SKILLINGS MINING REVIEW JULY 2023

Geotechnical

Skillings Mining Review of CFX Network LLC, publishes comprehensive information on global mining, iron ore markets and critical industry issues via Skillings Mining Review Monthly Magazine and weekly. SMR Americas, Global Skillings and Skilling Equipment Gear newsletters.

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Energy Transition Targets at Risk as Labor Shortage Looms

In a worrying development for the global energy sector, the ambitious Energy transition objectives to cleaner and more sustainable energy sources face a significant threat.

Asevere labor scarcity is currently threatening the industry, jeopardizing the recent progress towards a greener future. The global energy sector's ambitious transition to cleaner and more sustainable energy sources is facing a significant threat due to a severe labor shortage. This shortage jeopardizes the progress made towards a greener future.

The expansion of the renewable energy industry has outpaced the availability of professionals with the necessary training, creating a scarcity of skilled workers in high demand. Additionally, the aging workforce in traditional energy sectors

further compounds the problem, as experienced employees approach retirement without enough qualified replacements. The COVID-19 pandemic has also disrupted labor markets, delaying training programs and limiting international mobility.

The consequences of this labor shortage extend beyond the renewable energy sector, impacting economic growth, job creation, and the battle against climate change. It not only hinders the industry's expansion but also threatens the livelihoods of workers who rely on renewable energy opportunities.

Global Mining Industry Assets Unearthed

A Comprehensive Look into the World’s Mining Wealth

Recent research has uncovered the immense wealth concealed beneath the surface of our planet. It has been discovered that the global mining industry, which is renowned for its ability to extract valuable minerals and resources, possesses a variety of continent-spanning assets. This discovery is expected to shed light on the true magnitude of the world’s mineral wealth and its potential impact on various economies.

Agroup of geologists, mining specialists, and financial analysts collaborated on a comprehensive research project, examining mining operations, exploration projects, and mineral deposits across the globe. The findings provide a compelling look at the industry’s enormous assets.

The analysis revealed that the mining industry possesses an astounding variety of valuable resources, from precious metals such as gold, silver, and platinum to essential minerals such as lithium, cobalt, and rare earth elements. In turn, these commodities perform essential roles in industries such as electronics, renewable energy, automobile manufacturing, and jewellery.

The South African Witwatersrand Basin, nicknamed the “Golden Arc,” is one of the most significant assets discovered. Historically renowned for its vast gold reserves, this gold-rich

region continues to contribute significantly to the global gold supply. Mining operations have been ongoing in this region for over a century, demonstrating the durability of certain mining assets.

The Pilbara region in Australia is an exceptional mining asset, predominantly because of its vast iron ore deposits. This region’s high-grade iron ore has become an integral part of the global steel industry, playing a pivotal role in infrastructure development and global construction initiatives.

The Atacama Desert in Chile is recognized as one of the world’s richest sources of copper. South America also possesses significant mining assets, with the Atacama Desert being one of the richest sources of copper in the world. Copper mines in the region have been instrumental in supplying the metal for a variety of applications, including electrical infrastructure,

telecommunications, and renewable energy technologies. In North America, the province of Saskatchewan in Canada is home to significant potash reserves. Potash, a crucial component of fertilizers, is indispensable for agricultural productivity and food security. This region’s mining industry has played a crucial role in global food production, helping to meet the ever-increasing demand for cereals.

Indonesia’s vast mineral resources, particularly its coal and nickel deposits, have made it a significant participant in the global mining industry across Asia. Coal remains an essential energy source for many nations, whereas nickel is essential for the production of stainless steel and batteries for electric vehicles. As the global demand for minerals and resources continues to rise, it is impossible to overstate the significance of these mining assets. The analysis demonstrates that the mining industry remains a pillar of many economies, contributing to employment and economic development by providing essential resources.

However, it is essential to recognize the environmental and social effects of mining activities. To ensure the preservation of ecosystems, the well-being of local communities, and the mitigation of climate change, responsible and sustainable practices are crucial.With these new insights into the assets of the global mining industry, stakeholders and policymakers can make informed decisions about resource management, investment opportunities, and sustainable development. To ensure a prosperous and equitable future for future generations, it will be essential to harness the potential of these resources in an ethical and sustainable manner.

Unearthing the Environmental Toll: Exploring the Impact of Mining on our Planet

Mining, a vital industry that drives economic expansion and provides essential resources, frequently imposes a substantial environmental cost. Concerning land degradation, water pollution, and the loss of biodiversity, the environmental effects of mining activities are alarming.

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The negative effects of mining and the urgent need for sustainable practices in the industry.

8 Degradation of the land is one of the most obvious and immediate effects of mining operations. The extraction of minerals and the construction of mining infrastructure can result in deforestation, soil erosion, and the devastation of habitats. Once a region has been mined, the land may become infertile and unfit for future use, leaving behind wounds that endure for generations.

8 In addition, mining operations frequently demand significant quantities of water. This extraction can deplete local water sources, influencing aquatic ecosystems and communities that depend on these bodies for survival. Frequently, the discharge of mining effluent contains toxic chemicals and heavy metals, contaminating rivers, lakes, and groundwater resources.

8 Loss of biodiversity is another significant consequence of mining. Numerous mining locations are situated in ecologically sensitive regions, such as forests and wetlands, which are home to a wide variety of plant and animal species. The disruption of ecosystems caused by the devastation of habitats during mining activities can result in the displacement or extinction of species. Loss of biodiversity has far-reaching effects on ecosystem stability, pollination, and ecosystem services as a whole.

8 Air pollution is another issue associated with mining operations. Dust and particulate matter generated by mining operations can have a negative impact on air quality, endangering the health of both workers and adjacent communities. In addition, the combustion of fossil fuels in mining equipment and transportation contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and aggravates climate change.

COAL REMAINS AN

8 Additionally, mining practices can have indirect effects on neighbouring communities. The influx of employees and development of infrastructure can strain local resources and infrastructure, resulting in increased strain on communities. In addition, conflicts over land rights, traditional practices, and resource distribution may undermine the social and cultural fabric of communities.

8 To address these environmental challenges, governments, mining companies, and civil society must collaborate. Implementing stringent regulations and monitoring mechanisms can ensure that mining activities adhere to environmental standards and have a minimal impact on the environment. Adopting sustainable mining practices, such as responsible land reclamation, water recycling, and emission reduction, can lessen the negative effects on the environment.

8 Investing in research and development of cleaner technologies, such as mining equipment propelled by renewable energy, can help reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. Promoting transparency and accountability through stakeholder engagement and community participation can promote responsible mining practices and protect local ecosystems and livelihoods.

8 It is crucial that stakeholders perceive the significance of sustainable mining practices in preserving the planet’s natural resources and mitigating negative environmental impacts. It is essential for long-term sustainability and the welfare of both current and future generations to strike a balance between economic and environmental concerns.

By promoting responsible mining practices, we can work toward a future in which mineral extraction occurs in harmony with the environment, minimizing the ecological impact and ensuring a more sustainable and resilient planet for all.

essential energy source for many nations, whereas nickel is essential for the production of stainless steel and batteries for electric vehicles.

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Cobalt Mining in the DRC Requires Urgent Attention

A Call for Responsible and Sustainable Practices

The cobalt mining industry in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has come under intensified scrutiny in recent years due to its alarming human rights violations, environmental degradation, and lack of responsible practices.

The increasing demand for cobalt, a key component in batteries and electronics, has brought attention to the ethical challenges associated with its extraction. Issues such as child labor, hazardous working conditions, and environmental degradation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo have raised concerns about responsible sourcing.

The involvement of artisanal miners and the negative impact on both miners and communities exacerbate the situation. Collaborative efforts among governments, mining companies, and consumer electronics corporations are crucial in addressing these challenges.

Concrete steps must be taken to ensure accountability and sustainability, including measures to eradicate child labor, improve working conditions, and mitigate environmental damage caused by cobalt mining.

It is imperative that international stakeholders, including governments, mining companies, and consumer electronics corporations, collaborate and take concrete measures to ensure responsible and sustainable cobalt mining practices in the DRC in order to address these urgent concerns. This can be accomplished by taking the following steps:

8 Increased Transparency: Businesses should reveal their supply chains, including the origin of cobalt, in order to facilitate the monitoring and substantiation of their responsible practices.

8 The eradication of child labor and the provision of secure working conditions for miners should be of the utmost importance. Companies must collaborate closely with local communities and governments to implement and effectively enforce stringent labor regulations.

8 Initiatives for Community Development: Mining companies should invest in community development programs to provide alternative livelihood opportunities, enhance

infrastructure, and support education and healthcare services in affected regions.

8 Environmental Protection: To mitigate the ecological impact of cobalt mining, stringent environmental regulations must be implemented. This includes waste management, reforestation, and the utilization of healthier extraction technologies.

8 Establishing an independent certification and auditing system for cobalt mining can guarantee compliance with responsible practices. This system should include routine inspections and evaluations of mining operations, holding companies accountable for their conduct.

Lucrative Graduate Degree Mining Jobs

Unlocking High-Paying Careers in the Industry

Professionals with advanced degrees in mining are in greater demand for their specialized knowledge and expertise as the global mining industry experiences robust growth and advancements. These advanced credentials provide access to a variety of lucrative employment opportunities, with salaries exceeding $75,000 and guaranteeing rewarding career paths in the mining industry.

As the global demand for essential minerals, metals, and energy resources increases, mining companies are actively pursuing highly skilled individuals to drive innovation, ensure operational efficiency, and navigate complex geological obstacles. With a master’s degree in mining, professionals can position themselves as valuable assets in this dynamic industry and secure high-paying positions in line with their career goals.

A mining engineer is one such lucrative career option for mining graduates. These experts are accountable for designing and implementing mining plans, optimizing extraction techniques, and supervising mining operations. Mining engineers perform an essential role in ensuring safety, maximizing productivity, and reducing environmental impact. With their expertise, they can command salaries well in excess of $75,000, with the potential for substantial increases as they gain experience and undertake leadership roles.

Geologists with advanced degrees also have superb employment opportunities in the mining industry. These experts investigate the constitution of the earth, interpret geological data, and identify valuable mineral deposits. Their insights contribute to well-informed exploration, resource estimation, and mine planning decisions. Geologists with advanced degrees frequently specialize in geochemistry, geophysics, or geological modeling, which makes them highly desirable to mining companies. Geologists with a graduate degree can earn salaries in excess of $75,000, particularly those with specialized skills and experience in high-demand fields.

Professionals with advanced degrees in mineral processing or metallurgical engineering are also highly valued by

mining companies. These professionals concentrate on extracting and refining valuable metals and minerals from ores, optimizing extraction processes, and maximizing resource recovery. Their knowledge of sophisticated technologies and metallurgical principles contributes to increasing operational efficiency, decreasing waste, and enhancing product quality. These positions command salaries in excess of $75,000, commensurate with their specialized expertise and significant contributions.

In addition to traditional mining disciplines, the mining industry is increasingly seeking professionals with advanced degrees in environmental science or sustainability. As environmental regulations become more stringent, mining companies seek individuals capable of navigating complex environmental challenges and promoting sustainable practices. Environmental specialists collaborate with mining operations to ensure compliance with regulations, implement effective environmental management strategies, and mitigate mining’s ecological impact. Combining a passion for environmental

stewardship with lucrative employment opportunities, graduates in this field can secure well-compensated positions.

To enter these lucrative fields, aspiring mining professionals should prioritize earning a master’s degree in a pertinent subject. Universities and colleges around the world offer specialized programs in mining engineering, geology, mineral processing, metallurgical engineering, and environmental sciences, equipping students with the requisite knowledge and skills to excel in the industry.

The demand for professionals with advanced degrees will increase as the mining industry continues to develop and grow. A master’s degree in mining opens the door to a financially and professionally rewarding career, with salaries exceeding $75,000 and ample opportunities for growth and advancement. Prospective mining students and professionals are encouraged to investigate these educational paths and take advantage of the exciting opportunities that await them in the flourishing mining industry.

Top Junior Mining Stocks

Exploring the Hidden Gems

Junior mining stocks have long been regarded as the hidden jewels of the investment world, capable of delivering substantial returns. These lesser mining companies, which frequently engage in the exploration and early development of mineral deposits, have substantial growth potential. We have compiled a list of junior mining equities that should pique the interest of investors seeking profitable opportunities.

1. GoldStrike Resources Ltd.

GoldStrike Resources has garnered acclaim for its promising mining ventures in North America, where it focuses on gold exploration. The strategic land positions of the company in Yukon, Canada, are rich in gold and offer tremendous exploration potential. Investors anticipate a substantial increase in value as GoldStrike continues to expand its resource base and advance its projects.

2. SilverPeak Metals Inc.

SilverPeak Metals stands out as a compelling intermediate mining stock as demand for silver remains robust across

numerous industries. The organization has secured highly promising silver ventures in prime locations, such as Mexico and South America. SilverPeak Metals is poised to capitalize on the silver market’s development potential thanks to its expert staff and commitment to sustainable business practices.

3. LithioCorp Resources Ltd. is a publicly traded company.

As the world embraces the electric vehicle revolution, LithioCorp Resources becomes a major participant in the lithium industry. The corporation focuses on the exploration and development of lithium deposits, which are necessary for

the production of batteries for electric vehicles. LithioCorp Resources’ portfolio of lithium properties in key regions, including North America and Australia, positions it to meet the soaring demand for this vital resource.

4. UraniumEnergy Corporation

UraniumEnergy Corp. attracts interest as a junior mining stock as nuclear power acquires popularity as a clean energy alternative. In the United States, the corporation has a diverse portfolio of low-cost and scalable uranium projects. UraniumEnergy Corp. positions itself as a market leader in light of the potential for a rise in uranium demand in the future, which will be fueled by global energy transitions.

5. CopperQuest Mining Ltd.’s stock symbol is CQM.

Copper, a crucial metal for infrastructure and renewable energy initiatives, offers an attractive investment opportunity. CopperQuest Mining actively explores and develops copper projects in politically stable regions. Given the rising demand for copper as a result of renewable energy initiatives and

the electrification of transportation, CopperQuest Mining’s ventures are very promising for investors.

Navigating the Path to Success: Key Factors to Consider When Investing in Junior Mining Stocks

Investing in junior mining stocks can offer significant returns but requires careful consideration. Key factors to evaluate include exploration potential, resource base, management team expertise, financial position, jurisdiction stability, market demand, risk assessment, and environmental responsibility. Assessing the quality and quantity of mineral deposits, evaluating management's track record, analyzing financials, considering political stability and mining regulations, understanding market dynamics, and addressing risks are crucial. Additionally, examining a company's commitment to environmental and social responsibility is essential. Diligent evaluation and risk management can enhance the chances of success in investing in junior mining equities.

Unveiling the Top 10 Coal Mining Stocks for Investors

we present the top 10 coal mining stocks that have caught the attention of investors aiming to navigate the energy market’s potential.

As the global energy landscape undergoes rapid transformation, coal mining stocks have emerged as an intriguing investment opportunity for those looking to capitalize on the

evolving dynamics of the sector. Despite the increasing focus on renewable energy sources, coal still plays a significant role in powering industries and economies around the world.

lurgical coal mines in the US. The company offers an appealing investment proposition.

Alliance Resource Partners, L.P. (ARLP)

It is a diversified coal producer with a strong focus on the Illinois Basin. Its conservative financial management, coupled with its commitment to sustainable mining practices, positions it favorably in the changing energy landscape.

Peabody Energy Corporation (BTU)

It boasts a diversified portfolio of mining assets across the US and Australia. The company’s strategic initiatives and cost management measures have positioned it well to adapt to market fluctuations.

Arch Resources Inc. (ARCH)

It is a leading producer of metallurgical and thermal coal, primarily serving customers in the steel and power generation sectors.

CONSOL Energy Inc. (CEIX)

With a focus on natural gas and coal production, CONSOL Energy stands as a prominent player in the energy sector.

Warrior Met Coal Inc. (HCC)

Specializing in the production and export of high-quality metallurgical coal, It has

established itself as a key supplier to the global steel industry.

Arch Coal Inc. (ARCH)

As a leading coal producer in the US, Arch Coal is known for its high-quality assets and operational efficiency. The company’s strategic investments and focus on innovation enable it to navigate market dynamics.

Contura Energy, Inc. (CTRA)

It is a leading provider of metallurgical and thermal coal. The company’s robust production capabilities and strong customer relationships contribute to its growth potential.

Ramaco Resources, Inc. (METC)

It focuses on the development and operation of low-cost, high-quality metal-

Coronado Global Resources Inc. (CRN)

It is an international producer of high-quality metallurgical coal, serving customers across Asia, Europe, and the Americas. Its diversified portfolio and strategic geographic positioning make it an attractive choice for investors.

Yanzhou Coal Mining Company Limited (YZCAY)

It is a China-based company engaged in coal mining operations. The company offers exposure to the growing energy demands of the Asian market. Investing in coal mining stocks carries inherent risks due to factors such as changing regulations, environmental concerns, and shifting energy market dynamics. Investors should conduct thorough research, assess their risk tolerance, and consult with financial professionals before making decisions.

Ukraine Coal Mines Confront Increasing Challenges and Risks Amidst Russian Invasion

As the conflict between Ukraine and Russia escalates, the nation’s coal mining industry is confronted with a variety of unprecedented difficulties and dangers. As Russian forces advance into Ukrainian territory, coal mines have become hotspots of concern, threatening production and miner safety. The Ukrainian mining industry seeks innovative strategies to safeguard their operations and mitigate the effects of the ongoing crisis as the situation evolves.

The risk of accidents in Ukraine coal mines

The safety of miners in Ukraine has become a growing concern due to the conflict and its impact on the region's infrastructure. However, the Ukrainian mining industry remains committed to prioritizing miner safety and is actively working to mitigate risks and improve safety measures. Collaborative efforts between the government and industry stakeholders include identifying alternative transportation routes and enhancing mine security and emergency response capabilities.

Ukraine, a significant player in the global coal market, holds sizable coal reserves. Nevertheless, the Russian invasion has unleashed a multitude of formidable obstacles that endanger this essential sector.

The disruption of supply chains is one of the most significant obstacles that coal mines in Ukraine encounter. Conflict has disrupted transportation routes, making it challenging to transport coal from mines to power plants and other consumers.

This disruption hinders not only the industry’s capacity to meet domestic demand but also the nation’s coal export capabilities. Therefore, the coal industry in Ukraine is experiencing financial difficulties, limiting its ability to maintain operations and invest in modernization.

International assistance and cooperation are crucial in addressing the challenges faced by Ukraine's coal mines, with technical assistance, financial aid, and cooperation from the global mining community being essential. Despite the uncertainties, the coal extraction industry in Ukraine is determined to protect its operations, workforce, and contribute to energy security by embracing innovation and strategic planning.

Ukraine’s Resilient Coal Miners Respond to Invasion with Determination and Innovation

In the face of the ongoing invasion by Russian forces, the courageous coal miners of Ukraine are demonstrating resilience and resolve. These industrious individuals, who are the backbone of the nation’s coal mining industry, have been actively adapting to the difficult conditions by employing creative strategies and a steadfast dedication to their work. Their response exemplifies not only their indomitable spirit

but also the industry’s crucial role in ensuring energy security during turbulent times. Coal miners in Ukraine are facing numerous challenges and dangers due to the ongoing conflict. Disrupted transportation routes, compromised infrastructure, and a sense of unpredictability have made it difficult for them to operate. However, the miners have shown resourcefulness and adaptability in their response to the invasion.

One crucial aspect of their response has been the adoption of alternative modes of transportation. With conventional supply chains disrupted, miners have found innovative ways to deliver coal to power plants and consumers. They have utilized alternate routes, such as railroads and waterways, to avoid conflict-affected areas.

Safety has remained a top priority for the miners despite the increased risks. Mining companies have worked with government agencies and industry experts to implement stringent safety protocols. This includes enhanced training programs,

improved emergency response capabilities, and increased monitoring and maintenance of secure working conditions.

The invasion has also prompted the mining industry to focus on innovation. Investments are being made in cutting-edge technologies and machinery to improve efficiency and output. Automation, remote monitoring systems, and digital solutions are being implemented in high-risk areas to optimize operations and reduce human intervention, leading to a more modern and sustainable coal mining industry in Ukraine.

The international mining community is supporting Ukraine's coal miners through knowledge-sharing, financial aid, and technical expertise. The miners demonstrate resilience by adopting alternative transportation, prioritizing safety, and investing in technology. Their commitment to energy security and economic stability shines through their unwavering determination and vital contribution to Ukraine's energy landscape.

Mining Industry Faces Employment & Talent Challenges

Amidst Technological Advancements

Faced with accelerated technological advancements, the mining industry faces substantial employment and talent issues. The industry is battling the need to upskill its workforce and attract new talent as automation and digitalization replace traditional mining techniques.

To address this issue, mining companies are concentrating on enhancing and retraining their current workforce. Implementing training programs to empower employees with the knowledge and skills required to operate and maintain new technologies By investing in training and development, companies hope to retain experienced employees and offer them opportunities to transition into new roles that complement automated systems.

The mining industry has endured a significant transformation over the past decade due to the adoption of innovative technologies. Autonomous vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, and advanced analytics have revolutionized mining operations, allowing businesses to extract resources more efficiently and safely. Despite the fact that these developments have unquestionably increased productivity, they have also reduced the demand for manual labor.

The displacement of employees as a result of automation is one of the primary obstacles facing the mining industry. Increasingly, robots and machines are carrying out tasks that previously required human miners. This shift has resulted in job losses and diminished employment opportunities for traditional mining workers, especially those engaged in physically demanding and repetitive duties.

In addition, the mining industry recognizes the necessity of attracting new talent with diverse skill sets in order to support the ongoing digital transformation. Nevertheless, attracting young professionals to the mining industry presents a unique set of obstacles. Potential candidates are deterred from pursuing a career in mining due to the perception that the industry is environmentally destructive and hazardous.

To combat this misconception, mining companies are collaborating with educational institutions to promote the industry and highlight its technological advancements. They are forming partnerships with universities and vocational schools in order to develop specialized programs that meet the sector’s evolving requirements. These initiatives seek to attract a new generation of skilled professionals by showcasing the potential for high-tech, sustainable mining techniques.

In addition, efforts are being made to enhance the mining industry’s diversity and inclusiveness. Since men have historically dominated the mining industry, increasing gender and ethnic diversity is crucial for fostering innovation and

addressing the talent shortage in the sector. Companies are instituting diversity and inclusion programs and initiatives to create an environment that is welcoming and inclusive and appeals to a broader pool of candidates.

Employment and talent challenges in the mining industry are complex and require a multifaceted approach. It is essential to guarantee a fair transition for affected workers and create opportunities for skill enhancement and retraining. Attracting new talent and cultivating a diverse workforce are essential for the long-term success and viability of the industry. By embracing these challenges head-on and instituting innovative strategies, the mining industry can not only navigate the changing employment landscape but also thrive in the era of technological progress. The mining industry’s commitment to investing in its workforce and promoting sustainability will be instrumental in defining its future and securing its position as a vital sector of the global economy.

Mining Companies Take Action to Address Talent Shortage in the Industry

Due to evolving technological advancements and shifting workforce dynamics, the mining industry is intensifying its efforts to combat the talent shortage that has emerged. Globally, mining companies are implementing innovative strategies to attract, develop, and retain qualified professionals, thereby ensuring the industry’s long-term growth and sustainability.

Mining companies are adopting decisive measures to address the industry’s talent shortage. Through collaborations with educational institutions, targeted recruitment strategies, and ongoing training programs, these companies are developing a talent pipeline that meets the evolving requirements of the mining industry. By embracing diversity, promoting sustainability, and offering growth opportunities, the mining industry seeks to attract and retain skilled professionals who will shape the industry’s future and ensure its sustained success.

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Minnesota Power receives EEI Emergency Response Award

Duluth, Minn.—Minnesota Power, a utility division of ALLETE Inc. (NYSE: ALE), received the Edision Electric Institute’s (EEI) Emergency Response Award for its response during an historic winter storm in December of 2022.

Presented to EEI member companies twice a year, the Emergency Response Awards recognize recovery and assistance efforts of electric companies following service disruptions caused by extreme weather or other natural events. The winners were chosen by a panel of judges following an international nomination process, and the awards were presented during EEI’s summer Board of Directors and CEO meeting held in conjunction with EEI 2023.

On Dec. 14, 2022, a destructive winter storm hit Minnesota Power’s service area, dropping up to 2 feet of heavy, wet snow driven by strong winds. The weight of the snow and the high winds left behind a tangle of broken trees and limbs in many areas, complicating access to remote power lines that sustained damage.

EEI IS THE ASSOCIATION THAT represents all U.S. investor-owned electric companies. Its members provide electricity for more than 235 million Americans, and operate in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.

About 14,800 customers were without power by the morning of Dec. 15, and Minnesota Power reported at least 100 wires down. Deep snow hampered travel to the affected areas and slowed the overall response. Crews working 16-hour days used snowmobiles and other tracked vehicles to patrol power lines where roads were not yet plowed. After working through extremely challenging conditions—deep snow, ice, cold, snow-laden trees and unplowed roads—for five days, crews restored power to the last 200 Minnesota Power customers on the evening of Dec. 18.

“This was the worst winter storm Minnesota Power has ever faced in terms of the number of outages and reports of wires down,” said ALLETE Chair, President and CEO Bethany Owen. “I’m so proud of the incredible work and dedication of our lineworkers and our support teams, who powered through difficult conditions to safely restore power to our customers and communities.” Minnesota Power enacted its emergency response plan Dec. 15, and the company stayed in close contact

ALLETE Chair, President and CEO Bethany Owen accepts the Emergency Response Award from EEI President Tom Kuhn on June 12 at the 2023 EEI convention in Austin, Texas.

with emergency management teams from the affected counties and cities so they had the information they needed to keep their communities and residents safe.

“Ensuring the safety of our customers, communities and crews is our industry’s top priority. Safety is especially critical during severe storms and extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, tornadoes and winter storms,” said EEI President and CEO Tom Kuhn.

“I commend Minnesota Power’s commitment to restoring service for its customers safely and efficiently under challenging conditions following this winter storm. Minnesota Power and its storm response team are extremely deserving of this national recognition, and I am honored to present them with this well-earned recovery award.”

Minnesota Power and Superoir Water, Light and Power have been recipients of the EEI Emergency Response Award for storm responses in 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021. Many of these awards were for responding to calls for mutual assistance from other utilities after hurricanes or other major natural disasters.

EEI is the association that represents all U.S. investor-owned electric companies. Its members provide electricity for more than 235 million Americans, and operate in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.

Minnesota Power provides electric service within a 26,000-square-mile area in northeastern Minnesota, supporting comfort, security and quality of life for 150,000 customers, 14 municipalities and some of the largest industrial customers in the United States. More information can be found at www.mnpower.com.

Gold: A Steadfast Investment Amidst Economic Uncertainty

In the face of economic uncertainty and market volatility, gold has once again emerged as a stable investment, offering stability and security to investors around the globe.

The most recent statistics and data from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) indicate that gold continues to occupy a prominent position on the global market. The ability of gold to function as a hedge against inflation is one of the primary reasons for its enduring appeal. Gold functions as a safe haven, shielding investors from the eroding effects of inflation, as central banks around the world navigate the challenges of maintaining price stability. According to USGS data, gold production remains robust, with a number of countries dominating the market.

In addition, gold’s industrial applications have contributed to its value. In addition to its traditional function as a store of value, gold is used in numerous industries, such as electronics, aerospace, and medicinal technology. The exceptional conductivity and corrosion resistance of the metal make it an indispensable component in the manufacture of high-quality electronic devices, assuring its continued high demand.

Recent volatility on the global financial markets has increased demand for gold as a secure investment. During periods of economic turmoil, investors frequently seek diversification and insurance against stock market volatility by investing in this precious metal.

Gold prices are susceptible to short-term fluctuations, but the precious metal’s long-term outlook is positive. The USGS anticipates that the demand for gold will remain stable, driven by both investment and industrial uses. As economies recover and global trade stabilizes, it is anticipated that the demand for gold in jewelry, technology, and other industries will increase.

Gold maintains its position as a highly valued and desired asset in the ever-changing global financial landscape. As investors navigate the market’s complexities, gold stands erect as a symbol of stability and an enduring form of wealth storage.

Exploring Insights from Mining Industry Professionals

A Discussion on Leadership, Work-Life Balance, and Environmental Responsibility

In the ever-evolving landscape of the mining industry, professionals face a multitude of challenges and opportunities. To gain a deeper understanding of their experiences and perspectives, we recently held a virtual conference-style meeting, bringing together a diverse panel of mining industry professionals. Their valuable insights shed light on crucial aspects of their careers, including leadership, work-life balance, and environmental responsibility.

The panel consisted of Ramon Romero, a seasoned mining professional emphasizing the significance of discipline and work-life integration; Pam Luettich, a firm believer in the power of leadership skills and the importance of advocating for oneself; Eduardo Zamanillo, who highlighted the role of soft skills and accountability in effective leadership; and Jose Castillo, an advocate for integrity as the foundation of success in the mining industry.

Throughout the meeting, these professionals shared their thoughts on a wide range of topics. From the central pillar of discipline to foster commitment, to the evolving nature of goals and the need for personal and professional growth, their insights provide a comprehensive overview of the mining industry's dynamics.

Importantly, the panelists emphasized the vital role of leadership skills in any organizational role, the value of setting clear goals, and the necessity of work-life balance for personal well-being and sustainable success. Furthermore, they stressed the industry's responsibility to prioritize environmental sustainability, avoiding "greenwashing" and promoting transparency and authenticity.

As the discussion unfolded, the panelists engaged in dialogue with the virtual audience, addressing questions on maintaining work-life balance in a demanding industry, strategies for fostering a culture of integrity, and practical actions to mitigate the environmental impact of mining operations.

This discussion aims to capture the essence of the conference-style meeting, offering readers a glimpse into the valuable insights and diverse perspectives shared by these mining industry professionals. It serves as a reminder that leadership, work-life balance, and environmental responsibility are not mere buzzwords but fundamental pillars for a thriving and sustainable mining industry.

Join us as we delve deeper into the thoughts and experiences of these professionals, exploring their perspectives on the challenges and opportunities that define the mining industry today.

The panel consisted of Ramon Romero, Pam Luettich, Eduardo Zamanillo, and Jose Castillo.

Moderator: Welcome, everyone, to this conference meeting featuring insights from professionals in the mining industry. Today, we have gathered comments from Ramon Romero, Pam Luettich, Eduardo Zamanillo, and Jose Castillo. Let's explore their perspectives on various aspects of their careers and the industry as a whole.

Nicholasville, Kentucky, United States

Ramon Romero, “It's been the central pillar of my career to have discipline and commitment to achieve goals and objectives. Leadership and company framing significantly influence our career impressions.

As we progress, we need to transition from technical expertise to effective leadership, allowing our teams to grow. Integrating work and personal life is vital for a fulfilling lifestyle.”

8 Commitment to achieve goals and objectives.

Rock Springs, Wyoming, United State

“Leadership skills are pivotal, regardless of the role within an organization. While a formal education provides a foundation, practical experience shapes our careers. Goals evolve as we grow, becoming more multi-faceted. It's crucial to advocate for ourselves and create a plan for advancement. Work-life balance is essential, and employees need downtime to reset. Cultivating a positive work culture and showing appreciation goes a long way.”

8 Leadership skills

8 Work-life balance

Zamanillo

BSc. MBA

SLR Consulting (Canada)

/ Formerly Roscoe Postle Associates (RPA)

Greater Toronto Area, Canada

“Soft skills are key to effective leadership. My MBA expanded my career opportunities by equipping me with people skills. Accountability and commitment are vital for success in today's ever-changing market. Motivation and succession planning play significant roles in business. Work-life balance is crucial for maintaining motivation, and setting clear goals and being transparent are important. We should also act with integrity and avoid "greenwashing."

8 Soft skills

Mineral Processing | Commissioning | Operations Trainer Specialist

La Vega, La Vega, Dominican Republic

“Leadership has been crucial in my achievements. Widening my career preparation has contributed to my growth. Commitment is vital for achieving objectives. With experience and training, my goals are now better defined. Promotion paths aren't always clear, so it's important to create our own. Work-life balance is key for a healthy life, and clear goals and trust in God are essential. Integrity should guide our actions.”

8 Leadership

8 Commitment

Ramon F. Romero

Investor I Business Owner

I General Manager I Chief Operations Officer

8 Discipline

Pam Luettich

Human Resources Manager at Tata Chemicals North America

Eduardo (Ed)

José Armando Castillo

Moderator: Thank you all for sharing your valuable insights. It's clear that discipline, leadership skills, and commitment are crucial for success in the mining industry. Goal setting, worklife balance, and advocating for oneself are significant factors in career growth. Additionally, we should foster positive work cultures, act with integrity, and be aware of the industry's impact on the environment and economy.

Audience Member 1: I have a question for the panel. How do you approach the challenge of maintaining work-life balance in a demanding industry like mining? Any practical tips or strategies?

Pam Luettich: Balancing work and personal life can be challenging, but it's crucial for overall well-being. One practical tip is to set clear boundaries and communicate them with your team and family. Prioritize self-care and make time for activities outside of work that bring you joy and relaxation. Remember that downtime is essential for productivity and mental health.

Ramon Romero: I completely agree with Pam. It's also important to delegate and empower your team, allowing them to take ownership of their responsibilities. This way, you can avoid being overly involved in every aspect and have more time for personal life. Additionally, leveraging technology to work efficiently can help create space for other activities.

Audience Member 2: Thank you for sharing those insights. My question is for Eduardo. You mentioned the significance of avoiding "greenwashing" in the industry. Could you elaborate on what actions you believe mining companies should take to ensure they have a positive environmental impact?

Eduardo Zamanillo: Absolutely. Mining companies should prioritize transparency and authenticity when it comes to their environmental practices. It's crucial to implement sustainable mining techniques and invest in technologies that minimize the industry's environmental footprint.

Additionally, companies should engage in responsible reclamation and rehabilitation of mining sites to ensure long-term environmental sustainability. Collaborating with environmental experts and regulatory bodies can also help maintain accountability.

Moderator: Thank you for your question and response. It's evident that promoting work-life balance and environmental responsibility are key considerations in the mining industry. By setting clear boundaries, leveraging technology, and prioritizing sustainability, professionals can navigate the industry while maintaining personal well-being and minimizing environmental impact.

We have time for one more question from the audience.

Audience Member 3: This question is for Jose Castillo. You mentioned the importance of integrity. How do you suggest fostering a culture of integrity within mining organizations?

Jose Castillo: Building a culture of integrity starts with leadership. Leaders must lead by example and consistently demonstrate ethical behavior. Open and transparent communication is vital in promoting integrity throughout the organization. Companies should also have strong ethics policies in place and provide regular training to employees. Recognizing and rewarding ethical behavior reinforces the importance of integrity in the workplace.

Moderator: Thank you for your question and response, Jose. Fostering a culture of integrity requires commitment from leaders and clear communication within the organization. By setting ethical standards, providing training, and rewarding ethical behavior, mining companies can create an environment that values integrity at all levels.

As our time for questions comes to an end, I want to express my gratitude to all the panelists for sharing their valuable insights and to the audience for their active participation. Let's continue to promote growth, sustainability, and personal well-being within the mining industry.

Ramon Romero, considers discipline as a crucial factor in achieving goals and objectives in his career. He believes that commitment can be fostered through discipline, which ultimately leads to success. According to Ramon, the effectiveness of leadership and the overall framing of a company influence the fluctuating nature of career impressions.

He acknowledges the importance of relationships and influencing others, emphasizing the need for a transition from technical expertise to leadership when leading larger teams. Ramon believes in integrating work and personal life to create a fulfilling lifestyle.

Pam Luettich emphasizes the significance of leadership skills for professionals in any role within an organization. While a formal education serves as a foundation, she believes that utilizing that education and gaining on-the-job experience is what truly shapes a career. Pam states that goals evolve as professionals grow and develop, becoming more multifaceted over time.

She highlights the importance of advocating for oneself and creating a plan to achieve career advancement, as promotion paths are not always laid out clearly. Pam also stresses the need for work-life balance, expressing the importance of downtime for employees to reset and decompress. She encourages persistence, preparation

for uncertainties, and cultivating a positive work culture that values and appreciates employees.

Eduardo Zamanillo emphasizes the significance of soft skills in his career, considering them key to effective leadership. He credits his MBA for expanding his career opportunities by equipping him with a toolkit of people skills. Ed stresses the importance of accountability and commitment in achieving success, while also acknowledging the evolving nature of goals in today's rapidly changing market. He highlights the importance of motivation and succession planning in businesses. Ed believes that work-life balance is crucial for maintaining motivation and suggests setting clear goals and being trans

Jose Castillo attributes his achievements in the mining industry to the importance of leadership. He believes that widening his career preparation has been beneficial to his professional growth. According to Jose, commitment plays a vital role in accomplishing objectives successfully. With experience and training, he feels that his goals are now better defined.

Jose confirms that promotion paths are not immediately apparent but can be identified over time. He emphasizes the significance of work-life balance for a healthy life and believes that clear goals, good customs, and trust in God are essential.

Moderator: Thank you, Ramon, Pam, Eduardo, and Jose, for your thoughtful concluding remarks. Your insights have provided valuable perspectives on leadership, work-life balance, environmental responsibility, and integrity in the mining industry.

As we wrap up this conference meeting, I want to express my appreciation to everyone who participated. Let's carry forward these discussions, ideas, and commitments to drive positive change within the mining industry. Remember, progress is a collective effort, and each one of us has a role to play in shaping the future. Thank you, and have a wonderful day!

Overall, these professionals highlight the importance of leadership skills, lifelong learning, discipline, commitment, work-life balance, and setting clear goals. They stress the need for individuals to advocate for themselves and create their own paths to success. Additionally, they emphasize the positive impact that the mining industry can have on the environment, economy, and personal development, calling for increased awareness and attraction towards the industry.

Moderator: Thank you once again to our panelists and audience for your valuable contributions to this conference meeting. Before we conclude, I'd like to invite each panelist to share a final thought or takeaway from our discussion today. Let's start with Ramon Romero.

Ramon Romero: Thank you for having me. My final thought is that the mining industry has immense potential to make a positive impact on the environment, economy, and individuals' lives. By embracing leadership, discipline, and work-life integration, we can create fulfilling careers while contributing to sustainable practices and inspiring future generations.

Pam Luettich: It has been a pleasure to be part of this discussion. My takeaway is the importance of advocating for oneself and setting clear goals in the mining industry. We can shape our own paths and create work environments that prioritize work-life balance and appreciation for employees. Let's continue to foster positive cultures that empower individuals to thrive.

Eduardo Zamanillo: Thank you all for the engaging conversation. My final thought is that the mining industry must prioritize accountability and authenticity in its environmental practices. By avoiding "greenwashing" and investing in sustainable technologies, we can work towards a more responsible and environmentally conscious future. Let's remember that small actions can have significant impacts.

Jose Castillo: It has been an honor to share my insights with all of you. My takeaway from this discussion is the power of integrity in the mining industry. By embodying ethical behavior, fostering open communication, and recognizing integrity as a core value, we can create a culture that promotes trust, credibility, and long-term success.

North American Iron Ore

The iron ore mining industry in North America is facing a challenging time in 2023. While the global market for iron ore is booming, the capacity in North America is contracting. In this special issue of Skillings Mining Review, we will explore the current state of the North American iron ore industry, the challenges it faces, and the opportunities that lie ahead.

The North American iron ore market has witnessed a remarkable journey, with a long history of development and growth. The continent boasts diverse geological landscapes, harboring substantial iron ore deposits in regions such as the Mesabi Range in Minnesota, the Labrador Trough in Canada, and the Lake Superior region. These deposits have attracted major mining companies, shaping the industry's landscape and contributing to the economic prosperity of the region.

In assessing the current state of North American iron ore production and consumption, we observe some intriguing trends that shed light on the industry's dynamics.

On the production front, the United States has seen a steady but modest growth rate in iron ore production over the past five years. With a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 0.41%, the

nation has been steadily increasing its output. Although the growth rate may not be as substantial as in other regions, it indicates a relatively stable production environment within the United States.

However, when we turn our attention to consumption, a different story emerges. The North American iron ore market experienced a decline of -4.7% in 2021, marking the second consecutive year of contraction after three years of growth. This decline in consumption raises questions about the factors influencing iron ore demand within the region. Economic fluctuations, changes in steel production levels, and shifts in global supply chains may all play a role in this downward trend.

It is noteworthy that the United States accounts for a relatively small portion

of the world's iron ore consumption, estimated at 1.4%. This suggests that the North American market has less influence on global iron ore demand compared to regions like China, which stands as the largest consumer of iron ore. Meanwhile, on a global scale, iron ore consumption has demonstrated consistent growth. Between 2017 and 2020, global consumption increased at a compound annual growth rate of 2.52%. This highlights sustained global demand for iron ore during that period, driven by factors such as industrial development, infrastructure projects, and the construction of new steel production facilities.

Taken together, these findings paint a nuanced picture of the North American iron ore industry. While the United States has seen incremental growth in production,

THE NORTH AMERICAN IRON ORE market experienced a decline of -4.7% in 2021, marking the second consecutive year of contraction after three years of growth. This decline in consumption raises questions about the factors influencing iron ore demand within the region.

ONE OF THE KEY PILLARS OF THE iron ore industry's future lies in embracing technology and innovation. The adoption of advanced mining technologies, such as autonomous vehicles and remote monitoring systems, enhances operational efficiency, improves safety measures, and reduces environmental impact.

efficient movement of iron ore across borders. However, challenges exist, ranging from logistical bottlenecks to regulatory considerations, which need to be addressed to ensure seamless trade operations.As the world becomes increasingly conscious of environmental sustainability, the iron ore industry faces the imperative of minimizing its ecological footprint. Efforts to mitigate the environmental impact of mining and processing are vital, as is the adherence to regulatory frameworks that promote responsible practices.

This special issue examines the industry's commitment to sustainability and the future outlook for environmentally conscious mining operations. In a highly competitive landscape, understanding the market dynamics and the strategies adopted by key players is crucial. The North American iron ore market witnesses fierce competition, with companies vying for market share and technological advancements paving the way for innovation.

Mining Operations

The Minntac Mine, located in St. Louis, is one of the largest iron ore mines in North America. The mine is operated by the U.S. Steel Corp and produces iron ore pellets for the steel industry. The Taconite Mining and Processing Industry Profile provides an overview of the industry, including the mining and processing of taconite, a low-grade iron ore.

Technology continues to redefine the iron ore industry, and North America stands at the forefront of innovation. Advancements in mining and processing techniques, coupled with automation, digitization, and AI applications, are revolutionizing operations. The latest technological trends are shaping the future of the industry. It is important to highlight the significance of collaboration and innovation. The industry's

Major Challenges Faced By North American Iron Ore Mining Industry In 2023

Capacity contraction: While the global market for iron ore is booming, the capacity in North America is contracting.

Increasing expectations of environmental, social, and governance standards: The mining industry is constantly required to embrace novel digital solutions that can revolutionize the value chain and enhance the production process in a holistic manner, resulting in both tangible and intangible business advantages.

Inflation and geopolitical risks: Inflation and geopolitics have overtaken ESG as the biggest concerns for 2023.

Slowdown

in China's construction

demand: Iron ore has struggled from the slowdown in China's construction demand, lower steel throughput, and expanding efforts to recycle supply

success hinges on fostering partnerships among stakeholders, including mining companies, government entities, and local communities. By working together, we can address challenges, share best practices, and promote sustainable development. One of the key pillars of the iron ore industry's future lies in embracing technology and innovation. The adoption of

advanced mining technologies, such as autonomous vehicles and remote monitoring systems, enhances operational efficiency, improves safety measures, and reduces environmental impact. Moreover, the integration of artificial intelligence and data analytics enables real-time decision-making and optimization of processes.

In recent years, the North American iron ore market has witnessed a growing emphasis on sustainability. Mining companies are actively implementing measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, conserve water resources, and minimize waste generation. Additionally, community engagement and responsible social practices are being prioritized to ensure positive impacts on local economies and the well-being of communities surrounding mining operations.

It is also crucial to acknowledge the role of government policies and regulations in shaping the future of the iron ore industry. Governments play a pivotal role in providing a conducive business environment, establishing transparent frameworks, and promoting responsible mining practices.

By fostering a regulatory landscape that balances economic growth with environmental stewardship, governments can facilitate sustainable development in the industry.

Furthermore, the North American iron ore market is not immune to global market dynamics. Factors such as geopolitical events, trade policies, and fluctuations in steel demand and prices have ripple effects on the regional market. It is essential for stakeholders to stay informed about these external influences and adapt their strategies accordingly.

Current Trends In North American Iron Ore Production And Consumption

Production:

8 Over the five years to 2021, production from the US increased by a CAGR of 0.41%.

8 In 2022, the United States produced an estimated 46 million metric tons of iron ore.

8 The United States was estimated to have produced 1.8% of the world's iron ore output.

Consumption:

8 In 2021, the North American iron ore market decreased by -4.7% to $X, falling for the second consecutive year after three years of growth.

8 The United States was estimated to have consumed 1.4% of the world's iron ore output.

8 Global consumption of iron ore amounted to 2,046.05 Million Tonnes in 2020, with consumption growing by a CAGR of 2.52% between 2017 to 2020

Overall, while production from the US has been increasing, consumption in North America has been decreasing in recent years. However, the global consumption of iron ore continues to grow, which presents opportunities for the North American iron ore industry to explore emerging markets and adopt new technologies to remain competitive. As the global demand for iron ore continues to rise, North America has a significant role to play in meeting this demand sustainably. By embracing innovation, collaborating across sectors, and adhering to responsible practices, the industry can unlock its true potential while ensuring a greener, more inclusive future.

Our assessment suggests a relatively stable production environment for iron ore in the United States, with a moderate growth rate. However, the decline in consumption within the North American market indicates potential challenges or shifts in demand.

It is important for industry stakeholders to closely monitor global market dynamics, including steel production levels and economic trends, to navigate these fluctuations effectively. Additionally, exploring opportunities to enhance competitiveness and adapt to changing market conditions will be crucial for the North American iron ore industry to thrive in the long term.

Unearthing the Power

Exploring Common Types of Mining Equipment Revolutionizing the Industry

At the core of every mining operation is a formidable arsenal of machinery designed to extract valuable resources from beneath the surface of the earth. These technological marvels play a crucial role in shaping the mining industry, from enormous machinery that towers over landscapes to intricate tools that navigate the deepest depths. Let’s examine the common varieties of mining equipment that are revolutionizing the way precious minerals are extracted.

Excavators

Like colossal mechanical beasts, excavators dominate the mining landscape with their immense size and power. These Mining equipments are furnished with hydraulic arms and buckets, allowing them to effortlessly remove large quantities of overburden and ore. Their versatility renders them indispensable, as they can perform duties such as digging, leveling, and material transport.

Drills

play a central role in the extraction of minerals from the earth’s crust. These devices, which range from large-scale rotary drills to handheld pneumatic drills, are necessary for constructing boreholes to access underground deposits. Modern drills incorporate cutting-edge technologies such as rotary and percussive mechanisms, allowing for efficient and accurate drilling operations.

Bulldozers

Rugged vehicles

Transporting massive quantities of materials across mining sites necessitates rugged vehicles, and this is where haul trucks come into play. These colossal machines, outfitted with enormous tires and powerful engines, are capable of transporting enormous quantities of ore and refuse. With their immense hauling capacity, haul trucks streamline the transportation process, ensuring a continuous flow of materials to processing facilities.

bulldozers are essential for moving massive quantities of soil, rock, and debris in surface mining operations. Equipped with a broad, flat blade, these durable machines effectively clear paths and level the ground in preparation for subsequent mining operations. In addition to their exceptional traction and maneuverability, bulldozers are ideally suited for navigating difficult terrain.

Conveyor Systems

In the mining industry, time is of the essence, and conveyor systems serve to keep the flow of materials uninterrupted. These interconnected belts, pulleys, and rollers transport mined materials over great distances with efficiency. Conveyor systems eliminate the need for manual labor and substantially increase productivity by enabling the effortless movement of large quantities of material.

Crushers

Once extracted from the ground, minerals frequently require additional processing before they can be used. In this respect, crushers play a crucial role by reducing the size of large rocks and minerals into more manageable fragments.

These devices, including jaw crushers, cone crushers, and impact crushers, ensure that materials are appropriately sized for subsequent processing stages.

Loaders

are multipurpose mining machines that facilitate the extraction and transport of materials. Loaders efficiently scoop up loose materials with their front-mounted buckets and deposit them into waiting vehicles or conveyors.

Their maneuverability and adaptability make them indispensable in a variety of mining operations, from open-pit mines to tunnels.

BEFORE OPERATING HEAVY MINING EQUIPMENT, OPERATORS ARE REQUIRED TO

complete exhaustive training programs. Safety measures in heavy mining equipment operations are essential to protect operators from potential hazards. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as hard hats, high-visibility vests, safety goggles, ear protection, mittens, and steel-toed boots provide physical protection.

These common varieties of mining equipment remain at the forefront of technological advancement as the mining industry continues to develop. Continuous innovation and the incorporation of cutting-edge features guarantee that these devices maximize productivity, safety, and environmental sustainability. These mining equipment behemoths contribute to the global supply of valuable resources, thereby fueling industries and economies across the globe.

Safety at the Core: Ensuring Protection While Operating Heavy Mining Equipment

Before operating heavy mining equipment, operators are required to complete exhaustive training programs. Safety measures in heavy mining equipment operations are essential to protect operators from potential hazards. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as hard hats, high-visibility

vests, safety goggles, ear protection, mittens, and steel-toed boots provide physical protection. Pre-operational inspections are conducted to ensure all safety features are functioning correctly, addressing any issues promptly.

Regular maintenance and servicing of equipment are crucial, including inspections of brakes, hydraulics, tires, and engines, as well as lubrication and filter replacements. Clear communication is maintained through two-way radios and signaling systems, enhancing coordination and warning dissemination. Traffic management protocols, speed limits, marked routes, and designated parking areas control movement and prevent accidents. Adequate signage, barriers, and lighting improve hazard awareness. Emergency response plans with evacuation procedures and first aid protocols are implemented, regularly practiced through exercises and simulations.

Unearthing the Secrets of Geotechnical Engineering

An Essential Field for the Mining Industry

Geotechnical engineering is a branch of civil engineering concerned with the study and safe exploitation of rock and soil, the materials Mother Nature uses as her building blocks. The significance of geotechnical engineering in mining cannot be overstated. Without it, our endeavors to explore, mine, and exploit mineral wealth would become remarkably risky, inefficient, and possibly even unattainable.

Yet, despite its fundamental importance to the mining sector, the complexity and breadth of geotechnical engineering can sometimes obscure its fundamental principles and practices.

A Firm Foundation

Before delving into the specifics of geotechnical engineering in the context of mining, it is essential to understand the foundations of the discipline. Geotechnical engineering emerged in the early 20th century, arising from the necessity to build safe, efficient structures on or within the Earth. Geotechnical engineers use the principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics to investigate subsurface conditions and materials, determine the relevant physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of these materials, and evaluate stability of natural slopes and man-made soil deposits.

Core Concepts

Geotechnical engineering hinges on understanding the behaviors and properties of earth materials. The two primary areas of focus are soil and rock mechanics.

Soil Mechanics: This branch focuses on understanding soil behavior under stress. Soils have complex characteristics and each type behaves differently when subjected to various loads. Key soil properties studied include cohesion (the internal 'stickiness' that holds the soil particles together), friction angle (the maximum angle at which a pile of soil can stay without collapsing), density, porosity (the spaces between soil particles), permeability (the ability to transmit water), and consolidation characteristics (how soil compresses and expels water under load).

Rock mechanics, on the other hand, addresses the properties and behavior of rock and rock masses, including rock strength, deformation, fracturing, and in-situ stresses. These properties are especially crucial in mining operations.

Geotechnical engineering is a critical aspect of mining operations, as it involves the study of the behavior of soil and rock in relation to mining activities. It is a multidisciplinary field that combines principles of geology, physics, and engineering to ensure the safety and stability of mining structures and operations.

Innovations and Future Directions

Advancements in technology have ushered in an exciting era for geotechnical engineering. Here are a few innovations shaping the field:

Digital Twins: These are real-time digital counterparts of physical systems, enabling a more in-depth analysis of geotechnical structures. In the context of mining, digital twins can provide valuable insights into the behavior of the mine under different scenarios, facilitating better decision-making.

Geotechnical Data Management Systems (GDMS): With the increasing volume of geotechnical data, managing this information efficiently is becoming crucial. GDMS are software solutions designed to efficiently collect, store, analyze and visualize geotechnical data. This allows for a holistic understanding of amine's structure and facilitates informed decision-making processes.

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: AI and ML are opening up new possibilities in geotechnical engineering. From analyzing vast amounts of data to predict potential failures to optimizing mine designs for safety and efficiency, these technologies are set to revolutionize the industry.

Challenges in Geotechnical Engineering

Despite its critical importance, geotechnical engineering is not without its challenges. Some of the key challenges facing geotechnical engineers in the mining industry include:

8 Uncertainty: Geotechnical engineering is a complex and uncertain field, as it involves the study of natural materials that are subject to a wide range of environmental factors. This uncertainty can make it difficult to accurately predict the behavior of soil and rock under different loading conditions.

8 Site Conditions: Mining operations are often located in remote and challenging environments, such as mountains, deserts, and jungles. These site conditions can make it difficult to access and study the soil and rock, which can lead to inaccurate assessments and designs.

8 Cost: Geotechnical engineering can be a costly aspect of mining operations, as it often involves the use of specialized equipment and materials. This can make it challenging for mining companies to invest in effective geotechnical solutions, particularly in the face of fluctuating commodity prices

Drone and Satellite Technology: These technologies provide new means for collecting data, especially in remote or hazardous areas. Drones and satellites can capture high-resolution imagery and data from mine sites, contributing to more accurate geological mapping and monitoring.

Remote Sensing and Geophysical Techniques: Advanced geophysical and remote sensing techniques, like seismic tomography and electrical resistivity tomography, are providing novel ways to understand the subsurface structure. These techniques aid in detecting underground anomalies and assessing geotechnical risks without intrusive procedures.

Challenges and Opportunities

Geotechnical engineering also faces significant challenges. The increasing demand for resources is pushing mining operations deeper into the earth, where geotechnical conditions are more challenging. Climate change adds another layer of complexity, as the impact of changing weather patterns on the stability of mines is still not fully understood.

Addressing these challenges necessitates a cross-disciplinary approach, combining geotechnical engineering with other scientific fields like hydrology, seismology, and environmental science. Furthermore, the incorporation of technologies like AI and machine learning, advanced materials, and new sensing technologies presents opportunities for innovation

The Crucial Role of Geotechnical Engineering in Mining: A Deeper Exploration

Geotechnical engineering, the study of rock and soil, is the invisible backbone of the mining industry. As our world increasingly leans on its vast mineral reserves, the importance of this multifaceted discipline grows. For those involved in the mining sector, understanding geotechnical engineering’s nuanced complexities, latest advancements, and future challenges is invaluable.

Monitoring is a critical aspect of preventing slope failures in mining operations. By monitoring the behavior of soil and rock in real-time, geotechnical engineers can identify potential hazards and design effective support systems to prevent slope failures. Some of the ways geotechnical monitoring is being used to prevent slope failures in mining operations include:

Deformation Monitoring: Mining companies routinely use deformation monitoring to manage the geotechnical risk associated with the mining process.

For those involved in the mining sector, understanding geotechnical engineering’s nuanced complexities, latest advancements, and future challenges is invaluable.

This involves the use of sensors and other monitoring equipment to measure the deformation of soil and rock in real-time. By analyzing this data, geotechnical engineers can identify potential hazards and design effective support systems to prevent slope failures.

Slope Stability Radar: Slope stability radar has been developed

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING, the study of rock and soil, is the invisible backbone of the mining industry. As our world increasingly leans on its vast mineral reserves, the importance of this multifaceted discipline grows.

Comprehensive Portfolio for Slope Stability

Monitoring: Hexagon's comprehensive portfolio for slope stability monitoring in open-pit mines supports quick and informed decision-making.

This portfolio includes a range of monitoring technologies, such as radar, laser, and GPS, to provide data on soil and rock movements. By analyzing this data, geotechnical engineers can identify potential hazards and design effective support systems to prevent slope failures.

Geotechnical Monitoring Program: The most important purpose of a slope monitoring program is to maintain safe operational practices, provide advance notice of instability, and provide data for slope design and analysis.

This involves the use of a range of monitoring technologies, such as inclinometers, piezometers, and extensometers, to measure the behavior of soil and rock in real-time. By analyzing this data, geotechnical engineers can identify potential hazards and design effective support systems to prevent slope failures.

High-Tech Prototype Instruments: High-tech prototype instruments are being developed and used in geotechnical engineering for mining. These instruments can provide data on soil and rock conditions, allowing geotechnical engineers to make more informed decisions about support systems and stabilization measures.

Laying the Groundwork: An Overview of Geotechnical Engineering

Geotechnical engineering found its footing in the early 20th century, evolving out of a necessity to erect safe, effective structures on or within the Earth's crust. At its core, this discipline uses principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics

to delve into subsurface conditions and materials, identifying their physical, mechanical, and chemical properties, and analyzing the stability of natural slopes and man-made soil deposits.

Practical Application in Mining: From Exploration to Closure

Geotechnical engineering interfaces with each stage of a mine's life cycle:

Exploration and Mine Design: During the exploration stage, geotechnical engineers spearhead investigations to garner data on rock mass properties. This data feeds into models which help comprehend the mine's structure and shape extraction methods.

For the mine design phase, geotechnical findings guide decisions on mine layout, including pit slopes, tunnel design, and waste dump locations.

Operations: In the operational phase, the role of geotechnical engineers is amplified, working tirelessly to ensure the stability and safety of the mine structure. They monitor the stability of mine workings, recommend control measures, manage groundwater, and address ground control hazards like rock falls or collapses.

Mine Closure: of mining activities, geotech nical engineering plays a crucial role in safely decommissioning the mine.

This includes design ing stable final land forms and handling potential geotech nical hazards that may arise from mine closure.

Latest technologies being used in geotechnical engineering for mining

Geotechnical engineering is a rapidly evolving field, with new technologies and techniques emerging all the time. Some of the latest technologies being used in geotechnical engineering for mining include:

Remote Sensing Tools: As computer technology continues to advance and processing speeds increase, integration of remote sensing tools into mining, petroleum, and civil engineering has become more common.

These tools can provide data on soil and rock conditions, allowing geotechnical engineers to make more informed decisions about support systems and stabilization measures.

Artificial Intelligence: Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Mining, Geotechnical and Geoengineering provides recent advances in mining, geotechnical and geoengineering.

Artificial intelligence can be used to analyze large amounts of data and identify patterns and trends that may not be im-

Machine Learning: Machine learning techniques are also being used in geotechnical engineering to analyze large amounts of data and identify patterns and trends.This can help geotechnical engineers to make more informed decisions about support systems and stabilization measures.

Geotechnical Monitoring: New technologies implemented in geotechnical monitoring on transport constructions include geotechnical monitoring of landslide movements by vertical inclinometer, TDR inclinometers, terrestrial geodetic monitoring and observation of ground water. These technologies can provide data on soil and rock movements, allowing geotechnical engineers to identify potential hazards and design effective support systems.

High-Tech Prototype Instruments:

High-tech prototype instruments are being developed and used in geotechnical engineering for mining. These instru-

ments can provide data on soil and rock conditions, allowing geotechnical engineers to make more informed decisions about support systems and stabilization measures.

Geotechnical engineering is the unsung hero of the mining industry, ensuring the safe and effective extraction of the Earth's mineral wealth. As the mining industry continues to grow and evolve, the role of geotechnical engineering will only become more vital.

It's an exciting time to be involved in this field. With an array of technological innovations on the horizon, the potential to transform and enhance mining operations is immense. By investing in the growth and advancement of geotechnical engineering, we can ensure the sustainable and responsible extraction of our planet's precious resources, safeguarding the future of the mining industry.

Gold Stocks Glittering Amidst Market Turbulence

Technical Analysis Unveils Promising Trends

In the midst of market volatility and economic unpredictability, gold stocks have emerged as beacons of stability, providing investors with a secure haven and the possibility of profit.

Let’s examine the technical analysis of the top gold securities that have attracted investors’ attention.

Newmont Corporation (NEM):

Despite market fluctuations, Newmont Corporation, has demonstrated remarkable resilience. As the stock has been consistently climbing above its moving averages, technical indicators suggest a bullish outlook.

Barrick Gold Corporation (GOLD):

Barrick Gold Corporation has demonstrated solid performance over the past few months. According to technical analysis, the stock’s price has been moving upward steadily thanks to strong volume and encouraging momentum indicators

Franco-Nevada Corporation (FNV):

Franco-Nevada Corporation has carved out a niche in the market. Due to a favorable price-to-earnings ratio and robust revenue growth, technical analysis indicates a consistent uptrend in the stock’s price.

Kinross Gold Corporation (KGC):

Kinross Gold Corporation has demonstrated remarkable performance in recent months. With firm support levels and positive moving average crossovers, technical indicators point to bullish sentiment surrounding the stock.

Best Gold ETFs for Investors

Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) offer an attractive alternative to direct gold ownership for investors seeking exposure to the precious metals market without the complexities of ownership.

8 SPDR Gold Shares (GLD): As one of the largest and most popular gold exchange-traded funds, SPDR Gold Shares (GLD) offers investors direct exposure to physical gold bullion.

8 iShares Gold Trust (IAU): iShares Gold Trust (IAU) is another prominent gold ETF that exposes investors to the gold price.

8 Physical Gold Shares ETF (SGOL):stands out as a dependable option for investors seeking exposure to physical gold.

8 VanEck Vectors Gold Miners ETF (GDX): An attractive option for investors seeking exposure to gold mining companies rather than physical gold GDX tracks the performance of leading gold mining companies, allowing investors to participate in prospective price fluctuations and the expansion of the gold mining industry as a whole.

it is essential to exercise caution and undertake extensive research prior to making investment decisions. As with any other investment sector, the gold market entails inherent risks that must be carefully evaluated. Before selecting a gold ETF, investors must conduct extensive research and consider their investment objectives, risk tolerance, and time horizon.

Building Carbon Neutral Mines

A Sustainable Future for the Mining Industry

The mining industry, infamous for its substantial contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions, is now on a vital mission to construct carbon neutral mines. These environmentally responsible mining operations seek to eliminate net greenhouse gas emissions through the use of renewable energy sources, the implementation of carbon capture and storage technologies, and the adoption of sustainable practices that minimize waste production.

The introduction of carbon-neutral mines has numerous advantages. It is, first and foremost, a potent instrument for mitigating the environmental impact of mining activities. Moreover, it promotes social acceptability by demonstrating the industry’s dedication to sustainability. In addition, long-term implementation of such measures can increase profitability by reducing expenses and enhancing operational efficiency. However, the pursuit of carbon-neutral resources is not devoid of obstacles.

AS THE GLOBAL ECONOMY

transitions to a low-carbon model, mining companies are adopting a variety of decarbonization strategies to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.

2050. To accomplish this objective, the company is investing in renewable energy sources, carbon capture and storage technologies, and environmentally responsible practices.

Rio Tinto has also adopted the mission of reducing emissions. Rio Tinto is investing in renewable energy sources, carbon capture and storage technologies, and sustainable practices to transform its mining operations with the aim of achieving net zero emissions by 2050.

The construction of carbon neutral mining necessitates a comprehensive strategy involving the following steps:

8 Identifying emission sources involves a comprehensive evaluation of the sources of emissions within mining operations, including those from transportation and the mining process itself.

The necessary up-front investment for renewable energy sources and carbon capture and storage technologies can present financial challenges. Identifying sustainable practices that are compatible with mining operations is another formidable obstacle. In addition, it can be difficult to navigate regulatory frameworks when attempting to establish carbon-neutral mines.

Despite these obstacles, mining companies are actively pursuing carbon-neutral mine construction. BHP has set an ambitious goal of carbon neutrality for all of its operations by

8 Creating a strategic plan that is tailored to the mine’s unique circumstances and focuses on reducing emissions through the incorporation of renewable energy sources, carbon capture and storage technologies, and sustainable practices

8 Implementing the plan may involve process modifications, technological investments, and employee training on sustainable practices.

8 Establishing robust monitoring systems to trace emissions and reporting on progress toward carbon neutrality This facilitates the identification of areas for additional improvement and assures the transparency of the mining industry’s efforts to promote sustainability.

Mining in the Era of Decarbonization: Pioneering Strategies to Reduce Emissions

The mining industry, which has traditionally been associated with high carbon emissions, is now at the forefront of decarbonization efforts, investigating novel approaches to reduce its environmental impact. As the global economy transitions to a low-carbon model, mining companies are adopting a variety of decarbonization strategies to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.

8 Transitioning to Renewable Energy Sources: Transitioning to renewable energy sources is one of the most effective methods mining companies are reducing their carbon footprint. Integrating solar, wind, and hydropower systems into mining operations reduces reliance on fossil fuels and reduces greenhouse gas emissions significantly. Mining companies can harness clean energy while minimizing their environmental impact by employing renewable energy technologies.

8 Implementing Energy Efficiency Measures: Mining companies are concentrating on enhancing energy efficiency in every aspect of their operations. This includes optimizing processes, equipment, and infrastructure in order to reduce energy usage. Mines can significantly reduce their energy demand and emissions by implementing advanced technologies such as intelligent grids, energy management systems, and energy-efficient lighting.

8 Adopting electrification and hybridization: As an effective decarbonization strategy, the electrification of mining vehicles and equipment is gaining momentum. Changing from diesel-powered to electric or hybrid vehicles reduces emissions, petroleum costs, and noise pollution. Taking advantage of developments in battery technology and charging infrastructure, mining companies are increasingly investing in electric haul vehicles, drills, and loaders.

8 Implementing technologies for carbon capture and storage (CCS): Frequently, mining operations generate considerable emissions that are difficult to eliminate. Mining corporations are investigating carbon capture and storage technologies to address this issue. CCS captures CO2 emissions from mining and refining activities and stores or repurposes them for industrial use.

8 Adopting Sustainable Mining Practices: Mining companies are reevaluating their practices in order to implement sustainable principles throughout the entire mining lifecycle. This includes waste management, water conservation, land rehabilitation, and preservation of biodiversity. By incorporating sustainable practices such as mine reclamation and habitat restoration, businesses can reduce ecological disruption and improve environmental stewardship.

8 Collaboration with Stakeholders: Local communities, governments, and environmental organizations must be involved for decarbonization to be successful. Collaboration facilitates the sharing of knowledge, promotes transparency, and nurtures a collective effort toward environmentally sustainable mining practices.

Climate-Smart Mining

Paving the Way for Minerals in the Fight Against Climate Change

Climate-smart mining is a paradigm-shifting concept that has emerged in a world increasingly devoted to combating climate change. This novel approach to mineral extraction seeks to harness the mining industry’s capacity to actively contribute to global climate action. By recognizing the critical role minerals play in renewable energy technologies and adopting sustainable practices, the mining industry could become a key ally in the fight against climate change.

Priority number one is the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from mining operations. Adopting sustainable energy technologies, such as solar and wind power, can help reduce reliance on fossil fuels in mining operations. Implementing energy-efficient practices and investing in low-carbon technologies can further reduce the carbon footprint of the sector.

Second, in climate-smart mining, minimizing environmental footprints is crucial. This includes the implementation of strict land reclamation practices, the restoration of biodiversity in mining areas, and the prevention of air and water pollution. Recycling and reusing mine residues are examples of waste management innovations that can help reduce environmental impacts.

Deforestation, water contamination, and greenhouse gas emissions are often associated with conventional mining techniques. The mining industry is enduring a transformational shift toward sustainability and environmental stewardship as the urgency to reduce carbon emissions increases. Climate-smart mining acknowledges this change by reimagining the sourcing, extraction, and utilization of minerals. It focuses on minimizing environmental footprints, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and fostering responsible resource management.

Lastly, responsible resource management is an essential component of climate-smart mining. This includes promoting supply chain transparency and accountability and supporting initiatives that guarantee the ethical extraction of minerals. Mining companies, governments, and local communities can establish responsible practices that protect ecosystems and respect human rights through collaborative efforts.

It is impossible to exaggerate the significance of minerals in the transition to a low-carbon economy. Minerals such as lithium, cobalt, and rare earth elements are indispensable for

renewable energy technologies, energy storage systems, and electric vehicles. The demand for these minerals could have unintended environmental and social effects in the absence of a sustainable and responsible mining strategy.

Globally, the concept of climate-smart mining has acquired traction, with numerous stakeholders recognizing its potential. Governments, mining corporations, and civil society organizations are collaborating to establish sustainable frameworks and standards. Initiatives such as the Climate-smart Mining program of the International Council on Mining and Metals (ICMM) pave the way for a more sustainable future by promoting innovation and best practices throughout the industry.

DEMAND FOR

CERTAIN MINERALS AND

metals has skyrocketed as the world endeavors to transition to a clean energy future. The development and implementation of renewable energy technologies, energy storage systems, and electric vehicles are dependent on these vital resources. These minerals, from lithium to cobalt and beyond, are the backbone of the renewable energy revolution, enabling a sustainable and low-carbon future.

Critical Minerals: Powering the Clean Energy Revolution

Demand for certain minerals and metals has skyrocketed as the world endeavors to transition to a clean energy future. The development and implementation of renewable energy technologies, energy storage systems, and electric vehicles are dependent on these vital resources. These minerals, from lithium to cobalt and beyond, are the backbone of the renewable energy revolution, enabling a sustainable and low-carbon future.

8 Lithium, also known as “white gold,” is a key mineral propelling the transition to clean energy. It is an indispensable component of lithium-ion batteries, which power electric vehicles and store renewable energy. As the demand for electric vehicles rises and the number of renewable energy installations multiplies, lithium demand has skyrocketed. Australia, Chile, and Argentina have become significant players in the global supply chain due to their lithium reserves.

8 The production of lithium-ion batteries is dependent on cobalt, another essential mineral. It improves battery efficacy and stability. However, the mining of cobalt has been scrutinized due to ethical concerns and human rights

Although climate-smart mining is a relatively novel concept, it has the potential to have a significant impact on climate action. The mining industry can become a crucially in the transition to a low-carbon economy if it adopts sustainable practices and prioritizes environmental and social responsibility. As global efforts to mitigate climate change intensify, it is crucial to recognize and support the role of climate-smart mining. Only through concerted action can the potential of minerals for climate action be unlocked and a sustainable future secured for future generations.

8 issues in some regions. There are efforts being undertaken to promote responsible cobalt sourcing, including efforts to improve working conditions and ensure supply chain transparency.

8 The rare earth elements (REEs) are a group of 17 minerals integral to a variety of renewable energy technologies. Particularly, neodymium, praseodymium, and dysprosium are used to manufacture potent magnets for wind turbines and electric vehicle motors. China currently dominates the global production of rare earth elements, highlighting the need for regional exploration and diversification.

8 Copper, a metal extensively employed in electrical wiring and infrastructure, is in high demand due to the expansion of renewable energy systems. Wind farms, solar power plants, and charging stations for electric vehicles rely on copper for the efficient transmission and distribution of electricity. Copper prices have risen due to the global shift toward renewable energy, highlighting the significance of sustainable mining practices to meet demand.

8 In addition to these minerals, nickel, aluminum, and graphite are also required for numerous renewable energy applications. Nickel is utilized in the production of nickel-metal hydride batteries and is in high demand for its potential use in lithium-ion batteries of the next iteration. Aluminum plays a crucial role in reducing the weight of structures, thereby increasing the energy efficacy of transportation and building projects. Graphite, a crucial component of

lithium-ion batteries, is used to store and discharge energy in their anodes.

8 The escalating demand for these essential minerals has prompted global discussions regarding their sustainable sourcing and responsible mining practices. Governments, mining companies, and international organizations collaborate to resolve issues including environmental impacts, social responsibility, and supply chain transparency. To reduce environmental and social risks, efforts are undertaken to diversify mineral sources, develop recycling technologies, and promote ethical extraction practices.

To maintain the momentum of the renewable energy revolution, it is essential to ensure a responsible and sustainable supply chain for critical minerals. Collaboration between industry stakeholders, research institutions, and governments is essential for the development of innovative solutions, the reduction of reliance on limited mineral reserves, and the promotion of circular economy approaches.

As the world recognizes the urgency of combating climate change, it is impossible to exaggerate the significance of essential minerals. These resources power the renewable energy systems that will lead the world’s transition to a low-carbon economy. By investing in sustainable mining practices, supporting technological advancements, and fostering international cooperation, we can secure the essential minerals required to power the renewable energy revolution and create a more sustainable future for future generations.

SKILLINGS MINING REVIEW STASTISTICS

MAY 2023 CRUDE STEEL PRODUCTION

World crude steel production for the 63 countries reporting to the World Steel Association (worldsteel) was 161.6 million tonnes (Mt) in May 2023, a 5.1% decrease compared to May 2022.

Crude steel production by region

Africa produced 1.3 Mt in May 2023, up 18.6% on May 2022. Asia and Oceania produced 119.5 Mt, down 6.0%. The EU (27) produced 11.6 Mt, down 11.2%. Europe, Other produced 3.7 Mt, down 7.7%. The Middle East produced 4.4 Mt, up 4.3%. North America produced 9.6 Mt, down 3.7%. Russia & other CIS + Ukraine produced 7.9 Mt, up 11.5%. South America produced 3.6 Mt, down 5.2%.

The 63 countries included in this table accounted for approximately 97% of total world crude steel production in 2022. Regions and countries covered by the table:Africa, Asia and Oceania, European Union (27), Europe,other, Middle East,

North America, Russia & other CIS + Ukraine, South America.

Top 10 steel-producing countries

China produced 90.1 Mt in May 2023, down 7.3% on May 2022. India produced 11.2 Mt, up 4.1%. Japan produced 7.6 Mt,

down 5.2%. The United States produced 6.9 Mt, down 2.3%. Russia is estimated to have produced 6.8 Mt, up 8.8%. South Korea produced 5.8 Mt, down 0.1%. Germany produced 3.2 Mt, up 0.2%. Brazil produced 2.8 Mt, down 5.5%. Türkiye produced 2.9 Mt, down 10.4%. Iran produced 3.3 Mt, up 8.8%.

The 63 countries included in this table accounted for approximately 97% of total world crude steel production in 2022. Regions and countries covered by the table:Africa: Egypt, Libya, South Africa, TunisiaAsia and Oceania: Australia, China, India, Japan, Mongolia, New Zealand, Pakistan, South Korea, Taiwan (China), Thailand, Viet Nam,European Union (27),Europe, Other: Macedonia, Norway, Serbia, Türkiye, United Kingdom,Middle East: Iran, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates,North America: Canada, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, United States,Russia & other CIS + Ukraine: Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, Ukraine,South America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela

Table 1. Crude steel production by region

Table 2. Top 10 steel-producing countries

2022 GLOBAL CRUDE STEEL PRODUCTION TOTALS

e – annual figure estimated using partial data or non-worldsteel resources. * The world total production figure in this table includes estimates of other countries that only report annually.

World Steel in Figures 2023 now available

The World Steel Association (worldsteel) has published the 2023 edition of World Steel in Figures. The publication provides a comprehensive overview of steel industry activities, stretching from crude steel production to apparent steel use, from indications of global steel trade flows to iron ore production and trade.

Edwin Basson, Director General, worldsteel, said, ‘World Steel in Figures shows that most countries around the world saw a small decrease in both steel production and use in 2022; the lingering effects of COVID restrictions. Any increase in steel production and demand going forward needs to take the Paris Agreement framework into

account, as our policy paper on climate change makes clear. The steel industry needs to simultaneously improve the efficiency of the technologies that we are currently using, and swiftly create and deploy new steelmaking technologies on a large scale. Many of our members are working hard on this and I applaud their efforts.”

Source – World Steel Association