Research & reviews journal of crop science & technology (vol3, issue3) by STM Journals Publication

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Vinod Kumar Suri Chief Scientist & Ex- Head, Department of Soil Science & Associate Director Research, CSK HPAU CSK HP Agricultural University, Palampur India.

Baldev Sharma Professor Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni Solan (HP) India.

Dr. Sandeep Singh Assistant Entomologist AICRP on Fruits Department of Fruit Science Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India

Dr. Mohammad Aslam Ansari Agriculture Communication G B Pant University of Agriculture and Technology Uttarakhand, INDIA.

Dr H.S. Rattanpal Senior Horticulturist Department of Fruit Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana , Punjab, India.

Arash Roozbahani Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Sameera Qayoom Division of agronomy, Kashmir University

Dr. Monica Sharma Assistant Professor Department of Plant Pathology Dr. YS Parmar UHF, Nauni Solan, HP.

Girish sharma Professor, Fruit Breeding, Department of Plant Pathology Dr. YS Parmar UHF, Nauni Solan, HP.

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I take the privilege to present the hard copy compilation for the [Volume 3 Issue (3)] of Research & Reviews: Journal of Crop Science and Technology (RRJoCST). The intension of RRJoCST is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Crop Science and Technology. The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. RRJoCST provides an outlet for Research findings and reviews in areas of Crop Science and Technology found to be relevant for National and International recent developments & research initiative. The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and research in the domain of Crop Science and Technology. Finally, I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board and Authors for their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring writeups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality Research/Reviews' findings for our customers base. I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director STM Journals

Research & Reviews : Journal of Crop science & Technology

Contents

1. Site-Specific Nutrient Management Approaches for Enhanced Nutrient-Use Efficiency in Agricultural Crops Anchal Dass, V.K. Suri, Anil K. Choudhary

2. Breeding for High Iron and Zinc Content in Cultivated Wheat Sudhir Kumar, Mahesh Rao, N. C. Gupta

3. Efficient and Economical Weed Management in Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) R.K. Mathukia, B.K. Sagarka, D.M. Panara

4. Genetic Variability in Rabi Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes Beatrice Niyokwizigirwa, Clement Urinzwenimana, Arun Kumar Chaurasia, Shailesh Marker

Research & Reviews: Journal of Crop Science and Technology ISSN: 2319-3395 (online) Volume 3, Issue 3 www.stmjournals.com

Site-Specific Nutrient Management Approaches for Enhanced Nutrient-Use Efficiency in Agricultural Crops Anchal Dass1, V.K. Suri2*, Anil K. Choudhary1 1

Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India Department of Soil Science, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, India

Abstract Green revolution era has been the golden period for boosting the foodgrain production specifically in South-Asia, but the practice of irrational crop and nutrient management practices over the years has led to appearance of signs of fatigue in late 1980s with sharp decline in factor productivity, stagnation in crop yields with dwindling and marginal farm incomes; all of which are now posing a serious threat to food security, agricultural sustainability, soil and environmental health and rural agricultural economy in the developing world. In a nutshell, growing concerns about impaired soil health, declining productivity growth and decreasing factor productivity or nutrient-use efficiency (NUE) are compelling the farmers to use higher levels of fertilizers during last two decades. The low NUE and associated environmental pollution and global warming problems have raised serious concerns about the existing nutrient management practices. As such, it is high time to develop site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) technologies which are able to synergic cropâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;soil nutrient dynamics. The SSNM is need-based feeding of crops with nutrients while recognizing the inherent spatial variability which enhances crop productivity, profitability, NUE and avoids nutrient wastage. For efficient and effective SSNM, use of soil and plant nutrient status sensing devices, remote sensing, GIS, decision support systems, simulation models, and machines for variable application of nutrients play an important role. This paper deals with the SSNM technologies and tools which are able to enhance NUE, crop productivity and profitability, besides augmenting better farm livelihoods.

Keywords: site-specific nutrient management, soil health, factor productivity, nutrient-use efficiency

Research & Reviews: Journal of Crop Science and Technology ISSN: 2319-3395 (online) Volume 3, Issue 3 www.stmjournals.com

Breeding for High Iron and Zinc Content in Cultivated Wheat Sudhir Kumar1*, Mahesh Rao2, N. C. Gupta2 1 2

ICAR RC for NEH Region Manipur Centre, Imphal, Manipur, India National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India

Abstract Genetic enhancement of crop using plant breeding and biotechnology is one of the most viable and sustainable strategies to combat malnutrition worldwide. Identification of useful genetic variability for enhancement of iron and zinc in wheat using plant-breeding method, major emphasis has been given on screening of elite germplasm of wheat including wild relatives, progenitor and non-progenitor of cultivated wheat species. Precise chromosomal transfer of specific donor line in to cultivated wheat varieties could be achieved by induced homoeologous chromosome paring, using FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) and GISH (Genomic in situ hybridization) technology and with the help of high density molecular markers. Transgenic approaches such as, engineering of transcriptional factor, regulatory gene and metal ion translocator gene would be effective in development of high dense nutrient lines of wheat varieties.

Keywords: Iron, zinc, wheat, genetic enhancement, germplasm

Research & Reviews: Journal of Crop Science and Technology ISSN: 2319-3395 (online) Volume 3, Issue 3 www.stmjournals.com

Efficient and Economical Weed Management in Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) R.K. Mathukia*, B.K. Sagarka, D.M. Panara Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India Abstract To study the integrated weed management through manual weeding and herbicides in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), a field experiment was conducted during rabi seasons of 2010 and 2011 at Junagadh (Gujarat, India). The weed flora of experimental field mainly comprised of Cyperus rotundus, Digera arvensis, Amaranthus viridis, Eluropus villosus and Dactyloctenium aegyptium. The results revealed that among the different treatments, besides weed free check, two hand weeding (HW) at 15 and 30 days after sowing (DAS) fluchloralin 0.600 kg ha-1 as pre-plant incorporation + HW at 30 DAS, pendimethalin 0.600 kg ha-1 as pre-emergence + HW at 30 DAS effectively reduced dry weight of weeds and improved growth and yield attributes and resultantly increased seed and stalk yields of coriander along with higher net returns.

Keywords: Coriander, fluchloralin, pendimethalin, trifluralin, oxyfluorfen

Research & Reviews: Journal of Crop Science and Technology ISSN: 2319-3395 (online) Volume 3, Issue 3 www.stmjournals.com

Genetic Variability in Rabi Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes Beatrice Niyokwizigirwa1, Clement Urinzwenimana1*, Arun Kumar Chaurasia2, Shailesh Marker2 1

Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB), Kigali, Rwanda Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (Formerly Allahabad Agricultural Institute), Allahabad, U.P, India

Abstract The present study was conducted to evaluate the genetic variability among 32 maize genotypes at the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, SHIATS, Allahabad (U.P.) during rabi 2010â&#x20AC;&#x201C;11. The experimental design used was randomized block design having three replications. Data were recorded on 15 quantitative characters. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences for all the traits studied except for number of cob per plant. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was found highest for anthesis silking interval, ear height, number of cob per plant, grain yield per plant and harvest index. Broad sense heritability estimates ranged from 0.41 (ear girth) to 0.998 (plant height). High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was recorded for plant height, biological yield, seed yield per plant and ear height. Correlation coefficient analysis showed that grain yield exhibited significant positive correlation with number of seeds per cob, ear length, ear girth, 100 grain weight, biological yield and harvest index. Path analysis revealed that days to maturity, plant height, days to 50% silking, grain rows per plant and ear girt had direct effect on grain yield.

Keywords: Genetic variability, heritability, character association, path analysis, maize (Zea mays L.)