140312 book arturo by Speculative Fictions

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE LANDSCAPE + URBANISM SPRING 2014 ARTURO TOVAR-VILLALOBOS

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READING I CITY OF BITS Space, place and the infobahn By: William J. Mitchell STUDIO | MAQUILAPOLIS REVISITED | RENE PERALTA

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ECOLOGY OF GLOBALIZATION | BENJAMIN BRATTON W 1. W 2. W 3. W 4. W 5. W 6.

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Why do some places attract people? Often, it is because being on the spot puts you in the know.

URBANISM AND DEVELOPMENT SYSTEMS | ERINA OTA W 1. W 2. W 3. W 4. W 5. W 6.

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Places a(rac*ng people

Knowing things

URBAN SPATIAL STRUCTURE | TITO ALEGRIA W 1. W 2. W 3. W 4. W 5. W 6.

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WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

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Oncespublic and private space are distinguished from Public paces each other they can begin to play a complementary roles in urban life; a well-organized city needs both.

READING II

KEY WORDS:

SPACES OF GLOBAL CAPITALISM

+ Communication + Role + Rules In and Out = Plug and Unplugged

Since physical distance means little in cyberspace, the possibility also exists to “condense” scattered rural communities by creating public spaces that serve large, thinly populated areas.

According to the internet history and how it becomes a lifestyle at our present days, the only thing that it is important is to be where it is more convenient, to be at the best places, and not only physical places, but digital places, and to be part of something or everything. We can be at many places at same time, and shearing conversations with a lot of people about x number of topics, and also having our private communications in our private spaces, again, not necessarily physical. So why is it important to have a well-based design of everything, public, private, digital, non digital spaces, the answer is simple, to be part of it with a specific role and rules that guide us to create live spaces and to have soft cities that accommodate us and fill up all our physical and digital needs. The way we make a relationship between virtual communications and urban history is how we are now writing this moment, or I should say how we are programing this moments, and the way we live them, and from where we do it, and most important what role do we have to play.

Towards a Theory of Uneven Geographical Development By: David Harvey If we regard space as absolute it becomes a ‘thing in itself’ with an existence independent of matter NEWTON & DESCARTES PLACE: + geographic point - Event or fact Mapping things + Space of individuation + Discrete and bounded phenomena + Individual persons

Physical distance

HOUSING PUBLIC FACILITIES ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES OPEN SPACE ACTUAL PUBLIC FACILITIES

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Space is relative in the double sence: that there are multiple geometries from which to choose and that the spatial frame depends crucially upon what it is that is being relativized and by whom.

The relational notion of space-time implies the idea of internal relations; external influences get internalized in specific processes or things through time.

GAUSS & EINSTEIN All forms of measurenment depend upon the frame of reference of the observer It is impossible to understand space independent of time Space of transportation relations different from the spaces of private property

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

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READING III

KEY WORDS: + space = land + time = money + place = market

A CRITIC WRITES Essays by Reyner Banham THE GREAT GIZMO

Balance to Create Opportunuties According to D. Harvey, the relationship between how the space is conceived in time through a specific moment in the history of a place, is the perfect formula for a perfect economy. By analyzing the Marx theories and a lot of mathematical equations in relation on how the money should be distributed. In others words, the benefits of the capitalism are directly proportional to where the masses converged and how they are ingrained to the place they lived, and more important, why they live there?

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Americans belive in technology and that is where to look for the greatness of their domestic architecture Abstract and consequences of the gizmo Instance if failures to comprehend the extend of the potential of gadget culture are all to easy to multiplay, but my concern here is more with the results of this lack of intellectual grip.

The answer is not as simple as the question, like Harvey writes, it is because at the specific time, in that precise moment in that part of the world, the â&#x20AC;&#x153;economyâ&#x20AC;? just see the perfect geographic point with the perfect sequence of events. So, if we try to understand this relationship, we might end thinking of all the important events that happened in the planet, and what kind of benefits and loses they left, for example, if we look back into the industrial revolution, we may be able to identify why this important change in the way we lived occur, and the fact is that, we had a lot of health problems, and we need to minimized the congaed population, just like that, we replace man for machine in order to create a balance in our economy, and to give a big opportunity to improve our pharmaceutical process.

The catalog rarely fails to quote, along with the price and so forth, the shipping-weight of all mechanical kit. The technologist on the back porch Rural happiness in the U.S. was never to be the privilege of the few, but was to be the common property of every member of every family, thanks to domestic mechanization.

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

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The traditional American wooden house has always sat lightly on it terrains. The city as a pre-gizmos archaeology This potentialy seems to trouble architects to the bottoms of their monumental souls, but it has always fascinated U.S. technolgies.

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

ASSIGMENT I INDUSTRIAL PARK COMPLEX ANALYSIS The relationship between two cities, countries & economies

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

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GLOBAL SCALE

Industrial - financial cities around the world

+ Asia

Rigas, LATVIA Gorzow, POLAND Frankfurt, GERMANY

Bratislava, SLOVAKIA

La Valeta, MALTA Tijuana, MEXICO

Juarez, MEXICO

Athens, GRECE

El Cairo, EGYPT

Kaesong, NORTH KOREA Jiangxinzhou, CHINA

Aqaba, JORDAN Islamabad, PAKISTAN

Hong Kong, CHINA

Morvi, INDIA Bangkok, TAHILAND

Sao Paulo, Brazil Population: 11,821,876 Area: 1,522 km2 Economy: Industry

Buenos Aires, Argentina Population: 2,890,151 Area: 202 km2 Economy: Industry & services

Kaesong, North Korea Population: 338,440 Area: 1,309 km2 Economy: Manufacture industry

Jiangxnzhou, China Population: Area: Economy: Manufacture industry

Aqaba, Jordan Population: 95,508 Area: 375 km2 Economy: Manufacture industry & tourism

Islambad, Pakistan Population: 805,235 Area: 906 km2 Economy: ITC

Hong Kong, China Population: 7,184,000 Area: 1,108 km2 Economy: Finances

Morbi, India Population: 250,000 Area: Economy: Ceramic industry

Bangkok, Tahiland Population: 3,767,575 Area: 1,568 km2 Economy: Transformation industry

Ho Chi Minh, VIETNAM

Colombo, SRI LANKA Singapore, SINGAPORE Lima, PERU

Sao Paulo, BRAZIL Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA

+ Africa

El Cairo, Egypt Population: 8,259,461 Area: 214 km2 Economy: Commerce

+ America

Tijuana, Mexico Population: 1,300,983 Area: 637 km2 Economy: Manufacture industry

Juarez, Mexico Population: 1,321,004 Area: 188 km2 Economy:Manufacture industry

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

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FLOWS

Along with Hong Kong, South Korea and Taiwan, Singapore is one of the original Four Asian Tigers. The Singaporean economy is known as one of the freest, most innovative, most competitive, and most businessfriendly.

Singapore

General location India

Tahiland Vietnam

Ho Chin Minh, Vietnam Population: 6,424,519 Area: 2,109 km2 Economy: Manufacture industry

Colombo, Sri Lanka Population: 642,163 Area: 37 km2 Economy: Industry

Singapore, Singapore Population: 5,399,200 Area: 716 km2 Economy: Manufacture industry

Malasya Singapore

+ Europe

Singapore - Malasya border Riga, Latvia Population: 696,618 Area: 307 km2 Economy: Manufacture industry

Gorzow, Poland Population: 125,149 Area: 86 km2 Economy: Manufacture industry

Frankfurt, Germany Population: 691,518 Area: 248 km2 Economy: Finances

Singapore is the 14th largest exporter and the 15th largest importer in the world. There are more than 7,000 multinational corporations from the United States, Japan, and Europe in Singapore. There are also 1,500 companies from China and 1,500 from India. The Singaporean economy depends heavily on exports and refining imported goods, especially in manufacturing, which constituted 27.2% of GDP in 2010 and includes significant electronics, petroleum refining, chemicals, mechanical engineering and biomedical sciences sectors. The country is the world’s fourth leading financial centre, the world’s second-biggest casino gambling market, one of the world’s top three oil-refining centres, the world’s largest oil-rig producer, and a major ship-repairer. Singapore is a major international transport hub in Asia.

Singapore Bratislava, Slovakia Population: 586,300 Area: 367 km2 Economy: Manufacture industry

Athens, Grece Population: 664,046 Area: 412 km2 Economy: ITC

La Valletta, Malta Population: 7,650 Area: 1 km2 Economy: Tourism & Manufacture industry

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

+ Population (2013): 5,399,200 + Density: 7,540/km2 + Gross Domestic Product (GDP 2012) - Total $327.557 billion - Per capita $61,046

The Port of Singapore, managed by port operators PSA International and Jurong Port. Singapore is an aviation hub for Southeast Asia with eight airports in the country.

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

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FLOWS

Iskandar Malasya

Johor Bahru general and economic data

+ Area: 1,816 km2 + Population (2010): 1,334,188 + Density: 735/km2 + Gross Domestic Product (GDP 2013)* - Total $521.963 billion - Per capita $17,675 * Malasya

PERMUTATIONS Iskandar Malasya General distribution

Johor Bahru is an important industrial, logistical, and commercial centre. Its major industries include electronics, resource and petrochemical refinery, and shipbuilding. The heavy industrial areas are Pasir Gudang and Tanjung Langsat, located east of the metropolitan area. They contain clusters of refineries, chemical processing plants, and shipbuilding factories. Johor Bahru is served by Senai International Airport, located 35 km north-west of the city center. To the west of the metropolitan area, in Nusajaya, is the Port of Tanjung Pelepas, which currently ranks as Malaysia’s largest container port since 2004, and ranked as 16th busiest container ports in the world in 2010.

Johor land use plan

Johor Port is located on the eastern side of the metropolitan area in the industrial area of Pasir Gudang. It is the country’s most important commodity and mineral resources seaport, and home to a majority of Malaysia’s resources refineries. Johor Bahru is twinned with: + Jeddah, Saudi Arabia + Shenzhen, China + Istanbul, Turkey + Detroit, Michigan, United States + Singapore Metropolitan cities + Johor Bahru + Nusajaya + Pasir Gudang + Skudai + Senai

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

Johor Bahru urbanisation rate is 69.1%, which is higher than the average national urbanisation rate of 65.4% (National Physical Plan, 2005). This urbanisation rate can be related to the economic development of the SJER as the area of concentration for investment and employment. This is reflected by SJER’s estimated GDP of USD20 billion, which is 60% of Johor’s GDP. SJER is also where 70% of Johor’s manufacturing establishments (4,266 establishments) are located. Johor Bahru City, Pasir Gudang, Tanjung Langsat as well the Senai-Kulai areas are the main centres of employment, especially for services and manufacturing activities. WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

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Nusajaya Master Plan

COUPLINGS Utilities information: + Electricity supply + Water supply + Natural gas + Waste managment + Communication services

AVATARS

Nusajaya Industrial Park Brandings graphics

SiLC tenants

Southern Industrial & Logistics Clusters (SiLC) master plan

Reduce involves optimizing the scale of activities and lifestyle to lessen the demand on resources Offset measures involve augmenting environmental services or paying for their reduction elsewhere Substitute maintains the same scale of activities and lifestyle by using goods, services and processes that require less demand on resources Enhancement refers to improving environmental services or functions provided by areas within Nusajaya

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

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Place of Origin

Amsterdam, HOLLAND

Tokyo, JAPAN

Philadelphia, US

Nusajaya, MALASYA

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

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ASSEMBLAGE

Tokyo Rope MFG.CO.,LTD

Nusajaya Industrial Park

EIK Engineering SDN BHD

WE BUILD WITH

Products

PRIDE TRUST

Multi Fiber SDN BHD

Equipment & Attachments Specialist

YOU USE WITH

Southern Industrial & Logistics Clusters (SiLC)

+ Business Developer

Tokyo Rope MFG.CO.,LTD

+ Wire rope + Steel cord

TN Chemie SDN BHD

+ Chemicals + Blending

Stinis Malasya SDN BHD

+ Spreaders

Yongnam Engineering SDN BHD

+ Structural steel works + Civil engineering

EIK Engineering SDN BHD

+ Fabrication excavator attachments for the construction and marine industries

Metonmas Stud Industries SDN BHD

+ Bolts & Nuts + Steinless steel

Power Plug Busduct SDN BHD

+ Manufacturer of busduct systems for power distribution

Multi Fiber SDN BHD

+ Engineering, Fabrication & Installation + Chiller Conveyor System

Bio Nice SDN. BHD

+ Chinese Herbal bio-medical medicines

Pipeline Distribution (M) SDN BHD

+ Fire systems pipelines

Bioxcell CUF

+ Biotechnology

+ Wire + Engineering

+ Mechanical engineering

+ Structural steels + Flanges & pipes

Metonmas Stud Industries SDN BHD

Stinis Malasya SDN BHD

Power Plug Busduct SDN BHD

Bio Nice SDN. BHD

TN Chemie SDN BHD

Pipeline Distribution (M) SDN BHD

+ Building construction + Purified water plant

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

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MACHINES

Nusajaya Industrial Park Technologies used

Tokyo Rope MFG.CO.,LTD

TN Chemie SDN BHD

EIK Engineering SDN BHD

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

Metonmas Stud Industries SDN BHD

Multi Fiber SDN BHD

Bio Nice SDN. BHD

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

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SYNTHESIS

Avatars Main Exports

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

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SYNTHESIS

Economic Investment

Local investors contributed $25,000 MD (65%) of the cumulative committed investments, while the balance of $13,430 MD (35%) was contributed by foreign investors. The manufacturing sector recorded the highest cumulative committed investments at $13,600 MD. This is followed by logistics, tourism, healthcare, education, financial services and creative industries.

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

MAQUILAPOLIS ma·qui·la

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/məˈkēlə/

Gothenburg, Stockholm, SWEDEN

Toronto, CANADA

SYNTHESIS Diagram

Space (absolute or relative) = Land Time = Money Place = Market

Chicago, US San Jose, US

Detroit, US

Detroit, US Randstad, NETHERLANDS

Stuttgart, Wolfsburg, Frankfurt, Munich, Hannover, GERMANY

Milwaukee, Chicago, US

Barcelona, SPAIN Shanghai, CHINA

Houston, US

Seul, SOUTH KOREA Tokyo, JAPAN Osaka, JAPAN

Dallas, US

San Jose, US

Geneve, Switzerland

Paris, FRANCE

New York, Boston, Philadelphia, US

noun 1. another term for maquiladora

Helsinki, FINLAND

Tokyo, JAPAN Osaka, Nagoya, JAPAN

Milan, ITALY

Taipei, TAIWAN

Mumbai, INDIA

Singapore, SINGAPORE

Sao Paulo, BRAZIL

Source: Barcelona Field Studies Centre S.L.

Source: Globalization and World Cities Research Network

Urban Nodes Producing Physical Products & Digital Equipment (2010)

Largest Manufacturing Cities (1999)

Main Factors Influencing Industrial Locations :

Manufacturing

Physical :

Historic event

+ + + + + + + +

Hannover 37

Availability of Raw Materials Transportation Facilities Existing Site Infrastructure Accessibility to Electricity Accessibility to Gas Accessibility to Sewage Topography Climate

Milan 34

Mumbai 28

Geneva 46

Dallas 48

Paris 50

Tokyo 209

Munich 38

+ Trading & Shipping + Steel + Textile + Headquarters + Automobiie + Electronics + Medical + Oil

Boston 52

Paris 41

Chicago 52

Frankfurt 43

Physical Products

Taipei 56

Digital Equipment

Wolfsbu rg 43 Det roit 119

Helsinki 83

San Jose 211

Milwaukee 58

Human & Economic :

Commerce

+ External Economics + Availability of Cheap Labor + Proximity to Consumer Markets

High Tech

Logistics

New York 98

Nagoya 76 Stuttgart 79

Gothenbu rg 81

Osaka 159

Stockholm 121

It may be that certain traditional industrial cities or regions are now more dependent on current infrastructures of communications such as digital systems and entering a mediated global economy. These post-industrial infrastructures are shaping new urban typologies, driven by financial and communication trans-national corporations and at the same time fostering the creation of binomial zones where industry is still re-shaping territories, re-directing the flow of human labor and experimenting with novel forms of bottom-up manufacturing. Our research primarily focuses on decoding new forms of the industrial city, its new geographies and modes of production. We are hypothesizing that this neo-industrial urbanism is fostering economic growth, entrepreneurship, and merging digital and personal manufacturing, also known as the “Third Industrial Revolution”. (Anderson 2013).

Tokyo 295

Philadelphia 50

The term “Maquila” is another way to describe the manufacturing industry along the US/Mexico border. A maquiladora is a plant that assembles a surplus of goods destined to consumers across the border into the United States or around the world. MAQUILAPOLIS is an on going research project by students and faculty into the restructuring of the manufacturing industry and the resurgence of a neo-industrial sector that is being driven by new production techniques, automation and new industrialized geographies. In 1973, Daniel Bell coined the term and concept of “Post-Industrial Society” and since then the term has been used widely and from an urbanistic perspective, it is now synonymous with two scenarios; one with the development of “smarter” and service focused urban centers and the other with the dystopian form of cities and regions.

As we explore these binomial industrial urbanism, specifically the relationship within the US/Mexico border we began to understand how intimately postindustrial and industrial cities are creating research, design and fabrication regions. The making of goods through automation is changing the speed of production and displacing lowpaying jobs, at the same time creating new employment opportunities for young design and engineering graduates in formal industries or start-up ventures as we have seen in the manufacturing region between San Diego, California and Tijuana, Mexico. MAQUILAPOLIS as a research project pretends to focus on the impact manufacturing has had on the urban realm between the Tijuana/ San Diego region and speculate on the development of new and prototypical forms of “making things” and its correlation with the ecologies of urban form, landscapes and socio-cultural praxis.

Largest Exporting Cities for Physical Products & Digital Equipment

1. New Industrial Geographies

NORTH KOREA

Morbi, INDIA Metropolitan area Bangkok, TAHILAND Metropolitan area Colombo, SRI LANKA Metropolitan area

Lima, PERU Metropolitan area

F AN INA D T NC LO ECH IAL C GIS NO AP TIC LO ITA S H GY L UB FO S R

Hong Kong, CHINA Taiwan, CHINA Ho Chi Minh, VIETNAM Metropolitan area Singapore, SINGAPORE Johor, MALASYA

NORTH KOREA

SEOUL

Sao Paulo, BRAZIL Metropolitan area

INCHEON SOUTH KOREA

DISTRIBUTION AS EXPORT OR FOR DOMESTIC CONSUPTION

2. Post-Industrial Cities and Their Industrial Binomials EXAMPLE

IMAGE

$$$

REQUIREMENTS

Emerging Industries / Start-up Small Companies

Parent: Hyundai Motor Group Products: Automobiles, luxury cars, commercial vehicles, engines Employees: 57,105

+ Large factory space

Products: Electronics and aerial vehicles, including multicopters and airplanes. It created the ArduPilot autopilot line, the ArduCopter and ArduPlane drones. Employees: 180

+ Small amount of

capital

City

1 1

+ Lots of workers + Produce large /

finished products.

capital

+ Small factory space

375m

750m

1.5 km

Garnierʼs Cité Industrielle France 1900ʼs

+ Much less workers + High technology

375m

Solutions for finding the location of minimum aggregate travel (MAT) are complicated and involve complex mathematics. The location is found by a trial and error process of iteration, in which an initial guess is successively improved using algorithms. In addition to mathematical solutions, there is also a mechanical solution known as the Varignon Frame experiment http://training.esri.com/Courses/DataInfo10_0/index.cfm

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

4 3

+ Small factory space

2 4

+ No workers necessary

3. From Traditional to Diversified Modes of Production

4 1

depending on the customersʼ needs

2 3

1 4

Self - Made Products

+ Products vary

+ 3D Printer Price: Products: RepRap prints plastic parts by using 3D printer, RepRap self-replicates by making a kit of itself - a kit that anyone can assemble given time and materials.

1.5 km

support

$4,000-15,000

Customized Factories

750m

Welwyn Garden City, United Kingdom 1920ʼs

+ Kuka Robot Price: Owner: Elon Musk (27%), Toyota Group (0.27%) Products: Tesla Roadster, Tesla Model S, and Model X Employees: 6,000

SOUTH KOREA

A Cross-Border Post-Industrial City and its Industrial Binomial

+ Large amount of Heavy Industries / Big Companies

L NCIA FINA L AND TA Y: CAPI NOLOG H TEC FINED S RE ODITIE M COM

KAESONG

Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA Metropolitan area

TYPE

UL SEO

Political border

El Cairo, EGYPT Metropolitan area

ONG ES

Kaesong, NORTH KOREA Seul, SOUTH KOREA

IAL TER MA TS RAW POR IM T OS RED W C LO FACTU NU RTS MA EXPO

$$$

El Paso, USA Juarez, MEXICO

Athens, GRECE Metropolitan area

INCHEO N

San Diego, USA Tijuana, MEXICO

La Valeta, MALTA Metropolitan area

3 1

$351 - $23,450

2 4

+ No location / space requirements

+ No workers necessary

+ Products can be made at home

750m

Suzhou Industrial Park Jiangsu, China 1994

2 km

750m

Songdo-dong Incheon, South Korea 2004

2 km

1 2 3 4

Residential Industrial Commercial Recreation

4. Urban Impact : From New Company Towns to New Forms of International Sovereignty

MAQUILAPOLIS WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

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READING I ROBOT FUTURES BY ILLAH REZA NOURBAKHSH

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With that been said, the economy of scales is the “pool” where everybody wants to be, because is cheaper, and if we can reduce our labor cost by the use of robots, well, robots will rule the market someday. So, if robots are going to rule the market, they pretty much will rule everything, or maybe not everything but we are going to see robots everywhere, in our houses, offices, restaurants, parks, etc., and they will become like a plague, because at the beginning will be fascinated by them but then, like almost all the new inventions that we create, we will be “evolving” to something else more fantastic, and all that robots that one day made our life easy, will become that fly flying around our heads. And that is the path that robots are going to follow, one they are a used toy, they are going to update their OS and start thinking by them self, without any human order. By this time, the most evolved robots will be driving our cars, recording our thoughts, and even feeding us with some new spoon or fork. So, we need to be aware of introduce a on/off button, and more important, to create recycling robot factories for those robots that are no longer required, this is to avoid a machine revolution, and be erased of this world.

Robot or Not Robot The way we do business is how we have been shaping thins world, economy is the engine that drives all movement in our cities, and not only on the streets, but also in our communications channels like the telephone and internet. So, if economy is the most important thing in the world, it will need to be controlled by humans, right. The answer is definitively yes, but, we humans only control the market, this market where products are sold and bought, and who made this products? In past days we do, but now, we only program a machine to do it. WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

If a robot revolution happens, is because we let the robots to do all the thinks that we need to do, we let them to have a connectivity or communication with all the thinks that surround us. At present days we have this kind of connectivity, and it is called smartphone, this awesome gadgets that we use with any future thought of what it can became, maybe our best friend, or our worst enemy, depending to what it is connected and what kind of signals it is receiving.

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Here is when we need to establish who is the one who has the control, and we need to be conscientious about what is the best for every trend or market or life style. We can not eliminate machines that help us to do what we do at present days, like the ones in the textile factories or in the automotive industry, but we need to have the control of where we are going to introduce new technologies and to do what things, may be I am being paranoiac, but if all our sci-fi movies became a reality, we’ll be in a lot of trouble, so it is better to prevent rather to wait if this could happen.

ASSIGMENT I

READING II

FUTURISTIC LANDSCAPE US-MEX BORDER

SPECULATIVE EVERYTHING Design, Fiction, and Social Dreaming BY ANTHONIY DUNNE & FIONA RABY

So, if we are going to start using robots in different fields beside industry, like research or security, we need to create backdoor exits in their software, again, not being radical, just having some futuristic thoughts abut what we need to do and how to do it. It is totally fine to explore this new fields of opportunity, I can assure that we are going to find some awesome results, specially in the research programs, but been a big fan of the terminator movies, and just imagining what awesome defense machines we are designing, I can only imagine what could happen when this robots realize that they can be “free”.

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PLATES DESIGN

Busa pro is aliquaspedis et voluptatqui Qui dolorpor aut et qui debit evendem dolutatiunt aut lanis qui cum volor am, si ommoditectur aborenet, con rempossi tem re restrunt eum ut Qui dolorpor aut et qui debit evendem dolutatiunt aut lanis qui cum volor am, si ommoditectur aborenet, con rempossi tem re restrunt eum ut Qui dolorpor aut et qui debit evendem dolutatiunt aut lanis qui cum volor am, si ommoditectur aborenet, con rempossi tem re restrunt eum ut Qui dolorpor aut et qui debit evendem dolutatiunt aut lanis qui cum volor am, si ommoditectur aborenet, con rempossi tem re restrunt eum ut Qui dolorpor aut et qui debit evendem dolutatiunt aut lanis qui cum volor am, si ommoditectur aborenet, con rempossi tem re restrunt eum ut Qui dolorpor aut et qui debit evendem dolutatiunt aut lanis qui cum volor am, si ommoditectur aborenet, con rempossi tem re restrunt eum ut Qui dolorpor aut et qui debit evendem dolutatiunt aut lanis qui cum volor am, si ommoditectur aborenet, con rempossi tem re restrunt eum ut

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

Ommos sequam rerecest, ipsus neceped ut exeratur aciatas eari omnis doloritis mo cum evelestis re vo

Ulpa comnim dolora voles ipsa veles sumquias alitis qui nost, nobit, eate omni nusciendunt plit anis ad mo volupta tiorrorepe nonsed mo ma eumqui cones volorror remoluptatur magnimus moluptati as atio. Et facepro rehenim vollo officaerum laborum adis res sum quibus dentem dolecto omnimus, toritio temquas inciam similis ernam a dolupta tusapel incipicia conecab orecat. Um aut et etur, alicipsae doloribus eum volor repta del in ratiaecat estrupta quas mi, qui velendenim quisincia natusap ellabo. Ut etur aspidel iberovid quatquiae volorem eum, ut esequaestis autemquatem quid quam, quaspis sequis il illatiae peles molorrunt alibus atur, nustium sae lat lam ea aliquae sitatectiae persperro toribus endelignis es volorporem ium que in nos porporerum aborrorio. Et ut lam, imus et eiciam senti rehenim aiorate ctorepe odit re quaspid ucipit quo tem explaborrum, ommoluptur ate nus rero totat aut re dolloribus secepudit fugit ellaccus voluptur, officium num lignat que consed etur, corerum simusant millique rae nonsed quid earcit as sequibero volupta arum facerum fugia dolore sum qui corem quiae nihillaborum fuga.Eceaqui dolum remporum untiam ipsus assi reptatus ex esectia volore duntenetur?

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Ommos sequam rerecest, ipsus neceped ut exeratur aciatas eari omnis doloritis mo cum evelestis re vo

Ulpa comnim dolora voles ipsa veles sumquias alitis qui nost, nobit, eate omni nusciendunt plit anis ad mo volupta tiorrorepe nonsed mo ma eumqui cones volorror remoluptatur magnimus moluptati as atio. Et facepro rehenim vollo officaerum laborum adis res sum quibus dentem dolecto omnimus, toritio temquas inciam similis ernam a dolupta tusapel incipicia conecab orecat. Um aut et etur, alicipsae doloribus eum volor repta del in ratiaecat estrupta quas mi, qui velendenim quisincia natusap ellabo. Ut etur aspidel iberovid quatquiae volorem eum, ut esequaestis autemquatem quid quam, quaspis sequis il illatiae peles molorrunt alibus atur, nustium sae lat lam ea aliquae sitatectiae persperro toribus endelignis es volorporem ium que in nos porporerum aborrorio. Et ut lam, imus et eiciam senti rehenim aiorate ctorepe odit re quaspid ucipit quo tem explaborrum, ommoluptur ate nus rero totat aut re dolloribus secepudit fugit ellaccus voluptur, officium num lignat que consed etur, corerum simusant millique rae nonsed quid earcit as sequibero volupta arum facerum fugia dolore sum qui corem quiae nihillaborum fuga.Perum re rae nonsequas molo ma ventiusdae. Et pre, aut quae ipictatur sus quam unt.

Ommos sequam rerecest, ipsus neceped ut exeratur aciatas eari omnis doloritis mo cum evelestis re vo Ommos sequam rerecest, ipsus neceped ut exeratur aciatas eari omnis doloritis mo cum evelestis re vo

Sediam reruptaeres et audicab orecepe rissequos etur si dolut ommod eos doles quae vel inient, sunt ipsus idunt vendae cum eliqui utatquati tet, occum re ent. Im re nonsequia ipiti ditaturerum suntium faccuscit fugit eatur, ex ese aceaquodit, volupta conempo riatur as id quos se voloreniet liquibu saperro tota sequid eossitet dellaut ipisime dolorpo ressitatius et fugit quid ma cum cuptat quae idesti bearcia consequis sam estrum vendi di velest im quunt quosant iatureh enectotat. Icimin conet poreiumquam, sum quamet a voluptiusam sapedi ut que nobis dolupta temodip santiore Sediam reruptaeres et audicab orecepe rissequos etur si dolut ommod eos doles quae vel inient, sunt ipsus idunt vendae cum eliqui utatquati tet, occum re ent. Im re nonsequia ipiti ditaturerum suntium faccuscit fugit eatur, ex ese aceaquodit, volupta conempo riatur as id quos se voloreniet liquibu saperro tota sequid eossitet dellaut ipisime dolorpo ressitatius et fugit quid ma cum cuptat quae idesti bearcia consequis sam estrum vendi di velest im quunt quosant iatureh enectotat. Icimin conet poreiumquam, sum quamet a voluptiusam sapedi ut que nobis dolupta temodip santiore

Architius rest landescia voluptibus volorepudic totatur, sequi conseraeris doluptat occus, omni recea consernatum idese consequae sapid ut que latemos sequos secto et eliquo quo tem nimporeribus doloresequam et verro qui audandis et et et autatibus arum ut as endellorepre reperum ipsus. Arciam, que odi odit, idelecae aut fugitatur, que dipsa ipsapie ndelia pore sed unt fugitia solorerchit, quibus porem acipid maximus. Ulparum qui ut la con ea exped ut aute porum apientinctis am quam aut in explitae. Ihit officitasita nimus, con perum facestrum net fugiam rest, teniet

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A BRIEF ANALYSIS OF THE URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE IN TIJUANA

Invenet quidel ipienduciunt rem quam rescipis volo testrum lam reperio bea nescimi llandel litatem quia doluptas volectori repudicabo. Nequatendunt as volorem nobissum sum quibus ditate eiumque nobis simpelles ut ea quature pellorior rerit abor auditatur, odi offictia voluptam lam eum natur a necerep erchil iliquo blab ipsapel et, sima nonecto maiore arum et audissintium eos eatis debit il exernam expeliquia doluptat porest offic to tem est ma cor sit acillo cum dolori autatia voluptat volorerumque cum soluptatus estis aliatquist ad que lab imus audipsa nitatat.

Ommos sequam rerecest, ipsus neceped ut exeratur aciatas eari omnis doloritis mo cum evelestis re vo

Orioritin ea con earchitae nonsequ idelecum adis dolupti quiscil lorestis mo explis quae eum es abo. Ut elessinci dolorehenet re as ea sapic to berro volorias mintemporum qui omnienecto blandis qui aut aligniment. Ipsandanto to qui unt lit eum fuga. At alici dolut apit, cores desedicia volorum alique experepuda naturem si rata voloreped estrunti cum qui quo il int ommolup tationem conectur sa arum hitate et landebistrum fugit ut utas apiciis aut quam cus nonseque etur solor alis magnimolupis maximagnam, quo occae magnian duciatur? Quibercim velignis enihici amusae etus as

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LAND USE DISTRIBUTION 2009

The history of a manufacturing city. (1889 - 1965 & 1970 - 2015)

1983

1920

Housing 11,819 ha Vacant lots 8,842 ha Roads 6,624 ha Industry 3,511 ha

2003

(31%) (25%) (19%) (10%)

Principal industrial sectors + Ciudad Industrial + Los Pinos + Parque Industrial Florido + El Carrizo 10,089 ha

164 ha 1950

20,482 ha

1970

1997

I: 509 ha

21,194 ha

28,936 ha

I: 721 ha

Industrial parks surface

1,397 ha

2010

1994

2,965 ha

8,227 ha

I: 509 ha

37,652 ha

I: 1,463 ha

2015

I: 509 ha

+ 13,153 ha I: + 151 ha

IMPORTANT HISTORIC GROWTH (urban area) 1970 - 1990 - 2002 - 2009 -

6,610 ha 16,587 ha 20,753 ha 34,365 ha

> 150% > 20% > 39%

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URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE + Water + Waste + Power + Street light + Telecom + Mayor roads + Rail Road + Airport

PRINCIPAL SECTORS WITH INFRASTRUCTURE paved roads - waste - power - water (urban area 2006) + Downtown + Otay Mesa + Los Pinos + Sectors 5 and 10 + Industrial City

1,138 ha 1,779 ha 1,365 ha 1,597 ha 2,080 ha

More than 90% of coverage service

MAIN ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES (2004) + Commerce + Manufacturing

50% population 21% 7.65% population 50%

Total economic units (TIJ) 30,260 + Manufacturing 2,346 eu 155,935 persons + Commerce 14,541 eu 65,450 persons + Services 12,716 eu 72,819 persons

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ASSIGMENT III

GORWTH SCENARIOS (2030)

Manufacturing / Industrial Future Proposal at an Urban Scale

+ Housing

24,445 ha

> 52%

+ Infrastructure

12,692 ha

> 27%

+ Industry

> 15% - 30%

SOCIOECONOMICAL FACTS 2004 2010 2030

30,260 eu 34,478 eu 79,760 eu

312,455 jobs 357,042 jobs 826,580 jobs

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Master Plan Propousal + industrial land + green spaces + density

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Industrial places near 2013 housing + 2030 affordable housing

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International transportation Hub TIJ - SAN trolley

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TJ housing near the border with a San Diego border line forest and CBP surveilant towers

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Recovery of Tijuana River + Big box mall and sub urban San Ysidro

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New Xolos stadium + high density housing

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Increase the tourism if industry fails

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ASSIGMENT IV Iconic Autobiography

City of Barcelona 22@ district

Rem Koolhas Seattle public libary

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Topographic GIS image Urban planning Shangai

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Urban analysis

Richard Rogers Pompidui centre

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Santiago Calatrava Valencia Concert hall

Luis Barragan Capucin Convent

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CASE OF STUDY General location

Zone A

Zone B

Zone D Zone C

Zone A Location

Topography & Hidrology

Antoni Gaudi The Sacred Family Church

Ciudad Industrial Area: 1,578 ha

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Accesibility + Main roads

Public Facilitites + Health

Housing + Housing density

Population + Population density

+ Public transport

+ Education

+ Housing services (water, waste, electricity)

+ Ages (0-14; 15-64; >65)

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+ Average grade of education

+ Housing topology

Zone B Location

Accesibility + Main roads

Baja Maquila El Aguila Area: 1,980 ha + Migration

+ Homogeneous zones

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Topography & Hidrology

+ Public transport

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Public Facilitites + Health

Housing + Housing density

Population + Population density

+ Average grade of education

+ Education

+ Housing services (water, waste, electricity)

+ Ages (0-14; 15-64; >65)

+ Migration

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+ Housing topology

Zone C Location

Accesibility + Main roads

Public Facilitites + Health

+ Public transport

+ Education

Industrial Pacifico Area: 1,181 ha + Homogeneous zones

Topography & Hidrology

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Housing + Housing density

Population + Population density

+ Average grade of education

+ Housing topology

+ Housing services (water, waste, electricity)

+ Ages (0-14; 15-64; >65)

+ Migration

+ Homogeneous zones

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Zone D Location

Accesibility + Main roads

Public Facilitites + Health

Housing + Housing density

+ Public transport

+ Education

+ Housing services (water, waste, electricity)

La Jolla Area: 154 ha Topography & Hidrology

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Population + Population density

+ Average grade of education

+ Housing topology

+ Ages (0-14; 15-64; >65)

+ Migration

+ Homogeneous zones

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Master Plan

WOODBURY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | LANDSCAPE + URBANISM | SPRING 2014 | ARTURO TOVAR

3D VIEWS

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3D VIEWS

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3D VIEWS

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P. 85

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P. 87

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P. 89

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P. 91

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