Recent trends in civil engineering & technology (vol4, issue3) by STM Journals Publication

ISO: 9001Certified

STM Journals Empowering knowledge

(RTCET) ISSN: 2321-6476 Free Online Registration

Energy /

/ Instrumentation /Science

GLOBAL READERSHIP STATISTICS

conducted

Over 500 Indian and International Subscribers. 30,000 Top Researchers, Scientists, Authors and Editors All Over the World Associated. Editorial/ Reviewer Board Members : 1000+. 1,00,000+ Visitors to STM Website From 140+ Countries Quarterly. 10,000 + Downloads from STM Website.

September - December 2014 STM Journals invites the papers from the National Conferences, International Conferences, Seminars conducted by Colleges, Universities, Research Organizations etc. for Conference Proceedings and Special Issue. 타Special Issues come in Online and Print versions. 타STM Journals offers schemes to publish such issues on payment and gratis (online) basis as well.

To g e t m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n : stmconferences.com

STM JOURNALS Scientific

Technical

Medical

STM Publication(s) STM Publication, a strong initiative by Consortium E-Learning Network Private ltd.(Estd. 2006) was launched in the year 2010 under the support and guidance by our esteemed Editorial and Advisory board members from renowned institutes. Objectives of STM Publication(s): ? Scientific, Technical and Medical research promotions. ? Publication of genuine Research/Review, Short Articles and Case Studies through proper review

process. ? Publishing Special Issues on Conferences. ? Preparing online platform for other print Journals. ? Empowering the libraries with online and print Journals in Scientific, Technical and Medical

domains. ? Publishing and distribution of books on various subjects which mainly falls in the category of

Nanotechnology, Scientific and technical writing & Environment, Health and Safety. Salient Features: ? A bouquet of 100+ Journals that fall under Science, Technical & Medical domains. ? Employs Open Journals System (OJS) A Journal Management & Publishing System. ? The first and one of the fastest growing publication website in India as well as in abroad for its quality

and coverage. ? Rapid online submission and publication of papers, soon after their formal acceptance/ finalization. ? Facilitates linking with the other authors or professionals. ? Worldwide circulation and visibility.

Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology (ISSN: 2321â&#x20AC;&#x201C;6476) Focus and Scope Covers Civil Engineering in General, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering and its Allied Areas. ?

? Highways & Transportation Engineering ? Railways Engineering and Coastal Engineering ? Surveying and Other Verticals ? Hydraulics & Water Power Engineering ? Geomatics, Geosciences, Remote Sensing, Geographical Information systems

? Aerosol Optical Properties, Aerosol Microphysical Properties Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology is published (frequency: three times a year) in India by STM Journals (division of Consortium e-Learning Network Private Ltd. Pvt.) The views expressed in the articles do not necessarily reflect of the Publisher. The publisher does not endorse the quality or value of the advertised/sponsored products described therein. Please consult full prescribing information before issuing a prescription for any products mentioned in this publication. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system or transmitted in any from without written permission of the publisher. To cite any of the material contained in this Journal, in English or translation, please use the full English reference at the beginning of each article. To reuse any of the material, please contact STM Journals (info@stmjournals.com)

STM Journals (division of Consortium e-Learning Network Private Ltd. ) having its Marketing office located at Office No. 4, First Floor, CSC pocket E Market, Mayur Vihar Phase II, New Delhi-110091, India is the Publisher of Journal. Statements and opinions expressed in the Journal reflect the views of the author(s) and are not the opinion of STM Journals unless so stated. Subscription Information and Order: Cost of Journal: ? National Subscription: Rs. 3750/- per Journal (includes 3 print issues), Single Issue copy purchase Rs.1500/copy ? International Subscription: ? Online Only- $99, Print Only-$149 (includes 3 print issues) ? Online + Print-$199 (includes 3 print issues + online access of published back volumes )

To purchase print compilation of back issues please send your query at info@stmjournals.com Subscription must be prepaid. Rates outside the India includes speed delivery charges. Prices subject to change without notice. Mode of Payment: At par cheque, Demand draft, and RTGS (payment to be made in favor of Consortium E-Learning Network. Pvt. ltd., payable at Delhi/New Delhi. Online Access Policy A). For Authors: In order to provide maximum citation and wide publicity to the authors work, STM Journals also have Open Access Policy, authors who would like to get their work open access can opt for Optional Open Access publication at nominal cost as follows India, SARC and African Countries: INR 2500 or 100 USD including single hard copy of Author's Journal. Other Countries: USD 200 including single hard copy of Author's Journal. B.) For Subscribers: ? Online access will be activated within 72 hours of receipt of the payment (working days), subject to receipt of

correct information on user details/Static IP address of the subscriber. ? The access will be blocked: ? If the user requests for the same and furnishes valid reasons for blocking. ? Due to technical issue. ? Misuse of the access rights as per the access policy.

Advertising and Commercial Reprint Inquiries: STM Journals with wide circulation and visibility offer an excellent media for showcasing/promotion of your products/services and the events-namely, Conferences, Symposia/Seminars etc. These journals have very high potential to deliver the message across the targeted audience regularly with each published issue. The advertisements on bulk subscriptions, gift subscriptions or reprint purchases for distribution etc. are also very welcome. Lost Issue Claims: Please note the following when applying for lost or missing issues: ? Claims for print copies lost will be honored only after 45 days of the dispatch date and before publication of the

next issue as per the frequency. ? Tracking id for the speed post will be provided to all our subscribers and the claims for the missing Journals will

be entertained only with the proofs which will be verified at both the ends. ? Claims filed due to insufficient (or no notice) of change of address will not be honored. ? Change of Address of Dispatch should be intimated to STM Journals at least 2 months prior to the dispatch

schedule as per the frequency by mentioning subscriber id and the subscription id. ? Refund requests will not be entertained.

Legal Disputes All the legal disputes are subjected to Delhi Jurisdiction only. If you have any questions, please contact the Publication Management Team: info@stmjournals.com; Tel : +91 0120-4781211.

Publication Management Team Chairman Mr. Puneet Mehrotra Managing Director STM Journals, Consortium eLearning Network Pvt. Ltd.(CELNET) Noida ,India

Group Managing Editor Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director CELNET, Delhi, India

Internal Members Puneet Pandeya Manager

Monika Malhotra Assistant Manager

Associate Editors Gargi Asha Jha Nupur Anand Shikha Suman

Assistant Editors Priyanka Aswal Aditya Sanyal Deepika Bhadauria Sona Chahal Himani Pandey

External Members

Dr. Bimlesh Lochab Industrial Tribology Machine Dynamics & Maintenance Engineering Centre (ITMMEC) Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India.

Dr. Rajiv Prakash School of Materials Science and Technology, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.

Prof. S. Ramaprabhu Alternative Energy Technology Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai, India.

Dr. Rakesh Kumar Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Chemistry, BIT Mesra, Patna, India.

STM Journal (s) Advisory Board

Dr. Baldev Raj Chairman, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, India. Former Director, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, India.

Prof. Bankim Chandra Ray Professor and Head, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India.

Dr. Hardev Singh Virk Professor Emeritus, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, India.

Dr. Baskar Kaliyamoorthy Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology Trichy, India.

Prof. D. N. Rao Professor, Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.

Prof. Jugal Kishore Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.

Dr. Ashish Runthala

Dr. Pankaj Poddar

Lecturer, Biological Sciences Group, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani Rajasthan, India.

Scientist, Physical & Materials Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India.

Dr. Nandini Chatterjee Singh Associate Professor, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, India.

STM Journal (s) Advisory Board

Dr. Priyavrat Thareja

Dr. Rakesh Kumar

Head, Materials and Metallurgical Engineering department, PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, India.

Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Chemistry, BIT Mesra, Patna, India

Dr. Shankargouda Patil

Dr. Shrikant Balkisan Dhoot

Asst. Prof., Department of Oral Pathology, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, India.

Head Research & Development, Nurture Earth R&D Pvt Ltd MIT Campus, Beed bypass road, Aurangabad, India.

Prof. Subash Chandra Mishra

Prof. Sundara Ramaprabhu

Professor, Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Department, NIT, Rourkela, India.

Professor, Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India.

Prof. Yuwaraj Marotrao Ghugal Professor and Head Department, Govt. College of Engineering Station Road, Osmanpura, Aurangabad, India.

Editorial Board

Dr. Nilanchal Patel Professor Department of Remote Sensing Birla Institute of Technology Mesra (A Deemed University), Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.

Prof. Rajiv Gupta Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India.

Prof. (Dr.) Shamsher Bahadur Singh Civil Engineering Department Vidya Vihar Campus Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani Rajasthan, India.

Professor Ashvani Kumar Gosain Department of Civil Engineering Indian Insitute of Technology Delhi, India.

Dr. Vasant Matsagar Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, India.

Dr. Baskar Kaliyamoorthy Associate Professor Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology Trichy, India.

Professor Jyant Kumar Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.

Professor D Nagesh Kumar Professor Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore, India.

Dr. Pranab Kumar Mohapatra University of South Carolina Columbia SC, USA, United States.

Prof S. Mohan Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Chennai, India.

Editorial Board

Dr. S. P. Agrawal Chief Scientist & Adviser Central Building Research Institute ROORKEE, India.

Sekhar Kumar Chakrabarti Professor Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208016, India.

Dr. P. C. Thapliyal Principal Scientist, The Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee, India.

Dr. P V Sivapulliah Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore - 560 012, India.

Dr. Bibhuti Bhusan Das Sr. Associate Professor, National Institute of Construction Management and Research (NICMAR) Goa Campus Ponda, Goa, India.

Dr. Nagendra Roy National Institute of Technology Rourkela, India.

Dr. Sukhdeo Karade CSIR-Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee and AcSIR, India

Director's Desk

STM JOURNALS

I take the privilege to present the hard copy compilation for the [Volume 4 Issue (3)] of Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology (RTCET). The intension of RTCET is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Civil Engineering & Technology. The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. RTCET provides an outlet for Research findings and reviews in areas of Civil Engineering & Technology found to be relevant for National and International recent developments & research initiative. The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and research in the domain of Civil Engineering & Technology. Finally, I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board and Authors for their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring writeups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality Research/Reviesw findings for our customers base. I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director STM Journals

Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology

Contents

1. Design of Beam using Artificial Neural Network based Approach Sakshi Gupta

2. Fiber-Reinforced Cement Mortar for Brick Masonry Abhishek Agarwal, Prabhat K. Soni, Rakesh Patel

3. Spatial Crime Pattern using Geographical Information System: A Review Muhammad Syahiran Amran, Khairul Nizam Tahar, Ahmad Afiq Hassan, Muhamad Syahir Shadin, Khairul Farhanah Khairon, Mohammad Haminuddin Abdul Hadi 11 4. Study of the Effect of Rice Husk As An Active Low-cost Adsorbant for Textile Wastewater Treatment Vijayakumar S., Arunprakash C., Gobinath R., Asha M., Subramaniam M., Poornimasree S.R ., Gunasekar L.

5. Study of the Effect of Saline Solution on the Extraction of the Acacia Gum Active Coagulant for Textile Wastewater Treatment S. Vijayakumar, C. Arunprakash, R. Gobinath, M. Nishanth, L. Gunasekar, T.Narmatha

Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology ISSN: 2249-8753(online), ISSN: 2321-6476(print) Volume 4, Issue 3 www.stmjournals.com

Design of Beam using Artificial Neural Network based Approach Sakshi Gupta* Department ASET, Civil Engineering, Amity University, Manesar, Gurgaon, Haryana, India Abstract Recent developments in artificial neural network (ANN) have opened up new possibilities in the field of structural engineering. This paper demonstrates the applicability of ANN for the design of beams subjected to moment and shear. An attempt has been made to capture the mapping between the design variables using ANN. There is no direct method for design of beams. A feed forward network and back propagation training algorithm has been used. For training, about 48 data sets were generated. After successful learning, the model predicted the depth of the beam, area of steel, spacing of stirrups required for new problems with accuracy satisfying all design constraints.

Keywords: Artificial neural network, beams, steel, area, depth, moment, shear

Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology ISSN: 2249-8753 (online), ISSN: 2321-6476 (print) Volume 4, Issue 3 www.stmjournals.com

Fiber-Reinforced Cement Mortar for Brick Masonry Abhishek Agarwal*, Prabhat K. Soni, Rakesh Patel Department of Civil Engineering, SIRTS, Bhopal, India

Abstract Masonry construction has some advantages in comparison to reinforced concrete and steel construction. Masonry buildings are widely used for housing construction not only in India but in many parts of the world. These advantages are thermal comfort, sound control, possibility of addition and alterations after construction, less form work, easy and inexpensive repair, use of locally available material, need of less skilled labor and less engineering intervention, etc. Seismic resistance capacity of masonry construction is relatively low in comparison to engineering construction; the damage is more during earthquake in case of masonry structures. Most of the casualties are due to collapse of these constructions in earthquake. In order to improve seismic performance, masonry is reinforced with some reinforcement, i.e., steel reinforcement bars, which in turn are expensive and lack the ability to absorb mechanical impact. Fiber-reinforced cement mortar can be used for brick masonry to improve its capacity.

Keywords: Masonry buildings, fiber reinforced cement mortar, compressive strength, flexural strength

Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology ISSN: 2249-8753 (online), ISSN: 2321-6476 (print) Volume 4, Issue 3 www.stmjournals.com

Spatial Crime Pattern using Geographical Information System: A Review Muhammad Syahiran Amran, Khairul Nizam Tahar*, Ahmad Afiq Hassan, Muhamad Syahir Shadin, Khairul Farhanah Khairon, Mohammad Haminuddin Abdul Hadi Centre of Studies for Surveying Science & Geomatics, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract The article describes the development of crime pattern analysis using geographic information system (GIS). Criminal activities nowadays continue to be a major concern in contemporary society in many countries around the world. Most nation are faced with unacceptable level of crime such as murder, raped, robbery, and many crime that gives bad effect to the communities in the country. Therefore specific studies need to be conducted to overcome this problem. This study introduces GIS as a tool to identify the hot spot area of crime incident. GIS is able to manipulate crime data into the spatial visualisation. This article reviews the definition of crime, property of crime, cause and prevention of crime, crime analysis using GIS technology, and crime hotspots method. In conclusion, the GIS technology could help local authority to monitor the increment of crime at certain area.

Keywords: crime, GIS, analysis, hotspot, risk map

Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology ISSN: 2249-8753 (online), ISSN: 2321-6476 (print) Volume 4, Issue 3 www.stmjournals.com

Study of the Effect of Rice Husk As An Active Low-cost Adsorbant for Textile Wastewater Treatment Vijayakumar S.*, Arunprakash C., Gobinath R., Asha M., Subramaniam M., Poornimasree S.R ., Gunasekar L. Department of Civil Engineering, Jay Shriram Group of Institutions, Avinashipalayam, Tirupur, India

Abstract Textile wastewater contains different colors which are harmful to the environment. Activated carbon can be used for the decolorization of textile wastewater. Most of the textile plants do not use the activated carbon due to its expensive cost and still it was classified as imported item. Low-cost adsorbant produced from locally available materials can solve this problem. This paper describes the color removal of textile wastewater by adsorption process using rice husk in a low-cost method. The maximum adsorption of color was found at an optimum temperature of 27 Â°C with the retention time of 24 h. In this study the rice husk obtained from agriculture waste is investigated as viable materials for treatment of sulfate, iron, chloride, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) available in textile waste water. The result shows promising reduction in the COD, BOD reduction and also provides good colour removal.

Keywords: textile industry, rice husk, adsorbant, wastewater

Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology ISSN: 2249-8753 (online), ISSN: 2321-6476 (print) Volume 4, Issue 3 www.stmjournals.com

Study of the Effect of Saline Solution on the Extraction of the Acacia Gum Active Coagulant for Textile Wastewater Treatment S. Vijayakumar*, C. Arunprakash, R. Gobinath, M. Nishanth, L. Gunasekar, T.Narmatha Department of Civil Engineering, Jay Shriram Group of Institutions, Avinashipalayam, Tirupur, India Abstract The use of synthetic coagulants is not regarded as suitable due to health and economic considerations. A new coagulant obtained through polymerization of acacia gum extract has been characterized in the removal of dangerous dye pollutants. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of acacia gum as coagulant in treatment of textile wastewater. The coagulant prepared was employed for the removal of sludge at the different doses. The coagulant was found to be capable of removing sludge from wastewater; the color removal capacity for acacia was approximately 90% at normal pH and temperature. From the experimental investigations, the maximum color, sludge removal from the textile industry wastewater was obtained at an optimum coagulant dosage of 25 ml/l of wastewater, with an optimum contact time of 1 hour, at room temperature. The results obtained in this study is promising when compared with the results obtained by using various other coagulants. It is found that the transmittance was found to be 83% with an absorbance of 0.07, TDS reduced from 5.15 PPT to 2.87 PPT, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) too was reduced from 160 to 60 mg/l. Also owing to the coagulation process several other parameters such as chloride, sulfate, iron, chemical oxygen demand (COD) was also reduced considerably.

Keywords: acacia gum, natural coagulant agents, dye removal, sludge removal, textile wastewater