SPARKS Magazine Winter 2021 issue by SNG Publishing

THE ONLY MAGAZINE FOR STUDENT

& APPRENTICE ELECTRICIANS

INSIDE…

SPECIAL FEATURE: LEARNER OF THE YEAR

WHAT’S IN YOUR TOOLBAG? WITH IAN SPROAT HALL OF SHAME

LE ARNER

#SPARKS L0Y21

WINTER 2021

OF THE YEAR

2021

PLATINUM SPONSOR

“There are fantastic prizes on offer and a great experience to be part of the future industry talent pool”

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SENIOR GRAPHIC DESIGNER: LEE OWEN design@sng-publishing.co.uk BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT MANAGER: PATRICK BLORE patrick.blore@sng-publishing.co.uk

Welcome 2021! Phew!

OPERATIONS MANAGER: EMILY HILTON emily.hilton@sng-publishing.co.uk

he last 12 months has been a challenge to many, but fortunately the electrical industry has been extremely resilient as an essential trade. Both home owners and business customers need fully working electricity in their homes and workplaces. Working in the electrical industry is a hugely rewarding career choice and it won’t be long until you’ve completed your qualification, so enjoy the journey.

MANAGING DIRECTOR: ZOË TANNER zoe.tanner@sng-publishing.co.uk TECHNICAL CONTRIBUTOR: Mike Davies PRINTERS Stephens & George, Wales

GENERAL ENQUIRIES To subscribe to SPARKS Magazine call 0121 606 3016 or subscribe online at www.sparks-magazine.co.uk

DISCLAIMER SPARKS Magazine is published by SNG Publishing Ltd (SNG). All content and artwork is © SNG Publishing Ltd or its contributors and SNG is a trade mark of SNG Publishing Ltd. No part of SPARKS Magazine may be copied, transmitted or published in any form or by any means without prior permission. Although SNG has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of this publication, it does not verify any claims or other information appearing in the advertisements contained in SPARKS Magazine. It therefore cannot accept any responsibility whatsoever for consequences that may arise from the content or artwork contained in SPARKS Magazine, including any errors or omissions or any opinions or advice given therein. This publication and its content is not a substitute for professional advice on a particular matter. Advertisements are accepted for publication in SPARKS Magazine only upon SNG Publishing Ltd standard terms of advertising.

A great way to improve your skills and boost your confidence is by entering competitions. If you haven’t entered the SPARKS Learner of the Year competition this year, then make sure you get involved and sign up for 2022! It’s free to enter and there are lots of great prizes to be won. Competitions are an important part of learning and will help keep you one step ahead of the game. The team here at SPARKS Magazine are one hundred percent committed to helping you get the most from your studies. We’re here to offer you inspiration, useful tips and advice and a window into the exciting world of electricity. In the meantime, keep entering our monthly competitions. They are free to enter and each month we give away £100's worth of tools and materials. We love to hear from you and see your work! Here's to 2021 being an awesome year for you!

Celia Matthews Editor

SEARCH FOR SPARKS MAGAZINE

EDITOR'S NOTE 02

SPARKS I WI NTE R 2 0 2 1 I E D I TO R ' S N OT E

FEATURES 02 Editorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Note 05

FixPix

07 Questions with Nick Bundy 08

SPARKS Learner of the Year 2021

11 Which van is right for you? 12

Learner of the Month Winners

13 Connectors: The easy way to connect 15

Competition from Schneider Electric

16 Changes to wiring regulations by ECA 17

LE ARNER OF THE YEAR

2021

Smart help for students

19 Smart Homes: Eco-friendly Brits 20

Smart Homes: Smart sockets

21 Smart Homes: Smart home lighting 22

Electrician's Profile with Karen Boom

24 Win a Rhino Pipetube Pro 25

Lost work during lockdown?

26 Test Instruments: Which tester? 28

Test Instruments: Don't spend more than you need to!

29 Test Instruments: Thermal imaging detects faults early

What's in your Toolbag? with Ian Sproat

32 Sparks Spotify Playlist 34

The Apprentice Voice

36 Circuit Protection & Consumer Units: The 18th Edition

AM2 Top Tips

56 Hall of Shame

EXERCISES 45 Circuit Protection 48

Distribution Boards & Consumer Units

50 Electrical Test Instrument Readings 52

Electrical Test Instruments

53 Circuit Protection 54

Test Instruments & Practices

CONTENTS C ON T E N T S I WI NTE R 2021 I SPA RKS

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Mark Allison

DIGITAL COLUMN Any initiative supporting apprentices is something we will always get behind. Apprentice121 was launched last year at the start of the first lockdown. Set up by electrician Mark Allison, the initiative aims to help apprentices find jobs - particularly those who lost theirs during the lockdown. Apprentice121 has already received support from the likes of NAPIT and Super Rod and Mark has already helped 'matchmake' more than 100 apprentices with employers around the country.

Instagram. He takes the information such as location, stage of apprenticeship and the sector they are looking for and tries to find a match with an employer. There is still a shortage of employers on the Apprentice121 scheme, so what are Mark’s tips for standing out from the crowd? “Apprentices need to be themselves, research employers and have some underpinning knowledge of the industry, even if it’s not technical. Be confident and communicate well. “Having an Instagram account for examples of any work completed can be really good. Have a CV and keep in touch with local wholesalers, they often know who has openings for work.” To see if Mark can help you, send an enquiry on his website apprentice121.co.uk, message the page on Instagram or join the dedicated LinkedIn group.

Mark says he gets around ten enquiries from apprentices each day through his website and a similar amount on

GET IN TOUCH!

#FIXPIX

Everyone loves a good wiring pic. If you’ve worked on something epic, make sure you take a photo and tag us on social media with #FixPix so that you can get the recognition you deserve!

SPARKSMagazineUK #F I X PI X I WI NTE R 2021 I SPA RKS

20 mer you’ve Most memorable custo for ever worked ? r cat Old lady called Doris. He ! tea of sh*t in my cup

What would be your last meal? Can of monster and a BBQ-base Dominos pizza

If you could have one it be? superpower what would Super strength

QUESTIONS

Nick Bundy is a self-employed Stafford-based electrician and vlogger, with an impressive and very fast-growing following on both his Instagram page and YouTube channel. We put our 20 questions to Nick. tched? Best film you’ve ever wa e am dg En Avengers:

Favourite part of the job ? Job satisfaction after a tough job

What’s one song you can sing word for word? Ed Sheeran “You need me, I don’t need you”

Most useful tool? Adam, my apprentice Best place yo u’ve travelled to? India

Have you got any hidden ta lents? I can get drun k with only 2 be ers

What’s one th ing on your bu cket list? Hitting a 100k subs on YouTub e would be epic!

Go to meal deal? Tesco. Monster, chicken h and stuffing sandwich wit s sp cri l tai prawn cock

What’s the biggest misconception about your trade? That sparks are messy, but I might be a rare one tha t owns 3 hoovers

What do you spend way too much time doing? YouTube

Summer or Winter? (and wh y) Winter, I hate being in a loft in the heat

If you could have dinner with one person who would it be? My Dad

Do you believe in alien Yes

Cats or dogs? Dogs, even though ‘we’ have 4 cats

Go to hot drink? Tea all da y long

n_bundy_electrical

What’s your pe t peeve? Chewing food loudly

Favourite drink to have after a day on the job? Punk IPA

NBundyElectrical

THE SEARCH HAS BEGUN! LE ARNER OF THE YEAR

2021

WWW.SPARKS -MAGAZINE.CO.UK We are excited to announce that the search for the 2021 SPARKS Learner of the Year has begun!

he SPARKS Learner of the Year 2021 competition offers the next generation of electricians the chance to be recognised for their hard work and skills. This year we shook things up with a new name and format. We were confident the changes would create even more interest from talented learners across the UK, and you didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t disappoint us. From colleges nationwide, students and apprentices have been handpicked by their lecturers to take part in the competition, and show off their skills.

SPARKS I WI NTE R 2 0 2 1 I LOY 2 0 2 1

As well as the prestige that comes from winning the competition, there are fantastic prizes up for grabs, with every competitor receiving a certificate for taking part. The prizes have been donated by well-known industry names including our sponsors Schneider Electric and WAGO. The SPARKS Learner of the Year would not be possible without our amazing sponsors, all truly dedicated to supporting and nurturing the next generation of electrical talent. A massive shout out to: Schneider Electric, Electric Center, DeWalt, WAGO, The IET, Checkatrade, NAPIT, Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles, Prysmian and Snickers.

A MASSIVE SHOUT OUT TO OUR SPONSORS

Alex Rendall, of Bridgwater & Taunton College, won the 2020 competition. Alex, who won the competition on his third attempt after entering in the previous two years, said: “I’m over the moon, really happy. All the hard work was worth it. There are fantastic prizes on offer, it’s a great experience to meet new people and you get to work with products you might not work with on a day-to-day basis. It’s great to build your confidence, as you get the plans in the morning and have to keep calm and figure out how you’re going to do it.”

“There are fantastic prizes on offer and it’s a great experience to meet new people!”

Official Tool Sponsor

Official Van Sponsor

To keep up to date with how the competitors are progressing, follow us on any of our social media platforms. We wish all the competitors the very best of luck!

Exciting Job Opportunities Available Who we are? The SMB Group is a highly successful FE college, formed through the merger of Stephenson College and Brooksby Melton College. We are an innovative and highly responsive centre for education and training with campuses in Coalville, Melton Mowbray and Brooksby. Our Stephenson College campus, a state-of-the-art, modern campus is considered to be one of the best designed and up-to-date colleges in the country. Students learn in a modern setting and have access to industry standard equipment across all faculties. Why work for us? • •

Competitive Salaries Career Average Pension Scheme (Teacher’s Pension Scheme) Local Government Pension Scheme (LGPS) Generous Holiday Entitlement Occupational Sick Pay Paid mileage Professional Development

• • • • •

• • • •

Free Onsite Parking Onsite Gym Private Health Care Plan Employee Assistance Programme Occupational Maternity, Paternity, Shared Parental Leave, Adoption Leave Allowances Family Friendly Policies

The College is supportive wherever possible of flexible working arrangements. We strive to be an equal opportunities employer and actively welcome applications from all sections of the community. As a Disability Confident Employer, we are committed to a positive approach to employing and retaining disabled people. Disabled applicants will be guaranteed an interview where they demonstrate that they meet the essential selection criteria.

Have you considered teaching your trade? Due to the expansion of our provision we are seeking candidates for the following Construction Trade positions. • • • •

Workshop Supervisor Electrical Workshop Supervisor Lecturer in Electrical Installations Lecturer in Plumbing

Are you an experienced and knowledgeable Trade professional wanting to develop your career whilst passing your valuable skills to the next generation? We want to hear from you!

Here’s what you’ll need: • Recent Experience of working in the industry • Up to date knowledge of subject/ vocational area • Ability to inspire, motivate and raise aspirations of learners • A minimum level 3 qualification in the relevant subject (Electrical and Plumbing) • Level 2 qualification in Maths and English or the ability to demonstrate competence at this level through diagnostic testing • A teaching qualification OR the willingness to obtain one for Lecturing roles

If you would like to have an informal discussion about the vacancies, getting in to teaching and to visit our Campus please contact the Human Resources Team on 01530 836136 or email us at humanresources@smbgroup.ac.uk To view all of our current vacancies please visit the College website www.smbgroup.ac.uk/work-with-us.php

Stephenson College, Thornborough Road, Coalville, Leicestershire, LE67 3TN

WHICH VAN IS RIGHT FOR YOU?

It is more important than ever to stand out from the crowd and offer your customers something that others cannot. A key differentiator can be your choice of vehicle – not just for the professional image that it presents when you arrive, but also ensuring it is reliable so that you can turn up on time, every time.

> AFTERSALES SUPPORT

t may sound obvious but when choosing a van, you’ll need to think about what and who you need to carry, what your longest loads are and how much they weigh. > CHOOSING THE RIGHT VAN

Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles offers a diverse model range – from the compact Caddy, through to the best-selling Transporter to spacious Crafter panel vans. The vehicles are as dependable as ever, but are now more versatile, comfortable, and safer. Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles also offers a range of conversions plus racking and shelving options so you can store materials, equipment and tools safely and efficiently.

“Don’t separate buying your van from running it” > FUNDING YOUR VAN With the right vehicle chosen, the next question is financing. Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles Financial Services offers a comprehensive range of options. A finance expert is available at every Van Centre to guide you through the process, which is ideal when starting out on your own.

Don’t separate buying your van from running it. Taking out a service and maintenance contract when you purchase your van can be cost-effective, especially when rolled into a monthly payment, and means you don’t have to worry about regular servicing costs. Every Volkswagen van comes backed by Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles’ ‘Working With You’ promise. This provides businesses with aftersales support including extended opening hours, Mobile Servicing support and expertly-trained Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles technicians. All this is aimed at keeping your vehicle on the road, minimising downtime and allowing you to focus on your day job. For more information visit www.volkswagen-vans.co.uk

LEARNER OF

THE MONTH HOW IT WORKS

he award, which is open to all full-time learners and apprentices, aims to celebrate the amazing work that upcoming talent in the industry is producing.

There is a prize usually worth £100+ for the winner each month – and you will feature in our online Hall of Fame and in the next issue of SPARKS!

LEARNER OF THE MONTH

> BETWEEN THE 1ST AND 20TH OF A MONTH Tag us in a new photo of your best work on Instagram, Facebook or Twitter – use #SPARKSLOTM. Any entries later than the 20th will roll over into the following month.

> BETWEEN 21ST AND 23RD OF A MONTH We will choose our favourite entries (up to a maximum of eight).

> ONE WEEK BEFORE THE END OF THE MONTH We will share the top entries on the @sparksmagazineuk Instagram page to allow our followers and your friends, family, clients and colleagues to vote for your image.

> ON THE LAST DAY OF THE MONTH We will reveal who has got the most votes and therefore won!

For T&Cs head to our website.

SEPTEMBER WINNER

OCTOBER WINNER

NOVEMBER WINNER

TREY MACGREGOR

JOE DIXON

ADAM WALKER

COVENTRY COLLEGE

BUCKS COLLEGE, AYLESBURY

OLDHAM COLLEGE / CJK BUILDING AND ELECTRICAL SERVICES

Trey won a 2773 series L-BOXX and merch from WAGO. He said, “It feels great to win the award – a real confidence booster, and it feels great that tons of my friends and associates voted and supported me to win!” The photo he submitted to the award showcased an extractor fan that he was fitting in student accommodation.

After winning a prize bundle from competition sponsor, Knipex, Joe, 29, said, “It’s a real surprise to win the award to be honest! There were a lot of great entries from people who have been working in electrics longer than me so I am thankful to everyone who voted. I am really pleased!” He went on to say that he’d been admiring the Knipex stuff online and he’s looking forward to using the tools in the workshop.

The award was sponsored by DeWalt who donated a combi drill to Adam, which he says he will be using on the re-wire of the three-storey house he’s currently working on as there are a lot of floor beams to drill through. When asked how he felt to win the award, Adam said, “My work being recognised by this award fills me with pride and a sense of achievement. It is also nice to be recognised by my peers and spurs me on to progress with my chosen profession.”

“Tag us in a new photo of your best work on Instagram, Facebook or Twitter – use #SPARKSLOTM”

THE EASY WAY TO CONNECT

Ditch the labour-intensive, error-prone screw terminals for the fast, reliable spring connectors from WAGO. Screw terminations can come loose through vibration and temperature fluctuations over time, which can cause increased heat and result in fires. Also, screw terminations cannot be used in maintenance-free applications as they require inspection.

> WIRING CENTRES Perfect for control applications with up to 60 conductors or as a central point from which to run circuits.

Spring terminations flex and keep a constant force on the conductor which eliminates the above issues and also makes them perfect for maintenancefree applications, when used in conjunction with the correct enclosures.

> ENCLOSURES WAGOBOX enclosures are used to offer mechanical cable restraint and secondary insulation. GEL boxes, WAGOBOX capsule & Spelsberg Abox also offer protection against water ingress.

Two types of connectors: > LEVER Available in 2-, 3- & 5-conductor versions, the connectors accept all conductors between 0.2mm² to 6mm².

For more info, visit: www.wago.com

> PUSHWIRE® Available in 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- & 8-conductor versions, the connectors accept solid conductors between 0.75mm² to 4mm², and 7-stranded conductors from 1.5mm² to 4mm².

QUIZ TIME! Q1 Which connector can be used in maintenance-free applications? A: Screw B: Spring

Q2 Which connector would you use to connect 7 solid 1mm² conductors? A: PUSHWIRE® B: Lever Q3 Which enclosures can be used outside? A: Gel boxes B: WAGOBOX Capsule C: Spelsberg Abox

C ON N EC TOR S I WI NTE R 2021 I SPA RKS

Studying for a career in the electrical industry?

Find out how the IET can help

As co-publisher of BS 7671 (IET Wiring Regulations), we have lots of information and guidance available to help you get into the electrical industry. From informative articles on different ways into industry and the most relevant qualifications, to videos designed to help de-mystify certain areas of the Wiring Regulations, our website is full of useful resources for electrical students, including: – – – –

Books for students, such as the Student’s Guide to the IET Wiring Regulations The Student’s Guide video series including topics such as Safe Isolation and Risk Assessment Wiring Matters magazine articles to help you with your studies A job profile bank detailing some of the many different career options available to you when you qualify

Visit theiet.org/elec-students to find out more

MYSCHNEIDER

ELECTRICIAN COMPETITION

WIN

A WISER HEAT KIT & £50 AMAZON VOUCHER

Don’t miss out on this exclusive offer from Schneider Electric – only for SPARKS readers! Wiser Heat is the easier, smarter, better way to personalise home heating. Adjust the temperature in individual rooms with the smart radiator thermostats, and control the system from anywhere in the world via an intuitive mobile app. Or if you don’t even want to lift a finger, you can ask Amazon Alexa to change the temperature for you! As well as increased comfort and convenience, you’ll also benefit from reduced heating bills due to more efficient energy usage.

HOW TO ENTER… SIMPLY REGISTER for the personalised experience on Schneider Electric’s website via this link:

Closing Date: 20th May

Good Luck! The personalised experience gives you access to everything you need in one handy hub – from training and webinars to product information, guides and tools.

C OM PE T I T I ON I WI NTE R 2021 I SPA RKS

CHANGES TO WIRING

REGULATIONS

DID YOU KNOW? Gary Parker, ECA Technical Manager, highlights some of the proposed changes to the 18th Edition of the Wiring Regulations. > ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGE POINTS

> WHY NOW?

The IET Wiring Regulations underwent an overhaul when the 18th Edition (BS 7671:2018) came into full effect in 2019. Amendment 1, which concerns electric vehicle charge points, came into effect on 1 February 2020. Now, BSI is seeking views on a new set of changes to the 18th Edition – Amendment 2 (AMD 2) – which could represent the biggest set of revisions to the Regulations yet.

The rationale for Amendment 2 is similar to that behind the original 18th Edition: given the way our industry operates, the roles electrical engineers serve, and the increasing speed of technological change, the Regulations must reflect these changes to ensure installations are safe, efficient, useful, and able to meet evolving standards.

THE IET WIRING REGULATIONS IS THE ESSENTIAL PUBLICATION FOR ALL PROFESSIONALS IN THE ELECTROTECHNICAL AND ENGINEERING SERVICES SECTOR.

> NEXT STEPS

“This could represent the biggest set of revisions to the Regulations yet”

The 2nd Amendment to the 18th Edition of the Wiring Regulations (BS 7671:2018) was opened as a Draft for Public Comment (DPC) from 21 September to 11 December 2020. The DPC is now being reviewed before a final version is decided upon in the coming months. In previous years, ECA Member comments have been directly responsible for improving the Regulations and ensuring that BS 7671 remains a practical and workable document, to the benefit of both customers and contractors.

To learn more about this, visit www.eca.co.uk/AMD2

SPARKS I WI NTE R 2 0 2 1 I WIRIN G RE G UL AT I ON S

SMART HELP FOR STUDENTS

Almost every household today includes some sort of smart connectivity device. The development of connected technology is exciting and incredibly fast-paced. This presents a fantastic opportunity for electrical engineering students who want to venture into the home technology industry, and CEDIA is here to help.

ith new technology, unfamiliar terminology, and specialist integration skills, it can be an overwhelming task entering the industry without the necessary training. CEDIA is the industry association that can help students make the transition into the home technology industry. CEDIA’s carefully curated training courses are perfect for those who want to extend their smart home knowledge – its City and Guilds accredited Smart Home Technician programme being the best place to start. This programme aims to give delegates a unique overview of the smart home installation process and improve specific skills, comprising 12 diverse training courses from the CEDIA Boot Camp, ESC Technical and Networking Schools, and two examinations.

> COURSE TOPICS INCLUDE: > Electronic and Science Skills > Cables, Connectivity, and Structured Wiring > Audio, Video, and RF Systems for Installers > Home Cinema and HD Video Distribution > Smart Home Control and Lighting Systems > Rack Building and Wiring Fundamentals

“CEDIA can help students make the transition into the home technology industry”

> Networking On completion of the Smart Home Technician programme, attendees are awarded with a Smart Home Technician certificate, and two CEDIA Certifications. For more information, scan the QR code below:

mySchneider app Connect to Schneider Electricâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s digital hub to get instant chat support and much more at your fingertips! Upload invoices to claim rewards Access e-learning modules and webinars Browse catalogues, on and offline

www.se.com/uk

Download now:

ECO-FRIENDLY B R I T S

New research by Schneider Electric reveals almost 9 in 10 (89%) Brits regard energy efficiency as the most important factor when carrying out home improvements.

chneider’s survey of two thousand UK homeowners highlighted their shifting mindset post-COVID-19. With the average Brit predicted to spend £1,458 on home improvements in the next three years, homeowners are now expected to focus investment on becoming eco-friendly.

“It is evident that Brits recognise the importance of solving climate change challenges”

> ENERGY EFFICIENCY A TOP PRIORITY The survey highlighted that energy efficiency and usage came in as the top of priorities (89%), while comfort and design followed closely behind. Investing in sustainable products, such as solar panels, came in fourth, being a priority to just over two-thirds. Increasing the size of a home and new entertainment systems were regarded as less important (49% and 41% respectively). > STRIVING TOWARDS A NET ZERO HOME By 2050, electricity use in homes is set to more than double. According to the Climate Change Commission (CCC), the UK will only meet its zero carbon goals by almost entirely eliminating greenhouse gas emissions from Britain’s 29 million homes. It is evident that Brits recognise the importance of solving climate change challenges.

> TECHNOLOGY IS KEY TO EFFICIENT HOMES Nico van de Merwe, VP of Home and Distribution at Schneider Electric, believes that technology is the answer to solving the problem, stating that “By creating connected energy efficiency solutions acting like a ‘Fitbit for your home’, we will enable unprecedented visibility over energy habits. As our homes become truly intelligent, a firm foundation for net zero homes will emerge.”

implemented to make these changes happen. Schneider Electric is leading the change in doing just that.

There are a multitude of products and systems, ranging from smart energy monitors and smart thermostats to electric vehicle charging stations and smart solar panels, which can be easily For further information, visit www.se.com SM A R T H OM E S I WI NTE R 2021 I SPA RKS

SMART SOCKETS Smart home automation has developed at a rapid rate and continues to do so as microprocessor, software and network technology advances, whilst making networked devices more integral and affordable. > STANDARD BACK BOX INSTALLATION BG Electrical has created a ‘Smart’ socket and software application that enables full control of connected devices and is easily installed into a standard 25mm back box. This enables users to create timers and delays, to switch devices on or off and set for specific periods. This functionality is perfect for creating a children’s bedtime routine to switch off lights and devices at the desired time to ensure they are not up late watching TV or playing on a games console!. > INCREASED SECURITY Scenes can be created to control the function of grouped devices and a random function provides extra security whilst away from home, by giving outsiders the impression that the residence is occupied. > MULTIPLE SHARING The app allows multiple household members to share control as well as a multi-homes function to manage devices in more than one property. There are also parental lock features available to control and restrict access to certain devices.

“The app integrates with Amazon Alexa, IFTTT, Apple Siri and Google Assistant”

> PRODUCT REASSURANCE BG Electrical are approved to ISO 9001:2015, the international standard for quality management systems. All BG products, for markets with UK electrical standards, are manufactured to the latest edition of those standards. For more information, visit www.luceco.com

SMART HOME LIGHTING

The internal lighting of a property is often overlooked by homeowners, however a well-planned design can enhance the space and create a feeling of great warmth and comfort. Especially with so many homeowners now working from home, comfort has become a top priority. > PLANNING IS KEY

> FULL CONNECTIVITY

When providing an optimum lighting solution across a home, it is important, initially, to consider each lighting area from an individual viewpoint, taking account of its potential use, since the style and position of lighting selected will affect the result. Once this has been achieved, then consider these spaces in their entirety in order to provide a cohesive lighting installation across the property as a whole.

With Ansell Lighting’s OCTO WiZ Connected platform, homeowners have full control of their lighting set up. The systems work via Bluetooth and Wifi hybrid technology with Infra-Red remote switches, voice control which operates with Google Assistant, Alexa and Apple Siri (IOS-12), and by integrating through the Cloud to many other connected systems. The system also has a multi-user and multi-location control.

Designing, planning and installing the lighting equipment is just the first part of the process when illuminating a home. The ambience provided by any lighting installation can best be achieved when optimising the installed lighting to best effect. That way the homeowner has the opportunity to create different scenes within each location and cohesively across the whole property through the use of a connected lighting system.

> MULTIPLE COLOURS

“There are 16 million different colours to choose from, including 64,000 shades of white!”

There are pre-set ‘well-being’ modes of colours and 16 million different colours to choose from, including 64,000 shades of white! The OCTO WiZ Connected range offers users flexibility, enabling the creation of differing scenes with tuneable white and/or multiple colour options across different spaces. For more information, visit: www.anselluk.com

ELECTRICIAN’S

PROFILE

KAREN BOOM Can’t find a role model? Then become one! That’s what inspired Karen Boom to become an electrician. She’s now a successful selfemployed electrician who inspires others on Twitter, mentors other women and was voted in the Top 10 Screwfix Britain's Top Tradespeople!

SPARKS: How did it all start? Karen Boom: I was looking after a rented house for my BFF whilst she was away. I needed to find an electrician to look at a couple of jobs and was so disappointed at the poor response that I decided to look into learning the trade myself!

SPARKS: What’s the best thing about being an electrician?

SPARKS: What made you want to become self-employed?

KB: Helping people! There’s no better feeling than making something safer or getting something to work again for someone.

KB: Firstly, I didn’t want to answer to anyone else. Secondly, I wanted to be in control of my own destiny, set my own hours and earnings. Thirdly, I wanted to be a role model and finally, I wanted to find and heal myself.

SPARKS: Have you faced any challenges being a woman in a male-dominated industry? KB: It’s only been a good thing. Clients find it refreshing to be able to choose a female to carry out their work. I know that sexist behavior is still out there but it’s not something I have really encountered as I work for myself. SPARKS: You have a big presence on Twitter. How does it benefit you? KB: It gives me an excellent support network at the end of my fingertips. Being a tradesperson can often feel lonely. Being able to get involved with banter on social media is a big stress reliever. It's important to me to be visible so that other women and girls can find me. I mentor several women behind the scenes and it gives me a massive sense of achievement to see them flourish.

SPARKS: What’s the next step for you? KB: Celebrations! ‘She’s Electric’ will be celebrating 10 years in 2021. I am also helping my amazing friend, Hattie Hassan, who created the National Register Of Tradeswomen and I am involved in the creation of that. SPARKS: What advice would you give to other women thinking of starting a career as an electrician? KB: Go for it! There is absolutely no reason why women cannot be successful in a trade. You can be your own boss, manage your own diary and earn an excellent living.

@Shes_ElectricUK 22

SPARKS I WI NTE R 2 0 2 1 I E L EC T RIC I AN ’S PROF I L E

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WIN A RHINO PIPETUBE PRO!

The Rhino PipeTube Pro is the latest redesign of Rhino’s bestselling pipe tube accessory, and now features an optional PVC lining, alongside new features such as an O-ring seal to help reduce water entering the tube, a new powder coated paint finish and an integral locking system, making the lock harder to access.

> DID YOU KNOW? Without a PVC lining in your pipe carrier, a galvanic reaction between the inner walls of the tube with the materials stored inside can occur – especially if water enters the tube. This can leave a green coloured residue that can discolour your plastic conduit and trunking. Through the addition of a PVC lining, Rhino’s PipeTube Pro creates a barrier, protecting the items stored inside from discolouration. Since its original launch in 2005, the Rhino PipeTube has been the pipe-carrying accessory of choice for electrical engineers around the globe, offering a safe and secure method of transporting plastic conduit and other lengthy materials on the van roof. > WHO ARE RHINO PRODUCTS? Rhino Products are Europe’s leading manufacturers of commercial vehicle accessories. With a range including roof racks, bars, pipe tubes and more, Rhino supply products of unrivalled quality for van users around the world.

To view the full range, visit www.rhinoproducts.co.uk

COMPETITION TIME! In this exclusive competition for SPARKS readers, we’re giving you the chance to win a 3m lined Rhino PipeTube Pro To enter, simply send an email to admin@sng-publishing.co.uk and put ‘RHINO WIN’ in the subject line. Good luck! Closing Date: 20th May T&C’s can be found by visiting sparks-magazine.co.uk

SPARKS I WI NTE R 2 0 2 1 I RH IN O PRO D UC T S

LOST WORK DURING LOCKDOWN?

Mark Allison has been involved in the electrical industry since 1999. He has now ventured on to a new project, Apprentice121, a service which aims to get apprentices back into work. SPARKS: What’s been the most rewarding part about setting up the initiative?

SPARKS: How many people do you think you have helped through Apprentice121?

MA: Speaking with so many keen and determined students. Helping them find new employment and seeing the skills they have demonstrated in some of the competitions I have run has been great.

MA: Currently we have had over 8,000 interactions across social media and the website. We have helped around 280 apprentices find new employment, so far.

SPARKS: What’s been the most challenging part of Apprentice121? SPARKS: What inspired you to set up the initiative and how does it work? Mark Allison: During lockdown, I received lots of messages from apprentices asking if we had any jobs available as they had lost work. I wanted to do something to help them. I chat with apprentices and employers across social media about work opportunities in their area and help link them together.

MA: Keeping on top of all the messages and DMs. I hate to let people down and miss messages but it’s a challenge!

SPARKS: Have you got any tips for apprentices who are looking for work? MA: I always say, speak to your local wholesalers and let them know you’re available for work (leave your CV with them). They often know the employers looking for workers. Send your CV to local contractors and follow up with a telephone call.

“Get in touch with Apprentice 121, we can try to help!”

For more information, visit www.apprentice121.co.uk or @apprentice121

A PPRE N T I C E 121 I WI NTE R 2021 I SPA RKS

WHICH TESTER?

In order to work with testers, you need to have a clear understanding about which tester does what. Here, we take a look at the popular ‘Multifunction Installation Tester’, available from Electric Center under their Acel label. > THE MULTIFUNCTION INSTALLATION TESTER This tester is one of the most important testers amongst electricians and a must-have for your toolkit. It comes equipped with many features and benefits to enable fast, accurate and reliable testing of all fixed installations. Check out the list of features included in the Acel AC0566.

“This tester is one of the most important testers amongst electricians and a must have for your toolkit”

KEY FEATURES > Accurate no trip Loop testing, including a 2-wire method for lighting circuits

> Maximum Zs value tables within the unit, to let you know whether the reading is good or bad > Single and 3 Phase Loop testing, making it perfect for standard, commercial & industrial applications > Time-saving combined automatic Loop, PSC/PFC & RCD tests, meaning only one connection and key press > Tests AC RCDs, plus the newer A & B types which are now being fitted in boards due to so many electronic devices being connected to the supply > Automatic Insulation Test, checks all conductors with just one connection and key press > Input connection detection - meaning the unit cannot be damaged by an incorrect input voltage The Acel AC0566 Multifunction Installation Tester is available from Electric Center and comes with a calibration certificate and a 3-year guarantee. To find your local branch, go to www.electric-center.co.uk

SPARKS I WI NTE R 2 0 2 1 I T E S T IN S T RUM E N T S

> Continuity Test can be latched on for 99 seconds speeding up the process of checking numerous circuits

Motor testing at its best

MTR105

Rotating Machine Tester The new Megger Baker MTR105 hand-held static motor tester is designed for performing multifunctional tests on motors. All in one device at an affordable price. n Insulation Resistance tester n DLRO (Digital Low Resistance Ohmmeter) n Voltmeter n Motor rotation tester n LCR meter n Temperature measurement n CAT III 600 V (up to 3000 m)

Learn more at megger.com/MTR105

DON’T SPEND MORE THAN YOU NEED TO! For those of you who are just starting out, you’ll soon want to purchase a good tester that won’t break the bank! Brendan Beaver, manager at Metrel UK, explains that spending more money doesn’t necessarily mean better quality.

here are some great testers on the market which are incredible value for money that won’t restrict the work you can do. The strength of the Metrel tester range is that they are built round modern dot matrix screen technology. The less expensive testers are monochrome, while at the other end of the range the testers have full colour touch screens.

> HELP SCREENS

> INSULATION TESTS

Just because they cost less it does not mean a machine like the MI3125 BT multi-function tester is not very capable. The key to this usability is the help screens, which remind you of the connections you need to make to do each test.

Its features include an extended range of insulation tests, from a test voltage of 50 V, to prevent expensive mistakes. The dot matrix screen allows the results to be displayed on a single screen, making them easier to interpret and record.

> 3-PHASE CAPABLE

> CAR CHARGERS

The MI3125 BT performs all the tests that you would expect for 18th Edition certification, but it gives you more than the basic tests. For example, it is 3-phase capable, so won’t limit your growth potential to purely domestic work.

Another unusual feature is the 3-wire earth electrode test, for use when working in rural areas and installing EVSE chargers. For EVSE testing the MI3125BT will allow you to fully test all of the points and certificate your test results.

“The MI3125 BT performs all the tests that you would expect for 18th Edition certification”

For more information visit www.metrel.co.uk

THERMAL IMAGING DETECTS FAULTS EARLY Thermal imaging cameras measure and visualise temperature variations. The key aspect is that they can give both visual representation and temperature information in a non-contact and non-invasive method. This makes them a great tool for electricians to help detect faults in electrical systems for safer maintenance.

> HOW THEY WORK The cameras work by measuring the infrared energy emitted from the surface of objects. Since this amount of infrared is directly proportional to temperature, we can use the thermal imaging camera to show the apparent surface temperature based on the emissivity of the object. > QUICK FAULT DETECTION Using a thermal imaging camera to detect faults is referred to as thermography, where the thermal camera helps to visualise defects through temperature variations that should or should not be there â&#x20AC;&#x201C; also allowing for an on-site evaluation and faster solutions.. Thermography for electrical systems is an efficient method for any electrician to detect areas of power loss, localise faults and system monitoring, keeping electrical systems safe during and after maintenance checks.

DID YOU KNOW? EMISSIVITYÂ IS THE MEASURE OF AN OBJECT'S ABILITY TO EMIT INFRARED ENERGY

> TESTO THERMAL IMAGING CAMERAS The testo 868 thermal imager helps users spot potential overheating issues early. Its electrical applications include testing in switching cabinets, distribution boards, contactors and fuses, as well as checking cables for signs of overloading.

For higher image quality and the added benefit of being able to measure current or voltage within circuits as part of electrical thermography, the testo 872 can link to a testo 770-3 clamp meter via Bluetooth wireless connection. This allows simple documentation of both the visual picture at inspection and the actual current or voltage values at the time of testing.

For more information, visit: www.testo.com/en-UK/products/thermal-imager T E S T I N S T RU M E N T S I WI NTE R 2021 I SPA RKS

WHAT’S IN YOUR TOOL BAG?

I A N S P R OAT Ian Sproat, owner of Eco Home Electrics Ltd in North Tyneside, has been in the industry since he was just 15. “I used to go on site with my dad to knock boxes out, and as soon as I left school I started my apprenticeship. I’ve been in the game ever since, currently 23 years.” > DEWALT MULTI-TOOL > DEWALT LASER LEVEL My Dewalt Laser Level is one of my most used tools, alongside my Dewalt 18V Multi-Tool. If I could give any new electricians starting out some advice, it would be to get a decent multi-tool; we use ours for everything from chasing plaster, lifting floorboards neatly, to cutting boxes out.

eco_home_electrics_ltd

“I love the design aspect of electrical work, from dressing a consumer unit all the way through to custom lighting”

> HAGER SCREWDRIVER SET

> STANLEY FATMAX TAPE MEASURE My Stanley Fat Max Tape Measure is great for reaching those high areas without bending.

> ARMEG SCREWDRIVER BIT & SOCKET SET My favourite tool is my Armeg 27-piece socket and screwdriver set. I literally use it daily.

> CK CROPPERS

> CK CROPPERS I use my CK croppers for all stripping and cutting. I find it easier than snips and pliers.

HOT TOOL TIP IF I COULD GIVE ANY NEW ELECTRICIANS STARTING OUT SOME ADVICE IT WOULD BE GET A DECENT MULTI-TOOL.

> WIHA SCREWDRIVER SET > VETO PRO PAC AX3514 OT-MC For my toolbag, I use a Veto Pro Pac AX3514 OT-MC which is one of the best bags I've ever used. One of my Instagram friends gave it to me! It’s so easy to transport and sit down on a job. All your tools are visible, so access is brilliant.

I use my Wiha screwdriver set every day, which I won from Hager’s ‘Install of the Month’. When I'm not using the Hager drivers I use the Slimfix Wiha set.

PLAYLIST

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D U C T S

WORKING FOR YOU

We asked learners and those already in the trade to tell us the issues that are affecting them, with experts across the industry helping to answer questions and provide advice. Got something that’s concerning you? Get in touch and we will get your question answered!

@DCWELECTRICAL

@JAACKWILSON_

I work full time, train at night school and I’m doing my level 2 diploma in Electrical. It’s difficult to find work experience- any advice?

I’m concerned about joining new companies and them expecting me to know everything straight away.

“It is hard to get the experience you deserve. My advice is to be persistent, offer your time for free in exchange for the experience. Put your CV in your local wholesalers. Someone out there will give you a shot. Talk the language, evidence your knowledge & skills to date and be passionate.” Dave Love EngTech MIET, Senior Curriculum Manager – Apprenticeships & STEM

“You weren’t employed as an electrician, but as an apprentice. So you’re expected to turn up on time, keen, willing to learn and assist your mentor with the day's project. As for knowing everything, the skills an Electrician needs are so varied that even after many years working in the trade there is still plenty to learn. Knowing your limits, having a good working attitude and not being afraid to ask for help is all you can do whilst you build up your confidence. Good luck!.” Peter Arrow, Electrician at Arrow and Son Ltd

Send your question to editor@sng-publishing.co.uk

APPRENTICE VOICE 34

SPARKS I WI NTE R 2 0 2 1 I APPRE N T IC E VO I C E

THE 18 EDITION TH

AND CIRCUIT PROTECTION

The 18th Edition of the IET Wiring Regulations (BS7671:2018) has been fully implemented for some time now. Here, we look at the impact of those regulations on circuit protection devices. > RCDS & RCBOS Additional protection by use of a 30mA RCD or RCBO for all socket outlets, with ratings up to and including 32A and all domestic lighting circuits. In addition, RCDs shall be selected, and the circuits subdivided in such a way, to avoid unwanted tripping. The use of RCBOs has become more common on individual circuits or even on every circuit. RCBOs are available in both standard size and miniature MCB size which frees space in the consumer unit. Installing RCBOs on all circuits reduces the consequences of multiple circuits tripping. The regulations state that for general purposes a Type AC RCDs may be used, however, certain installations will require the use of Type A, Type B or Type F RCDs to protect against possible DC fault current.

> SURGE PROTECTION DEVICES (SPDS) Protection against transient over voltages is now required in various situations specified in the regulations. Typically, in a domestic environment, a Type 2 SPD is the type installed to protect against effects of man-made transients. SPDs are also available as combined types, notably, the Type 1+2 SPDs which provide protection against both indirect lightning surges and man-made transients. Cudis Single Module, 2 Pole, Type 2 SPD

RCBO loaded LumoÂŽ Consumer Unit with Type 2 Surge Protection LumoÂŽ Retro-Fit Type 2 Surge Protection Board

> ARC FAULT DETECTION DEVICES (AFDDS)

Type B RCD (2 Pole 63A 30mA)

Miniature Type A RCBO

The use of Type A RCDs is becoming more widespread especially for EV charger installations and where the installer is concerned about DC leakages from LED lighting and personal equipment chargers. Type A RCDs are available as individual devices or pre-loaded into dual RCD boards. Type A RCBOs are also available.

SPARKS I WI NTE R 2 0 2 1 I CIRCUIT PROTEC TION AND CONSUMER UNIT S

AFDDs are recommended as a method for providing additional protection against fire but their use is not mandatory in the current regulations. This, along with the relative expense of an AFDD compared to a RCBO, means that their adoption is limited at this time although this situation may well change as the wiring regulations evolve. For more information, visit www.cudis.co.uk

AM2 TOP TIPS

If you’re nearing the end of your apprenticeship and taking your AM2S assessment soon, check out these top tips from NET to keep you one step ahead of the game.

HOT TIP IF YOU COMPLETED YOUR CHECKLIST SOME TIME AGO, MAKE SURE YOU REVISIT IT

> CHECKOUT THE CHECKLIST!

> SAFE ISOLATION IS KEY!

The details of the assessment are all laid out in the ‘Readiness for Assessment’ checklist on the NET website. You can look at what you’ll need to do, so you can ask yourself: how much knowledge and experience do I have in this area?

A number of candidates fail because they did not safely isolate before starting the installation task. Make sure you practice the 10-point safe isolation test before your assessment!

If you completed your checklist some time ago, make sure you revisit it to ensure you’re 100% confident in all areas, especially if you’ve been furloughed or have had a break in your learning.

> FOLLOW THE SPECIFICATION During your assessment, you’ll be given a specification which you must follow throughout the whole task. Many candidates fail because they didn’t follow the specification. Even if you think what you are doing is correct, a fundamental aspect of industry competence is being able to follow the client’s instructions. So, you must work to the requirements that are presented to you, rather than the way you’ve always done it or what you feel is best.

> INSPECTION & TESTING You can refer to the Onsite Guide, Guidance Note 3 and the Wiring Regulations during the assessment. If you don’t get opportunities to practice this area, see if you can observe colleagues or ask your training provider and employer for advice, as they have committed to provide this learning in your apprenticeship contract. It's a key section of the AM2S and in the checklist you must confirm you have knowledge and practical experience in this area before you book your assessment.

Check out the NET website for Top Tips videos and more information on each section of the assessment: www.netservices.org.uk/candidate-guidance T R A I N I N G I WI NTE R 2021 I SPA RKS

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CORDED POWER – CORDLESS FREEDOM Work is easier without an electric cable holding you back, but are cordless tools strong enough for every task? What about the really tough jobs that need large angle grinders, saws or rotary hammers, for example? Thanks to BITURBO, described by Bosch Professional as its most innovative and powerful range of 18V battery-powered tools ever, cordless convenience now goes much further. Their revolutionary technology brings you the same power and performance as corded tools rated up to 1800W.

Feel the Extreme BITURBO tools will turbocharge your working life and give you a sensation of extreme power. They achieve that by combining two key elements: a high-performance brushless motor and the highpowered Bosch ProCORE18V Professional Battery System. These two parts have been engineered to work perfectly together and maximise each other’s performance.

Brushes in traditional DC motors wear out, need regular replacement, produce damaging friction, generate excess heat and reduce energy efficiency and power. Brushless motors are much more efficient and powerful, run longer per charge and have up to twice the lifespan. BITURBO motors boost power even further with their maximised airflow, which reduces resistance, and their highstrength neodymium magnets.

A New Dimension of Power For maximum effect, the BITURBO motor is paired with an 8Ah or 12Ah ProCORE18V battery. Designed to drive and maintain the higher currents needed for power-hungry applications, these advanced batteries feature Bosch’s COOLPACK 2.0 technology. This uses intelligent heat management to optimise efficiency, for greater power and runtime, while extending battery life by preventing damage from overheating. Meanwhile, the BITURBO motor makes full use of ProCORE18V’s potential. A tool powered by one highly compact, lightweight ProCORE18V battery can match some competitors using two batteries.

Ultimate Performance. Maximum Freedom. BITURBO 18V tools and ProCORE18V batteries are part of the 100% compatible Bosch Professional 18V Flexible Power System. Any Bosch Professional 18V tool, battery or charger in your kit can be used with any other, although BITURBO and ProCORE18V will always work best when teamed together. This system’s multiple options include the world’s fastest 18V charger – the Bosch GAL 18V-160 C Professional. Capable, for instance, of charging an 8.0Ah ProcCORE18V battery from 0 to 80% in 32 minutes, it features Bluetooth connectivity and many other advances. GKT 18V-52 GC BITURBO Plunge Saw – Outstandingly compact with superior mobility and performance

The BITURBO Range Like all Bosch Professional products, BITURBO tools are built to a quality which will appeal especially to professionals who take a pride in their work and their equipment. Along with exceptional power, they promise lightweight design for easy handling and control. Bosch connectivity modules, allowing functions such as remote adjustment and data transmission, are typical of their high specifications, and most feature onboard interactive displays. They are also equipped to protect your health, with electronic safety systems like Kickback Control.

GBH 18V-36 C BITURBO Rotary Hammer – Leader in the SDS-max segment, with outstanding compactness and power Compared to normal products, BITURBO tools aren’t cheap – but they will certainly pay you back. You will immediately start saving time and energy, particularly on the most challenging jobs, and in the long run you will spend less on replacements thanks to extended tool and battery life. Visit https://www.bosch-professional.com/gb/en/ biturbo/ to find out more.

BITURBO tools combine a high-performance brushless motor with powerful ProCORE18V batteries to maximise power output and maintain a longer battery life per charge’

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EXERCISES Weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve been lucky enough to collaborate with electrical expert Mike Davies, who has been in the industry since the 1970s. Mike became a qualified electrical engineer after completing an apprenticeship when he left school at 16. He became a college lecturer in 1980 after completing a Further Education teacher training qualification. Now retired, Mike works as a self-employed lecturer and training consultant.

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17/08/2020 10:47

CIRCUIT PROTECTION Covering: Unit 203; Level 2 (C&G 2365-02) Diploma in Electrical Installations (Buildings & Structures) or EAL equivalent. Unit 302; Unit 303 and Unit 304; Level 3 (C&G 2365-03) Diploma in Electrical Installations (Buildings & Structures) or EAL equivalent.

Electrical circuit protective devices: Q1.

What is the possible outcome/s if the following circuit protective devices are installed as shown and a fault occurs in the 10A protected circuit? 10A BS 88 - 2 10A BS EN 60898 Type B 54A FAULT

16 BS 88 - 2

Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................................................

Q2.

a) Define the term ‘Over-current’ in respect to an electric cable.

Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................................

b) In an electrical circuit identify three reasons for an over-current.

Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................................

Q3.

Calculate the fault current that will be expected to flow in a 230V single-phase circuit if the impedance at the point of fault is 1.28Ω

Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................................

Q4.

A residual current circuit breaker, (RCD), operates on which specific electrical principle? Briefly explain how this principle applies.

Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................................................

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free

E X E RC I SE S I WI NTE R 2021 I SPA RKS

Q5.

What are the code letters that identifyâ&#x20AC;Ś

a) The maximum fault current a circuit-breaker can interrupt safely, although it may then be no longer usable afterwards.

Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................................

b) The maximum fault current a circuit-breaker can interrupt safely without loss of performance; i.e. it can be used again.

Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................................

c) State where and how these fault current values can be shown on a circuit-breaker

Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................................

Q6.

An industrial 3-phase 400V balanced resistive load is rated at 85kW.

a) Determine the design current of the circuit.

Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................................

b) State the type and rating of a suitable circuit-breaker to provide protection for this load.

Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................................

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free

SPARKS I WI NTE R 2 0 2 1 I E XE RC IS E S

Stay ahead of the curve

Join ECA as an Educational Associate ECA membership provides education and training organisations opportunities to engage with ECA on all aspects of the electrotechnical industry, helping trainers, teachers, assessors and students to be aware of the latest industry developments, best practice and standards. • Free access to industry-leading technical, safety and industry updates

• Free ECAtoday magazine, and ECAtoday editorial opportunities

• Access to exclusive Member-only content

• Free training use of ECA’s eRAMS risk assessment and method statement software (e.g. apprentice training)

• Opportunity to engage with ECA Skills Committee as a voice for the industry • Share and develop best practice amongst the Educational Associates network

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DISTRIBUTION BOARDS & CONSUMER UNITS Covering: C&G 2357 Level 3 Diploma in Electro-technical Technology: Unit 604: Understanding the principles of planning and selection for the installation of electro-technical equipment and systems in buildings, structures and the environment; and EAL equivalent.

Attempt the following short answer questions concerning electrical distribution boards and consumer units. Q1.

Briefly define the term ‘Distribution Board’

Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................................

Q2.

Briefly define the term ‘Consumer unit’

Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................................

Q3.

Identify the technical requirements of a circuit-breaker

Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................................

Q4.

What is the purpose of a ‘highway distribution board’?

Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................................

Q5.

Briefly describe the technical requirements for a domestic consumer unit to protect against direct contact with live parts (there are 4 requirements).

a): Answer ........................................................................................................................................................................... b): Answer ........................................................................................................................................................................... c): Answer ........................................................................................................................................................................... d): Answer ...........................................................................................................................................................................

Q6.

With respect to final circuits in an electrical installation state one requirement concerning the method by which the circuits are to be isolated and protected.

Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................................

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free

SPARKS I WI NTE R 2 0 2 1 I E XE RC IS E S

Are you an EV installer?

The rules on DC fault protection are changing for the 18th Edition*.

Car charging point installation and maintenance are the biggest opportunity for the electrical trade in years. Metrel testers, and others, can test Type B RCDs. Only Metrel can test automatic disconnect with a 6 mA DC fault current. Only Metrel can test all options of charging state output.

Find out how the A 1532 test adaptor and the MI 3152 can dramatically accelerate your business growth. CALL 01924 245000 or mail info@metrel.co.uk for more information TODAY! * ref 18th Edition 722.533.2.101 Metrel UK Ltd. Unit 16, 1st Qtr Business Park Blenheim Road, Epsom Surrey KT19 9QN

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ELECTRICAL TEST INSTRUMENT READINGS Covering Unit 607 (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing Electro-Technical Systems and Equipment 2357-13 / 91) or EAL equivalent.

In the following task match each unit with its measured unit

Unit

Current 6 x 106

Voltage 400x103

Measured Unit

3000A

250000Ω

Resistance 500 x 106

6kW

Current 3x 103

500MΩ

Resistance 250 x 103

20MW

Power 60 x 102

400kV

Power 20 x 106

6µA

Voltage 1000 x 106

1000MV

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free

SPARKS I WI NTE R 2 0 2 1 I E XE RC IS E S

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ELECTRICAL TEST INSTRUMENTS Covering Unit 304 Outcome 10 (Level 3 Diploma in Electrical Installations, (Buildings & Structures) C&G 2365-03 and EAL equivalent.

Complete the following True or False questions relating to electrical test instruments and testing procedure.

TRUE OR FALSE?

The basic test instrument standard is given in BS EN 61557 Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1000V a.c. and 1500V d.c.

The test voltage requirement of an insulation resistance test instrument used on separated extra low voltage circuits is 500V d.c.

A low - resistance ohmmeter used to carry out continuity tests is recommended to have a no-load voltage between 4V and 24V, and a short-circuit current of not less than 250mA.

In a TT system the earth electrode resistance can be determined by, (a) using a dedicated earth electrode resistance test instrument or (b) using an earth loop impedance test instrument.

To determine Ze of an electrical installation an earth fault loop impedance test instrument is required and is connected at the furthest point in an electrical circuit between the line conductor and the neutral.

When testing industrial installations incorporating three-phase electric motor circuits there is a requirement to determine the phase sequence using a phase sequence test instrument.

The scale shown is known as an analogue scale.

When testing the operation of an RCD using an RCD test instrument, the test current should not be applied for more than 5 seconds.

TRUE

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SPARKS I WI NTE R 2 0 2 1 I E XE RC IS E S

FALSE

CIRCUIT PROTECTION Covering: Outcomes 2.1, 3.1, 3.4 of Unit 203; Level 2 (C&G 2365-02) Diploma in Electrical Installations (Buildings & Structures) or EAL equivalent. Outcome 4.1 of Unit 302; Outcomes 3.1, 3.2 of Unit 303; Outcomes 3, 4, 5 of Unit 304; Outcome 6 of Unit 305; Level 3 (C&G 2365-03) Diploma in Electrical Installations (Buildings & Structures) or EAL equivalent.

A protective device must relate to the characteristics of the circuit it is Q1 designed to protect and operate at suitable values of the following, except? a

Current

Voltage

Time

Temperature

A single – pole fuse, switch or circuitQ2 breaker must be connected in which one of the following conductors? a

Protective

Line

Neutral

Reference

The definition of an ‘overload current’ is which one of the following?

Overcurrent in an electrically sound circuit

Overcurrent in a circuit with an earth fault

Electric motor starting current

Overcurrent due to a short - circuit

A protective device identified as Type D Q4 generally refers to which of the following devices? a

Semi-enclosed fuses

High rupturing capacity fuses

Circuit - breakers

Cartridge fuses

Ans.

A protective device designed to protect Q5 against overload can be omitted in all of the following situations, except? a

A circuit supplying a domestic refrigerator

A circuit supplying fire extinguishing devices

A circuit supplying medical equipment used for life support

A circuit supplying a lifting electro-magnet

Ans.

Ans. The disconnection time for a circuit protective device can be calculated Q6 using the following information. Which item of information is not required in the calculation?

Ans.

The circuit disconnection time requirement

Voltage rating of the supply

The fault current causing operation of the device

The cross-sectional-area of the circuit cable

The actual current rating of a protective device indicates

The operating current of the device

The load current of the device

The current rating of the load protected

The sustained current the device can carry

Ans.

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E X E RC I SE S I WI NTE R 2021 I SPA RKS

TEST INSTRUMENTS & PRACTICES Covering: Level 2 (2365-02) Diploma in Electrical Installations (Buildings & Structures) Unit 202, 203 and 204 Level 3 (2365-03) Diploma in Electrical Installations (Buildings & Structures) Unit 304 EAL equivalent.

Complete the following questions regarding electrical test instruments and test sequence:

Q1. List the test instruments that, during a re-inspection and test on an electrical installation, gave the following readings: a) 85MÎŠ Answer: ............................................................................................................................................................. b) 4kA

Answer: .............................................................................................................................................................

c) 20mS Answer: ............................................................................................................................................................. Q2.

State THREE safety checks to be carried out on an earth fault loop impedance tester and leads prior to conducting a test on a lighting circuit.

1) Answer: ............................................................................................................................................................................ 2) Answer: ............................................................................................................................................................................ 3) Answer: ............................................................................................................................................................................ Q3.

State the test voltages required to carry-out insulation resistance testing on circuits operating at:

a) 40V

Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................

b) 230V Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................ c) 650V Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................ Q4.

What are the minimum tabulated acceptable values of insulation resistance for EACH of the following circuits?

a) SELV Answer: ................................................................................................................................................................ b) LV circuit up to 500V Answer: ................................................................................................................................... c) LV circuit over 500V Q5.

Answer: ...................................................................................................................................

An Approved Voltage Tester must comply with HSE GS38. State three requirements; regarding the test leads for this standard of test instrument.

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SPARKS I WI NTE R 2 0 2 1 I E XE RC IS E S

WORDSEARCH: SMART HOMES & SYSTEMS The following words all relate to ‘smart’ homes and systems. Words can be left to right or top to bottom of the grid.

M M

Automation Sensor Heat pump Security Network Data Meter

Alarm Passive infra-red Timer Bluetooth Actuator Controller

WIFI Smart Panel Solar Ground-source Green

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While many electricians and electrical engineers are fully qualified and do a great job, there are still some cowboys out there who do shocking work (sometimes literally!) and the results can be disastrous. In association with Crap Electrical UK, we bring you our regular gallery of horrors, showcasing weird wiring, ludicrous lighting and shoddy sockets.

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A big thank you to the members of Crap Electrical UK for supplying us with so many great photos. The Facebook group, which has around 7,500 members, is run by Charles Billington, Simon Allen, Lewis Boddington, Dave Spencer, Jake Simmons, Samuel Miles and Lee Quince. If youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve come across a dodgy installation, send your pictures to us and they could be featured on this page!

You can email us at editor@sng-publishing.co.uk.

H A L L OF SH A M E I WI NTE R 2021 I SPA RKS

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