Research & reviews journal of medical science & technology (vol3, issue1) by STM Journals Publication

Research & Reviews Journal of Medical Science & Technology (RRJoMST)

ISSN 2349 - 1272

conducted

Jan - April 2014

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Research & Reviews : Journal of Medical Science & Technology (ISSN: 2349-1272) Focus and Scope Covers ? Health Sciences ? Pharmacology ? Physiology ? Critical Care Medicine ? Gastroenterology ? Anatomy

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Prof. S. Ramaprabhu Alternative Energy Technology Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai, India.

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Dr. Baldev Raj Distinguished Scientist & Director, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (ICGAR)Kalpakkam, India.

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Prof. Jugal Kishore Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.

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Dr. Nandini Chatterjee Singh Associate Professor, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, India.

STM Journal (s) Advisory Board

Dr. Priyavrat Thareja

Dr. Rakesh Kumar

Head, Materials and Metallurgical Engineering department, PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, India.

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Dr. Shankargouda Patil

Dr. Shrikant Balkisan Dhoot

10 L-M,2nd Floor, 4th N Block, Dr.Rajkumar Road, Rajajinagar, Bangalore , India.

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Prof. Subash Chandra Mishra

Prof. Sundara Ramaprabhu

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Professor, Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India.

Prof. Yuwaraj Marotrao Ghugal Professor and Head Department, Govt. College of Engineering Station Road, Osmanpura, Aurangabad, India.

Editorial Board

Dr. Parameswarappa Shivappa Byadgi Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi India.

Professor Sanjay Singh Department of Dermatology and VenereologyInstitute of medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi India.

Anand Kumar Department of Surgery, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi India.

Dr. Durgadas N. Department of Microbiology, International Medical School Management and Science University, Malaysia.

Dr. Indu Grewal National Institute of Health & Family Welfare, Munirka, New Delhi, India.

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STM JOURNALS

I take the privilege to present the hard copy compilation for the [Volume 3 Issue (1)] of Research & Reviews: Journal of Medical Science and Technology. The intension of RRJoMST is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Medical Science and Technology. The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. RRJoMST provides an outlet for Research findings and reviews in areas of Medical Science and Technology found to be relevant for National and International recent developments & research initiative. The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and research in the domain of Medical Science and Technology. Finally, I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board and Authors for their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring writeups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality Research/Reviews findings for our customers base. I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director STM Journals

Research & Reviews : Journal of Medical Science & Technology

Contents

1. Diseases among Sewage Workers Gaurav Kohli, Manu Kohli, Vishali Galhotra

2. Medico-Legal Practice and Physiotherapy: A Study in Mekelle, Ethiopia Kshtrashal Singh, Hailay Gebremichael Gebrekidan

3. Perceived Joint Discomfort Rating in Neck and Back Movement away from Neutral in Sitting and Standing Posture Niranjan Kumar, Prosenjit Patra

4. Problematic Internet use in Engineering Students and Its Relation to Psychosomatic Symptoms Rajesh Kumar, Kuljeet Kaur

Research & Reviews: Journal of Medical Science and Technology ISSN: 2349-1272 Volume 3, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Diseases among Sewage Workers Gaurav Kohli1*, Manu Kohli2, Vishali Galhotra3 1

Department. of Community Health Nursing, M.M Institute of Nursing, M.M University Mullana, Ambala Haryana, India 2 Department. of Mental Health Nursing, Mai Bhago College of Nursing, Tarantaran, Punjab, India 3 Department. of Medical Surgical Nursing, Lala Lajpat Rai Institute of Nursing, Moga, Punjab, India

Abstract Urbanization has caused many health and environmental problems; to solve some of these problems, latrines and sewage systems were invented and are still being improved. This development has resulted in exposures of the sewage workers to the multitude of chemicals used in our homes and in the industries. With increasing demands on the sewage systems and new environmental regulations, the transportation and treatment of wastewater has increased in technical complexity. There are about 340,000 sewage workers in India. There is inappropriate use of safety measures and unhealthy environment of sewage workers. These unchanged conditions made them prone to develop health problems by virtue of their occupation. In spite of modern mechanization sewage workers come in the contact with pathogens in sewage and this exposure can occur in both way through wastewater contact or aerosol of disease producing organisms. Exposure to various disease producing agents leads to health hazards include exposure to harmful gases such as methane and hydrogen sulfide, cardiovascular degeneration, musculoskeletal disorders like osteoarthritis changes and Intervertebral disc herniation. This exposure may also results infections like hepatitis, leptospirosis and helicobacter, skin problems, respiratory system problems and altered pulmonary functions. Prevention is an essential component for the interruption of disease occurrence. Periodic education & adequate use of preventive measures can help to reduce morbidity and mortality of sewage workers. It is primary responsibility of Municipality or any other employer to conduct monthly health check up of sewage workers to diagnose and treat the disease at early stage and on other hand appropriate insistence on safety gears on work also required.

Keywords: Sewage, sewage workers, health problems, diseases, occupation, waste water

Research & Reviews: Journal of Medical Science and Technology ISSN: 2349-1272 Volume 3, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Medico-Legal Practice and Physiotherapy: A Study in Mekelle, Ethiopia Kshtrashal Singh*, Hailay Gebremichael Gebrekidan College of Health Sciences, Ayder Referral Hospital, Mekelle University, Ethiopia Abstract The legal and ethical consideration just thinking about practices in physiotherapy profession. Previously people used to think about research; just to link consent form to provide better treatment, but as physiotherapy is an independent profession and doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t depend on any other, so they must follow the medico legal aspects as to provide quality services providing a complete evidence based service will make all the physiotherapist to bind on legal aspects. It is a moral relationship between patient and physiotherapist; because physiotherapy is the only profession where patient and physiotherapist spend long time with each other. The physiotherapist is bound to provide better and quality services to the patient based on informed consent. The legal and ethical considerations regarding informed consent for the evaluation and treatment of patients in physical therapy practice. Therapists traditionally think of informed consent in relation to clinical research, but as the trend toward independent practice and private practice increases in physical therapy, the physical therapist must understand the process of informed consent in relation to patient care. Legal concepts of self-determination and the relationship create a legal foundation for informed consent. The patient's moral right to selfdetermination and the corresponding duty of health professionals to "do no harm" create a strong moral basis for gaining a patient's informed consent. Practical suggestions are offered to physical therapists to help them assess their need for obtaining informed consent.

Keywords: Informed consent, physical therapy, medico-legal aspect

Research & Reviews: Journal of Medical Science and Technology ISSN: 2349-1272 Volume 3, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Perceived Joint Discomfort Rating in Neck and Back Movement away from Neutral in Sitting and Standing Posture Niranjan Kumar1, Prosenjit Patra2* 1

Physioherapy, Dolphin (P.G) Institute of Biomedical & Natural Sciences, Dehradun, Uttrakhand, India 2 Chakrata Road, Manduwalla, Near Suddhowala, Dehradun, Uttrakhand, India

Abstract The objectives of the study is to observe the effects of deviation from neutral position on the perceived joint discomfort rating in neck and back in sitting and standing position. It is an observational study. Subjects were recruited from Dolphin (P.G.) Institute of Biomedical and Natural Science, Dehradun. A total of 40 subjects were recruited for the study on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria after signing the informed consent form. Comparison of perceived joint discomfort was done in different static positions of cervical and lumbar spine between sitting and standing postures. The results show that lateral flexion of the neck was the position in which maximum perceived joint discomfort was recorded both for sitting and standing position, but the difference was statistically, significant only for right lateral flexion. All other positions recorded lesser degrees of perceived joint discomfort but with statistically significant difference between sitting and standing position. Lateral flexion of the back was the position in which maximum perceived joint discomfort was recorded both for sitting and standing position and was statistically significant for right and left lateral flexion. All the other positions also showed statistically significant difference between sitting and standing except for forward flexion. Conclusions show that lateral bending produced the maximum discomfort for both cervical and lumbar static joint postures. The discomfort was more in standing as compared to sitting joint postures.

Keywords: Perceived joint discomfort, neck, back, static posture, sitting, standing

Research & Reviews: Journal of Medical Science and Technology ISSN: 2349-1272 Volume 3, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Problematic Internet use in Engineering Students and Its Relation to Psychosomatic Symptoms Rajesh Kumar*, Kuljeet Kaur SGRD College of Nursing, Vallah, Amritsar, Punjab, India Abstract Problematic internet use (PIU) is a raising phenomena affecting people with varying frequency around the world and has produced negative impacts on the physical and psychological health. This study conducted to find out severity of internet addiction and its relations with psychosomatic symptoms among engineering students. A descriptive correlational survey was conducted comprising 99 engineering students. PIU was assessed by the 20 items Young Internet Addiction Test (YIAT) and psychosomatic problems were assessed by using depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS) and somatic complaints checklist. Of the 99 students, 62 (62.6%) were males and 64.6% belong to 20â&#x20AC;&#x201C;22 years of age group. 6.1% students reported severe internet addiction and it was found positively related to depression (r=.413, p<.01), anxiety (r=.262, p<.01), stress (r=.410, p<.01) and somatic symptoms (r=.0.376, p<.01). PIU is common among engineering students and significantly related with depression, anxiety, stress and other psychosomatic symptoms. Effective measures should be taken to prevent the spread of the disease and intervention to prevent the effects of PIU on psychosomatic symptoms as early as possible.

Keywords: Internet use, students, psychosomatic complaints