Smooth Sailing 8 by Schildts & Söderströms

I Smooth Sailing 8 följer vi med Jake, Jane, Alec och Aisha. Boken tar oss på en tur i England, Skottland, Wales och på Irland, och vi får bekanta oss med olika sidor av den brittiska kulturen och historien.

Smooth Sailing 7 text- och aktivitetsbok Smooth Sailing 7 digital elevlicens Smooth Sailing 7 digitalt materialpaket Smooth Sailing 8 text- och aktivitetsbok Smooth Sailing 8 digital elevlicens Smooth Sailing 8 digitalt materialpaket

Vera Lillrank Katja Lähde

Vera Lillrank & Katja Lähde

SERIEN SMOOTH SAILING BESTÅR AV:

S M O OT H S A I L I N G 7

Smooth Sailing är en serie läromedel i engelska för årskurserna 7–9. Den kombinerade text- och aktivitetsboken innehåller texter, uppgifter och grammatikövningar på tre olika nivåer: basic, intermediate och advanced.

Vera Lillrank Katja Lähde

Smooth Sailing 9 text- och aktivitetsbok Smooth Sailing 9 digital elevlicens Smooth Sailing 9 digitalt materialpaket SCHILDTS & SÖDERSTRÖMS

Schildts & Söderströms

ENGELSKA FÖR ÅRSKURS 8

V E R A L I L L R A N K & K AT J A L Ä H D E

Schildts & Söderströms

Schildts & Söderströms www.sets.fi Redaktör: Lari Assmuth Illustrationer: Parvati Pillai Grafisk formgivning och ombrytning: Hilda Forss

Kopieringsförbud Det här verket är en lärobok. Verket är skyddat av upphovsrättslagen (404/61). Det är förbjudet att fotokopiera, skanna eller på annat sätt digitalt kopiera det här verket eller delar av det utan tillstånd. Kontrollera om läroanstalten har gällande licenser för fotokopiering och digitala licenser. Mer information lämnas av Kopiosto rf www.kopiosto.fi. Det är förbjudet att ändra verket eller delar av det. Fondernas samarbetsgrupp som består av Svenska kulturfonden, Svenska Folkskolans Vänner, Föreningen Konstsamfundet och Lisi Wahls stiftelse för studieunderstöd har beviljat ekonomiskt stöd för utgivningen av detta läromedel. Utgiven med stöd av Stiftelsen Finlandssvensk Bokkultur.

ISBN 978-951-52-5639-3

1 upplagan, 1 tryckningen 2022

Table of contents 1

UNIT

2 UNIT

3 UNIT

4 UNIT

SOMETHING BRITISH THIS WAY COMES

Chapter 1 Tales and Legends of England Chapter 2 Sights and Delights of London Chapter 3 Shakespeare – Bard to the Bone

12 32 51

BONNIE SCOTLAND Chapter 1 Haste Ye Back! Chapter 2 The Brave at Heart – Inventors and Writers

WELCOME TO CYMRU Chapter 1 Land of Dragons

THE EMERALD ISLAND Chapter 1 Céad Míle Fáilte – A Hundred Thousand Welcomes Chapter 2 Northern Ireland – Troubled Beauty

GRAMMAR Verb Substantiv Pronomen Adjektiv och adverb

68 72 89

108 111

134 138 160

177 178 229 248 278

Så använder du boken Smooth Sailing är till för dig som läser engelska på årskurs 7–9. Du får lära känna Jake från Seattle, Jane från Oxford, Aisha från Toronto och Alec från Melbourne och lära dig om Storbritannien och Irland. Förutom det engelska språkets historia kommer boken också att behandla kultur, litteratur, musik och historia från England, Skottland, Wales och Irland. K

A B O U T IT

Boken är indelad i fyra olika units, som alla inleds med en introduktionstext till temat. Varje unit är vidare indelad i kapitel som inleds med en introduktionstext tillsammans med en talk about it-uppgift där du, tillsammans med dina klasskamrater, får öva dig att tala engelska och fundera på vad du redan vet om Storbritannien och Irland. Varje kapitel består av texter på tre olika nivåer: basic, intermediate och advanced. I texterna på basic-nivån får du följa med Jake, i intermediate-texterna handlar det om Jane och i advanced-texterna får du följa med Aisha och Alec på deras äventyr och upptåg. Texterna är indelade så att du får jobba med texterna och lära dig engelska på den nivå som är lämpligast för dig. Ni kan läsa alla texter i ett kapitel högt tillsammans i klassen och sedan kan alla jobba med uppgifterna till den text som är lämpligast. Kom ihåg att du alltid kan avancera och byta nivå allt eftersom du lär dig mera.

BASIC

U N I T 1 —— C H A P T E R 1

The English Game

TA L E S A N D L E G E N D S

WORDLIST atmosphere – atmosfär, stämning beautifully – vackert bummed out – nedstämd, sur

Before the kick-off, I glanced to my right at the tall, blonde guy sitting next to me. He smiled and held out his hand. “Cheers mate! I’m Alec, hope you enjoy the game”, he said with a distinctly Australian accent. I shook his hand. “Thanks dude, likewise! I’m Jake by the way”. And then the classic English game began.

cardiac arrest – hjärtstillestånd

JAKE FROM SEATTLE

OF ENGLAND

a tackle you always check on the other player to make sure they are ok and if a player needs CPR, resuscitation or medical help, you shield them from view to give them privacy. This was beautifully demonstrated during the Euro 2021 game between Denmark and Finland, when a Danish player suffered cardiac arrest at the beginning of the game.

cotton – bomull CPR – hjärt-lungräddning distinctly – tydlig

After a bit of searching, we finally found our seats. The view was amazing, and I could hardly believe it was real. Me, at a soccer game in England, a once-in-a-lifetime experience! I love the game, especially the gentlemanly, unspoken rules of the game. For example, if a player is down and obviously hurt, you kick the ball off the field for a pause. After

resuscitation – återupplivning rivalry – rivalitet surreal – overkligt, surrealistiskt unable – oförmögen, förhindrad unspoken – outtalade

N FI

OUT MO

WIMBLEDON The oldest and most famous tennis tournament in the world is played in Wimbledon near London. The rules of the dress code in Wimbledon. The dress code for the players goes all the way back to the Victorian era in the late 1800’s. The players must be dressed in white, including underwear and shoes. Caps, the underbill of a cap, headbands and bandanas also have to be white. Soles and laces of the shoes have to be white. Players are allowed a streak of colour on their clothing so long as it is under 1cm wide and around the neckline, sleeve cuff, hem of the skirt or outside seam of the pants. The dress code for spectators is smart and company logos and political messages are forbidden. Do not yell to encourage a player before the serve nor point or cheer in the middle of the rallies.

profit – vinst

The atmosphere was through the roof, and everyone was excited for the game to start. The rivalry between Mancester and Liverpool goes way back to the 19th century and the industrial revolution when the cotton merchants of both cities tried to make more profit than the other.

glance – kasta en blick på, snegla likewise – likaledes, tack detsamma merchant – handelsman privacy – avskildhet, enskildhet

Fred Perry (1909–1995) Three-time champion of Wimbledon. He was ranked as the best player from 1934–1938. Together with Austrian football player Tibby Wegner he developed a clothing line and the first sweatband. Perry was not always warmly welcomed by the public due to his working class background during a time when tennis was considered more of an upper class game. Andy Murray (1987–) From Glasgow, Scotland. He has won Wimbledon twice and is still an active tennis player with a promising career. Emma Raducanu (2002–) is an up and coming British tennis star to keep an eye on. Raducanu was born in Toronto but raised in the UK by her Romanian father and Chinese mother. When she won the US open in 2021 she became the first British woman to win a Grand Slam title since Virgina Wade won Wimbledon in 1977. It remains to be seen what lies ahead for this promising young athlete.

Texterna och uppgifterna är färgkodade för att göra det lättare att hitta dem. Färgen för basic är blå, intermediate är gul och advanced ljusröd. Efter en del uppgifter hittar du en Bonus!-ruta. Bonusuppgiften kan du göra då du blivit färdig med de andra uppgifterna till texten.

1.2 Enkelt presens (= gör) The Simple Present

GRAMMAR

1. VERB

Verbs

Verb är ord som beskriver vad

någon gör eller vad som händer.

ex. (to) whistle, (to) scream, (to) Du minns säkert från Smooth

– vad någon gör, vad som händer

rain

Sailing 7 att man kan böja verb

you

are

he, she, it is

I walk to school every day. Yesterday I walked to the mall. miles. This year I have walked over 1000

FRÅGANDE

NEKANDE

JAKANDE

i olika tidsformer.

ex.

By the time

regelbundet

TO BE = att vara

are

you

are

they

are

Am I?

am not

Are you?

are not

Is he/she/it?

is not

Are we?

are not

Are you?

are not

Are they?

are not

home. it got dark, I had already walked

This year I’m going

to walk to school every day.

TO HAVE = att ha

1.1 Tidsformer – En översik presens imperfekt perfekt pluskvamperfekt futurum

gör gjorde har gjort hade gjort ska göra

have

he, she, it has

work worked has worked had worked

FRÅGANDE

NEKANDE

JAKANDE you

The Tenses

have

you

have

they

have

Do I have?

don’t have

Do you have?

don’t have

Does she have?

doesn’t have

Do we have?

don’t have

Do you have?

don’t have

Do they have?

don’t have

will work

179 178

N G OF …

S PE

De olika avsnitten börjar med en kort förklaring, ofta en regel och några exempel som visar hur man använder regeln. Därefter kommer uppgifter. Det finns uppgifter för tre olika kunskapsnivåer: basic, intermediate och advanced. Du kan jobba på den nivån som känns bäst för dig. För den som vill lära sig lite mera finns det Find out more-rutor. Symbolen Extra betyder att det finns en extra övning eller aktivitet som du kan be din lärare om.

Efter några av kapitlen finns också ett avsnitt som heter Speaking of… Där får du bekanta dig med olika accenter och dialekter i Storbritannien och Irland och tips om vokabulär och fraser du kan använda för att låta som en infödd. Grammatikavsnittet hittar du efter texterna längst bak i boken. Där får du lära dig om olika ordklasser, som t.ex. verb, substantiv och adjektiv. En del saker är repetition från tidigare årskurser, men du får också lära dig helt nya grejer. Bilderna i grammatikavsnittet fungerar som stöd för ditt lärande samt som minnesregler.

T MORE

FIN

Efter kapitlen får du öva på oregelbundna verb. Det kan också finnas en all together-uppgift för alla nivåer. Dessa är markerade med vinrött.

I Let’s do some research-rutorna hittar du frågor om de olika teman som du själv skall ta reda på svaren till och i Find out more rutorna hittar du extra information som kan vara roligt och intressant att veta om temat.

Meet the

Smooth Sailing Crew BASIC

I N T E R M E D I AT E

Jake

Jane from Oxford

from Seattle The sport that best matches my personality is (not surprisingly) soccer. I am tough and quick but mostly I am a team player and prefer working together as a team.

If I were one of Shakespeare’s characters it would be Beatrice from Much Ado About Nothing. She is quick-witted, sassy and not afraid to give her opinion. A little bit like me ;)

Which sport matches your personality?

Which Shakespeare character are you?

ADVANCED

Aisha

Alec

from Toronto

from Melbourne

The dance that best matches my personality is the waltz. A graceful classic that is elegant but surprisingly pleasant and warm.

The music that best describes me would be jazz or punk. I like to think that I am laid back and effortlessly cool like jazz and authentic and unassuming like punk.

What dance suits your personality?

Which musical genre are you?

UNIT

Something British

This Way Comes

This unit will focus on England, London and the history of Great Britain and 8 the history of the English language, the United Kingdom. It will also deal with and what has influenced it through times of change and development.

P R E H I S TO R I C B R I TA I N The first signs of humans in what is now Great Britain can be dated to over 800,000 years ago, and people have been living on the British Isles since the end of the Ice Age, some 13,000 years ago. Since these early inhabitants had no system of writing, everything we know of their culture comes from archaeological findings.

R O M A N B R I TA I N The Romans first made their arrival in Britain under Julius Caesar, and they managed to conquer Britain in the year 43 AD*, settling by the mouth of the River Thames. The Romans called the island Britannia and made the city Londinium its capital. In 122 AD the Roman emperor Hadrian had gotten enough of the Celtic tribes attacking from the north, so he built a long wall to keep them out. The wall, Hadrian’s wall, still stands today, slightly south of the Scottish- English border. There are a lot of things that still remind us of the Roman period in British history, such as cities, like Bath, stone covered roads, aqueducts for transporting water and, of course, the famous Roman baths.

IN THE FOOTSTEPS OF THE VIKINGS After the fall of the Roman Empire, Germanic tribes known as the Anglo-Saxons inhabited Britain. During the early Middle Ages, Vikings from Scandinavia started making their way to the British Isles by ship. The Vikings settled and made the city of Jorvik, nowadays better known as York, a thriving place of commerce. To explore the Viking past of England, you can visit the fascinating Jorvik Viking Centre. The Vikings brought with them the influence of Old Norse, and there are many words in English that can be traced back to Viking times. In 1066 William the Conqueror, the Duke of Normandy, conquered Britain when he defeated the English army at the Battle of Hastings. This is significant, because nobody has conquered Britain since. The Normans, who came from present-day France, brought with them a French influence on Britain and the English language. 9

WORDLIST aqueducts - akvedukt archaeological findings – arkeologiska fynd border – gräns commerce – handel conquer – erövra deal with – handla om defeat – besegra development – utveckling explore – utforska influence – påverka inhabit – leva i, bebo inhabitants – invånare mouth of the river – flodmynningen nowadays – nuförtiden prehistoric – förhistorisk settle – bosätta sig significant – betydande, anmärkningsvärt slightly – en aning, något thriving – blomstrande trace – spåra

* AD kommer från latinets Anno Domini, herrens år, men det går också att använda begreppet Common Era

LET’S D

M E RESE SO A

1. Which countries make up Great Britain? a)

2. Which countries does the UK consist of? a)

3. What are the two biggest Channel Islands, between England and France, called? a)

4. What is the British flag called?

5. Colour the British flag.

OUT MO

BOUDICA, QUEEN OF THE ICENE An often forgotten, impressive historical figure is the Celtic warrior queen, Boudica. She became queen of her tribe, the Icene, after her husband passed away. She was, however, badly treated by the Romans, who did not honour the promise they had made to her husband. So, she gathered an army and in ca 60 AD she rode to Londinium and burnt the city. However, things ended badly for her and the Romans took a terrible revenge on her and her army. Today there is a statue of her, by the River Thames, facing the Houses of Parliament.

THE HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE OLD ENGLISH

MIDDLE ENGLISH

E A R LY MODERN ENGLISH

MODERN ENGLISH

450–1100 AD

1100–1500 AD

1500–1800 AD

1800–present day

Angles, Jutes and Saxons settle in England

Language of Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales

Standardised spelling and grammar is introduced

Influenced by

Beowulf the oldest written text in the English language

1066, following the Battle of Hastings, the Normans invade England

Influenced by Old Norse and Germanic languages

Influenced by French

E.g.

freiheit – freedom

liberté - liberty

thief – deep

profonde – profound

vindauge – window

Boeuf – beef

Influenced by Shakespeare

the expansion of the British Empire E.g. curry, bazar

the industrial revolution

E.g.

E.g. spinning jenny

words ending in less (joyless) and many new words and expressions (a wildgoose chase)

and technology E.g. computer, hard drive

UNIT

CHAPTER

Tales and Legends of England

The English language is part of a long literary tradition full of fascinating tales and legends. Authors such as J.R.R. Tolkien (The Lord of the Rings) and Lewis Carrol (Alice in Wonderland) have contributed with some epic fantasy adventures, while others, like Jane Austen and Elizabeth Gaskell wrote about the everyday life of English society. Of course, a lot of what is considered the essence of Englishness today has been shaped by the British Empire and its conquests. Many explorers in the 19th century showed the curiosity and assertiveness associated with being English and being part of an empire, which often came at a great cost to the indigenous peoples of the areas that were colonised. At its biggest, the British Empire stretched across the globe. This led to the saying ‘the sun never sets on the British Empire’. In the 1960’s there was a huge wave of liberation and independence for many of the former colonies and the cruelty of colonialism has left many deep wounds that are still healing today. 12

WORDLIST assertiveness – bestämdhet associated – associerad, ihopkopplad med contribute – bidra curiosity – nyfikenhet descent – härkomst essence – innersta väsen, grunddrag everyday life – vardag, vardagsliv indigenous peoples – ursprungs folken nowadays – nuförtiden

Family & Friends

London has a long history of immigration and the East End, for example, was in the 19th century the place where many Jewish immigrants settled. Nowadays, many Londoners of Middle Eastern origin have built their life in the capital. Brixton, on the other hand, became the area where a lot of immigrants of Caribbean descent settled. England and Britain are full of immigrants who helped build the nation, by contributing through work, culture, sports and music. It is all part of what we today might see as English.

Before we continue, let’s see if you can guess two of the most famous English legends of all time.

CAN YOU GUESS THE LEGENDARY FIGURE? Check your answers at the bottom of the page. 4 points Sometimes known as Loxley.

4 points Wielded the famous sword Excalibur

3 points Was friends with Little John, Will Scarlett and Friar Tuck.

3 points The sword was given to him by the Lady of the Lake?

2 points Stole from the rich to give to the poor.

2 points Married to Guinevere and friends with Sir Lancelot

1 point Gathered his knights around a round table

K ABOUT I

1 point Wore green clothes and a hood.

THINK for yourself

––––

P A I R –––– with a classmate

SHARE with the class

Work in pairs and discuss the following questions. 1. What things do you think are very English and/or British? 2. How many typically British dishes do you know and which ones have you tried? 3. How many English football players and teams do you know? 4. What are some challenges and benefits of a multicultural society?

13 1. Robin Hood

2. King Arthur

B A S I C

U N I T 1 —— C H A P T E R 1

The English Game

WORDLIST atmosphere – atmosfär, stämning beautifully – vackert bummed out – nedstämd, sur cardiac arrest – hjärtstillestånd cotton – bomull

JAKE FROM SEATTLE

CPR – hjärt-lungräddning distinctly – tydlig glance – kasta en blick på, snegla

I was absolutely ecstatic! It felt surreal to finally be here at Old Trafford stadium in Manchester to watch the game between Manchester United and Liverpool. Mom, my little sister Claire and I had been saving up for this trip for a long time since we are huge soccer fans. We had invited my best friend Tyrone to come with us. Unfortunately he was unable to join us because his family was going to attend his grandmother’s 80th birthday party at the same time. Tyrone was pretty bummed out that he couldn’t come, so I had promised to bring him back a soccer shirt and lots of pictures. The atmosphere was through the roof, and everyone was excited for the game to start. The rivalry between Mancester and Liverpool goes way back to the 19th century and the industrial revolution when the cotton merchants of both cities tried to make more profit than the other. After a bit of searching, we finally found our seats. The view was amazing, and I could hardly believe it was real. Me, at a soccer game in England, a once-in-alifetime experience! I love the game, especially the gentlemanly, unspoken rules of the game. For example, if a player is down and obviously hurt, you kick the ball off the

likewise – likaledes, tack detsamma merchant – handelsman privacy – avskildhet, enskildhet profit – vinst resuscitation – återupplivning rivalry – rivalitet surreal – overkligt, surrealistiskt unable – oförmögen, förhindrad unspoken – outtalade

TA L E S A N D L E G E N D S

O F E N G L A N D

field for a pause. After a tackle you always check on the other player to make sure they are OK and if a player needs CPR, resuscitation or medical help, you shield them from view to give them privacy. This was beautifully demonstrated during the Euro 2021 game between Denmark and Finland, when a Danish player suffered cardiac arrest at the beginning of the game.

OUT MO E

Before the kick-off, I glanced to my right at the tall, blonde guy sitting next to me. He smiled and held out his hand. “Cheers mate! I’m Alec, hope you enjoy the game”, he said with a distinctly Australian accent. I shook his hand. “Thanks dude, likewise! I’m Jake, by the way.” And then the classic English game began.

WIMBLEDON The oldest and most famous tennis tournament in the world is played in Wimbledon near London.

Fred Perry (1909–1995) Three-time champion of Wimbledon. He was ranked as the best player from 1934 to 1938. Together with an Austrian football player Tibby Wegner he developed a clothing line and the first sweatband. Perry was not always warmly welcomed by the public due to his workingclass background during a time when tennis was considered more of an upper-class game.

The rules of the dress code in Wimbledon. The dress code for the players goes all the way back to the Victorian era in the late 1800’s. The players must be dressed in white, including underwear and shoes. Caps, the underbill of a cap, headbands and bandanas also have to be white. Soles and laces of the shoes have to be white. Players are allowed a streak of colour on their clothing so long as it is under 1 cm wide and around the neckline, sleeve cuff, hem of the skirt or outside seam of the pants.

Andy Murray (1987–) From Glasgow, Scotland. He has won Wimbledon twice and is still an active tennis player with a promising career. Emma Raducanu (2002–) is an up and coming British tennis star to keep an eye on. Raducanu was born in Toronto but raised in the UK by her Romanian father and Chinese mother. When she won the US Open in 2021, she became the first British woman to win a Grand Slam title since Virgina Wade won Wimbledon in 1977. It remains to be seen what lies ahead for this promising young athlete.

The dress code for spectators is smart and company logos and political messages are forbidden. Do not yell to encourage a player before the serve nor point or cheer in the middle of the rallies.

OUT MO E

U N I T 1 —— C H A P T E R 1

B A S I C

CRICKET Cricket is one of the most popular games in the world. It is played on a big field with two teams who have 11 players each. One team starts as the batting team and they have to try to score as many runs as they can. The other team plays field and they have to try to bowl out ten players from the opposing team and close their innings. The bowler is the one who throws the ball that the batter tries to hit with a bat. Each team usually plays two innings. To score a run,

the batting player has to run from one end of the 20-metre (BrE) pitch to the other. There are three wickets (sticks at each end of the pitch) that the bowler tries to hit, and the batsman is trying to defend by hitting the ball away. One player bowls 6 balls at the opposing teams wickets and then it is the next player’s turn and so on. An interesting fact is that a game of cricket can last for up to 5 days. Cricket is very popular in England, Australia and India.

Find out what the bolded words mean!

2) 3) 4) 5) 6)

EXERCISE

a) Explain the words in English. 1. glance

2. cotton

3. cardiac arrest

TA L E S A N D L E G E N D S

O F E N G L A N D

b) Fill in the gaps. 1. Jason had looked everywhere for his

2. The lifeguard gave the swimmer she saved (hjärt-lungräddning).

(bomulls) T-shirt.

3. How long ago did the football (rivalitet) between Real Madrid and FC Barcelona start?

4. Unfortunately, Jim and Janet were (förhindrade) attend their high school reunion. 5. Have you practised

(återupplivning) in First Aid class?

c) Fill in the correct preposition. FROM

OFF

1. Before the game began the crowd felt both anxious and excited 2. The injured player was carried

3. Parents sometimes try to shield their kids

the same time.

the field by the paramedics*.

4. Have you said hello to the new student sitting next

harm.

you in class?

* (ambulans)sjukvårdare

d) FACT FILE. Choose an English football player and make a fact file about them. Name:

Position:

Current team:

TILL SVENSKA

1. Det kommer att kännas helt overkligt att äntligen resa till Nya Zealand. 2. Tyvärr hade Diana Prince tappat sitt svärd. 3. Gick du in på ditt rum för att få lite avskildhet? 4. Jag har inte lovat något sådant! D J O B! 1. The atmosphere was through the roof. 2. I was so angry with my friend that I didn’t even glance at him.

IN ENGLISH, PLEASE

I N T E R M E D I AT E

U N I T 1 —— C H A P T E R 1

A Multitude of Cultures JANE FROM OXFORD

I slammed the front door shut and kicked off my shoes so they made an impressive arch in the hallway. Hot, angry tears burnt in my eyes. “Hey sis, what’s with all the commotion?”, my brother Charlie asked, coming out of the kitchen wiping his hands on an apron. A smooth reggae beat filled the kitchen, with Bob Marley singing about standing up for your rights. Charlie stopped in his tracks when he saw the look on my face. He gently led me into the kitchen and sat me down at the kitchen island with a cup of tea. He was in the middle of making our grandmother’s favourite Caribbean dish, chicken curry with Jamaican roti. Roti is a type of bread we use to scoop up the curry with. It smelled delicious. Mom and Dad had gone to meet Mom’s parents at the bus station, since they were coming to visit us for a few days from London. “So what gives? Who upset you?” he asked gently while stirring the curry before letting it simmer for a while. So I told him about the argument I had got into with a guy in my French class and how, when he ran out of arguments, he had told me to go back to where I came from. “So, right here in Oxford?!” I had retorted sharply and stomped away. Charlie’s eyes darkened and he pursed his lips like he was trying not to explode. It was not the first time that we had been reminded, by offensive remarks, that we didn’t exactly look like your average white Brit. Our grandparents on our mom’s side had come to the UK from

TA L E S A N D L E G E N D S

O F E N G L A N D

Jamaica in the late 1960’s and were part of the Windrush generation*. They had both found work and lived in Brixton, one of the boroughs of London where a large part of the Afro-Caribbean community had settled. Grandma loved to tell us how she had taken part in the 1981 Brixton protests against police brutality and inequality. Grandpa had a calmer and more gentle demeanour, Grandma, however, was loud and colourful and has always taught us to embrace our Caribbean heritage. She loves reggae, calypso and bright colours and has never been apologetic about being who she is. I guess that is where our mom got her spunk from. Mom always says that it is people like her mom and other hardworking immigrants who have made Britain what it is with its many cultures and flavours. “Hey!” Charlie interrupted my musings. “Want to help me with the dessert before Mom and Dad get home with Grandma and Grandpa? You should make your famous Jamaican toto, coconut cake.” I smiled gratefully, feeling so much better and thinking how much more fun life is with many colourful cultures and diversity.

WORDLIST apologetic – urskuldande, ursäktande arch – båge average – genomsnittsCaribbean – karibisk commotion – tumult, uppståndelse demeanour – uppförande, uppträdande, uppsyn dish – maträtt diversity – mångfald embrace – omfamna flavours – smak, arom gently – försiktigt heritage – (här) ursprung inequality – ojämlikhet multitude – mängd, massa musings – funderingar

*Check the find out more box on the following page.

offensive – kränkande, stötande purse one’s lips – snörpa på munnen retort – svara, genmäla scoop – skopa skyffla simmer – sjuda, småkoka stir – röra om stop in one’s tracks – tvärnita

I N T E R M E D I AT E

LET’S D

M E RESE SO A

U N I T 1 —— C H A P T E R 1

1. What impact has the British Empire had on the rest of the world? 2. What impact do you think Britain has had on the colonies? 3. How do you think the colonies have influenced Britain?

OUT MO RE

T H E W I N D R U S H G E N E R AT I O N After the Second World War, Britain suffered from a worker shortage and so workers from the West Indies and the Caribbean were welcomed. In 1948 a group of labourers arrived in Tilbury, Essex, on the ship HMT Empire Windrush. These workers, and those who arrived up until 1971, were not recorded by the Home Office and so, in time, they would have difficulty to prove that they were in the country legally. They would later be known as the Windrush generation. They made their way to London and brought with them their music, culture, sense of style and food.

EXERCISE

a) Fill in the blanks. 1. The javelin (spjut) flew in 2. Sorry, did I interrupt

(en båge) and landed on 85 metres.

(dina funderingar)?

3. Wonder Woman when she spotted Aries in the crowd.

(tvärnitade)

4. It was just your Tuesday, but I knew something wonderful was about to happen. 5. Queen Elizabeth always maintains a calm (uppförande) no matter what. 6. Mike the baby to sleep while singing a lullaby.

(genomsnitts)

(försiktigt) rocked

TA L E S A N D L E G E N D S

O F E N G L A N D

b) Explain the following words in English.

1. demeanour 2. diversity

3. Caribbean 4. dish

c) Fill in the correct preposition. 1. What type

music have you listened to lately?

2. Jane was exhausted, so she kicked on the couch.

her shoes and flopped down

3. Since he didn’t have a towel nearby, he wiped his hands 4. Thor scooped

IN ENGLISH, PLEASE

his apron.

his hammer and ran to help Loki in the battle.

1. Hans ögon mörknade och han snörpte på munnen. 2. ”Nej!” genmäler han vasst och klampar iväg. 3. Vår moster hade inte en lugn uppsyn på grund av all uppståndelse. 4. Vi har lärt oss att omfamna vårt karibiska arv. 5. Har immigranterna protesterat mot ojämlikhet?

1. You need to let the soup simmer for a while. 2. What should we use to scoop up the curry?

3. Bob Marley has sung about standing up for your rights. W

TILL SVENSKA

D O N E!

ADVANCED

U N I T 1 —— C H A P T E R 1

Sounds English ALEC FROM MELBOURNE

WORDLIST accidentally – av misstag amusement – road, munterhet, nöje buzz – sorl, surr chills – rysningar

I could not believe I was finally here, in London, home of punk and rock. My mom Kathy was also a huge rock fan so it was easy to convince her to come along on a mother-son trip. We had also been lucky enough to get tickets to see a new up-and-coming band that I was psyched to check out. They were playing on a small stage at a local pub.

conform – anpassa sig, rätta sig efter

My favourite thing about punk is that it isn’t pretentious at all. It just feels simple and raw and can be surprisingly emotional. It was actually Mom that got me excited about British punk rock when she told us kids wild stories of her year as an exchange student in the UK. She actually even saw Sex Pistols live once. How cool is that?!

full – fyllig

My other mom Tracy is more of a Beatles fan, so we had promised to visit the Beatles shop on Baker Street to find some fun souvenirs for her. Her favourite Beatles songs are Let It Be and John Lennon’s Imagine. I have also set my heart on visiting Portobello Road street market and getting some cool T-shirts and maybe some records.

psyched – (här) laddad

When we arrived at the gig, the room was buzzing with excitement and people were eager for the band to start playing. I felt literal chills down my spine when the first raw beats filled the room. The drummer was on fire and the voice of the lead singer was something else. The husky but full voice was a bit of a surprise coming from the short girl in her combat boots, black ripped jeans

crowd – publik, folkmassa exchange student – utbyteselev, utbytesstudent excitement – spänning husky – hes pretentious – pretentiös, arrogant profusely – översvallande set one’s heart on – vara helt inställd på spectacular – spektakulär, imponerande spine – ryggrad to be on fire – uttryck som betyder att vara i toppform twinkle – tindra, glimt i ögat unconventional – okonventionell up-and-coming – lovande

TA L E S A N D L E G E N D S

O F E N G L A N D

and bright orange tank top. I have to admit it suited the lyrics about refusing to conform to social norms and just living your life your own way. It felt kind of like my big, lovable and unconventional family. The second song was a fast one with a rhythm that it was impossible not to dance to. The entire crowd was cheering and whooping. I couldn’t help jumping up and down bobbing my head to the beat. I was so caught up in the moment that I forgot to look around and accidentally bumped straight into someone. He turned around and his brown eyes twinkled with amusement when I started apologising profusely. “Don’t worry about it, mate! Cool band, isn’t it? I’m Charlie, by the way, Charlie Walters”, he introduced himself. “Yeah”, I replied. “The band is spectacular. I’m Alec Kelly”, we shook hands and went to get a couple of sodas at the bar. Turns out he was visiting from Oxford with his friends.

U N I T 1 —— C H A P T E R 1

M E RESE SO A

RC H!

LET’S D

A D V A N C E D

Find out about punk and British punk bands. 1. What is the idea and essence of the music genre punk?

2. Which punk band were Sid Vicious and Johnny Rotten members of?

3. What is their most famous song?

4. Which famous British band recorded the classic song London Calling and what is the song about?

5. What are the songs of the band Cockney Rejects about?

6. Where did the band Buzzcocks get the idea for their name and what does it mean?

7. Look up two more British punk bands and listen to a song by each of them. Which one do you

like better and why?

TA L E S A N D L E G E N D S

EXERCISE

O F E N G L A N D

a) Fill in the blanks. 1. to try out the new videogame?

(är du laddad)

2. Megan Rapinoe was playing her best game yet. She

(var i topp form).

3. Snakes have no

(ryggrad).

(den fylligaste) voice? 4. Which singer do you think has

5. Indiana Jones

6. Thor

(hade varit helt inställd på att) finding the missing artefact.

(hade av misstag) forgotten his hammer in Asgard.

b) Fill in the correct preposition. 1. America is sometimes called the home 2. Jason had promised hospital. 3. You will never guess who I bumped

my way home today. 4. Shuri tapped her feet

the brave.

visit a friend

c) Explain the following words in English. 1. unconventional 2. crowd

3. conform

4. exchange student

when I was

the beat of the music.

the

A D V A N C E D

U N I T 1 —— C H A P T E R 1

d) Fill in the phrasal verbs with OUT. FIND

WATCH

HEAR

SPELL

CHECK

out - explain something in detail

out - look at

out - listen to someone

out - receive information

out - be careful

e) Find the synonym/expression in the text. 1. Promising 2. Impressive

3. Arrogant and snobby

4. The sound of lots of people talking at the same time

IN ENGLISH, PLEASE

1. Tycker du inte att polisen använde okonventionella metoder för att fånga tjuven? 2. Fyrverkeriet har varit spektakulärt varje nyår. 3. Clark Kent tackade Lois Lane översvallande för hjälpen. 4. Hon hade inte spelat datorspel för sitt eget nöje på länge. 5. Läraren trodde inte att elevens hund hade ätit upp läxan av misstag. 6. Kommer du att läsa den lovande författarens bok?

2. When they arrived at the gig, the room was already buzzing with excitement. 3. Has she actually seen Sex Pistols live? How cool is that?! 4. What kind of music is so good that it gives you the chills?

1. It had felt kind of like my big, lovable and unconventional family.

TILL SVENSKA

LE N T!

N U S!

MUSIC IDIOMS Combine the idioms with their meaning. All that jazz

a) good news, something that makes you happy

Change one’s tune

b) to describe someone who is unique and does their own thing despite what others might think

Face the music

c) to change your opinion

It takes two to tango

d) repeating something over and over again

March to the beat of your own drum

e) there are two sides to every conflict

Music to my ears

f) similar things or similar qualities, can be used instead of etc

Sing a different tune

g) accept an unpleasant reality

To sound like a broken record

h) change your opinion about something

Fill in the blanks with the music idioms. 1. Too bad if you don’t want to do the dishes, but you will just have to

2. Oh, stop complaining already, you

since it’s your turn to do them today.

3. After the day I’ve had, your good news is

4. Jane doesn’t care what other people think, she

5. On our first day of school the teachers give us our curriculum, pencils, notebooks and

6. We don’t know the details about the argument, but usually

Speaking of … N ÅGR A A V D E V A N L IGA R E U T TA L S F E N O M E N E N I BRITTISK ENGELSKA Symbolerna för den fonetiska skriften hittar du på s. 320. Att inte rulla på r:en De flesta amerikaner uttalar r-ljudet efter vokaler så som i orden start, north, nurse, car och farm, medan de flesta britter uttalar ett långt vokalljud istället: sta:t, no:θ, nə:s, kɑ: and fɑ:m. Så ett tips för att låta brittisk är att inte rulla på r:et för mycket. OBS! I den skotska accenten däremot hörs ofta ett hårt r-ljud h-dropping Det här betyder att h ljudet i början av ett ord lämnas bort. T.ex. uttalas då Harry som ‘arry och heart blir ‘a:t glottal stop (glottisstöt, stämbandsljud) Betyder att till exempel ett hårt t ljud i mitten av ett ord ersätts med ett strupljud eller en glottisstöt. t.ex. uttalas button som bu’on och Potter blir Po’ə N- och g-ljud Ett annat drag i den engelska accenten är att antingen slopa ŋ-ljudet i slutet av ett ord eller att uttala det med ett utpräglat hårt g-ljud. T.ex. så att wearing [we:riŋ] uttalas wearin’ [we:rin] eller wearing [we:riŋg] Th-fronting (Th uttalas som f) I en del områden som till exempel i Essex och Yorkshire, samt i London dialekten Cockney uttalas th ljudet i början av ett ord som ett f ljud. T.ex. uttalas think som fink och thought blir fought Dessa uttal anses ofta avslöja talarens socioekonomiska bakgrund och var man fått sin utbildning.

B R I T I S H I D I O M S A N D SAY I NGS A penny for your thoughts = a way of asking what someone is thinking Barking up the wrong tree = accusing the wrong person Beat around the bush = avoiding a topic on purpose, to avoid saying what you mean Best thing since sliced bread = something really, really good Call it a day = stop working on something Give someone the benefit of the doubt = to trust what someone says Hang in there = don’t give up Hit the sack = go to sleep Pull someone’s leg = to joke with someone Under the weather = to feel ill or unwell Fill in the blanks with the British idioms. 1. To be honest I feel a bit

. I hope I’m not getting ill. . 2. I didn’t hide your glasses mate, you are

3. Claire Kent felt tired so she told her parents that she was going to

. 4. Janet had finished all her tasks, do she decided to

. 5. You’re very quiet today, 6. Just

, it’s going to be fine. 29

TIP !

Sounding British by using very British words. Do you know what they mean?

Blimey Lovely Gosh Bloody (very) Brilliant Bloke Cheers Rubbish Gutted Quid (pounds)

Can you think of any other very British expressions you have heard?

Irregular verbs for everyone 1a temaformen

2a temaformen

3e temaformen

behandla; dela ut vara göra, tillverka komma gå; fara sitta stänga leda, föra få hitta, finna undervisa, lära (ut) göra, utföra missförstå lägga 1. Oh dear, what

(har hunden gjort) now?

2. Just walk straight ahead, turn right at the intersection and you

(kommer att hitta) the bookshop on your left.

3. What a lovely watch! Where

(fick du den)?

4. Before retiring Mrs Russo biology at George Mason High. 5. Monica

(hade undervisat)

6. Do you remember where you

(stängde inte) the door when she left.

(var) when the Berlin Wall fell?

Grammar 1. VERB

178

2. SUBSTANTIV

229

3. PRONOMEN

248

1.1 Tidsformer – En översikt 1.2 Enkelt presens 1.3 Pågående presens 1.4 Enkel preteritum 1.5 Pågående preteritum 1.6 Perfekt 1.7 Pluskvamperfekt 1.8 Futurum

178 179 189 194 206 210 216 220

2.1 Singularis och pluralis 2.2 Oregelbunden pluralis 2.3 Genitiv 2.4 Artiklar – a, an, the 2.5 Artikel vid egennamn

3.1 Indefinita pronomen I 3.2 Indefinita pronomen II 3.3 Relativa pronomen 3.4 Possessiva pronomen 3.5 Own

229 232 235 242 246

248 256 262 268 273

4. ADJEKTIV OCH ADVERB 278

4.1 Komparation av adjektiv 4.2 Adverb 4.3 Adjektiv eller adverb? 4.4 Oregelbundna adjektiv-adverb-par 4.5 Adverbens komparation 4.6 Nationalitetsord 4.7 Tidsadverbial

278 288 291 293 296 298 307

GRAMMAR

1. VERB

Verbs

Verb är ord som beskriver vad någon gör eller vad som händer. Ex. (to) whistle, (to) scream, (to) rain Du minns säkert från Smooth Sailing 7 att man kan böja verb i olika tidsformer. Ex. I walk to school every day. Yesterday I walked to the mall. This year I have walked over 1,000 miles. By the time it got dark, I had already walked home. This year I’m going to walk to school every day.

1.1 Tidsformer – En översikt The Tenses presens

gör

work

preteritum

gjorde

worked

perfekt

har gjort

has worked

pluskvamperfekt

hade gjort

had worked

futurum

ska göra

will work

178

1.2 Enkelt presens (= gör) The Simple Present

– vad någon gör, vad som händer regelbundet

TO BE = att vara JAKANDE

NEKANDE

FRÅGANDE

am not

Am I?

you

are

are not

Are you?

he, she, it

is not

Is he/she/it?

are

are not

Are we?

you

are

are not

Are you?

they

are

are not

Are they?

NEKANDE

FRÅGANDE

TO HAVE = att ha JAKANDE I

have

don’t have

Do I have?

you

have

don’t have

Do you have?

he, she, it

has

doesn’t have

Does he/she/it have?

have

don’t have

Do we have?

you

have

don’t have

Do you have?

they

have

don’t have

Do they have?

179

GRAMMAR

EXERCISE

 BASIC

Fill in the correct form of TO BE or TO HAVE.

Both my sister and I

(är) huge fans of Manchester United.

We both

(har) ManU scarves, caps, football jerseys,

well, the whole nine yards. Our all time favourite players (är) Bobby Charlton and Wayne Rooney. Sir Robert Charlton, who was born in 1937,

(är) my idol. He

(är) related to many

professional footballers on his mother’s side of the family. Both Charlton and Rooney

(har)

a long history with Manchester United and the England National Team. Charlton together with nine other players

(är) the only English players to claim the Jules Rimet Trophy. This happened in 1966

when England won the FIFA World Cup final against West Germany. My sister fan of Wayne Rooney, a former footballer born in Liverpool. Rooney

(är) a great (är) now a professional

football manager. His family

(är) of Irish descent and he

two younger brothers. Rooney

(är) the record goalscorer for the England National Team

and Manchester United. He

(har) the third highest number of assists in the Premier

League. Well, needless to say my sister and I

EXERCISE

(har)

(har) the same lucky number, 10.

 I N T E R M E D I AT E

In English, please.

Sir Andrew Barron Murray, mer känd som Andy Murray, är en profesionell tennisspelare från Skottland. Murrays äldre bror Jamie spelar också tennis och han är en mångfaldig Grand Slam-segrare i dubbel. Andy Murray har tre Grand Slam- singeltitlar – två från Wimbledon och en från US Open. Tillsammans med Fred Perry är de de enda brittiska herrsingeltitlarna i Wimbledon efter andra världskriget. Murray är också den enda spelaren som har vunnit två olympiska guldmedaljer i herrarnas singel. The Big Four är en grupp spelare som har varit oslagbara under en lång tidsperiod. Andy Murray är en av dem tillsammans med schweizaren Roger Federer, spanjoren Rafael Nadal och serben Novak Djokovic. Det är inte så konstigt att skotten anses vara en nationalhjälte i Storbritannien.

180

EXERCISE

 ADVANCED

Idioms with “TO BE”. Combine the idiom with the definition.

1. To be on track

not a recent style of a product

2. To be in the red

not making enough money to cover expenses

3. To be out of date

have a lot of it

4. To be out of the woods

safely passed through some difficulty

5. To be in the black

earn more than expenses

6. To be swimming in something

continue in the planned direction

7. Fit to be tied

very angry

EXERCISE

 ADVANCED

Idioms with “TO HAVE”. Combine the idiom with the definition.

1. Have a forked tongue

to have the capacity to do something

2. Have an edge over someone

to enjoy something

3. Have someone by the balls

to have control over someone

4. Have someone’s back

to hope for a successful outcome

5. Have oneself something

to have an advantage over someone

6. Have an ear to the ground

to be on the watch for new information

7. Have one’s fingers crossed

to protect someone from harm

8. Have got it in one

to speak deceitfully (= to lie)

181

JAKANDE PRESENS (= gör) GRAMMAR

– används då något händer ofta, regelbundet eller som en vana Ex. My dad works at the local hospital. He really likes his job as a nurse.

I work you

work

he, she, it

works

work

you

work

they

work

 BASIC

EXERCISE

COMPLETE

= jobbar

-s or no -s? Fill in verbs from the box. BEHAVE

GROW

ADORE

WAVE

LEND

ENCOURAGE

DOUBT

1. It’s funny how my two best friends often (avslutar) my sentences, because we know each other so well. 2. I never bring an umbrella when it’s raining, so Dad always

(lånar åt) me his.

3. Every morning when I leave for school Mum and Dad

(vinkar)

at me at the end of our street. 4. My brother always 5. Coach Miller never

(odlar) a beard during the NHL playoffs. (tvivlar på) my abilities even if we’re about to lose a game.

6. This new way of learning

(uppmuntrar)

students to find out about things for themselves. 7. The kids always

(uppför sig) well when their parents’ friends come to visit.

8. My roommate absolutely

(älskar)

Kurt Cobain and Nirvana. She has all their records and lots of other merchandise.

182

DO YOU R E M E M B E R? Ibland behöver HE, SHE, IT en längre ändelse än bara -s: go

→ goes

miss

→ misses

blush

→ blushes

buzz

→ buzzes

match

→ matches

mix

→ mixes

cry

→ cries

(konsonant + y → ies)

Jämför: obey

EXERCISE

→ obeys

(vokal + y → s)

 BASIC

What does Mary do? Fill in -s, -es, or -ies.

She...

1. fly

6. finish

2. fix

7. identify

3. search

8. destroy

4. lay

9. approach

5. discuss

10. impress …and then she (go)

183

home.

GRAMMAR

EXERCISE

 I N T E R M E D I AT E

-s,-es, -ies? Fill in the blanks with the simple present.

1. Somehow Mrs Yoo

(upprätthåller) order

in the classroom without ever raising her voice. 2. Waking up early in November when it’s grey and wet outside really (irriterar) me. 3. Zachary often

(rodnar) when speaking in public.

4. My new phone

(surrar) when the battery is low.

5. In the summer the sun

(bleker) my hair so that it looks lighter.

6. My sister Amy

(tränar) the local youth football team.

7. In the autumn Mum

(torkar) slices of apple and then

(förvarar) them in glass jars.

8. Currently my parents’ company

(sysselsätter) more than 150 people.

9. The hotel we’re staying at

(garanterar) top-quality service.

10. I can tell that Rob

(gillar) me, yet he never

(närmar sig, tar kontakt med) me.

D O YOU R E M E M B E R? Enkelt presens används ofta tillsammans med följande ord: always

never

often

sometimes

usually

every

seldom

regularly

alltid

Ex. I always wash my hands before dinner.

184

EXERCISE

BLUSH

 ADVANCED

Write sentences of your own with the given words. Add more words to make complete sentences. BOAST

POLISH

FRY ENGAGE

CLAIM VANISH

ANALYSE NOD

ALWAYS

NEVER

OFTEN

USUALLY

EVERY

SELDOM

ALLOW

EVERY

Ex. Dr Graffin always listens to punk rock before starting a lecture. 1. I 2. Old Mr Fletcher 3. Professor Neeley 4. You and I 5. Young people 6. Scientists 7. The students 8. Mrs Dean 9. My friends 10. The groundskeeper

185

RARELY

SOMETIMES REGULARLY

GRAMMAR

EXERCISE

 ADVANCED

In English, please!

1. Den här nyligen uppfunna maskinen mäter både din puls och ditt blodtryck. 2. Hon är väldigt bra på att memorera dikter och citat. 3. Vid specialtllfällen tillåter hon sig själv sockerhaltiga godbitar så som bakelser och andra bakverk. 4. Det är vanligt/allmänt att system är för beroende av en person. 5. Jag vet alltid när han håller på att börja gråta eftersom hans röst darrar.

NEKANDE OCH FRÅGANDE PRESENS Ex. Does your sister still ride motocross? – No, she doesn’t ride motocross anymore. She’s into BMX now. NEKANDE I

don’t

know

you

don’t

know

he,she, it doesn’t

know

don’t

know

you

don’t

know

they

don’t

know

FRÅGANDE Do

know?

you

know?

Does

he, she, it

know?

you

know?

they

know?

186

EXERCISE

 BASIC

DON’T or DOESN’T? Fill in.

1. The newborn puppies get dry food yet. 2. On school nights my family members stay up after 10 p.m. 3. After reading A Midsummer Night’s Dream in English class, my friends and I do anything but read Shakespeare. 4. Why airplanes take off like space shuttles? I think it’s because an airplane go any faster than 600 mph. 5. Did you know that most people I know speak more than two languages. 6. Dr Graffin seem like the kind of man who plays punk rock in his garage. 7. One can’t but wonder why all countries offer free education for all children. 8. We need to get rid of this old car that run anymore. 9. My best friend from high school live in the town we grew up in anymore. 10. The moon look that bright tonight.

EXERCISE

 BASIC

DO or DOES?

1. the British Prime Minister live at 10 Downing Street? 2. the River Thames flow through London? 3. puffins (= lunnefågel) nest in England? 4. the Welsh flag feature a dragon? 5. Great Britain have any mountains? 6. all members of the Royal Family live in Buckingham Palace? 7. a full English breakfast include baked beans? 8. Brits celebrate Guy Fawkes on November 5th? 9. Hyde Park in London actually cover 350 acres? 10. all Manchester United supporters hate Liverpool?

187

GRAMMAR

EXERCISE

 I N T E R M E D I AT E Extra! Search the internet to find the answers to the questions.

In English, please.

1. Vad betyder det legendariska varuhuset Harrods’ motto “Omnia Omnibus Ubique”? 2. Har Hyde Park i London gömda monument och statyer? 3. Figurerar Elfin Oak, den 900 år gamla eken i Kensington Gardens, på pärmen av ett Pink Floyd-album? 4. Har fartyg på floden Thames förkörsrätt? 5. Består London Eye av 32 kapslar numrerade 1–33? 6. Täcker mer än 10 000 glaspaneler utsidan av The Shard? 7. Figurerar/Förekommer det faktiskt spöken på Londons spökmetrostationer? 8. Varför har lejonen vid Trafalgar Square kattassar? 9. Avgår Hogwarts Express från King’s Cross Station?

EXERCISE

 ADVANCED

Fill in the gaps with the simple present.

1. Dad always

(skämmer ut) me in front of my friends.

2. Every morning Ms Jordan

(hälsar på) each student

with a friendly “Good morning!” 3. Old Mr Fletcher seldom

(erbjuder) us a ride home

from school although we’re next-door neighbours. 4. My brother always

(blandar/lägger sig i) in other people’s affairs.

5. Her latest blog text

(påstår) that the student council

(ingriper) in the students’ well-being far too little.

6. Our memory of early childhood

(tynar bort, bleknar) as the years go by.

188

EXERCISE

 ADVANCED

In English, please.

1. Mitt namn figurerar i sluttexten för hår och smink. 2. Människor blandar alltid ihop mig med min tvillingbror – han är den med mera fräknar. 3. Skolan räknar med att vinna delstatsmästerskapen i såväl fotboll som i basket i år. 4. Doktor Graffin förtjänar ett extra tack för ordnandet av det årliga musiklägret. 5. Varannan vecka tillåter jag mig själv en liten chipspåse och en glasskula medan jag tittar på engelska fotbollsligan. 6. Min familj skär alltid ut pumpalyktor kvällen före 31 oktober.

1.3 Pågående presens (= ing-form) The Present Continuous

– används då något händer just nu

Jämför enkel och pågående form: Water boils at 100 degrees. (= kokar, alltid) The water is boiling. Turn off the stove! (= kokar, just nu) JAKANDE FORM

NEKANDE FORM

FRÅGANDE FORM

work+ing

am not

you

are

working

you

are not

Are

you

he, she, it

working

he, she, it

is not

he, she, it

are

working

are not

Are

you

are

working

you

are not

Are

you

they

are

working

they

are not

Are

they

Ex. Are you paying attention? – No, I am not listening. I am playing a game online.

189

working

Vera Lillrank Katja Lähde

Vera Lillrank & Katja Lähde

SERIEN SMOOTH SAILING BESTÅR AV:

S M O OT H S A I L I N G 7

Vera Lillrank Katja Lähde

Smooth Sailing 9 text- och aktivitetsbok Smooth Sailing 9 digital elevlicens Smooth Sailing 9 digitalt materialpaket SCHILDTS & SÖDERSTRÖMS

Schildts & Söderströms