Pharmaceutical Chemistry Review Volume 1 2015
http://www.bacpl.org/J/pcr
On‐line Trace Enrichment of Three Dipine Species in River Water Using a Modified Epoxy Acrylate Resin‐based Monolith Dan Wei, Haiyan Liu*, Xiaomei Bai, Yamin Ma College of Pharmacy, Hebei University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control, Baoding 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Baoding, 071002 weidan0312@126.com; lhy1610@126.com ; 414753471@qq.com; 353240684@qq.com Abstract The modified epoxy acrylate resin‐based monolith was prepared by in situ free‐radical polymerization. The morphology and pressure drop of the monolith has been characterized. The results showed that the monolith had high permeability. Then, felodipine, lercanidipine and nimodiping were enriched by using the prepared monolith as solid phase extraction (SPE) sorbent and tested quantitatively when connected with RP‐C18 column. The linear calibration curves were obtained over a range of 2‐500 ng/mL (r2≥0.998). Precision for intra‐day and inter‐day assay showed acceptable results for quantitative assay with relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 12%. The accuracy and recovery were found to be within the range of 89%‐101%and 89%‐102%. The proposed method was successfully applied to simultaneously screen felodipine, lercanidipine and nimodiping in river water. Keywords On‐line solid phase extraction; Dipine species; Modified epoxy acrylate resin‐based monolith; River water
I. Introduction In recent years, with the improvement of personal life quality, a lot of Ca2+ channel blockers (CCBs) were developed and widely used. CCBs were applied in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases containing coronary heart disease, hypertension and cadiac arrhythmias. But in the past 10 years, CCBs were questioned on the security of long‐term treatment of coronary heart disease and hypertension. It was possible that CCBs could increase the mortality of cardiovascular, the occurrence of cancer, the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and induce the tendence of suicide[1‐3]. CCBs were divided into dihydropyridine and non‐dihydroridine, according to the chemical structure and the pharmacological effects. Felodipine, lercanidipine and nimodiping (Fig.1), which are dihydropyridine CCBs, are widely used in the treatment hypertension and other cardiovascular. Aquatic ecosystems containing above drugs are harmful to human health. A number of analytical methods by using common sample pretreatment method, combined with HPLC[4‐7], GC[8] ,LC‐MS[9‐11]and other chromatographic analysis had been described for the quantitative determination of dipine species. As we all know sample clean‐up and preconcentration steps are necessary to remove matrix components and enhance sensitivity before chromatographic analysis In recent years, solid phase extraction (SPE) was widely used in the detection of biological and environmental samples[12‐17]. As a popurlar sample pretreatment material, the monolith could meet the requirements of SPE packing in the highly automated condition[18‐20] because of its unique characteristic, containing highly permeability for highly mechanical strength, low‐cost, highly selectivity and easily preparation. In this paper, a novel modified monolith was prepared by co‐condensation of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) and modified epoxy acrylate resin. The monolith was used for the pre‐concentration and determination of dipine species in aquatic system combined with C18 column.
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