Recent trends in sensor research & technology (vol1, issue2) by STM Journals Publication

May - August 2014

eISSN 2393-8765

Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology (RTSRT)

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Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology eISSN: 2393-8765 Focus and Scope Covers ? Electric Sensor Technologies ? Magnetic Sensor Technologies ? Electrophysiological Monitoring ? Forensics and Materials Characterization ? Intelligent Vision Sensors ? Tracking and Sensor Fusion

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Amir Abu_AL_AISHMohammad Communications Engineering, Department Faculty of Engineering Al Hussien Bin Talal University Jordan.

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N.L. Tarwal Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Republic of Korea.

Rajendra Kumar Pandey Professor of Physics, NIIT University, Neemrana, Rajasthan, India.

Santosh Kulkarni ICT for Energy Efficiency, Microsystems Center, Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Ireland, Ireland.

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STM JOURNALS

I take the privilege to present the print version for the [Volume 1 Issue (2)] of Recent Trends in Sensor Research and Technology. The intension of RTSRT is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Sensor Research and Technology. The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. RTSRT provides an outlet for Research findings and reviews in areas of Sensor Research and Technology found to be relevant for National and International recent developments & research initiative. The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and research in the domain of Sensor Research and Technology. Finally,I would like to thank Authors for their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring. I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board for write ups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality Research/Reviews findings for our customers base. I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director STM Journals

Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology

Contents

1. Realization of Potassium Chloride Sensor Using 2D Photonic Crystal Structure G. Palai

2. Development of a DSP Prototype on QPSK Modulator and Demodulator using Code Composer Studio for Radio Communication Systems Magrabi S. A. R.

3. Wireless Tilt Measurement System Maulik Vala, Divya Gajera, Tigmanshu Patel, Manish Thakker

4. Design and Simulation of MEMS-based Piezoelectric Accelerometer Aarti Arora, Anil Arora, Himanshu Monga

Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology ISSN: 2393-8765 (online) Volume 1, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Realization of Potassium Chloride Sensor Using 2D Photonic Crystal Structure G. Palai* Gandhi Institute for Technological Advancement (GITA), Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India-752054 Abstract In the present study, the concentration of potassium chloride in their aqueous solution is investigated using optical sensor. Optical sensor is realized by 2D photonic crystal structure (PCS), which is made up of silicon materials (background/substrate) consisting of 8Ă&#x2014;8 air holes containing aqueous potassium chloride solution. The principle of measurement is based on logarithmic variation of photonic band gap (PBG) with respect to different concentrations of potassium chloride. The PBG is found by using PWE method. An experimental set up is designed to measure the output voltages with respect to same concentrations of potassium chloride. Simulation result revealed that the potential measured at photo-detector varies logarithmically with respect to potassium chloride concentration leading to an accurate measurement of potassium chloride concentration in aqueous solution. It was concluded that both PBG of PCS and potential at photodetector varies logarithmically with respect to potassium chloride concentration.

Keywords: photonic crystal structure, photonic band gap, plane wave expansion, potassium chloride

Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology ISSN: 2393-8765 (online) Volume 1, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Development of a DSP Prototype on QPSK Modulator and Demodulator using Code Composer Studio for Radio Communication Systems Magrabi S. A. R.* Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, GIET, Moinabad, Hyderabad, India Abstract As day by day there is increase in mobile telephone users, the bandwidth requirement for each user is mutually increasing. Due to this there is spectral congestion caused and drastic improvements have been taken in the field of mobile communications. Numerous approaches are taken to minimize the bandwidth requirement of each user. One such approach is called as quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) technique for mobile and satellite applications. QPSK modulation provides a better solution to problems faced in mobile communication systems. The bandwidth restrictions in microcellular networks can be overcome by this approach. This project is experimentally carried out in the generation, implementation and testing of QPSK using the principle of digital signal processing (DSP) with the aid of DSP TMS320C6713. The QPSK modulator and demodulator is generated using code composer studio (CCS), an integrated development environment (IDE) by writing program in c-language. The experimental results are shown in this paper. The various results such as modulation, demodulation and testing for above-mentioned digital modulations were shown and compared performance wise.

Keywords: QPSK, IDE, CCS, DSP, ADC, DAC, MATLAB, CCS, TMS320C6713

Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology ISSN: 2393-8765 (online) Volume 1, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Wireless Tilt Measurement System Maulik Vala1, Divya Gajera1, Tigmanshu Patel2, Manish Thakker3 1

Department of Instrumentation & Control Engineering, Dharmsinh Desai University, Gujarat, India 2 DDU-Bosch Rexroth Center of Excellence in Automation Technologies, Dharmsinh Desai University, Gujarat, India 3 Shah Schulman Center for Surface Science and Nanotechnology, Dharmsinh Desai University, Gujarat, India

Abstract Tilt is an important parameter in many areas like biomedical applications, Wind Power generation, Boom angle monitoring for Crane etc. Imbalance may occur in a system if it is tilted more than a certain limit which may result into economical, equipment damage and sometime risks to life of an individual. Tilt information can also be used for efficiency improvement and optimization of mechanical systems. This paper proposes the design of wireless tilt angle measurement based on tri-axial accelerometer using RF for Wireless transmission. Measurement of Pitch, Roll and Yaw (or slip) is interpreted from acceleration outputs since the sensor is capable of measuring static acceleration due to gravity and dynamic acceleration caused by shock/vibration. The fundamental design of wireless tilt measurement is presented with help of sensors, Atmel AVR development board and Virtual Instrumentation platform. The data from tri-axial accelerometer is acquired by embedded system which transmits data serially to the RF module. The RF receiver will display the data locally on the LCD screen along with a graphic display on the virtual instrument developed in LabVIEW.

Keywords: Tilt measurement, Accelerometer, Arduino Development Board, RF module

Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology ISSN: 2393-8765 (online) Volume 1, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Design and Simulation of MEMS-based Piezoelectric Accelerometer Aarti Arora1*, Anil Arora2, Himanshu Monga1 1

Baddi University of Emerging Science & Technology, Baddi (H.P.), India 2 Thapar University, Patiala, Punjab, India

Abstract In this work, the modelling and design of a Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) uniaxial accelerometer has been presented. The design of the sensor includes sensing acceleration in the x-direction only. The device achieves this function using a proof mass suspended through four spring structure. The device dimensions are finalized mathematically and the simulated using Finite Element Analysis. The structure is simulated with and without piezoelectric material ZnO and a comparison is made between the devices. The device was designed for 1 KHz frequency and 20 g acceleration. Keywords: MEMS, accelerometer, ZnO, finite element analysis.