Trends in drug delivery (vol1, issue1) by STM Journals Publication

Trends in

Drug Delivery (TDD) Jan - April 2014

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Dr. Mayur Patel Associate Professor, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Science, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

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Dr. Pranav Shah Associate Professor, Maliba Pharmacy College, Surat, Gujarat, India.

Dr. Rafik Karaman Faculty of Pharmacy Al-Quds University, Jerusalem.

Dr. S. K. M. Habeeb Assistant Prof., Dept. of Bioinformatics, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, India.

Dr. S. Shanmugam Prof. & Head, Dept. of Pharmaceutics, Adhiparasakthi College of Pharmacy, T.N, India.

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Dr. V. Ravichandran Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Semeling ,Kedah, Malaysia.

Dr. Viral Dineshchandra Jagiwala Assistant Professor, SHREE DHANVANTAR Y PHARMACY COLLEGE, Gujarat, India.

Director's Desk

STM JOURNALS

I take the privilege to present the print version for the Volume 1 Issue (1) of Trends in Drug Delivery. The intension of TDD is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area Drug Delivery. The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. TDD provides an outlet for Research findings and reviews in areas of Drug Delivery found to be relevant for National and International recent developments & research initiative. The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and research in the domain of Drug Delivery. Finally, and Authors for their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board write ups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality Research/Reviews findings for our customers base. I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director STM Journals

Trends in Drug Delivery

Contents

1. Formulation and Evaluation of Buccal Mucoadhesive Bilayered Tablets of Enalapril Maleate Pranav Shah, Yogita Gadhethariya, Shailesh Shah

2. Development and Validation of a High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for Related Substances of Raloxifene Hydrochloride in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Formulations Ritesh Mishra, Satish Matkar, Hitesh Malvia, M. Asif Khan

3. Nanoparticles Effects and Applications in Drug Delivery: A Review Ruhi Arora

Trends in Drug Delivery Volume 1, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Formulation and Evaluation of Buccal Mucoadhesive Bilayered Tablets of Enalapril Maleate Pranav Shah*, Yogita Gadhethariya, Shailesh Shah Department of Pharmaceutics, Maliba Pharmacy Collage, Bardoli, Surat

Abstract The buccal mucoadhesive bilayered tablets of Enalapril Maleate were fabricated with objective of avoiding first pass metabolism and prolonging the duration of action. The tablets were prepared by wet granulation wherein, one layer comprised of drug and bio adhesive polymer, whereas second layer consisted of drug free backing layer of ethyl cellulose. Bioadhesive polymers like Carbopol 934P and one either of three HPMC K4M/ HPMC K15M/ HPMC K100M were employed in combination. A backing layer of ethyl cellulose was provided to ensure unidirectional drug release. FTIR and DSC studies indicated absences of drug-excipient incompatibilities. The tablets were evaluated for physical parameters, surface pH, swelling index, assay, bio adhesion strength, ex vivo permeation studies and in vitro release studies. All the batches showed good bio adhesive force in the range of 0.168 to 0.334 N. A direct correlation was found between the concentration of the bio adhesive polymer and the mucoadhesive strength, where as an inverse correlation was found between concentration of polymer and drug release. In order to determine the mode of release, the data was subjected to zero order, first order, Higuchi and Peppas diffusion models. The formulations F4 (containing 30 mg each of HPMC K4M and Carbopol 934P) exhibited in vitro drug release of 101.0% upto 12 h along with satisfactory bio adhesive force 0.31N. Accelerated stability studies (40±20C/75±5% RH for 3 months) of the optimized formulation (F4) showed absence of any significant changes in hardness, drug content, surface pH, bio adhesive force and invitro drug release studies as compared to initial values.

Keywords: Mucoadhesive bilayer tablet, Enalapril Maleate, Carbopol 934P, HPMC, Bioadhesive strength

Trends in Drug Delivery Volume 1, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Development and Validation of a High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for Related Substances of Raloxifene Hydrochloride in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Formulations Ritesh Mishra*, Satish Matkar, Hitesh Malvia, M.Asif Khan API Analytical Research & Development Department, Medilux Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. Pithampur, Dist. Dhar. (M.P.), India

Abstract The development and validation of reversed phase liquid chromatographic method for the determination of the related substances of Raloxifene Hydrochloride (RLH) in bulk and pharmaceutical formulation is describe. This method is simple isocratic for separation of Raloxifene Hydrochloride and related substances from each other in a thirty minutes run time. To the best of our knowledge, no method described previously in the literature has demonstrated resolution of RLH from this set of related substances. No method for the determination of related substances of Raloxifene hydrochloride is currently described in the Indian pharmacopoeia, United State pharmacopoeia or European pharmacopoeia. The proposed method was validated with respect to accuracy, precision, linearity, and specificity. In addition, the method was determined to be robust with regard to the following parameters: mobile phase apparent pH; mobile phase organic content; detection wavelength and time dependence of sample and standard stability.

Keywords: Raloxifene Hydrochloride, related substances, HPLC, pharmaceutical formulation, bulk drug

Trends in Drug Delivery Volume 1, Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com

Nanoparticles Effects and Applications in Drug Delivery: A Review Ruhi Arora* L.M College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India Abstract Physicochemical and biological barriers, pathways for drug delivery, formulation, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic issues, metabolism, and cell culture models used in studying drug delivery are just some of the topics that make drug delivery an exciting field for researchers. Importance of drug delivery to chemists, medicinal and otherwise, has been increased. This paper is all about the Drug Delivery using nanoparticles, toxicological effects, its Applications and use of NP formulations in drug delivery.

Keywords: drug delivery, nanoparticles, nanomedicine, nanotechnology