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ARBI KAY PAKISTANI ZOBANOON PAR LISANYATI ASRAAT
Maqsood Hasni
Arboon ka bar-e-sagher se sadyoon ka nahain, hazaroon saal ka reshta hai. Arab bar-e-sagher ki mukhtalif valaitoon main mukhtalif hawaloon se aatay jatay rahay hain. Sowahil oon ki tovajo ka khasusi markaz rahay hain aur is kay asaraat kisi na’kisi hawala se aaj bhi mojood hain. Aaj bhi kuch sahili alaqay hain jahaan arbi boli jati hai. Arboon ki aamad se oon kay omomi-o-khsusi rujhanaat, rovaeay, adbi-o-masharti saliqay, tajarti atwaar, tamadni-o-saqafti andaz-o-aqdaar waghera shaori aur la’shaori toor par daramad howay. In omoor kay zeer-e-asar Arbi zoban ka bar-e-sagher ki zobanoon aur raej bolioon ko matasar karma qatee hairat ki baat
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nahain. Marozaat-e-bala ki tasdeeq-o-taeed kay zimun main Hindustani shiar-o-adab, dastanoon aur mazhabi kutab i.e. Ramaen, Bhagvat Gita waghera ko malahzt kiya jana chahiay. Yah amar bhi bahar’toor malhoz-o-khatar rehna chahiay kah Arab, Iran aur Turki ko bhi matasar kartay rahay hain. Ahal-e-faras aur Turkoon ka bhi bar-e-sagher main aana jana raha hai. Bilwasta alfaz ki daramad ka silsala apni jaga mojood raha. Arboon ki bar-e-sagher ki yatra doo hawaloon say khasusan samnay aati hai: 1-
Islam se pehlay ba’toor tajar waghera
2- a- Islam kay baad ba’toor mobalagh, fatay aur siyasi matoob bara’ay panah b- Musalman sufi bhi bar-e-sagher kay mukhtalif alaqoon main warad hotay rahay Talu-e-Islam kay baad Arab waghera ba’toor musalman (khasusan) aa’ay’ Is tara Arbi tehzeeb kay elava Islami
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tehzeeb nay bhi apna rang dikhaya. Bar-e-sagheer ki zobanoonb main mukhsous Islami istalahaat dakhal hoee hein. Agar in zobanoon ka lisanyati motalia karna ho to in omoor ko nazar main rakhna paray ga. Is na’cheez thereer main kuch Pakistani zobanoon ko paish kiya giya hai.
(URDU)
1- Urdu main Arbi kay hazaroon alfaz apni asal ashakal, asal mafaheem aur daisi mafaheem kay sath mostamal chalay aatay hain. Yahaan misalain paish karma mazmoon ko gher zarori tavalat dainay kay mutradaf ho ga. 2- Arbi alfaz ko asal ashkal kay sath qabool kiya giya hai laikin oon kay mafaheem yaksar tabdeel kar diay gay hain. Maslan akhbar, baqaya, hareef, khat,
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khasam, khalifa, radeef, raqam, roza, raqeeb, sharaab, jaloos, ghareeb, aziz, salvat, fitna, rashi, qaiyamat waghera 3- Bohat se Arbi alfaz kay talafaz main tabdeli aa gaee hai laikin mafaheem kisi haad tak qaem rahay hain. Maslan iqraar se aqraar, aqsam se iqsam, ifrat se afrat, ilzam se alzam, ifada se afada, boraq se baraq, izafat se azafat, tanazur se tanazar, jizya se jazya, jima se jama, zimma se zomma wagher 4- Ain ki aawaz omoman bool chal main nahain aati. Maslan maloom malom/malom, ta’alaq se talaq, sama’at se samat, ma’asoom se masoom waghera. Yah surat ziyada’tar Punjabi alaqa main paee jati hai. 5- Ba’az daisi alfaz main Arbi aawazain dakhal ho gaee hain jis kay sabab alfaz Arbi mehsous hotay hain laikin oon kay mafaheem Arbi nahain hain. Maslan ahwaal, oqaat, asami, hoor waghera wahad
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bolay jatay hain. 6- Bohat sari Arbi istalahaat Urdu main dakhal ho gaee hain. Maslan aayat, ahraam, ajal, iman, amam, ameer, tasbeh, jubba, janaza, jarah, jehaad, hujra, haj, hadees, jannat, hamd, deen, dafn, klafn, rabaee, joraab, sajda, shaheed, dozakh, ghusal, qaba, khumas, mukhamas, wazo waghera 7-Arbi talmihaat nay Urdu zoban ko hosn aur sarvat bakhshi hai. Chand eak masalain malahza hoon: Aatash-e-Namrood (Nar-e-Namrood), Ijaz-e-Masiha, hatam, Chah-e-Yusaf, dam-e-Esa, Shajar-e-Mamnoa, Hosan-e-Yusaf, taer-e-Sidra, Lehhan-e-Daodi, Aadam, jalwa-e-Toor, Sabar-e-Ayoob, Tofan-e-Noh, Gulistan-e-Khaleel, yad-e-baiza, Yaqoob bani esraeel waghera 9-Bohat sari zarab-ul-imsal Arbi alfaz se tarkeeb paee hain. Maslan
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*wali kay ghar shitan *Zahar ka Rehman batan ka shitan *Jal to jalal to *jis ki fikr os ka zikr *jis ki surat achi nahain os ki surat kiya daikhni *Jis ki joroo indar os ka moqadar sikandar *Jo qareeb woh zeyada raqeeb *hatam ki qabr par laat marna 10- Taqya-e-kalaam main bhi Arbi alfaz mojood rehtay hain. Maslan Bismilla, insha’Allah, Subhanallah, Alhamdolillah, Allah hafaz, Khair to hai, kher ho, apna khayaal rakheay (take care), toba kar, toba karain, aafat hai, fitna hai, Allah baili, Allah bakhshay, Bismilla karain, Allah karay, zaroor, zarori nahjain, kher se, khizar milay, jis qadar, zara sa/se, barkat hai, eman ki, tajveez bana, bismillah ka
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sawaab ponchay, hasha wa kalla waghera, 11- Baishamar Arbi alfaz ki Urdu tareqa se jamein bana li gaee hai. Maslan Horoon, faqiroon, wakiloon, naqaloon, kitaboon, taqdiroon, safoon, zarortoon, hadoon, haltoon, hojroon, fitnoon, mazhaboon maskinoon waghera Horain, kitabain, jorabain, haltain, hadain, taqdirain, safein, salvatain Hujray, hadsay, safhay, fitnay waghera 12-Un’gint Urdu mahavray aur afal majhool Arbi alfaz se tarkeeb pa’ay hain. maslan khabr aana, khabr hona, khabar milna, khat aana, khat bigarna, khayaal bandhna, khayaal karna, haz othana, haq ada karma, haqiqat khulna, khairbad kehna, khair manana, hisaab banana, hisaab daina, hisaab rakhna, salvatain sonana, haram khana, haram moot marna, haram ho jana, dua daina, dua othna, dua karna, dawa
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othna, haad bandhna, haad se bharna, haad jari karna, dafan karna, damagh chatna, zikar karna, zikar hona, zikar aana, hajamat hona, hajamat banana, zaat se girna, zakhira hona, hijaab aana, hijaab othna, raqam karna, raqam katna, shak karna, shak parna, shak jana, haal aana waghersa 13-Mukhtalif tara kay un’gint marakbaat Urdu main mustamil ho ga hain: Mal pani, sulah safaee, saaf suthra, saaf baat, maal gari, mala maal, zaat Vanti, sad-e-rah, zaat paat, banda bashar, zaat raat, hasal jama, tan badan, jama kharach, maal maro, mola bakhsh, tana mehna, Allah pak, Quran pak, Hadees pak Iman choor, subh dam, subh sowairay, char asbaab, char anasar, joot jama, joor jama, baad azaan waghera Jan-e-alam, azab-e-jan, aiam-e-baharaan, aab-e-hayat, aab-e-rahmat, aab-e-zamzam, aab-e-kosar,
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shab-e-zulmat, wazay-e-ehtyat, andaz-e-ataab, shoor-e-qaiyamat, sadqa-e-jariya, banda-e-khoda, jalwa-e-gul, tahaiya-e-tofan, jazba-e-dil, hangama-e-mehfil fatah-o-nusrat, fatah-o-shakast, qaza-o-qadar, iz-o-jah, hosn-o-qabeh deen aur dunyain, arbi aur ajmi, ameer aur ghareeb pehlay ameer phir ghareeb, pehlay sahib pher malazam, pehlay dwa phir shifa, pehlay niat phir namaz, pehlay salam phir parnaam, pehlay wazo phir namaz, pehlay daam phir kaam ameer ho kah ghreeb, apna ho kah gher, deen ho kah donyan, dil ho kah damagh, angraiz ho kah arbi filfor, filasar, filwaqay, filasal dar-ul-aman, banat-ul-nash, daem-ul-habs, noor-ul-eain, qurat-ul-ein, nar-ul-hataab, rooh-ul-qodas
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jan ka sadqa, mal ka sadqa, chandi ka waraq, aafat ka tukra, aafat ka parkala, shah ka mosaheb raqabat ki aag, shaihad ki churi, shitan ki aant, ji ki aafat, char ki marzi jan se aziz, khayaal se bahar, gherat se ari, shar se bahar 14-Sabqoon Lahqoon se tarkeeb panay walay kuch alfaz ba’toor namona malahza hoon: ahal-e-deen, ahal-e-donyan, ahal-e-sidq, ahl-e-Islam, ahal-e-iman, ahal-e-taqwa baad’akhlaq, baad’tameez, baad’amal, baad’naiat bai’khabr, bai’hal’ bai’iman’ bai’basar, bai’ta’alq, bai’hisaab, bai’dakhal, bai’khoof, ta’haal, taba’maqdoor, taba’hayat, ta’dair, ta’qaiyamat bila’khoof, bila’tasaraf, bila’shuba, bila’hisaab, bila’jawaz hum’kalam, hum’sohbat, hum’asar, hum’nafs, hum’waqt
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na’haq, na’qadar, (bai’qadar bhi mustamal hai), na’jaez, na’monasab gher’hazar, gher’zarori, gher’zaat, gher’insani, gher’shara Allah’pak, Rasol’pak, Nabi pak Peer Sahib, DC sahib, walid sahib Tajarba’gah, taleem’gah, jalsa’gah, jalwa’gah, janaz’gah, eid’gah Taseel’dar, taalqa’dar, mal’dar, hasal’dar, haq’dar, hisa’dar Haram’zada, sahib’zada, ameer’zada, shareef zada Hosn’khaiz, larza’khaiz, qaiyamat’khaiz Zarorat’mand, raza’mand, zafar’mand Karam’nawaz, ghareeb’nawaz, hosn’nawaz Haraf’aashna
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Hisaab’daan Haya’soz Hairat’nak, ghazab’nak, khoof’nak, ibrat;nak Tadbeer’gar, aafat’gar, jalwa’gar Saf’basta Ataat’gozar, mal’gozar, khadmat’gozar 15-Bohat se alfaz Urdu kay lisani set up kay motabaq tarqeeb pa’ay hain. Maslan Mala mal, nasiba, biddati, batakh/batkha, badla, ta’at, na’raaz, hind se hinda, hind se hindu, hind se hindastan, bar-e-sagher, hindvi, ahalyan, jurmana, baili, (sahaili se tarkeeb paya hai), Aagha mina, ata+pat (turki aur Urdu). 16-Issi tara masadar bhi takeeb pa’ay hain. Maslan badalna 17-Mardana aur zanana namoon main bai’shamar Arbi alfaz parnay sonnay ko mil jatay hain. Maslan
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Ahmad deen, Fazal deen, Maqsood Ali, Rasheed Ahmad, Salamat Ali, Noor Mohammad, Barkat Ali, Shahadat Ali, Umar Deen, Amjad Ali, Mahboob Hussain, Akram Khan, Karam Haidri Raiza Bano, Zikra Abbas, Nusrat Shagufta, Maqsoom Akhtar, Afzaal Baigam, Maqbool Baigam, Hamida Baigam, Jannat Bibi, Sahib Jan, Ramzana Bibi, Irha Syed, Umar Khair, Saeeda Pawaiz, Sadia Habeeb, Bushra Naheed, 18-Urdu ki eak ibarat malahza farmaein jis se Urdu par Arbi kay lisanyati asraat ka ba’khobi andaza ho ja’ay ga: “Ghariboon kay sath aap ka bartao aisa hota kah oon ko apni gharibi mehsous na hoti. Oon ki madad farmatay aur oon ki dil’joee kartay. Aksar dua mangtay thay kah Khuda’wand mujhy maskeen zindah rakh, maskeen otha
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aur maskinoon kay sath hasher kar. Aap mazlomoon ki faryad sontay aur insaf kay sath haq dalatay.� 19- Lafzoon ki haiti tabdili: naimat Ali se niamat Ali 20- Manvi tabdili: khasam, rashi, greeb, sharaab (BARAHVI)
1. Bohat se Arbi alfaz apni asal oway hain. Maslan Awal, hal, aakhar, inkar, lutaf, dashkal aur kisi haad tak asli mafaheem kay sath Barahvi zoban main dakhal heen, mazhab, iqrar, khabar, donyain, hisaab, wazo, hosn, fikr, marz, ghazab, azab, khas, khalaq, gham, talab, kitab, ilm, jannat, qiyamat, taqdeer, saraf, aqal, shan, qoom, fana, nasara, kul, shiar, sadqa, kafar, insan, shariat, maloob, maqsood, rasool, maal, shukar, zakat waghera 2- kuch alfaz mafaheem ki tabdeli kay sath is zoban ka hisa ban gay hain. Maslan
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ghreeb, qadar, oqaat, nafa, ash, tariqat, hosla, qadr, majlas, kismet, kitab (Qran-e-Majeed) ghazi, hoor, sharaab, hisaab, qaidi, khajal, taqat, ahwal, khat, tofan, sawab, haqeer, sabaq, marz, ensan 3. Tabdili-e-haiat kay sath Arbi alfaz is zoban main dakhal howay hain. Maslan hawalak (itla milna, ahwal se), ghamak, sadkha (Sadqa), phakeer, nalat (lanat) sowab, kharobo, 4. Arbi khasusan Islami istalahaat ne Barahvi main apni jagha banaee hai. Maslan deen, mazhab, tabeeb, salam alaek, azab, wazo, hasher, shareek, janaza, nafa, moman, haya, eman, qayamat, mohabat, hob, eshq, adalat, mareez, Toaam, mulk, mahboob, ashq, kafar, sherak, shiar, jannat 5. Sabqay joor kar alfaz bana liay gay hain. Maslan shar’surat (hosein), la’jawab, bai’hisaab, bai’hajat, bar’waqt’ neem’mula, ba’safa
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6. Daisi tariqa se jamain banaee li gaee hain. Horain, molkan (milak ki jama), shariataan, lamhaat, raqiban, raqibatan 7. Mukhtalif noeat kay marakbaat parnay ko miltay hain. maslan khush’khabar, kush’hal khushhal-e-halat’ ghareeb-e-siyal’ chawah sawab, khoda-aa-Mustafa, khar-o-khrab, pak-o-sharab, bhang-o-sharab, soob-o-biga, khar-o-kharabo, khas-o-aam, alam-e-fana, rasam-e-kohan, mahboob-e-jani kharan laila, Allah pak, Nabi pak, hoasan na ajeeb, donyan doulat, khabar, kitab’khaan, ghareeb khwaray, ahal ayal 8. Zobanoon main aawazoon ka tabadal aam si baat hai. Maslan Malakhmoot (malkalmoot)
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9. Kuch jumlay awanmi bool chal ka hisa hain jo manvi aur sori hosan main la’jawab hain. Maslan Na iqrar kisah na inkar kisah Maza zindgi da bandgi aee Na khushi tah kami nag ham tah hisab ay Ghreeb ay siyal of Char aee yar rasool 10.Shadi baiah kay gitoon, nohoon, marsihoon margh kay bainoon Arbi alfaz se khali nahain hain. Issi tara majlasi zindgi ki bool chal main Arbi alfaz asal, behroop ya moqami sabqoon lahqoon kay sath shamal hotay rehtay hain. 12- Barahvi zarab-ul-imsal bhi Arbi se tahi nahain hain: Khali aa tofak un ara bandagh khalira Vail badshah tikan ay ghareeb aa Barwakht vail ay Thikri ay sardar ay kasis shaik kunah ay oo kul na’ay kul kun ay
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13- Bohat sari Arbi talmihaat barahvi shaeri mian istamal hoti hai. Kush Arbi alfaz jama laikin Barahvi main wahad istamal hotay hain. Maslan Ahwal, oqaat, hoor waghera 15- Zanana-o-mardana naam bhi Arbi alfaz se khli nahain hain. Maslan Malak dad, Mohammad Fazal, Abdul Haee, Mohammad sadique, Mohammad Sadiq, Roshan deen, Faiaz Mohammad, Morad Ali, Faqeer Mohammad, Basir Ahmad, Khoda-e-Rahmat waghera 16- Barahvi lata’ef aur pahailioon main ba’kasrat Arbi alfaz apni asal shakal aur tabdeel’shuda ashkal kay sath miltay hain.
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BALOCHI
1- Bohat se Arbi alfaz apni asal ashkal kay sath Balochi zoban kay zakhira-e-alfaz main dakhal ho gay hain. Maslan Badal, jism, kharab, khair, hal, sawal, salah, saaf, sabr, qissa, tabiat, mazaq, kitab, khatar, darja, umr, safar, meharbani, yaqeen, mobarak, wasta, salamat, khidmat, akas, hisab, tameez, saboon, samaan, faislah, khayaal, fikr, moaf, khabr, eid, gham, murgh, takleef 2- Bohat se alfaz tabdeli-e-ashkal kay sath Balochi
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zoban ka hissa ban gay hain. Maslan Wakht (waqat), omeet (omeed), nazoor (mazoor), maloom (malomaat, maaloom) waghera 3- Boht se alfaz sabqoon aur lahqoon kay hawala se Balochi tehreer-o-taqreer main shamal ho gay hain. Maslan 4- pa’yaqeen, (yaqenan), bar’wakht, chy’wakht (kab), kam’wakht, kam’umar, maloom’dar (malomaat hasal karnay wala), pur’omeet, neem’jisma, khizmat’gar, minnat’war (shukarriya), baad’tameez, gham’geen’ bai’adbi 5- Tabdeli-e-mafaheem kay sath bhi bohat saray alfaz balochi zoban main dakhal ho gay hain. Maslam janeen (orat), badal (tabadal), hal (itla), khabar (baat), khayaal (hoshyar), samaan (mal-o-asbaab), johalla (nichay), ashar (shutar), qoom (qabila) 6- Bohat saray marakbaat Arbi alfaz se takeeb patay
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hain. Maslan Jan salamti, gat kharaab (gala kharaab), ashar muragh (shutar muragh), zar-e-hawala (draft), kharaab gari, talaaq gaptageen, sar darad (darad-e-sar), kul hisaab, mobarak baat Eid-e-nook (eid ka chand), warg-e-khatar (rehnay kay liay), muzbaba’kar (bawarchi khanay ki zarorat), wakht aa sar (waqt par), khayaal aa baray (sambhal kar), darad aa takleef (darad ki takleef), jan salamti-e-sanad (heath certificate) saman-e-karaya (saman ka karaya) waghera 7- Omomi bool chal main bhi Arbi alfaz dakhal howay hain. Maslan Chay wasta (kis liay), hal badaay (bura hal), taee shukarriya, neharbani bakunb, mini samaan, safar pa khair 8- Arbi aur Islami talmihaat Balochi zoban ka hissa ban gaee hain maslan muragh-e-suleman
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PUSHTO-PAKHTO
1- Boht se Arbi alfaz apni assal ashakaal aur asli-o-daisi mafaheem ke sath Pushto zoban kay zakhira-e-alfaz main dakhal ho gay haim. Maslan imtihan, itraz, intazar, inkaar, barkat, zaat, lazeez, haj, alim, sheikh, ghulam, qasam, qabil, faqeer,fikar, ghalt, sa’at, mal, gharoor, zikar, mal, salah, zarb, zamanat, talaaq, ghussa, adi, fata, yaqeen, illat, adat, halal, zaman, jaieb, noor, qismat, tama, harkat, sadqa, nafa,
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hukam, donya qarz, haram, kafan, oqbq, shan, ghazi, gham, sabr, azmat, zulm, lihaz, qadr, surat, isharah, ghalt, nasiat, ghanimat, haq, shar, razi, qazi, baqi, qaem, bala waghera 2- Bohat se Arbi alfaz tabdili-e-ashkal kay sath Pushto zoban main shamil ho gay hain. Maslan wakht (waqt), safa (saaf), wasa (wasila), batay (baat), kalmia (kalmah), badoo (dadi), sah (sans), dalalay (madah), khabra (hal, khabr), khob, zayaat (ziyada), sahiba (sahib) (dalal), na’raza (naraz), madhay, khezmat, 3- Aksar Arbi alfaz tabdili-e-mafaheem kay sath Pushto zoban ka hessa bun gay hain. Maslan khabra (baat), khali (hafta), shoro (budh), qayamat (nayaab), khair (khalqat), aakheer (aakhar), hajat (zarorat), raseed (ponchna), saba (kal sub), khairaat, bhaikh) mulk (khait), (assal), khalaq, 4- Arbi lafzoon ki jama bananay kay liay bhi daisi atwar
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ikhtayar kiay jatay hain. Maslan ghazi (ghaziyaan), kitabona (kitabain), kamona (qamain) 5- Lafzoon ki buntar main sabqay lahqay bhi ikhtayar kiay jatay hain. Maslan bai’wakht, bai’izati, bar’wakht, maal’dar khoob’surat 6- Marakbaat bhi Pashto zoban main kami nahain. Maslan sahar mal (subh sowairay),sahat wakhti, khushhala (kush hal), zayaat barkat, zayaat ghareeb, Islami mamlakat, khush khabray, Allah pak, daam da jaal, zahar surat, jaieb ke ghari waghera 6- Bohat sari Arbi talmihaat nay Pushto shaeri ko jala bakhshi hai. 7- Bohat saray zanana-o-mardana naam Arbi alfaz se tarkeeb pa’ay/patay hain. 8- Bohat saray Pushto mohavray Arbi alfaz se tashkeel patay/pa’ay hain. Maslan
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Ghairat shata’kol, moqa dna’watal, pa naiat yo hidal, khabra spinol, qasam khoral (khurdan/khana), taba vistal, pa khabra rasidal, izat warko, gham ghaltol 9- Pashto zarb-ul-imsal main bhi Arbi alfaz ba’kasrat nazar aatay hain. Maslan qagha-e-halal dai kho rang ay da mardar day chay pa tama daso roshi Chay aqal-e-kam vet al ay pah khona gham de Harkat kunbay barkat de Khapal amal dah ray mal Tool umar kumbay mayo salam vachova Chay sar hayat vi topaee dhairay Marag na khalasay nishta Pa khoda’ay meharban notool jahan meharba Saqa rah bala
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Banda da banda shitan dai banda da banda Rehman dai 2- Bohat saray Arbi alfaz apni asal ashkaal kay sath daisi mafaheem main mustamal chalay aatay hain. Maslan amin, ghareeb, makan, waqiya, ras, sami (assami), rasam, qul, qalam, fikar (andaisha), misal (tasveer), hoor, qasoor, badal, talab, ekhtalaf, shara sunat (khatna) waghera PUNJABI
1- Arbi kay hazaroon alfaz Punjabi zoban main apni asal ashkal, asal aur daisi mafaheem main warad ho gay hain. Maslan Hamd, na’at, naymat (naymat se niyamat), rahmat, hukam (hukm), rab, jin, malaek, zahar, batan, aeb, qudrat, sukar (shukr), malik, khaliq, surat, qehar (qehr), qalam, kitab, hesaab, noor, arsh, ommat, rasool, makan, hakam, olaad, Aal
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2-Bohat se alfaz maenoon ki tabdili kay sath warad howay hain. Maslan Abtar, aafat, khasam, majlas, sharaab, khat, fitna, tofeeq ba’maeni rasaee, ghareeb, Deen’dar dar kay lahqay kay hawalah se no’muslim kay maenoon main mustamal hai, Asami, ahwal, hoor, baqaya, aafaat, akhbar, waghera Punjabi main wahad istamal hotay hain 3-Bohat se alfaz Punjabi lehjay aur talafaz kay sath istamal main aatay hain. Hajar (hazar), ijat (ezzat), khizmat (khidmat), baizzat (bay’izzat), roja (Roza), niyamat (naymat), sandokh (sandooq), fasaat (fasaad) bsharma 4-Aawazain kam ki gaee hain. Maslan Saee (Sahi), bsabra (baysabra), bqola (bayqola), bsharam (baysharam) Aawazoon ka tabadal aam se baat hai. Maslan
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Maseet (masjad), lajat (lazzat), qarja (qarza), quzrat (qudrat), aamirat (amirat) waghera 1-Muradaf aur mutbadal alfaz bhi aam istamal main aatay hain. Maslan Lakh (moqadar), nark/ narak/nakh (dozakh), hath da dita (sadqa) 2- Maeni taqriban wohi rahay hain laikin ashkaal main tabdeli aee hai. Maslan Aakhila (aakhri), aakhirvaan, aakhila waghera 3- Alfaz gharay gay hain. Maslan Qazae, qarzae, fotitgi, qismati, safan safa, mehnatana waghera 4- Masadar takhleeq howay hain. Maslan Dadlana, ghusalana, qabzana, qabolan waghera 5- Moanas Punjabi sabhao kay tehat takhleeq kiay gay hain. Maslan
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Sabni, ghulamni, fitni, qasaen, aaftan (kaftain bhi mostamal hai), zidan, ansafan, ghaflan, ghafli (donoon, moanas aur mozakar kay liay mostamal hai), qarzan/qarjan, faraiban, zalman, qabolan, qaidan, azaban/ajaban, fasadan, qasoran waghera 6-Jama bananay kay liay bhi Punjabi atwar ikhtayar kiay jatay hain. Maslan Harfaan, amaan, khasaan, amlaan, salamaan, arzaan, lafzaan, mazoraan, akhbaraan, maghroraan waghera Hakimoon, akhbaroon, quzratoon/qudratoon waghera Duaein, arzaein, qazaein, hoorain waghera Khatawaan, duawaan, atawaan, qararaan Khatiyaan, safaeyaan waghera 7- Bai’shamar Arbi istalahaat Punjabi main raej hain. Maslan Jalaab (joraab), moja (moza), haram, halal, haj, kabah,
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wajo/wazo, towaaf, sajdah, kitab (morad Quran), ghusal, qabar (qabr), ibadat, baqreed (baqra Eid), jumah, sadqah, khair khariat, masjad/maseet, fatwa, fatehah, ghons/ghos, nabi, rasool, qiblah waghera 8- Bohat sari Arbi talmihaat Punjabi main raej chali aati hain. Maslan Mah kanani, aadam, Hawa, koh toor, Yusaf, Mosa, Esa, Zakreya, Yahiya, Suleman, khizar, yad-e-baiza Faraon, namrood waghera Aadam kankoon mana karaya Esa bin baap jamya ismaeel noon ziba karaeyo Sabar day tan kiray chalaeyo Yusaf kho poaeyo 9- Punjabi asloob kay hawalah se Arbi ka istamal milta hai. Maslan
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Akhbaroon (akhbar se), taqsiroon (taqseer se), gheboon (ghaeb se), azaboon (azab se), hazoroon (janab, aap, hazoor waghera se) 10- Sabqoon aur lahqoon ki madad se alfaz bananay ka Punjabi zoban main aam ravaj hai. Maslan Ahal walaet (Ahal-e-walaet), zoma’war, qadar’shanas, gher’shara, bay’hesaba, Bay’qadra, bay’shukra (na’shukra bhi mostamal hai), bai’surta, bai’mehnat, bai’mehnata, bsurta, bai’olada, pur’taqseer, zarorat’wan, zarorat’wand, gharaz’wand, fitnadoz, ghareeb’nawaz, deen’dar, 11-Khoob’surat marakbaat Punjabi main pharnay sonnay ko miltay hain. Maslan Peer faqeer, abd khdae, saaf safaee, saaf suthra, ishq kamal, wehum khayaal, wehum goman, sabaq namaj, zida
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zidi, Allah bhaway, makan munawar, khoof raqeeb, zohad kitab, sawal jawab, shara shariat, oot Mohammad, haj namaj, hosan bazaar, ajiz maskeen, khair khariat, akhbar hakaet, hal haqiqat, hal ahwal, hal chaal, fikar andaishah, hob mohabat, sadqay sajday, wah wa khaliq /khaliqa /rabba, peer moreed, naqad-o-naqdi, pakka yaqeen, sohni surat, taiz taba, saaf zoban, pak hukam kaee haji, hika surat, her surat, asal haqiqat, aakhar noon donyan da itbar, rahmat da mehn, ilm da fazal, Aadan da rukh, qudrat da waali, khidmat da ant, qudrat de shiri kujh khasi kujh aami, khar na kaee, sulah na mun surat tay khsiat, moqadam tay patwari, peer tay moreed mehnat vich dhehan, rahmat vich saman, haraf vich sofaidi 12-Zarab-ul-imsal main Arbi alfaz ka istamal bara aam hai. Maslan Taqdeer day agay tadbeer vi naein chalde
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Moot noon dhoya zahmat qabool kiti Nalay haj nalay vanj Jaee rooh tahay fareshtay Nani khasam kita dotray noon chati Miaan bivi razi ki karay ga qazi Tandrusti hazar niyama (niamat) hai Qarz qayamat bukh niyamat 13- Bai’shamar Arbi alfaz kay sath Punjabi masadar jur kar mohavray afaal majhool tarkeeb pa’ay hain. Maslan Allah bhawan/bhavna, sadqay jana/jan, razi rehna, kaam hon/hona, Ghulam hon, surat vaikhan/vaikhna, lutaf karan/karma, surat likhan/ likhna, isharat hon/karan, aakhair vakhan, qovat lavan/lavna, bismillah karna/karan, qabool karan/karma, qasiday pharan/phana, himat karan/karma, matbal niklan/nikalna (matlab
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nikalna) 14-Arbi alfaz takya-e-kalam main bhi nazar aatay hain. Maslan Bismillah ji, Shukar Alhamdollah, masha Allah, subhanalla, in sha Allah, Allah Karim, Allah ta’ala, Allah tobah, tiara koee deen iman vi ay, apnay eman nal kavein, Allah rakhay, Allah bakhshay, Allah Bhanay, Bismillah da sawab bakhshan, rooh noon pandh na poway, Allah jhoot na balay, Allah da dita sub kujh ay, Allah da mal ay, Shukranay day nafal waghera 15-Is ibarat ko malahza karain Arbi alfaz kay istamal ka az’khud andaza ho ja’ay ga: “Ustad horan di gal son kay os noon aj hadoon vad ehsas hoya paee Rab day hukam ottay amal karkay ik qoom aazadi di naimat hasal kar sakdi ay tay saday ghar day halaat qaivain naein badal sakday. Os noon pakka yaqeen si paee Rab da paigham ghalt naein ho sakda.”
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15-Bohat saray zanana aur mardan naam Arbi alfaz se motalaq hotay hain: Ahma (Ahmad Deen), Shida (Abdul Rashid), Gaman (Ghulam Mohammad), fata (fatay Mohammad/Ali), phaja (Fazal Deen), Nora (Noor Mohammad / Deen), Dulla (Abdullah), Soda (Sa’ood/Masood/Maqsood), phira (Faqeer Mohammad/Ali/Hussain), faqiriya (Faqeer Masih/Mohammad), Kamma (Karam Ali), phama (Ghulam Fatima), Noraan (Noor baigam), Rajjo (Raj Fatima/Bibi), Razia baigam, Shidaan (Rasheed Baigam), Hanifaan (hanif Bibi), Shajo (Shanaz Fatima), Jantay (Jannat Bibi), Karamtay (Karamat bibi), safo (Safora), Najo (Nzjiya), Shammo (Shams Bibi) waghera
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SARAKI
1- Sainkaroon Arbi alfaz apni asal ashklal kay sath asal aur daisi mafaheem main Saraeki zoban main dakhal ho gay hain. Maslan Islah, inkar, dua, sehat, saman, gham, azaab, sohbat, jahanam, taqdeer, zulm, haram, halal, zalim, mazloom, moot, naqsh, hal, haq, deen, eman, motmin, khabar, mosibat, sabar, talaq, mal, khair waghera 2- Tabdil-e-ashkaal kay sath Arbi alfaz Saraeki zoban ka hissa ho gay hain: Hawal (ahwal), khizmat (khadmat), wakht (waqt), badkh
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(bat se tarkeeb paya hai), jamat (jama’at) waghera 3- Jama bananay kay liay bhi daisi atwar ikhtayar kiay jatay hain: amlaan, rasolaan, kitabaan, hisabaan, qabraan, lafzaan, ostadaan, salataan, manzalaan, naitaan, kafraan, faqiraan, safaeyaan, ostadiaan, shitaniyaan safay waghera 4-Zobanain alfaz gharnay ki bhi shoqeen hoti hain. Saraeki main bhi yah chalan mojood hai. Maslan Salama laiki, alaki (salam ka jawab),mastori, fitni, qabool se qabola, ghula, safaya, ashitani, sharbat, kariman, rahiman, itbari, makri waghera 6- Sabqoon aur lahqoon se bhi Saraki alfaz tarkeeb patay rehtay hain. Maslan Fikar’wand, fikar’zan, gher’mulkh, paraya mulkh, kharab lok, nakanama ghalt aadmi, had’haram, faqeer ovas waghera
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7- Mukhtalif qisam kay marakbaat bhi pharnay sonnay ko miltay hain. Maslan Had’haram, moot hayati, moot bhali, sikde taseer, kavash qabilay, hal hawal, fikar faraq, Allah baili (baili sahaili ka motradaf hai/bigri hoee shakal hai), Yosaf sani, mushkal nal, faqar walaet, zulam machan, arab sharif, sahi salam, aqal day divay, eid da chan, lanat da tika, lanat de pand, gham de hasi, Allah Allah, manzar manzar, Allah baili, haiyati aala, okha marhala, Aih aadmi, aih manzar, bahoon zalam, rolis khali, sakay aadmi, her naqsh, soom salaat, aas ommeed, Essa de jowar, ghama di mari, til til di khabar, zamanay da khaliq, rasmaan day khalaf, roh koon hijar, polaan vich ghareeb, sabar tay shukar waghera 8- Ba’az misray baray khoob’saurat hain. Maslan Her surat vich toon Ishq Fareed kaee ghar galay Ondi surat mun vich vasdi
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Haj hai oon mukhray da vakhan 9- Saraki kahavatoon main bhi Arbi alfaz mujood hain. Maslan Roti khavay shakir nal paisa bachavay maker nal 10- Saraeki jumloon main Arbi alfaz mojood hotay hain. Maslan Rab day khail niyaray hun Ishq anokhri pir Allah taein koon vadavay Khuda kein aas mand koon khali naein torainda Allah saein aap barkat pasi Allah tein koon taray Lafzaan ki mar daivan (mohavra bhi hai) 11- Moanns Arbi alfaz se tarkeeb pa gaee hain. Maslan Qabool se qabolan, maker se makran, fitna se fitni, Rahim
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se Rahiman, Karim se Kariman, ostadni, kafarni, kafran bhi boltay hain 12- Kuch jamein wahad istamal hoti hain. Maslan Aafat, talaqaan, sami (asami), hawal (ahwal), hoor, qasoor, oqaat waghera 13- Sankroon mohavray Arbi alfaz se tarkeeb pa’ay hain. Maslan Aakar pon, aakar tapawan, aameen karan, ostad pakran, Allah rasi karan, Allah Allah karan, oqaat tay aawan, salsi karan, roh kharab thiwan, shar chavan, shala ta’ala karan, shitan aawan, talaq daiwan, lanat pichoon lagan, waqt tay pakran, khair hoon waghera 14- Bohat sari Arbi tamihaat Saraeki zoban kay zakhira-e-alfaz main dakhal ho gaee hain. Maslan Adam, Hawa, khizar, Mosa, Esa, Yousaf, Toor, Namrood, Hatam, Faraoon, yazeed waghera 15- Ashkhas kay namoon main Arbi alfaz shamal ho gay
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hain. Maslan Mashooq Ali, Mahboob Hussain, Charagh Din, Khair Deen, Ahmad Deen, Rasheed Ahmad, Amjad Ali, Saeed abid, Shakar Ali, Karamat Bibi, Shela Rasool, Bushra khanam, Nasra Parveen, Sahib Jan, Raiza Bano, Zakya, Aesha habeeb, Shahida khatoon, fazal bibi, Umar Khair amra, Karim Fatima, Karam bibi waghera 16- Baishamar Arbi/Islami istalahaat Saraeki zoban ka hessa ho gaee hain. Maslan Qabar, kafan, dafan, zokat, haj, kabah, towaf, qibla, rasool, nabi, masjid, wazo, Quran, iman, deen, Islam, jarab, to’am, holya, halwa, nak naqshah, naqsh, taveez waghera 17- Bohar se Islami istalahaat takya-e-qalaam ban gaee hain. Maslan Bismillah karan, In sha Allah, Mashalla, Alhumdollah, Subhanllah, Allahoakbar waghera
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18- Shaed hi koee aisi ibarat ya shair ho ga jis main Arbi alfaz mojood na ho. Chand Ashar ba’toor namona malahza hoon: Akh day manzar mok vainday hun chakar o rag rag nay lehnday hun (Mumtaz Dar) Naizay tay teer tofanag qehri naz nazar day (Khaja Ghulam Fareed) Noor khandavaan rataan andar akhaan koon mei vat vat balaan (Saleem Ahsan) Sat sik gher’khoda di sab shay wehum khayaal (Khaja Ghulam Fareed)
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SINDHI
1- Un’gint Arbi alfaz Sindhi zoban-o-adab ke zakhira e alfaz main kisi qisam ki ashkali aur manivi tabdili kay bagher dakhal ho gay hain. Maslan iman, barkat, shukar, rooh, mal, naseeb, niat, qazi, qaem, shahid, malik, ahmaq, ashaq, doulat, zaat, salamat, ozar, milk, nishani, tama, hiras, khaab, mobarik, halal, haram, eid, ilat, adat, zaroor, mulk, bala, faeda, khalaq, tabaq, moot waghera 2-Bohat se alfaz tabdili-e-ashkal kay sath sindhi adab aur awami bool chaal main dakhal ho gay hain. Maslan
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Saas (sans), khatmar (naqas), zaman (zamanat), mulo (mulaan), kasaee (sawad ki bajay seen kay sath), mamli (moamlah), faedo (faeda), kam (kaam), eidan (eid) waghera 3-Aksar Arbi alfaz tabdili-e-mafaheem kay sath dakhal howay hain. Maslan Sahib (Khuda) (taqdeer- Punjabi main bhi in mafaheem kay sath mostamal hai), , karam, faqeer, qayaam (qiyamat), lanat (mosibat, dukh, parishani), ghareeb, saraf (khreed’dar) waghera 4- Sabqoon lahqoon ki madad se bhi alfaz tarkeeb pa’ay hain. Maslan Kamzoor 5- Arbi lafzoon ki jamain daisi tariqa se bana li jati hain. Maslan Hooroon, eidoon 6- Arbi alfaz ki aamaizesh se khoob’surat morakabaat
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bana liay jatay hain. Maslan Aqal-e-oman, ilat wahe, adat na wahe, idan mobarak, kuto ba halal, zaat parkan, Ozar ghta, maza moqan, mazhar-e-sidaq-o-safa, omeed-o-yaas-o-hasrat, reshta-e-ulfat, qatra-e-shabnaum waghera 7- Bohat sari Arbi tamihaat sindhi shaeri ka hissa ban gaee hain. 8-Bohat sari Arbi Islami istalahaat Sindhi shiar-o-adab main bila’takalaf istamal main aati rehti hain. Maslan zanana-o-mardana namoon main Arbi alfaz warad ho gay hain
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GOJRI
1- Sakroon Arbi alfaz apni asal ashkal, Arbi aur daisi mafaheem kay sath Gojri zoban main dakhal ho gay hain. Maslan izzat, sehat, gham, qoom, maqsad, naimat, rahmat, naseeb, dua, dunyan, molak, inaam, qismat, aqal, amal, faiz, manzal, haq, fitrat, qudrat, mukhlooq, rooh, basarat, basirat, shak, shakir, shukar waghera 2- Tabdel-e-ashkal kay sath bhi bohat saray alfaz Gojri zoban main dakhal howay hain. Maslan Misr o(misra), hulio (hulya), tarqo (tariqa), hiso (hissa),
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Qsso (qissa), nafo (nafa), Talimo (taleem), nuskho (nuskha), Janazo (janazah), qatro (qatrah), tarya (tara), naro (nara) 3- Arbi istalahat Gojri zoban ka hissa bani hain. Maslan Iman, deen, mazhab, qabr, halal, haram, munsaf, adil, shitan, marz, mareez, qimat, rahmat, haqooq, haya, talaq, jahil, qiyamat, zulm, zalim, mazloom, asool, miras, moaljah, ishq, ashaq, mashooq, gham, yaqeen, millat, qoom, alim wagherah 4- Arbi alfaz se baray khoob’surat Gojri marakbaat tarkeeb pa’ay hain. Maslan Rahmat ko paikar, qudrat ko lashkaro, ishq ko darya, ashaq ko dil, izzat ko thaan, Allah ko Farman, khalqat ko gham, zulm ko hath lamairo, insaf ko hami, ilm ko sikhno, haq ka rah, dunyan ka halat, Sacho Eab, alim fazil, suthro intazam, haq haqooq, maqadmo’bazi, farman opar, bachyan ki Tarbiat, Khuda ki rahmat, Khuda ki qudrat, khabaan ki taveel, izzat tay iqbal, deen tay iman, maqsad
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tay maqsood Dastoor parano, qiyamat jano, insan banoyo, samaan banayo, mal banayo, ishq nachaway, Kitab parhno, waqat gamao, rizq kamano, mahool bachano, zikar karno, toor tariqo, changi Tarya, sehat jawani, zulm kharabo, chango alim, teen talaq, manzal khoto, thoro izzat, Changi halat, yo qool gher kay nal, khair kay nal, waqat kay nal 5- Bohat se alfaz gher’arbi mafaheem kay sath istamal main aatay rehtay hain. Maslan Qisma (maqsad), khair (bhaik), ghareeb (muflis, bai’zar, kangal), sharab (wine), majlis, jalos, qasoor (khata), oqaat, hikmat, shareek (shareqo) waghera 6- Arbi alfaz ki daisi tariqa se jamain bananay ka aam rovaj hai. Maslan Khabaan, shitanaan, haltaan, qomaan, insanaan, afataan, khamaan, amaan waghera 7- Wahad ko jama aur jama ko wahad istamal ka toor
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bhi milta hai. Maslan Oqaat, ahwal, asami, hoor, kasoor waghera 8- Sabqoon lahqoon ki madad se bhi Gojri alfaz tarqeeb patay hain. Maslam Bai’tehqeeq, bai’noor, maqadmay bazi, izzat’dar, zimi’dar, hisso’dar, la’chaar waghera 9- Sifti sabqay lahqay bhi ba’kasrat istamal main aatay hain. Maslan Chango alim, changi tarhya, changi halat, chango misro, suthro intazam, khoob yaqeen, yo’qool, yo’tariqo, kul makhlooq, halal kamaee, akhila Rab, pak nabi, choto bhai, bohat nafo, farshaan opar, thori mehnat, pak rasool, jalvo nairo, sacho khaliq waghera 10- Arbi talmihaat bhi Gojri shaeri ka hissa ban gaee hain. Maslan Aadam, Hawa, Musa, Esa, Khizar, Maraj Shareef, shabraat, Soor israfeel, jabreel, shitan, arsh, sardar
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lolak waghera 11- Bohat se Islami kalmay takya-e-kalam ban gay hain. Maslan Ji bismillah, bismillah karo, Alhamdolillah, Allah hafiz, Mashallah, Inshallah waghera 12- Dr. Sabir Aafaqi ki nazam “khud itmadi” ka eak band malahza farmaein is se Arbi lafzoon kay istamal ka andaza ho ja’ay ga: Allah tairo nasir bandya o malik tay Qader bandya Rehiay daem shaker bandya shak na kariay Sabir bandya Jay toon os naan yaad kariay ko Rab sachay amdad kareay ko 13- Shadi khushi kay gitoon aur marag kay bain aur nohoon masin Arbi alfaz ka bila’takallaf istamal hota rehta hai.
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MIWATI
1- Miwati main bohat se Arbi alfaz apni assal ashkal, daisi istamal aur ba’daisi mafaheem main mostamal hain. Maslan mulak, aseel, maal, eid, mahal, sakhi waghera 2- Tabdeli-e-ashkal kay sath un’gint Arbi alfaz miwati main dakhil ho gay hain. Maslan Munjal (manzal), Koom (qoom), khaphan (kafan), jakhman (zakhm), kismet (qismat), majboran (majbori se), tablig (taligh), jalso (jalsah), kheso (qessa), ojaro(ojalah), okhat (oqat), halwo (halwa), faslo (fasla) waghera 3- Mivati main Arbi alfaz jur kar marakbaat tashkeel
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patay rehtasy hain. Maslan Baqar’eid, baqreed donoon tara se mostamal hai. Kismit ko maro, donyan ko mal, yah asloob Gojri ka bhi hai. Sakhi marad ko sath, Gojri main bhi issi toor se boltay hain. Sangat aseel, khair-o-sar (shar) 4- Mivati main aawazoon kay tabadal ki kaee suratain hain aur yahhi ravaiya Arbi kay sath hai. Maslan a. hy maqsura ki tabadal aawaz wao hai. Maslan jalso (jalsah), khiso (qessah), arso (arsah), (qisso qissa) b. Punjab kay mivatioon ki thisri aur chothi nasal “alaf” ki aawaz ko bhi wao main tabdeel kar daiti/rahi hai. Maslan ando (anda) c. Pari mivati main hay maqsura kay liay alaf ya alaf ki se aawaz nikaltay hain. Maslan jalsa/jalso, sadma’sadmo, waghera d. Zaal ki aawaz ka mivati jeem tabadal hai. Maslan Jomo (zima), jikar (zikr), jael (zaiel) wagherah
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e. Soad ki aawaz kay liay seen mostamal hai. Maslan sab/saeb saeb (Sahib) Khaso/khasa/kha’asa (khsah) Khalas/khalis Sadko/sadka Sadmo/sadma (sadmah) f- Zawaad kay liay jeen ki aawaz bool chal main aati hai. Maslan jaep/jaeph, oojo (wazo), jabta/jabita/japto/jaebta (zabta), japt/japti/jabat/jabti (zabt/zabti), jaeya/jaya jamun/ja’amun g- Zaal ki aawaz jeem main tabdeel ho jati hai. Maslan jakaat/ja’akaat (zakat), japran/ja’aphran (zafran) h- Sheen ki aawaz ki mutbadal aawaz seen hai. Maslan bashr se baser, shahi se sahi, Shrab se sarab/sa’araab,
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sharbat se sarbat, shubah se suba/subo saruko/sarika/sarika/sariko i- Qaaf ki aawaz ko kaaf main tabdeel kar daitay hain. Maslan shooq se sook wagherah j- Khy ki aawaz kaaf main tabdeel ho jati hai. Maslan khalipha/khalipho/khaelipha/kha’alipho (khalifa) wagherah k- Fay ki aawaz phay main badal daitay hain. Maslan aphraat/aphar’at/aphraat, phitno/phitna (fitnah), pharman (farmaan), phursat (fursat), pharaj(faraz) l- Ghasi ki aawaz gaaf main tabdeel kar daitay hain. m- Qaaf ki aawaz ka tabadal khay bhi hai. Maslan khissop, khasbo (qesba), tuphan(tufan) n- To’ay ki mutbadal aawaz tay hai. Maslan tuphan (tufan), tarj (tarz)
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o- Mivati mohavroon main Arbi alfaz ka istamal hota rehta hai. Maslan khapun (kafun) pharan, daphan karan, pharaib dain, tuphan avan, kismit ajman, kismat jagan, phitno jagan, taliph pharman, honslo totan, sakal bigran p- Bohat se Arbi tamihaat mivati shaeri main raej ho gaee hain q- Arbi istalahaat ki mivati main kami nahain. r- Mardana aur zanana namoon main Arbi alfaz dakhal ho gay hain. Maslan Mohammad Sariph, basir Ahmadf, Sadeek khan, Deen bibi, jannat Bibi, Noor Boibi s- Bar-e-Sagheer ki dosri zobanoon ki tara mivati main “noon� ka hashvi istama aam se baat hai. Maslan honslo wagherah
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