Research &reviews a journal of unani, siddha and homeopathy (vol1, issue1) by STM Journals Publication

Research & Reviews : A Journal of

Unani, Siddha & Homeopathy (RRJoUSH) Jan - April 2014

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Research &Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy Focus and Scope Covers † Ilaj-Bil-Ghiza (Regimenal Therapy) † Research designs, Research Relevant to Unani System of Medicine † Gunapadam (Siddha Pharmacology) † Maruthuvam (Medicine) †

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STM JOURNALS

I take the privilege to present the print version for the Volume 1 Issue (1) of Research & Reviews: A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy. The intension of RRJOUSH is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy. The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. RRJOUSH provides an outlet for Research findings and reviews in areas of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy found to be relevant for National and International recent developments & research initiative. The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and research in the domain of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy. Finally, and Authors for their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board write ups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality Research/Reviews findings for our customers base. I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director STM Journals

Research &Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy

Contents

1. A Novel Technique for Stability Testing of Alliin and Sennosides in Unani Formulations Ghosh A, Shreedhara CS, Shenoy G, Shetty R, Kumar VS, Sanghai DB

2. Contraceptive Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Newly Married Couples Sherwani AMK, Shabnam Ansari, Itrat Malik

3. Effect of Wet Cupping (Hijamat Bil Shurt) in the Management of Secondary Amenorrhea (Ehtebas Tams Sanwi) Parveen R, Shameem

4. Preliminary Analytical Study of Parangipattai Rasayanam (PRM) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; A Siddha Polyherbal Formulation Vithyapathi Velmurugan, A. Muthuvelu, K. Manickavasakam

5. Prevalence of Dysmenorrhea in Different Age Groups K. Tabassum

6. Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Review with Special Reference to Unani Concepts Hina Rehman, Wajeeha Begum, Humyra Tabasum, Farzana Anjum

7. Seasonal Changes and Human Health: A Unani Perspective Malik Itrat, Arshad Jamal, Javed A. Khan, M. A. Siddiqui

Research &Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy Volume 1, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

A Novel Technique for Stability Testing of Alliin and Sennosides in Unani Formulations Ghosh A2, Shreedhara CS1*, Shenoy G1, Shetty R2, Kumar VS1, Sanghai DB1 1

Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India 2 Manipal Acunova, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India

Abstract Unani system of medicines is a science which deals with the preventive and promotive aspects of health of human beings and health problems that arise due to factors like ecological and/or environmental, which include humours categorized as blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile, and different biological fluids circulating in various vessels of the body. There is significant mandate in drug testing for a specific and precise analytical method for the identification of Alliin and Sennosides in various Unani formulations. A novel technique which combines high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) will provide unequivocal thumbprint information for estimation of Alliin and Sennosides in Unani formulations. The objective of the current study is to develop an efficient, simple, cost-effective and steady high-performance liquid chromatography method for the quantification of Alliin and Sennosides in Unani formulations and helps in stability testing of these compounds. The separation of the compounds was achieved in C18 column and positive (Alliin)/negative (Sennosides) ion mode was used for detection in ESI-MS detection.

Keywords: Alliin, imipramine, sennosides, hydrochlorothiazide, LC-MS/MS

Research &Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy Volume 1, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Contraceptive Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Newly Married Couples Sherwani AMK1, Shabnam Ansari2, Itrat Malik1* 1

National institute of Unani medicine, Bangalore, India 2 Government Medical officer, Chattisgarh, India

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude regarding family planning and the practice of contraceptives among newly married couples attending NIUM hospital. This study was cross sectional and observational. Total 150 newly married women from the day of marriage to five-year span, visiting Screening Unit and Family Planning Unit attached with the OPD of Gynecology and Obstetrics of National Institute of Unani Medicine Hospital, Bangalore, were interviewed. Their knowledge, attitude and practice on contraceptives were evaluated with the help of a pretested and semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was conducted to describe the results in percentages. Out of 150 interviewed couples, 31 (20.67%) women had low knowledge index level, 79 (52.67%) had medium knowledge index level, and 40 (26.67%) had high knowledge index level. The media provided information of contraceptives in 77 out of 150 women, while 55 women obtained the knowledge of contraceptives from family members/relatives. Regarding the usage of contraceptive methods, only 58 of the respondents were using some sort of contraception. Out of 58 contraceptive users, 17 were pill users, 23 Cu-T users, 16 condom users and two were using other methods. No one in this group practiced female sterilization. 92 couples had not ever practiced any method of contraception. Positive attitude towards contraception was shown by 122 (81.33%) women, while 28 (18.7%) women had an attitude of disapproval towards contraception. In the present study, there was a low contraceptive use among newly married women despite good knowledge. Motivation through media and family members can help to achieve positive attitude of newly married couples for effective use of contraceptives.

Keywords: Knowledge, practice, contraception, newly married couples

Research &Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy Volume 1, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Effect of Wet Cupping (Hijamat Bil Shurt) in the Management of Secondary Amenorrhea (Ehtebas Tams Sanwi) Parveen R*, Shameem I Ilmul Qabalat wa Amraze Niswan, National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore, India

Abstract Secondary amenorrhea is a common distressing symptom caused by a multitude of pathological processes and its incidence due to polycystic ovarian syndrome is 15–30%. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of wet cupping in patients with secondary amenorrhea. A randomized open-labeled study was carried out at Gynecology OPD of the Institute’s Hospital in Bangalore. Forty patients with secondary amenorrhea due to polycystic ovarian disease, obesity, hyperprolactinemia in the age group of 18– 40 years were included and randomly allocated into two groups (A and B), comprising of 20 patients in each group for interventions. For both the groups, one tablet of habbe mudir consisting of Crocus sativus (Zafran), ferrous sulphate (Heera kasees) each 1 g and Aloe barbadensis (Elwa) 2 g was administered orally with butter milk thrice daily, five days before the expected date of menstruation for three consecutive cycles. In group A, wet cupping was applied over the calf muscles simultaneously on first and fourth day of administration of habbe mudir. Two medium-sized cups were applied for 5–10 min over the calf muscles and drawn blood was measured. Primary outcome measures were restoration of normal menstruation and changes in body mass index, secondary outcome measures were changes in pelvic scan and hormonal profile; were assessed for improvement. Results were analyzed statistically by using student ‘t’ test, Chi-square and Fisher exact test. The inter-group comparison showed that group A was more effective than compared to group B in restoration of normal menstruation and changes in hormonal profile. Wet cupping was more effective than compared to habbe mudir in inducing menstruation. Hence, it can be recommended as an alternate therapy in secondary amenorrhea

Keywords: Secondary amenorrhea, wet cupping, habbe mudir

Research &Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy Volume 1, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Preliminary Analytical Study of Parangipattai Rasayanam (PRM) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; A Siddha Polyherbal Formulation Vithyapathi Velmurugan1,2*, A. Muthuvelu2, K. Manickavasakam2 1

A.T.S.V.S Siddha Medical College, Munchirai, India 2 National Institute of Siddha, Chennai, India

Abstract Parangipattai Rasayanam is a purely herbal product used commonly for the management of Vaatha diseases (anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity), skin diseases, etc. The Parangipattai Rasayanam is an orally administrable pharmaceutical drug which is a combination of 28 ingredients namely Parangipattai (Smilax china, Linn), Kodiveli (Plumbago zeylanica), Amukaraa (Withania somnifera, Linn), Milagu (Piper nigrum, Linn), Thipili (Piper longum, Linn), Omam (Carum capticum benth and Hook), Kurosaaniomam (Hyoscyamus niger, Linn), etc. Lack of standardization of polyherbal formulations creates difficulty in validating the efficacy and maintaining quality of the product. Hence, an attempt has been made to study Parangipattai Rasayanam by analyzing through qualitative analysis. The data evolved in the present study will help maintain the quality of the formulation.

Keywords: Parangipattai Rasayanam, qualitative analysis.

Research &Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy Volume 1, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Prevalence of Dysmenorrhea in Different Age Groups K. Tabassum* National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore, India

Abstract Dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation) is one of the major gynecological problems, encountered in women of reproductive age. It accounts for more than 1/4th gynaec patientsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; visits to the gynecologist. The pain may be spasmodic or congestive type and occurs in lower abdomen, low back or in the thighs. It starts one or two days before onset of menstruation and continues for two days with same intensity or sometimes the pain decreases with the onset of menstruation. Among the forms of dysmenorrhea, the most frequent form occurs in general is spasmodic type in which the pain is colicky in nature and is felt mainly in the hypogastric region and may radiate to the thighs. The present study was designed and conducted to estimate the prevalence of dysmenorrhea in gynecological patients who attended OPD of Department of Ilmul Qabalat wa Amraze Niswan, National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore, during the second half of the year 2013. Out of 824 gynecological cases, 117 patients were of dysmenorrhea. Among them most patients were of reproductive age between 12 and 47 years, both unmarried and married. A detailed history was taken to sort out the cases according to the type, origin of pain and associated symptoms. For this study, the hospital data were taken for finding the prevalence of dysmenorrhea in the target group.

Keywords: Gynecological problem, observation, dysmenorrhea and prevalence

Research &Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy Volume 1, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Review with Special Reference to Unani Concepts Hina Rehman*, Wajeeha Begum, Humyra Tabasum, Farzana Anjum National Institute of Unani medicine, Bangalore, India

Abstract Dysmenorrhea is potentially the most common and most underdiagnosed gynecologic condition. It is characterized by crampy lower abdominal pain radiating to back and thigh. Nausea, vomiting, headache and diarrhea are frequent accompanying symptoms. An excess or imbalance of prostaglandins, vasopressin, and chemical substances derived from phospholipids play an important role in generating primary dysmenorrhea symptoms, although exact pathology is still difficult to understand. An estimated 10–30% of all working or studying women lose 1–3 working days per month due to dysmenorrhea. Despite the high prevalence, most of the girls are under-treated because of common societal beliefs regarding a lack of effective treatment and expectations about the burden of menstruation. Although conventional medicines are the initial first line therapy, some women may not always find them effective or acceptable due to intolerance or contraindications. A number of alternative and complementary therapies are available; Unani system of medicine is one of them. The condition is clearly described by various legendary Unani physicians as Darde Rehm centuries earlier. The focus of this review article is on Unani concept and modern aspect of primary dysmenorrhea.

Keywords: Primary dysmenorrhea, Unani system, prostaglandins, Darde Rehm

Research & Reviews: A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy Volume 1, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Seasonal Changes and Human Health: A Unani Perspective Malik Itrat*, Arshad Jamal, Javed A. Khan, M. A. Siddiqui National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore, India

Abstract Influence of seasonal variations on human health has been a subject of considerable interest in epidemiological studies and observed for centuries. The Unani scholars have given a vivid description about seasonal changes, diseases peculiar to each season and guidelines for maintaining health in a positive and individualized manner in different seasons under the heading of Tadabir-i-Mausam. In every season, air changes to a new temperament. The effect of the changing seasons is not due to the season itself, but to the quality which is changed along with them, for this exerts a marked effect upon the states of the body. As the seasonal changes produce their own characteristic diseases, it is necessary that people should be well acquainted with the prevailing environmental conditions and the necessary measures required to meets them.

Keywords: Seasonal variations, human health, Tadabir-i-Mausam, seasonal diseases