ISSUE 36 | 2021
ZWL $270
ZIMBABWE’S LEADING INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT MAGAZINE
Almin’s Glass-Clad Offices on Page 10
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STRUCTURE & DESIGN
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Pat Dunn & Mark Futter is a leading Zimbabwean Construction services Pat Dunn Markbespoke Futtersolutions is a leading Zimbabwean Construction services company that & provides to numerous diverse market segments. company that provides bespoke solutions to numerous diverse market segments.
TRANSPORT & CRANAGE TRANSPORT & CRANAGE *>Ì Õ E >À ÕÌÌiÀ >Ã > Ài >L i yiiÌ *>Ì Õ E >À ÕÌÌiÀ >Ã > Ài >L i yiiÌ of crane trucks and trailers. Specialising in of craneand trucks and trailers. Specialising rigging haulage of a range of goodsin rigging from and haulage of a range containers to steel.of goods from containers to steel.
ENGINEERING ENGINEERING Pat Dunn & Mark Futter are proud to offer Pata Dunn & MarkofFutter are proud to offer wide range engineering services a wide range of engineering services from plant installations, to machine shop from plant installations, to machine shop fabrication. fabrication.
Structural Steel Construction Structural Steel Construction Pat Dunn & Mark Futter are proud to offer a Pat Dunn & Mark Futter to areclients proudfrom to offer wide range of services steela wide range of services to clients from steel construction to various types of engineering construction types engineering as well to as various transport andof cranage. as well as transport and cranage.
Complete Construction Services Complete Construction Services Pat Dunn & Mark Futter are proud to a range ofFutter services Patoffer Dunn & Mark aretoproud clients steelofconstruction to offerfrom a range services to to civil and mechanical engineering, clients from steel construction to project as well as civil andmanagement mechanical engineering, transport and cranage.as well as project management transport and cranage.
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CONTACT CONTACT US US 42 42 Edison Edison Crescent, Crescent, Graniteside, Harare +263 +263 242 242 771 771 385/ 385/ +263 773 290 233 sales@patdunn.co.zw sales@patdunn.co.zw ISSUE 36
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10 | Almin Industries Opens A New Branch In Graniteside
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SPACE OF THE MONTH 20 | Simple & Sustainable Design For A Family Home
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36 | Solar Energy Projects Is Now Established In Pomona
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63 | Structural Engineers’ Role On Building Sustainability
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38%/,6+(5·6 MEMO reetings and best wishes for the New Year! Despite a difficult start to the year we’re confident that the construction and design industries will continue to thrive and grow throughout 2021 as we’re such an inventive and resourceful bunch of people. And our new issue illustrates just how resilient we are. Our cover story on page 10 features Almin Metal Industries who continue to prosper and expand with the opening of their new branch in Graniteside. Almin are able to manufacture and supply just about any aluminium product for commercial and residential projects eliminating the need for imports and meeting architects’ and engineers’ specifications. In addition much of the material used is recycled making them an environmentally conscious manufacturer. Local architectural firm, Architexture Spatial Design, have been experimenting with designs that are sustainable, eco-friendly and affordable. They have designed and built a family home on an environmentally sensitive site that’s both elegant and functional. Finishes and decorative details have been pared back to the absolute minimum without compromising on style or comfort. It’s a great example of what future design should look like. We feature Solar Energy Project’s new warehouse and sales room in Pomona which opened last year. In keeping with the global move to sustainable living
solar power is indisputably the way forward. SEP can set up a solar system for your home or business so you can reduce your carbon footprint and even feed surplus power back into the national grid. In line with our policy of climate change awareness (and action) we’ve included articles on Structural Engineering and the contribution that can be made to sustainable building practices by reducing unnecessary consumption of materials and reducing CO² emissions. We’ve also featured an article on the future trends for the working environment in view of how the pandemic has altered our lifestyles – for better or worse. We’ve included an article on Turnall’s Ravenna range of concrete roof tiles which are produced locally and are robust and durable enough to withstand extreme weather conditions while keeping your home or commercial property safe, dry and well insulated – and looking good at the same time. We’ve also covered the Mandara Manor Wellness Centre, an exclusive and upmarket facility for rehabilitation and recovery in these stressful times. So sit back, relax, read and enjoy! All Structure & Design content, and much more is available online on our website and ISSUU but follow us at SDMagzim www.structureanddesignzim.com issuu.com/structuredesign
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STRUCTURE & DESIGN
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Prime Bricks is a wholly owned Zimbabwean Civil Engineering and Construction Company offering professional building solutions i.e. manufacturing of compressed cement bricks (common and face bricks), precast concrete products (SAZ approved) such as culvert pipes, reinforced concrete electricity poles (ZESA poles), kerb stones, pavers, and shelverts among many, roofing timber, ceiling solutions (cornices, bidding and centre crowns/pieces) and construction services. Our products are made to last for generations.
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main profile
Almin Metal Industries Opens a New Branch In Graniteside text – Michael Nott photos – Structure and Design
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lmin Metal Industries recently opened a new branch at 7 Cam Road inW+ Graniteside, Harare. Although the new branch opened their doors for > / Q Ž Friday 13th November. This prestigious event was attended by Netai Magade, representing Minister Sekai Nzenza (Minister of Industry and Commerce), The President of CZI Mr Henry Ruzvidzo, Managing Director of Almin Metal Industries Mr David Stally, as well as other leading players in the manufacturing and construction industries. The main branch of Almin Metal Industries in Willowvale will continue to operate as a manufacturing and retail outlet however the new branch in Graniteside offers customers much more convenience, excellent service and the same extensive range of products. Graniteside customers can purchase a single piece of aluminium or contractors can place or collect large specialised orders. There’s ample secure parking and easy access for larger deliveries and collections. The building at Cam Road used to be a branch of sister company City Glass, Ž Q V Almin’s needs. It has a huge open warehouse space, a sales and reception area on the ground floor and administrative Ž N 4 storage and manufacturing and large roller shutter doors make access for bigger trucks convenient.
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main profile
Almin opened a sales and distribution centre in Bulawayo in 2017 to cover the southern region and there are plans to open branches in other centres across Zimbabwe like Gweru and Mutare for customers’ convenience. Almin Metal Industries is wholly Zimbabwean owned company established in 1969 so they have over 50 years of experience in the business of manufacturing and marketing Ž Q irrigation and general engineering purposes. Almin owns and operates a world class aluminium extrusion plant, the only one of its kind in Zimbabwe. A large percentage of the aluminium used in their manufacturing processes is sourced from recycled scrap making the aluminium industry in Zimbabwe one of the most sustainable and environmentally friendly large scale industries with a very low carbon footprint. Aluminium Ž loss of its inherent properties of strength, malleability and visual appeal. The recycling process means that Almin uses very few imported elements, saving on foreign currency expenditure, and Almin is planning to export to the sub-Saharan region (and beyond) in the near future, which will make the company a valuable foreign currency net earner.
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main profile Almin’s core business is extruding a diverse Ž applications in the construction industry particularly door and window frames, shop fronts, shower cubicles, wall and floor cladding and a host of other uses. The characteristics of aluminium make it the material of choice for Q Q Q Ž and fabricators. Its light weight, strong, durable (non-corrosive), easy to work with and highly adaptable. Just a few major construction projects using Almin’s products include the NSSA building, the RBZ building the SAPES Trust building and just about every large scale construction project in the country. Almin’s products are also extensively used and preferred for hotels, Q Ž projects.
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main profile
Through their anodising and powder coating processes Almin’s products can be produced in any colour to match an architect, fabricator V Ž N # Ž Q bronze, plain black or white and any other colour in between from vibrant red to pastel grey. They can even match a colour sample if customers or designers want a particular colour. All colour options are available in Ž N 4 Ž time and money on repainting, sanding, sealing or varnishing. Apart from its many uses in the construction industry aluminium also has a number of applications for general engineering. Its strength and light weight makes it ideal for constructing truck and motor vehicle bodies. Aluminium tubing is used in fridges and air conditioners and other machinery and aluminium wiring is ideal for electrical applications. In fact aluminium is used in just about everything from light weight ladders to cooking pots.
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main profile Almin are continuously committed to expanding their range of products and have recently developed a new line called Alusol which is a system for solar panel mounting. Currently all solar installation companies are importing mounting systems so Alusol will provide a great local alternative, saving solar suppliers foreign currency and N ) V Ž ! V V only company to carry stock of this exciting new product. Almin also supports our agricultural industry through supplying products for irrigation schemes from small scale farmers to huge commercial farming enterprises. Their Irrigal system provides irrigation pipes that are light weight, easy to move around, highly adaptable, non-corrosive and UV resistant. Irrigal also manufacture and provide couplings, bends, reducers and valves. Tongaat Hulett, the huge sugar producers in the Lowveld, favours the Irrigal irrigation system. Almin’s ‘parent company’ Architectural Aluminium is able to manufacture and install aluminium products including frameless and dry wall partitioning, suspended ceilings and curtain walls. If you have a construction project in mind AA and Almin can assess your requirements from plans or from your site, advise you on the most suitable products, manufacture products - if necessary - that are not part of their normal stock range, provide you with a Bill of Quantities Q Ž N Working together with sister company City Glass any construction project big or small becomes a hassle free breeze.
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For all your aluminium needs visit the new Almin Metal Industries outlet at 7 Cam Road in Graniteside or call the team on the following numbers: +263 8677 007191 Sales team +263 776 634 577 / 8 / 9 Sales manager +263 774 683 174
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space of the month
Simple and sustainable design for a family home in the suburbs text by Michael Nott photos by Structure and Design additional photos and plans by Bruce Rowlands
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here were two overriding concerns to be taken into account during both the design and the construction of this unique family 2 6 N 4 Ž c d N 4 Q I Ž possible. It was an exercise in minimalism and sustainability – creating a comfortable and beautiful family home on a modest budget with no unnecessary or wasteful indulgence.
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space of the month The site is one of the best preserved pockets of unspoiled indigenous miombo woodland within the city‘s suburban sprawl. Typical of miombo woodland there are copious amounts of Msasa and Munondo trees as well as wild grasses and shrubs and because it’s within a suburban area it hasn’t been subjected
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to seasonal burning for many years. In fact, because it’s such a pristine site it has become an important breeding ground for a local species of chameleons – the only chameleon conservancy in the region. The owners of the site even conduct ‘chameleon safaris’ for children to introduce them to this fascinating species.
The original site of approximately 1.5 acres has been subdivided into three smaller plots for separate developments although there are no Ž has been preserved in its undisturbed state. The house, designed by Bruce Rowlands from Architexture Spatial Design, is at the furthest end of the site and set on a fairly steeply sloping, west facing piece of ground of 1400 m².
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One of the conditions of sale imposed by the owners was that the existing trees should be preserved wherever possible – not an easy task on a heavily wooded site. Accordingly the architectural design ÂŽ with as little disturbance as possible. As a result the house nestles comfortably within the woodland with trees right up against the structure – or even with trees shooting up through the verandah decking and a tree within the outdoor, open air, downstairs shower room. Henning Jordaan, from Henning’s Nursery in Greendale, was enlisted to ‘landscape’ the site – although it’s not landscaping in the conventional sense. His brief was to enhance what was already existing, to add rather than remove, and to disturb the soil as little as possible. Chameleons lay their eggs in the soil so creating expanses of lawn or pretty flower beds was not permitted. Henning has concentrated on three self-contained planter boxes near the V ÂŽ Q pachypodiums, succulents and other sculptural plants to soften the façade around the entrance and the car port. In front of the house he’s added some mulching where the soil had been disturbed by the construction process and to also help preserve rain water and prevent it running down the slope. He’s planted some indigenous grasses sourced from around the area and scattered wild grass seeds which should begin to sprout now with the current rain. He’s added a few carefully selected succulents and aloes, some ground covers and installed a small natural walkway leading part way down the slope. The plants in the planter boxes are very waterwise and the rest of the garden is very low – in fact almost zero – maintenance. The only gardening required will be to remove non-indigenous invasive species!
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"Proud
to be building the future of
Zimbabwe" +263 242 788320/1 murrayscott.martin@gmail.com
GUEST PARKING
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VERANDAH BEDROOM
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space of the month There’s a small natural wetland at the bottom of the slope with Ž future years. The whole house - not just the garden – is designed around sensible and sustainable water usage. Rowlands has designed a water harvesting system so that rain water from the roof and the driveway is channelled into a 10,000 litre basement tank so it can be re-used. There is an existing borehole on the site I V Ž K to function comfortably without relying solely on the council water supply. Another innovative water saving device is the wash hand basin/toilet cistern system whereby water from the basin – which is usually wasted – drains directly into the cistern. In addition to the sustainable water harvesting system the house has also been designed with solar water heaters and a 10kva solar backup system so the house can almost run off grid. The solar system was supplied by One Stop Solar and installed by JDI (Johnson’s Design & Installation). The house has also been designed and orientated to take full advantage of the westerly views, but uses huge sliding screens, verandahs, cross ventilation and ceiling fans to prevent overheating in summer. The main living space has large glass sliding doors and glass gables orientated towards northerly sun for winter warmth. Although the footprint of the house is relatively small (293m² on >>B ʹ Ž d 2 Ž I an en suite bathroom - two other bathrooms and a guest toilet. There’s a large study, generous open plan living space and expansive verandahs and balconies.
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Johnson’s Johnson’s Design Design & & Installation Installation Electrical & Mechanical Contractors Electrical & Mechanical Contractors P.O Box EH 50, Emerald Hill P.O Box EH 50, Emerald Hill Electrical Building Plumbing Electrical Building Plumbing
Telephone: 242 300 017/51 or 242 2917511/2930966 Telephone: 242 300 017/51 or 242 2917511/2930966 Email: jdi@africaonline.co.zw Email: jdi@africaonline.co.zw
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space of the month There’s a small natural wetland at the bottom of the slope with plans Ž years. The whole house - not just the garden – is designed around sensible and sustainable water usage. Rowlands has designed a water harvesting system so that rain water from the roof and the driveway is channelled into a 10,000 litre basement tank so it can be re-used. There is an existing borehole on the site - although it’s not Ž K without relying solely on the council water supply. Another innovative water saving device is the wash hand basin/toilet cistern system whereby water from the basin – which is usually wasted – drains directly into the cistern. In addition to the sustainable water harvesting system the house has also been designed with solar water heaters and a 10kva solar backup system so the house can almost run off grid. The solar system was supplied by One Stop Solar and installed by JDI (Johnson’s Design & Installation). The house has also been designed and orientated to take full advantage of the westerly views, but uses huge sliding screens, verandahs, cross ventilation and ceiling fans to prevent overheating in summer. The main living space has large glass sliding doors and glass gables orientated towards northerly sun for winter warmth. Although the footprint of the house is relatively small (293m² on the >>B ʹ Ž d 2 Ž I bathroom - two other bathrooms and a guest toilet. There’s a large study, generous open plan living space and expansive verandahs and balconies. The ground floor has a double carport and a verandah at the entrance. The front door leads directly into an open plan space incorporating the kitchen (with a scullery and storage space tucked away) and a large living/dining room. The living space has a high double volume ceiling which makes the space feel more generous. Rowlands has utilised the kind of technology normally seen in warehouse design to span the space so the high roof has minimal trusses to disturb the unbroken expanse. The living room has sliding doors on two sides which open up to wide verandahs and the garden beyond, as well as windows on the third side overlooking the smaller front verandah. A free standing island partially demarcates the kitchen as well as providing a prep surface, storage and a kind of breakfast bar. Rowlands has selected Silver 0 Ž K Ž N & those few chilly winter nights there’s a small wood burning stove with a stainless steel chimney which leads up through the double volume space and radiates extra warmth for the whole house.
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FLU
BEDROOM DOUBLE VOLUME
LOFT STUDY
VIEWING DECK
BEDROOM
There are three bedrooms on the ground floor. One bedroom is separate from the main house and completely self-contained with a small bathroom and private outside entrance. It can be used as live in quarters for household staff or as a guest suite. Of the other two bedrooms one is tucked away into the heart of the house so it’s pretty well insulated and the temperature is quite consistent throughout the year. The other bedroom is west facing with views of the front woodland. For this bedroom – and the master bedroom which is directly above – Rowlands has designed sliding wooden shutters to cover the expansive glass and cut down on direct sunlight in summer. It also means that there’s no need for curtains to interfere or dilute the minimalist/industrial interior design. A simple concrete staircase with modest, black painted, steel bannisters leads to the second floor. The bannisters and the rails on the balconies were designed by Rowlands and made by Basil and Lindy Rowlands – formerly of Art Mart. The top floor has the mezzanine study overlooking the living room, a family bedroom and the master suite. There’s also a large viewing deck with a great, elevated view of the natural woodland. The deck has a vaguely ’safari spa’ feel about it – luxurious and tranquil. ISSUE 36
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312 Hillside Road, Msasa, Harare Email: admin@trellidor.co.zw Tel: 0242-447713Â
ALL YOUR ALUMINIUM SOLUTIONS IN PREMIUM QUALITY
2 Ž in line with the modest budget and also in part as an experiment to see what can be left out without compromising the aesthetics and the comforts of a modern home. It’s in line with the philosophy of creating sustainable homes on a modest budget without spending on unnecessary luxuries or design frills. Floors throughout are polished concrete without timber or tile treatments, walls are exposed brick or Ž N 4 Ž are kept simple and exposed as part of the visual identity of the home.
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"ICCPaint PaintWarehouse Warehouse......also alsofor foryour yournot-so-conventional not-so-conventional finishes" "ICC Email:sales@intercoat.co.zw||Tel: Tel:08677004867 08677004867 || www.intercoat.co.zw www.intercoat.co.zw Email:sales@intercoat.co.zw 32
STRUCTURE & DESIGN
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0773 052 804 fusionhome@gmx.com @fusionflooringzw
Suppliers and Installers of Hardwood Flooring, Laminate and Luxury Vinyl Flooring, Engineered Oak Flooring and Cladding, Interlocking Rubber Tiles, Residential and Commercial Carpets. 34
STRUCTURE & DESIGN
The restrained interiors would feel a bit hard and cold were it not for the variety of natural textures provided by the raw materials. There are no curtains covering the large expanses of glass – because there are not many angles from which neighbours might look in. Where privacy is essential Rowlands has substituted frosted glass or sliding wooden shutters. The lack of curtains also helps to emphasise the indoor/outdoor connection and reinforce the feeling of living in the woods. The almost monastic austerity of the rooms has been softened by area rugs and Q Q Ž : V N The home is a great exemplar of environmentally friendly design and sustainable living.
SUPPLIERS LIST Architect: Bruce Rowlands (and team from Architexture) Elevate Construction Henning’s Nursery Fred Smith ECE Romeo Kitchens ISS Home Improvements ICC Fusion Flooring # 2 Ž Ashley, Basil and Lindy Rowlands Zimsinga Plumbers JDI (Johnson’s Design and Installation) Trellidor
Timberland The Shutter Door Company One Stop Solar Olly French Martin Ware Neves Ironcraft Bernard Mawunga Martyn Hartell Adam Seager Zambezi Roots Brigitte McNabb Craig van deRuit Pride of Africa Luke Nel Tristan Balzer
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industrial profile
SOLAR ENERGY PROJECTS IS NOW ESTABLISHED IN POMONA
Text: Michael Nott; Photos: Structure and Design
olar Energy Projects (SEP) opened their new warehouse in May last year at stand 522, in the rapidly developing Pomona Industrial Park along Harare Drive. The new premises include the huge warehouse space of 1000 sq. m, sales ÂŽ Q
additional 500 sq. m. There’s also a manufacturing section as well as facilities for ongoing research and development.
While Agristructures provided the shell of the building most of the interior finishes were manufactured and installed by SEP. At the reception, SEP have created a whimsical and quirky welcoming desk made from an old decommissioned 300Kw hydro-electric turbine. It has a kind of industrial ‘steam punk’ look but it works well and shows off SEPs’ engineering heritage. It’s certainly unique!
The custom built warehouse, of approximately 1,500 sq. m, was designed by SEP to accommodate their requirements. It was mostly fabricated by local construction company Agristructures. The shell of the building is fairly conventional – there’s a polished concrete floor slab, a glass curtain wall in front with a balcony leading off of the sales Ž Q # with multiple translucent skylights punched through. The walls of the structure are solid brick for the lower section with Chromadek cladding on a steel skeleton above. Large roller shutter doors on both the east and west sides allow for convenient deliveries and despatch. Solar panels, batteries and the related equipment are fairly bulky.
SEP’s engineering and manufacturing departments have also created the steel staircase leading up to the mezzanine floor. The mezzanine is basically a steel frame clad with pine floorboards. SEP designed and manufactured the steel and glass partition walls as well as most of the desks and work stations. A nice detail is the outline of Zimbabwe made from scrap parts in the director’s office. In the training department desks have been made from defunct solar panels. The desks work well, they’re cheaper than buying conventional (and boring) office desks, and there’s a 25 year warranty on the panels! Engineering and manufacturing can be fun too.
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The family business is owned and managed by father and son team Oloff and Sebastian Smyth who together have ÂŽ N /
an Electrical Engineer with over 40 years of experience in both light and heavy electrical engineering, while Sebastian studied Renewable Energy Engineering at the prestigious TAFE (Technical and Further Education) College in Australia and designs most of SEPs solar installations. SEP was started in 2009 and before moving to the Pomona premises the business was run from the backyard office and workshops of the home of one of the owners at 16 Campbell Road in Borrowdale. Campbell Road is no longer operating as all the work previously done there has moved to the Pomona premises. From a fairly modest start as a small two man business SEP has rapidly grown to become the leaders in the solar energy field. They now have a permanent staff of 25 at Pomona with 45 installation teams across Zimbabwe. ISSUE 36
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Since 2009 SEP has successfully completed over 2,000 installations of solar projects, ranging from small scale residential projects to large scale industrial solar solutions, including commercial pumping systems : V ÂŽ N 4 recently won the biggest solar power tender in Zimbabwe to supply and install 642 solar systems for the UNDP in partnership with the Ministries of Health and Child Care and Public Works. Most of the systems are in fairly remote areas which have no access to the ZESA grid, and they will supply power for clinics and hospitals and other UNDP projects.
The scale of the UNDP project has meant that SEP has set up an extensive in house training programme to establish 45 four person teams deployed across the country for installations. This makes them one of the biggest solar installations companies in the country – and certainly the company with the most experience. Unlike many other start-up companies, SEP has long ago made their mistakes, learnt from them, and together with their world-class technology partners they’ve developed and moved forward secure in the knowledge of their hard won skills.
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SEP’s premises in Pomona has the capacity to run totally off the grid for all their requirements including lighting, their computer systems and even heavy machinery. They can run their welding and grinding machinery which use large amounts of electricity in intensive bursts. Most solar systems are not able to cope with these demands. All their handling equipment including cranes and forklifts also run off solar/ battery power so they can be used not just within the warehouse but also in more remote areas with no easy access to the grid. ) 3%0 Ž :%3! – one of which is NatPharm in Masvingo and the second was a residential project, both in 2019. Their warehouse net meter system was installed this year. This means that when their electricity production exceeds their needs excess power is fed back to the national grid and SEP receives a credit so they can use the ZESA grid when or if they need it up to the limit of their credit. It also helps to prolong their battery life span. Their sister company Penelonga Renewable Energy is registered as an Independent Power Provider supplying the national Zimbabwean grid with up to 300kw and growing to 10MW in the next few years. Apart from conventional residential and commercial applications, SEP is also involved in mining, manufacturing and agricultural projects. They supply solar water pumping solutions for mines and for irrigation and they have recently (together with Brown Engineering) created the Tsanga Ranch tobacco curing tunnel – a Ž : N 4 4 solar and hydro power. It’s a particularly ‘green’ solution as most Ž and power, so it’s an environmentally friendly option. SEP are equally adept in creating all kinds of alternative energy production systems including solar power, hydro power and wind turbines. In fact, Oloff contributed to a wind power project on Ross Island in Antarctica!
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industrial profile Should you require an alternative energy solution SEP will visit your site and assess and monitor your energy needs over a period of time – not just a single day. They can then custom design a system that suits your unique situation, provide you with a quotation, import the equipment to supplement their stock on hand if necessary, and install the system on site. They also provide maintenance and repairs as needed and they’re Ž
a four year warrantee on their workmanship. Your solar system can be monitored from your phone or laptop and systems are 3%0V ÂŽ ÂŽ real time. SEP provides solar, hydro and wind powered solutions as well as solar power for backup and off-grid solutions, commercial solar water pumping, mains voltage stabilisers, pump protection relays, generator AVRs (automatic voltage regulators) and a host of related services including engineering and specialised manufacturing. They are the proud suppliers of major brands like Victron Energy, Jinko Solar, Pylontech. Although most of their components are imported from world-leading brands they do manufacture some elements locally including solar array frames, control and switch boxes, and other custom made apparatus as needed. Whatever your energy requirements SEP can provide the solution. Because of the scale of their business plus their years of experience they can supply the best system at the most competitive prices with full backup and maintenance service.
4 ÂŽ P Visit Solar Energy Projects at 522 Pomona Industrial Park Check out their website at: www.solarenergyprojects.co.zw Email: info@solarenergyprojects.co.zw Tel: +263 8677 193 262 Sales: +263 719 228 047 Workshop: +263 719 228 043 42
STRUCTURE & DESIGN
Solar Solar Solar
ENERGYPROJECTS PROJECTS ENERGY ENERGY PROJECTS
522 Pomona 522 Pomona Industrial Park,Pomona, Pomona,Harare Harare 522 PomonaIndustrial IndustrialPark, Park, Pomona, Harare Tel: +263 Tel: +2638677 8677193 193262 262Sales: Sales: +263 719 228 047 Tel: +263 8677 Sales:+263 +263719 719228 228047 047 WorkShop: +263 WorkShop: +263719 228043 043 Accounts: +263 8677 193 262 WorkShop: +263 719228 043Accounts: Accounts:+263 +2638677 8677193 193262 262 info@solarenergyprojects.co.zw www.solarenergyprojects.co.zw info@solarenergyprojects.co.zw www.solarenergyprojects.co.zw info@solarenergyprojects.co.zw 43 www.solarenergyprojects.co.zw ISSUE 36
FLUSH
TREATMENT (Optional)
We are an ITC SA Certified Truss Fabricator MiTek Timber Roof Trusses CCA treatment (Optional)
ROOFING SOLUTIONS TRUSSES
BRANDERING
RHINOBOARD
RHINOBOND
RHINOSET
PAINTS
UNION HARDWARE
ANNIVERSARY
Workington +263 772 663 352 +263 739 340 579 +263 739 340 580 +263 787 755 095
Msasa +263 785 870 329 +263 785 870 478 +263 774 136 492
HERE ARE SOME HANDY HINTS ON CARING FOR YOUR ROOF IN ZIMBABWE CHECK YOUR ROOF OFTEN
Whether your roof is made of thatch, metal, tile or slate, you need to get up there regularly. For shingled, tiled and metal roof, inspections should be done every three years. However, more regular inspections (annually, perhaps) are best. Always wear a helmet and be very careful when climbing up onto a roof.
CLEAN YOUR ROOF
Just cleaning dirt off your roof can help to keep it free from moss and fungus, which can cause erosion and other damage in the long term.
REPAIR CRACKED TILES AND SHINGLES
KEEP THE AREA ABOVE THE ROOF FREE OF BRANCHES Overhanging drop their leaves, which then become wet and soggy in rains and dew, and damage the roof. Falling twigs and branches may also cause other damage to the tiles and shingles, breaking them as they crash down.
BE SEALANT SAVVY
Be very thorough when checking the state of your sealant and replace it wherever necessary.
PAINT YOUR ROOF
Regularly painting your roof is not only for the fresh, clean look and feel; it’s also an important part of protecting it from the hot sun of Zimbabwe.
Cracked and damaged tiles can lead to leaks; which causes damage to the ceiling, introduces mould and mildew to the interior of your Q ÂŽ electrical system, and will compromise the integrity of the roof N " ÂŽ Q N
ADDRESS RUST
Roof repairs in Zimbabwe often involve taking care of rust because of the many metal roofs that are used throughout Zimbabwe. The initial phases of rust can be handled by scrubbing the rusty areas with a wire brush, applying primer, and then painting over the area. This is an easy way to prevent massive erosion, leaks, and eventually replacement of the roof.
UNION HARDWARE
ANNIVERSARY
KEEP YOUR GUTTERS CLEAN
When your gutters get clogged up with leaves and other debris, this spells disaster for your roof. The water that gets caught in the clogged gutters will soon leak into the structure of your roof and cause massive damage.
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RAINWATER HARVESTING with
RAINWATER HARVESTING is an effective and eco-friendly method of reducing municipal water usage in your home, which will lead to reduced water bills and deliveries. Making the switch to a rainwater harvesting system is neither complicated nor time consuming and will result in a wide range of benefits for your home. The savings mean that the equipment pays for itself. Before installation, it is recommended that the roof top and gutters are cleaned before using it as a collection surface. BASIC INSTALLATION The simplest way to collect and store rainwater from rooftops during the rainy season, is to place a Jumbo Tank directly at the 46
gutter downpipe. It is best placed on a flat, level surface, such as brick and mortar and slightly raised if the tank will be drained using a bucket. A hole can be cut into the top of your Jumbo Tank to fit the downpipe. Care should be taken not to leave space around the downpipe, as to not allow sunlight to enter the tank and thereby discourage the growth of algae. The lid is best kept on the Jumbo Tank for this reason. It is not advisable to cut an inlet hole on the lid, as this is best used for inspection purposes. A net or sieve can also be placed over the end of the pipe to catch any debris before it enters the tank. A tap can be placed near the bottom of the tank for fitting a hose pipe or for filling other containers.
STRUCTURE & DESIGN
BASIC INSTALLATION
JUMBO TANKS: • INSTALLATION WITH PUMP A pump can easily be added to the the system to fill another tank or to pump directly into the house. It is also recommended that a filter be added before pumping into an existing water tank or being plumbed directly into the house.
• •
Are proudly made in Zimbabwe using the leading technology in the world. Come with a 12-year warrantee. Triple layered.
The inner layer is a white food grade high density polyethylene. This is hygienic and allows for easy inspection of the interior. The middle layer is black and ensures total exclusion of sunlight to prevent the growth of algae. The robust outer layer is an attractive modern grey colour to suit any property.
ALL ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE AT ANY DRIPTECH BRANCH
WHICH SYSTEM IS BEST FOR ME? Rainwater harvesting can be adapted to each circumstance and budget. If you would like advice on setting up your rainwater collection system, please contact our knowledgeable staff at your nearest DripTech branch or call
0867 700 7000.
COVENTRY GLENARA HARARE DRIVE 2ND STREET MUTARE
www.driptech.co.zw
0867 700 7000 INSTALLATION WITH PUMP ISSUE 36
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material focus
Turnall Tiles
5RRÀQJ 6ROXWLRQV )RU (YHU\ 3URMHFW he history of Turnall Holdings Ltd in Zimbabwe stretches back almost 80 years to 1943 when Porters Cement ) Ž Ž Ž N ! 0 ! engineer and entrepreneur working in what was then Southern Rhodesia. Because of the Second World War the importation of basic building materials was severely restricted so Porter began a local Ž Ž for water and sewerage reticulation and other related products. Initially there were manufacturing plants in Salisbury – now Harare – as well as Bulawayo and Mutare, although these were later closed in a rationalisation drive. .Manufacturing now only takes place in Harare although there are Turnall distributors and agents across the country. In the 60’s, 70’s and 80’s there was a major boom in both the construction industry (mostly for residential housing schemes to accommodate the rapidly growing urban population) as well as in civic infrastructure development. Turnall now produces a huge range of world-class products including piping and plumbing products, pavers, roof sheets and roof tiles and decorative items for the home owner. They are the leading suppliers for local customers and also export their products to other countries in the region like Zambia and Botswana. 48
STRUCTURE & DESIGN
4 ÂŽ European Foundation for Quality Management System in 2010. The company has also received a number of other awards including ÂŽ ?;;? 1 % Management System (ISO 9001:2000 QMS and ISO 14001:1996) ÂŽ / ( 3 - System, OHSAS 18001:1999, again by SABS. In 2011 Turnall won the Best Overall Quoted Company on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange. Of late it scooped the Overall winner 2018 on Energy Management CZI Award supported by ZETDC. In 2013 Turnall began manufacturing cement roof tiles to augment ÂŽ N 7
Ž Ž tiles are aimed at more upmarket and prestigious projects. Roof tiles are more elegant and aesthetically pleasing than roof sheets and Ž N % Ž # around 5,000 years ago and also in the Mediterranean around the same time rapidly spreading to Spain and then the rest of Europe Ž N # Ž Germany in the early 1800’s when a German farmer made some flat thin slabs from the new Portland cement concrete and used them as roof tiles for his barn. Before long, he had built up a small sideline making tiles for his neighbours. Many of the early roofs from the 19th Century are still in existence which gives proof to the durability (and aesthetic appeal) of concrete tiles. Despite their origin in Germany concrete roof tiles have become synonymous with the roof structures of villas in Italy, Greece, Spain and Portugal.
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material focus In response to customer demand in 2013 Turnall started manufacturing their exclusive and upmarket range of Ravenna roof tiles inspired by classical and medieval Italian architecture. Their tiles measure around 330mm x 420mm and weigh approximately 4.6 kgs each. They are available in a range of colours including black, red (or terracotta), brown and amber. Because the concrete tiles are tinted during the manufacturing process they are fade resistant and maintain their original colour for many years. The tiles can also be easily painted to any colour of a customer’s choice, making them the Ž Q N # K Ž N ! Ž N 4 Ž 4 concrete ridge tiles for the apex or joining parts of the roof. In addition Turnall can work from your architect’s or engineer’s drawings to provide you with an accurate Bill of Quantities so you can get the correct amount of tiles for your project. As an additional customer service they can also outsource deliveries to just about anywhere in Zimbabwe. Concrete roof tiles are extremely durable and also provide excellent protection properties for both heat and sound insulation. Because of their heavy thermal mass they help minimise the need for heating and cooling within the home and can withstand extreme temperature and weather variations. Concrete roof tiles can withstand wind speeds of up to 125 miles per hour which would destroy other roof structures. 4 Q Q V Ž retardant. The roof tiles are virtually maintenance free and cracked or damaged tiles can be easily replaced without having to re-do the whole roof – single tiles can be replaced with ease. Turnall has the capacity to manufacture 35,000 tiles per day and generally have a huge amount of tiles in stock so you can depend on a system of ‘pay and collect’ instantly with no waiting period for K V $)9 Ž for a huge housing development.
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STRUCTURE & DESIGN
HARARE HEAD OFFICE ADDRESS: 5 Glasgow Rd, Southerton, Harare, Zimbabwe Phone: +263242745625-9 VoIP: +2638677004874 Email: customercare@turnall.co.zw
BULAWAYO PLANT ADDRESS: Steelworks Road, Bulawayo Phone: +263292882230 VoIP : +2638677004875 Email: customercare@turnall.co.zw Support Email customercare@turnall.co.zw
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commercial profile
MANDARA MANOR WELLNESS CENTRE
….
…Exclusive Mental Health Facilities
text by Michael Nott photos by Mandara Manor, Structure & Design
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STRUCTURE & DESIGN
andara Manor Wellness Centre was Ž opened on 30th October this year by Deputy Minister of Health and Child Care, Dr John Mangwiro. Mandara Manor is the third centre in the group of mental healthcare facilities that includes Highlands Halfway House and Borrowdale Halfway House – all run by a group of local doctors and healthcare specialists. 4 # % / Ž of the Highlands Wellness ' $ 3 Ž # N Mandara Manor Wellness Centre is a psychiatric and rehabilitation facility offering specialised care for people with alcohol and Ž as well as treatment for a range of mental health issues including depression and suicidal tendencies, stress, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Upon referral from a doctor or from family members patients can be admitted and accommodated at the Centre for a minimum of 6 weeks up to a maximum of three months. Patients are admitted irrespective of race, gender or age. As well as residential patients the Centre also treats clients on an outpatient basis. While they’re at the facility patients receive
full board as well as a range of therapeutic treatments from a staff that includes specialist psychiatrists, psychologists and occupational therapists. They can also enjoy a range of indoor and outdoor activities including the use of the on-site gym with twice weekly training sessions, a basketball court, massage therapy and beauty therapy, visits from a barber and hairstylist, as well as indoor board games, Netflix and DStv.
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commercial profile
The well-equipped gym is an obvious new build, although the architectural style takes its lead from the main building. There’s a fully equipped modern kitchen with a gourmet chef in attendance to cater for particular dietary preferences or restrictions. Patients who would previously have sought treatment outside the country can now be accommodated locally saving foreign currency and travel expenses. In addition, the three treatment centres have accepted clients from South Africa, Canada, the UK and the USA as our local facilities are of world class standards. The project, situated at 9 Tiptol Close, in the tranquil suburb of Mandara, was funded as a portfolio investment by the Zimbabwe Electricity Industry Pension Fund (ZEIPF). The ZEIP acquired the site in around 2013. It was a residential property with an older house existing on the stand that needed some renovations but was basically structurally sound and solidly built. The renovations, extensions and newly built sections were designed by Ruswa Consulting (ERC Urban Design Consultants)
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STRUCTURE & DESIGN
with ERC, DM Jena Associates and ZEIPF acting as project managers and KW Construction as the main contractor. Work started on the project in December 2019 and was completed in October 2020 this year. ERC has maintained the traditional Zimbabwean home look and feel of the existing house while extending and updating it. The original tiled roof with a gentle pitch and small overhanging eaves has been extended seamlessly so it’s hard to tell which part is original and which part is new. All the original ‘Crittall-style’ window frames have been replaced with aluminium frames so that they match the new sections and also give the house a more up to date look. ERC has added an impressive entrance façade that gives the structure an imposing, serious look – without being intimidating. The front has been clad with stone tiles and the windows sheltered behind steel louver slats. To the left of the façade there are two blocky monoliths with black slate cladding and a concrete cross beam that together form a gateway to the emergency admission space where a ramp leads up to the solid teak exterior door. To the right there’s an outdoor patio and seating area with a very high roof of corrugated iron resting on concrete pillars. The roof also partly shelters the access to the main reception area.
4 I Ž Ž N ' Q houses built at the time of the original structure would have been fairly dark inside with rooms leading off of long narrow passageways and a separate lounge and dining room. ERC has created large open U V Ž light, with pristine white tiled floors throughout and N 4 Ž Q in what was presumably the original lounge, has been preserved to add a homely touch. Where there are passageways they’re wide and light rather than dark and narrow. There are now 8 bedrooms – each with a private wellappointed bathroom en suite – so the facility can comfortably accommodate up to 11 resident clients at any one time. There are 4 bedrooms for men – 1 double and 3 single – 3 bedrooms for women – 1 shared and 2 private rooms – and an additional gender neutral bedroom. 4 Ž extension as older houses tended to have small kitchens stuck away at the back of the house. The Ž cabinets as well as all the necessary modern appliances needed to conjure up gourmet meals for clients who can be a bit picky about food! ISSUE 36
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commercial profile
The interior dĂŠcor has been carefully designed to be comfortable, up-market but still relaxing, with a minimum of clutter and fuss to distract clients. The big windows and white tiled floors could feel cold but the choice of teak furniture and seating upholstered in soft colours and natural fabrics warms the place up and makes it more welcoming. Unique art works, specially commissioned from local painter Pearl Thompson, brighten up the walls and add interest. Vases of fresh cut flowers, decorative bowls and candles complete the tasteful dĂŠcor.
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STRUCTURE & DESIGN
Even the dĂŠcor in the bedrooms has been considered with each room having its own personality. There are comfortable Q Q ÂŽ N % Q comforters, cushions and throws are spa-like quality to ensure as much relaxation and rest as possible.
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commercial profile
The fairly simple gardens were designed and landscaped by Commonweal investments. There’s lots of manicured green lawn to give an open feel with touches of colour added at the front reception and the rose beds on the sides. The driveway has been brick paved and there’s ample parking for staff, consultants and visitors. Mandara Manor is administered by Ms Gugulethu Vaki who oversees a staff complement of 23 people, including 24 hour nursing services, for a maximum of 11 clients, so everyone is assured of top quality personal attention at all times. To contact Mandara Manor Wellness Centre: Call: 0772697201
SUPPLIERS LIST Ruswa Consultants - Architects Beta Bricks Halsteds Brothers Levi Lynch CAAPS
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STRUCTURE & DESIGN
Commonwealth Astra Paints Mcdonald Timbers Intergrated Building Solutions
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engineersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; profile
The future of the working environment: Inclinations to a practical and effective change THE FUTURE OF THE WORKING ENVIRONMENT: INCLINATIONS TO A PRACTICAL AND EFFECTIVE CHANGE
By Innocent Mhandu
The world can be unpredictable in some instances. Questions are all over: What long-standing time will hold? What will we learn? How will life adjust? The corona virus widespread has coerced millions to take off their places of work and adjust to working from home. Several months after the flare-up, a lot of people are still working from home. What was perceived to be a short-term break from the ÂŽ Q ÂŽ change will come in the near future. We at GreenA Sustainability do not subscribe to the perception ÂŽ N ( Q unexampled change in the working system, accelerating already incubated trends of healthy buildings and resilience. We have all been interrupted, and we must prepare to face another interruption and be interrupters in the future too. We have observed throughout this pandemic that technology ÂŽ N We should take advantage of this interruption to effect positive change. This comes in the form of enhancing employeeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s workplace experience, creating healthy work environments, which all results in improved employeesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; productivity. This article brings into light the trends affecting the workplace and how they are making clients to adopt operating technology. In all sectors, there is an observation of a remarkable annual growth of workplace technology. This supports several key macro tendencies, many of which can be reproduced at building or organisational levels:
â&#x20AC;˘ The road to a zero carbon plan compelling operational estate ÂŽ N 1. Smart Personnel 7 NĚž4 corona virus and the largest world-wide work from home experiment have taught us that we can be effective and get things done. The downside has been that, it is hard for teams to be creative virtually. We need to be in the company of others and we need to be able to speak, interrupt each other, write things on walls, and have that stimulation that can only be found in the physical company of others.
Whilst many big corporations have announced their move to an ÂŽ Q ÂŽ N )
N When personnel are given the option to work from home whenever they want, and chose the space in which they work to the best of their ability, it makes them happier. This flexibility and choice builds trust, loyalty, attracts the best talent, and ultimately sustains a more
N Ěž
4 ÂŽ the engine of functional output to hubs of collaboration, incubators of ideas, and places where we strengthen relationships.
2. Improved user experience Organisations need to bring people together to collaborate, share Q NĚž
â&#x20AC;˘ On-demand services offering new revenue streams â&#x20AC;˘ A demand for smart digital infrastructure to support a rapidly changing technology landscape â&#x20AC;˘ End users demanding more digital services that support health Ěž
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STRUCTURE & DESIGN
3 ÂŽ concentrating on their needs. Employeesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; expectations of the N 4 ÂŽ Q ÂŽ offering facilities and assist services bridging this gap of expectation.
!Ěž& Ěž ?;>F include:
Transform
To future needs â&#x20AC;&#x201C; in space layouts, buildings systems, workplace technology and business processes to suit stakeholders needs including those of end users.
"
To outside future impacts such as cyber security, information security, pandemics, social, political, climate and national infrastructure changes.
â&#x20AC;˘ To be enabled to work with purpose. â&#x20AC;˘ Commitment to health and wellbeing â&#x20AC;˘ Permanent flexibility
3.
/ % ÂŽ P %
Currently, there are major challenges for energy management. Post Covid-19, expert guidance recommends large increases of fresh air and reduction of air recirculation. This new guidance is counter ÂŽ large percentage of carbon emissions, spending and emitting more when buildings are only partially occupied. 4.
The past has taught us that our ability to face these challenges often relies on our ability to adopt new or mature technology in new ways that support workplace needs. Transformation is needed, and technology will be a fundamental piece of our buoyancy.
/ % ÂŽ P -
The greater use of technology to support greater operational ÂŽ and decrease the demands for operation management and user processes. And that is not just in terms of immediate returns, but also in building resilience.
5.
As each interruption comes, there is potentially an increased impact, unless we build buoyancy. There are many challenges that building users, tenants, operators and owners will face.
( Q 7 0
Health and wellbeing are very essential bringing a new perspective to healthy buildings. Observing more parameters relating to indoor air quality, enhanced ventilation, thermal comfort and transparency of the environment (in which employees spend most of their time) ÂŽ resilience to pandemics.
7 ÂŽ ÂŽ Q through a change. GreenA Sustainability is ready to meet the challenge with excitement at what positive change this can bring. Innocent is a sustainable building design consultant with GreenA Sustainability Pte Ltd, a provider of consulting services on developing N 4 ÂŽ V energy saving and comfort optimizing strategies by an integral approach in building design. For a further discussion on the topic you can email innocent@greenaconsultants.com or enquiry@greenaconsultants.com
What we know is that we will continue to work in a world which moves fast, full of noise and disruption. Employees value workplaces which can accommodate different modes of work, from facilitating private and quiet concentration, to enabling interactive and collaborative environments.
The workplace and the ergonomics of working in the physical and the digital environment are the key influences on productivity. The workplace of the future will need to be highly enticing, highly adaptive and highly tuned to usersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; needs. This type of internal environment underpins performance and ultimately generates success for an organisation.
6.
4 "
Failing to change with the world has always meant lagging behind. The world is changing faster than anyone anticipates and businesses need to be more flexible than ever.
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Longden Steel is steel company
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES -
Structural steel;
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Gabions Security and fencing products; Designing and fabrication of steel, individual components of building and non-building structures; Wire products for concrete works; Mining roof supports; Threaded holding down bolts; and Electricity line materials, saddles, stay sets, bow and thimble; Windows and Doorframes
CONGRATULATIONS TO TROIKA DESIGNS ON THE COMPLETION OF THE SITARI ESTATE
490 Goodwin Road, Willowvale, Harare PRODUCTS AND SERVICES 0242 611311/ +2638644142611 longdensteel.com -- Structural steel;
- Gabions - Security and fencing products; - Designing and fabrication of steel, individual components of building and non-building structures; - Wire products for concrete works; - Mining roof supports; - Threaded holding down bolts; and - Electricity line materials, saddles, stay sets, bow and thimble; - Windows and Doorframes
TECHNICAL ACUMEN & ENGINEERING SKILLS
Longden Steel is steel company PROJECT MANAGEMENT
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
TECHNICAL ACUMEN & ENGINEERING SKILLS
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES - Structural steel; - Rebar cutting, bending and fixing CONGRATULATIONS TO TROIKA DESIGNS ON THE COMPLETION OF THE SITARI ESTATE PROJECT MANAGEMENT - Gabions - Security and fencing products; 490 Goodwin Road, Willowvale, Harare - Designing and fabrication of steel, individual 0242 611311/ +2638644142611 components of building and non-building structures; longdensteel.com - Wire products for concrete works; - Mining roof supports; - Threaded holding down bolts; and - Electricity line materials, saddles, stay sets, bow and thimble; - Windows and Doorframes
490 Goodwin Road, Willowvale, Harare 0242 611311/ +2638644142611 newbusiness@longdensteel.com www.longdensteel.com STRUCTURE & DESIGN 62
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERSâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; ROLE ON BUILDING SUSTAINABILITY
BUILDINGS ARE BUILT-UP MASS. AND THIS MASS CONTAINS VALUABLE RESOURCES THAT ARE BECOMING INCREASINGLY SCARCE AND ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR MANY CO 2 EMISSIONS. STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS IN PARTICULAR CAN MASSIVELY REDUCE MATERIAL CONSUMPTION.
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS AND THEIR ROLE IN THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS: They are popularly known as structural engineers, although structural engineering is not the only part of their work. They are also responsible for ensuring that the building is given a welldesigned, economical and appropriate supporting structure and, of course, that it is sustainable in the end. They deal with everything that forms the skeleton of the structure, the bones that are usually not visible. They exchange with the architects or the building services planners. The role they play in detail naturally depends on N ! ÂŽ
than a sports arena. However, for integrative and thus optimal planning, they should be there from the start, i.e. already in the interdisciplinary planning competition. Unfortunately, this is often not the case in reality. The primary task carried out by engineers involves calculating the loads and stresses that will be generated in a building and then providing a solution that will enable the structure to withstand the loads and stresses. The key part that is often overlooked by most engineers is doing this in an economical way. Most buildings end up structurally sound and overdesigned which makes them expensive to build and increase the carbon footprint. Engineers are responsible for selection of suitable construction material. Materials are a core driver of sustainability. A sustainable built environment would also require more ambitious and updated building codes in order to limit energy consumption, reduce pollution and protect natural areas. The use of contemporary materials like timber and steel boxes (containers) have taken off all over the world, with ourselves still to catch up to this highly sustainable idea. The construction of steel framed buildings should be examined, as this system offers speed of construction and savings in cost over mere traditional construction methods. However the system must
be designed to resist the high force winds and to be resistant to corrosion. Reusable materials should top the list of construction materials if things are to be turned around. Project supervision and management is another of the facets that N 7 ÂŽ Q - . V resources depleting, it has become of utmost importance to ensure that construction crews limit waste and reuse as much as is possible. Sustainability is focused on eliminating waste, and supervision to ensure little waste is produced, goes a long way in preserving natural resources. It is the role of the engineers when managing a project to educate the client and encourage the use of modern improved construction methods. One area we can look at is the use of premix concrete versus site-mixed concrete. Apart from the fact that premix is cheaper, it also supports a key sustainability principle, water conservation. Premix concrete uses only enough water as required to achieve certain strength. However, on site, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s drastically different. The crew mixing concrete tends to add more water than required to make it easier to mix, this means that water is being wasted at the same time, the strength of the mixture is reduced. WHY STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS SHOULD TAKE THEIR ROLE SERIOUSLY TO ENHANCE SUSTAINABILITY: For a long time, the discussion about sustainability in construction was primarily centred on saving energy. The big issue of today and tomorrow, however, is also on the consumption of resources and the associated CO 2 emissions. Considering that between 80 or 90 percent of the resources are in the shell construction, i.e. in the foundation, supports, walls, etc., the structural engineers is presented with many options for working in terms of sustainability. 4 N 7 ÂŽ necessary knowledge and appropriate advice. ISSUE 36
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engineersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; profile
Recently we visited a site just to have a look at the reinforcement steel that had gone into the building.
Figure 2: Embodied carbon on a typical insitu reinforced concrete block
Upon inspection, and later, calculations, we concluded that the building ÂŽ I N / Q structural engineering terms, is when the structural designer provides more steel than really is necessary. The building does not collapse; itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s like using a Toyota Hilux D4D to carry a 2 litre Water container for a distance of 2m. It works, but itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s unnecessarily expensive. This, unfortunately happens when clients select an incompetent N " ÂŽ Q they will put more steel than is required to ensure they are absolved of any structural failure liabilities. In some instances, they want to hurry to the next job, the engineer will put more steel than is required ÂŽ project quicker and move on. Over the years, weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve had a look at many projects that have been designed by fellow engineers, and it is true, that many are overdesigned. Apart from the detrimental environmental effects, clientsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; pockets have suffered unnecessarily. DOES THAT MEAN OUR BUILDINGS ARE SUPER HEAVYWEIGHTS? The majority yes. A few numbers make it clear to us what masses we are talking about when building. Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s take a normal two-story residential building. A concrete deck that is 20 centimetres thick weighs 500 kilograms per square meter. In addition, it is estimated that around 50 percent are used for columns, walls and other components. A normal residential building already weighs several hundred tons. Now think about the enormous effects that it has if we can save a few centimetres per floor or wall. A quick example of lightweight construction that comes to mind is use of ribbed slabs, which is a common method of construction in our neighbouring country, South Africa. This method of doing concrete ÂŽ N 4 ÂŽ N ) N When bricks were made they were initially made without holes, but someone realised that a lot of the weight in bricks was redundant and holes were introduced. The weight reduction of a building built using ÂŽ N 4 Q Q was also successfully applied to steel. Why then do we stick to solid construction elements? Figure 1: Embodied carbon on a typical cross laminated timber (CLT) block The concrete frame option came in with 272 kgC02e/m2 compared to just 87kgC02e/m2 for the CLT frame in terms of embodied carbon.
We did a study on a low rise student accommodation in Mutare to appreciate how much carbon that can be saved. We compared a four storey cross laminated timber (CLT) block with a too often default option â&#x20AC;&#x201C; a concrete framed option with stud partition walls to form living spaces within. When cross laminated timber (CLT) is used, the embodied carbon of low rise student accommodation can be reduced by up to two-thirds when compared to concrete; based on the study we conducted. The reason behind the result is because like all good building materials, the CLT (cross laminated timber) lends itself so beautifully to the application. Where in other schemes additional partition walls are needed (which adds to the carbon), student accommodation is naturally segmented, lending itself perfectly to a CLT (cross laminated timber) frame using the shear walls as partitions. & Q ÂŽ C; minutes, a rating which is easily met by the CLT (cross laminated timber) with simple plasterboard covering on the walls and minimal thickness screed topping on the floor slabs. This screed also serves to dampen any vibrational issues which might arise. The lightness of the timber frame compared to the other solutions also means a less carbon intensive foundation can be used. Where the concrete frame needed a heavier foundation, the lightness of the CLT (cross laminated timber) meant only ground beams were needed â&#x20AC;&#x201C; a saving not only in embodied carbon, but cost as well. By knowing how to design in timber, the use of this material can Q
Q ÂŽ embodied carbon building. IS BUILDING AS LIGHT AS POSSIBLE THE ANSWER OR SOMETIMES ITS WORTH ANOTHER TON? Of course, easy to build is an obvious way to save resources. We ÂŽ of optimization to save materials. In practice, the utilization of components is often only 80 percent, although 100 percent would be acceptable in the truest sense of the word. With simple optimization studies, we could certainly easily achieve material savings of 10-20 percent. Structural engineers could do a lot more educational work here. But of course these studies cost time and money and are not (yet) included in their range of services. Too great caution and ignorance therefore lead to unnecessary material consumption.
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The rise of factory-made and site-assembled buildings is certainly welcome. The precision is much higher. On site, 100mm can easily become 120mm multiply this over 4 floors you have a redundant 80mm of concrete. In a controlled environment it becomes much easier to optimise design. Human error, especially a tired crew on Friday afternoon, is ÂŽ N ! N
OTHER OPTIONS AVAILABLE IN ADDITION TO WEIGHT REDUCTION IN TERMS OF RESOURCE CONSERVATION: There is great potential in reuse at the material, component and building level. We must therefore also consider other alternatives and steer them in the right direction. With conventional building materials, for example, steel can be easily recycled. And when it comes to concrete, you can use recycled concrete, because the quality is in no way inferior to normal concrete. With a view to the reuse of components, there are already valuable research approaches that can be made reference to.
1. Rodney Chishakwe is a Director of KCVisart Design Studio, an engineering consultancy keen on designing sustainable buildings. For a further discussion on the topic you can email chishakwer@gmail.com 2. Innocent Mhandu is a sustainable building design consultant with GreenA Sustainability Pte Ltd, a provider of consulting services on N 4 ÂŽ V integral approach in building design. For a further discussion on the topic you can email innocent@greenaconsultants.com or enquiry@greenaconsultants.com
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