Current trends in signal processing (vol4, issue1) by STM Journals Publication

Current Trends in Signal Processing (CTSP)

ISSN: 2321-4252

Jan - April 2014

STM JOURNALS Scientific

Technical

Medical

www.stmjournals.com

STM Publication(s) STM Publication, a strong initiative by Consortium E-Learning Network Private ltd.(Estd. 2006) was launched in the year 2010 under the support and guidance by our esteemed Editorial and Advisory board members from renowned institutes. Objectives of STM Publication(s): †

Scientific, Technical and Medical research promotions.

†

Publication of genuine Research/Review, Short Articles and Case Studies through proper review process.

†

Publishing Special Issues on Conferences.

†

Preparing online platform for other print Journals.

†

Empowering the libraries with online and print Journals in Scientific, Technical and Medical domains.

†

Publishing and distribution of books on various subjects which mainly falls in the category of Nanotechnology, Scientific and technical writing & Environment, Health and Safety.

Salient Features: †

A bouquet of 100+ Journals that fall under Science, Technical & Medical domains.

†

Employs Open Journals System (OJS) A Journal Management & Publishing System.

†

The first and one of the fastest growing publication website in India as well as in abroad for its quality and coverage.

†

Rapid online submission and publication of papers, soon after their formal acceptance/ finalization.

†

Facilitates linking with the other authors or professionals.

†

Worldwide circulation and visibility.

Current Trends in Signal Processing (ISSN: 2321– 4252) Focus and Scope Covers † Electrical Engineering and Signaling † Systems Engineering and Signaling † Applied Mathematics and Signaling † Control System Signals † Telecommunication transmission signals †

Analog & digital signals

† Time varying measurement values & sensor data Current Trends in Signal Processing is published (frequency: three times a year) in India by STM Journals (division of Consortium e-Learning Network Private Ltd. Pvt.) The views expressed in the articles do not necessarily reflect of the Publisher. The publisher does not endorse the quality or value of the advertised/sponsored products described therein. Please consult full prescribing information before issuing a prescription for any products mentioned in this publication. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system or transmitted in any from without written permission of the publisher. To cite any of the material contained in this Journal, in English or translation, please use the full English reference at the beginning of each article. To reuse any of the material, please contact STM Journals (info@stmjournals.com)

STM Journals (division of Consortium e-Learning Network Private Ltd. ) having its Marketing office located at Office No. 4, First Floor, CSC pocket E Market, Mayur Vihar Phase II, New Delhi-110091, India is the Publisher of Journal. Statements and opinions expressed in the Journal reflect the views of the author(s) and are not the opinion of STM Journals unless so stated. Subscription Information and Order: Cost of Journal: — National Subscription: Rs. 3750/- per Journal (includes 3 print issues), Single Issue copy purchase Rs.1500/copy — International Subscription: — Online Only- $99, Print Only-$149 (includes 3 print issues) — Online + Print-$199 (includes 3 print issues + online access of published back volumes )

To purchase print compilation of back issues please send your query at info@stmjournals.com Subscription must be prepaid. Rates outside the India includes speed delivery charges. Prices subject to change without notice. Mode of Payment: At par cheque, Demand draft, and RTGS (payment to be made in favor of Consortium E-Learning Network. Pvt. ltd., payable at Delhi/New Delhi. Online Access Policy A). For Authors: In order to provide maximum citation and wide publicity to the authors work, STM Journals also have Open Access Policy, authors who would like to get their work open access can opt for Optional Open Access publication at nominal cost as follows India, SARC and African Countries: INR 2500 or 100 USD including single hard copy of Author's Journal. Other Countries: USD 200 including single hard copy of Author's Journal. B). For Subscribers: — Online access will be activated within 72 hours of receipt of the payment (working days), subject to receipt of

correct information on user details/Static IP address of the subscriber. — The access will be blocked: — If the user requests for the same and furnishes valid reasons for blocking. — Due to technical issue. — Misuse of the access rights as per the access policy.

Advertising and Commercial Reprint Inquiries: STM Journals with wide circulation and visibility offer an excellent media for showcasing/promotion of your products/services and the events-namely, Conferences, Symposia/Seminars etc. These journals have very high potential to deliver the message across the targeted audience regularly with each published issue. The advertisements on bulk subscriptions, gift subscriptions or reprint purchases for distribution etc. are also very welcome. Lost Issue Claims: Please note the following when applying for lost or missing issues: — Claims for print copies lost will be honored only after 45 days of the dispatch date and before publication of the

next issue as per the frequency. — Tracking id for the speed post will be provided to all our subscribers and the claims for the missing Journals will

be entertained only with the proofs which will be verified at both the ends. — Claims filed due to insufficient (or no notice) of change of address will not be honored. — Change of Address of Dispatch should be intimated to STM Journals at least 2 months prior to the dispatch

schedule as per the frequency by mentioning subscriber id and the subscription id. — Refund requests will not be entertained.

Legal Disputes All the legal disputes are subjected to Delhi Jurisdiction only. If you have any questions, please contact the Publication Management Team: info@stmjournals.com; Tel : +91 0120-4781211.

Publication Management Team Chairman Mr. Puneet Mehrotra Managing Director STM Journals, Consortium eLearning Network Pvt. Ltd.(CELNET) Noida ,India

Group Managing Editor Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director CELNET, Delhi, India

Internal Members Puneet Pandeya Manager Associate Editors Gargi Asha Jha Nupur Anand

Monika Malhotra Assistant Manager Assistant Editors Priyanka Aswal Aditya Sanyal Sona Chahal Himani Garg Himani Pandey

External Members

Dr. Bimlesh Lochab Industrial Tribology Machine Dynamics & Maintenance Engineering Centre (ITMMEC) Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India

Dr. Rajiv Prakash School of Materials Science and Technology, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India

Prof. S. Ramaprabhu Alternative Energy Technology Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai, India

Dr. Rakesh Kumar Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Chemistry, BIT Mesra, Patna, India

STM Journal (s) Advisory Board

Dr. Ashish Runthala

Prof. Bankim Chandra Ray

Lecturer, Biological Sciences Group, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani Rajasthan, India.

Professor and Head, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India.

Dr. Baldev Raj

Prof.D. N. Rao

Distinguished Scientist & Director, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (ICGAR)Kalpakkam, India.

Dr. Baskar Kaliyamoorthy Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology Trichy, India.

Dr. Hardev Singh Virk Professor Emeritus, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, India.

Professor, Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.

Prof. Jugal Kishore Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.

Dr. Pankaj Poddar Scientist, Physical & Materials Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India.

Dr. Nandini Chatterjee Singh Associate Professor, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, India.

STM Journal (s) Advisory Board

Dr. Priyavrat Thareja

Dr. Rakesh Kumar

Head, Materials and Metallurgical Engineering department, PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, India.

Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Chemistry, BIT Mesra, Patna, India.

Dr. Shankargouda Patil

Dr. Shrikant Balkisan Dhoot

Asst. Prof., Department of Oral Pathology, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, India.

Head Research & Development, Nurture Earth R&D Pvt Ltd MIT Campus, Beed bypass road, Aurangabad, India.

Prof. Subash Chandra Mishra

Prof. Sundara Ramaprabhu

Professor, Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Department, NIT, Rourkela, India.

Professor, Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India.

Prof. Yuwaraj Marotrao Ghugal Professor and Head Department, Govt. College of Engineering Station Road, Osmanpura, Aurangabad, India.

Editorial Board

Dr Gunamani Jena ME CSE, PhD, FIE, MIEEE, LMISTE, MCSI, India.

Professor & Head Vinod Kumar Department of Electrical Engineering IIT Roorkee, India.

Dr. Abhijit Mitra Department of EEE, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, India.

Dr. M K Bhuyan Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, IIT Guwahati, India.

Dr. Rajiv Kapoor Delhi Technological University, India.

Prof. Sumana Gupta Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, IndianInstitute of Technology, Kanpur, India.

Director's Desk

STM JOURNALS

I take the privilege to present the hard copy compilation for the [Volume 4 Issue (1)] of Journal of Current Trends in Signal Processing(CTSP). The intension of CTSP is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Signal Processing. The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. CTSP provides an outlet for Research findings and reviews in areas of Signal Processing found to be relevant for National and International recent developments & research initiatives. The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and research in the domain of Signal Processing. Finally, I express my sincere gratitude to the Editorial board members for their continuous support to bring this issue to its present form. Undoubtedly we could not release this issue without the amazing efforts of our Editors/Reviewers and Advisory board members. I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director STM Journals

Current Trends in Signal Processing

Contents

1. Comparative Study of Future Processor Design Models for Energy Efficiency D.H. Ahir, Nikesh A. Shah

2. Devanagari Script Recognition System using Combined Approach Bamb Kalpesh. K, Zope R.G, Sharma K. S

3. Estimation Techniques in Image Restoration - A Survey Approach Swati Singhal, Vandana V. Thakare

4. Jitter Estimation in Voice Taru Aggarwal, Sharda Vashisth

5. Mobility Assistant for Disabled Person Ohm P. Jodhani, Darshan K. Patel, Milan D. Mungara,Viraj K. Gandhi, Ashish M. Kothari

6. Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network Based Person Identification Using Appearance Based Facial Feature Md. Rabiul Islam, Rizoan Toufiq

Current Trends in Signal Processing ISSN: 2321-4252 Volume 4, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Comparative Study of Future Processor Design Models for Energy Efficiency D.H. Ahir1, Nikesh A. Shah2* 1

Government Polytechnic, Rajkot, Gujarat, India Department of Electronics, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India

Abstract This paper describes the comparative analysis of the conceived future many core processor models not only for optimum performance but having the efficient power consumption too. There is a need of the energy efficient parallel cores along with the high throughput and higher performance sequential core to have future competent processors to meet the demand of the Mooreâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s law. One can have homogeneous cores structure as well as heterogeneous cores structure of the processors. The emphasis in this paper is on identifying the processor structure type which is best suited to the future low power requirement. The conclusion of this research paper is to go for heterogeneous structure having one more powerful processor core with many small energy efficient cores to get overall energy efficient processor.

Keywords: Core processor, power consumption, energy efficient, efficient processor

Current Trends in Signal Processing ISSN: 2321-4252 Volume 4, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Devanagari Script Recognition System using Combined Approach Bamb Kalpesh. K*, Zope R.G, Sharma K. S Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, SRES’ College of Engineering, Kopargaon, India Abstract We envisioned serving simple technique with novel idea for the newcomers, working in the Devnagari Optical Character Recognition (DOCR) area. In this system, template matching technique and statistical technique is combinely used for the character recognition. Statistical information is considered as a feature of an image and here pixels values are considered as feature to achieve the recognition. The numbers of comparisons are drastically reduced compared to traditional template matching technique hence performance of the system is improved. The correlation and related methods are used to find images that are similar to a template. The results are compared with results of template matching technique in terms of elapsed time that is time required to recognize the character here. The recognized devanagari characters then translated in to English through Google translator using Matlab which will provide human assistance in different applications. In English OCR results were of such type that’s it can produce technology driven applications. The algorithm used is very effective and can serve as a basis for further research towards other similar Indian scripts.

Keywords: Correlation, devanagari optical character recognition, segmentation, statistical technique, template matching

Current Trends in Signal Processing ISSN: 2321-4252 Volume 4, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Estimation Techniques in Image Restoration - A Survey Approach Swati Singhal*, Vandana V. Thakare Department.of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science, Gwalior, India Abstract In the present paper a comparative study of various estimation techniques based on neural network, MATLAB, partial differential equation (PDE) and other proposed models for image restoration are been discussed. An image may be distorted, noisy or blurred and not suitable for extracting desired information or data, so it needs to be restored for desired application. Image restoration techniques are oriented towards modeling the degradation, blur and noise and applying an inverse procedure to reconstruct the original scene. Some techniques require prior estimation of degradation causes and some are based on neural network based training set. For the dependence on various factors and procedures, these techniques require a comparative evaluation.

Keywords: Image restoration, image deblurring, MATLAB, hough transform, markov random field(MRF), multi-valued neuron(MVN), modified hopfield neural network(MHNN), LAB & RBF neural network, PSNR(peak signal to noise ratio)

Current Trends in Signal Processing ISSN: 2321-4252 Volume 4, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Jitter Estimation in Voice Taru Aggarwal*, Sharda Vashisth Department of Electrical, Electronics and Communication Engineering, ITM University, Gurgaon, India Abstract Jitter is present in brisk perturbations of the vocal cycle lengths and when they are sampled at least at the rate of fundamental frequency they can be observed from one cycle to the next .Voice quality estimation can be done by analyzing jitter since it provides a high association with voice disorders. It also explains the variance of pitch keeps in the allowance of just noticeable difference, which can be attributed to the effect of audible feedback, and it affects the variance of jitter further. This is explained using a mathematical model. The pitch changes with the jitter, and the jitterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s change is limited by the pitch. Jitter is measured using very famous peak detection algorithm which estimates the absolute value of jitter. The jitter in percent defines the relative variance of periods in a voiced speech sound. Pitch is explored to establish its relation with jitter.

Keywords: Jitter, pratt, matlab, pitch

Current Trends in Signal Processing ISSN: 2321-4252 Volume 4, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Mobility Assistant for Disabled Person Ohm P. Jodhani, Darshan K. Patel*, Milan D. Mungara, Viraj K. Gandhi, Ashish M. Kothari Department of Electronics and Communication, Atmiya Institute of Technology & Science, Rajkot, India

Abstract A development of an assistance system on a wheelchair for the physically challenged and handicapped people to compensate their needs of manoeuvrability. This Mobility Assistant accepts the input from the user and accordingly sends command to the wheelchair to traverse around the surrounding. The proposed system will sense the body movement of a person sitting on a wheelchair and then shifts the wheelchair suitably so that it moves towards the desired direction. Further the system can also be upgraded so that it can detect object and obstacle on the way and thus helps it by adding more safety.The system will be self-contained within the wheelchair so that it ensures maximum mobility.

Keywords: Camera module, matlab, image processing, arduino uno

Current Trends in Signal Processing ISSN: 2321-4252 Volume 4, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network Based Person Identification Using Appearance Based Facial Feature Md. Rabiul Islam*, Rizoan Toufiq Department of CSE, RUET, Rajshahi, Bangladesh Abstract This paper deals with secure person identification system using Back-Propagation learning neural network algorithm where appearance based facial feature and Principal Component Analysis based dimensionality reduction technique have been used. To extract the appearance based facial features, Viola-Jones method has used as a face detector, Stamâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s method of Active Shape Model has applied for detecting the facial edges and image pre-processing method has used for eliminating the background noises. For reducing the effect of uneven lighting from the facial images, contrast based edge detector has been used for this work. Principal Component Analysis based reduced facial feature vector are feed to Back-Propagation learning neural network algorithm to create the learned template which is finally used to classify the unknown facial pattern. To measure the performance of the proposed system, extended Yale Face Database has been used which focuses the superiority of the proposed appearance based facial feature for person identification system.

Keywords: Person identification, appearance based facial feature, principal component analysis, back-propagation learning neural network.