English textbook (Ventana-Graf) • Designer Philipp Surov

English 4 profiles : Language arts

Российская академия образования

English 4 Profiles Language arts

Student's guide

10–11

Ventana Graf

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Библиотека Элективных Курсов

Английский язык филологический профиль

English 4 Profiles Language arts Science & IT Business administration Humanities Учебное пособие Student's guide

10–11

для учащихся 10–11 классов общеобразовательных учреждений для поступающих в ВУЗы

Москва Издательский центр ‹Вентана Граф› 2007

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Module One Success comes in cans, not can'ts

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Module One

4

Student's Portfolio Before you start studying the Module, think of the practical work you might do by the end of this Module. Choose some of them for your practical work. After the work is completed, discussed and refined, you can place it into your Student's Portfolio. By the end of this Module you'll have to earn not less than 45 points. You can make even more!

Studying Strategies Section, p. 196 Get more information on the Student's Portfolio.

N°

Portfolio Items

1

Personal Essay ‘What is Gonna Make My Living?’

2

Short description

Points

In this work you will explain your idea of a good job to satisfy your needs.

10

Personal Essay ‘Aims in my life’

In this work you will explain your vision of your future (your family, your job, the place you are going to live in for a certain period of time).

10

3

My Perspectives Matrix

This Portfolio item is a kind of a plan for your Personal Essay ‘Aims in My Life’.

5

4

Presentation of the University (written text, report)

Why have you chosen this univer sity? Your presentation should be argumentative and persuasive.

15

5

Presentation of the University (film)

Explore the university you are going to study at and present it to your classmates.

20

6

Survey ‘Top 10 Future Jobs’

Rating of the most popular jobs in Russia on the basis of your ques tions. Ability to foresee the future situation will help you choose the right way in a modern competitive labour market.

10

7

Comics

Description of different situations in words and pictures. This Portfolio item combines your cre ativity and language competency.

5

8

Personal Resource Pack

Personal Resource Pack A wide range list of different sources of information (Internet sites and printed material).

5

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Unit 2

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Module One

13 Presentation. One member of the family makes a speech to present the results of the family meeting to the whole class.

Studying Strategies Section, p. 236 You can find here some useful tips for making an oral presentation.

On your own

Portfolio | Comics ‘Choosing a Profession’ 1 Choose a situation for comics.

2 Think of the main characters.

3 Choose words and expressions appropriate to make up a dialogue on the

situation.

4 Draw some pictures with speech bubbles. Fill in the bubbles with replies.

Internet A Toastmasters Club can provide the experience you need. http://www.toastmasters.org/tips.htm Studying Strategies Section, p. 212 Some useful tips on using Internet.

Unit 2 Money spent on brain is never spent in vain Read the title of Unit 2 and explain how you understand it.

Warm up Reading Pre reading

1 Split into groups and work out the criteria of a good university. Write them down.

While reading

2 You are going to read the text about choosing a university. Choose the most suitable heading from the list (a–g) for each part (1–6) of the article.

(There is an example at the beginning (0). a b c d

Selection Factors Approach to Technology Cost Field of Study 0

a

e Quality f Availability of Financial Aid g Ease of Admission

Selecting a university or a college for fur ther education is a challenging task.

Although so much variety can be offered, it has a positive side as well. With so many institutions to choose from, it is almost always possible to find one or more institu tions that meet your academic and finan

Glossary Scholarship > стипендия To meet your needs > отвечать запросам Authorization > разрешение

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Unit 2

cial needs and offer an environment in which you will be comfortable. Do not leave this important decision to a friend or a relative, or choose only from the most famous institutions. There may be other institutions more appropriate to your goals and requirements. Once you have located a suitable group of institutions that offer your field of study, compare them system atically. Look at the differences: • • • • • •

Your chosen field of study Quality Ease of admission Cost Availability of financial aid Approach to technology

25 Glossary Applied field > прикладная сфера Field of study > область изучения Ease of admission > легкость поступления Accreditation > аккредитация Availability of financial aid > возможность финансовой помощи Approach to technology > применимость технологий Challenging > испытывающий

1

Not all institutions offer your field of study. To find institutions that do offer the program you are considering, consult books that cross refer ence institutions by field of study.

2

The first step is to define your academic and career goals. Find insti tutions whose goals and offers most closely meet your needs.

A second step is to check whether or not institutions are accredited by official organizations.

It is important to distinguish between accreditation and state authorization. State authorization or ‘state approval’ may not involve regulation of quality at all.

In the final analysis, finding the ‘best’ institutions means finding the institutions that best meet your individual needs and interests.

3

Compare your academic record and test scores with published admis sion standards of the institutions you are considering. If you are inter ested in very competitive institutions, apply to them, but also select a few less competitive institutions as the second choice.

4

Institutions vary widely not only with respect to tuition charges, but in cost of living as well. In comparing costs, remember to use the ‘total’ cost rather than ‘published’ figures based on adding tuition, room and board, books and fees.

3 What are the differences among your criteria and those given in the text? What would you add to your own list of criteria?

4 Report to the class. Arrange the selection factors for choosing a uni versity from the most important to the least important ones.

Post reading

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Language Training

28

Module Two

3 You are going to read an article. Six sentences have been removed from the text. Choose from the sentences (a–g) the one which fits each gap (12–16). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0). a Because of this cotton T shirts are not a particularly good idea. b But each year, hundreds of people get into trouble and the reason is always the same. c Everybody knows what it means. d He repeated this until he reached the village. e How had he managed to get down off the mountain? f If you visit almost any town in Britain, you will be struck by the number of shops selling outdoor equipment. g The greatest threat to your survival comes from hypothermia.

How to Survive the Cold 0 | f . It seems that the popularity of outdoor sports is growing. Britons are taking to the hills in increasing numbers in their free time, perhaps influ enced by the growing interest in the environment. The fact that there are more and more of these shops is evidence of this trend. Going for a walk in the mountains of Scotland may seem a safe and a gentle way to spend your time (the highest peak is just over 1300 m) 12 | .

Some time this winter, you can be sure that you will see it on The News: ‘Hope is fading for a missing climber’. 13 | . Somewhere, in some frozen corner of Scotland, a mountain rescue team is looking for someone — and they know, the chances for successful outcome are reduced, it's already too late. . He celebrated his arrival in British style with a hot cup of tea.

14 | But his story is unusual.

4 You are going to read some texts connected with entertainment. For questions (17–24) choose from the texts (a–d). Some of the texts may be cho sen more than once. When more than one answer it required, these may be given in any order. There is an example at the beginning (0).

Which text comes from: 0

b

a computer magazine?

17

a book review?

18

an encyclopedia?

Which text's main purpose is to: 19

educate the reader?

20

persuade the reader to buy something?

21

tell a story to the reader?

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Language Training

27

d The college has grown from 9 students into a university with more than 18,000 degree candidates. e This university is situated in the North Carolina.

Harvard University

Oxford University

Miami University

Washington University

Language Training Cambridge Exam Portfolio | Final Test After practising the tasks of this Module you have got experience in doing the tasks in the format of the Cambridge Exam. Try yourself again.

2 You are going to read a newspaper article about a house with ghosts. For questions (7–12), choose the answer (a, b, c or d) which you think fits best according to the text.

London is famous for its ghosts, with thousands of reported sightings over the centuries. The paranormal is not choosy where it shows itself — the atres, pubs, churchyards, commercial buildings, council houses, even the Vine Street Police Station, public toilets and the underground. Clive Seymour is an investigator with The Association for the Scientific Study of Anomalous Phenomena (ASSAP). He says: ‘People claiming to have paranormal experi ences are far more numerous than anyone would think. Most of them are level headed reasonable types’.

‘Some people’, says Tom Perrott, ‘are naturally psychically sensitive, though they may not realize it. Others are not’.

7

Where, according to the article, do paranormal experiences take place? a b c d

8

In places connected with death In historical places In lonely places In all sorts of places

Clive Seymour thinks that the majority of people who have paranormal experiences are… a Imaginative b Sensible c Mentally disturbed

Reading

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Language Training

30

Module Two

Which speaker a felt rebellious? b used to be very idealistic? c looked up to his\her parents?

Use of English

d remembered arguments at home? e wasn't interested in doing anything? f loved rock'n'roll?

11

Speaker 1

14

Speaker 4

12

Speaker 2

15

Speaker 5

13

Speaker 3

9 For questions (1–10) read the text below and decide which word (a, b, c or d) fits each space the best. There is an example at the beginning (0).

An Elephant Diet What does an elephant eat on a 0 | c day? Layang Layang, an ele phant at the London zoo, had a good 1 | . Her keeper describes what she ate yesterday: ‘Breakfast 2 | of a kilo of dog biscuits mixed with 750 g of dried horse food with extra vitamins, hay, bread, bananas, oranges, potatoes, carrots and cabbage’. Zoo food is always of a high standard!

During the morning the daily 3 | of branches is delivered. Layang Layang is particularly 4 | of cherry and apple, so she was given four big bundles. c

a common

b general

c typical

d usual

1

a appetite

b greed

c hunger

d taste

2

a consisted

b contained

c formed

d included

3

a amount

b quantity

c supply

d total

4

a enthusiastic b fond

c interested

d keen

0

10 For questions (11–20), read the text below and think of the word which fits space the best. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your word in the answer boxes provided.

A Famous Cookery Writer Isabella Beeton, who 0 | was born in London in 1836, the most famous British woman cookery writer. She was well educated and finished education in Heidelberg, 12 | she learnt French 11 | and German.

In 1886 she married Sam Beeton, a young publisher, and the following year 13 | contributing a ‘Domestic Magazine’.

0 11

was

12 13

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Language Training

31

11 For questions (21–25) complete the second sentence so that it has a sim ilar meaning to the first sentence. Use the word given and other words (between two and five words) to complete each sentence. Do not change the words given. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write only the missing words in the answer boxes provided.

0

You must do exactly what the manager tells you. carry | You must instructions exactly. carry out the manager's

21

Richard seldom fell ill when he was a child. hardly | Richard was his childhood.

22

Why don't you stay in bed for a few days?

I | If I

in bed for a few days.

12 For questions (26–40) read the text below and look carefully at each line. Some of the lines are correct and some have a word which should not be there. If a line is correct, put a tick ( ) by the number in the answer boxes pro vided. If a line has a word which should not be there, write the word in the answer boxes. There are two examples at the beginning (0 and 00).

My Favourite Place to Eat 0 | 00 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |

of

Around the city of Vienna are a few hundred of Heurigen or wine taverns. Many are on the edge of the Vienna woods at Grinzing.

Avoid these unless you do not mind in spending the evening with coachloads of another tourists and sad looking musicians with accordions. Viennese people would rather go to taverns which are further away, but at which you can rely on getting refreshing wine and one simple but delicious food. My favourite is Sirbu, set in

18 Read this advertisement in your local newspaper for a summer job and write a letter of application (120–180 words). It should include information why you think such a project is important and your suitability for the job.

Relate to the notes next to the advertisement in your letter and any other ques tions you may have.

Background Information When you write a Letter of Application you describe your personal qualities and indicate your work experience needed for the job.

Writing

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Unit 1

32

Module Three

Exciting summer job!!!

Young handymen / women indeed!

Join our neighbourhood decoration project.

We are looking for responsible, creative young people to help us brighten up our neighbourhood.

No previous experience required. Should enjoy being part of a team and be willing to work outdoors.

Apply in writing with CV to Neighbourhood Project Coordinator Notes: • • • • Listening Pre listening

What will I have to do?

What are the working hours?

What is the pay?

Could I come for a personal interview?

8 One and the same thing can be translated in different ways. Read the following Russian phrases and give your English versions.

Russian phrases

While listening

1

немного нервничали

2

совершенно другое

5

стыдился своих ранних переводов

6

другое культурное окружение

7

устанавливает связи между двумя культурами

Tape version

9a You will hear the student talking about meeting with a translator Grigory Kruzhkov. Listen and complete the table above with the phrases you hear from the tape.

9b

Post listening

Your version

Listen again and check yourself.

10 Agree or disagree with the following statements and explain your opinion. The following expressions will help you:

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Module Two Practice makes perfect

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Module Three To be or not to be a translator?

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Self study Section

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Self study

Module One Unit

1

Ex. 1

237

| Success Comes in Cans, Not Can'ts

| What is gonna make your living? Choosing a profession Match the new words with their definitions.

1

labour market

7

provide

2

required

8

valuable investment

3

manufacturing

9

applicant

4

Bachelor degree

10

current

5

manufacturing

11

applicant

6

Bachelor degree

12

current

a Someone who has formally asked, usually in writing, for a job, university place, etc. b Easy to notice or understand. c The number of jobs that are available. d To produce a useful result, opportunity, etc. e To be able to do smth. without causing serious problems for yourself. f Needed, officially demanded that people do smth. g Money that you receive as payment from the organization you work for, usually paid every month or week.

Ex. 3 Here's a list of adjectives describing qualities certain professions need. Read the sentences and fill in the correct adjective. persuasive | brave | creative | patient | intelligent | polite | accurate | fair | friendly 1 Salespeople need to be

to get people to buy their products.

2 A scientist has to be

in order to understand complex theories.

3 Receptionists should be

in order to make people feel welcome.

4 Surgeons must be very

as they should not make mistakes in their work.

5 A shop assistant has to be

even when dealing with a rude customer.

6 Lifeguards have to be

as they often find themselves in dangerous situations.

7 Teachers need to be very

as students sometimes take a long time to learn things.

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Module Two

238

Self study

8 Judges should be

and give all the evidence equal consideration.

9 Fashion designers should be very

so that they can come up with new designs.

Module Two Unit

1

| Practice makes perfect

| The Reading paper. Cambridge Exam practice

Ex. 9 For questions (50–59), read the text below. Use the word given in the second column to form a word that fits in the space line. There is an exam ple at the beginning (0). Write your words in the answer boxes provided.

Comfort and Safety We at AB airlines want to ensure that your 0 | fly flight is both and safe. As space on the plane is 50 | comfort limited, we would appreciate it if you 51 | relative could store your 52 | belong in the overhead compartments. We would also like to point 53 | store out that airline 54 | regulate forbid smoking at any time during the journey. Please do not smoke in toilets, which are fitted with smoke 56 | detect .

55 | sense So sit back relax and enjoy your trip.

Unit

3

| Writing

Ex. 10 You are going to stay with an English family while you are study ing in England. The school where you will be studying has sent you some infor mation about the family, but there are a few other things.

Dear Tony Tost, I would like you to know that it is with extreme restraint that I am writing this letter, and wish you no more ill will than you have unwittingly shown me.

You do not know me, as I proved to be nothing more to you than a 1 wrongly addressed letter to be discarded and thought of no more. It is with this resignation that I accuse you. I accuse you, false Tony Tost, of unfairly making me believe in you.

0

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Studying Strategies Section

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Studying Strategies

Part 1 Developing sub skills 1

Student's Portfolio

1 You can choose whatever you want or think you might need in your future.

2 Each work has its value — the points you can get having fulfiled it.

3 Oral presentation of your work can give you 5 additional points. You

should choose at least one Portfolio item for oral presentation.

3

Public Speaking

Know the room • Be familiar with the place in which you will speak.

• Arrive early, walk around the speaking area and practise using the micro phone and any visual aids.

Know the audience • Greet some of the audience as they arrive.

• It's easier to speak to a group of friends than to a group of strangers.

• Greet some of the audience as they arrive.

4

Cooperative or collaborative learning (Group work)

Cooperative or collaborative learning is a team process where members sup port and rely on each other to achieve an agreed upon goal. The classroom is an excellent place to develop team building skills you will need later in life.

Cooperative/collaborative learning is interactive.

As a team member you: • develop and share a common goal; • respond to, and work to understand others' questions, insights and solu tions; each member empowers others to speak and contribute, and to con sider their contributions; What makes for a good learning team?

• Team activities begin with training in, and understanding of group process es. An instructor begins by facilitating discussion and suggesting alterna tives but does not impose solutions on the team, especially those having dif ficulty working together.

• Three to five people. Larger teams have difficulty in keeping everyone involved.

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Studying Strategies

• Diverse skill levels, backgrounds, experience. > Each individual brings strengths to a group. > Each member of the group is responsible to not only contribute his/her strengths, but also to help others understand the source. > Any member who is at a disadvantage or not comfortable with the major ity should be encouraged and proactively empowered to contribute.

• Commitment of each member to a goal that is defined and understood by the group. > Confidential peer ratings are a good way to assess who is and who is not contributing. > Groups have the right to reject a non cooperative or non participating member if all remedies have failed (the rejected person then has to find another group to accept him/her).

Part 2 Developing speaking skills Giving a presentation

Emphasizing

First of all, …

What we really need are ...

I'd like to begin by …

That proves my point.

Secondly, …

What's more …

Then, …

I'd like to move on to …

Clarifying a point

Not forgetting the matter of …

What I really mean is, …

Before we go any further, let's look at …

What I'm trying to say is, …

Last but not least there is …

My point is that …

The point I'm trying to make is…

To summarize …

Changing your mind Expressing disagreement I totally disagree with …

He's/she's/ we've changed his/her/our mind about …

That's not how I see it.

I've come round to the idea.

That's utter rubbish!

On second thought, I'm not sure about

I don't agree.

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Writing Pack Section

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Writing pack

my old clock was broken when my suitcase was dropped by the airline. I bought a bicycle on Sunday. It's ?120 and black colour and very nice but I rode it only one day because it was stolen on Sunday. I don't know why English shops close on Sundays. Japanese shops don't understand and impossible.

Abcdefghijklmn Старый дождевик (cлова Л. Коэна, перевод С.Таска — И. Набоких) Джейн проснулась чуть свет, Шлет привет. Ну что же сказать тебе, брат мой, палач мой, Что мне напоследок сказать? Пожалуй скучаю, пожалуй прощаю, Все к лучшему, видно, как знать. Если вдруг к тебе в голову мысль заглянуть к нам придет, Ты увидишь — соперник твой спит и тебя его женщина ждет. Да. Ты знаешь, Джейн до сих пор носит твой медальон. Ту ночь напоминает он ей, когда ты решил сжечь мосты. Доволен ли ты?

1 I am (version 2)

I am Rain, Music, Challenge I love spring and incredible people Wisdom, Courage and Selflessness are important to me And I see much tolerance in myself All people dream of impossible things 2 Diamonte

Love Joyful, Fragile Rocks, Inspires, Ensures Kiss, Hug, Shout, Ignore Shocks, Kills, Doubts Silent, Lonely Hate.

247

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Writing pack

246

Sample report on a survey Sport Survey 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Who do you think is the greatest athlete in the world of sports today?

Who do you think was the greatest athlete of the 20th century?

Who is your favourite sports star?

What's your favourite sport to play?

What is your favourite sport to watch?

How much of the 2002 World Cup did you watch?

Which do you think is more exciting to watch, men's football or women's football?

This survey was carried out on 1000 people in the United States. Thirty per cent of the Americans asked said that they thought Tiger Woods was the greatest athlete active in the world of sports today. This was by far the most popular answer. The next answer only polled 4% of the total vote.

Fast writing Technique Sample Literature Is a Hobby, not a Profession Literature doesn't make for a real profession. It doesn't bring you (постоян ный доход) if you are not on the staff of some newspaper or magazine or if you didn't sign a contract with some publishing house. Literary works which are of interest to readers are created by inspiration. It doesn't depend on a dead line fixed by your boss. A writer may create a masterpiece once in his life time; most of them may never do it. A hobby is what you enjoy doing and if writing helps you relax and (снять) stress never give it up.

Rewriting an essay Teacher's Response Dear Mitsuo, I am interested to learn that you think leather goods and food are cheap in England. Are they cheaper than in Japan? Can you give examples of the dif ferences in price?

I am not surprised that you find it necessary to buy a blanket (not a sheet — sheets are made of cotton and are not warm) for cold weather.

Final Draft I like shopping in England. Because both leather and food are very inexpen sive. But maybe this is only the Japanese perspective. For instance, for leather jacket of the same quality, the Japanese price is about ?500, but the English price is about ?100. What a difference!

I have been to shopping for three days. I want to buy a bedding because my room is very cold in the morning. Next I want to buy a new clock because

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Tapescripts

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Tape Scripts

Module One Unit

1

|

| Success Comes in Cans, Not Can'ts

7

I wasn't doing very well at school. First, I failed my exams. I should have passed them quite easily; but I hadn't worked hard enough. My father was n't very pleased about that. And then I got into trouble at school. I wanted to take a few days off, so I had written a letter saying that I was ill. 1 had signed the letter with my father's name.

Unit

2

|

4

Harvard Established in 1636 by vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, Harvard was named after its first benefactor, John Harvard, of Charlestown, Massachusetts. Upon his death in 1638, the young minister left his library and half his estate to the new College.

Oxford Oxford is a unique and historic institution. As the oldest English speaking university in the world, it lays claim to eight centuries of continuous exis tence. Today there are 39 colleges and six permanent private halls. Of the 39 colleges, Green, Linacre, Nuffield, St Antony's, St Cross, Templeton, and Wolfson admit only graduates, and Kellogg College admits only part time graduates.

Unit

2

|

6

1

— Excuse me, officer. Can you help me?

— Sure.

— Can you tell me how to get to New Oxford Street?

— Tom Johnson, 16 New Oxford Street, London. You should take the number 1 underground.

— Is there a station near here?

— Yes, the station is that way. You should take the Number 1 train to Holland Park.

— Number 1 train to Holland Park. Thank you.

— Good luck. Remember the Number 1 train. The uptown platform.

— Thank you.

2

— Is this yellow too bright for me?

— Aha, it is a very bright pink. Try this. It's size 10.

— But I wear size 12.

— How about green? It's size 12.

249

English 4 profiles : Language arts

Российская академия образования

English 4 Profiles Language arts

Student's guide

10–11

Ventana Graf