetheir own burden in CPU loads and energy consumption. This enables mobile devices to support more sophisticated and rich applications and services. In order to support these applications, researchers have proposed various architectures for MCC, such as MobiCloud[1], MAUI[2], CloneCloud[3], Cloud‐ let[4],Hyrax[5] and Hybrid Local Mobile Cloud Model (HLMCM)[6]. From these proposals, we can see that the resources resided on the mobile devices are very important for promoting the QoS of MCC.Therefore, how to stimulate the mobile devices to contribute their idle service capabilities is important as well as a chanllengingtask. In this paper, from the perspective of cooperative game, an incentive structure based on Shapley Value is brought forward to stimulate the mobile devices to contribute their idle resources to the system. Morevoer, a mechanism which applies the proposed incentive structure to HLMCM is briefly presented. This rest of the paper is organized as follows. Section 2 summarizes the related work. The background knowledge of Shapley Value is presented in Section 3. Section 4 puts forward the incentive structure with its stability analysis with simple experimental evaluation. Finally, weconclude our main work in Section 5. Background and Related Work To provide high quality of service, MCC needs the contribution of computing and sensing capabilities from mobile devices. Therefore, ithas becomea hot topic in recent years. Under the framework of MCC, Yang et al. have pre‐ sented two different incentive mechanisms for two types of task sharing models [7]. In the platform‐centric model, their incentive mechanism is based on a Stackelberggame [8], which treats the platform and the users as the leader and the followers of the game respectively. They showed the unique Stackelberg Equilibrium, at which the utility of the platform is maximized, and noneof the users can improve its utility by unilaterally deviatingfrom its current
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