Centenary of Military Aviation Magazine by Strike Publications

Souvenir Program

RAAF BASE POINT COOK 1 - 2 March 2014

Bristol Boxkite Replica at Point Cook

WARBIRDS FAST JETS MARITIME HELICOPTERS TRANSPORTS WEDGETAIL STATIC DISPLAYS

ng II F-35A Lightni

TER inside! S O P E E R F & Flying program

. . . tradition, innovation, evolution

Welcome to the Centenary of Military Aviation Air Show Welcome to Point Cook, the oldest continually operating military air field in the world.

RAAF Museum Point Cook

Providing national Security

BY THE CONTINENT

Air Show program produced by Strike Publications Pty Ltd ABN 41 010 922 335 T: 07 3282 9019 F: 07 3812 3233 E: info@strikepublications.com.au strikepublications.com.au PO Box 124 Ipswich Q 4305 Managing Editor: John Armstrong Finance: Leann O’Donoghue Advertising: Chris Nelson / Suzette Armstrong Imagery: Courtesy Department of Defence

The theme for this special celebration of Australian military aviation is Tradition, Innovation, Evolution, which has been chosen to reflect the past, present, and future of aviation. As Air Force hosts the celebration of the centenary of Australia’s first military flight on 1 March 1914, we are also focused on maintaining the traditions of service that have built the world’s second oldest air force, the Royal Australian Air Force. Even as we remember those traditions, we are experiencing a period of innovation, with almost every single aircraft type scheduled to have a systems upgrade or be replaced by 2030. The introduction of the EA-18G Growler electronic warfare aircraft, C-27J Spartan battlefield airlifter and P8-A Poseidon maritime patrol aircraft will greatly increase the options for future air and space power, and our relationships with our allies and industry partners will grow to keep pace. We are also on the threshold of an evolutionary change, with the introduction of a fifth generation aircraft. The first Australian F-35A Lightning II (Joint Strike Fighter) is nearing completion and our pilots begin training to fly this aircraft this year. This is not some future dream of capability but a powerful asset for the future.

Air Force personnel, some 18,900 permanent, reserve and civilian men and women, deliver and manage all the elements required to make great air power possible. We are constantly retraining and reskilling our people to meet future challenges. Today, even as this event goes ahead, hundreds of Air Force members are deployed on operations and exercises in Australia and across the world. Air Force continues to be at the forefront when air power is required for coalition operations, or to support peacekeeping, humanitarian and disaster relief. Our aircraft patrol our borders constantly, working with other Defence capabilities to ensure national security. I hope you and your family enjoy this special event and I welcome you to the Centenary of Military Aviation Air Show.

Air Marshal Geoff Brown AO Chief of Air Force

National security extends beyond the battlefield, and so does Lockheed Martin. Our leading-edge technologies in aircraft design, pilot training systems, air traffic management, and satellite communications are helping Australia meet its security challenges on multiple fronts. Along with our game-changing defence systems like the F-35, the Aegis Combat System, and the MH-60R helicopter, Lockheed Martin is committed to meeting the security challenges of today — and tomorrow.

www.lockheedmartin.com.au

Air Show Flying Program 10.00 am

OPENING: Parachutists with Australian Flag

10.05 am

THEN & NOW: Sopwith Pup / F/A-18 Hornet

10.15 am

THE EARLY YEARS: Pup / Tigers (Dogfight)

10.20 am

THE EARLY YEARS: Avro Cadet / DH60 Gypsy / Auster Moth Minor / Stinson / Beech Staggerwing

10.40 am

Tiger Moth

10.45 - 11.10 am

THE FIRST FRONTLINE: Hudson / Boomerang / Kittyhawk Wirraway / Catalina / Mustang

11.10 am

TRAINING THE PILOTS: Winjeels / CT-4

11.20 am

Squirrels

11.35 am

Vampire

11.45 am

Hawk Lead-In Fighter

Australian concept of Air Power In just one century Australian military aviation has evolved from slow biplanes such as the Bristol Boxkite that could barely lift one person, to large, complex machines capable of placing a bomb precisely on target, tracking enemy aircraft 200 kilometres away, or even transporting large numbers of personnel across the world.

11.50 am ‘Southern Knights’ (Aeobatic Team) 12.00 - 12.30 pm LUNCH BREAK 12.30 - 12.50 pm

Roulettes

12.50 - 1.15 pm

WORLD WAR II: Kittyhawk / Spitfire Mustang / C-47 Dakota

1.15 - 1.35 pm

KOREAN WAR: Mustang / Meteor / Sabre

1.35 - 2.00 pm

VIETNAM WAR: Bird Dog / 0-2A / Cessna 180 Iroquois / Caribou

2.00 pm

F/A-18A (ACM)

2.05 pm

FORCE ENABLERS: Wedgetail / KC-30A / F/A-18A

2.20 pm

F/A-18A (Ground Attack)

2.30 pm

F/A-18A (Formation Flying)

2.40 pm

TRANSPORT: King Air / C-130 Hercules / C-17

3.00 pm

MARITIME: AP-3C

3.15 pm

ADVANCED FIGHTER: F/A-18F Super Hornet Disclaimer: Program correct at time of printing.

The flying program will be repeated on both days of the Air Show.

We thank our sponsors ...

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The first widespread use of military aircraft to support warfare was during World War I. While aircraft were used initially for reconnaissance over enemy territory, military commanders started to develop concepts using aircraft in other ways. Aircraft were fitted with guns for use against enemy aircraft, and to bomb enemy targets firstly by pilots simply dropping bombs and then by way of bomb racks mounted under aircraft wings. During the Battle of Hamel in July 1918 the Australian Flying Corps (AFC) even developed a system of delivering ammunition to advancing troops by parachute. Little attention was given to concepts that employed air power in support of warfare within Australia. One of the few officers who considered air power theory was Captain, later Air Vice-Marshal, Henry Wrigley, who recorded his ideas and published a book ‘The Battle Below’ in 1935. During World War II Australian-trained aircrew and squadrons in Europe and the Middle East flew missions under the directions of British commanders. Australians had limited input to the strategies employed in air operations, whether for bomber missions over Europe, fighter operations in North Africa or anti-submarine patrols over the Atlantic. In the South West Pacific theatre, RAAF squadrons operated under the strategies and directions of US Army Air Force commanders. Even during the Korean and Vietnam wars RAAF squadrons operated under the air power concepts and doctrine of other countries. This situation was not resolved until 1987 when Air Marshal Ray Funnell became Chief of the Air Staff. Funnell was a former fighter pilot and F-111 pilot, but also a military scholar. He believed that the role of air power had been undervalued and that RAAF had failed to educate the Government and other Services on the principles of air power. Under his direction the RAAF drafted Australia’s first publication on air power, and in 1990 Australia abandoned the British doctrinal manual it had followed since 1957 and introduced the first RAAF Air Power Manual outlining Australia’s air power doctrine.

AS AT 14 FEB 2014

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Birthplace of the RAAF - Point Cook RAAF Museum Point Cook Restored Boston Bomber on display at the Museum

Military aviation history takes flight at RAAF Museum

On 1 March 1914, No 1 Flight of the Australian Flying Corps (AFC) commenced military flying in Australia. Lieutenant Eric Harrison took to the skies in a Bristol Boxkite. The Bristol Boxkite was first manufactured in July 1910 by the British and Colonial Aeroplane Company, set up by George White, the Bristol born electric tram millionaire. White based his design on the earlier Henry and Maurice Farman pusher biplane and, on advice from the British War Office, the Australian Government purchased the Bristol Boxkite for pilot training. Constructed of wood, linen and wire, and powered by a single 50 horsepower (37kW) Gnome rotary four piston engine, the Boxkite had a top speed of 64 kilometres per hour. The aircraft had no safety belts and the only instrument was an engine oil indicator. With its light weight of approximately 550 kilograms and its low power, the Bristol Boxkite was at the mercy of

strong winds, so Boxkite flying had to be conducted either early in the morning or in the evening. The Bristol Boxkite was used to train Australia’s pilots for four years and a Boxkite manufactured by the Central Flying School at Point Cook later became the first military aircraft to be constructed in Australia. Its maiden flight took place on 10 August 1915. There were frequent crashes in the Boxkite, but no pilots were killed. Pilots were, however, expected to assist mechanics to repair any damage to the aircraft. Today, very few boxkite aircraft remain. An airworthy replica of the aircraft has recently been completed at the RAAF Museum by a team of enthusiasts led by Group Captain (retired) Ron Gretton AM and Wing Commander (retired) Geoff Matthews. The replica has recently completed test flights under the control of Air ViceMarshal Mark Skidmore AM. The Boxkite replica will be on public display for the first time at the Centenary of Military Aviation Air Show.

The RAAF Museum at Point Cook is the birthplace of Australian military aviation and the Royal Australian Air Force. The Museum is a treasure house of priceless artefacts and fascinating stories dating back to the earliest days of the Australian Flying Corps in 1914. The display galleries incorporate the latest in multimedia technology and techniques which take the visitor back to the beginnings of military aviation in World War I through to today’s sophisticated fighting force. In addition to items displayed in the permanent galleries, the Museum has a changing Special Exhibition which provides visitors with the opportunity to learn about different aspects of the RAAF in greater detail. The RAAF Museum showcases more than thirty aircraft on static display. The 1916 Maurice Farman biplane, World War I biplanes Avro 504K and SE5a, Tiger Moth, Sabre jet fighter, World War II Boston bomber, Macchi jet trainer, UH-1B helicopter from Vietnam, an F4-E Phantom and the F-111 are among some of the aircraft on display. RAAF Museum aircraft operate regularly as part of an Interactive Flying Program each Tuesday, Thursday and Sunday at 1.00pm (excluding Christmas and New Year). The program introduces visitors to the history of military aviation and provides an opportunity to view the aircraft close and ask questions of the pilot before he takes to the sky. Flying aircraft include the Winjeel, CT-4, Tiger Moth, Sopwith Pup, Mustang, as well as special visiting aircraft. The newly completed replica of the Bristol Boxkite will be on display at the RAAF Museum after the Centenary of Military Aviation Air Show. Museum staff and volunteers are always on hand to elaborate on the stories depicted by the Museum’s displays, and to answer any questions.The Museum is an important part of Australia’s aviation history and brings this history to life for family members of all ages.

C-130J Hercules overflies RAAF Base Point Cook

In 1913, Lieutenant Henry Petre selected a parcel of 734 acres of coastal grazing land at Point Cook for the purpose of establishing a flying school for the Australian Flying Corps (AFC). As flying was still highly experimental at the time, the area’s sea-level altitude and lack of hills made it ideal for flying training and development. The newly formed ‘Central Flying School’ started operations with only two officer instructors and a few mechanics. The first military flight in Australia took place on 1 March 1914 when Lieutenant Eric Harrison took off in a Bristol Boxkite aircraft. The first flying training course began in August of that year with just four student pilots. During World War I, flying courses at Point Cook produced 120 pilots for the Australian Flying Corps, many of whom assembled at Point Cook for their departure from Australia to the War. Point Cook expanded during the 1920s, with the RAAF’s seaplane and fighter elements based there until the 1930s, along with cadet training. During this period Point Cook was also the departure point for several historic flights including the first trans-Australia flight in 1919, the first round-Australia flights by seaplane and landplane in 1924, and the first military flight outside Australia in 1926. During World War II, Point Cook was a major centre for both air and ground training, with some 2700 pilots graduating from flying courses. In addition, more than 7000 personnel graduated from wireless telegraphy and cipher courses. Training

was also conducted for seaplanes, general reconnaissance and navigation, and air armament. After the war, Point Cook continued its flying training role, hosting a range of courses for Air Force, Army and Navy personnel until as late as 1992. At various times, Point Cook was the site of the RAAF College (later renamed the RAAF Academy), RAAF Staff College, Officer Training School, RAAF Institute of Aviation Medicine, RAAF School of Languages and Air Force Training Group Headquarters. In August 2003 the Government announced that Point Cook would be sold as freehold land, but reviewed this decision after intense public campaigning. In February 2004, the Government decided to retain Point Cook in public ownership, and in 2005 it announced that the base would be retained indefinitely for Defence use. In 2007, Point Cook was included in the National Heritage List. Point Cook’s base design influenced the planning and development of later military aviation bases throughout Australia. The base includes rare examples of buildings specific to the pre World War I, World War II and the Inter War periods. These include the oldest hangars and workshops in Australia built in 1914 and 1917; the Australian Flying Corps complex, including the seaplane jetty, which date from 1916 and operated until 1937; the hydroplane hangar built in 1914, and the seaplane complex dating from the late 1920s. Today, Point Cook is still a working RAAF Base, and is home to the RAAF Museum and Headquarters No 21 Squadron. It is recognised as the oldest continually operating military air field in the world, the home of the Royal Australian Air Force, and the birthplace of Australian military aviation.

Point Cook is associated with many notable individuals who influenced Australia’s military and commercial aviation. Richard Williams graduated from the first AFC training course in 1914 and served with distinction during World War I. For his role as Chief of Air Staff from 1922 until 1939, Sir Richard Williams became known as the ‘father’ of the RAAF. Thomas White also graduated from the first AFC training course and served with distinction in World War I. In 1915 he was captured by the Turkish Forces and later escaped via Russia. He later became the Minister for Air and Civil Aviation from 1949-51 and was knighted. Other aviation pioneers directly associated with Point Cook also include civilian trailblazers such as Sir Charles Edward Kingsford Smith MC, AFC, Charles Thomas Philippe Ulm AFC, Sir Alan John Cobham, KBE, AFC, and Charles William Anderson Scott, AFC.

boeing.com.au

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World War I

Australian Airmen In the Middle East 1 Squadron AFC arrived in Egypt in April 1916 to support British Army and Australian Light Horse formations fighting Turkish and German forces in Palestine. Flying a mixture of aircraft types, the squadron took on tasks including reconnaissance, photography, bombing and air fighting. As it was now possible to see and

Fighting the first war in the air required all new tactics, training and equipment. As part of the army, the AFC operated in support of Allied ground forces in Belgium and France but developed a distinct Australian identity. Three AFC squadrons served on the Western Front between 1917 and 1918, integrated with the British Royal Flying Corps. 2 and 4 Squadrons were equipped with single-seat SE5a, Sopwith Camel and Snipe ‘fighting scout’ aircraft, and 3 Squadron with RE8 twoseat reconnaissance machines. Flying and fighting the Germans over the Western Front in open cockpits was as uncomfortable as it was dangerous. Pilots and observers did not wear parachutes. Captain George Jones, a Sopwith Camel pilot

Flying Training in World War I

Between 1917 and 1918, four Australian Flying Corps training squadrons were based in Gloucestershire, England. 5 and 6 Squadrons were located at Minchinhampton and 7 and 8 Squadrons at Leighterton. At these squadrons newly qualified aircrew were given advanced flying instruction prior to being posted to the AFC’s combat squadrons in Western Europe and Palestine. Australian aircraft mechanics were trained at Halton Camp in England. Flying training was dangerous during this period. Twenty-five Australians who were killed during their training are buried at Leighterton cemetery in England. 275mm Live

Over the Western Front

with 4 Squadron, later wrote: “We all wore knee-length leather coats, fur-lined leather flying helmets, goggles, fleecy-lined thigh boots and silk gloves beneath our leather gauntlets, but even with all that we suffered and found it very difficult to concentrate at times because of the cold.” Several hundred Australians also served with the Royal Flying Corps and the Royal Naval Air Service. These elements combined to become the Royal Air Force in April 1918. 178 Australian airmen had been killed in World War I by the time the war ended on 11 November 1918. 297mm Trim

Australian pilots and mechanics from Point Cook were soon to take part in the campaign against German colonial forces in New Guinea. However, the rapid capture of Rabaul in November 1914 by Australian naval and land forces left the small Australian Flying Corps (AFC) contingent with little to do and it returned to Melbourne with two aircraft still packed in crates. On 20 April 1915, four officers and forty-one airmen commanded by Captain Henry Petre sailed from Melbourne for Mesopotamia (now Iraq). Known as the Half Flight, the Australians were to operate with British forces against the Turkish Army with aircraft supplied from India. Flying primitive aircraft in a harsh climate, the Half Flight fought until almost all of the original aircraft were destroyed and three of the four pilots were dead or captured. Lieutenant George Merz was the first Australian airman to be killed in action when his Caudron aircraft force-landed in the desert and hostile tribesmen killed him and his New Zealand observer. Turkish forces later captured nine Australian mechanics after the siege of Kut, and seven of these men later died as prisoners of war.

strike beyond the enemy’s front line for the first time, Australian airmen in the Middle East took a leading role in the development of air power. Unlike the Western Front, fighting in the Middle East was highly mobile allowing aircraft to find and attack the enemy across vast distances. By September 1918, Turkish defences in Palestine were collapsing and 1 Squadron AFC, along with British squadrons, bombed and destroyed most of the Turkish Seventh Army of 7000 men. Lieutenant-Colonel Richard Williams, who planned the attack, later wrote that “The Turkish Seventh Army ceased to exist and it must be noted that this was entirely the result of attack from the air.” 1 Squadron AFC also supported Colonel T.E. Lawrence’s Arab Army with Bristol fighter aircraft and a giant Handley Page bomber.

307mm Bleed

The start of World War I in August 1914 coincided with the commencement of military flying training in Australia.

ENDURING PARTNERSHIP

The partnership between Boeing and Australia is built on a shared commitment to prosperity and security. It’s a commitment for Boeing that starts with a strong industrial presence and a Global Supply Chain that Australia is integral in supporting. Add to that a track record of performance on programs such as C-17 and Super Hornet

Photos (clockwise from top left): Bristol Fighter over the Pyramids in Eygypt during World War I. Lieutenant Colonel Richard Williams commanded 1 Squadron Australian Flying Corps flying Bristol F.2 fighters at Mejdel. Captain Adrian ‘King’ Cole and cadets of AFC with Sopwith Pup. Aircrew of 1 Squadron, Australian Flying Corps, standing in front of one of the squadron’s Bristol F2B biplane fighter aircraft. Twin-seat RE8 of 3 Squadron AFC being prepared for a flight over the Western Front during World War 1.

and you have an enduring partnership that Australia can count on, always.

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Formation of the Air Force

On 1 January 1920, the Australian Air Corps (AAC) was established as part of the Commonwealth Military Forces, intended as a temporary body to maintain existing equipment until a permanent organisation could be created. As well as conducting training and public flying displays, the AAC carried out surveys of aerial routes. It was September 1920 before funding to establish an efficient air force and commercial air service was announced by Prime Minister W.M. Hughes, a self-professed aviation fanatic. Despite the Prime Minister’s enthusiasm the final step of bringing the Air Force into being was delayed by the Government. Lieutenant Colonel Richard Williams, the principal military adviser on air matters, believed this situation might not be resolved quickly, so he focused on the Government’s desire to use military aircraft to trial the establishment of air mail services in some of Australia’s more remote areas. Williams advised that trials of such an air mail service could not begin until the proposed air force had been formally

established. With this argument, Williams was able to win approval for creation of an air force, and the Australian Air Force was inaugurated on 31 March 1921. Official approval for the prefix ‘Royal’ to be added to the new Service’s name was granted on 31 August 1921. Thus, the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) was born. The initial strength of the RAAF was 151 aircraft, of which 129 had been provided through the Imperial Gift. These included thirty-five Avro 504K trainers, thirty-five SE5A fighters, thirty DH9A general purpose aircraft and twenty-nine DH9 day bombers. There were just 149 RAAF servicemen, including 21 officers. A single mixed RAAF Squadron, 1 Squadron, operated from Point Cook. The RAAF was intended to be war-ready to take its place among the Air Forces of the British Empire. This meant the Air Force’s structure and objectives closely mirrored that of the British military system. The only modifications to RAF principles were to compensate for local

geography and weather conditions. Range and reliability were issues for the first aircraft types and, due to the vast expanse of Australia’s land mass, these initial aircraft were not effective strategic defence platforms. Consequently, in April 1925, Chief of the Air Staff, then Wing Commander Richard Williams, submitted a memorandum on the air defence of Australia in which he made a case for a nine-year program to increase the RAAF to 18 squadrons and a dozen flights, providing an Air Force presence in every state. He was privately concerned that the RAAF was fighting a losing battle with the Army and Navy, for the RAAF to obtain adequate air defence requirements. The intra-war years continued to be a difficult time for the RAAF, with the Service regularly contending with critics who believed in a national defence policy based on the imperial defence strategy and the primacy of naval power.

Despite these obstacles, the RAAF achieved many aviation feats during its formative years. In 1924, RAAF pilots Wing Commander Goble and Flight Lieutenant McIntyre flew the first round-Australia flight in a Fairey 111D Seaplane, and in 1926 Richard Williams and McIntyre completed a flying tour of Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands to reconnoitre flying conditions and possible approaches to Australia by a future adversary.

Royal Australian Air Force – A Century of Military Aviation Victoria is proud to support the Royal Australian Air Force and pay tribute to the men and women who have protected Australian skies for over a century.

Photos (clockwise from top left): A6 DH.9 at Point Cook in 1926. Sopwith Pup of 1 Squadron. SE.5A (Scout Experimental) downed enemy planes during the latter stages of World War I. First aerial circumnavigation of Australia in 1924, by Wing Commander ‘Jimmy’ Goble and Flying Officer Ivor McIntyre in a Fairey III Seaplane, just three years after the formation of the RAAF. Wing Commander Richard Williams with his crew in front of a Fairey 111D Seaplane in 1926.

Our State is the heartland of advanced manufacturing and today is a global innovative supplier of aviation technology and services. The Victorian Government congratulates the Royal Australian Air Force on a Century of Military Aviation. F35 – Joint Strike Fighter project 70% of total Australian work manufactured in Victoria

Capable. Progressive. Innovative. Strong.

Opposite page (from left): Aircrew and DH.9A at RAAF Station Point Cook. Aircrew of a DH.9A prepare to depart from Point Cook. DH.50A aircraft on the foreshore of Point Cook.

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The RAAF in World War II

World War II started as it ended, with actions from the sky when Germany’s Luftwaffe attacked targets along the Vistula River in Poland on 1 September 1939. This began a conflict that engulfed the world for nearly six years. Australian airmen were involved from the very beginning of the air war, when an Australian airman flew in the first Royal Air Force (RAF) bombing raids one day after the war began. British Blenheim and Wellington bombers attacked German naval ships at Brusbuttel and Wilhelmshaven. The RAAF’s contribution continued until the very last day of the war in the Pacific when, on 15 August 1945, 100 Squadron carried out a strike on Japanese positions. The expansion of the RAAF during World War II included the formation of the Women’s Auxiliary Australian Air Force (WAAAF). Established in March 1941 to release men for service in forward locations, the WAAAFs demonstrated their invaluable service in many important roles but were prevented from serving overseas on operations. In total 189,700 men and 27,000 women served in the RAAF during World War II, with 10,562 killed.

Participation in RAF Operations From 1926 to 1938, the RAAF had already been providing trained pilots for service in Britain, however, by the end of 1939 a much larger system of training to provide aircrew for service was established. Known as the Empire Air Training Scheme, this system resulted in some 37,000 RAAF members being trained and sent to fly as part of RAF squadrons. While some were to serve in notionally Australian squadrons, many more – the famous ‘Odd Bods’ – were sent to RAF Squadrons across the globe for service in Fighter Command, Coastal Command, Bomber Command, the Desert Air Force, India, the Far East and the 1st and 2nd Tactical Air Forces in Europe. As a result RAAF members actively took part in every major air campaign of World War II either as part of RAF or in RAAF formations.

Coastal Command The first RAAF Squadron to enter the air war was 10 Squadron. Airmen from this squadron were in Britain to collect new Sunderland flying boats for operations in Australia. Instead, the unit was reinforced with additional personnel and began surveillance and anti-submarine patrols in February 1940 as part of the RAF’s Coastal Command. Operating over the Atlantic, Bay of Biscay and the Mediterranean, 10 Squadron was later joined by RAAF members operating Hudsons, Whitleys, Wellingtons, Sunderlands and Catalinas in Coastal Command’s antisubmarine campaign against the U-Boats. RAAF squadrons or individual RAAF members accounted for the destruction of 18 U-boats out of the total of 211 destroyed by Coastal Command.

Bomber Command It was Bomber Command that took the war directly into Germany. The aim was to destroy Germany’s transportation system and industrial capacity, as well as demolish the civilian population’s morale. Bombing targets across Germany, as well as locations in Italy, Bomber Command maintained the longest offensive campaign of World War II. This campaign was also the most costly, with over 55,000 allied airmen losing their life while flying on Bomber Command operations. Eight RAAF squadrons flew with Bomber Command, and many more Australians fought as individuals within RAF squadrons against a formidable array of ground and air defence systems, including flak from anti-aircraft guns and prowling

night fighters. Of the approximately 10,000 RAAF personnel who served with Bomber Command, 3,486 were killed. Two Australian airmen were awarded the Victoria Cross for their actions while serving in Bomber Command. On 4 July 1941, “Acting” Wing Commander Hughie Edwards became a recipient of the Victoria Cross for a daylight raid on the German seaport of Bremen. Edwards both planned and led the raid on Bremen. Flight Sergeant Rawdon Hume Middleton was awarded a posthumous Victoria Cross while piloting a Stirling bomber with 149 Squadron for his actions during and after a raid over Turin on 28/29 November 1942. Thirteen Australians, including three flying as aircraft commanders, helped crew the 16 Lancaster bombers in the famous Dambuster raid against the Ruhr’s Mohne and Eder dams on 16 and 17 May 1943.

North Africa/Mediterranean/Italy The RAAF also played a significant role in the Mediterranean and North Africa campaigns. Italy entered the war just days before the defeat of France and invaded Egypt. The Italian Air Force was effectively destroyed by air formations that included the RAAF’s 3 Squadron flying Gladiators, and later, Hurricanes and Tomahawks. In May 1941, 3 Squadron took part in the invasion of Vichy-French Syria and targets in Lebanon before returning to North Africa in August to become part of the Desert Air Force in support of the British 8th Army. On 4 December 1941, Australian fighter-ace Clive

‘Killer’ Caldwell shot down five enemy aircraft in a single sortie near El Gubi while flying with the RAFs 250 Squadron. In 1942, several RAAF squadrons were formed in the Middle East, with seven serving in this theatre of operations. During 1943, Australian squadrons of the Desert Air Force undertook missions in support of desert operations, which ultimately led to the recapture of Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. From 1943 until the war’s end in Europe in May 1945, Australians from the Desert Air Force also flew missions in support of the invasion of Sicily and the long offensive northwards along the Italian peninsula. In September 1943, the RAAF’s 3 Squadron became the first Allied squadron to operate on Italian soil when they were sent to support the beleaguered landing force at Salerno Bay.

Invasion of Europe Australian pilots and crews played their part in the successful D-Day landings at Normandy on 6 June 1944, the largest seaborne invasion in history. RAAF squadrons and members served as crews with transport and fighter aircraft, as well as Coastal and Bomber Command aircraft such as Spitfires, Mosquitoes and Lancasters. The RAAF’s 451 Squadron also flew supporting missions in the Allied invasion of southern France in June 1944. Soon after the Allied invasion of occupied Europe the Germans launched their vengeance weapon, the V-1 ‘doodlebug’. RAAF squadrons flew missions against launch sites in Belgium and France, and on 19 June 1944, Warrant Officer Adcock flying a Tempest with the RAF’s 3 Squadron was the first Australian to bring down a flying V-1.

War with Japan One day after the attack on US forces at Pearl Harbor, the RAAF’s 1 Squadron, 8 Squadron and 452 Squadron engaged Japanese forces invading the Malay Peninsular. Later, on 19 February 1942 Darwin was bombed by 188 Japanese aircraft launched from four carriers positioned in the Timor Sea and 54 land-based aircraft. For the first time in its history Australia came under

direct air attack. The ongoing air defence of Darwin and Northern Australia was also to be the first time that Australians would die in the skies while defending their nation. As a result of the growing threat to Australia, the Australian Prime Minister John Curtin recalled forces from the Middle East and drew up plans to rapidly expand its military forces, including the Air Force. By March 1944, the RAAF had seven squadrons operating out of the Northern Territory and on the east coast of Australia there were 13 RAAF Squadrons. The new RAAF capability was soon put to the test. Within days of its formation in February 1942, 75 Squadron was deployed to Port Moresby to defend the Army garrison from Japanese air attacks. The successful air defence of Port Moresby was followed by the air campaign over the Kokoda Track, with the battle-turning contribution at the Battle of Milne Bay and an air campaign that first isolated Japanese forces in Papua New Guinea and then contributed to their destruction. The RAAF also took part in the Battle of the Bismarck Sea, considered by US General Douglas MacArthur as “the decisive aerial engagement of the war in the southwest Pacific”. During the war against Japan, Flight Lieutenant William ‘Bill’ Newton of the RAAF’s 22 Squadron was awarded the Victoria Cross in recognition of ‘great courage and iron determination to inflict the utmost damage to the enemy’ throughout the 52 operations he carried out between May 1942 and March 1943. Through a quirk of fate, Bill Newton remains the only Australian to have been awarded a VC while actually flying in a RAAF squadron.

Further west, over the Indian Ocean and in the region north of Darwin, RAAF individuals and squadrons were involved in heavy engagements against the Japanese threat. From combat above Rangoon, defending Colombo or Trincomalee in Ceylon (modern-day Sri Lanka), Australian pilots and air crew took the fight directly to the enemy, often against vastly superior odds. By 1944, RAAF personnel had also fought above Burma. Throughout the region, RAAF airmen operated aircraft types such as the Spitfires, Hurricane and Thunderbolt fighters; Vultee Vengeance dive-bombers; Blenheim, Wellington and Liberator bombers. Catalina flying boats flew long-range missions that included mine laying, anti-submarine warfare, night bombing raids as well as search and rescue. Further combat engagements against Japanese forces continued across the SouthWest Pacific region, including the Solomons, Bougainville, Rabaul, and Hollandia in West Papua. The RAAF conducted a range of missions against maritime and land targets. RAAF pilots and aircrew were killed in operations right up to the last, until it was finally brought to an end by the dropping of atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945.

Photos opposite page (clockwise from top left): RAAF Catalina flying boat of 43 Squadron RAAF. RAAF Spitfire during World War II (1943). RAAF Liberators on a bombing raid in 1944. Lancaster bombers were part of the Allied invasion of southern France in 1944. Photos this page (clockwise from top): Gloster Gladiators in North Africa 1940. Wirraway formation in 1942. RAAF Beaufort Bombers in formation.

1921 - 1952

The RAAF operated a variety of aircraft during the years 1921 to 1952: First row (left to right): Supermarine Seagull V (1934). Bristol Beaufort, first aircraft mass-produced in Australia. CA-13 Boomerang, developed from the Wirraway. Second row: de Havilland Mosquito, constructed mainly with shaped pieces of wood and plywood, enabling light weight and extended range. Curtis P-40 Kittyhawk, as flown by wartime ace Wing Commander â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Killerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Caldwell who scored over 20 victories. Avro Lincoln bombers at RAAF Base Amberley (circa 1950). Third row: S-51 Helicopters hovering formation over tarmac at Aircraft Research & Development Unit, RAAF Base Laverton. Douglas NA 16 - predecessor of the Harvard and Wirraway. Pilots of No 457 (Grey Nurse) Squadron RAAF prepare to return to Australia from Labuan, Borneo in October 1945. Background photo: Bristol Boxkite pre-flight check (circa 1914).

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WE’VE TRAINED GENERATIONS OF MILITARY AVIATORS

The Korean War

The RAAF played a significant role in the Korean War where, for the first time in history, fighter jets fought each other in major battles. The Korean War started on 24 June 1950, when communist North Korea invaded South Korea. A few days later, United States President Harry Truman ordered US troops to aid the South, convincing the United Nations (UN) to authorise military action in what was described diplomatically as a ‘police action’. On 2 July 1950, airmen from the RAAF’s 77 Squadron stationed at Iwakuni, Japan, with the British Commonwealth Occupation Force (BCOF) commenced flying missions into Korea in their North American P-51 aircraft. The squadron moved from Japan to Pohang, South Korea and to Yonpo, North Korea as part of the UN forces advance. On 1 November 1950, six Mikoyan-Gurevich (MiG-15) jet fighters from China attacked US Air Force aircraft. With the Chinese Army now actively involved in the war, the UN forces were pushed south in a fighting withdrawal. 77 Squadron’s piston-engined Mustangs were no match for MiG-15s, so the squadron was withdrawn to Pusan, South Korea where it continued to support UN ground forces.

On 7 April 1951, 77 Squadron returned to its base at Iwakuni, Japan, to convert to the jetpowered British Gloster Meteor Mk 8. Once training was completed, the squadron’s Meteors moved to Kimpo, South Korea, where they flew their first operational fighter sweep on 29 July 1951. RAAF Meteors fought MiG-15s for the first time on 25 August 1951, and over the next month each side lost aircraft. In a major engagement on 1 December 1951, 77 Squadron lost three Meteors but claimed two MiGs. Outperformed by MiGs, the Meteors were modified to carry rockets and were then assigned ground attack missions for the remainder of the war, where they operated with distinction. In March 1953 Flight Sergeant George Hale, engaged in combat, was credited with one MiG-15 probably destroyed and one MiG-15 damaged. This was the last occasion on which RAAF were engaged in air-to-air combat, to the present day. When the Armistice came into effect 27 July 1953, 77 Squadron had conducted 18,872 individual sorties, losing 42 pilots, with seven captured. The squadron returned to Australia in December 1954. Throughout the Korean War the members of 77 Squadron operated

with outstanding courage and determination. Other RAAF units were also involved in the Korean War. Dakota transport aircraft of 30 Communication Unit (renamed 30 Transport Flight and, later, 36 Squadron) maintained an air-link between Japan and South Korea. Between January 1951 and December 1953, the unit evacuated 12,762 wounded and sick personnel from Korea. 391 Base Squadron provided base facilities to personnel and equipment assigned to the Korean War, and 491 Maintenance Squadron provided maintenance for RAAF aircraft in Japan and Korea. The Korean War marked a transitional period in the development of air power. Jet fighter aircraft had proved superior to their propeller equivalents in certain types of combat, and helicopters had made their first significant appearance, heralding the potential that was to become obvious in later conflicts. The war highlighted the cost of failing to maintain pace with technological advances in aviation. Photos (clockwise from top): Sergeant George Hale, pilot of Gloster Meteor nicknamed “Halestorm” of 77 Squadron. Gloster Meteor of 77 Squadron in Korea taxis for a ground attack mission. Douglas C-47 Dakotas flew transport resupply missions in the Korean War.

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The Vietnam War

Celebrating the Centenary of Military Aviation and the Future of Remotely Piloted Aircraft

The Vietnam War from 1962 to 1975 was a significant conflict for the RAAF, which began when Malaysian based Dakota transport aircraft conducted flights to Saigon in 1962 to deliver essential supplies and evacuate wounded personnel. At the request of the Vietnamese and US governments, in 1964 Australia increased its military support to South Vietnam, including deploying additional Army units and an air transport unit. The RAAF was in the process of replacing Dakota transport aircraft with the Caribou aircraft, and six of these new aircraft were stationed at Butterworth in Malaysia. There, the RAAF Transport Flight Vietnam (RTFV) was formed and deployed to Vietnam, with the first three aircraft arriving at Vung Tau on 8 August 1964. The Caribou aircraft was designed specifically for landing on rough strips and air-dropping cargo. ‘Wallaby Airlines’, as the unit was affectionately called, operated a variety of missions ranging from daily freight runs to support of special forces units, sometimes under enemy fire. On occasions, the aircraft dropped parachute flares to illuminate the battlefield at night. On 1 June 1966 the RTFV was renamed No 35 Squadron. The Squadron remained in Vietnam until 26 February 1972, and during that time three Caribou aircraft were destroyed, one by enemy mortar fire at That Son on 29 March 1970, and another two had to be returned to Australia for major repairs. Although several members of 35 Squadron suffered wounds in Vietnam, none were killed. The second RAAF unit to deploy to Vietnam was No 9 Squadron. The squadron arrived Vung Tau with Iroquois helicopters in May 1966, conducting troop insertions and extractions, evacuation of wounded soldiers (or ‘dust off’ missions), and reconnaissance. In 1968, squadron armament personnel modified several of their aircraft to carry a forward-mounted 7.62 mini-gun, a rocket launcher and two M60 door-mounted machine guns. These ‘gunship’ helicopters, callsign ‘Bushranger’, often provided fire support while other Iroquois helicopters landed or extracted troops. In December 1971, the squadron returned to RAAF Base Amberley, having suffered six fatalities and lost six helicopters during their involvement in the Vietnam War. The final operational squadron to deploy to Vietnam was No 2 Squadron. In April 1967, the squadron was flying Canberra bombers from the air base at Butterworth, Malaysia, when it was ordered to Phan Rang Air Base to operate as part of the United States Air Force (USAF) 35th Tactical Fighter Wing. Initially the squadron flew primarily radar-directed night missions but later showed their ability to carry out low-level visual bombing. The latter proved to be most effective and the squadron accounted for 16 per cent of the Tactical Fighter Wing’s assessed bomb damage. In addition to the involvement of these squadrons, logistics support from Australia and evacuation of wounded personnel were carried

out by Hercules aircraft from RAAF Base Richmond in Western Sydney. RAAF Airfield Defence Guards secured the RAAF facilities at Vung Tau and Phan Rang which were, in turn, built by detachments from 5 Airfield Construction Squadron. 1 Operational Support Unit provided catering, communications and medical services to RAAF units at Vung Tau. Further, a number of RAAF pilots flew in Vietnam as forward air controllers in the US Tactical Air Control System. Working with all allied air forces, their role was to identify enemy targets and direct artillery fire and air strikes onto those targets, as well as carrying out visual reconnaissance. While flying these dangerous missions in slow, unarmed aircraft, 36 RAAF pilots were awarded 15 Distinguished Flying Crosses and two Distinguished Service Orders. Between 1965 and 1971, six RAAF aircrew flew US Air Force F-4 Phantom fighter-bomber and reconnaissance aircraft in Vietnam, and a team of RAAF photographic interpreters served with a USAF Headquarters in Saigon, analysing aerial photographs to identify enemy locations and facilities. In total, 14 Air Force members died while deployed to Vietnam. RAAF personnel were awarded 333 bravery awards from actions during the war, including Sergeant Gordon Buttriss, who was awarded a George Medal, and Corporal John Coughlan who was awarded a Conspicuous Gallantry Medal, both for bravery while saving the lives of passengers and crew from crashed helicopters. Photos: (top) Canberra bombers of No 2 Squadron established a reputation for precision bombing in Vietnam. (below) No 9 Squadron RAAF flew UH-1 helicopters in the troop transport and helicopter gunship roles during the Vietnam War.

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1960 - present day

Photos (from top left): C-17A Globemaster III global airlifter of No 36 Squadron. First F-111s arrive at RAAF Amberley in June 1973. F/A-18A Hornets at Al Udeid Air Base in Qatar. End of an era as the first F/A-18F Super Hornet arrives. F-4 Phantom under lease from the US Air Force circa 1970.

(below from left): Mirage III0 of No 77 Squadron. Caribou STOL aircraft operating in East Timor. C130J Hercules of No 37 Squadron. Hawk Lead in Fighter of No 76 Squadron. Background image: KC-30A of No 33 Squadron.

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Current deployments

The Gulf War The RAAF’s involvement in the 2003 Gulf War began with a detachment of two AP-3C Orion surveillance and patrol aircraft deploying to the Middle East in January, followed by three C-130 Hercules transport aircraft and 14 F/A-18 Hornet fighter aircraft. Each aircraft element was supported by a ground support team. 75 Squadron was awarded a Unit Citation in recognition of their contribution to the war. Additionally, RAAF security detachments guarded the Australian Embassy, and Airfield Defence Guards from 2 Airfield Defence Squadron provided support as required. Six Australian Imagery Specialists completed invaluable work to analyse “wet film” photographs provided by U-2 aircraft. Specialists in air movements, logistics, medical, and intelligence activities supported larger ADF operations. Crucially, RAAF Air Traffic Controllers supported by Communications Section members were responsible for providing air traffic services at Baghdad International Airport, handling more than 650 air movements daily.

Humanitarian assistance The RAAF continues to provide assistance and disaster relief to communities in Australia and overseas when the scale of the emergency means local resources are not sufficient to cope. RAAF support often includes transporting supplies, providing medical care and communications, and evacuating personnel from dangerous areas. Hundreds of RAAF personnel have been involved in humanitarian assistance and disaster relief, most recently in Pakistan, New Zealand, Japan, Fiji, Samoa, Australia, Philippines, and the South Sudan.

Globally, Air Force has between 500 and 700 people on operations each day contributing to coalition operations, peacekeeping missions and humanitarian and disaster relief.

Photos: (top) RAAF F/A-18A refuels over Iraq. (below) AP-3C Orion operating from Tarin Kot air base in Afghanistan.

Peacekeeping

The current major deployments by Air Force personnel are Operation SLIPPER: Australia’s military contribution to the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan; and Operation RESOLUTE to protect Australia’s borders and offshore maritime interests. Our contribution includes security detachments, C-17A Globemasters, C-130J Hercules, AP-3C Orions, Heron remotely piloted aircraft and crews and support personnel. RAAF Airfield Defence Guards provide security at Tarin Kot air base

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M3913

The Hornets of 75 Squadron flew close air support and air interdiction operations, as well as attacks on ground targets . On 20 March 2003 the RAAF delivered the first RAAF bomb to a target during conflict since the Vietnam War. The squadron provided support to Australian Special Air Services (SAS) and 4 Royal Australian Regiment (4RAR) personnel and international partners, helping them capture Al Asad Air Base in the west of the country where a wealth of Iraqi MIGs, helicopters and almost eight million kilograms of ordnance were discovered. During the Gulf War, 75 Squadron completed 670 sorties and 2300 flying hours, including 350 combat sorties totalling 1800 flying hours. RAAF maintenance crews ensured that the F/A-18s were serviceable so that the squadron never missed a mission.

The RAAF has a long history of involvement in peacekeeping missions, having been part of the first United Nations peacekeeping mission in 1947 when a RAAF officer joined three Australian Navy and Army officers sent to monitor a cease-fire between Dutch forces and Indonesian independence fighters in Java. Since then, Australia has been involved in more than fifty United Nations peacekeeping missions across the globe. RAAF Iroquois helicopters served in the Sinai desert between 1976 and 1979 and again between 1982 and 1986 to monitor a cease-fire agreement between Egypt and Israel and then an Israeli withdrawal from the region. In recent years, the RAAF has been involved in major UN peacekeeping operations in Cambodia, Bougainville, Somalia and Rwanda, Timor and the Solomon Islands. RAAF aircraft and personnel have directly contributed to the success of these missions.

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F/A-18F Super Hornet Based at RAAF Base Amberley, the F/A-18F Super Hornet provides Australia with an advanced air combat capability for air-to-air and air-to-ground missions. The two seat F/A-18F Super Hornet can undertake air interception, air combat, close air support of ground troops and interdiction of enemy supply lines including shipping. In recent years, the F/A-18F Super Hornets have participated in exercises including Exercise Cope North in Guam, Exercise Bersama Shield on the Malaysian Peninsula and Exercise Pitch Black in Darwin.

MANUFACTURER: Boeing ROLE: Multi-role fighter ENGINE: Two F414-GE-400 Turbofans AIRFRAME LENGTH: 18.3 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 4.9 m WINGSPAN: 13.6 m WEIGHT: 29,000 kg (max) RANGE: 2,700 km CEILING: 50,000 feet MAX SPEED: 1,960 km/h (Mach 1.6) CREW: Pilot, Air Combat Officer CAPACITY: Mission Computers, Head Up Displays

WEAPONS: AIM-120 Advanced Medium Range Air To Air Missile (AMRAAM), AIM-9X Sidewinder, AGM-84 Harpoon Air To Ground Missile, AGM-154C Joint Stand Off Weapon (JSOW), Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM), M61 A2 20mm Nose-Mounted Cannon

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F/A-18A/B Hornet The F/A-18A and F/A-18B Hornets are multi-role fighter aircraft, capable of air-to-air and air-to-ground missions.

Ipswich

Both the single seat F/A-18A and two-seat F/A-18B can undertake air interception, air combat, close air support of ground forces, and interdiction of enemy supply lines including shipping. Based at RAAF Base Williamtown and RAAF Base Tindal, the 71 F/A-18A/B Hornets are an integral part of Australiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s air combat capability. In recent years, the F/A-18A/Bs have participated in a range of exercises, including Exercise Bersama Lima and Exercise Bersama Shield in Malaysia, Exercise Red Flag in Alaska and Exercise Pitch Black in Darwin.

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specifications MANUFACTURER: Boeing ROLE: Multi Role Fighter ENGINES: Two F404-GE-400 Turbofans AIRFRAME LENGTH: 17.1 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 4.7 m WINGSPAN: 12.4 m WEIGHT: 20,412 g (max) RANGE: 2,700 km CEILING: 45,000 feet MAXIMUM SPEED: 2,200 km/h (Mach 1.8) CREW: Pilot CAPACITY: Mission Computers, Head Up Display WEAPONS: AIM-120 Advanced Medium Range Air To Air Missile (ARAAM) , AIM132 Advanced Short Range Air To Air Missile (ASRAAM), Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM), AM-158 Joint Air To Surface Stand Off Missile (JASSM), M61 20Mm Nose-Mounted Cannon

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F-35A Lightning II Australiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Future Air Power stealth l 5th generation l multirole Photo courtesy Lockheed Martin

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C-17A Globemaster III

Get Your Wings at RMIT

The C-17A Globemaster III provides Air Force with an unprecedented capacity for air lift. Capable of carrying up to 70 tonnes, the C-17A Globemaster can carry an Abrams main battle tank, or four Bushmaster protected mobility vehicles, or three Black Hawk helicopters, or be converted to aero-medical evacuation capacity. Based at RAAF Base Amberley, the six C-17A Globemasters provide the backbone of the air link for Operation SLIPPER. Capable of landing on dirt air strips as short as 3,500 feet, it carries supplies, logistics and personnel between Australia and the Middle East. The C-17A Globemaster also supports Operation RESOLUTE with the transport of equipment and personnel. The C-17A Globemasters have been an integral part of disaster relief during Operation PAKISTAN ASSIST II, Operation PACIFIC ASSIST, Operation CHRISTCHURCH ASSIST, Operation QUEENSLAND FLOOD ASSIST, Operation YASI ASSIST, and Operation PHILIPPINES ASSIST. They recently provided strategic airlift support to the United Nations Mission in South Sudan.

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specifications MANUFACTURER: Boeing ROLE: Heavy Airlifter ENGINES: Four Pratt & Whitney F117-PW-100 AIRFRAME LENGTH: 53 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 16.8 m WINGSPAN: 51.8 m WEIGHT: 265,352 kg (max) RANGE: 10,389 km (carrying 18,143 payload) CEILING: 45,000 feet CRUISE SPEED: 830 km/h CREW: 2 Pilots, Loadmaster CAPACITY: 102 Troops, or 54 Ambulatory and 36 Stretcher patients, or 77,519 kg of Cargo COUNTERMEASURES: Self Protection Measures

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KC-30A

Multi Role Tanker Transport

The KC-30A Multi Role Tanker Transport (MRTT) enables Air Force to conduct both air-to-air refuelling and provide strategic transport. When fully operational, the KC-30A will be able to refuel more than 100 tonnes of fuel to Air Forceâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s F/A-18A and F/A-18B Hornets, F/A-18F Super Hornets, E-7A Wedgetail, C-17A Globemaster, and other KC-30As. The aircraft will be compatible with refuelling the P-8A Poseidon surveillance aircraft and F-35A when these aircraft enter Air Force service. Based at RAAF Base Amberley, the five KC-30As feature advance mission systems, including communications and navigation and an electronic warfare self-protection system for protection against threats from surface-to-air missiles.

E-7A Wedgetail The E-7A Wedgetail provides Australia with one of the most advanced air battlespace management capabilities in the world. The E-7A Wedgetail is based on a Boeing 737-700, with the addition of an advanced multi-role electronically scanned array (MESA) radar and 10 mission crew consoles, to create one of the most advanced pieces of technology for the Australian Defence Force. Based at RAAF Base Williamtown, the six E-7A Wedgetails are capable of communicating with other aircraft and providing air control from the sky. They can cover four million square kilometres during a single 10 hour mission. In recent years, the E-7A Wedgetail has participated in Exercise Bersama Lima and Exercise Bersama Shield in Malaysia, Exercise Cope North in Guam, Exercise Red Flag in Alaska and Exercise Pitch Black in Darwin.

MANUFACTURER: Boeing ROLE: Airborne Early Warning & Control ENGINES: Two CFM56-7 Turbofans AIRFRAME LENGTH: 33.6 m AIRFRAME LENGTH: 12.6 m WINGSPAN: 34.3 m WEIGHT: 77,565 kg (max) RANGE: 7,040 km CEILING: 41,000 feet MAXIMUM SPEED: 760 km/h CREW: Co-Pilot, Airborne Electronics Analysts, Mission Specialists CAPACITY: 10 Mission Consoles with Multi-Role Mesa Radar COUNTERMEASURES: Self Protection Measures

MANUFACTURER: Airbus Military ROLE: Air-to-Air Refuelling and Long Range Transport

ENGINE: Two General Electric CF6-80E1A3 AIRFRAME LENGTH: 59 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 17.4 m WINGSPAN: 60.3 m WEIGHT: 233 tonnes (max) RANGE: 14,800 km CEILING: 41,000 feet MAX SPEED: 860 km/h CREW: 1 Pilot, 1 Air Refuelling Officer, 1 Mission Coordinator, and up to 8 Crew Attendants CAPACITY: Up to 270 Passengers, or 34,000 kg of Cargo, or 111 tonnes of Fuel COUNTERMEASURES: Self Protection Measures

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¸DDF007 Portable Direction Finder

PC-9/A

Hawk 127

Full range of functions in a handheld format The fast ¸DDF007 portable direction finder has an integrated, fast wideband receiver that covers a very wide frequency range. The battery-operated unit relies on high-precision DF methods. The DDF007 is used in conjunction with compact DF antennas, making it ideal for all applications that call for a powerful yet handy direction finder. ❙ Wide frequency range from 20 MHz to 6 GHz (DF mode) and 9 kHz to 7.5 GHz (receive mode) ❙ High-precision correlative interferometer DF method in the range above 173 MHz ❙ Integrated, fast wideband receiver with optional panorama scan for fast scanning of wide frequency ranges ❙ Optional, integrated map display function including triangulation for transmitter location by means of a running fix

The PC-9/A is a critical part of Air Force pilot training, as students must graduate from 2 Flying Training School with the PC-9 to earn their Pilot Wings. Based at RAAF Base East Sale, RAAF Base Pearce and RAAF Base Williamtown, the PC-9A is also used to train Joint Terminal Attack Controllers and Forward Air Controllers. The PC-9/A is usually recognised as the aircraft flown by the Air Force Roulettes in their aerobatic displays.

MANUFACTURER: Pilatus ROLE: Pilot Training and Forward Air Control ENGINE: Pratt & Whitney PT6A-62 Turboprop AIRFRAME LENGTH: 10.2 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 3.3 m WINGSPAN: 10.2 m WEIGHT: 3,210 kg RANGE: 1,850 km CEILING: 25,000 feet MAXIMUM SPEED: 580 km/h CREW: Pilot (Instructor), Students CAPACITY: 2 Multifunctional Displays, Optional Smoke Grenade Launchers

Air Force Roulettes As Air Force’s elite formation aerobatic display team, the Roulettes provide breathtaking displays, using only hand-eye coordination to fly at speeds of up to 590 kilometres per hour. The six Roulettes may experience up to 4.5G (or 4.5 times the normal force of gravity) during a display in their PC-9/A aircraft.

Most of the Roulettes have over 3,000 hours of flying experience, however they still require a significant amount of training before they can display the Roulettes’ famous aerobatics. When the Roulettes are not showcasing their skills to the public, they teach qualified RAAF pilots to become flying instructors at RAAF Base East Sale in Victoria.

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The Hawk 127 lead-in fighter prepares qualified Air Force pilots for operational conversion to F/A-18A and F/A-18B Hornets and F/A-18F Super Hornets. Pilots complete a 14 week Introductory Fighter Course at RAAF Base Pearce with the Hawk 127, which includes general flying, instrument flying, formation flying, night flying and navigation. Graduates then progress to a 20 week course at RAAF Base Williamtown for instruction in air-to-air and air-to-ground weapons training with the Hawk 127. Only then can pilots progress to operational conversion on the F/A-18 Hornet. The Hawk has been designed with through-life support programs to allow for system upgrades to meet evolving training requirements. Students attend major exercises such as Pitch Black in Darwin as part of their training.

MANUFACTURER: BAE ROLE: Lead-In Fighter Training ENGINE: Rolls Royce Turbomeca Adour Mk 871 jet engine AIRFRAME LENGTH: 11.95 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 4.08 m WINGSPAN: 9.39 m WEIGHT: 5,443 kg RANGE: 1,207 km CEILING: 50,000 feet MAXIMUM SPEED: 1,207 km/h CREW: Pilot (Instructor), Students CAPACITY: Mission Computers, Heads Up Display

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AP-3C Orion

The AP-3C Orion is extremely versatile, capable of land and maritime surveillance, antisubmarine and anti-ship warfare, naval fleet support, and search and rescue operations.

C-130J Hercules

The AP-3C Orion recently completed almost 10 years of operational service in the Middle East, completing 2,400 missions with more than 3,500 personnel completing tours of duty. The aircraft continues to support Operation RESOLUTE to protect Australiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s borders and offshore maritime interests.

MANUFACTURER: Lockheed Martin ROLE: Maritime Surveillance And AntiSubmarine Warfare ENGINES: Four Allison T-56-A-14-4 AIRFRAME LENGTH: 35.6 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 10.44 m WINGSPAN: 30.8 m WEIGHT: 61,200kg (max) RANGE: Up to 15 hours CEILING: 35,000 feet CRUISE SPEED: 650 km/h CREW: Pilot, Co-Pilot, 2 Flight Engineers, Tactical Commander, Navigator/ Communicator, and up to 6 Sensor Operators CAPACITY: Sonobuoys, Maritime Marker Devices, Air-Sea Rescue Kit, And Survival Aid Heliboxes WEAPONS: Mk 46 Torpedoes, AGM 84 Harpoon Air-To-Surface Missiles COUNTERMEASURES: Self Protection Measures

The C-130J Hercules is a medium-sized tactical and strategic air lifter. Capable of carrying 120 passengers, or seven pallets of cargo, their ability to land on short or unsurfaced air strips makes them highly desirable for regional air lift. Based at RAAF Base Richmond, the C-130J Hercules are also capable of air dropping supplies and parachuting personnel. The twelve C-130J Hercules are an important air link within Operation SLIPPER, carrying supplies, logisitics and personnel between locations in theatre. The C-130J also supports Operation RESOLUTE with transport of equipment and personnel. The C-130 Hercules were an integral part of disaster relief during Operation PAKISTAN ASSIST II, Operation PACIFIC ASSIST, Operation CHRISTCHURCH ASSIST, Operation QUEENSLAND FLOOD ASSIST and Operation YASI ASSIST. They recently provided strategic airlift support to the United Nations Mission in South Sudan.

MANUFACTURER: Lockheed Martin ROLE: Tactical and medium transport ENGINES: Four Allison AE2100D3 Turboprops AIRFRAME LENGTH: 34.37 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 10.1 m WINGSPAN: 40.4 m WEIGHT: 79,378 kg (max) RANGE: 6,852 km CEILING: 40,000 feet CRUISE SPEED: 643 km/h CREW: Pilot, Co-Pilot, Loadmaster CAPACITY: 128 Passengers, or 97 Stretchered patients, or 19,598 kg of cargo COUNTERMEASURES: Self Protection Measures

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KA350 King Air

MANUFACTURER: Beechcraft ROLE: Multi-role Light Transport ENGINES: Two Pratt & Whitney PT6A-60A Turboprops AIRFRAME LENGTH: 14.22 m AIRFRAME LENGTH: 4.4 m WINGSPAN: 17.65 m

WEIGHT: 6,849 kg RANGE: 3,400 km CEILING: 35,000 feet MAXIMUM SPEED: 570 km/h CREW: Two Pilots CAPACITY: Up to 8 passengers

The KA350 King Air provides Air Force with tactical air mobility to access remote areas of Australia, South East Asia and Pacific regions. Capable of carrying up to eight passengers and with a range of over 2,000 kilometres, this important tactical air lift capability is operated by No 38 Squadron. The KA350 King Air is used by the School of Air Warfare to provide training for air combat officers and maritime aviation warfare officers, and for navigation. Based at RAAF Base Townsville and RAAF Base East Sale, KA350 King Airs have been deployed to Malaysia, East Timor, Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, and Operational QUEENSLAND FLOOD ASSIST.

Heron remotely piloted aircraft The Heron Remotely Piloted Aircraft provides commanders with real-time intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance, or ‘eyes in the sky’ information. The 1.1 tonne Heron operates from an airfield runway in conjunction with other manned aircraft and provides medium altitude, long endurance flights in a range of weather conditions. The Heron is operated from a ground base by military pilots with up to seven operational staff to process, analyse and disseminate information from the Heron’s sensors. The Heron has performed a vital role on Operation SLIPPER where it has flown between 400 and 500 hours each month, protecting Australian and International Security Assistance Forces against insurgent operations. The Heron is also used at Woomera for training.

MANUFACTURER: Leased from Macdonald Dettwiler & Associates (MDA) ROLE: Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance ENGINE: 4 Cylinder Rotax 914 AIRFRAME LENGTH: 8.5 m WINGSPAN: 16.6 m WEIGHT: 1,100 kg RANGE: Up to 24 hours endurance CEILING: 30,000 feet MAXIMUM SPEED: 180 km/h CREW: Pilot and up to 7 operational staff CAPACITY: Optical and Infra-red Sensors

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The aircraft are used when commercial travel arrangements are not suitable for official commitments due to the location, timing or other security considerations. They can also be used in times of emergency to provide rapid deployment of personnel such as medical teams to a disaster area. The Special Purpose Aircraft operate from Defence Establishment Fairbairn. On average, Air Force provides between 1200-1800 special purpose flights each year.

737 BBJ Two 737 BBJ (Boeing Business Jet) special purpose aircraft joined the Air Force fleet in 2002. They have a crew of up to six (two pilots and up to four crew attendants) and are capable of carrying up to 30 passengers. The 737 BBJs have a range of 11,390 kilometres enabling them to fly non-stop directly from Canberra to Hong Kong or Tokyo.

For Taylor Valja of Grafton the sky is literally the limit. The 20-year-old is a non-commissioned officer in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) and an Armaments Technician, once the domain of men.

100 years since the first flight in Australia, we acknowledge their contribution to our nation and the innovation of air power. We honour those who were wounded or made the ultimate sacrifice for our nation. 38

The former South Grafton High School student, who once packed shelves at her local supermarket, now works on fighter jets, loading explosives ordnance to the deadly F/A-18 Hornet. She is also responsible for maintenance of the ejector seat in the aircraft.

CL 604 Challenger The CL604 Challenger aircraft joined the Air Force fleet in 2002. It has a crew of three (pilot, co-pilot and attendant) and carries up to nine passengers.

Her job has taken her to many parts of Australia on major Defence exercises involving the air forces of our international partners.

The C604 Challenger has a speed of 879 kilometres/hour during normal operations and has a range of up to 5,600 kilometres.

Taylor says she loves working with the RAAF. MANUFACTURER: Bombardier ROLE: Special Purpose Aircraft ENGINE: Two General Electric CF34-3N Turbofans AIRFRAME LENGTH: 20.86 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 6.3 m WINGSPAN: 19.61 m WEIGHT: 21,863 kg (max takeoff)

MANUFACTURER: Boeing ROLE: Special Purpose Aircraft ENGINE: Two CFM Internationl CFM56-7 Turbofans AIRFRAME LENGTH: 33.6 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 12.5 m WINGSPAN: 35.8 m

Thousands of Australian men and women have served in the Australian Defence Force.

The sky is the limit

Special purpose aircraft

RANGE: 5,600 km (max fuel and reserves) CEILING: 41,000 feet CRUISE SPEED: 879 km/h CREW: 2 Pilots, 1 Crew Attendant CAPACITY: Seats 9 Passengers

WEIGHT: 77,565 kg (max takeoff) RANGE: 11,390 km CEILING: 41,000 feet CRUISE SPEED: 850 km/h CREW: 2 Pilots and up to 4 Crew Attendants CAPACITY: Seats 30 Passengers

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“It is something completely different to a normal job that as a woman I would be doing outside of Defence,” she said.

Air Force is proud to operate five Special Purpose Aircraft to provide efficient and reliable air travel for the Governor-General, Prime Minister, visiting Heads of State and other dignitaries.

With over 60 roles, a great work-life balance and a supportive culture, life in the Air Force is not what you might expect.

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To meet women currently serving, and

Twitter http://www.Twitter.com/ AirForceHQ

call 13 19 01 or search Air Force Jobs .

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hear about their lives in the Air Force,

“It has a lot of different aspects and involves new things and a lot of travelling to new places,” Taylor added. “I also enjoy working with many different people who support and mentor me throughout my career,” she said.

. . . innovation

Military Working Dogs Military Working Dogs have a long history of Air Force service, with canine members of the RAAF first used as guard dogs during World War II. These dogs were untrained and often tied to aircraft to prevent theft and tampering. In 1954 trained police dogs and handlers, operating as man/dog patrol teams, were introduced into the RAAF. Initially, the RAAF relied on dog donations from the public to identify suitable animals to become military working dogs, and, while this was successful in many ways, there were training challenges associated with this system. Therefore, in 2001 the RAAF started its own breeding program. Today, Military Working Dogs are specially selected and trained for their Service. These German Shepherd, Belgium Malinois or Dutch Shepherd puppies receive months of intensive training and must graduate before they can become fully fledged Military Working Dogs. The first part of Military Working dog training involves socialisation, so, between the ages of six and twelve weeks the young pups are socialised into the general population. They undergo daily environmental exposure, experiencing open stairs, aircraft, crowds, shopping centre escalators, heights, confined spaces,

game training, ball chases, and unstable platforms, with the emphasis being on as much variety as possible. A weekend home stay program allows the pups to be exposed to interesting and varied home environments. Weekend home stay volunteers may progress onto the Foster Care Pup Program that cares for pups in full time home based ‘adoption’ from the ages of 12 weeks to seven months of age. The dogs then progress to the next level of training which covers everything from apprehending an offender to overcoming a fear of fire and learning how to react when a gun is pointed at them. Once they graduate from training, each dog is given their own Service number and matched to a single experienced Military Working Dog handler. This handler will look after their dog and continue to train it throughout its Air Force service. Where possible, dogs retire with their handler at the conclusion of their Air Force service and, before being discharged, the dog is given a health check to ensure they can enjoy a happy and healthy retirement after their loyal service. From sentry duty and scouting to tracking escaped prisoners and enemy forces and sniffing out drugs and explosives, Military Working Dogs are valuable force multipliers and beloved members of the RAAF.

Air Force Band The Air Force Band has been providing musical entertainment and ceremonial support for over 90 years. The Australian Flying Corps contingent that sailed to Egypt in 1916 included musically talented airmen who carried their instruments to war. In the Egyptian desert they formed a concert party and camp orchestra for Squadron entertainment. An official Air Force Band was established in 1923 and has provided musical entertainment and ceremonial support for activities such as presentation of the RAAF Queen’s Colour in 1952, the 1956 Melbourne Olympic Games and the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games. During the Vietnam War, the Air Force Band conducted concerts for deployed Australian troops to boost morale. Today, the Band continues to provide musical support for deployed forces, giving concerts in Iraq, Afghanistan, East Timor and the Solomon Islands. The Air Force Band also supports ANZAC commemorations throughout Australia, Europe, and on the Gallipoli Peninsula. Currently under the baton of Squadron Leader Mathew Shelley, the Air Force band features a range of internal ensembles including traditional ceremonial and concert bands and chamber ensembles.

Air Force Cadets The Australian Air Force Cadets is a community based youth development program, supported and administered by Air Force. Training activities include gliding, powered flying, basic aeronautical skills, drill and ceremony, service knowledge, field craft, survival training and leadership courses. Cadets also have the opportunity to apply for the International Air Cadet Exchange Program and complete the Duke of Edinburgh Award. The Australian Air Force Cadets is open to Australian citizens aged 13-18 years. There are 6,600 Cadets and 640 Staff members across Australia. To join the Australian Air Force Cadets, contact your local squadron by visiting www.aafc.org.au.

Air Force Balloon Hot air balloons are one of the earliest forms of aviation – even used for surveillance during World War I. Today, Air Force has two balloons based in Canberra. The balloons often travel to regional or remote communities that don’t have an airport. These visits are an opportunity for members of the community to meet Air Force personnel, introduce young people to aviation and inspire an interest in the RAAF. The balloons can launch from small open spaces such as school ovals, which makes them a regular visitor to schools around Australia where they deliver aviationrelated education programs.

S k y! e h T o T e k a T Since 1934 the Australian Air League has provided boys and girls aged 8 to 18 years who have a passion for aviation the opportunity to let their dreams soar! While developing their interest in aviation as a career or hobby, the cadets learn important skills like leadership, self-discipline, teamwork and responsibility. They also meet and build friendships with boys and girls who share a similar interest. With Squadrons located in most states of Australia the Australian Air League is entirely self funded and staffed by volunteers who give genorously of their time each week to assist the youth of Australia. If you too would like to get involved, the Air League is also seeking volunteer leaders to help train the adults of tomorrow.

If you would like to learn more, call or visit the website today!

Training tomorrow’s pilots...today 2014-01-14 - aal point cook airshow ad.indd 1

1 800 035 894

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7/02/2014 5:53 pm

. . . innovation

Visit us at the 2014 Air Show!

Navy S-70A-9 Black Hawk

Army The Black Hawk is one of the most advanced utility battlefield helicopters in the world and has been used as the primary tactical assault helicopter of the ADF since 1989. It allows Army to tactically move infantry soldiers and equipment such as artillery guns and supplies around the battlefield, conduct aeromedical evacuations, carry out aerial reconnaissance, and aerial fire support. When required, the Black Hawk also plays a vital role in supporting the Australian community through search and rescue and civilian disaster relief operations. Black Hawks are currently flown by the 5th Aviation Regiment in Townsville, 171st Aviation Squadron in Sydney and the School of Army Aviation in Oakey.

MANUFACTURER: Sikorsky ROLE: Utility Helicopter ENGINE: Two General Electric T700-GE701A-1 Turboshaft Engines AIRFRAME LENGTH: 15.2 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 2.8 m ROTOR DIAMETER: 6.3 m WEIGHT: 5556 kg (basic) RANGE: 465 km CEILING: 15,000 feet CRUISE SPEED: 220 km/h CREW: 2 Pilots, 1 or 2 Loadmasters CAPACITY: 10 Troops (Seated), 18 Troops (Operational) WEAPONS: 2 x MAG-58 Machine Guns COUNTERMEASURES: Chaff/Flare Pods

The Royal Australian Navy’s Fleet Air Arm brings together all the key elements which provide the RAN with its aviation force and provides the Naval Aviation capabilities required to fight and win at sea, and to contribute to military support operations. The Forces’ focus is on mission effectiveness, reliability, sustainability and safety.

The aircraft of the Fleet Air Arm are: the AS 350BA Squirrel and Bell 429 (723 Squadron), the S-70B-2 Seahawk (816 Squadron) and the MRH 90 Taipan (808 Squadron.) 2014 will see the introduction of the MH-60R Seahawk Romeo maritime combat helicopter - the most capable naval combat helicopter in the world – into Fleet Air Arm Service.

AS350BA Squirrel

MRH-90

The AS350BA Squirrel is used in the role of lead in helicopter training. The training role includes the conversion of all RAN pilots to rotary wing flying, preparation of pilots for operational flying and flying observers and aircrewman for their basic utility training. The aircraft also provides training support for ship’s flight deck teams.

MANUFACTURER: Aérospatiale (now part of Eurocopter Group) ROLE: Light Utility ENGINE: Aerospatiale Turbomeca Arriel 1B AIRFRAME LENGTH: 12.99 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 3.5 m ROTOR DIAMETER: 10.7 m MAX WEIGHT: 4,620 lbs (2,100kg) RANGE: 330 nautical miles (640 km) CEILING: 4,600 km CRUISE SPEED: 110 knots (203 km/h) MAXIMUM SPEED: 155 knots (287 km/h) CREW: 2 crew and three passengers

The MRH 90 (Multi Role Helicopter variant of the NH 90 TTH) is a single rotor, twin engine helicopter designed for utility operations with multi-mission capability using highly integrated vehicle and mission systems. MRH 90 replaceDt of Navy’s six Sea King helicopters in the Maritime Support Role.

MANUFACTURER: NH Industries ROLE: Troop & Cargo transport ENGINE: Two RR RTM 322-01/9 turboshaft AIRFRAME LENGTH: 16.13m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 5.23m ROTOR DIAMETER: 16.30m MAX WEIGHT: 23,370 lbs (10,600kg) RANGE: 497 nautical miles (800 km) CEILING: 6000 m CRUISE SPEED: 140 knots (260 km/h) MAXIMUM SPEED: 175 knots (324 km/h) CREW: 2 crew (able to be flown by one) CAPACITY: 20 troops or 12 AME stretchers WEAPONS: Machines guns can be fitted

Tiger Armed Reconnaissance Helicopter The Tiger is one of the most advanced armed-reconnaissance helicopters in the world today. It incorporates cutting-edge technology, including a composite airframe to minimise weight and reduce its radar cross-section, with latest-generation rotor and engines, and an integrated suite of sensors and weapons. A fast and agile platform, the Tiger has the ability to detect and engage targets at long range. It provides troops on the ground with direct fire and reconnaissance support. The Tiger is currently flown by the 1st Aviation Regiment in Darwin.

MANUFACTURER: Eurocopter Group ROLE: Armed Reconnaissance Helicopter ENGINE: Two MTU Turbomeca Rolls-Royce MTR390 Turboshaft Engines AIRFRAME LENGTH: 14.08 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 3.83 m ROTOR DIAMETER: 13.0 m WEIGHT: 3060 kg (empty) RANGE: 800 km CEILING: 13,000 feet MAXIMUM SPEED: 315 km/h CREW: 1 Pilot, 1 Weapons Systems Officer WEAPONS: 30mm GIAT 30 Chin-Turret Mounted Cannon, 7 or 19-Shot 70mm Rocket Pods, AGM114 Hellfire Laser-Guided Missiles

BELL 429 A contract with Raytheon Australia has provided three Bell 429 helicopter to 723 Squadron aimed at maintaining and developing the skills of junior Naval helicopter aircrew. Junior aircrew initially train in Squirrel (AS350BA) helicopters. They can then move onto the Bell 429 to improve and maintain their skills.

MANUFACTURER: Bell Helicopter ROLE: Aircrew Consolidation ENGINE: Two Pratt & Whitney 207 D1/D2 AIRFRAME LENGTH: 12.7 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 4.04 m ROTOR DIAMETER: 10.97 m MAX WEIGHT: 7000 lbs Internal &\, 7500 lbs with external load RANGE: 411 nautical miles (761 km) CEILING: 20,000 feet CRUISE SPEED: 102 knots (189 km/h) MAXIMUM SPEED: 155 knots (287 km/h) CREW: 1-3 crew (capacity of 7)

We’re open for both ADF personnel and civilians to join. We can offer you: > Convenient, everyday banking > Home Loans for Defence Force members and civilians > Car and Personal Loans > Savings and Investments > Insurance. Come and visit the Defence Bank stand at the 2014 Air Show for giveaways and your chance to win great prizes. Defence Bank Limited ABN 57 087 651 385 AFSL/Australian Credit Licence 234582

defencebank.com.au

HUEY UH-1B – Historic Flight Members of the Royal Australian Navy flew several variants of this aircraft in both the gunship and utility configuration as part of the RAN Helicopter Flight Vietnam and with 9 Squadron, Royal Australian Air Force.

MANUFACTURER: Bell UH-1 Iroquois ROLE: Now - Historic Flight WHEN IN SERVICE: Aircrew training, Search & Rescue & Fleet Support Duties ENGINE: 1 x Lycoming T53-L-11 turboshaft, 1.110 shp (820 kW) AIRFRAME LENGTH: 17.4m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 4.39m MAX TAKE OFF WEIGHT: 9500 lb (4,309kg) RANGE: 344nm (618 km) CEILING: 10,400 ft CRUISE SPEED: 109 knots (201 km/h) MAXIMUM SPEED: 117 knots (217 km/h) CREW: 1-4 CAPACITY: 14 troops, 6 stetchers or 1,760 kg of cargo

WEEKEND LUNCH & JAZZ

Come and enjoy the live sounds of our resident jazz bands every Saturday and Sunday afternoon. While you’re here, indulge in a delicious menu of rustic Italianinspired dishes including antipasti, housemade pastas and traditional desserts, or simply drop in to taste and buy from the cellar door. Open seven days from 11am – 5pm. Bookings are advised, please call 9731 4420. K Road, Werribee Victoria, 3030

shadowfax.com.au 44

. . . innovation

Becoming a Pilot Air Force has hundreds of career options, from musicians and engineers, doctors and mechanics, to air combat officers and pilots. Young men and women contemplating a career as an Air Force Pilot can look forward to years of exciting and challenging flying in modern aircraft. Becoming a pilot is an incredibly rewarding and challenging career choice. The first step in becoming a pilot is to apply to Defence Force recruiting at www.defencejobs.gov.au or call 13 19 01. You don’t need any technical expertise or flying experience to apply to be an Air Force pilot – we’ll teach you that! We are looking for people who can adapt to new situations quickly, can think logically and make decisions, and who have a broad range of interests and abilities. Those selected will progress to 24 weeks of pilot training on the CT-4B basic flying aircraft at the Basic Flying Training School in Tamworth. Students then undertake 37 weeks of training with the PC-9/A aircraft at Number 2 Flying Training School at RAAF Base Pearce. On graduation from Number 2 Flying Training School with their Pilot Wings, pilots undertake further training to convert to operational aircraft within the different RAAF Commands.

Becoming a Fast Jet Pilot Some pilots will be assessed as capable of flying fast jets, and will advance to fast jet training. Fighter pilots need confidence, a sense of competitiveness, commitment to a long journey of training and study, and determination to succeed. These pilots will undertake the Introductory Fighter Course with the Hawk 127 aircraft. The course has two components, beginning at RAAF Base Pearce with 14 weeks of general flying, instrument flying, formation flying, night flying and navigation. Pilots continue the course at RAAF Base Williamtown for 20 weeks of air-to-air and air-to-ground weapons training at RAAF Base Williamtown. Pilots then convert to F/A-18A/B Hornet aircraft at RAAF Base Williamtown; or F/A-18F Super Hornets at RAAF Base Amberley. On graduation, pilots are fully qualified fighter jet pilots. The RAAF pilot selection and training process is comprehensive, taking about four years from basic flying training to graduation on the F/A-18A/B Hornet or F/A-18F Super Hornet .

. . . evolution

P-8A Poseidon

EA-18G Growler

The P-8A will provide Air Force with an advanced maritime intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance and response aircraft. The P-8A aircraft use advanced sensors and mission systems, including an advanced multi-mode radar, high definition cameras, and an acoustic system with four times the processing capacity of Air Force’s current AP-3C Orions. Planned for RAAF Base Edinburgh, the P-8A has an extensive communications suite that includes radios and data links across, the VHF, UHF, HF and SATCOM spectrums. An internal fuel capacity of almost 34 tonnes givens the P-8A the ability to remain on station conducting low level anti-submarine warfare missions at a distance of greater than 2,000 kilometres from base. The P-8A is also compatible for air-to-air refuelling with the KC-30A MRTT.

MANUFACTURER: Boeing ROLE: Maritime Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance and Response ENGINE: Two CFM56-7 Be(27) AIRFRAME LENGTH: 39.5 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 12.8 m WINGSPAN: 37.6 m WEIGHT: 85,820kg RANGE: 7,500 km

The EA-18G Growler is an airborne electronic attack aircraft capable of providing force level electronic warfare support by disrupting, deceiving or denying a broad range of military electronics systems, including radars and communications, using both kinetic and non-kinetic means. To be based at RAAF Base Amberley, the EA-18G Growler will operate in conjunction with our air, land and sea forces. The capability will reduce the risk to our forces and improve their situational awareness by providing the ability to deny or disrupt an adversary’s use of the electromagnetic spectrum and, hence, their ability to effectively command, control and coordinate their own forces. The EA-18G Growler will be able to support the full spectrum of Defence tasks, from peacetime evacuations to major conflicts. The EA-18G Growler is based

on the F/A-18F Super Hornet airframe fitted with additional avionics, enhanced radio frequency receivers, an improved communications suite and ALQ-99 radiofrequency jamming pods which enable it to disrupt enemy radar and systems. It is also capable of striking enemy radar and communications with AGM-88 series of anti-radiation missiles, and AIM-120 airto-air missiles. As a force level asset it will not perform the traditional strike-fighter role but, rather, provide a complementary capability to the F/A-18F Super Hornet and the future F-35A Joint Strike Fighter aircraft.

CEILING: 41,000 feet CRUISE SPEED: 907 km/h CREW: Pilot, C0-Pilot, Mission Specialists CAPACITY: Sonnobuoys and 11 Weapons Stations WEAPONS: Torpedos, Anti-Ship Missiles COUNTERMEASURES: Self Protection Measures

C-27J Spartan The C-27J Spartan battlefield airlifter will improve Air Force’s ability to move people, equipment and supplies in Australia and the region. With the capacity to carry significant loads and still land on air strips that are not suited for the C-130 J Hercules, the C-27J Spartan will undertake a range of missions.

specifications MANUFACTURER: Boeing ROLE: Airborne Electronic Attack ENGINES: Two F414-GE-400 Turbofans AIRFRAME LENGTH: 18.3 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 4.9 m WINGSPAN: 13.7 m WEIGHT: 25,011 kg (empty) RANGE: 1,570 km (fully armed with external fuel tanks) CEILING: 50,000 feet MAXIMUM SPEED: 1,960 km/h (Mach 1.6) CREW: Pilot, Electronic Warfare Officer CAPACITY: Electro-Magnetic Spectrum Dominance, Enhanced Situational Awareness and Networking WEAPONS: ALG-99 Low and High Band Jamming Pods, AGM-88 Anti-Radiation Missiles, AIM-120 Air-To-Air Missiles

The ten C-27J Spartans will be equipped with missile warning systems, electronic self protection and battlefield armour allowing them to operate freely in high-threat environments.

MANUFACTURER: Alenia/L3 ROLE: Battlefield Airlifter ENGINE: Two Rolls-Royce AC 2100-D2 AIRFRAME LENGTH: 22.7 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 9.64 m WINGSPAN: 28.7 m WEIGHT: 30,500kg RANGE: 2,833 nautical miles CEILING: 30,000 feet (cruising altitude) CRUISE SPEED: 670 km/h CREW: 2 Pilots, Loadmaster CAPACITY: 40 Troops, 21 Stretcher patients, 8,100 kg cargo COUNTERMEASURES: Electronic Self Protection Measures

. . . evolution

F-35A Lightning II The F-35A Lightning II (commonly known as the Joint Strike Fighter) will provide for Australiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s future air combat and strike needs. Initially planned for RAAF Base Williamtown, the F-35A will provide Australia with a fifth generation aircraft at the forefront of air combat technology, to provide a networked force-multiplier effect in terms of situational awareness and combat effectiveness. Capable of supersonic flight while retaining stealth, the F-35A has extraordinary accelerated agility and 9G manoeuvrability. The F-35A will provide Air Force pilots with unprecedented situational awareness and unmatched lethality and survivabiltiy.

MANUFACTURER: Lockheed Martin ROLE: Fifth Generation Multi-role Fighter

ENGINE: Pratt & Whitney F135-

PW-100

AIRFRAME LENGTH: 15.7 m AIRFRAME HEIGHT: 4.38 m WINGSPAN: 10.7 m WEIGHT: 13,290 kg (empty) RANGE: 2,200 km

The F-35A is characterised by a low observability design, internal weapons and fuel carriage, advanced radar, electro-optical and infrared sensors, with advanced voice and data link communications and the ability to employ a wide range of air-to-surface and air-to-air weapons. Australian industry is also heavily involved in the building of the F-35A Lightning II. So far, with 2% of the F-35 production completed, Australian companies have generated $355m in production orders.

CEILING: 50,000 feet MAX SPEED: 1,960 km/h (Mach 1.6) CREW: Pilot CAPACITY: Stealth, Advanced Sensors, Networking and Data Fusion Capabilities WEAPONS: AIM-120C Air-To-Air Missiles, GBU-31 JDAM Guided Bombs, 25 Mm GAU-22/A Cannon