Research & reviews journal of medical science & technology (vol3, issue2) by STM Journals Publication

ISSN 2349 - 1272

Research & Reviews

Journal of Medical Science & Technology (RRJoMST) May - August 2014

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I take the privilege to present the hard copy compilation for the [Volume 3 Issue (2)] of Research & Reviews: Journal of Medical Science and Technology. The intension of RRJoMST is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Medical Science and Technology. The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. RRJoMST provides an outlet for Research findings and reviews in areas of Medical Science and Technology found to be relevant for National and International recent developments & research initiative. The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and research in the domain of Medical Science and Technology. Finally, I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board and Authors for their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring writeups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality Research/Reviews findings for our customers base. I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director STM Journals

Research & Reviews : Journal of Medical Science & Technology

Contents

1. Continuous Thoracic Epidural Infusion: A Comparative Study of Fentanyl and Ropivacaine V/S Fentanyl and Bupivacaine in Upper Abdominal Surgery for Postoperative Analgesia Bhatia A., Ajmera P., Sharma M., Navaria R.

2. Visual Reaction Time and Its Relationship with Sex, Age, and BMI in Northern Indian Children's Dhungana H. N., Singh S., Tripathi P., Prakash J., Waseem S. M. A., Tiwari N., Sarthi P.

3. Associated Factors of Low Back Pain among The Workers of Commercial Bank of Ethiopia: Mekelle, North Ethiopia Kshtrashal Singh, Haile Gebremichel Gebrekidan

4. An Epidemiological Profile of Diabetes Mellitus amongst High Risk Age Group: A Community based Study Nadeem Ahmad, Rubeena Bano, R.P. Sharma

5. Infant Cry Analysis for Emotion Detection by using Cross-Correlation Algorithm Malika Narang, Sharda Vashisth

6. Comparison of McKenzie Treatment and Inhibitive Distraction on Cervical Range of Motion, Disability in Subjects with Nonspecific Neck Pain Vivek Chauhan, Apurba Rajbongshi

Research & Reviews: Journal of Medical Science and Technology ISSN: 2319-3417 (online), ISSN: 2349-1272 (print) Volume 3, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Continuous Thoracic Epidural Infusion: A Comparative Study of Fentanyl and Ropivacaine V/S Fentanyl and Bupivacaine in Upper Abdominal Surgery for Postoperative Analgesia Bhatia A.*, Ajmera P., Sharma M., Navaria R. Department of Anaesthesia, NIMS Medical College Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

Abstract To measure and compare the efficacy of analgesia with the both techniques with measurement of changes in hemodynamics, respiratory rate, and SPO2 with the two techniques and to compare their side effects and evaluate the patient’s satisfaction. The random selection of patients was allocated in two groups. Each group consist of 25ASA group I–II patients. Infusion was given at the rate of 0.1 ml/kg/h. Group RF: continuous thoracic epidural infusion of 0.1% ropivacaine +5 µg/ml fentanyl at the rate of 0.1 ml/kg/h. Group BF: continuous thoracic epidural infusion of 0.125% bupivacaine + 5 µ gm/ml fentanyl at the rate of 0.1 ml/kg/h. Post operativeop Aanalgesia was noted by VAS Scale & Verbal Ranking Scale , Degree of Motor Blockade was measured using Modified Bromage Scale and other vital parameters like blood pressure, pulse, SPO2, etc. were noted. The efficacy of the technique on pain at rest was also qualitatively better in patient’s who received fentanyl in combination with local anesthetic agent bupivacaine 0.1%, through majority of patient except 16 and 4% of patient in group A had VAS score of 4 at 2 and 4 h PO and they required a top-up dose. Changes in hemodynamics, respiratory rate, SPO2 were also recorded at the same time. Decrease in mean arterial pressure of approximately 5 and 6% from their base value was observed in group A and B, respectively. No significant changes in pulse rate, respiratory rate, and SPO2 were observed between two groups. It is concluded that a combination of fentanyl with bupivacaine 0.1% provides better dynamic pain relief and also qualitatively a marginal better pain relief at rest after upper abdominal surgery without causing a concernable degree of hypotension or motor weakness.

Keywords: Epidural infusion, Fentanyl, Bupivacaine

Research & Reviews: Journal of Medical Science and Technology ISSN: 2319-3417 (online), ISSN: 2349-1272 (print) Volume 3, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Visual Reaction Time and Its Relationship with Sex, Age, and BMI in Northern Indian Children’s Dhungana H. N.1, Singh S.2*, Tripathi P.2, Prakash J.2, Waseem S. M. A.2, Tiwari N.2, Sarthi P.2 1

Department of Community Medicine, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Lucknow, UP, India 2 Department of Physiology, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Lucknow, UP, India

Abstract Reaction time is a measure of how quickly an organism can respond to a particular stimulus. Reaction time has been widely studied, as its practical implications may be of great consequence. The present study is undertaken keeping in view the conflicting reports about the visual reaction time with respect to different color perception and reaction time in normal children and young adults (6–21 years). In this study, we try to emphasis the change in visual reaction time with respect to sex, age, and BMI. The statistical analysis shows significant correlation among variables.

Keywords: Reaction time, BMI, Statistical analysis, Correlation coefficients

Research & Reviews: Journal of Medical Science and Technology ISSN: 2319-3417 (online), ISSN: 2349-1272 (print) Volume 3, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Associated Factors of Low Back Pain among The Workers of Commercial Bank of Ethiopia: Mekelle, North Ethiopia Kshtrashal Singh*, Haile Gebremichel Gebrekidan Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, Ayder Referral Hospital, Mekelle University, Ethiopia Abstract Its known sitting and standing postures at work vary as to duration and freedom to alternate postures, and standing postures vary as to mobility. The purpose of the study to find out the associated factors of LBP among the bank workers and to find out the impact of demographic, occupational, psychological, and social factors so that bank workers may able to identify the cause, that can control or minimize the risk of LBP. Bank works should provide clear informationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s about every risks they have. This study provides a proper base for, equipment, furniture, and environmental condition which are mandatory in the design of working place of the bank workers. The sedentary life style is always associated with low back pain as bank workers have. This study will help in making aware of the bank workers about their proper posture to avoid any unnecessary stress on lower back to prevent low back pain.

Keywords: Low back pain, Posture, Bank workers

Research & Reviews: Journal of Medical Science and Technology ISSN: 2319-3417 (online), ISSN: 2349-1272 (print) Volume 3, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

An Epidemiological Profile of Diabetes Mellitus amongst High Risk Age Group: A Community based Study Nadeem Ahmad1*, Rubeena Bano2, R.P. Sharma3 1

Department of Community Medicine, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India 2 Department of Physiology, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India 3 Department of Community Medicine, G.S.V.M. Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

Absract The present study was conducted to study the epidemiological profile including prevalence, magnitude, possible associates and sociodemographic variables related to Diabetes mellitus amongst high-risk age group population in urban and rural areas of Kanpur, India. It was a cross-sectional study performed on five thousand populations each in urban and rural areas of Kanpur. The high risk-age group population, i.e., 45 years and above participated in the study. Study variables such as age, sex, education, working status, social class, Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT), Body Mass Index, hypertension, family history of diabetes mellitus etc were collected on a predesigned and pretested performa. Chi-square test and percentages were used for statistical analysis. The overall prevalence of diabetes mellitus amongst high-risk age group population was found to be 7.6% with 11.3% in urban areas and 3.6% in rural areas. The overall maximum prevalence was in 56â&#x20AC;&#x201C;60 years age group. Higher prevalence was observed amongst the graduates and onwards (30.1%), social class-1 (32.1%), sedentary lifestyle (62.5%), obese (19.7%), hypertensives (39.5%), and family history of diabetes mellitus (31.5%). It was observed that 77.7% cases in rural areas and 26.9% cases in urban areas were newly diagnosed.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, high-risk age group, urban area, Body Mass Index

Research & Reviews: Journal of Medical Science and Technology ISSN: 2319-3417 (online), ISSN: 2349-1272 (print) Volume 3, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Infant Cry Analysis for Emotion Detection by using Cross-Correlation Algorithm Malika Narang*, Sharda Vashisth Department of Electronics and Communication, ITM University, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122017 India Abstract Crying is the part of normal behavior of human. It is the first way of communication for the infant after his birth and it is a very positive sign of a new healthy life. There are several reasons for which infant cry including hunger, discomfort, and need for attention. Analysis of infant cry is very useful because infant cry contains useful information, which helps in detecting the nature of infant cry and the reason due to which he/she is crying. Information inside the crying signal is used to detect the infantâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s psychological condition. The analysis of the infant cry easily deduces the state of health of newborn babies. Many research papers have been written on the analysis of infants by using various methods i.e., spectrography, melody shape method, inverse filtering, etc. In this paper we used a different method to detect the emotion of crying infant. Cross-correlation algorithm is used to detect the reason due to which infant is crying. GUI (Graphical User Interface) is developed to study and analyze the reason. In the present work the study is performed for five a reason due to which infant is crying: hascolic, hungry, sad, stomach pain, unhappy.

Keywords: Infant cry, GUI, Cross-correlation, STE (short term energy)

Research & Reviews: Journal of Medical Science and Technology ISSN: 2319-3417 (online), ISSN: 2349-1272 (print) Volume 3, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Comparison of McKenzie Treatment and Inhibitive Distraction on Cervical Range of Motion, Disability in Subjects with Nonspecific Neck Pain Vivek Chauhan*, Apurba Rajbongshi Dolphin (PG) Institute of Bio-Medical & Natural Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India Abstract This is a comparative study to compare the effectiveness of McKenzie method and Inhibitive Distraction on subjects with nonspecific neck pain. A total of 34 subjects were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria through convenient sampling and divided into two groups. Outcome measures were a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) with a 10 cm baseline, a Gravity Inclinometer (Figure 1), and Copenhagen Neck Functional Disability Scale (CNFDS). Result of present study showed that McKenzie treatment and Inhibitive Distraction, both were found to have significant effect for nonspecific neck pain, but McKenzie treatment was slightly more effective than Inhibitive Distraction. Although differences were not particularly large for all outcome measures between the two groups, McKenzie method is an effective treatment for patients with nonspecific neck pain.

Keywords: Cervical range of motion, Inhibitive distraction, McKenzie Treatment