Journal of thermal engineering and applications (vol1, issue2) by STM Journals Publication

eISSN : 2349-8994

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Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications eISSN: 2349-8994 Focus and Scope Covers ? Thermodynamics ? Gas turbines ? Petrochemical processing ? Solar systems, and combustion systems ? Nano-fluids ? Heat Exchangers and heat transfer systems ? Transition to turbulence

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Abdul Khaliq Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Delhi Technological University, (formerly Delhi College of Engineering)

AKM Sadrul Islam Head, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering & Professor, Mechanical & Chemical Engineering Dept. Islamic University of Technology, Gahzipur Bangladesh.

Amar Mullick Professor, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, India.

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Bashar Dan-asabe Shell Chair Office, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.

Chanchal Loha Scientist Thermal Engineering, CSIR- Central Materials Research Institute

Jahar Sarkar Assistant Professor, Indian Institute of Technology â&#x20AC;&#x201C;Banaras Hindu University.

Manish Rathod Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, S.V. National Institute of Technology, Surat.

Manoj Arya Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering , Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal, India.

Om Prakash, Professor Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India.

P Balachander Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, CEG Campus, Anna University, India.

Editorial Board

P R Tailor Department of Mechanical Engineering S. V. National Institute of Technology, Surat India.

P Selvakumar Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSN Engineering College, Tirunelveli, India.

P. Kalaichelvi Associate Professor & Associate Dean-I (Research & Consultancy) Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli India.

Prosejit Das Scientist, CSIR-CMERI & Assistant Professor, CSIR Durgapur, India.

Ramjee Repaka Assistant Professor School of Mechanical Materials and Energy Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Ropar.

Randip Das Professor and Head of the Department, Dept. of Mechanical Engg. Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad India.

Satyabhama Bhat Assistant Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal.

Shailendra Kumar Shukla Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, India.

Sitaram Nekkanti Professor Thermal Turbomachines Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology, Madras.

Sudip Kumar Samanta Principal Scientist NNMT Group & Coordinator, CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute Durgapur, India.

Tapano Kumar Hotta Visiting Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering, Centre of Excellency Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur (IITJ), India.

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STM JOURNALS

I take the privilege to present the print version for the [Volume 1 Issue (2)] of Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications. The intension of Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Thermal Engineering and Applications. The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. JoTEA provides an outlet for relevant research findings and reviews in areas of Thermal Sciences found to be relevant for National and International research initiative. The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and research in the domain of thermal sciences. Finally, I would like to thank Editors and Authors for their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring. I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial board for providing write ups, reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With their continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality Research/Reviews findings for our customers base. I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director STM Journals

Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications

Contents

1. Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Cross Inserts Having Different Pitch Rectangular Cuts Selvakumar P, Jeya Prakash D, Ponramsiva R, Ramesh R

2. Transient Thermal Analysis of Earth Air Heat Exchanger using CFD for Summer Season Dr. O. P Jakhar, Rajendra Kukana

3. Laminar Propagation of Lean-premixed Flames in Meso-scale Tubes Hamisu Adamu Dandajeh

4. Experimental Study on Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Mini Channel Heat Sink using Al2O3/Water Nanofluid P. Selvakumar, Heric J.S., Jeya Praksh D., Giridharan R., Ashok A., Syed Ahamed S.

5. Thermodynamic Design Data of Ammonia-Sodium Thiocyanate Absorption Heat Pump Systems Simultaneous Cooling and Heating using ANN Approach Dheerendra Vikram Singh, Govind Maheshwari

Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications ISSN: 2349-8894 (online) Volume 1, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Cross Inserts Having Different Pitch Rectangular Cuts Selvakumar P, Jeya Prakash D, Ponramsiva R, Ramesh R Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSN Engineering College, Tamilnadu, India-627152

Abstract This work presents experimental investigation of heat transfer enhancement using strip insert with cross configuration having rectangular cut. The heat transfer enhancement study in a circular copper tube of 10 mm internal diameter is carried out using three different inserts. The three inserts are of cross configuration with rectangular cuts of different pitches. The heat transfer enhancement in hydro-dynamically developed and thermally developing fluid region is studied. It is found from the results that the heat transfer rate has improved while using inserts, because of good mixing of fluid particles inside the tube. It is found from the pressure measurements that little pressure drop is also associated with the heat transfer enhancement. Three cross inserts have been used with rectangular cuts of various pitches (15, 20, and 25 mm). Thermal performance factor is determined for the inserts and it is more than one. It is found from the experiments that pressure drop increases while reducing the pitch of rectangular cuts. It is found from this experiment that the insert having 20 mm pitch shows good thermal and hydraulic performance.

Keywords: Cross insert, hydro-dynamically developed, thermally developing, heat transfer enhancement

Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications ISSN: 2349-8894 (online) Volume 1, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Transient Thermal Analysis of Earth Air Heat Exchanger using CFD for Summer Season Dr. O. P Jakhar, Rajendra Kukana* Department of Mechanical Engineering, Govt. Engineering College Bikaner, Rajasthan, India Abstract Energy accumulation in the soil may be used with Earth-Air Tunnel Heat Exchanger (EATHE), which has single tube or groups of tube buried in the ground (soil). In a country like India, there exist big gap in demand and supply of electricity and compels to look for alternative. A thermal model was developed to analyze the thermal energy accumulated in soil/ground for the purpose of room heating and cooling of buildings. In this paper Thermal performance of Earth Air Tunnel Heat Exchanger (EATHE) under transient operating conditions in summer season has been evaluated for predominantly hot and dry climate of Bikaner (India) using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling. Effect of time duration of continuous operation and thermal conductivity of soil on thermal performance of EATHE under transient conditions has been analyzed. EATHE CFD model consist 14.5 m long mild steel, inlet and outlet of PVC 3.5 m depth and 0.1 m diameter with 0.01 m wall thickness. For this analysis two types of soil sandy and sandy loam soil of Bikaner region has been considered. Cooling effect during summer by EATHE analysis has decrease temperature by 17.8°C for Sandy Soil and 13.8°C for Sandy Loam Soil was at air velocity 9 m/sec.

Keywords: Thermal conductivity, CFD, Temperature, Velocity, Density, Earth Air Tunnel Heat Exchanger.

Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications ISSN: 2349-8894 (online) Volume 1, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Laminar Propagation of Lean-premixed Flames in Meso-scale Tubes Hamisu Adamu Dandajeh Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria

Abstract A meso-scale channel was earlier developed [1] for the propagation of laminar lean premixed flames. This paper, therefore, reports the experimental variations of flame speed with inner meso-scale tube diameters (di), equivalence ratio (φ), and mixture flow rate (Q) with methane and propane fuels using the meso-scale channel developed earlier. Based on the flame front history, flame speed (SL) and propagation speed (Ud) were computed at temperature (T) greater than or equal to 300 K. As the theoretical predictions of flame speed suggested SLt = f(φ, T), the experimental values showed instead that SLe = f(Q, T). However, flame propagation speed was found to be dependent on all the three parameters – Ud = f(φ, Q, T). It was then deduced that mixture flow rate (Q) is the dominant factor in predicting SL especially in the range of equivalence ratios of 0.66–0.9. Scaling down the tube diameters was observed to have increasing effect on SL for both fuels but propane was shown to have more flame-front interaction due to its high Lewis number. Conventional flammability limits were extended.

Keywords: Flame propagation, meso-scale, laminar

Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications ISSN: 2349-8894 (online) Volume 1, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Experimental Study on Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Mini Channel Heat Sink using Al2O3/Water Nanofluid P. Selvakumar*, Heric J.S., Jeya Praksh D., Giridharan R., Ashok A., Syed Ahamed S. Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSN Engineering College, Tirunelveli 627152, India

Abstract In this present work, experimental investigation of heat transfer enhancement using Al2O3/water nano fluid in a mini channel heat sink is carried out. Efforts have been undertaken to explore the forced convective heat transfer performance of Al2O3/water nanofluid having 0.1% volume fraction of Al2O3 as the coolant in a copper mini channel heat sink. The mini channel heat sink fabricated consists of 15 parallel rectangular minichannels of length 50mm with a cross-sectional area of 0.8 mm width by 3mm in height for each mini channel. Hydraulic and thermal performances of the nanofluid cooled mini channel heat sink have been assessed for mass flow rates 0.003 to 0.02 Kg/s. It is found from the results that the heat transfer rate has improved to a great extent when we add Al2O3 nano particles to water. The proposed setup of mini channel heat sink gives out the good results with a gradual increase in heat sink convective heat transfer coefficient and gradual reduction of heat sink temperature against increase in volume flow rates of Al2O3/water nanofluid.

Keywords: mini channel heat sink, electronic cooling, convective heat transfer coefficient and Al2O3/water nanofluid

Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications ISSN: 2349-8894 (online) Volume 1, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Thermodynamic Design Data of Ammonia-Sodium Thiocyanate Absorption Heat Pump Systems Simultaneous Cooling and Heating using ANN Approach Dheerendra Vikram Singh1*, Govind Maheshwari2 1

Shri Vaishnav Institute of Technology & Science, Indore, India Institute of Engineering & Technology - DAVV, Indore, India

Abstract The aim of this study is to train neural network which predict thermodynamic design data without involving role of thermodynamic properties, temperature concentration complex relationship and formula of coefficient of performance. Authors have presented values of weights and bias obtained from the trained ANN through which one can formulate mathematical equations for predicting thermodynamic design data. Authors have achieved coefficient of multiple determinations R2 as 0.99999, 0.99997 and 0.99953 for solution concentration in absorber, generator and enthalpy-based coefficient of performance respectively which are quite satisfactory to validate ANN approach for this study.

Keywords: Absorption refrigeration system, ANN, thermodynamic design data, solution concentration, ammonia-sodium thiocyanate