AUTUMN 2022 THE ONLY MAGAZINE FOR STUDENT & APPRENTICE ELECTRICIANS #SPARKSLOY23 #SPARKSFSC23 ACADEMICTOWELCOMETHENEWYEAR OFLEARNER2023THEYEAR
WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK < 2022 AUTUMN | 01 DISCLAIMER SPARKS Magazine is published by SNG Publishing Ltd (SNG). All content and artwork is © SNG Publishing Ltd or its contributors and SNG is a trade mark of SNG Publishing Ltd. No part of SPARKS Magazine may be copied, transmitted or published in any form or by any means without prior permission. Although SNG has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of this publication, it does not verify any claims or other information appearing in the advertisements contained in SPARKS Magazine. It therefore cannot accept any responsibility whatsoever for consequences that may arise from the content or artwork contained in SPARKS Magazine, including any errors or omissions or any opinions or advice given therein. This publication and its content is not a substitute for professional advice on a particular matter. Advertisements are accepted for publication in SPARKS Magazine only upon SNG Publishing Ltd standard terms of advertising. CONTENTS 34 SEARCH FOR SPARKS MAGAZINE FEATURES 01 Editor’s Note 03 Digital Column 04 SPARKS Learner of the Year 2023 07 NAPIT’s Top Tips 08 Female Skills Competition 2023 10 What Tools? 12 Quiz: Hand Tools 14 Test Your Knowledge: Terminals & Connectors 20 Keeping Up With Tech with Schneider Electric 21 Resilience: Dyslexia 23 WIN! BOSCH Competition 24 Quiz: On-Site Guide 26 Earth Leakage Q&A with Megger 28 Test Your Knowledge: Circuit Protection 33 Glossary of Electrical Terms 34 EV Chargers with BG SyncEV 36 AM2S Are You Ready? with NET 38 Test Your Knowledge: Health & Safety 44 Finding An Apprenticeship 46 Epic Fail 46 MANAGING EDITOR: CELIA MATTHEWS celia.matthews@sng-publishing.co.uk SENIOR GRAPHIC DESIGNER: LEE OWEN design@sng-publishing.co.uk BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT MANAGER: PATRICK BLORE patrick.blore@sng-publishing.co.uk OPERATIONS MANAGER: EMILY HILTON emily.hilton@sng-publishing.co.uk MANAGING DIRECTOR: ZOË TANNER zoe.tanner@sng-publishing.co.uk TECHNICAL CONTRIBUTORS: Alan Redford, NAPIT Steven Devine, The IET Wayne Timmins, Lincoln College Mike Davies, Training Consultant Lewis Blakemore, Wigan & Leigh College PRINTERS: Deltor Communications, England 04 OFLEARNER2023THEYEAR 08
EDITOR’SNOTE
elcome to the new academic year! While you may be hesitant to say goodbye to the summer, your best days lay ahead, and SPARKS Magazine will be your study companion as you journey towards your exciting career in the world of electrics.
Catch up with us and other students on Social Media - if you fancy being in with a chance to win some free tools, enter our Learner of the Term (#SPARKSLOT) photographic competition. You may want to enter the Learner of the Year competition too - these are fantastic opportunities to showcase your skills, build confidence and stand out from the crowd (#SPARKSLOY23).
Here’s to a great start to the term!
W Matthews Editor
Celia
Hey!
WELCOME | SPARKS GENERAL ENQUIRIES To subscribe to SPARKS Magazine call 0121 779 0888 or subscribe online at www.sparks-magazine.co.uk © SNG Publishing Ltd, 2022 14
In the pages to follow you’ll find handy revision exercises, the best social media accounts to follow, tips and tricks of the trade and our ever popular ‘Epic Fail’!
DESIGNED BY INSTALLERS, FOR INSTALLERS
Check out our social media and give us a follow. You can showcase your own work, see what others are doing and get awesome tips, tricks and news from across the industry. SEARCH FOR SPARKS MAGAZINE COLUMNDIGITAL mediaocial is a network,waygreatto but it’s also a fantastic way to learn the tips and tricks of the trade. We encourage you to follow and interact with electricians who have been in the game for some time. Here are our top ten picks to get you started. S TOP TEN 1. @sparkymilan 2. @amythesparky 3. @residualcurrent 4. @bristolsparky 5. @kimmythesparks 6. @artisanelectrics 7. @n_bundy_electrical 8. @oldschool.tech 9. @the_female_sparky 10. @mcb_electrics WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK < 2022 AUTUMN | 03 DIGITAL COLUMN | SPARKS
APPLICATIONS FROMOPEN NOV-SEPT SUPPORTEDBY INDUSTRYTHE DESIGNED TOINDUSTRY STANDARDS 2023LEARNER YEARTHEOF HAVE GOTYOU ITWHATCOMPETITIONNATIONAL
MAGAZINESPARKSFORSEARCH FANTASTICPRIZES WONBETO TAKES?ITWHAT # SPARKSLOY23 HERESCAN MOREOUTFINDTO
At the end of your apprenticeship you’ll need to complete the AM2 or AM2S Assessment before you can become fully qualified.
WHAT IS THIS?
It’s an in-depth assessment where you have to carry out specific tasks to show what you have learned during your apprenticeship.
BE PREPARED!
Ask your training provider about the AM2 or AM2S Checklist or find out more at www.netservices.org.uk/candidate-guidance
NET has a Self-Assessment Checklist so you can look at exactly what you need to do and make sure you have gained the right knowledge and practical experience. The AM2/AM2S is the pinnacle of everything you’ve learnt during your apprenticeship. So why not be proud of your skills and training and make it your mission to pass first time?
ON TOP OF YOUR GAME
PRACTICE WIRING CIRCUITS
The installation often involves the wiring and connection of various circuits in various cable types. Some of these may be in conduit and could involve numerous brown cores at each position, so your cable marking system needs to be efficient. PRACTICE THE CENTRE OF THE BUBBLE! Trunking, conduit and accessories that are usually ‘ok’ within the bubble, will be required to be in the centre of the bubble. Conduit bends and bubble sets need to be practised. A normally acceptable job could cost you crucial marks in a national competition. 213 luck!Good OFLEARNER2023THEYEAR
LOY 2023 | SPARKS WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK < 2022 AUTUMN | 07 “A NORMALLY ACCEPTABLE JOB COULD COST YOU CRUCIAL MARKS IN A NATIONAL COMPETITION” SCANME! TO VIEW OUR LOY PAGE Check out these handy competition top tips from SPARKS LOY Judge, Alan Redford from NAPIT. TOPCOMPETITIONTIPS T he Sparks Learner Of The Year Competition is an electrical skills competition. Whilst the layout and specification of the competition for both regional and final heats change every year, the basic skills required are always the same. TOP TIP PRACTICE MAKES PERMANENT! PRACTICE ACCURATE MEASUREMENTS Anybody can clip a length of twin and earth and make it look okay, until you get someone following you with a tape measure! You need to make sure your measurements are spot on, including both vertical and horizontal alignments of clips. Make sure your datum lines are accurate because every other measurement relies on them.
D
We are on a mission to get the best people into the industry regardless of gender!
THE GRAND FINAL
“Competitions are a great way to boost your confidence. You won’t know how good you really are until you put your skills to the test. If you get the chance to enter a competition, do it! You’ve got nothing to lose and everything to gain!”
The top three from each regional heat will go on to compete in the grand final, taking place at:
Check out the following female electricians on Insta for some inspo!! @volts.tats.and.hardhats@the_female_sparky@ladyelecko@princesssparkanglesey19@the_female_spark@summ.sparkette@kellyelectrics@the.daughter_@kimmythesparks@amythesparky
We’re thrilled to announce that brand new for 2023, we are launching the SPARKS Female Skills Competition, and it’s coming to a location near you!
NORTH - 2nd March
SOUTH - 28th February
BRIDGING THE GENDER GAP
Loughborough College 30th March 2023
NOT SURE IF ‘ELECTRICS’ IS FOR YOU?
WHEN?
SPARKS FEMALE SKILLS COMPETITION
During February and March we’ll be hosting two regional competitions in search of the best up-and-coming female industry talent. Level 2 and 3 female electrical learners of all ages, from colleges nationwide will compete in a live practical installation for the chance to win a place to go through to the grand final.
08 | AUTUMN 2022 > WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK SPARKS | SPARKS FEMALE TRADE SKILLS COMPETITION
“THE NEW COMPETITION SUPPORTING THE FUTURE OF THE INDUSTRY”
Amy the Sparky
id you know? According to the Office of National Statistics, as little as 1% of the UK construction industry are currently female! That represents a 0.7% increase during the last decade.
FEMALE SKILLS COMPETITION SUPPORTED BY THE STANDARDSTODESIGNEDINDUSTRYINDUSTRY SHOW US YOURSCANFANTASTICSKILLSPRIZESTOBEWONHERETOFINDOUTMORE HEADLINE SPONSOR 2023 BRAND NEW FOR APPLICATIONS2023!OPENFROMSEPT-NOV SEARCH FOR SPARKS MAGAZINE
SPARKS | WHAT TOOLS? 10 | AUTUMN 2022 > WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK WHAT TOOLS? WHATTOOLS? especiallytricky,becanonmoneyyourspendtotoolswhatonDeciding torecommendations,theseoutChecktrade.thetonewyou’rewhen started.getyouhelp TOOLRE-THREADINGCK WebbDanny threadsboxbackoften“Quite hearyouWhendamaged.get backscrewingonsqueakthe thedamagedyou'veknowyou back.gowon'titandthread andpushSimplypanic!Don’t tolugtheintotoolthisturn re-thenthread,newacreate done!”Jobscrew. MULTI-TOOL Barratt-SinghAmy drillSDSstandardyour“After multi-toolthedriverimpactand toolpowerusefulmosttheis aareThereelectricians.for butavailablebladesofvariety cuttingformostlymineuseI plasterboardandfloorboards itusingofweekaAfterwalls. survivedI’dhowwonderedI long!”soforonewithout WRENCHPLIERKNIPEX BoyesMicheal aiswrenchplierKnipex“The opinion.myintoolmust-have twobuyingrecommendI’d forIdeal300mm.inpairs forglandscableterminating nolikes,theandSYSWA, surfaceglandtheoffslipping body.glandthedamagingor tools!”favouritemyofOne TESTERVOLTAGE PaigeMike aniselectricianan“Being butjobrewardingextremely danger,fromfarneveryou're foressentialistestervoltagea beforedeadcircuitsproving beyou'llthem,onworking agetsoalottheseonrelying trust!"canyoubrand21 34 67
WHAT TOOLS? | SPARKS HAMMERPEEN ShawDarren crosssmallacarryalways“I Iandmewithhammerpeen Greattime.theof90%thatuse bushesclipping,outs,knockfor youweighdoesn’tandetc sideitsonusedbecanItdown. toeasyisspots,tightreallyin youcostshouldn’tandcontrol £6!”or£5thanmoreany PLIERSNOSELONG recommendedalways“I’ve They’repliers.noselong littletightthoseinunder-rated, fingersyourwhenspaces, agettoreachquitewon’t noselongthecable,aongrip oftopAlwaysday.thesaves me.”forbagthe TESTERSOCKET astestersocketthelove“I faultsuppickquicklycanit andinvestigationfurtherfor havesocketswhichindicate tohavingwithoutpower anything.”dismantle65 7 1 4 5 2 3 TIPTOP toolsyourafterLook willtoolsyourand Alwaysyou!afterlook fortoolrighttheuse screwdriverAjob.the Makechisel!anotis theprioritiseyousure need‘really’youtools spendingbefore cash!ofloads
HAND TOOLS AND FILES
Complete the following questions.
SPARKS | QUIZ: HAND TOOLS 12 | AUTUMN 2022 > WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK Apart from the generally accepted hand-tools such and pliers, screwdrivers and stripping knife, etc… an electrician will also need a hammer, hacksaw, engineers square, marker and a range of files. The following tasks refer to files, the various types available and the care needed to ensure they last you a long time. TASK 1 Identify each of the following files. TASK 2 By using two examples describe the purpose of a file. Answer 1: Answer 2: Answers:
Answer 1: Answer 2: Answer 2: TASK 4 Give
free.
Suggest three safety observations that should be adopted when using hand - files. 1: 2: 3: Label the following diagram of a flat file. to for
sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers
Answer 1: Answer 2:
Answer
3 Identify
QUIZ: HAND TOOLS | SPARKS WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK < 2022 AUTUMN | 13
5 Sometimes
TASK three different surface finishes of flat files. two ways in which a file could be damaged.
TASK 7
Answer
Go
TASK the teeth of a file become clogged with metal particles, (swarf); briefly explain how a file can be cleaned and any precautions that must be taken in this procedure.
TASKAnswer:6
Answer
W
What is the correct way to terminate conductors? Here, Steven Devine from the IET Wiring Regulations, offers some guidance.
A common misunderstanding with twist type connectors is that you need to twist the conductors before screwing on the connector. This is actually not the way that they are designed to be used. For solid core conductors you simply insert the cores and begin to twist the connector and if done correctly you should be left with a nice tight connection.
KNOWLEDGEYOURTEST CONNECTORS&TERMINALS SPARKS | TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: TERMINALS & CONNECTORS 14 | AUTUMN 2022 > WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK
This was the connector of choice from the 1950s right up to the mid-2000s. When using this type of connector it is absolutely essential that you pick the correct size block for the CSA of the conductors you are terminating. If you are terminating two or more stranded cables, there is no harm in twisting the cores together as this will help to gain better purchase on the conductors. If using solid core cable you should really try to avoid twisting the cores together as this can weaken the conductor and potentially result in a loose connection if the conductor was to eventually break.
PUSH, TWIST, FOLD OR CRIMP?
CHOC BLOCKS
TWIST
hen terminationconductorspreparingfordo you
twist, fold or just stick it in and hope for the best? The truth is that all can be effective depending on the type of conductor and termination.
CRIMPS
Crimps serve as a great solution for non-maintained points of connection and for control systems and are more commonly used for terminating larger conductors to bus bars in large distribution panels and earthing bars. When crimping, it is extremely important to use the correct crimp for the conductor type and equally important to use the correct crimping tool for the type of crimp. Incorrect use can lead to overheating and melting of the crimp.
TORQUE
DID YOU KNOW?
So, whether you push, twist, fold, tin, crimp or whatever other method you can think of, you need to make sure that the connection is mechanically sound and in accordance with any manufacturer’s guidance so that you will achieve good continuity from the connection.
Something that is very important to keep in mind when making any kind of screw termination is that there will be specified torque settings that must be used when making any of these terminations. One common misunderstanding is that the torque settings are to ensure that the screws are tight enough. However, in many applications it is to ensure that the terminals are not overtightened and damaged.
The process of ‘tinning’ is when stranded cores have solder applied which results in a more rigid core that can be more easily terminated.
FEATURE: DRINKING WATER TREATMENT | HIP WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK < 2022 AUTUMN | 15 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: TERMINALS & CONNECTORS | SPARKS
For more information visit: www.theiet.org
ALWAYS REMEMBER TO WEAR THE CORRECT PPE SAFETY EQUIPMENT
CONCLUSION
Probably one of the best things to happen to the electrical industry for decades. These types of connectors are so quick and easy to use that they can save you hours and hours of time on a job. They are also very well designed for their purpose, so little, if any preparation, is required for the conductor before using the connector. They are however designed to be used with a fairly specific cable type so make sure you read the manufacturer’s guidance.
“IT IS ESSENTIAL FOR ALL ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS TO HAVE CIRCUIT PROTECTION”
PUSH-FIT AND LEVER
Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free. ELECTRICAL TERMINATIONS The following exercise concerns cable termination methods for earthing conductors. SPARKS | TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: TERMINALS & CONNECTORS 16 | AUTUMN 2022 > WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK In each case examine the image and decide if the method of termination or preparation for termination is correct or not. Q1 This is a correct termination? Yes or Reason:No: Q2 This is a correct method of termination? Yes or Reason:No: Q3 The protective bonding conductor is correctly terminated at each clamp? Yes or Reason:No:
Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free. FEATURE: DRINKING WATER TREATMENT | HIP WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK < 2022 AUTUMN | 17 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: TERMINALS & CONNECTORS | SPARKS Q4 This is an example of terminating a protective bonding conductor to a mains gas and water service. Is it correct? Yes or Reason:No: Q5 Each cable has a crimped lug fitted and shows an example of correct termination. Is this correct? Yes or Reason:No: Q6 Both cable ends have been prepared for termination to a pillar type terminal secured using nut and washers. Are these correct? A. Yes or No: B. Yes or No: A. Reason: B. Reason:Covering: Unit 204 Terminate wiring systems (Level 2 2365-02 Diploma in Electrical Installations Buildings & Structures and the EAL equivalent. Covering: Unit 305 ‘Electrical System Design’ (Level 3 2365-03 Diploma in Electrical Installations Buildings & Structures and the EAL equivalent. DID YOU KNOW? BS951 clamps are used for connecting main and supplementary bonding conductors to metallic pipes such as gas and water services. A B
for
Case study 1:
18 | AUTUMN 2022 > WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK SPARKS | TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: TERMINALS & CONNECTORS CABLE SELECTION
Question:
A single-phase 230V, 12kW pottery kiln is installed in a workshop / studio. The kiln is 20m from the main supply distribution board and can be isolated from the 80A isolator. The main switch-fuse contains BS88-2 HRC fuses.
can be worked on in pairs. You will need access
The ambient temperature is not expected to rise to more than 35°c
The circuit is to be wired in PVC SWA clipped direct to the studio wall throughout its length.
The following two case studies to BS7671:2018, this
70ºc multicore armoured cable clipped direct Determine the rating of a suitable PVC SWA cable to supply this load. system
PVC, thermo-plastic
E 12 PotterykW Kiln IbIn CgCaCiCf Table CableCurrentColumnNoratingsize Table VoltageColumnNodrop Cable installation reference method Total rating factor: Current Carrying Capacity of cable required: (It) C = It = In It = = Actual Voltage drop = mV/A/M x Ib x Length of circuit (L) (AVD) 1000 = Factor Table (BS7671)Reference c =
Final circuit requirements can be summarised as shown below:
exercise.
CableAnswer:size Voltage drop 20mAmbient temperature 35°c 230vUo Public1-phsupply BS88-2
DRINKING WATER TREATMENT | HIPTEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: TERMINALS & CONNECTORS | SPARKS Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free.
Case study 2:
The new circuit is to be wired in 70°C thermoplastic insulated single copper cables utilising an existing steel trunking containing six other circuits. A new galvanised steel conduit is to be terminated into the trunking at the motor location – no other circuits will pass through the conduit other than the motor circuit.
Question: Determine the size of a suitable cable to supply this new pump motor
Table CableCurrentColumnNoratingsize Table VoltageColumnNodrop Cable installation reference method Total rating factor: Current Carrying Capacity of cable required: (It) C = Ca x Cg x Ci x Cf It = In It = = Actual Voltage drop = mV/A/M x Ib x Length of circuit (L) (AVD) 1000 = IbIn CgCaCiCf FactorNow complete the stages of cable selection: Table (BS7671)Reference c 45m Existing steel trunking with 6 circuits Pvc single cables 70°C thermoplastic Distribution board 3-phase 400V Type D circuit breaker StarterIsolator
Motor Rated pf 0.75 Cable size Voltage drop Motor current rating: IL = √3 x UL x pf IL = IL = P
WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK < 2022 AUTUMN | 19
A 3-phase 400V 25kW 0.75pf induction motor is to be installed to drive a water pump. The motor and its control panel is 45m from a distribution board located in a switch-room. The motor control panel including isolator is located alongside the motor / pump assembly.
FEATURE:
A three-phase Type D circuit breaker is to be installed at the distribution board.
Answer:
Summarise the new circuit requirements using a drawing.
25kW
the
hose entering the trade, well as already in understanding of latest solutions modern home to
TOP TIP
T
CUSTOMERS
ARE INCREASINGLY AWARE OF THE LATEST PRODUCTS, SO MAKE SURE YOU KEEP UP-TO-DATE WITH NEW INNOVATIONS.
and what encapsulates the
to prepare them for the future. Those electricians that are able to understand and successfully implement new products and technology will reap the benefits. Schneider is here to help and support those new
it, must have an
Working with the right product can majorly improve efficiency for you, as an electrician, ultimately giving you an edge in this competitive market. For example, working with consumer units such as Easy9 Compact which offers flexible wiring options allows you to deliver circuit protection in any new build or retrofit project with minimal intrusion into living spaces. You can also be sure the solution will meet the specifications of the home, avoiding any returns, reorders, or delays.
20 | AUTUMN 2022 > WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK
A compact size, alongside a low-profile aesthetic, means that electrical installations don’t stand out. By offering bespoke solutions to customers, electrical contractors can transform businesses, saving them installation time, energy and
MEETING DEMANDSCUSTOMER
Customers are increasingly aware of the latest products and they expect these to be offered. Being aware of solutions means that you can fulfil the needs of your customers at the right cost. It also means electricians can lead the way in educating the customer on the vast benefits associated with certain products in the electrical industry.
as
the trade, on this exciting journey! The opportunities that technology presents to the electrical industry are vast, including: ■ Greater flexibility ■ More control ■ Ease of installation ■ Reliability ■ Fewer maintenance issues ■ Reduced running costs for customers.
YOUR ADVANTAGECOMPETITIVE
An electrician who is limited to only installing populated, off-theshelf boards may not meet the expectations of modern customers. Products need to be customisable, flexible, and meet the specific needs of the environment.
Formoney.more information www.se.com/uk/en/visit: SPARKS | KEEPING UP WITH TECH “SCHNEIDER IS HERE TO HELP AND SUPPORT THOSE NEW TO THE TRADE, ON THIS EXCITING JOURNEY!” KEEPING UP WITH TECH With ever-evolving product designs and new technologies being regularly introduced into the industry, it’s critical for electricians to keep up.
those
job.
When did you realise you were dyslexic?
A
Q What tips can you offer to someone struggling with dyslexia? A I’ve learnt a number of brilliant techniques that have been a massive help. Here are five of my top tips:
Q
*Source: British Dyslexia Association 2020 3 DIARY AND TIMETABLE: Make your diary your best friend and write down everything that you’ve done, job by job. Put your printing on blue tinted paper, or grab a pair of tinted glasses (look up glasses’). 5 FINALLY, ASK FOR HELP!: There are lots of resources that can help you, including 1-1 tutorials or extra time in exams, for example, so make sure you ask for help. @princesssparkanglesey19
“USE MARKSTICKYCOLOUREDTABSTOEACHSECTION”
Unfortunately not. In fact my head mistress told me that because I had dyslexia I wouldn’t be able to go to University. Well, a few years on and I was accepted at one of the top Universities in Wales!
It’s estimated that around 10% of the UK population are dyslexic. That’s more than 6.3 million* people in the UK! So if that’s you, you’re not alone!
WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK < 2022 AUTUMN | 21 RESILIENCE: DYSLEXIA | SPARKS
Did you receive any support at school?
A Oh, lots of Rememberingthings!information
has been hard and I’m no good with numbers! I only passed one exam to begin with. I really struggled. It would have been easy to give up but how would that have helped me? I knew I had to make a choice, either face it head on or give up. I passed my AM2 with 96.7%! So, it is possible.
What have you found most difficult?
1 NOTEBOOKS PENS:HIGHLIGHTER&
Grab yourself a selection of notebooks for different things that you are working on, keep them next to you and jot things down while you’re in class or on a Then go over your notes with different highlighter pens to separate different things you are writing or reading, this will help you learn more easily. Highlight calculations and important things you’ll need to remember for the exams.
Suzy Blakeley-Monk, a successfully qualified electrician, shares her experience and offers her top tips.
DYSLEXIA TIPS FOR LEARNERS
I first realised I was dyslexic when I was 7 years old.
Dyslexia is a learning difficulty that primarily affects reading and writing skills. It can also affect how information is processed, organisation skills and retaining information.
Q
Q
A
Get your copy of the Student’s Guide to the IET Wiring Regulations, available to buy from the IET Bookshop today! theiet.org/elec-students to find out more
The Institution of
Books for students, such as the Student’s Guide to the IET Wiring Regulations
From informative articles on different ways into industry and the most relevant qualifications, to videos designed to help de-mystify certain areas of the IET Wiring Regulations, our website is full of useful resources for electrical students, including:
Visit
Find out how the IET can help
– Wiring Matters magazine articles to help you with your studies
Studying for a career in the electrical industry?
The Student’s Guide video series including topics such as Safe Isolation and Risk Assessment
– A job profile bank detailing some of the many different career options available to you when you qualify
As co-publisher of the IET Wiring Regulations, now updated to BS 7671:2018+A2:2022, we have lots of information and guidance available to help you get into the electrical industry.
The Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) is registered as a Charity in England and Wales (No. 211014) and Scotland (No. SC038698). Engineering and Technology, Futures Place, Kings Way, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2UA, United Kingdom.
• Easy handling with dual-activation – simply push the tool or press a button to turn it on
• USB charging interface – charge as easily as you charge your smartphone!
• Ergonomic design to help prevent blistering on your hands from repetitive use
The GO 2.0 is ideal for electrical installation, home appliance maintenance, assembly tasks and electronic goods repairs – basically, anything with a Handyscrew!features include:
Minimum effort, maximum efficiency.
• 5 torque settings, plus a maximum performance mode with a manual clutch that allows for precision control and power, depending on the task at hand
The GO 2.0 is one of Bosch Professional’s newest Power Tools and is an essential part of any electrician’s kit. Offering power and control superior to any manual screwdriver, the GO 2.0 –upgraded from the GO first generation cordless screwdriver – will help you get more work done in less time, with minimal effort!
This great giveaway comes complete with a mini L-BOXX carry case, a USB charging cable with a plug adaptor and a 26-piece accessory kit to take on multiple tasks.
BOSCH COMPETITIONABOSCHSCREWDRIVERGOWIN
The promoter of this competition is Robert Bosch Limited, a company incorporated in Scotland with company number SC013418, whose registered office address is c/o Bosch Rexroth, Viewfield Industrial Estate, Glenrothes, KY6 2RD, United Kingdom. Participants must be aged 18 or over and resident in the United Kingdom.
To be in with a chance of winning this tool, simply send an email to: admin@sng-publishing.co.uk and put ‘Bosch GO’ as the email title. We’ll pick 5 lucky winners at random and notify them via email by 9th December 2022. Good luck! For terms & conditions, head www.sparks-magazine.co.uk/termsto:
How to enter…
• Innovative electronic brake – this stops the tool immediately after use, preventing overtightening and any damage to screws
Are you still using a manual screwdriver? If so then it’s time to upgrade your toolkit with the new Bosch GO Electric Screwdriver!
wiring
Answer:
accessible position Table D1 page 156
Where would you find information concerning clip spacings for 2.5mm2 flat cable?
Q3Answer:
Where would you find information regarding the rated short-circuit capacities of circuit-breakers?
24 | AUTUMN 2022 > WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK SPARKS | ON-SITE GUIDE How well do you know the On-Site Guide BS 7671:2018+A2:2022? GUIDEON-SITE REVISION WAYNEPROVIDEDGUIDEBYTIMMINS Electrical Lecturer at Lincoln College Test your knowledge by filling in the answers to these questions. We have answered the first three questions for you. Q1 Where would you find a list of the building regulations applicable to England? Q2Answer:
What table would you use to determine the factor for 100 x100mm trunking?
Where would I find information on the use and application of armoured cables?
Q4Answer:
Q5Answer:
Building regulations 1.2 page 14
Spacings of supports for cables in
Applications of cables for fixed Table C1 page 148
What table stipulates the minimum bend radius of cables?
Where is the information you need to decide on the spacing of supports for conduits?
What table would you use to help you calculate diversity on a cooker circuit?
Q6 Where would you look for information on surge protective devices?
Q13 Where would you find the information on an IP rating of IPXXB?
Where would you find information on the number of non-fused spurs connected to a final circuit?
Answer:
Q11Answer:
WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK < 2022 AUTUMN | 25 ON-SITE GUIDE | SPARKS
Q14Answer:
Q15Answer:
Q17Answer:
Q7Answer:
Q9Answer:
Which table would provide you information about supports for cable trunking?
Which table would you use to find out the cable factor of 8 2.5mm2 stranded cables in a 2m straight run of conduit?
Answer:
Which table would you use to find the factor for cables grouped closely together?
Where would you find material on the subject of supporting cables to prevent the premature collapse in the event of a fire?
Which table will provide you with a rating factor for the ambient air temperature?
Q18Answer:
Where would you find the maximum length of a circuit using flat PVC cable?
Q10Answer:
Q8Answer:
Q16Answer:
Which table would provide you with information on an installation reference method for cables clipped direct?
Q12Answer:
Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free.
For more information about Megger, visit: www.megger.co.uk
1: Unintentional earth leakage which usually results from faulty insulation or equipment, or
A: Earth leakage current is an electrical current in equipment or an installation that finds its way to earth.
DON'T FORGET!
A: You will need an earth leakage clamp meter, such as the Megger DCM305E. Clamp this around the line and neutral conductors together (but NOT the protective conductor!). You can then measure the current imbalance, indicating the presence of earth leakage current.
A: This is when an RCD or RCBO keeps tripping for no apparent reason.
Q: How can this be tackled?
“EARTH LEAKAGE CURRENT IS AN ELECTRICAL CURRENT IN EQUIPMENT OR AN INSTALLATION THAT FINDS ITS WAY TO EARTH”DID YOU KNOW?
The RCD or RCBO could be faulty. To check, carry out an RCD ramp test. If it’s a 30 mA device (the most common rating) it should trip somewhere between 15 and 30 mA. If it trips at a lower current, you’ll need to investigate further.
Q: What is earth leakage?
26 | AUTUMN 2022 > WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK SPARKS | EARTH LEAKAGE Q&A
Q&ALEAKAGEEARTH
THERE ARE TWO CATEGORIES:
2: Intentional earth leakage, which is the unavoidable leakage current as a consequence of the way equipment is designed, e.g. input mains filters on electrical appliances.
A: They monitor the current in the line and neutral conductors. Any small difference, or imbalance, can be detected and if the difference exceeds anything from 50% of the mA rating of the RCD or RCBO (depending on its sensitivity), it will trip and disconnect the supply.
Q: What are the best protective A:devices? Either RCDs (residual current devices) or RCBOs (residual current circuit breakers with overcurrent protection).
Q: What is “nuisance tripping”?
Peter Wade from Megger, answers some of the most commonly asked questions about earth leakage.
Q: How do they work?
“Intentional” earth leakage is a consequence of the way equipment is designed.
EARTH FAULTS
Put simply, circuit protective devices are the weakest link within an electrical circuit. The idea is that this link will break in the event of a fault on that circuit. The term ‘fault’ covers a multitude of possibilities - a short circuit, high temperature, or excessive current flow.
Overcurrent conditions are the result of overloads or short circuits. Overloads are when a faulty item, or too many items are connected to a circuit. A short circuit happens when line conductors have contact with exposed conductive parts, or other conductors in the circuit with negligible impedance. This can happen when the circuit is not connected properly or if the cable’s insulation has become damaged. Overcurrent protection is achieved via Fuses, MCBs or RCBOs.
Earth faults are very similar to short circuit faults. They happen when line conductors come in contact with earth conductors, or with exposed or extraneous conductive parts. Whilst earth fault protection can be achieved via Fuses and MCBs, additional protection is also provided via RCDs and RCBOs. This additional protection means circuits do not require high levels of fault current to flow for the protective device to operate.
WHY DO WE NEED THEM?
BS7671 requires all installations to be equipped with circuit protective devices to protect against damage to property, or injury to people and livestock.
KNOWLEDGEYOURTEST PROTECTIONCIRCUIT
REVISION GUIDE BY LEWIS BLAKEMORE Electrical Lecturer at Wigan & Leigh College
Under fault conditions, a high fault current may flow, or high temperatures be created. Circuit protective devices ensure that this high current does not continue to flow; not only protecting the circuit conductors, but also making sure no consumers sustain an injury or death by electric shock. High temperatures resulting from a faulty circuit could cause damage to properties and endanger people and livestock with the risk of fire.
SPARKS | TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: CIRCUIT PROTECTION 28 | AUTUMN 2022 > WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK
TYPES OF OVERCURRENTPROTECTION
WHAT ARE THE DEVICES?
PROTECTIONCIRCUIT
WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK < 2022 AUTUMN | 29 1. What 2 principles do protective devices operate on? 2.Answer: What is the basic reason for installing protective devices? 3.Answer: What is it called when the fuse nearest a fault operates leaving other fuses intact? 4.Answer: What type of circuit-breaker would be selected for high inductive loads? QUICKAnswer: QUIZ Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free. “IT IS ESSENTIAL FOR ALL INSTALLATIONSELECTRICALTOHAVECIRCUITPROTECTION” CLASSROOM ACTIVITY The following classroom activity can be done in pairs or alone. By the end of this activity you will have good understanding of the following types of Protective Devices: Rewirable fuse (BS3036) Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs – BS60898) Cartridge fuse (BS1361 and BS1362) RCD and RCBO For each of the above types of Protective Devices, answer the following questions: A What it is? B Where it is used? C Why is it used? D Advantages and Disadvantages? E How is it installed? F Are any specialist tools required? G Give an example of where you would install these items. You can use the internet to research and to find appropriate images. Once completed, type up your report and submit your finished assignment to your tutor. Feedback will be given. ASSIGNMENT SCANME! TO CHECK OUT THIS YOUTUBE LECTURE FROM BIGBADTECH ON PROTECTIVE DEVICES
30 | AUTUMN 2022 > WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK SPARKS | TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: CIRCUIT PROTECTION CIRCUIT PROTECTION Answer the following short answer questions in pairs. You can refer to BS7671:2018 to help you answer the questions. Covering: Outcome 2 & 3 of Unit 304 (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing Electro-Technical Systems and Equipment 2357-13 / 91 or EAL equivalent. Q1 Identify two generic types of protective device used in an electric circuit. 1. Answer: 2. Answer: Q2 State three types of fuse found in some commercial electrical installations. 1. Answer: 2. Answer: 3. Answer: Q3 State the circumstances that may result in: 1. a circuit protective device operating instantaneously 2. a circuit protective device operating slowly 1. Answer: 2. Answer: Q4 What is the term used to describe the reason for a circuit protective device to operate in a live circuit? Answer: Q5 Suggest two reasons for an overload to occur in an electric circuit. 1. Answer: 2. Answer: Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free.
Answer:
Ib. Answer:
3. A three-phase distribution circuit supplying a 30kW, 400V 3-phase electric air-conditioning plant with a claimed power factor (pf) of 0.85 lagging, protected by Type-C circuit-breakers.
Q6 If a low resistance, e.g. 0.01Ω, exists between the live conductors of a three-phase 400V electrical circuit, what will the result be?
Q10 For each of the following electric circuits determine the load current (Ib) and then state the current rating (In) for a suitable circuit breaker to protect the circuit.
1. A 230V single-phase radial circuit supplying a 6kW electric heater protected by a Type–B circuit-breaker.
I2. Answer:
FEATURE: DRINKING
In. Answer:
WATER TREATMENT | HIP WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK < 2022 AUTUMN | 31
Symbols: (In); (Ib); (Iz) and (I2).
Answer:
2. A 400V 3-phase distribution circuit supplying an industrial pottery kiln rated at 25kW protected by a Type–B circuit–breaker.
Answer:
Q8 Identify the following symbols and state how they relate to the coordination between a circuit conductor and its overload protective device.
Answer:
Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise
Q7 State the difference between a residual current device (RCD), and a residual current circuit breaker (RCBO).
Answer:
Iz. Answer:
PROTECTION | SPARKS
Q9 A circuit-breaker designed to provide overload and short circuit protection in an electric pump motor circuit is found to intermittently operate. This occurs when the motor is started. Suggest the most likely cause of this fault.
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: CIRCUIT
Answer: answers for free.
In. Relationship: Ib. Relationship: Iz. Relationship: I2. Relationship:
The
An overcurrent protective device designed to open circuit in the event of an abnormally large current flowing in an electrical circuit or apparatus. abnormally large current can be as a result of an electrical fault or overload.
A.C. (ALTERNATING CURRENT) (DIRECT CURRENT)
Two rules developed by Sir John Fleming. rules are designed to assist in understanding of the relationship between motion, and magnetic flux in rules use the first and second fingers and thumb of each hand to represent magnetic flux, electric current and the resulting movement
The
FLEMING’S LEFT AND RIGHT HAND RULES
e.m.f.
The Left Hand Rule relates to electric motors and the Right hand Rule to electric generators
GLOSSARY OF TERMS | SPARKS WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK < 2022 AUTUMN | 33 The following is a small extract from the new Glossary of Electrical Terms to be introduced in the 2023 edition of the SPARKS Handbook.
FLUX A substance that can be added in order to assist fusion as in gas welding
B) A generic term used to express the ‘rate of flow’ or of a property such as ‘magnetic flux’, flux’ flux’
‘movement’
or ‘electric
CA DEB F
A) A conductor that can allow electric current to enter or leave a medium such as an electrolyte B) An element that collects or emits electrons as in a semiconductor device
ELECTRICITY
ELECTRIC
A)
FUSE
ELECTRODE
The flow of an electric current, first in one direction and then in the reverse direction for the type of crimp. Incorrect use can lead to overheating and melting of the crimp AMMETER An instrument used for the measurement of electric current AMPERE A unit of electrical current ANODE A positive electrode BATTERY A number of electrical storage cells arranged in series or parallel CELL A device for producing electric current by chemical action D.C.
OFGLOSSARYTERMS
The general term used to describe the effect of electric charge whether static or in motion
‘luminous
The flow of an electric current in one direction only DELTA A method of electrical circuit connection used in three – phase supply systems where the load is balanced and does not require a neutral connection DIAC A solid-state device that is designed, together with other types of solid state devices to produce a pulsed waveform
electric ThemachinesHand
the
POWER The rate of doing work, measured in Watts. Power in watts is the product of potential difference in volts and the current in amperes, so in formula: P = V x I or P = U x I
Sparks • Autumn 2022 issue • B2C (Pliers) • half-page advert 168x122.5mm JN_10663_ad_Sparks_168x122.5mm_04q-Aut2022_B2C_DR03_FINAL.indd 1 22/12/2021 14:55 Relocates up to 10 ways WISKA UK Ltd Unit 7, Hurling Way, St Columb Major Business Park St Columb Major, info@wiska.co.uk0120801208Cornwall,TR96SX816062816708 CUR RELOCATORUNITCONSUMER Our Solution for relocating your connections at home. terminalsSmaller Up to 4mm 32 A terminalsLarger Up to 16mm 74 A *Available in both WAGO push and lever terminals.
WHAT IS IT?
READY? “IF YOU DON’T FEEL READY… ASK FOR HELP TO WORK ON AREAS WHERE YOU HAVE CONCERNS” ReadinessAM2S for Assessment Checklist This maps out exactly the range of activities, skills and knowledge that you’ll be assessed on. Only sign this when you feel fully confident about all areas of the assessment. Pre-AssessmentAM2S Manual This goes into more detail about each section and lists common areas where people fail. ASK YOURSELF: Do I have the confidence in my ability to complete these tasks to a high standard? Do I have any additional training needs? For example, if you were out of action or furloughed during the pandemic. By signing the checklist, you are making a formal declaration that you feel completely prepared. If you don’t feel ready, or feel pressure to sign, speak to your tutor or employer and ask for help to work on areas where you have concerns.
‘drivingYOU
CHECK OUT NET’S ‘AMPED UP’ AND ‘INSPECTION & TESTING APPS’ TO HELP YOU PREPARE. Check out the free resources and videos on the NET www.netservices.org.uk/am2swebsite:
ARE
The
AM2S is an in-depth, 16-hour assessment where you have to carry out specific tasks in areas such as installation, fault-finding, safe isolation and inspection & It’stesting.likethe
TOP TIP
test’ of your apprenticeship where you put into practice everything you have learned during your Unfortunately,training.thenumber of apprentices who tell us after an unsuccessful assessment that they weren’t fully prepared, seems to AM2S
HOW DO I KNOW I’M READY? Carefully look over these two documents: SPARKS | AM2S ARE YOU READY? You will need to pass your AM2S in order to become fully qualified.
Although electrical work can be incredibly rewarding it can also be hazardous to those who lack health and safety knowledge.KNOWLEDGEYOURTEST SAFETY&HEALTH REVISION GUIDE BY MIKE DAVIES Electrical Lecturer and Training Consultant HEALTH AND SAFETY FIRST “MAKE SURE YOU KNOW YOUR HEALTH & SAFETY FOR YOUR EXAMS” T he following quiz has been provided by Mike Davies, who has been working in the industry since the 1970s. Test your health and safety knowledge and see how well you do at his quiz. Q1 The statutory Health & Safety at Work Act 1974 applies to which one of the following groups? Ans. A Employers only B Self- employed persons only C Maintenance staff in medical locations D Employers, employees and self-employed persons Q2 An employer does not have to provide an employee with which one of the following? Ans. A Hard hats on construction sites B Operatives hand tools for their specific trade C Suitable guards for angle grinders D Operatives eye protection Q3 The recommended maximum voltage to earth for hand-held electrical equipment used on a construction site is? Ans. A 400V B 230V C 110V D 55V SPARKS | TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: HEALTH AND SAFETY 38 | AUTUMN 2022 > WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK Covering: Unit 301 ‘Understand Health & Safety legislation, practices and procedures…’ (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing ElectroTechnical Systems and Equipment 2357-13 / 91 or EAL equivalent).
Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free. DID YOU KNOW ? COSHH stands for Control Of Substances Hazardous to Health Q4 On a construction site a prohibition sign indicates? Ans. A What must not be done B What must be done C Danger D Applicable general information Q9 PASMA is the lead body and authority for matters relating to which of the following? Ans. A Platforms B Step-ladders C Fixed scaffolding D Mobile access towers Q5 The Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 is classed as which type of document? Ans. A Guidance document B Statutory document C Non-statutory document D Guide to best practice Q8 Which of the following statements best describes the term ‘Hazard’? Ans. A Something with the ability to cause harm B Something likely to go wrong C An accident waiting to happen D A location where an accident will happen Q6 The letters SWL located on the side of lifting equipment represents which one of the following? Ans. A Safe working limit B Safe working level C Safe working load D Safe working lights Q10 The HSE inspector can issue which one of the following? Ans. A An improvement notice B Court summons C Press release in the event of a serious accident D On the spot fines Q7 The colours used in a fire exit sign are? Ans. A White on green B Green on white C Red on white D White on red FEATURE: DRINKING WATER TREATMENT | HIP WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK < 2022 AUTUMN | 39 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: HEALTH AND SAFETY | SPARKS
It’s time to test your knowledge of safety signs, something you’ll see a lot of on construction sites in particular. SAFETY SIGNS SPARKS | TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: HEALTH AND SAFETY 40 | AUTUMN 2022 > WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK must be worn protectorsaerosols your hands crossing741 852 9 Eye protection Wear ear Now washEye protection Wear ear Now washEyemustprotectionbeworn Wear protectorsearNoaerosols Now wash yourNohandscrossingNo Eyemustprotectionbeworn Wear protectorsearaerosols Now wash youraerosolshandscrossingEyeprotectionmustbeworn Wear protectorsearNoaerosols Now wash youraerosolshandscrossingNo laddersNo 1. 3. 2. 4. Name the four categories of safety signs: Label each safey sign illustrated below:
Try to find the following words, which are all related to health and safety. Answers can be diagonal, across and down. Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free. C E X T I N G U I S H E R E O C O R R O S I V E S P S N S G A P U N R C E H G F I O H A S A W A E G Q A G F T I H F B A E S D O U Z I S I T L L E C J I D G I A Q G T A I A S C G N A G P R C P A M F M T I L J L L M D A P M R T M O D O U A E E O L P R O I A S E V R S S N U S E E F N B I N E Y O R T S I Q D N G L A T S R E C O V E R Y I L E K S I R W A R N I N G R N N O I T C E P S N I S S T HAZARDOUSINSPECTIONINFORMATIONCORROSIVERECOVERYEXTINGUISHER RISKINJURYHASAWAGOGGLESLADDERS EQUIPMENTASBESTOSGLOVESLIFTINGCPR DERMATITISCOSHHACCIDENTHSEWARNINGPPE WORD HEALTHSEARCH:ANDSAFETY FEATURE: DRINKING WATER TREATMENT | HIPTEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: HEALTH AND SAFETY | SPARKS WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK < 2022 AUTUMN | 41
ANNUAL HANDBOOK ASK YOUR LECTURER FOR YOUR FREE COPY THIS JANUARY Your must-have student guide to support you through your electrical journey! BRANDDIGITALVERSIONWILLBEAVAILABLEONOURWEBSITENEW!FEATURING... NEWLY QUALIFIED INSTALLER
SPARKS | FINDING AN APPRENTICESHIP 44 | AUTUMN 2022 > WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK “BY THE END OF YOURKNOWLEDGEHAVEAPPRENTICESHIP,ANYOU'LLTHERIGHTSKILLSANDNEEDEDFORCHOSENCAREER” This quick guide has been provided by Katy Dorman, Apprenticeship Strategy Manager at Apprenticeships Norfolk. LOOKING FOR APPRENTICESHIP?AN WHAT’S AN APPRENTICESHIP? “An apprenticeship is a real job where you learn, gain experience and get paid. You’re an employee with a contract of employment and holiday leave. By the end of an apprenticeship, you'll have the right skills and knowledge needed for your chosen career.” Source: Apprenticeships, HM Government TOP TIP BEFORE SENDING OFF YOUR JOB APPLICATION, MAKE SURE YOU SPELL CHECK IT!
DID YOU KNOW? OF APPRENTICES SAID THEIR ABILITY TO DO THE JOB HAD IMPROVED 89% OF APPRENTICES HAD BEEN PROMOTED AND 90% HAD RECEIVED A PAY RISE SINCE COMPLETING APPRENTICESHIPTHEIR 89% OF SAIDAPPRENTICESTHEIRCAREERPROSPECTSHADIMPROVED 89% OF FELTAPPRENTICESMORESECUREINTHEIRJOB 90%SCANME! TO FIND YOUR APPRENTICESHIPLOCAL FINDING AN APPRENTICESHIP | SPARKS WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK < 2022 AUTUMN | 45
IDENTIFY YOURSELF
DO YOUR RESEARCH
Don’t just send the same application form to every employer. An employer will be able to tell if it’s a circular! Think about which experiences and skills are most relevant to that specific job role and add them into the form.
Spelling mistakes or grammatical errors show a lack of attention to detail and will put off prospective employers.
2
HOW TO FIND AN APPRENTICESHIP
If there is one way to impress a future employer, it’s by knowing about their company! Look them up on Google, check out their website and social media channels.
1
ONLINE: Go to www.gov.uk/apply-apprenticeship. You can filter your local area, select your industry and set up notifications to get emails when your preferred vacancies are posted. New vacancies are posted all the time and they do not all start in September.. so, keep checking back, often!
WORK EXPERIENCE:
PROOFREAD
Before sending off your job application, make sure you spell check the document or ask someone you trust to read over it.
STAND OUT IN THE CROWDFOUR TOP TIPS
3
Get your personality and enthusiasm across and identify the skills and attributes that make you unique. Think about what an employer may find valuable, such as being punctual, creative, and hard working. Make sure you can provide examples of the attributes you say you have!
2
TAILOR YOUR APPLICATION
4
You could approach a company and offer a work trial – if this goes well, they may be prepared to offer you an apprenticeship, or at the very least a good reference – which could help you when applying to other companies. Once you have an employer in place who has agreed to offer you an apprenticeship, they can find a training provider to support you with the training element of your programme.
1
SPARKS | EPIC FAIL EPIC AT LEAST IT GETS FROM A TO B BROWN TO BLUE, BLEW TO BITS! CLOSE AND LOCK THE DOOR, JOB DONE WHERE TO START? “ERROR CHECK” 46 | AUTUMN 2022 > WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK ��
While most electricians and electrical engineers are fully qualified and do a great job, there are some out there who do some shocking work - sometimes literally! We’ve teamed up with Crap Electrical UK to bring you our regular gruesome gallery of weird wiring, ludicrous lighting and shoddy sockets.
EPIC EPIC FAIL | SPARKS FAIL GET IN TOUCH If you’ve come across a dodgy installation, send us your pictures and they could be featured on this page. Email us at editor@sng-publishing.co.uk A big thank you to the members of Crap Electrical UK for supplying us with so many great images. The Facebook group, which has over 10,000 members, is run by Charles Billington, Simon Allen, Lewis Boddington, Jake Simmons, Samuel Miles and Lee Quince. CUSTOMER CONNECTED THEIR OWN INFRARED PATIO HEATER SOME PEOPLE DON'T APPRECIATE ART I WONDER WHY THIS FAILED? THAT'S ONE WAY TO CHECK FOR EARTH LEAKAGE NICE REPAIR JOB THOSE HOLES ALLOW FOR EARTH LEAKAGE IN ASSOCIATION WITH CRAP ELECTRICAL UK WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK < 2022 AUTUMN | 47
SEARCH FOR SPARKS MAGAZINE OVER 90,000 FOLLOWERS FOLLOW www ck tools com COMFORT & CONTROL TO HAND. Innovative Dextro VDE screwdrivers have been designed in partnership with professional electricians and perfected for machine screws to give you maximum comfort, more control, and extra torque when and where it matters EXTENDED FINE NECK FOR PRECISION FINGERTIP HANDLING ERGONOMICALLY DEVELOPED DUAL COMPONENT HANDLES INNOVATIVE HEAD RIDGES DELIVER EXTRA TORQUE IN THE LAST
DOMESTIC
Are you eligible? The European Market Leader in Home Life Safety www.aico.co.uk | 01691 664100 | enquiries@aico.co.uk Our brand-new course on Domestic Fire and Carbon Monoxide Alarm Systems is a City & Guilds Assured qualification – a global quality benchmark that recognises excellence in training and learning.
City & Guilds Assured Qualification FIRE & CO ALARM
SYSTEMS Findmoreout To be eligible to participate in the course you must be: • An Expert Installer • A member of the Aico Installer Community Gain a detailed understanding of the design, installation, maintenance, interconnection, siting, and electrical connection of Aico domestic alarm systems. For more details visit: www.aico.co.uk/expert-installer
Introducing the Easy9 Compact consumerMultirowunitse.com/uk
