Research & reviews journal of physics(vol3 issue1) by STM Journals Publication

Research & Reviews: Journal of Physics Jan - April 2014

(RRJoPHY) ISSN 2347-9973

STM JOURNALS Scientific

Technical

Medical

www.stmjournals.com

STM Publication(s) STM Publication, a strong initiative by Consortium E-Learning Network Private ltd.(Estd. 2006) was launched in the year 2010 under the support and guidance by our esteemed Editorial and Advisory board members from renowned institutes. Objectives of STM Publication(s): ? Scientific, Technical and Medical research promotions. ? Publication of genuine Research/Review, Short Articles and Case Studies through proper review

process. ? Publishing Special Issues on Conferences. ? Preparing online platform for other print Journals. ? Empowering the libraries with online and print Journals in Scientific, Technical and Medical

domains. ? Publishing and distribution of books on various subjects which mainly falls in the category of Nanotechnology, Scientific and technical writing & Environment, Health and Safety.

Salient Features: ? A bouquet of 100+ Journals that fall under Science, Technical & Medical domains. ? Employs Open Journals System (OJS) A Journal Management & Publishing System. ? The first and one of the fastest growing publication website in India as well as in abroad for its quality and coverage. ? Rapid online submission and publication of papers, soon after their formal acceptance/ finalization. ? Facilitates linking with the other authors or professionals. ? Worldwide circulation and visibility.

Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics (ISSN: 2347-9973) Focus and Scope Covers ? Mathematical Physics ? Experimental Research ? Quantum Mechanics ? Fluid and Plasma Theory ? Experimental & theoretical studies ? Quantum Information Theory Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics is published (frequency: three times a year) in India by STM Journals (division of Consortium e-Learning Network Private Ltd. Pvt.) The views expressed in the articles do not necessarily reflect of the Publisher. The publisher does not endorse the quality or value of the advertised/sponsored products described therein. Please consult full prescribing information before issuing a prescription for any products mentioned in this publication. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system or transmitted in any from without written permission of the publisher. To cite any of the material contained in this Journal, in English or translation, please use the full English reference at the beginning of each article. To reuse any of the material, please contact STM Journals (info@stmjournals.com)

STM Journals (division of Consortium e-Learning Network Private Ltd. ) having its Marketing office located at Office No. 4, First Floor, CSC pocket E Market, Mayur Vihar Phase II, New Delhi-110091, India is the Publisher of Journal. Statements and opinions expressed in the Journal reflect the views of the author(s) and are not the opinion of STM Journals unless so stated. Subscription Information and Order: Cost of Journal: ? National Subscription: Rs. 3750/- per Journal (includes 3 print issues), Single Issue copy purchase Rs.1500/copy ? International Subscription: ? Online Only- $99, Print Only-$149 (includes 3 print issues) ? Online + Print-$199 (includes 3 print issues + online access of published back volumes )

To purchase print compilation of back issues please send your query at info@stmjournals.com Subscription must be prepaid. Rates outside the India includes speed delivery charges. Prices subject to change without notice. Mode of Payment: At par cheque, Demand draft, and RTGS (payment to be made in favor of Consortium E-Learning Network. Pvt. ltd., payable at Delhi/New Delhi. Online Access Policy A). For Authors: In order to provide maximum citation and wide publicity to the authors work, STM Journals also have Open Access Policy, authors who would like to get their work open access can opt for Optional Open Access publication at nominal cost as follows India, SARC and African Countries: INR 2500 or 100 USD including single hard copy of Author's Journal. Other Countries: USD 200 including single hard copy of Author's Journal. B). For Subscribers: ? Online access will be activated within 72 hours of receipt of the payment (working days), subject to receipt of

correct information on user details/Static IP address of the subscriber. ? The access will be blocked: ? If the user requests for the same and furnishes valid reasons for blocking. ? Due to technical issue. ? Misuse of the access rights as per the access policy.

Advertising and Commercial Reprint Inquiries: STM Journals with wide circulation and visibility offer an excellent media for showcasing/promotion of your products/services and the events-namely, Conferences, Symposia/Seminars etc. These journals have very high potential to deliver the message across the targeted audience regularly with each published issue. The advertisements on bulk subscriptions, gift subscriptions or reprint purchases for distribution etc. are also very welcome. Lost Issue Claims: Please note the following when applying for lost or missing issues: ? Claims for print copies lost will be honored only after 45 days of the dispatch date and before publication of the

next issue as per the frequency. ? Tracking id for the speed post will be provided to all our subscribers and the claims for the missing Journals will

be entertained only with the proofs which will be verified at both the ends. ? Claims filed due to insufficient (or no notice) of change of address will not be honored. ? Change of Address of Dispatch should be intimated to STM Journals at least 2 months prior to the dispatch

schedule as per the frequency by mentioning subscriber id and the subscription id. ? Refund requests will not be entertained.

Legal Disputes All the legal disputes are subjected to Delhi Jurisdiction only. If you have any questions, please contact the Publication Management Team: info@stmjournals.com; Tel : +91 0120-4781211.

Publication Management Team Chairman Mr. Puneet Mehrotra Managing Director STM Journals, Consortium eLearning Network Pvt. Ltd.(CELNET) Noida ,India

Group Managing Editor Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director CELNET, Delhi, India

Internal Members Puneet Pandeya Manager Associate Editors Gargi Asha Jha Nupur Anand

Monika Malhotra Assistant Manager Assistant Editors Priyanka Aswal Aditya Sanyal Sona Chahal Himani Garg Himani Pandey

External Members

Dr. Bimlesh Lochab Industrial Tribology Machine Dynamics & Maintenance Engineering Centre (ITMMEC) Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India

Dr. Rajiv Prakash School of Materials Science and Technology, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India

Prof. S. Ramaprabhu Alternative Energy Technology Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai, India

Dr. Rakesh Kumar Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Chemistry, BIT Mesra, Patna, India

STM Journal (s) Advisory Board

Dr. Ashish Runthala

Prof. Bankim Chandra Ray

Lecturer, Biological Sciences Group, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani Rajasthan, India.

Professor and Head, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India.

Dr. Baldev Raj

Prof. D. N. Rao

Distinguished Scientist & Director, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (ICGAR)Kalpakkam, India.

Dr. Baskar Kaliyamoorthy Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology Trichy, India.

Dr. Hardev Singh Virk Professor Emeritus, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, India.

Professor, Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.

Prof. Jugal Kishore Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.

Dr. Pankaj Poddar Scientist, Physical & Materials Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India.

Dr. Nandini Chatterjee Singh Associate Professor, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, India.

STM Journal (s) Advisory Board

Dr. Priyavrat Thareja

Dr. Rakesh Kumar

Head, Materials and Metallurgical Engineering department, PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, India.

Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Chemistry, BIT Mesra, Patna, India

Dr. Shankargouda Patil

Dr. Shrikant Balkisan Dhoot

Asst. Prof., Department of Oral Pathology, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, India.

Head Research & Development, Nurture Earth R&D Pvt Ltd MIT Campus, Beed bypass road, Aurangabad, India.

Prof. Subash Chandra Mishra

Prof. Sundara Ramaprabhu

Professor, Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Department, NIT, Rourkela, India.

Professor, Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India.

Prof. Yuwaraj Marotrao Ghugal Professor and Head Department, Govt. College of Engineering Station Road, Osmanpura, Aurangabad, India.

Editorial Board

Emeritus Scientist, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, India.

Prof. S.C. Agarwal

Kaushik Bhattacharya Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur - 208016, U.P., India.

Dr. Bahniman Ghosh Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT, Kanpur, India.

Prof. Krishnacharya Khare Assistant Professor,Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016, India.

Prof. Gautam Mukhopadhyay Department of Physics, IIT, Bombay, India.

Dr. Rajeev k. Puri Panjab University, Department of Physics, Chandigarh 160014, India.

Dr. Tapobrata Sarkar Associate Professor, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India.

Dr. Shrikrishna Dattatraya Sartale Associate Professor, Department of Physics, University of Pune, 411007, India.

A Subrahmanyam Professor, Ph.D, IIT Kharagpur, India.

Dr. Ajay Thakur Department of Physics, C. M. Science College, Darbhanga, India.

Dr. Kamala Pati Tiwary Department of Physics, Birla Institute of Technology, Patna Campus, India.

Prof. V.D. Vankar Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India.

Director's Desk

STM JOURNALS

I take the privilege to present the hard copy compilation for the [Volume 3 Issue (1)] of Research & Reviews: Journal of Physics (RRJoPHY). The intension of RRJoPHY is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Physics. The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. RRJoPHY provides an outlet for Research findings and reviews in areas of Physics found to be relevant for National and International recent developments & research initiative. The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and research in the domain of Physics. Finally, I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board and Authors for their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring writeups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality Research/Reviews' findings for our customers base. I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director STM Journals

Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics

Contents

1. Field Dependence of Third Order Perturbed Energy of Cobalt Ferrite Thick Films P. Samarasekara

2. Optical Properties of SiO2 Nanoparticles Doped PEO-LiClO4 Nanocomposite Polymer Electrolyte Films S. U. Patil, S. S. Yawale, S. P. Yawale

3. Spectral Analysis and Estimation of Depths to Magnetic Rocks below the Katsina Area, Northern Nigerian Basement Complex S. B. Muhammad, E. E. Udensi, M. Momoh, Y. A. Sanusi, T. Suleiman, O. Ajana

4. Structural Properties and DC Conductivity Study of Barium Hexaferrite Powder Reshma Nandotaria, Atashi Ajmera, Rajshree Jotania

Research & Reviews: Journal of Physics ISSN: 2347-9973 Volume 3, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Field Dependence of Third Order Perturbed Energy of Cobalt Ferrite Thick Films P. Samarasekara* Department of Physics, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka Abstract Third order perturbed classical Heisenberg Hamiltonian was modified to describe the variation of magnetic properties and easy axis orientation of cobalt ferrite films with applied magnetic field and number of layers of the film. According to our theoretical studies explained in this manuscript, the magnetically easy and hard directions of cobalt ferrite films solely depend on in plane and out of plane magnetic fields. According to 3-D and 2-D plots, there are many easy and hard directions at one particular value of in plane or out of plane magnetic field. The magnetic properties were investigated for cobalt ferrite films with thickness up to 10,000 unit cells. The total magnetic energy was calculated for a unit spin of cobalt.

Keywords: Heisenberg hamiltonian, Cobalt ferrite, Perturbation

Research & Reviews: Journal of Physics ISSN: 2347-9973 Volume 3, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Optical Properties of SiO2 Nanoparticles Doped PEOLiClO4 Nanocomposite Polymer Electrolyte Films S. U. Patil1*, S. S. Yawale2 and S. P. Yawale3 1

Department of Applied Physics, Govt. College of Engineering, Chandrapur, India 2 Pre Indian Administrative Services Training Institute, Nagpur, India 3 Department of Physics, Govt. Vidarbha Institute of Science and Humanities, Amravati, India

Abstract The optical transmission and absorption spectra were recorded in the wavelength range 200-800 nm for optimized high conducting concentrations of SiO2 nanoparticles in PEOLiClO4 -m wt% SiO2 polymer matrix. Values of absorption coefficient, direct band gap energy, measure of extent of band trailing or Urbach energy, absorption edge and constant, B, have been investigated by optical characterization method. Effect of concentration of SiO2 nanoparticles in the polymer matrix on these parameters has been discussed. It has been observed that addition of SiO2 nanoparticles increases structural disorder and fluctuations of the internal fields associated with it. Small change in the concentration of SiO2 nanoparticles changes optical properties of nanocomposite polymer matrix. It was also found that direct band gap fits in the lower energy region of fundamental absorption edge.

Keywords: Absorption coefficient, optical energy gap, optical properties, absorption edge, Urbach energy, bang trailing, nanocomposite polymer matrix

Research & Reviews: Journal of Physics ISSN: 2347-9973 Volume 3, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Spectral Analysis and Estimation of Depths to Magnetic Rocks below the Katsina Area, Northern Nigerian Basement Complex S. B. Muhammad1*, E. E. Udensi2, M. Momoh1, Y. A. Sanusi1, T. Suleiman3 and O. Ajana1 1

Department of Physics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto Department of Physics, Federal University of Techonology, Minna

Abstract Airborne magnetic data over the Katsina area of the Northern Nigerian Basement Complex were analyzed and interpreted in this study. The study area covers parts of the Northern Nigerian Basement Complex, bounded by longitudes 7000’ and 80 30’; and latitudes 12030’ and 13030’. Regional-Residual Separation was carried out using Least Square Method. The resulting regional map revealed a regional trend in the NE-SW direction. The magnetic residual values ranged from -329.74 nT to 202.91 nT. Method of spectral analysis was applied to the residual data. The result revealed two distinct layers. The first layer which occupies the high frequency tail is due to the effects of shallower ensembles of magnetic sources and noise in the data. The first layer depth ranges from 0.04 km to 0.74 km. The second layer is associated with the intermediate frequencies and lies between the depths of 0.1 km and 0.80 km. The lowest depth of 0.1 km occurred. Keywords: Spectral analysis, katsina area, basement complex

Research & Reviews: Journal of Physics ISSN: 2347-9973 Volume 3, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Structural Properties and DC Conductivity Study of Barium Hexaferrite Powder Reshma Nandotaria1, Atashi Ajmera2, Rajshree Jotania3* Department of Physics, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, India

Abstract M-type barium hexaferrite powder with chemical composition BaFe12O19 has been synthesized using Co-precipitation method. High purity Nitrates, Oxides and Carbonates of Iron (III), Barium (II) and Ammonium Hydroxide were used as starting materials. The prepared precursors calcined at temperature 950 Â°C for 4 h in a furnace and characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD, TGA and DC conductivity measurements. Microstructure of prepared samples was observed via SEM. X-ray diffraction studies confirm the presence of a single phase with the theoretical space group P63/mmc barium hexaferrite (BaM), which crystallizes in the hexagonal system and has a uniaxial magnetoplumbite structure, displays good chemical stability and structural properties.

Keywords: Barium hexaferrite, XRD, SEM, TGA