Journal of construction engineering, technology and management (vol4, issue2) by STM Journals Publication

Journal of Construction Engineering Technology & Management (JoCETM) Jan - April 2014

ISSN: 2347 - 7253

(JoADMS)

May - August 2014

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Prof. Sundara Ramaprabhu

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Editorial Board Ammar Frederick Al-Bazi Coventry University, United Kingdom.

BaskarKaliyamoorthy Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Trichy-620015 India.

Bibhuti Bhusan Das Sr. Associate Professor, National Institute of Construction Management and Research (NICMAR) Goa Campus Ponda, Goa, India.

Rajindra Kumar Pandit Professor, Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Gwalior 474005, India.

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Yogesh K. Garg Department of Architecture and Planning MANIT, Bhopal.

S. K. Singh Principal Scientist, Structural Engg. Group & AssociateProfessor, AcSIR, CSIR-Central Building Research Institute Roorkee,(Uttarakhand), India.

P. C. Thapliyal Principal Scientist, Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee, India.

Ajay Chourasia Principal Scientist CSIR-Central Building Research Institute Roorkee, India.

Neeraj Jain Scientist, Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee, India.

Harpal Singh Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.

Pradeep Kumar Singh Chauhan CSIR-Central Building Research Institution Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.

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STM JOURNALS

I take the privilege to present the hard copy compilation for the [Volume 4 Issue (2)] Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology & Management (JoCETM) .The intension of JoCETM is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of construction engineering, technology & management . The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. JoCETM provides an outlet for Research findings and Reviews in areas of Construction Engineering, Technology and Management found to be relevant for National and International recent developments & research initiative. The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and research in the domain of Construction Engineering. Finally, I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board and Authors for their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring writeups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality Research/Review findings for our customers base. I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director STM Journals

Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology and Management

Contents

1. Cost Objective Model for Construction Equipment Replacement Policies Raji Al-Ani, Annas Al-Saadie

2. Safety Issues with Tower Crane and Remedial Measures P. S. Gandhak, Rahul Wankhade

3. Stakeholder's Perception of the Causes and Effects of Construction Delays on Project Delivery: A Review P. S. Gandhak, Syed. Sabihuddin

4. Water Permeability of Hybrid Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete M P Singh, S P Singh, A P Singh

5. The Role of Cost Estimation/Tendering in Engineering Projects in Nigeria George N. Osaghae

Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology and Management ISSN: 2249-4723 (online), ISSN: 2347-7253 (print) Volume 4, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Cost Objective Model for Construction Equipment Replacement Policies Raji Al-Ani1*, Annas Al-Saadie2 1

Engineering Project Management, Al-Mustakbal University College 2 Engineering Project Management, Isra University

Abstract Most construction companies, particularly companies whose projects are primarily constructed with earthmoving equipment, depend heavily on their construction equipment fleets, which represent substantial locked capital investment and require acceptable utilization levels to recover expenses incurred and losses from this investment. The equipment, which possesses a finite physical and economic life, inevitably requires replacement, and equipment maintenance costs increase with the equipment life. Different methodologies are employed to establish the replacement schedules of construction equipment, including a cost optimization model that identifies the best schedule for optimizing (minimizing) expenses. This paper investigates the mechanics of one of the most widely used replacement analysis theories and its implementation in a practical and simple mathematical cost optimization model. This research develops an objective function, which utilizes data sheets provided by equipment manufacturers that can be applied to any type of heavy construction equipment. A Matlab program was employed as a decision-making computer-aided tool to assist the project manager or the procurement department in setting the replacement policies for the company projects.

Keywords: construction equipment, earthmoving equipment, optimization model *Author for Correspondence E-mail: raji.alani@yahoo.ca

Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology and Management ISSN: 2249-4723 (online), ISSN: 2347-7253 (print) Volume 4, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Safety Issues with Tower Crane and Remedial Measures P. S. Gandhak1*, Rahul Wankhade2 1

Civil Engineering Dept., P R Patil Institute of Polytechnic, Amravati, India Department of Civil Engineering, Prof. Ram Meghe College of Engg & Management, Badnera, India

Abstract Tower cranes are the focus of execution on today’s typical building construction sites. Tower crane has to hoist and transport a variety of loads near and above people, under crowded conditions, occasionally with overlapping work zones, and often within time, budget, and labor constraints. This leads to the safety risk on sites that are intrinsically hazardous. This paper identifies the major factors affecting safety of tower-crane and evaluates the degree to which each factor influences ongoing safety on site. It uses accidental data on accident alone is ruled out as a source of information due to the countless number of incidents that go unreported, the common inability of accidental data is to provide root causes, as a predictor of accidents. With the limited resources available for safety improvement and accident prevention, greater attention must be paid by all parties involved to those factors evaluated as highly affecting site safety due to towercrane work.

Keywords: tower crane, construction safety, equipment’s, safety practices, standards

Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology and Management ISSN: 2249-4723 (online), ISSN: 2347-7253 (print) Volume 4, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Stakeholder’s Perception of the Causes and Effects of Construction Delays on Project Delivery: A Review P. S. Gandhak1*, Syed. Sabihuddin2 1

Civil Engineering Dept., P R Patil Institute of Polytechnic, Amravati, India Dept. of Civil Engg., Prof. Ram Meghe College of Engineering & Management, Badnera, India

Abstract Indian construction industry is large, volatile, and requires tremendous capital outlays. Typically, the work offers low rates of return in relation to the amount of risk involved. A unique element of risk in the industry is the manner in which disputes and claims are woven through the fiber of the construction process. Delay is generally acknowledged as the most common, costly, complex and risky problem encountered in construction projects. Because of the overriding importance of time for both the owner and the contractor, it is the source of frequent disputes and claims leading to lawsuits. The growing rate of delays is adversely affecting the timely delivery of construction projects. Presently, construction industries are facing a lot of problems, considering that a paper assess construction stakeholder’s perception to the causes of delays and its effects on project delivery. And also one case study is considered in this paper to elicit responses from construction stakeholders. The primary aim of this paper is to identify the perceptions of the different parties regarding causes of delays, the allocation of responsibilities and the types of delays, and method of minimizing the construction delays.

Keywords: delay, project delivery, stake holders, cost over run

Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology and Management ISSN: 2249-4723 (online), ISSN: 2347-7253 (print) Volume 4, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Water Permeability of Hybrid Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete M P Singh, S P Singh*, A P Singh Dr. B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, India Abstract Results of an investigation conducted to study the water permeability of (HySFRC) are presented. Steel fibers of different lengths, i.e., 12.5, 25 and 50 mm having constant diameter of 0.6 mm were systematically combined in different mix proportions to obtain mono, binary and ternary combinations corresponding to 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% fiber volume fractions. A reference concrete mix containing no fibers was also cast for comparison purpose. A total number of 480 cube specimens of size 100 Ă&#x2014; 100 Ă&#x2014; 100 mm were tested for water permeability at 7, 28, 90 and 120 days of curing. Though the compressive strength and split tensile strength tests were also conducted, the results are not reported in this paper. However, the results of compressive strength tests and split tensile tests have been used to arrive at the most appropriate fiber combination. It has, therefore, been observed that a fiber combination of 33% 12.5 mm + 33% 25 mm + 33% 50 mm long fibers can be adjudged as the most appropriate combination to be employed in HySFRC for water permeability, compressive strength and split tensile strength requirements.

Keywords: compressive strength, fiber reinforced concrete, hybrid steel fiber reinforced concrete, water permeability

Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology and Management ISSN: 2249-4723 (online), ISSN: 2347-7253 (print) Volume 4, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

The Role of Cost Estimation/Tendering in Engineering Projects in Nigeria George N. Osaghae* Energy Commission of Nigeria, Plot 701c Central Area, P.M.B. 358 Garki-Abuja, Nigeria Abstract Energy is the bedrock of development of any nations as the overall development of the economy is tied to its energy supply. Despite the potential huge deposit of energy resources in the world, adequate provision of infrastructure to raise the living standard of the people has always been denied. Energy supply contracts most times are stalled due to factors attributable to poor cost planning and failure to adopt a suitable method for price adjustments or incentivized pay and among others as hiring the wrong contractors, setting unrealistic goals, inadequate contract details, inflexible contracts, having limited or poor understanding of expectations, poor project and contract management by the engineers and energy contractors, failure to understand scope or statement of work before bidding or contract negotiations. The beneficial role played by effective cost estimation in contracts which is preceded by a project execution, necessitated the paramount need for this technical paper. This paper discusses cost estimation methods and how various elements of cost estimation are prepared for engineering contracts.

Keywords: cost estimation, tendering, electrical energy, engineering contracts, engineers, consultants