Research & reviews a journal of pharmacognosy (vol1, issue2) by STM Journals Publication

May-August 2014

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Editorial Board

Dr. Amita Verma Head, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SHIATS-Deemed University, Allahabad, India.

Dr. Bharat Bhusan Subudhi Associate Professor, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha o Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, India.

Dr. Anita Mahapatra Assistant Professor Dept. of Natural Products National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)Ahmedabad-Gujarat, India.

Dr. George D Geromichalos Head, Dept. Cell Culture, Molecular Modeling & Drug Design Symeonidion Research Center Theagenion Cancer Hospital. Symeonidi , Thessaloniki, Greece..

Dr. K.R. Arya Principal Scientist, Botany Division CDRI, Lucknow,India.

Dr. K.L Krishna Assistant Professor,Department Of Pharmacology, JSS College Of Pharmacy, Mysore,India.

Dr. Laxmidhar Maharana

Miss. Maushmi Shailesh Kumar Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, SPPSPTM, NMIMS University,Vile Parle West, Mumbai, India.

Assistant. ProfessorDepartment. of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSiksha 'o' Anusandhan University Kalinga Nagar, Ghatikia, Bhubaneswar,India.

Dr. Muthyala Murali Krishna Kumar Assistant Professor,College Of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Andhra, India.

Dr. N. A. Raut Assistantt. Professor (Sr. Gr.),Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, India.

Dr. Parasuraman Subramani Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Malaysia.

Dr. Prakash Rambhauji Itankar Assistant Professor (Sr.gr.), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, India.

Editorial Board

Dr. Pratap Sahu Associate Professor Cum Deputy Dean ,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,SOA University, India.

Dr. Snigdha Pattnaik Associate Professor, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'o' Anusandhan University Ghatikia, Bhubaneswar, India.

Dr. Rekha Raghuveer Shenoy Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal ,India.

Dr. Sridevi Chigurupati Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Malaysia.

Dr. Subhash Mandal Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Jadavpur University Kolkata, India.

Dr. Sugato Assistant Professor,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,BIT, Mesra, India.

Dr. Sapna Shrikumar Principal, Moulana College of Pharmacy, Angadtppuram, Malappuram, Kerala, India.

Dr. Arti Gupta Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacognosy ,UKA Tarsadia University, Maliba Pharmacy College, Surat, Gujarat , India

Dr. Surash Ramanathan Associate Professor,Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang.

Mahesh Rao Scientist, National Research Centre on Plant Bitechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi

Dr. N. Silvia Associate Professor, Shri Vishnu college of Pharmacy, Panjagutta, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh , India.

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STM JOURNALS

I take the privilege to present the print version for the [Volume 1 Issue (2)] of Journal of Pharmacognosy. The intension of JoPC is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Pharmacognosy. The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. JoPC provides an outlet for Research findings and reviews in areas of Pharmacognosy found to be relevant for National and International recent developments & research initiative. The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and research in the domain of Pharmacognosy. Finally, I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board and Authors for their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring write ups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality Research/Reviews findings for our customers base. I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director STM Journals

Journal of Pharmacognosy

Contents

1. Indigenous Technical Knowledge Associated with Ethnomedicines in Banwar Village (Gwalior District), Madhya Pradesh, India Mahesh Rao, Narendra S, Sangeeta M, Monika S, Karmakar P, Atmanand T, Sendhil R, Rajagopal V

2. Petroleum Ether, A Laboratory Solvent Induced Cannibalism, Piloerection and Straub Tail Reaction in Rodents Subramani Parasuraman, Gan Siaw Thing, Parayil Varghese Christapher, Sokkalingam Arumugam Dhanaraj

3. Unani Medicinal Plants with Anti-HIV Potential Qamar Uddin, Ahmad Sayeed, Khalid Mehmood Siddiqui

4. Pharmaco-Nutraceutical and Chromatographic Study of Wattakaka Volubilis (Linn. f.) Stapf. Leaves Devika Sharma, Sudipta Roy, Rabinarayan Acharya, Harisha C.R

Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacognosy Volume 1, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Indigenous Technical Knowledge Associated with Ethnomedicines in Banwar Village (Gwalior District), Madhya Pradesh, India Mahesh Rao1*, Narendra S2, Sangeeta M3, Monika S4, Karmakar P5, Atmanand T6, Sendhil R7, Rajagopal V8 1

Scientist, National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India 2 Scientist, Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, India 3 Scientist, National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, India 4 Scientist, Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, India 5 Scientist, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, India 6 Scientist, Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, India 7 Scientist, Directorate of Wheat Research, Karnal, India 8 Scientist, National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, India

Abstract Application of traditional knowledge is considered to be a simple and cost-effective way of immediate protection and well-being of living organisms in the society. However, the technique and its application differ across regions. The main objective of the study was to explore the indigenous techniques applied by the inhabitants of Banwar village, Madhya Pradesh, to protect the health of humans, crops and livestock through ethnomedicines. The investigation has been carried out by a team of trainee scientists inducted for National Agricultural Research System (NARS), India, during 2011-12. Snowball technique has been employed to select the respondents from Banwar. Observations recorded by Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) in the village indicated different indigenous health practices employed by the villagers against various infections. Utilising locally available materials by applying traditional knowledge immensely helped to get immediate relief from the concerned problem. Further, the study revealed that the process is cost-effective, time bound and eco-friendly.

Keywords: Traditional knowledge, Banwar, indigenous techniques, ethnomedicines

Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacognosy Volume 1, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Petroleum Ether, A Laboratory Solvent Induced Cannibalism, Piloerection and Straub Tail Reaction in Rodents Subramani Parasuraman*, Gan Siaw Thing, Parayil Varghese Christapher, Sokkalingam Arumugam Dhanaraj Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Asian Institute of Medicine, Science and Technology (AIMST) University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia

Abstract Petroleum ether is one of the most commonly used solvent in extraction of herbals/biological substances. In pharmacognostical studies, petroleum ether is used as a solvent for extract of herbals which was used for further pharmacological investigation. In a few of their studies, the authors have observed petroleum ether-induced piloerection which may be related to the herbal extract or trace solvent effect. Complete removal of petroleum ether solvent in herbal extract is not possible because most of the time the final extract appears to be sticky-clay-like material. Hence the present study was carried out to find the effect of petrolatum ether induced cannibalism, piloerection and straub tail reaction in rodents. Petrolatum ether was administered once daily at the dose levels of 50, 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg for 14 days. During the study dose dependent changes in behaviour was observed with petroleum ether and cannibalism, piloerection and straub tail reactions.

Keywords: petroleum ether, piloerection, cannibalism, rodents

Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacognosy Volume 1, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Unani Medicinal Plants with Anti-HIV Potential Qamar Uddin*, Ahmad Sayeed, Khalid Mehmood Siddiqui Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine (CCRUM), Janakpuri, New Delhi-110058, India

Abstract Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a result of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection which subsequently leads to severe suppression of immune functions. AIDS is a significant threat to the health of mankind as there is no curative treatment for HIV infection and AIDS. Current anti-retroviral therapies (ART) are quite expensive or unaffordable by common man and are associated with adverse effects and rapid emergence of drug resistance. Therefore, the search for a new, safe, effective and affordable anti-HIV/AIDS drug is a global concern. The aim of this review is to summarize research findings for Unani medicinal plants, which are endowed with the ability to inhibit HIV. The present paper describes 22 Unani medicinal plants which have been shown to inhibit infectivity and replication of HIV. Unani medicinal plants which are most effective and the most commonly studied in relation to AIDS are: Andrographis paniculata, Croton tiglium, Curcuma longa, Hypericum perforatum, Momordica charantia, Phyllanthus urinaria, Polyalthia suberosa and Terminalia chebula. However, clinical studies of these herbs need to be conducted for possible alternative medical treatment of HIV infection and AIDS.

Keywords: Unani medicine, AIDS, HIV RNA, anti-HIV active compounds

Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacognosy Volume 1, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Pharmaco-Nutraceutical and Chromatographic Study of Wattakaka Volubilis (Linn. f.) Stapf. Leaves Devika Sharma1, Sudipta Roy2, Rabinarayan Acharya2, Harisha C.R2 1

Jamia Hamdard University, Department of Botany, New Delhi, India 2 Institute for Post Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, India

Abstract Wattakaka volubilis (Linn.f.) stapf. (Asclepediaceae), twinning shrub, is used as a source plant of Jeevanti, an established drug of Ayurveda. Its leaves are used by the tribal people as a source of vegetable. The present work has been undertaken, to establish the necessary pharmacognostical, nutraceutical, physicochemical and HPTLC characters of leaves of Wattakaka volubilis following standard procedures. Results showed that the leaves are simple, petiolated, opposite, cordate to ovate, hispidly hairy in younger parts. In transverse section the leaf showed collenchyma with paracytic stomata, pericyclic fibers, rosette crystals etc. and stomata is 11â&#x20AC;&#x201C;14 sq/mm in number. The preliminary physio-chemical analysis showed the percentage of total ash (15.6%w/w), acid insoluble ash (2.512%w/w), loss on drying (8.73%w/w) etc. In HPTLC the leaf showed 7 spots in 254 nm and 8 spots at 366 nm. Nutraceuticall analysis showed the presence of nitrogen, vitamin B1, vitamin B3, vitamin B6, vitamin C and folic acid.

Keywords: Dregea volubilis, Jeevanti, Nutraceutical, Pharmacognosy, Wattakaka volubilis