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Research & Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology

Contents

1. Antibacterial Activity of Enicostemma Axillare Against Wound Pathogens O.N. Shanmugapriya, S. Priya

2. Chaetomium sp.: The Untapped Natural Resource Shanthiyaa V. , Rajendran L., Karthikeyan G., Raguchander T.

3. Prevalence of Depression in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Amita Suneja Dang, Ritu Deswal

4. Ternary Amino Acid Metal Complexes: Structure and Role in Yeast Metabolism K.S. Kathikeyan, K. Sivarama Sastry, M. Rajender, M. Shilpa

Research & Reviews: A Journal of Biotechnology ISSN: 2231-3826 (online), ISSN: 2347-7245 (print) Volume 4, Issue 3 www.stmjournals.com

Antibacterial Activity of Enicostemma Axillare Against Wound Pathogens O.N. Shanmugapriya, S. Priya* P.G and Research Department of Microbiology, S.T.E.T. Womenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s College, Mannargudi, Tamil Nadu, India Abstract The leaves extracts of Enicostemma axillare are used in traditional medicine for treatment of various infections. The antibacterial activity detected was against S.aureus, E.coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P.vulgaris and K.pnemoniae. Wound swabs obtained from ten injured patients at Government hospital, led to the isolation of bacteria using standard methods, the microorganisms were isolated. Then chloroform, methanol and aqueous extract of Enicostemma axillare against S.aureus, E.coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P.vulgaris and K.pnemoniae exhibited antibacterial were found efficacious respectively.

Keywords: Wound, antibacterial, leaves extract, pathogenic

Research & Reviews: A Journal of Biotechnology ISSN: 2231-3826 (online), ISSN: 2347-7245 (print) Volume 4, Issue 3 www.stmjournals.com

Chaetomium sp.: The Untapped Natural Resource Shanthiyaa V. *, Rajendran L., Karthikeyan G., Raguchander T. Department of Plant Pathology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India Abstract Nowadays constraints on plant disease control practices especially those on the use of pesticides, biological control is increasingly occupying the minds of scientists all over the world as they are eco-friendly and cost effective. However, a number of key fungicides have been withdrawn from the market because of environment pollution, health hazards, phytotoxicity, development of resistance by the pathogens and also due to exorbitant cost of such chemical. Research and development of biological control agents for use against plant diseases have been undertaken for several years in both government and private sectors, as natural agents are needed to take the place of chemical fungicides. The implementation of practical integrated biological control technology to control plant diseases has been successfully introduced to growers by using new broad spectrum biological fungicides from Chaetomium. Bio-control technology of plant diseases has successfully been demonstrated, either completely or partially, when integrated with other control measures for appropriate disease management. Biological products are useful, not only for the protection against plant diseases, but can also be used for curative effects of plant diseases, and also promote plant growth.

Keywords: Chaetomium sp., morphology, antibiotics, ISR, plant growth promotion

Research & Reviews: A Journal of Biotechnology ISSN: 2231-3826 (online), ISSN: 2347-7245 (print) Volume 4, Issue 3 www.stmjournals.com

Prevalence of Depression in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Amita Suneja Dang*, Ritu Deswal Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India Abstract Poly cystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent endocrine abnormality affecting 5–10% women of reproductive age worldwide. PCOS is a heterogeneous condition representing diverse clinical, reproductive, metabolic and psychological implications like hirsutism, infertility, androgenic alopecia, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus type 2, and cardiovascular diseases. There is enormous data regarding PCOS association with clinical manifestations’ and metabolic diseases but little is known about the risk of association of psychological disorders like depression and anxiety with PCOS. The aim of the present study was to estimate prevalence of depression in women with PCOS compared with controls. This cross sectional study was performed on 22 PCOS patients and 302 control women. The main outcome measures include Beck Depression Inventory and General Health Questionnaire -12. The prevalence of depression in PCOS women was found to be 90% according to Beck Depression Inventory and 59% were considered as cases suspicious for mental disorder. It was found that PCOS women were having extremely high prevalence of depression so the psychological treatment must be included in order to improve the mental status of patients. PCOS considerably increases the chance of a women developing depression. Although depression can result in destructive emotional and psychological disturbances, a healthy lifestyle, sufficient exercise, nutritious diet and prescribed medications can help in reduction of PCOS depression symptoms.

Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome, depression, Hirsutism, Androgenic alopecia

Research & Reviews: A Journal of Biotechnology ISSN: 2231-3826 (online), ISSN: 2347-7245 (print) Volume 4, Issue 3 www.stmjournals.com

Ternary Amino Acid Metal Complexes: Structure and Role in Yeast Metabolism K.S. Kathikeyan1*, K. Sivarama Sastry2, M. Rajender2, M. Shilpa2 1

Endocrinology and Metabolism Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana, India 2 Department f Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

Abstract Two ternary complexes designated as Ter1 and Ter2 were synthesized using minimal optimal methods wherein two separate amino acid ligands L-phenylalanine and L-lysine were mixed with chromium sulphate hexahydrate designated as Cr3+ and two routes were designed for the synthesis of both the complexes. For the synthesis of Ter1 L-phenylalnine was reacted with Cr3+ which was in turn reacted with L-lysine and for the synthesis Ter2 the reverse procedure was adopted L-lysine was reacted with Cr3+ which was in turn reacted with L-phenylalanine. IR spectral analysis of the two complexes showed that they were isomeric complexes with a different orientation of ligands around chromium and the UV-VIS spectra of both the ternaries showed that the way in which phenylalanine interacted with chromium was same and the difference was only in the way of binding of L-lysine with difference in the absorption peaks which was another indication that the two complexes are different. As regards the biological role of the two ternaries, even though superficially both were almost similar in the way in which they were metabolized as nitrogen sources, on closer examination it was observed That L-phenylalanine was metabolized at a much faster rate than L-lysine especially in Ter2, and it was shown that the structure of Ter2 is different from that of Ter1 since in Ter2 Llysine is more tightly bound to central chromium vis-Ă -vis Ter1 and this corroborates with the biological activity. Thus a direct correlation is brought about between the structure of the ternary complexes and their biological activity. This study is the first of its type and draws light on the fact that a more holistic approach should be considered as regards the biological activity of chromium amino acid complexes as regards to yeast metabolism.

Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Ter1, Ter2, Metal Complexes, AA-Cr