Research & reviews journal of agricultural science & technology (vol3, issue2) by STM Journals Publication

(RRJoAST)

ISSN 2349-3682 May-August 2014

Research & Reviews Journal of

Agricultural

Science & Technology

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Technical

Medical

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Dr. Rajiv Prakash School of Materials Science and Technology, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.

Prof. S. Ramaprabhu Alternative Energy Technology Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai, India.

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STM Journal (s) Advisory Board

Dr. Baldev Raj Chairman, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, India. Former Director, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, India.

Prof. Bankim Chandra Ray Professor and Head, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India.

Dr. Hardev Singh Virk Professor Emeritus, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, India.

Dr. Baskar Kaliyamoorthy Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology Trichy, India.

Prof. D. N. Rao Professor, Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.

Prof. Jugal Kishore Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.

Dr. Ashish Runthala

Dr. Pankaj Poddar

Lecturer, Biological Sciences Group, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani Rajasthan, India.

Scientist, Physical & Materials Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India.

Dr. Nandini Chatterjee Singh Associate Professor, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, India.

STM Journal (s) Advisory Board & Editorial Board

Dr. Priyavrat Thareja

Dr. Rakesh Kumar

Head, Materials and Metallurgical Engineering department, PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, India.

Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Chemistry, BIT Mesra, Patna, India.

Dr. Shankargouda Patil

Dr. Shrikant Balkisan Dhoot

Asst. Prof., Department of Oral Pathology, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, India.

Head Research & Development, Nurture Earth R&D Pvt Ltd MIT Campus, Beed bypass road, Aurangabad, India.

Prof. Subash Chandra Mishra

Prof. Sundara Ramaprabhu

Professor, Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Department, NIT, Rourkela, India.

Professor, Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India.

Prof. Yuwaraj Marotrao Ghugal

Dr. Savo Vuckovic

Professor and Head Department, Govt. College of Engineering Station Road, Osmanpura, Aurangabad, India.

Forage production,NemanjinaZemunBelgrade, Serbia.

Dr. A.K. Srivastava

Dr. Rokolhuii Keditsu

National Research Centre for Citrus , Nagpur Maharashtra, India.

Assistant Prof, Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development, Nagaland University, Medziphema Nagaland, India.

Dr. Mohammad Aslam Ansari

Mahesh Rao

Professor, Agriculture Communication G B Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India.

Scientist, National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi India.

Editorial Board

Dr. Madhusweta Das IIT Kharagpur,Kharagpur, WB, India.

Gamal Abdel-Nasser Khalil Nasser KhalilSoil and Agricultural Chemistry Dept. Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha) Bulkily.

Vinod Kumar Suri CSKHPKV, Palampur, HP India.

Rintu Banerjee Agricultural & Food Engineering DepartmentIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, WB India.

Prof. Proshanta Guha Agricultural & Food Engineering, IIT Kharagpur, WB, India.

Ravikant Radhakant Upasani Agronomy Birsa Agricultural University Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.

Dr. Anjum Suhail Department of Agri. Entomology University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

Dr. Sohail Ahmed University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. Pakistan, Pakistan.

Dr. M L Kansal Associate Professor (WRDTC), IIT Roorkee, Uttarakhand India.

Dr. R Kalaiyarasi UG Botany, Centre for Plant Breeding and GeneticsTamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Dr. Marina Macukanovic Jocic University of BelgradeFaculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia.

Professor Saket Kushwaha Agricultural Economics, BHU, Banaras, UP India.

Director's Desk

STM JOURNALS

I take the privilege to present the hard copy compilation for the [Volume 3 Issue (2)] of Research & Reviews: Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. The intension of RRJoAST is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Agricultural Science and Technology. The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. RRJoAST provides an outlet for Research findings and reviews in areas of Agriculture Science and Technology found to be relevant for National and International recent developments & research initiative. The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and research in the domain of Agricultural Science and Technology. Finally, I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board and Authors for their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring writeups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality Research/Reviews findings for our customers base. I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director STM Journals

Research & Reviews : Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology

Contents

1. Evaluation of Micro-irrigation In Garlic (Allium sativum L.) R.K. Mathukia, K.B. Asodaria, K.C. Patel, R.L. Davaria

2. Sensitivity Analysis of Tractor Three-point Hitch Linkage System Prasanna Kumar

3. Farmer's Perception Towards Mobile-SMS Alert Services Neha Pandey, Mohammad Aslam Ansari

4. Study on Phenological, Qualitative and Quantitative Traits in Fodder Maize (Zea mays L.): Digestible Nutrients and Chemical Composition Manoj Kumar, Vijay Kumar, Jyoti, Shailesh Marker, Neeraj

Research & Reviews: Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology ISSN: 2278-2206 (online), ISSN: 2349-3682 (print) Volume 3, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Evaluation of Micro-irrigation In Garlic (Allium sativum L.) R.K. Mathukia*, K.B. Asodaria, K.C. Patel, R.L. Davaria Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India Abstarct A field investigation was carried out on clayey soil at Junagadh, Gujarat during the rabi (winter) seasons of 2010–11 to 2012–13 to evaluate different methods of irrigation (drip, mini-sprinkler and surface) at various schedules (0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 IW: CPE) for garlic (Allium sativum L.). The results revealed that drip and mini-sprinkler methods were found superior to surface irrigation method in respect of yield, water use efficiency (WUE) and economics. However, drip irrigation resulted in higher bulb yield (41.65 q ha-1) and WUE (6.10 kg ha-mm-1), while mini-sprinkler realized higher net returns (Rs. 23705 ha-1). Irrigations scheduled at IW: CPE ratio of 1.2 recorded significantly higher bulb yield (37.04 q ha-1) along with higher net returns (Rs. 20835 ha-1) over 1.0 and 0.8 IW: CPE.

Keywords: Micro-irrigation, Drip, Sprinkler, Garlic

Research & Reviews: Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology ISSN: 2278-2206 (online), ISSN: 2349-3682 (print) Volume 3, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Sensitivity Analysis of Tractor Three-point Hitch Linkage System Prasanna Kumar* Department of Agricultural Engineering, Triguna Sen School of Technology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India Abstract Farm tractors have the three-point hitch linkage system for the attachment of farm implements. The three-point hitch linkage system of the Indian tractors have the provision to attach the lift rod at two or three points on the lower link and attach the upper link at two or three locations on the tractor body. Appropriate utilization of these provisions during farm operations using various implements ensures that the engine power is efficiently utilized, proper weight transfer from the implement to rear axle of the tractor takes place and sufficient stability of tractor against overturning is maintained during operation. The sensitivity analysis of the hitch linkage system of a popular model of an Indian tractor was conducted through kinematic linkage analysis. The study revealed that heavy operations or operations using heavy implements or operations under position control mode must be performed by connecting the lift rod to the lower link far away from the pivot point of lower link and attaching top link to the pivot point located farther away and higher above the rear axle centre. This also ensures minimum longitudinal tilt of implements during operation. Heavy implements under draft control mode and implements used for lighter and finer operations must be operated by connecting the lift rod to the lower link near the pivot point of lower link and attaching top link to the pivot point located nearer to the rear axle centre. The outcome of the sensitivity analysis is general and applies to most of the Indian tractors.

Keywords: Mechanical advantage, Sensitivity analysis, Three-point hitch, Vertical convergence distance, Virtual hitch point

Research & Reviews: Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology ISSN: 2278-2206 (online), ISSN: 2349-3682 (print) Volume 3, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Farmer’s Perception Towards Mobile-SMS Alert Services Neha Pandey1, Mohammad Aslam Ansari2* 1

Department of Home Science, Ch. Charan Singh PG College, Heonra-Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India 2 College of Agriculture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India

Abstract Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have transformed the way information is produced, processed and shared across different stakeholders in the agriculture production systems. Of all the ICTs, mobile telephony has emerged as “the technology of choice for the masses”. The gradual and regulated expansion of telecommunication infrastructure and attendant government policies has enabled the penetration of mobile telephony across the entire social spectrum in the country. A number of innovative and imaginative applications of mobile telephony in agriculture and rural development sector have highlighted its use and immense potential in empowering the farmers of India. The present study attempted to determine the farmer’s perception and usage pattern of SMS alerts services (provided by IKSL) to the subscribing farmers in a North Indian state (Uttar Pradesh). The findings reiterate that mobile telephones have become the dominant media for information dissemination in the farming community under study. A large majority of farmers displayed positive perceptions towards the IKSL (IFFCO Kisan Sanchar Limited) service—an innovative service born out of a joint venture between a fertilizer producing company (i.e., IFFCO) and Bharti Airtel, a prominent mobile services provider. Thus, we can conclude that mobile phones can help farmers in making the right decision at the right time during the process of production and postproduction including transportation and marketing. Ultimately, mobile telephones can prove to be an excellent medium for educating the farmers as well as a potential tool for social networking.

Keywords: Mobile SMS alerts, Ict applications in agriculture, Mobile for agriculture development, ICT4D, m-Agriculture

Research & Reviews: Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology ISSN: 2278-2206 (online), ISSN: 2349-3682 (print) Volume 3, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Study on Phenological, Qualitative and Quantitative Traits in Fodder Maize (Zea mays L.): Digestible Nutrients and Chemical Composition Manoj Kumar, Vijay Kumar*, Jyoti, Shailesh Marker, Neeraj SHIATS, Deemed to be University, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract The present study examined the effectiveness of maize fodder cultivated with three genotypesâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; V1 (AAIMS 1), V2 (AAIMS 2), and V3 (J1006) in fodder maize, obtained from complete randomized design in the Animal Nutrition Laboratory, SHIATS, Allahabad, India. The data were recorded on eight characters to study the per se performance of fodder quality traits of maize fodder. Analysis of variance revealed that there was considerable variation available for most of the characters studied. The parameters studied were dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fiber (CF), total ash (TA), nitrogen-free extract (NFE), calcium and phosphorus in maize fodder. Parameter was significantly (P < 0.05) influenced at 25 and 40 days after sowing. The highest DM, CP, EE, CF, calcium, and phosphorus were observed in V1 (AAIMS 1). The highest value of TA and NFE was observed in V3 (J1006). Based on these results, AAIMS 1 was found to be the best for digestible nutrients and chemical composition followed by AAIMS 2 and J1006.

Keywords: Fodder, Maize, Digestible nutrient, Ash, Chemical composition