ღეროვანი (Stem) January 2015
Who Found a GPS in ourBrain?
Who Started Color Television?
1847 By Jason Lopez
On
the
day
of
February 11, 1847 a boy named Thomas Alva Edison was born in Milan Ohio. Thomas’s family moved soon after his arrival to Michigan. Thomas was the youngest out of seven siblings. Later on in life when Thomas was about six years old got a job as a train boy on the Grand Trunk Railroad that ran through Port Huron and Detroit. Thomas mostly sold newspapers and candy to the kids nearby, and set up his very first chemistry lab and a printing
press on the train. At a young age Thomas Edison read scientific and technical books, and also at the time had the opportunity to learn how to operate a telegraph. By the
the capability of becoming a full time telegrapher.The telegraph was one of the biggest steps of communication. The art of telegraphing rapidly expanded in the second half of the 19th century. This growth gave Thomas the chance to explore the country more. Thomas Edison worked in a number of different city’s/states in the United States, be for he moved to Boston in 1868. When Edison (This is Thomas Alva Edison.) arrived in Boston he changes his profession from telegrapher to time Edison was sixteen he had inventor. Thomas got his first
patent on an electrical vote recorder. This was to help record votes. This object was a commercial failure. Thomas Edison moved to New York in 1869. Thomas Edison continued working on invitations related to the telegraph, and then he And manufacturing objects that greatly improved the speed and efficiency of the telegraph. Somewhere along the line Thomas find the to get married to love his life, Mary Stilwell and then not that far off starts a family. In the year of 1876 Thomas Edison sold his laboratory in Newark, then moved his family and the assistants that worked in the lab to a small town that was 25 miles southwest of New York City. The town name was Menlo Park. Thomas started a new laboratory with all the essentials to create any invention that you could imagine. This laboratory was the first of is kind. In this lab Thomas Edison made history changed the world!
and
The foil phonograph was the first invention that Thomas Edison made at his new lab. This invention could record and reproduce sound, this invention
developed his first successful invention, the invention was a new and improved stock ticker that was called the “Universal Stock Printer�. For this inventions and other related inventions, Thomas was paid $40,000. This gave Edison the was the first of its kind not to mention that this invention made him famous all around the world. Later that year Edison toured the world talking at big conferences about his new invention, and was invited to the white house by the president Rutherford B. Hayes. Thomas tock on one of the This is a invention that thomas edison made
biggest challenges his life by trying to invent electric light. This idea had been tried before but others were not able to take on the challenge of the lightbulb. Thomas Edison tock this challenge on and won it, Thomas was the first one ever to invent electrical light. Thomas Edison invented many more
money to set up his own laboratory in Newark, New Jersey in 1871. For the next five years Thomas Edison spent his time in Newark, inventing inventions and lived in many more cities after Menlo Park. During the last two years of his life was his life his health worsened, Thomas Edison spent less time at his laborites. Thomas tock time to go down to his family vacation home in Fort Myers Florida, the vacation trips became longer and longer each time. Then one day in Glenmont VA, Thomas Edison collapsed. Form that moment on his life went down in a downward spiral. Edison steadily declined until 3:21am on October 18, 1931. One of the greatest men alive, leaving behind his great legacy and his wife Mary Stilwell and his kid
Car Fanatic of America By Braydon Summerstone
Institute. Henry Ford was given lots of awards, honors, and certifications throughout his life. In 1928, Henry was o he did not build the first car awarded the Franklin Institutes Elliot Cresson medal. In 1938, he was awarded or the first assembly line, but refashioned the Grand Cross of the German Eagle. Henry the world of transportation for what it is Ford was one of the most famous engineers today. Henry Ford was one of the most alive. Henry Ford built one of the first famous people alive. He automobiles on the road. built a better, more He was owner of the powerful automobile most successful car mainly so more people companies, Ford Motor can get around easier. Company. He was owner He built many cars, all in and creator of the Model which were very T, and the production of successful in the several other automobile world. Henry Henry Ford automobiles. Fords most Ford was a very successful build was the successful man with lots Model T which was the car that changed of awards, honors, and certifications in his America. The first Model T was produced in lifetime and is one of the most important 1909. By 1910, Ford’s Highland Park people in the world of transportation. Assembly Plant was the new place for the Henry Ford is an engineer. Ford was born in production of cars. This was where Ford Greenfield Township, Michigan on July 30, made the moving assembly line in 1913. 1863. He tragically passed away in Fair The moving assembly line reduced chassis Lane, Dearborn, Michigan on April 7, 1947. build from 14 hours per car to 1.5 hours per During his childhood, Ford grew up on a car. During 1914 to 1925 the Model T was farm in Michigan. Ford later took over the only available in the color black. The two farm from his father, William Ford, When millionth Model T rolled off the assembly Henrys mother, Mary Lighut Ford, passed line on June 14th in 1917. This was a huge away. Henry married Clara Bryant. Clara success for Ford Motor Company. Later in gave birth to Edsel Ford. Later, Edsel got 1919, Ford was able to produce something married to Eanor Clay. Ford went to the called an electric starter so people no Scotch Settlement School during his longer had to crank start their cars. The elementary school years. For Fords college Ford rolled the 5 millionth Model T on May years, he went to the Detroit Business 28th which was another great success for
N
the Ford Motor Company in 1921. Ford made millions and millions of cars for the people in his time. Ford made a pickup body called the Runabout in 1925. This was the first car with a bed made in history. After 19 years of production and 15 million cars make, the Ford Motor Company went out of business on May 256th in 1927. Later in 1999 on December 18th, Fords Model T was named “Car of the Century.” The people who named this was a panel of 133 automotive journalists and experts. In 2003, 43 vintage Model T’s made their way across America just to participate a 100th anniversary celebration of the Ford Motor Company. Henry Ford was a very successful and important man who changed the world of transportation and people throughout the world. Henry had lots of confidence and pride in his work, determination, and the willingness to do his best.
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The King of Chemistry and Physics By: Jimmy Smith
My teacher asked, have you ever wondered why Chemistry and Physics is such a big deal? No I answered anxious to know why. “1 special person” she said “that’s all it took to make this such a big deal”. I wondered who this person may be. What did he do? How did he make chemistry and physics such a big deal? My teacher asked another question. “Who invented the electric motor?” “It was the same person. This person was Michael Faraday the king of chemistry and physics.
When Michael was 5 years old he and his family moved so his father could look for a new job. They moved to Jacob Well’s Mews in London. This is where Michael studied physics and chemistry at the Royal Institution of Great Britain.
Because Michael’s father encouraged Michael to get a good education that’s what led him to study physics and chemistry in London. He contributed to the fields of electromagnetism and electrochemistry. At the institution his main Michael Faraday discoveries included those was born on September of the electromagnetic 22, 1791 in Newington induction, diamagnetism, Butts, England. He was and electrolysis. Also at the born into a poor family institution of Great Britain but still had time to go to he began his invention of school and get an the electric motor. He education. His father Michael Faraday in his youth began his education by was a blacksmith with becoming an apprentice of not a very good education. Michael’s father William Thomas Brande. These two men had a huge impact on his education. His dad helped him in the magnetic field where he wanted him to be better them him, get an established the concept of the education and get a better job than him. electromagnetic field of physics. However because his family was so poor he His number one discovery included got multiple jobs to help support his family. the electromagnetic induction,
diamagnetism, and the laws of electrolysis rotary devices which formed the foundation of electric motor technology. This was largely due to his efforts that electricity became practical for the use in technology. Because of these discoveries he received many rewards, Royal Medal in 1835 & 1846, Copley Medal in 1832 & 1838, Rumford Medal in 1846, and the Albert Medal in 1866. When Michael went to the royal institution in 1812 he received his lectures about chemistry by a man named Humphry Davy and another man named John Tatum, founder of the City of the Philosophical. He would write books and send them to Davy so he could know what they were doing.
religious practices. He thought that it was against the word of the bible to receive riches. Michael Faraday helped shape are society into what it is today. Without him we wouldn’t be able to have transportation that involves electric motors. Also we wouldn’t be able to gain the confidence that we can achieve everything. Without Michael we wouldn’t be able to study science like we can today. Without Michael are society wouldn’t not be the same. This is what makes Michael an important figure in this society.
In 1813-1815 Davy sent out to go through the continent and show the continent his scientific discoveries. Michael came with him, acting as his valet. Michael was treated very poorly by Davy’s wife. When Faraday returned he married to Sarah Barnard on June 12, 1821. These two met through religion but had no children. Later in his life Michael was granted a doctor of Civil Law degree by the University of Oxford. Even later in his life he received a knighthood in recognition for his services to science. He turned this down based to
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BY Samantha Phoenix
The father of mineralogy the man who changed geology for life. The one who made it further fore. He took geology to a new level, what was then is now. We can all thank Agricola for this accomplishment. But he did not just get this accomplishment by sitting in his basement he worked and taught himself to become what he is. It began when he started having an interest for mining and geology. He began studying at Leipzig University. He got his degree in doctor but he was really interactive and spending most attention to geology and mining. He moved to Chemnitz in 1536 and worked at a mining industry. He began and continued his geology studies there. Agricola began to be know because of the book he wrote ‘On the nature of metals’. It was also the first book about that subject and the way it was written. His other book ‘De Natura Fossil’ made him well known for his appearance to. His first book described the ways and the steps to becoming and new miner and a geologist and soon
enough he became one himself. Not only did he contribute to rocks and minerals he contributed to geology, metallurgy, mineralogy, structurealogy, and paleontology. His other book represented the classification of minerals. It showed how to classify, create color, define, texture and many more. His book represented a major advance over all the books that where about rocks and minerals and how it showed GRAND to OPENING! classify them. The new Sandia mall What is opening on made this so great is he made For more both of info visit these books as an
advantage to help. He did not just show
what to do he explained the steps and that is why his book is so well known and written in several different languages but mainly in Latin, because of where he is from and location. Agricola was also known for his amazing theories and what he had proven to the ways of geology and mineralogy. Agricola’s succsess was not only in his works he was happily married and had seceral children. Even though we do not know who his decendents are we have only yet to know hiw brother and father After he had got done writing his books he began to spend his free time working and mining. He began to work on his passion. Later Agricola’s greatest accomplishments ‘De Re Metallica and ‘De Natura on his book Fossilium publications had been delayed to 1553, because of the requriements and the way it was layed Agricola’s greatest outaccomplishments and the ways it was going to be printed. Not because of how late he made it, but because of the ways it was structured. He began beginning the ways of life he wanted to live. He was on eded.
the path of geology and minging. He tought skills and made personal books, and prints. The father of mineralogy began to merry. He had several wives and children. By the time he was merried he had a lot on his hands. By this time he had become the proudful leader of the mining company. He had a lot on his hands. Now I know it dosent sound like a big deal but if you where in his shoes and in his time and you made that big accomplishment it was historical. Agricola had a great life and after he decented in (1555) his books had been published and had been used to help for many sorts of reasons. That is why Agricola is most and best know for his books and his ways of thoughts. Think about how Agricola has made an accomplishment and what he has done to help the earth. That is why Agricola got the name the father of mineralogy. Not because he did a report or because he finished his homework its because he came up with ways to write the books to give us the skills we have ne
The Brilliant Survivor Luke Jackson
On the date of January 8, 1942 a brilliant man was born. He was born in Oxford, England during the time of world war ll. He has a sister and an adopted brother. He and his family ate dinner in silence, and their car was a beat up old London taxi. This man was named Stephen Hawking.
crutches and then on to a wheel chair. Stephen now can no longer talk so he is using a computerized voice system.
Stephen Hawking went to the University of Oxford, his dad’s old At the age of 21, he was school. Although diagnosed with a his dad wanted disease that is Stephen to study known as ALS medicine, Stephen disease or Lu wanted to study Gehrig’s disease. mathematics. This disease makes Mathematics was your muscles not available there weaker and smaller so he went into without physics. He then nourishment. The moved to the doctors only gave This is the classiest watch you will University of him two and a half ever wear the Solex Goldeni Cambridge to study more years to live. cosmology because Then came the there was no one miracle, Stephen working in that area at Oxford at the did not die, but with the disease time. After earning his Ph.D. he came some side affects that changed became a Research Fellow and then Stephens life forever. As his disease became a Professional Fellow at began to grow deeper in Stephen’s Gonville and Caius College. He is the body, his body began to depend on former Lucasian professor at the
university of Cambridge. Leaving astronomy in 1973, Stephen went to the department of mathematics and theoretical physics in 1979. Stephen Hawking is most known for discovering something that changed the scientific theory of black holes for ever. Stephen discovered that black holes could radiate and eventually evaporate and disappear. He made the impression that the universe has no ending. That would mean that the making of the universe was defined by the laws of science. Stephen Hawking has twelve degrees and many awards. Some of his honorable awards are, the Albert Einstein award, Hughes medal, Edington medal, and his most recent one is the Presidential Medal of Freedom along with many more.
May of 1967. He then had a daughter in the year of 1970 along with another child that came along on the April of 1979. He was married to her from 1965-1995. He then married a woman named Elaine Mason from 1995-2006. He has a total of three children and three grandchildren. Ste phen Hawking is the author of the memoir book called “Stephen Hawking, My Brief History�. Stephen is still continuing to learn and teach his knowledge of black holes and his brilliant discovery of radiation in black holes. Stephen still hopes today that he can one day go up into space. Stephen survivor.
That is why this man, Hawking, is a brilliant
Stephen’s first marriage was with Jane Wilde. They hadHawking a son on Stephen in front of Cambridge University.
THE GREAT By: Lui Sendou Have you ever wonder how the universe mathematics. In 1699 other member of operate, mathematic is something that Royal this person figure out by himself, he Society accuse Leibniz of plagiarism. The start off not knowing anything into a dispute then broke out in person that discover full force in how the universe 1711 when the Royal operate along with Society proclaimed in a gravity. That is not all study that it was Newton back then there was a who was the true telescope but this discoverer and labelled person created a kind Leibniz a fraud. This of telescope that use study was cast into reflect mirror for his doubt when it was alter telescope. He is the Isaac Newton in his youth that Newton himself Great one with the wrote the study’s name Isaac Newton. concluding remarks on Leibniz. Thus Newton was born on January 4, 1643 began the bitter controversy which three month after his father die, “his marred the loves of both Newton and mom remarried when Newton is three Leibniz until he latter’s death in 1716. In year old and she married to Reverend 1666, Newton observed that spectrum Barnabas Smith, he live with his of colors exiting a prism in the position Isaac Newton in his youth maternal grandma after everything has of minimum deviation is oblong, even happened to me. “The young Isaac when the light ray entering the prism is disliked his stepfather and circular, which is to say, the prism Maintained some enmity towards his refracts different colors by different mother for marrying him”. From the age angles. This led him to conclude that of twelve to seventeen Newton was color is a property intrinsic to light—a educated at The King's School, point which had been debated in prior Grantham which taught him Latin but no years. From 1670 to 1672, Newton
lectured on optics. During this period he investigated -
the refraction of light, demonstrating that the multicolored spectrum produced by a prism could be recomposed into white light by a lens and a second prism. Modern scholarship has revealed that Newton's analysis and resynthesize of white light owes a debt to corpuscular alchemy. In 1679, Newton returned to his work on mechanic considering gravitation and its effects on the orbit of planets with reference to Kepler law of planetary motion. The Principia was published on 5 July 1687 with encouragement and
financial help from Edmond Halley. Newton stated the three universal law of motion. These laws describe the relationship of any object and force acting upon it and the resulting motion. He work hard to find out thing that even other scientist can’t find out, working on other thing help him become a better scientist, Albert Einstein said “ he is the greatest” because of that he become a better scientist every day. He was one of the greatest scientist. Sadly, he die on March 31, 1727 because of natural causes.
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Mr. Clean… Invention… a scientist. Not all scientists only study stuff there are scientists out there that invent stuff too! One of them is the amazing WILLIS WHITFIELD! He invented the clean room in 1962. Willis was born on December 6, 1919 in Rosedale, Oklahoma. He was 92 when he died. The date when he died was November 12, 2012. He graduated high school in 1937. He went to college at Brantley-Draughon College in Ft. Worth, and he received a B.S. in Physics and Math in 1952. The invention was patented in 1964. He began working at Sandia Labs in 1954, and retired in 1984. His nickname was “Mr. Clean.” His famous quote was “I thought about dust particles. Where are these rascals generated? Where do they go?” Whitfield, the son of Texas cotton farmers, became a
physicist. Shortly after the laminar-flow cleanroom invention’s 50th anniversary, he died. With very few modifications, his invention is still the
Willis Whitfield
standard. Whitfield is among 15 inventors being inducted this year into the Alexandria, Va. National Inventors Hall of Fame. Hiswork will be honored at a Washington, D.C.-area celebration in May. “The technological solution that Willis Whitfield designed for the laminar-airflow clean room is illustrative of the long tradition of innovative research at Sandia National Laboratories. Willis’s invention has stood the test of time, making the modern
microelectronics industry possible,” acting Sandia Vice President and Chief Technology Officer Julia Phillips said. “It’s that same type of ground-breaking interdisciplinary research that advances the frontiers of science and engineering and enables our national security mission at Sandia.” When Whitfield announced the invention in 1962, researchers and industrialists didn’t believe it, but in a few years, $50 billion worth of laminar-flow cleanrooms were built worldwide and Whitfield had been named “Mr. Clean”. Belva Whitfield said her late husband was always modest about his invention and the credit he received didn’t change the unassuming scientist. “This honor means a great deal to me,” she said. “It is hard to say how proud I am
because I don’t think words enough to express my feelings are.” In 1959, nuclear weapons components. “Mainly mechanical switching parts, were becoming smaller and microscopic dust particles were preventing Sandia from achieving the quality needed, Sandia historian” Rebecca Ullrich said. The practice at the time was too tightly seal cleanrooms, wear protective clothing and vacuum often, but still contaminants entered the room and particles interfered with the precise work. Whitfield’s solution was to constantly flush out or “sweep” a room with highly filtered air. In an initial model, Whitfield designed a
workbench along one wall. Clean air entered the room from a bank of filters that were 99.97 percent efficient in removing particles
Clean Room larger than 0.3 microns. For example, cigarette smoke blown in one side comes out the other as clean air. The resulting linear speed of the air is slightly more than 1 mph, which is about the same as that felt
walking through a still room. In a later modification, the air was passed down over the work area instead of across, letting gravity help carry troublesome particles into the floor, which was covered with grating. Filters underneath clean the air and it is circulated back around to re-enter the room. That is why I chose this important scientist for my project. I chose him because my dad helped me find a scientist to write about, and this is what I chose because my dad works there as an engineer. I am glad my dad helped me find Willis because I think the he is interesting.
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By, Natalia Baca She was the type of girl who liked to be nucleus. She had gotten the award of the Nobel laureate outside and being around her family. She really liked in physics is in 1963. During 1960, Goeppert-Mayer doing science and caring about school. The whole time was appointed to a position as a professor of physics at she knew she wanted to do the University of California at something big. Maria Mayer This is Maria when she was a little San Diego. During her was a theoretical physicist and, younger and she is the intelligent husband’s time at the University woman who created the nuclear shell Nobel laureate in physics for model of the atomic nucleus. of Chicago Goeppert-Mayer proposing the nuclear shell volunteered to become an model of the atomic nucleus. associate professor of physics at Maria Mayer was born June 28th the school. in 1906 she lived in Kattowitz, Within a few months Germany. She grew older and of her arrival when the nearby went to school she loved school Argonne national laboratory and loved learning new things. was founded on July 1, 1946, She was very thankful for being Goeppert-Mayer was offered a able to go to the university, part-time job there’s a senior because most girls don’t have physics in the theoretical that chance. physics division. This was the In 1924 she got enrolled to the first time in her career that’s he University of Gottingen. She had was working and paid at a level the intention of becoming a commensurate with her training mathematician. Then she had and expertise. Two years later realized she was a physics person. She then became a she made the breakthrough that earned her tremendous physics. The thing that had made her so famous was is, fame and respect in her field. her being a proposing Nobel laureate in physics for proposing the Nuclear shell model of the atomic
It was during her time at Chicago and Argonne that she developed a mathematical model for the structure of nuclear shell. With Edward teller she conducted inquiries about the resource of the elements, and noticed the repetition of seven. She was an absolute amazing scientists because of the things she did like this. She is intelligent because she liked school and most kids when they are young don’t want to go to school and they expect to get older and get a perfect job and get a lot of money. She actually wanted to go to school every day and always wanted to graduate and she did, she graduated and went to college and she didn’t complain because she wanted to be there and she liked it. She went to school for one thing and she thought it didn’t fit her so she didn’t complain and just quit she went to do the thing she wanted. She did something big.
This is the model that Maria Mayer made that won her a Nobel Prize in physics.
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Close your eyes. Now imagine the room you are in. Can you place where everything is? You can do it cant you. Now I want you to explain why you know this. Nothing. That’s what I thought. You can map a room but you don’t know why! Well, thanks to John O’Keefe, now we can explain the inexplicable.
Little did he know that his education and experience coupled with his tenacity would catapult him straight to great things?
About that, his place cell discovery is by far the highlight of his career. Did you know that anytime a mammal is in a specific place in a room, they have a specific set of nerve cells that will signal in the It all started on a cold November hippocampus? When they move to a day. Born on November 18, 1939 in New different part of the room, a different set York City O’Keefe was the son of recent Irish will signal, therefore create a map of the immigrants. He spent most of his early days room. This discovery was made by O’Keefe in New York. O’Keefe graduated from Regis in 1971. It was the first discovery of its kind! High School in 1957. He After his discovery, John then received a bachelor O’Keefe said the following. from the city college of “The discovery of the New York, and a brain’s positioning system doctorate from McGill represents a paradigm shift University under mentor in our understanding of how Ronald Melzak. Shortly ensembles of specialized after receiving this cells work together to degree, O’Keefe began execute higher cognitive his work at the US functions. It has opened National Institute for new avenues for Mental Health. It was a understanding other perfect precursor to all cognitive processes, such as of the Hippocampal memory, thinking and research that O’Keefe planning.” In other words Brains are a maze that John would do later in his his discovery has led us to O’Keefe helped us find our way career. It also gave him broader knowledge of the out of. a great platform for brain and its immense cranial cell discovery. powers. Not only did
O’Keefe discover these place cells, he is a very accomplished neuroscientist and professor. He teaches at the University College in London, England. He teaches cognitive neuroscience in the department of cell and developmental biology. What privileged students to have a Nobel Prize winner as a professor!
During the year of 2014, O’Keefe won the Nobel Prize for Physiology and medicine. The Moser power couple MayBritt and Edvard had discovered the rest of the place cell system. They made this discovery in 2005. These three amazing individuals all share this award. Therefore, as the Mosers are a team, John O’Keefe owns half of the 2014 Nobel Prize for physiology and medicine. Along with his Nobel Prize, O’Keefe has won other awards
throughout his long career. In 2006, he won the Grawemeyer award. This is a prestigious award granted by the University of Louisville to five individuals annually. He shared this one In Psychology and science with Lynn Nadel. He also received the Gruber prize in 2008. It was for the field of neuroscience. He did not share this one. It was for his discovery place cells, just like his two other awards.
In conclusion, over the years, O’Keefe has won some major awards, and discovered a mental GPS! Without his research and revelation we may not know half of what we do today. All in all, John O’Keefe is a very accomplished neuroscientist and perfectly fits the title STEM Celebrity.
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Working UP By: Suzanne Lopez Most of people who get attention are
by Stanford University, Morgan Park High
the people who are in the movies or on
School, and Cornell University Medical
television. How did people get to where
College. After she finished school all of her
we are today? People discover new
hard work paid off. She became one of the
things and make new accomplishments.
most successful physicists and was the first
This is like Mae Carol Jemison. She
African American to go to outer space. On
wanted to explore space, see new
the same note of school she graduated with
things and become even more educated
honors.
than she already is. So she became a
extracurricular activities. After she finished
successful physicist and astronaut.
all of her education and experience she
She
was
always
included
in
needed she applied at NASA and went into training for outer space. When she applied, she was one of fifteen chosen out of a group of two-thousand. Mae Jemison was raised with her Mom, Dad, sister, and her brother. Her Mom, Dorothy Green Jemison, was an Amazing Mae Jemison
elementary school teacher. As for her Dad,
Mae Jemison was born in
Charlie Jemison, he was a carpenter. Her
Alabama when she was three she moved
sister, Ada Jemison Bullock, became a child
Amazing Chicago, Illinois.Mae She Jemison. was born October 17,
physiatrist. Her brother, Charles Jemison,
1956. Mae was a very dedicated and hard
became a real estate broker. Her family is
working girl when she had to go to school.
very successful in their careers. While
When she was in school she was educated
Mae’s parent’s kids were in school they
were supportive and proud of their children.
After she retired from her job
I think that is why Mae was always
at astronaut corps she accepted a teaching
determined to do her very best and knew
fellowship
she was supported every step she went.
established the Jemison Group, a company
at
Dartmouth.
She
also
that seeks to research, develop and market advanced technologies. So this is how Mae Mae Jemison after she came back
Jemison has lived her life and she has done
from outer space she received multiple
an amazing job. The world is waiting to see
rewards. She is a very noble, brave, and
what else this amazing person will do.
exciting person. She also worked very hard to be where she is today. To be one of the first to go to space and on top of that she was one out of fifteen to get a job at NASA. I know if I wanted to be in the same area of expertise I would look up at Mae Jemison as a great role model. Even if you wouldn’t
“What we find is that if you have a goal that is very, very far out, and you approach it in little steps, you start to get there faster. Your mind opens up to the possibilities.” ~Mae Jemison
like her exact job you could do something relevant to her job or just look up to her.
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Changing Faces By: Virginia Smith
He was the man who discovered that all species on life have descended over time from common ancestries. He was also the man who was given the title “The Father of Evolution”. That’s right! He is one of the best STEM scientists ever. He is Charles Darwin. This man made one of the most amazing discoveries that changed human existence. He discovered evolution. Charles Darwin was born into a very successful family. He got a good education but wasn’t always the best student in school. He didn’t enjoy school very much. He’d rather spend his time outside looking and exploring the wonderful outdoors. Once Darwin got older he realized his passion for geology and nature. Charles Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 at The Mount Shrewsberry, United Kingdom. Since that date there has been amazing discoveries. Sadly everyone knows that if there is a birth there also must be a death. Darwin died on April 19, 1882 at the Down House, Downe, United Kingdom.
Darwin’s first collage was the University of Edinburgh Medical where he studied medicine. He found lectures dull and surgery distressing so Darwin neglected his studies. His father got very mad and sent him to different school, Christ’s Collage, which was a school where you become a priest. Since Darwin didn’t qualify for the higher education classes he joined the ordinary degree course. He preferred the outdoors over his studies. His cousin and he started collecting beetles. He was so good at this that his collections were mentioned in different magazines. He even became friends with John Stevens Henslow, a famous botanic professor. In 1831 he graduated as one of the best students in his class. His mentor Henslow asked him to join him on their 5-year expedition around the world. On December 27, 1831 Darwin set foot on the HMS Beagle. The ship was to leave for an expedition to chart the coastline of South America. They sailed via Cap Verde to Brazil and continued all the way around
the southern tip of South America to the Galapagos Islands. Charles Darwin loved the Galapagos Islands and wanted to do his research studies on it. From there on they went to Australia, South Africa, back to Brazil and finally going back home to England. After his return in 1836 Darwin began to write up his findings in the Journal of Researches. These last five years
were: Francis Darwin, George Darwin, Morrace Darwin, Leonard Darwin, Charles Waring Darwin, William Erasmus Darwin, Anne Darwin, Henrietta Linchfield, Elizabeth Darwin, and Mary Eleanor Darwin. His parents were Robert Darwin and Susannah Darwin. Darwin was born into a wealthy family and he had a pretty ordinary childhood. Awards and Honors
This is evolution. It’s where people and animals change over time.
had a monumental effect on his view of natural history. He developed a revolutionary theory about the origin of living beings, which was very different from the view of other naturalists at that time. Darwin believed that all living beings gradually evolved from common ancestors. Other naturalists believed that all species were created over the course of natural history. Darwin introduced his revolutionary theory of evolution in a letter that was read at the Linnean Society. A year later he had published his theory in his work On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection.
Darwin was a very talented man. He got very many awards and honors. Some of these are the Royal Medal, Copley Medal, and the Wollaston Medal. He devoted his lifetime to his belief and died at his family home in London on April 19, 1882. Only during the next centuries, DNA studies discovered evidence of Darwin’s theory of evolution. “A man who dares to waste one hour of time has not discovered the value of life.” -Charles Darwin
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Glass Ceiling Faith Carabajal Nature is a beautiful thing. Rachel Carson thought so also.
Rachel and writing were two peas in a pod. She
With the ocean so blue, flowers and trees so colorful, and
stared writing from a very young age and kept writing her
animals so alive, we usually take nature for granted. We
whole life. Her book Silver Spring had made news lines
can easily think of nature as everyday life. Rachel saw it for
like “silent spring is now noise summer!” Also she had
how it is, simply magnificent. Rachel Carson was born on
books like “Under Sea Wind”, “The Sea around Us”, “The
May 27 1907 in the beautiful town of Springdale,
Edge of the Sea” and “The Sense of Wonder.” These
Pennsylvania. Her mother raised her with a along love of
books were mostly about the living world and oceanic point
nature. First, as a writer and later became a student of
of view. All of her stories taught people and helped people
marine biology.
understand the world around them. She also wrote many
Curiosity… lots of people have it, but how many people take advantage of it? Rachel fell in love with the
articles and wrote radio scripts for the bureau of fisheries. Rachel Carson broke the glass ceiling when she
living world and how it effects everyone in the world. In
decided to get a major in the chemistry, which no girl had
1932 she graduated with a MA in marine zoology then went
done before. She went to John Hopkins University and
off to study at the bureau of fisheries. She wrote articles
walked out with a major in Marine Zoology. She became a
on natural history of the Chesapeake Bay.
She later
part-time instructor at John Hopkins University in Maryland.
finished “undersea” for the Atlantic Monthly. After a while
She had a temporary job at the U.S bureau of fisheries and
she became staff biologist for the U.S fish and wildlife
later became a full time employee at the fish and wildlife
surface.
service (FWS). That further led her to her writing and
editing profession. Then the FWS had her as the editor
funding of science since World War II. She was
and chief for the informational position.
concerned about pesticides and environmental poisons. A
“Those who dwell among the beauties and mysteries of the earth are never alone or weary of life” This is one of the many quotes by Rachel Carson. Another popular quote by Rachel is “One way to open your eyes is
pesticide is defined as: “a substance used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to animals”. She was against the spraying programs. Sadly we had to say goodbye to this role model
to ask yourself, “What if I had never seen this before? What
in history she left us at an early age of fifty- one. She was
if I knew I would never see it again? Rachel’s writings are
diagnosed with breast cancer in 1957 and after a long hard
credited with advancing the global environmental
fight with this cancer it reached her liver and she had a
movement. Her widely praised 1951 bestseller The Sea
heart attack and passed on April 14, 1964 in her lovely
Around Us, won her a U.S.
home of Silver Spring, Maryland. This
National Book Award.
legend will always be remembered and known for breaking that glass
In the mid 1940’s,
ceiling that broke the barrier for all
Carson had become concerned
women in the United States.
about the use of synthetic pesticides, many of which had been developed from military
This is our lovely Rachel Carson
This is our lovely Rachel Carson
It is Rocket Science! By: Esther Williams
Growing up in Alaska and Montana in Bachelor of Science degree in the 1970’s was hard. You were always Aerospace Engineering. Jason, her doing farm work like milking cows, brother, is now a geologist, working in feeding pigs, harvesting crops, and Singapore, and Sabrina is now an many other jobs. There was barely any aerospace engineer. She has been part time for homework. There weren’t very of 4 missions and has only been in the good schools and yet, Sabrina Herrin, business for 21 years. This is quite my mother, was surprising, knowing successful. She that most missions attended USC in LA take about a decade to during the Rodney King complete. The riots (1992), where more missions’ names are people were worried STP-S26, ORS-3, about their safety rather TSX-5, and STP-1. than school and The rockets she studying. Buildings were launched her missions being set on fire, on were the Minotaur protesters lined the IV, the Minotaur I, the streets, but, despite the Atlas 5, and the conditions, Sabrina Pegasus. Her main job Herrin went on to be a is to make sure all of very successful the satellites are aerospace engineer. working correctly, to Sabrina Herrin standing by the create the launch route Minotaur IV Sabrina was born April and separation, and to 4th, 1971. Her father’s work out all final mistakes. It is an name was Dennis and her mother’s extremely important job, if no one was name was Nancy. When Sabrina was 5 doing this or she messed up one tiny her father died in a very unfortunate thing, the whole launch could explode, plane crash. Her mother was supporting causing billions of dollars to go down the their whole family, which meant Sabrina drain. All of her launches have been and her younger brother, Jason had a successful. One of the payloads she ton more work to do. They did grow up worked on, which was part of STP-1, on a farm which was tough. They had was STPsat-1. In March, 2009 it lots and lots of work to do but that didn’t provided us with unique measurements stop either of them. Sabrina went to of middle atmospheric hydroxyl, polar college at USC and graduated with a
mesospheric clouds and the low latitude ionosphere which were needed by the Naval Research Laboratory. STP-S26 launched with eight payloads, which were all successful. ORS-3 and TSX-5 were also very successful. In conclusion, Sabrina Herrin has accomplished many things with her career and is the best mom ever. She
has launched 5 missions which would take a normal aerospace engineer 50 years, but not Sabrina, It took her 21! She also graduated with a degree. Even after all the riot drama, even after growing up on a farm. She is truly amazing! The fate of every mission she faces in her career is in her hands. No wonder all of her missions were successful!
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Unlike many other famous STEM celebrities Joseph Banks was well educated and was born into a wealthy environment on February 13, 1743. Not following the path of his father and becoming a doctor, Banks craved knowledge. Throughout his life Banks loved exploring the natural world; he was very fascinated with finding specimens and observing them he would observe them for hours. Banks was interested in plants that could be used for practical purposes and be introduced to new countries so they could get noticed, he would promote other scientist careers and sent many botanists to go discover and explore places to find new plants and extend the collection. Banks passion for botany began at school. As a Schoolboy Banks loved to roam and find specimens well other
schoolboys would make portraits with botanical prints. At age seventeen Banks enrolled into Oxford University. During the century Banks was in school wasn’t meant to learn about natural sciences. Banks still used his own money to pay for a course for botany. Soon after that he left the university without a degree and went on to explore the natural world. At the age of twenty one in London Banks started to associate with others interested in the sciences. He was a corresponded with the great taxonomist Linnaeus. In 1766 Banks was elected to be a part of the Royal Society and was the youngest person to be elected. His membership in the Society Banks became the naturalist on a voyage to the South Seas with James Cook to observe the Transit of Venus and to also explore a map what was then believed to be the southern content Australia. In Australia Banks and his fellow botanist
David Solander collected over thirty thousand specimens of previously unknown plants and more than thirty six hundred new species which was one of the most extensive and important botanical collections in history. After his expedition with cook Banks lead the first British scientific expedition to Iceland. Banks had numerous plants named after him like an Australian Genus of trees Banskia, the Blechnum Banskia a coastal fern, Cordyline Banskii one of the species known as cabbage trees, Pterostylis Banskii a ground orchid, Freycinetia Banskii the screw pine or kiekie, Astelia Banskii a large tussock plant with sword like leaves, and the Senecio Banskii a yellow flowered daisy. Botany Bay was named in honor of them. Their return to England after the voyage Cook and Banks became well known. Banks continued his career in England and went on smaller scope voyages and became the unofficial scientific advisor for King George III. He encouraged other botanists to go and
obtain specimens for the royal garden. Which is known as the Royal Botanic Gardens and it holds one out of eight known species of plants in the world. Banks became the founder Horticultural Society. In 1778 He was elected to be president of the Royal Society. He held the position for forty two years until he died on June 19, 1820. He promoted the breadfruit to British sugar cane planters so they could feed their slaves. Learning from Banks the Royal Society sponsored a voyage of the Bounty to transport breadfruit to Jamaica and the British West Indies. Although the first voyage ended in munity, a second voyage was successful and the crop grew in its new location but the breadfruit was never accepted as a food. Although he was not well known, Banks love for botany helped him become a successful botanist going on great voyages, discovering new species, becoming the Royal Society President, and put a lot of specimens in one of the most well-known botanical gardens
Never stop! By: Dj Tanner
I was scrolling through websites and I found her. She caught my eye. Why would she be so exciting over all these other big name scientists were not? So I clicked on her picture and when I did, it exploded! My eyes going crazy trying to read it all. My heart beating a million beats a minute. I was so excited I finally found her. She was the perfect scientist.
This is very rare for African Americans to attend college at this time. It was still the struggle of the civil rights movement. Shirley, was surprised about how lonely it would be. Not just from all the boys, but the girls too "The irony is that the white girls weren't particularly working with me, either." She tells science magazine “I had to work alone and I went through a down period. But, at some In Washington D. level you have to decide C., on August 5 1946, you will persist in what Shirley Jackson was you're doing and you born and from that day won't let people beat forward, she changed you down.” Shirley the world. Her mother Shirley Jackson pushed through the and father have always loneliness, and her encouraged her to do her best. Her science discovery’s enriched. father even said “Aim for the stars, so that you reach the tree tops, and at least Now you are probably all you can get off of the ground.” Shirley wondering why is she so important why I had a gift for science ever since she am reading about her. She is important was a kid. She got really interested in because she used theories and finding out how things work. Her parents mathematics to predict the existence of always encouraged her to do higher subatomic particles and the forces that programs of mathematics and science. blind them together. She was the first She got straight A’s in high school and African American to receive a doctorate was a valedictorian in her high school in any field from the Massachusetts class. Institute of Technology. She was also the first woman/African American to Shirley went to collage at serve as a chair of the Nuclear Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Planet Bucks Regulatory Commission. In 2001, Shirley was the first African American woman to be elected for the National Academy of Engineering. Wow this is a good cause of never stoping! Shirley got numerous awards over her lifetime so if I have not sold you yet that she is a really a great scientist, here is the proof. She got the Thomas Alva Edison Science Award, The New Jersey Governors award in Science, The Golden Torch Award, The Black Engineer of the Year Award. She was placed in the National Women’s Hall of Fame, and the Woman in Technology International Hall of Fame. She was named in the “Top 50 Most Important Woman in Science. And she was also appointed to President Obama’s Council of Advisers on Science and Technology. Now even the President thinks she is a great scientist, and you have to in order to work in the White House. Now, I know I have thrown a lot of information at you all at once, but you need to know that Shirley Jackson was a brilliant S.T.E.M (science, technology, engineering,and mathematics) and she did not care what skin color she was or what people thought of her. She worked hard, and maybe she missed out on hanging out with her friends, or playing
sports that she wanted to play but all that hard work and persistence all paid off and now she is about to look back on her life and say she is happy of what she did and would not change her life. I think that Shirley Jackson is a great role model to follow. I would say it was if she was calling me toward that page so that I could let the world (or the people who read this) know about Shirley Jackson.
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DNA A BY: Maria Peterson
Have you ever wondered how and 15, wanting to be a scientist she got who collected information on DNA??! her education from several schools It’s been over fifty one years since including ST. Paul’s Girls School British scientist Rosalind Franklin (1931died. Franklin died of ovarian cancer 1938), Newnham college Cambridge at age 37. Although she died young (1938), and university of Cambridge she made a huge contribution to (1945). There she learned understanding the structures of DNA, crystallography viruses, and (Rosalind Franklin lokking at DNA and x-ray elemental fibers) diffraction carbon. Rosalind techniques by was born on July Jacques Mering 25, 1920 in which are Notting Hill, applied on DNA London. She died fibers. On one on April 16, 1958 photograph it in Chelsea, provided insights London .Rosalind into DNA Franklin was structure she born in a influent excelled in science there. Then and influential Jewish family. She Franklin enrolled at Newnham showed exceptional intelligence College Cambridge in 1938. She knowing at age studied chemistry. In 1941, she was awarded second class honors in finals and earned Bachelor’s degree. Then went to work as assistant research
byb
officer at British coal worker research pictures of DNA and found out there association were she studied the are two forms of DNA. A dry A form porosity of coal. In fall 1946, Rosalind and a wet B form one of the B forms was appointed at laboratory central photograph 51 became famous of des services chimiques de I"etat in evidence of DNA structure. Later Paris she worked at This is crystallography x-ray Rosalind went on and crystallographer. In taught chemistry and addition Rosalind physics after her and pioneered the use of Raymond gosling x-rays to create recounting the images of crystalized discovery of DNA they solids in analyzing were awarded the complex. In January Nobel Prize 4 years 1951, Franklin started working as a after Rosalind had died. The Nobel research associate at Kings College prize rules limit the number of people London in biophysics unit .Her any award to three and also the teacher John Randall was intrigued by award has to go to someone who is x-ray diffraction techniques. Franklin still alive so it turned out Rosalind and Raymond Gosling made an wasn’t eligible for the Nobel prize. amazing discovery they had taken
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Color By Pedro One Some where in the U.S around the 1960s one of the most famous scientist has just sold his product! This award winning scientist has sold hid product in one of the world’s biggest countries. He has just sold a special adapter that allows TV to be shown in color! Wow color TV that’s so cool no I can hear the sarcasm. This may be not big to you buy without him you would gray TV boring. Now you ask his name.. His name is Guillermo Gonzalez Camarena ya that sounds like a very Mexican name but wait I though a white guy invented color TV. Let me tell you this man is not white he’s Hispanic.
became a regular member of the, Astronomical Society of Mexico. In 1934 he made his own television camera and he was only seventeen years old! As he kept working he started to invent the Trichromatic Sequential Fields System witch allows black and white TV to be shown in color he made this adapter when he was only twenty three years old! About ten to twenty years later Guillermo was called in by the Colombia collage of Chicago requested for him to to design there television. So he travelled to Chicago and made the transmitter in there TV and placed it between a volcanoes ONLY 15$ PER HOUR for Popocatepetl and Iztaccihuatl
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Guillermo Gonzalez camarena was born in Mexico 1917, feb,in Guadalajara. at they age of two he moved to Mexico city as he grew up he loved to build electronica toys and started his lab in his basement .he loved to create things. At the age of 12 he made his own amateur radio. in 1930 he enrolled in Escuela Superior de Ingenería Mecánica y Eléctrica (School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineers, ESIME). Later at the Instituto Politécnico Nacional (National Polytechnic Institute, IPN); he obtained his first radio license. Two years late. He was also an avid stargazer; he built his own telescope and
Later when he was finally going to publish his color television project he Simplified Bicolor System in nineteen-sixtyrhree, which was well received internationally, to solve the economic aspect for future buyers. He presented his simplified bicolor system in the World Fair of New York. About two years later in the year of nineteensixtythree in April eighteenth he died in a traffic collision when returning from a trip in las, lajas, Veracruz when he was inspecting a transmission on channel five and that is were he suffered his death. He only died at the age of forty-eight.
About three decades later there was a group formed in nineteen-ninedy three by a
multidisciplinary group searching to find the talent and creativity of Mexican inventors. they
formed this group because they wanted to find people who could invent something like Guillermo. In the end Guillermo Gonzalez did succeed in his dream and made us watch television much
more colorful he spent his life on this project and made many people happy with his new inventions even tho lots of people didn’t believe that he could invent colored television he never gave up. Thank you Mr. Camareana.
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Oh Nucleus! By: Terrence Liverpool
There have been many stem scientists throughout
the
years.
Some
of
these
growing up to pay for more prestigious schools. Instead, during his childhood, he
scientists came from a time
went
to
of war known as World War
Manchester's
2. With the help of these
Central Grammar
people the U.S. Were able to
school for boys
build nuclear and atomic
where he enjoyed
bombs.
math and physics.
These
people
devoted their time and effort
Unlike
to research and work on how
famous scientists,
to build the perfect bomb.
James
One of these people was
received a full and
born in Bollington, United
privileged
Kingdom
named
James
of the atom and the neutron.
Chadwick
education
Chadwick. Most important for the study and discovery
many
someone James Chadwick was born in the United Kingdom
Why was James Chadwick such an important scientist? First of all, Sir James Chadwick was born in October 20, 1891 in Bollington, UK.
for who
grew up poor. He went
to
Manchester High School then, Manchester University. Chadwick started university in 1908, aged 17 and by the time he was 19, he was in the final year of his physics degree. Graduated from Honors
His father was Joseph, a railway storekeeper
School Physics and worked in a physics
and mother, Anne a domestic servant.
laboratory
Unfortunately, his family was too poor
Rutherford. In the laboratory he worked on
under
Professor
(later
lord)
various radioactivity problems. Later he
received his M.S.C degree and started to
been an important part of human research
experiment with the atom and the neutron.
and very much benefited mankind. Thanks to
During that time, there was speculation
Sir James Chadwick we have the Neutron…
whether or not there was some sort of
Oh Neutron!
neutron within an atom. Chadwick was curious enough to know. Through research and experimentation Chadwick was able to
“I have already mentioned Rutherford’s
prove the existence of the neutron. His
suggestion that there might exist a neutral
research soon began to help in building the
particle formed by the close combination of a
atomic bomb. He led the British Manhattan
proton and an electron, and it was at first
Project to help the U.S. Build nuclear bombs
natural to suppose that the neutron might be
for WWII.
such a complex particle. On the other hand, a structure of this kind cannot be fitted into the
James Chadwick received the Nobel Prize for physics and the Hughes Medal (Royal Society). He also became honorary fellow to Institutions and other Universities of Reading. He soon died in July 24, 1974 in Cambridge, UK
scheme of the quantum mechanics,… the statistics and spins of the lighter elements can only be given a consistent description if we assume that the neutron is an elementary particle.”
but his research lives on. The nucleus had
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March 27, 1845, Remscheid, Germany Wilhelm Conrad roentgen was born not knowing he could change the world, When he was three years old, his family moved to Apeldoorn in The Netherlands, where he went to the Institute of Martinis Herman van Door, a boarding school. Loved nature and was often found roaming the open country forests and fields but one day experimenting with electricity Wilhelm found something that changed the world he experimented more and realized how to use it. He found that the lights go through the soft shin but not the hard bone they even found that lights did not go through the ring as well. Wilhelm Conrad roentgen attended at university of Zurich, instate of marine van doom Herman. And has won the Nobel Prize of physics in 1901. Wilhelm
Conrad roentgen 8 November 1895, produced and detected electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range known as X-rays. =Rontgen married Anna Bertha Ludwig of Zürich, whom he had met in the café run by her father. She was a niece of the poet Otto Ludwig. They married in 1872 in Apeldoorn, The Netherlands. They had no children, but in 1887 adopted Josephine Bertha Ludwig, then aged 6, daughter of Mrs. Rontgen’s only brother. Four years after his wife, Rontgen died at Munich on February 10, 1923, from carcinoma of the intestine. He also liked open fields and forests, he also liked nature a lot. Wilhelm Conrad roentgen discovery of x-ray changed the world we take x-ray for garnet but without it we would not be able to tell if your bone was broken. You could be walking around with a
broken arm and not know what was wrong. Think have you ever broken a bone? If it wasn’t for Wilhelm Conrad roentgen you would still be walking around with a broken arm or leg, take a second to think about
First x-ray machine
First X-ray
that. That is why Wilhelm Conrad roentgen is a Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. Celebrity he is not like any singer or sports star but he changed the world by creating X-radiation
Wilhelm Conrad roentgen
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