श्रमिक २०७७-५-१६ बर्ष २७ अंक ३३

æg]dlskfsf g]tf–sfos{ tfn{ fO{ o'4aGbLh:tf] b'Jo{jxf/ ul/ofÆ] sf7df8f} “ . g] k fn qmflGtsf/L ljBfyL{ ;ª\3 s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf /fHo:t/af6 /lrt ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ ljifos k| j rg sfo{ q md cgnfOg h'ddfkm{t ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . g] k fn dhb' / ls;fg kf6L{sf cWoIf gf/fo0fdfg lah'S5]“ -/f] l xt_ n] ‘eQmk' / sf08’df k~rfotn] of]hgfa4 tl/sfn] if8\oGq /r]sf] atfpg'xb“' } ;/hldg PstkmL{ ug'{ / lhNnf cbfntdf d'2f gu/L ljz]if cbfntdf ul/g' ;+ljwfg / P]gsfg'gljk/Lt ePsf] atfpg'eof] . k~rfotn] g]dlskfsf g]tf– sfo{stf{x¿nfO{ o'4aGbLsf] h:tf]

b'Jo{jxf/ u/]sf] pNn]v ug'{x'“b} pxf“ n ] tTsfnLg k| d , dGqLnufotsf pRrkb:yx¿n] g} h'n;' df ‘/f]lxtnfO{ kmf“;L b]’ gf/f nufpg' lgGbgLo ePsf] atfpg''eof] . pxf“n] g]dlskfn] b]z / hgtfsf] lgM:jfy{ ;]jf u/]sf] sf/0f To;nfO{ /f]Sg] p2]Zon] if8\oGq ul/Psf] atfpg' x ' “ b } sDo' l g:6 kf6L{lj?4sf if8\oGq a]nfot, k| m fG;, ?;, hd{ g L, cd]l/sfnufotsf b]zx¿df klg ePsf] k|:6\ofpg'eof] . cWoIf lah'S5]“n] ljb]zL hf;'; / k~rx¿ g]kfnsf k|dv ' bnx¿df ePsf] sf/0f g} zf;s

bnx¿n] b]z / hgtfsf] ;'/Iff / ;]jf ug{ g;Sg] cf}“Nofpg'eof] . ljb]zLsf] ;xof]udf geO{ hgtfsf] ;xof]udf qmflGt ug{k' g{] cfjZostf cf}“Nofpg'x'“b} cWoIf lah'S5]n“ ] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{n] g]kfndf u/]sf] pkb|jn] g/fd|f] kl/0ffd Nofpg] atfpg'eof] . ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbn] g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}ldstfdf cfqmd0f ul//x] s f] cj:yfdf cd] l /sL ;fd|fHojfbn] blIf0f Pl;ofdf o'4 yf]Kg NofPsf] Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf kfl/t eP b]zsf] cj:yf uDeL/ x'g] rrf{ ug'x{ b“' } cWoIf lah'S5]n“ ] eGg'eof], æef/tn] xfd|f] v'6\6f af“sL k[i7 !@ df

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æsd{rf/L – ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ ljleGg /fhgLlts ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ M /fHoåf/f ljrf/wf/faf/] lzlIft agfpg' cfjZos 5Æ /lrt Ps c;kmn if8\oGq eQmk' / . g] k fn dhb' / ls;fg kf6L{nfO{ ;d"n gi6 ug{ tTsfnLg k~rfotL Joj:yfn] @)$% ;fn ebf}df /r]sf] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] eT;{gf ug{ g]kfn qmflGtsf/L dlxnf ;ª\3 eQmk'/ lhNnf ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf ebf} ( ut] cgnfOg k|jrg sfo{qmd eof] . sf] l e8–!( dxfdf/L km} l n/x] s f] cj:yfdf hf/L lgif]wf1fsf lgod kfngf ub}{ cgnfOg dfWodaf6 ;f] sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . cgnfOg sfo{qmddf b]zsf ljleGg lhNnfsf ;fy} ljb]zdf /x]sf g]kfnL klg ;xefuL lyP . sfo{qmddf g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{sf cWoIf gf/fo0fdfg lah'S5]n“ ] @)$% ;fnsf] sf08df dlxnfx¿n] k~rfotL ;/sf/n] lbPsf] b'Mvsf ;fy} c1fgtfsf] sf/0f klg yk b'Mv ;fdgf ug'{k/]sf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“ n ] ljutaf6 l;s] / clxn]sf] gof“ k':tfnfO{ ljBfnod} ljleGg ljifosf] hfgsf/L lbg'kg]{ / To;sf] lglDt lzIfsx¿ cu|;/ x'gk' g]d{ f hf]8 lbg'eof] . cWoIf lah'S5]“n] @)$% ;fnsf] sf08df g]dlskfsf g]tf, sfo{stf{ / ;dy{sx¿nfO{ /fHon] k/flht b]zsf hgtfnfO{ h:t} x]nfxf]rf] / ckdfg u/]sf] :d/0f ug'x{ b“ ' } k|x/Ln] ;j{ ; fwf/0fnfO{ ckdfg ug' { sfg'gljk/Lt ePsf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] eGg'eof], æefiffnfO{ xltof/sf] ¿kdf k|of]u ug'{ unt xf] .Æ cWoIf lah' S 5] “ n ] ;+ / f cd]l/sfdf h:tf] hftLo lje]b / x]nfxf]rf] g]kfndf klg cg'ej ug]x{ ¿ ePsf] atfpg'xb“' } ;/sf/L sd{rf/L / ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] g]kfnL efiffsf] cltl/Qm g]kfndf af]lng] csf]{ Pp6f efiff klg l;Sg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . æTo;f] ubf{ ;/sf/L sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ hgtfn] ;xh} :jLsfg]5 { g\Æ, pxf“n] eGg'eof] . cWoIf lah' S 5] “ n ] ;] g f, sd{ r f/L, u' K tr/ ljefu / ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ ljleGg /fhgLlts ljrf/wf/faf/] lzlIft agfpg] sfdnfO{ rfn' /fVg'kg]d{ f hf]8 lbg'xb“' } pgLx¿ zf;s bnsf] rfs8Ldf dfq xf]Og, ;+ljwfg / P]g – sfg'gcg';f/ hgtfsf] ;]jfdf ;lqmotfk"j{s nfUg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . g]kfn qmflGtsf/L dlxnf ;ª\3sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf cg'/fwf yfkfdu/n] g]dlskfn] n]lggjfbL l;4fGtcg';f/ k~rfotL r'gfjsf] pkof]u u/L hgtfsf] ;]jf u/]sf],] e|i6frf/sf] lj/f]w u/]sf], ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb / cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] lj/f]w u/]sf] l/;df k~rx¿n] g]dlskfnfO{ ;d"n gi6 ug{ ‘eQmk'/ sf08’sf] if8\ o Gq /r] s f] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] cf}krfl/s lzIff gePsf dlxnfx¿n] k| l ts" n

kl/l:yltdf klg ;ª\3if{sf] d}bfgdf w]/} s'/f l;s]sf] rrf{ ug'{x'“b} dlxnfx¿ /fhgLlts¿kdf ;r]t / ;·l7t x'gk' g]d{ f hf]8 lbg'eof] . pxf“n] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’sf] ;dodf g]dlskfsf] ;·7g hxf“ – hxf“ lyof], ToxL“ – ToxL“ bdg ePsf] x'gfn] ;f] sf08 zf]liftju{sf] k| l tlglwTj ug] { /fhgLlts ljrf/wf/fdflysf] bdg ePsf] atfpg'eof] . ;ª\3sf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf sdnd}of“ ;'jfnn] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ h:tf] bdgsf/L 36gf km]l/ km]l/ klg bf]xf]l/g ;lsg] ePsf]n] cfufdL lbgdf sfdbf/ hgtf ;hu x'gk' g]{

;ª\3if{n] w]/} s'/f l;sfPsf] / kf6L{k|ltsf] ljZjf; cem uf9f agfPsf] atfpg'eof] . csf{ e'Qmef]uL s[i0fdfof njh"n] lj/f]wLn] 3/–kl/jf/nfO{ ql;t agfpg cg]s em"6f k|rf/ u/]sf] :d/0f ug'x{ b“' } /fhgLlts 1fg / n]vk9 ghfGbf w]/} ;d:of ef]Ug'k/]sf] cg'ej ;'gfpg'eof] . g]kfn qmflGtsf/L dlxnf ;ª\3 kf“rf“} eQmk'/ lhNnf ;Dd]ng tof/L ;ldltsf ;+of]hs ;[hgf ;} “ h " s f] ;efkltTjdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ;/:jtL l;ª\Vjfn, b]ljsf bg]v," uª\uf j}B / Plngf tfd|fsf/n] klg af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] .

ljleGg lhNnfdf ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] eT;{gf atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] ju{ zq'kl| tsf] 3[ 0 ff / abnfsf] efjgfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg'kg]d{ f hf]8 lbg'eof] . ;ª\3sf s]Gb|Lo sf]iffWoIf zf]ef k|wfgn] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ n] dgdf slxNo} la;{g g;lsg] 3fp 5f]8/] uPklg Tolta]nfsf] ;ª\3if{af6 w]/} s'/f l;Sg] cj;/ k|fKt ePsf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“ n ] lxhf] b' M v lbg] k~rx¿ g} cfh sfª\u;]| , Pdfn] / dfcf]jfbL eP/ zf;gsf] j/k/ 3'Db} u/]sf] b]Vbf k|hftGq / u0ftGq hgtfsf] lglDt cfOg;s]sf] cg'ej x'g] atfpg'eof] . g] d lskf eQmk' / lhNnf ;ldltsf ;b:o gf/fo0faxfb'/ b'jfnn] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] ;dodf e"ldut hLjgsf] cg'ej ;'gfpg'xb“' } ;ª\s6sf] a]nfdf g} zq' / ldqsf] klxrfg x'g] atfpg'eof] . g]kfn qmflGtsf/L dlxnf ;ª\3sf sfo{stf{ zf]efnIdL uf];fO{n] k~rfot ;/sf/n] h]ndf k/]sfnfO{ zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s tgfj lbPh:t} aflx/ /x]sf kl/jf/nfO{ klg slxNo} la;{g g;lsg] dfgl;s rf]6 lbPsf] atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf e'Qmef]uL gf/fo0fb]jL ;'jfnn] g]dlskf ;d"n gi6 xf];\ egL sfdgf ug]{ dflg; / /fhgLlts bnsf] clxn] klg s'g} sdL gePsf] atfpg'eof] . csf{ e'Qmef]uL /fh]Zj/L k|hfkltn] ;ª\3if{ g} hgtfsf] kf7zfnf ePsf]n] Tolta]nfsf]

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æ/fhgLlts / ;f+:s[lts kl/kSjtf gePsfx¿ cfkm\gf] JolQmut :jfy{df clnsltdfq gf]S;fg b]Vg]lalQs} ju{zq';“u cfTd;dk{0f u5{g\ . ;f+:s[lts :t/ gp7]sfx¿ hgcfGbf]ngdf cfkm\gf] hLjg alnbfg ug{] ;lxbx¿ ;d]tn] hLjg v]/ kmfn]sf] 7fG5g\ .Æ g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{sf ;lrj Pjd\ k|ltlglw;ef ;b:o k|d] ;'jfnn] kf6L{sf] sfe|] lhNnf ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] @)$% ;fn ebf} ( ut] k~rfotL /fHo:t/åf/f kf6L{lj?4 /lrPsf] if8\oGq ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] j]lagf/dfk{mt lj/f]w Pjd\ eT;gf{ sfo{qmddf pQm egfO /fVg'ePsf] xf] . ;lrj ;' j fnn] :ki6 kfg'e{ of]– æg]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{ JolQmxTofdf ljZjf; ub}g{ . dfS;{jfb JolQmxTof xf]Og . kf6L{sf cWoIf gf/fo0fdfg lah'S5“] -/f]lxt_ nufot g] t f–sfo{ s tfx¿nfO{ x\of]hd" fk{mt ‘e"sDk kLl8t’ nfO{ s'kg ljt/0f u/fOPsf] ljifo yfxf 5}g . k~rfotL u'08fx¿n] g} x\of]hn" fO{ ;fª\3flts xdnf u/]sf / c:ktfn k'¥ofPsf t/ pkrf/ gu/L xTof u/]sf x'g\ . k~rfotn] x\of]hn" fO{ ‘anLsf] af]sf’ agfO{ xfd|f] kf6L{lj?4 b]zel/ bdg u/]sf] xf] . o;sf/0f ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ k~rfotL /fHo:t/sf] if8\oGq g} xf] .Æ k~rfotsf hfnL km6fxfx¿n] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] if8\oGqnuQ} ebf} ( ut] /flt g}

kf6L{sf g]tf sfo{stf{x¿sf] 3/ b]vfO{ k|x/Låf/f kqmfp ug{ nufPsf] pNn]v ug'x{ b“' } ;lrj ;'jfnn] tL hfnL km6fxfx¿ clxn] kfn}kfnf] ;/sf/df uPsf g]sf, Pdfn], dfcf]jfbLleq 3';/] if8\oGqsf] gof“ tfgfafgf a'lg/x]sf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] kf6L{sf sfo{stf{x¿ ljz]ifu/L dlxnf lbbLalxgLx¿n] k~rfotL /fHo:t/sf] bdg, w/ks8, 3/ tf]8kmf]8, k|x/L 3]/fdf ;h{ldg / k|x/L nf7Lrfh{, k|x/L vf]/leq g]tf / sfo{stf{dfly oftgf cflbsf] k|lt/f]w ug{ /ftel/ 6f]n6f]ndf aflx/} ;' T g] , d;fn h' n ' ; nufot ultljlwdfkm{t k|x/L bdgsf] k|lt/f]w ub}{ kL8fnfO{ zlQmdf abNg] sfd ug'e{ Psf] pNn]v ug'e{ of] . ;lrj ;'jfnn] sltko ljBfnosf d08n] lzIfsx¿lj?4 ljBfyL{x¿sf] sIff alxisf/ cfGbf]ng;d]t ePsf] atfpg'eof] . k~rfotL ;/sf/sf] g]dlskfdfly ePsf] bdgsf] lj/f]wdf jl/i7 sfg'gljb\, dfgjclwsf/jfbL, kqsf/, ;dfh;]jL, k|fWofks, lzIfs Psh'6 eP/ p7\ge' Psf] / pxf“x¿ ;a}kl| t kf6L{ s[t1 ePsf] klg pNn]v ug'{eof] . g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ps]z sjf+n] e"sDksf] sf/0f kLl8t hgtfnfO{ /fxt ljt/0f gu/L s'g} Iflt gePsfx¿nfO{ /fxt ljt/0f ul/Psf]n] clk|o 36gf ePsf] atfpg'eof] . hgtfn] x' n af6 arfP/ k|x/Lsf] Eofgdf k'¥ofPsf x\of]hs " f] k~rfotL zf;s / k|zf;gsf] 3]/fdf d[To' x'g' if8\oGq g} ePsf] ljrf/ pxf“n] JoQm ug'e{ of] . g]dlskf sfe|]sf cWoIf s[i0fs'df/ j}Bsf] ;efkltTjdf ePsf] pQm sfo{qmddf g]dlskfsf j}slNks s]Gb|Lo ;b:o gf/fo0faxfb'/ b'jfn, csf{ j} s lNks s] G b| L o ;b:o s[i0faxfb'/ tfdfª, lzlIfsf ;Ltf k|hfklt, 8f=xl/k|;fb dfgGw/, lq/Tg dfgGw/, nIdL/fd Gx'5]k|wfg, cf]dk|;fb dfgGw/ / tf/f Gof}kfg]n] klg af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] . sf7df8f} “ æ@)$% ebf} ( ut] k~rfotL /fHo:t/af6 /lrPsf] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ k~rfotL if8\oGq xf] . ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ s} sf/0f k~rfotL Joj:yfsf] cGTo ePsf] xf] .Æ pQm ljrf/ kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;'lgn k|hfkltn] g]dlskf sf7df8f} “ lhNnf ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf d·naf/ ePsf] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] eT;{gf sfo{qmddf JoQm ug'e{ Psf] xf] . pxf“n] hgtfsf /fhgLlts bnlj?4 k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿n] ug{] ljleGgvfn] if8\oGqsf] lj?4 sfg'gL / u} / sfg' g L ;ª\ 3 if{ ug' { k g] { cfjZostf cf}N“ ofpg'eof] . jl/i7 jlsn, /fhgLlt1, dfgj clwsf/jfbLx¿n] k~rfotL af“sL k[i7 !@ df

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‘zq'sf] s'g} klg pkfoåf/f gi6 ug'{ ;j{yf gLlt;Ddt x'G5’ k|Voft gLltzf:qL rf0fSosf] egfO xf] of] . pgn] cfkm\gf zq'nfO{ s'g} klg if8\oGq jf 5nsk6 u/L xTof ug'{ zf:q;Ddt x'g] cfkm\gf gLltzf:qdf JofVof u/]sf 5g\ . tTsfnLg k~rfotL Joj:yfsf ;~rfnsx¿ lj/f]wLx¿nfO{ bafpg h:tf];s ' } if8\oGq ug{ kl5 kb}g{ y] . k~rfotL Joj:yfnfO{ lgb{nLo bfaL ul/P klg Tof] k~rx¿sf] Ps bnLo Joj:yf lyof] . k~rx¿n] h:tf];s ' } ck/fw u/]klg k~r vt dfkm x'GYof] eg] k~rfot Ot/x¿n] u/]sf hgkIfLo sfdnfO{ ;d]t ltgLx¿ ck/fw 7fGy] . g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{n] clzlIft dhb'/ – ls;fgnfO{ /fhg}lts¿kdf ;r]t / ;·l7t ub}{ cfkm\gf] xs clwsf/sf] nflu af]Ng l;sfpg', k|ltlqmofjfbL ;ª\3–;+:yfleq uP/ hgtfsf] ;]jf ug]{ gLlt lng' h:tf b]z / hgtfsf] lxtdf u/]sf sfdnfO{ g} tTsfnLg k~rx¿n] ck/fw 7fg] . kf6L{ k|ltalGwt cj:yfdf k~rfotsf] lj/f]wdf ljrf/ k|s6 ug'{nfO{ ;d]t u}/sfg'gL dflgGYof] / ;hfosf] efuL x'g'kYof]{ .

To;a]nf /fhg}lts bnx¿ e"ldut¿kdf ;lqmo lyP . k~rfotsf] lj/f]w ug]{ /fhg}lts sfo{stf{x¿nfO{ ljleGg cleof]u nufO{ b]zsf ljleGg h]ndf aGbL agfOPsf] lyof] . g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{n] lgjf{rgnfO{ hgtfsf] r]tgf:t/ gfKg] Aof/f]ld6/sf] ¿kdf k|of]u ug]{ gLlt lnof] . c¿ a]nfeGbf lgjf{rgsf] a]nf hgtf a9L ;8sdf cfpg] x'b“ f lgjf{rgnfO{ pkof]u ub}{ k~rfotsf] lj/f]w ug]{ / hgtfnfO{ /fhg}lts¿kdf ;r]t kfg]{ cj;/sf] ¿kdf k|of]u u¥of] . k~rfotL Joj:Yffleq} uP/ To;nfO{ sdhf]/ kfg{] kf6L{sf] gLlt lyof] Tof] . zflGtk"0f{ cj:yfdf lgjf{rg alxisf/n] k|lts[ofjfbLx¿nfO{ ;xof]udfq} k'¥ofp“5 eg] k|ltlqmofjfbL ;+:yfleq uP/ hgtfsf] ;]jf ubf{ k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿sf] lgb|f e· x'G5 . To;}n] alxisf/eGbf lgjf{rgdf efu lnP/ hgtfsf] ;]jf ug'{ lgs} r'gf}ltk"0f{ x'G5 . Psflt/ kb / k};fsf] nf]e b]vfP/ kf6L{sf /fd|f – /fd|f sfo{stf{x¿ laufg]{ ;Defjgf x'G5 eg] csf]l{ t/ ljleGg em"6f d'2fdf km;fpg] klg plQs} vt/f x'G5 . ;fdGtjfb / k“h' LjfbnfO{ h/}bl] v pv]Ng lgjf{rgdf efu lng' cfjZos dfq xf]Og ls ckl/xfo{ 5 eGg] xfd|} cg'ejn] b]vfPsf] 5 . cfkm"nfO{ jfdkGyL bfaL ug]{ kf6L{x¿;d]t g]dlskfn] r'gfjnfO{ pkof]u u/]sf]df ‘k~rfotjfbL’, ‘/fhfjfbL’ h:tf cf/f]kx¿ nufp“y] . ' } cf/f]kx¿ nufOP tfklg kf6L{n] n]lggjfbL gLltnfO{ lg/Gt/tf h:tf];s lbO/x\of] . /fli6«o k~rfotdf k~rfot kIfw/x¿ hlt;'s} ePklg g]dlskfsf Ps} ;b:on] klg k~rx¿n] u/]sf hglj/f]wL sfo{sf] e08fkmf]/ uy]{ . g]dlskfn] :yfgLob]lv /fli6«o :t/;Dd efu lnPsf] dfq xf]Og cGo kf6L{x¿nfO{ ;d]t lgjf{rgdf efu lnP/ hgtfsf] ;]jf ug'k{ g]{ af6f] b]vfOlbof] . g]dlskfsf hgk|ltlglwx¿n] eQmk'/ gu/ k~rfotaf6 k|sflzt x'g] dfl;s ‘k~rfot’df dfS;{, n]lgg, :tflng / dfcf]sf hLjgLx¿, dfS;{jfbL ;flxTox¿ k|sflzt uy]{ .

To;}n] k~rx¿ g]dlskfsf hgk|ltlglwx¿nfO{ ‘/ftf k~rx¿’ cyf{t\ k~rsf] cfj/0fdf cfPsf qmflGtsf/Lx¿ eGg] uy]{ . lgjf{rgdf p7\g] x/]s sfo{stf{ ;fj{hlgs x'g] ePsf]n] k~rx¿nfO{ ‘lrGg’ ;lhnf] x'GYof] . To;}n] lgjf{rgdf efu lng] ;fyLx¿ h]ndf hfg tof/ eP/ a:g'kYof]{ . h]n /fhg}lts sfo{stf{sf] csf]{ 3/ eGg] ;f]Rg'kg]{ cj:yf lyof] . h]n hfg' s'g} klg /fhg}lts sfo{stf{sf] lglDt ;fdfGo ljifo lyof] . /fhgLlt ;/n af6f] xf]Og . OlGhlgo/ / cfls{6S] 6n] sf]/s ] f] gS;fcg';f/ cufl8 a9\g] ljifo klg xf]Og . /fhgLltdf ljleGg vfnsf if8\oGq, hfnem]n / 5nsk6 x'g] u5{g\ . k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿n] /Rg] ;a} if8\oGqx¿ ;kmn klg x'b“ g} g\ . To:t} /fHo:t/af6 /lrPsf] t/ c;kmn Ps if8\oGq xf] — ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ . k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿n] @)$% ;fnsf] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ u/]/ sf= /f]lxt;“u} g]dlskfsf] ljrf/nfO{ ;dfKt kfg{ vf]h] . t/, ltgLx¿ ;kmn ePgg\ . JolQm d5{, ljrf/nfO{ s;}n] rfx]/ klg ;dfKt kfg{ ;Sb}g . k~rx¿n] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ df Pp6f uf]nLn] b'Oj{ 6f lzsf/ ug{ vf]h] – klxnf], s0f{ x\of]hs " f] xTof ug'{ . pgL klxn] g]dlskfs} sfo{stf{ lyP . bf];f| ,] x\of]hs " f] xTofdf g]dlskfsf g]tf sfo{stf{nfO{ km;fpg' . g]dlskfnfO{ bafP/ cGo k~rfotlj/f]wLnfO{ klg t;f{pg' k~rx¿sf] leqL p2]Zo lyof] .

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z'qm k' “ h Ljfbsf] 5fof e| i 6frf/ pTkfbgsf ;fwgdfly JolQmsf] k"0f{ clwsf/ /xg' k' “ h Ljfb xf] . k' “ h Ljfbdf k'“hLkltju{sf] xftdf cy{tGq /x]sf] x'G5 . ;/sf/n] agfpg] x/]s P]g sfg'g k'h“ Lkltju{sf] lxtdf x' G 5 . To;} n ] eGg] ul/G5, k' “ h LjfbL ;/sf/ k'h“ Lkltju{sf] ;~rfns ;ldlt xf] . k'“hLjfbn] Jofks sfdbf/ hgtfsf] lxt gug]{ ePsf]n] sfn{ dfS;{n] j}1flgs ;dfhjfbsf] cfjZostf cf}N“ ofpg'ePsf] xf] . ljZjsf w] / } b] z df k'h “ Ljfbdf cfwfl/t cy{tGq 5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)&@ sf] k| : tfjgfdf ;dfhjfbpGd' v n]lvPklg cfh;Ddsf ;/sf/n] k' “ h LjfbL cy{ ahf/nfO{ cª\ u fn] s f 5g\ . g] k fnsf] cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu l5d]sL b] z x¿n] agfOlbPsf pBf] u snsf/vfgf;d] t 3f6fsf] axfgfdf Pskl5 csf] { u/L lghLs/0f ug'{ o;sf] pbfx/0f xf] . of] sfdsf] yfngL g]kfnL sfª\u]|;n] u¥of] eg] k5\ofpg] sfd Pdfn] / dfcf] j fbLn] ul//x] s f 5g\ . pBf] u x¿ lghLs/0f ubf{ 3f6fdf uPsf] axfgfafhL ul/of] . pBf]udf ePsf] e| i 6frf/sf] 5fglag gu/L sld;g vfgs} nflu

;/sf/df g] s kfsf] gLlt g] s f, /fhkf, /fk|kfeGbf km/s 5}g . g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf g]skfnfO{ ‘efOsfª\u]|;’ klg elgG5 . g]sf, /fhkf, /fk|kfx¿ ‘g]skf’ nfO{ v08g ug]{ qmddf n]V5g\ / eG5g\– ædfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb / dfcf]jfbeGbf 7"nf] JolQmsf] :jtGqtf / cfk;L efOrf/f xf] .Æ kf}8]nn] klg o;nfO{ cfkm\gf] n]vdf bf]xf]¥ofPsf 5g\ . k'h“ Ljfbn] ;fdGtjfbsf] cGTo u¥of] t/ @–# ;o jif{sf] k'h“ Ljfbdf dhb'/ju{dfly yk zf]if0f / bdg eof] . ‘k'h“ Ljfbsf] pTyfg, ljsf; / ktgsf] lgod’ sf] ¿kdf dfS;{jfbsf] hGd eof] . ju{ /x];Dd zf]if0f oyfjt /xG5 / ju{;ª\3if{ x'G5 . o;sf/0f, dfS;{jfbn] ju{ljxLg cfbz{ ;dfh l;h{gf u5{ . dfS;{jfb g} dfgjtfjfb xf] . dfS;{jfb / JolQmsf] :jtGqtf tyf cfk;L efOrf/f leGg xf]Og . o; cy{df kf} 8 ] n n] dfgj ;dfhsf] ljsf; qmd / dfS;{jfbsf] uxg cWoog ug'{ cfjZos 5 . ;fdGtjfbsf] cGTo / u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ff g} hgtGq xf]Og . g]kfnsf] clxn]sf] ;Gbe{df g t g]sf ;dfhjfbL / k|hftGqjfbL xf], g g] s kf sDo' l g:6 xf] . g] s kfsf] Jojxf/ cf} “ N ofp“ b } kf} 8 ] n n] csf] { u' g f;f] u/] – æk~rfotsfndf hltklg :jtGqtfsf] kx/]bf/ aGg g;s]sf] g]skf ljsf; ah]6 sfo{stf{sf] k]jf agfpg]dfq u5{ .Æ o;sf] hjfkm klg :ki6 5 – lj;+= @)$^ ;fnsf] kl/jt{gotf g]sfn] To:t} u/]sf] xf], efOsfª\u;|] ‘g]skf’ n] ug{] sfd klg To:t} x'g' :jfefljs 5 . cd]l/sfdf sfnf hfltsf hh{ km\nf]o8 / g]kfndf ?s'dsf blnt gj/fh ljssf] xTof k|;· hf]8s ] f kf}8n] n] To:tf] s'g} 36gf pNn]v gu/L rLg, pQ/ sf]l/of / ?;sf] /fHo;Qf g} lje]bsf/L atfP . pQ/ sf]l/ofsf] cf}krfl/s gfd ‘k|hftflGqs hgu0ftGq sf]l/of’ xf] . k6s – k6s dGqL eO;s]sf kf}8n] n] g]kfnsf] s"6gLlts ;DaGw ePsf] ldq b]zsf] cf}krfl/s gfd ;Daf]wg gu/L o; cufl8 klg ‘pQ/ sf]l/of’ egL ;+;b\df ;d]t af]n]sf lyP . sf]le8–!( efO/;sf] k'vf{ utjif{sf] ;]K6]Da/df cd]l/sfsf] xjfO{ 6fk'df b]vfk/]sf] lyof] . To;a] n f cd] l /sL clwsf/Lx¿n] ;fdfGo ?3fvf]sL egL j]jf:tf u/]sf lyP . utjif{sf] cS6f]a/sf] dWodf rLgsf] pxfgdf ePsf] v]ns"bdf efu lng uPsf cd]l/sLx¿n] rLgdf of] efO/; km}nfPsf lyP . of] oyfy{nfO{

9fsyf]k ug{ cd]l/sL clwsf/Lx¿n] ‘lrlgof“ efO/;’ / ‘pxfg efO/;’ egL rLglj?4 ljZjnfO{ pS;fPsf lyP . rLgn] oL ;a} em" 6 sf] v08g ub} { sf] l e8–!( efO/; /f]syfd ug{ ;kmntf k|fKt u¥of] . cd]l/sf, a|flhn, ef/tnufot k'“hLjfbL /fhgLlts g]t[Tj ePsf b]zdf sf]le8–!( ;ª\qmd0f /f]syfddf ;kmntf ldn]sf] 5}g . g]kfndf klg efOsfª\u;|] ‘g]skf’ sf] ;/sf/ sf]le8– !( /f]syfddf ;kmn ePg . clxn] sf7df8f}“ pkTosfd} ;d'bfodf ;ª\qmd0f km}ln“bf] 5 . g]kfndf of] efO/; ;ª\qmd0f /f]syfd gx'g'df ef/t;“usf] v'nf ;Ldf g} xf] . ut cfOtaf/ Ps lbgdf &* xhf/ &*! ef/tLo hgtf ;ª\ q mldt eP . 8] 9 dlxgfcl3 cd] l /sfdf &* xhf/ @(( eGbf a9L ;ª\qmldt ePsf lyP . g]sfsf] ;/sf/n] ef/t;“usf] v'nf ;Ldf aGb u/]g, clxn]sf] g]skf ;/sf/n] klg u/]g . o;sf/0f, g]sf / g]skf bfh'efO g} x'g\ . ;+ljwfg;efsf] a]nf hflt, gZn, efiff, If]qsf] cfwf/df /fHo k'gM ;+/rgf ug]{ k|:tfj g]sf, Pdfn], Pdfcf]jfbL, h;kf, /fk|kfs} xf] . ;Dk"0f{ dw]; Ps k|bz ] agfpg] k|:tfjdf oL kf6L{sf] dw];sf ;a} ;f+;bx¿ Ps b]lvPsf w]/} 36gf 5g\ . blnt, d'l:nd, dw];L df]rf{h:tf hflt / If]qsf] cfwf/df kf6L{leq ;·7g agfpg] klg oL kf6L{x¿ g} x'g\ . kf}8n] n] g]sfleq klg o:tf df]rf{ sfod u/]sf lyP . kf}8]nsf] kf6L{ g]sfleq dfgjLo :jtGqtf / ;dfgtfsf] k|Tofe"lt 5}g eg] efOsfª\u;]| g]skfleq dfgjLo :jtGqtf / ;dfgtf vf]h/] sxf“ kfOG5 < clVtof/nfO{ O;f/fdf sfd ug{ ;'?af6} afWo kfg{] g]sf ;/sf/ xf] . g]sfsf dGqLx¿ g} e|i6frf/df k/]sf x'g\ . o;sf/0f, of] b]zsf] a]ltly ;'? ug]{ ;/sf/ g]sfs} xf] . To;df kf}8]nsf] klg k|z:t bf]if e]l6G5 . g]sfsf] unt af6f] ;dfpg] Pdfn] / dfcf]jfbL klg bf]ifL g} x'g\ . ljZj ;Eotf cufl8 g} a9\5 . o;nfO{ aa{/tftkm{ pGd'v u/fpg vf]Hg]x¿ If0fe/d} ;dfKt x'g5 ] g\ . ef/tsf] lxGb' kmf;LjfbL df]bL ;/sf/ / cd]l/sfsf] hfltjfbL Pjd\ kmf;LjfbL 6«Dk ;/sf/sf] cfo' nfdf] 5}g . g]kfndf klg @%) jif{otf a9]sf] v; cxª\sf/jfbL ;/sf/sf] klg cfo' nfdf] x'g]5}g . @)&& ebf} !%

df}sf gkfP;Ddsf Odfgbf/x¿ ¤ ;/sf/L ;DklQ JolQmsf] xftdf ;'Dkbf clws n]gb]g ePsf] 5 . o;df ;/sf/ k|d'vb]lv dGqL, ;lrj, kbflwsf/L / dflyNnf sd{rf/L;Dd lhDd]jf/ 5g\ . @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngkl5 e|i6frf/sf bh{gf}“ sf08x¿ aflx/ cfP . t/, Psfwafx] s s;} n fO{ sf/afxL ul/Pg . o;f] x'g'sf] k|d'v sf/0f /fHo;+ o Gqdf k' U g] ;a} s f] ldlneut g} xf] . pvfg g} 5, ‘sfn] sfn] ldn]/ vfp“m efn] ¤’ g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf ;+;b\df k' u ] s f] g] k fn dhb' / ls;fg kf6L{afx]s ;a} /fhg}lts kf6L{x¿ ;Qfdf k'u] . o;aLr g]dlskfnfO{ klg ;Qfdf hfg cg'/f]w ePsf] ;'lgPs} xf] . t/, ‘kmf]x/ kfgLdf g' x fP/ rf] v f] eOGg’ eGg] g] d lskfsf] :ki6 gLlt b] z eQm hgtfnfO{ yfxf 5 . k'h “ LjfbL Joj:yfdf kb / k};fsf] nflu cfly{s n]gb]g x'g] ePsf]n] e| i 6frf/ 5fofhlQs} x' G 5 . e|i6frf/sf] 5fglag ug]{ lgsfo clVtof/ b' ? kof] u cg' ; Gwfg cfof]usf kbflwsf/Lx¿ ;/sf/s} l;kmfl/;df lgo'lQm x'g] ub{5g\ . cfkm"nfO{ l;kmfl/; u/]sf JolQmnfO{ g} e|i6frf/ 5fglag u/L h]ndf sf]Rg cK7of/f] x'g] eP/} xf]nf 5fglagsf] gf6s /lrG5 . t/, pGd' l Qm lbg] sfd eO/xG5 .

clVtof/ eG5, ædlGqkl/ifb\n] u/]sf lg0f{odf 5fglag ug]{ xfd|f] clwsf/ If]qleq kb}{g .Æ g]dlskf e|i6frf/lj/f]wL kf6L{ g] d lskfsf cu| h x¿n] @)!( ;fnb]lv g} e|i6frf/sf] lj/f]wdf cfGbf]ng rnfPsf lyP . tTsfnLg eQmk'/ gu/ k~rfotdf ePsf e|i6frf/sf] e08fkmf]/ u/L hgtfnfO{ lj/f] w df p7fPsf] Oltxf; 5 . ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf ePsf] e| i 6frf/sf] lj/f] w df @)@%–@^ ;fndf eQmk'/df 7"n} cfGbf]ng ePsf] lyof] . e|i6frf/L d+un]rfnfO{ ls;fgs} 5f]/f egL g] d lskfsf sfo{ s tf{ x ¿n] 5f8]gg\ . /fk;df lht]/ uPsf s0f{ x\of]h" k~rfotL ;/sf/sf] cfly{s n]gb]gdf km;]kl5 kf6L{af6 lgsflnP . tTsfnLg k|ltlglw;efsf ;b:ox¿ ljgf]b zfxL, eQmaxfb'/ /f]sfof cfly{s n]gb]gs} sf/0f sf/afxLdf k/]sf x'g\ . kf6L{sf x/]s sfo{stf{n] cfly{s g}ltstf u'dfPkl5 sf/afxL ef]Ug'k5{ . ;/sf/n] ug]{ k|To]s e|i6frf/sf] lj/f]w ;bg / ;8sdf ug]{ kf6L{ g]dlskf xf] . of] Oltxf; hfg]ae' m]sf s]xL a'l4hLjL eG5g\, æ;a} pxL 8\ofªsf] d'nf ¤ t/, g]dlskf xf]Og ¤Æ gful/stfsf] ;jfndf g] d lskf gful/stf P]g @)^# nfO{

;+ z f] w g ug{ ;+ ; b\ s f] bf] ; | f ] clwj]zg -@)&%_ df ljw]os k]z eof] . ljw]osdf j+zhsf] gful/s x'g cfdf jf a'af Ps j+zhsf] g]kfnL gful/s x'gk' g]{ pNn]v 5 . of] k|fjwfgn] nfvf}“ ljb]zL efGhf–efGhLx¿n] j+zhsf] gful/stf kfpg] ePsfn] g]dlskfn] ;'?b]lv g} lj/f]w hgfof] . o;cl3 @)^# df gful/stf P]g agfp“bf hGdsf] cfwf/df gful/stf lbg gx'g] kIfdf g]dlskfsf] Ps dtdfq k/]sf] lyof] . ;f] k|fjwfgn] ;f7L nfv ef/tLon] g]kfnL gful/stf kfPsf] tYof° ;fj{hlgs eof] . b]znfO{ lkmhLs/0ftkm{ pGd'v u/fpg] o:tf] sfg'g lgdf{0f ug{ g]dlskfafx]ssf ;a} 7"nf–;fgf bn Ps eP . g]dlskfsf] of] b"/bzL{ sbdsf] k|z;+ f ug'k{ g]d{ f o'j/fh uf}tdn] ‘;a} bn Ps} x'g’\ eGg' cNk1fg xf] . -gful/s b}lgs, !@ ebf}, @)&&_ ;fy}, ;f] l eot ;dfhjfbsf] /Ifs :tflngsf] ljifodf ;d]t ;f] n]vdf kmf;LjfbL zf;s lx6n/;“ u :tflngsf] t'ngf u/] . k'h“ LjfbL ;f]r / ljrf/n] u|l;t To:tf a'l4hLjLx¿n] ;fj{ef}ldstf /Iff / e|i6frf/sf] lj/f]wdf hlt;'s} snd rnfP klg ‘df} s f gkfP;Ddsf Odfgbf/’ eg]df km/s gknf{ ¤

!^ ebf} @)&&

ljrf/

(1 Sept. 2020)

#

lhNnfsf ;a} gu/kflnsfsf nflu PsLs[t cfO;f]n;] gsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 -eQmk'/ gu/kflnsfsf k|dv ' ;'lgn k|hfklt;“u gf]an ] sf]/f]gf dxfdf/L /f]syfddf eQmk'/ gu/kflnsfn] kl5Nnf] cj:yfdf u/]sf ultljlwx¿af/] ‘>lds’ ;fKtflxs / ædhb'/’ b}lgsn] lnPsf] cGtjf{tf{ k|:t't 5 – ;+=_ sf7df8f}“ pkTosfnufot eQmk'/ lhNnfdf kl5Nnf lbgx¿df sf] l e8–!( ;ª\ q mldtx¿sf] ;ª\ V of a9\ b f] 5 . xfn eQmk' / gkfdf sf] l e8–!( sf] ;ª\ q md0fsf] cj:yf s] s:tf] /x]sf] 5 < olta]nf sf]le8–!( sf] ;ª\qmd0f b]ze/ e';sf] cfuf]em}“ km}ln/x]sf] 5 . lbgsf] xhf/eGbf a9Ldf ;ª\qmd0fsf] k'l:6 x'b“ } 5 eg] 3gf a:tL ePsf] sf7df8f}“ pkTosf ;ª\qmd0fsf] s]Gb| alg/x]sf] 5 . zlgaf/;Dddf pkTosfdf dfq $ xhf/ (&% hgfdf ;ª\ q md0f k' l i6 eO;s] s f] 5 . gu/kflnsfsf hgk|ltlglwx¿ cf—cfkm\gf] If]qleq a;f]af; ug]{ hgtfdf ;ª\qmd0f gkm}lnof];\ egL ;ts{tfk"js { sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . ljkb\sf] avt hlt;'s} sfd u/]klg Tof] kof{Kt x'b“ g} . To;}n] hgtfsf] ;]jfdf cxf]/fq vl6/x]sf hgk|ltlglwx¿ g} cfnf]rgfsf] kfq klg alg/x]sf 5g\ . eQmk'/ gu/kflnsfn] gu/leqsf sf]le8 ;ª\qmldtx¿sf] nflu Sjf/]lG6gsf] Joj:yfkg s] s;/L ub}{ cfPsf] 5 < g] k fn ;/sf/n] ljb] z df a;] s f gful/sx¿nfO{ g]kfn kmsf{pg] lg0f{o u/]kl5 eQmk'/ kms{g rfxg] gful/sx¿nfO{ cgnfOg kmf/fd eg{ ;"rgf hf/L u¥of] . ;of}s “ f] ;ª\Vofdf g]kfn kms{g rfxg] gful/sx¿n] kmf/fd e/] . To;sf] cfwf/df gu/kflnsfn] xf]6n Sjf/]lG6g, 3/ Sjf/]lG6g / gu/kflnsfsf] 5'66\ } Sjf/]lG6gsf] Joj:yf u¥of] . clxn];Dd xf]6ndf ## hgf, gkfsf] Sjf/]lG6gdf $) hgf / 3/ Sjf/]lG6gdf ## hgf u/L !)^ hgf Sjf/]lG6gdf al;;s]sf 5g\ eg] ljb]zaf6 cfpg] qmd;“u} of] ;ª\Vof a9\b} hfg]5 . o;sf] nflu gu/kflnsfn] xf]lN8ª ;]G6/, Sjf/]lG6g / ;Dk"0f{ /]vb]v ugf{sf nflu ( hgf sd{rf/Lsf] Joj:yf klg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;f+ : s[ l ts Pjd\ P] l txfl;s gu/ eQmk' / sf] ljleGg ;dodf dgfOg] oxf“sf rf8kj{x¿af/] eQmk'/ gu/kflnsfn] s;/L hgtfnfO{ cg'/f]w ub}{ cfPsf] 5 < eQmk'/ ;f+:s[lts gu/ xf] . oxf“ x/]s dlxgf s' g } g s' g } rf8kj{ x ¿ eO{ g} /xG5g\ . gu/kflnsfn] ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿l;t 5nkmn u/L la:sf hfqf, ufO{hfqf, dftftLy{ cf}“;L, uf]s0f{ cf}“;L, b]jfnL k"hfh:tf rf8kj{x¿nfO{ cf}krfl/stfdf dfq} ;Lldt ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] eg] k~rbfg, u'“nf kj{, oGofFk' G xLh:tf kj{ x ¿ :ylut u¥of] . ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿l;t 5nkmn u/]/ lg0f{o lng] u/]sf] sf/0f gu/kflnsfsf x/]s lg0f{osf] k|efjsf/L sfof{ G jog ePsf] 5 . gu/jf;Lx¿n] ] gu/kflnsfsf x/]s lg0f{onfO{ ;sf/fTds¿kdf lj;+ @)$% sf] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] lj/f]w tyf eT;{gf sfo{qmd of] jif{ h'd a}7s / cGo pkfo ckgfO{ ;DkGg ul/P . sfo{qmd ce}m rfn' 5g\ . lhNnf– lhNnfsf va/x¿ cfpg] qmd klg hf/L g} 5 . tL sfo{qmddf ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] qmddf lu/Çtf/ x'g'ePsf / e"ldut x'ge' Psf g]tf–sfo{stf{x¿n] cf–cfkm\gf cg'ej ;'gfpg'eof] . k|x/Låf/f lbOPsf] qm"/ oftgfaf/] ;hLj 9·df atfpg'eof] . si6k" 0 f{ e" l dut hLjg / k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿;“u ePsf ;ª\3if{af/] j0f{ g ug' { e of] . kLl8t kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿n] cg' e jsf k[ i 7x¿ kN6fpg'eof] . hgtfsf zq'x¿n] lbPsf dfgl;s oftgf, ljleGg lsl;dsf xdnfaf/] dfld{s syf–Joyf ;'gfpg'eof] .

Zj]t cftª\ssf] t:jL/ ;a};fd' /fVg'eof] . sltn] k~rfotL lg/ª\sz ' tf / To;sf] cGToaf/] ljZn]if0f ug'{eof] . if8\oGqsf gfnLa]nLaf/] 5nkmn ug'e{ of] . ;fy}, To; sf08df cGofodf k/]sf hgtfsf] kIf lng] ljåfg, kqsf/, dfgjclwsf/sdL{, sfg'gj]Qfx¿k|lt cfef/ k|s6 ul/of] . tLg bzskZrft\ klg ;xof]uLx¿k|lt ;Ddfg JoQm ug'{ / cg'ul| xt x'g' pRr ;+:s[ltsf] Bf]ts xf] eGg] rrf{ klg rNof] . of] jif{ s f] sfo{ q mdaf/] g]dlskfn] #!–#@ jif{bl] v ebf} ( sf] sfnf] lbgnfO{ x/]s jif{ lg/Gt/ :d/0f ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ljutsf jif{df h'n';

lnO{ ;fy / ;xof]u ub}{ cfpg'ePsf] 5 . sf] l e8–!( ;ª\ q md0f /f] s yfdsf] nflu eQmk'/ k|j]z ug]{ gfsfdf ;'/Iff Joj:yfkgsf s'/f klg p7]sf] lyof] lg ¤ xf], sf]le8sf] ;ª\qmd0f a9\b} uPkl5 aflx/af6 eQmk'/ gu/ k|jz ] ug]{ gfsfx¿df sd{rf/L v6fP/ nut ;°ng ug]{ sfo{ ul/of] . gu/ k|jz ] ug]{ !# j6f k|dv ' gfsfx¿df lnOPsf] nutn] eQmk'/df /fd]5fk, afun'ª, bf]nvf, l;Gw'kfNrf]s, sfe|], cf]vn9'ªu\ f, bf]nvf, ;nf{xL, /f}tx6, l;/fxf, k;f{, x'Dnf / ef/taf6 ;d]t /f]huf/L / :jf:Yo hf“rsf] qmddf b}lgs ;of}s “ f] ;ª\Vofdf cfpg] u/]sf] b]vfof] . ;Ldf gfsf s8f ub}{ nfg] qmddf sltkonfO{ lkmtf{ klg k7fOPsf] 5 . ;ª\ q md0f /f] S g aflx/sf dflg;x¿sf] k"/} cfjthfjt /f]Sg] k|of;sf] ¿kdf Tof] sfd ;'? ul/Psf] xf] . lgif]wf1f hf/L u/]kl5 Tof] ;d:of b]lvPg . sf7df8f}“ pkTosfdf rNg] 5f]6f] b'/Lsf ;jf/L;fwg cfjfudg klg aGb ug{ ] lg0f{ o ug'{eof] lg xf]Og < eQmk'/af6 pkTosfleq ;of}s “ f uf8Lx¿ rNg] u5{g\ . lgif]wf1f hf/L ug'c{ l3 gu/kflnsfn] ?6 g+= !, & / ( sf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx¿;“u a}7s u/L ;Dk"0f{ uf8L /f]Sg] lg0f{o u¥of] . Ps 7fp“sf hgtf csf]{ 7fp“df cfjthfjt ugf{n] ;ª\qmd0f a9\g] ;DefjgfnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ of] lg0f{o ul/Psf] xf] . aGb ljBfnox¿af/] eQmk'/ gu/kflnsfn] s] ;f]r]sf] 5 < ;/sf/L sfof{no, ljBfno, sn]hx¿ labf 3f]if0ff gu/]sf] cj:yfdf lgif]wf1f nfu' ug'{ cufl8 gu/kflnsfn] k7g ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf;sf] nflu ;Dk"0f{ ljBfnodf lzIfsx¿sf nflu kf7\ o k' : ts;“ u ;DalGwt lstfa tyf ;flxTox¿ cWoog ug]{ / To;af/] 5nkmn ug]{, lzIfsx¿nfO{ ljBfnoaf6} k| l jlwsf] k| l zIf0f lbg] / cleefjsx¿nfO{ sf]/f]gf;DaGwL hgr]tgf km}nfpg ;Gb]zx¿ k7fpg tyf ljBfno sn]h jl/kl/ ;/;kmfO ug{ lgb]z { g lbof] . To;/L g} gu/kflnsfåf/f ;~rflnt sn]hx¿df cgnfOg sIff ;~rfng tyf k/LIff;d]t cgnfOgaf6} lnOof] . o;n] lgif]wf1faLr klg sn]hsf ljBfyL{x¿sf] k9fOn] lg/Gt/tf kfO/x]sf] 5 . ns8fpgsf] ;dodf ;j{ ; fwf/0f hgtfnfO{ 3/d} a:g / dflg;sf] eL8ef8 x' g glbg gu/kflnsfn] ;r]tgf ultljlw s;/L cufl8 a9fO/x]sf] 5 < x/]s lbg kmf]x/ ;°ng;“u} sf]le8–!( af/] ;r]tgfsf ;Gb]zx¿ 6f]n—6f]ndf u'l~h/x]sf x'G5g\ . g]kfn / g]kfnaflx/ ePsf ;ª\qmldt tyf

d[To' ePsf ljj/0f;lxt b}lgs x'g] dfOlsªn] hgtfnfO{ yk ;r]t kfg]{ sfo{ ePsf] 5 . of] ;“u} 6f]n6f]ndf ls6gf;s cf}ifwL -Snf]l/g_ 5g]{ sfd lg/Gt/ eO/x]sf] 5 eg] 6f]n—6f]ndf /x]sf ;fa'g kfgLsf] Joj:yfn] xft w'g] sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lb“b} cfPsf] 5 . sf]le8–!( z°f nfu]sf jf :jf:Yo;“u ;DalGwt s' g } ;d:of b] l vPsf la/fdLx¿sf] nflu eQmk' / gkfn] s;/L ;] j f k| b fg ub} { cfO/x]sf] 5 < sf] l e8sf] z°f nfu] s f jf c¿ s' g } :jf:Yo;“u ;DalGwt ;d:of b]lvPdf tTsfn ;]jf lng ;Sg] u/L @ hgf 8fS6/x¿ 8f= afns[i0f rf“u'ef/L / 8f= ljj]s af]o\h"nfO{ k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] 5 . c:ktfndf tTsfn k'Ug ;d:of kg]{ la/fdLx¿nfO{ of] ;]jfn] 7"nf] d2t ldn]sf] gu/jf;Lx¿sf] egfO 5 . To;sf ;fy} hg:jf:Yo ;]jf s]Gb|n] Odh]{G;L ;]jf / cf]kL8L ;]jfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lb“b} cfPsf] 5 . eQmk' / gu/kflnsfn] cfkm\ g f] 5' § } cfO;f]n];g jf8{sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 jf 5}g < cfO;f]n];g :yfkgfsf] nflu s] s:tf] kxn ul//xg' e Psf] 5 < clxn] ; Dd eQmk' / gu/kflnsfn] 5' § } cfO;f]n];gsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5}g . lhNnfsf ;a} gu/kflnsfsf nflu PsLs[t cfO;f]n];gsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . vl/kf6Ll:yt ljB't\ k|flws/0fsf] tflnd s] G b| d f @ ;o zo\ o fsf] cfO;f] n ] ; g 5'§ofOPsf] 5 eg] eQmk'/ c:ktfnnfO{ sf]le8 c:ktfndf ?kfGt/0f u/L Toxf“ nIf0f b]lvPsf !% / gb]lvPsf !) u/L @% zo\ofsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . eQmk'/ c:ktfn k|fb]lzs c:ktfn ePsf]n] kL;Lcf/ k/LIf0fsf] d]l;g Joj:yfkgsf] nflu k|b]zsf] :jf:YodGqL;“u 5nkmn eO/x]sf] 5 . pxf“n] l5§} g} d]l;g eQmk'/ c:ktfndf h8fg ul/ lbg] cfZjf;g lbg'ePsf] 5 . sf]le8–!( ;ª\qmd0f ePsf JolQmx¿sf] sG6\ o fs 6« ] l ;ª sltsf] k| e fjsf/L¿kdf eO/x]sf] 5 < eQmk'/ gu/kflnsfleq xfn;Dd %) hgfeGbf a9L ;ª\qmldtx¿ eO;s]sf 5g\ eg] ltgsf] ;Dks{df cfPsf # ;oeGbf a9Lsf] ;ª\Vofdf sG6\ofs 6«l] ;ªsf] sfd eO/x]sf] 5 . clxn];Dd ;'?df kf]lhl6e b]lvPsf kl/jf/sf] ;b:ox¿d} kf]lhl6e b]lvPsf 5g\ . kL;Lcf/ k/LIf0fsf] l/kf]6{ l9nf] cfPsf sf/0f sltko ;ª\qmldtx¿n] c¿nfO{ ;fg{ ;Sg] ;Defjgf w]/} 5 . o;y{, g]kfn ;/sf/n] g} ;a} 7fp“df cfjZos hgzlQm;lxt kL;Lcf/ k/LIf0f d]l;gsf] Joj:yf ug{ l9nfO ug'{x'Gg .

;'lgn k|hfklt, k|dv ' eQmk'/ gu/kflnsfsf] ljkb\ Joj:yfkg ;ldltn] dxfdf/L /f] s yfdsf] nflu s:tf] e"ldsf v]ln/x]sf] 5 < o;df ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 s] s:tf] ;xof]u kfp“b} cfpg'ePsf] 5 < ljkb\ Joj:yfkg;DaGwL Psn clwsf/ ;+ljwfgn] :yfgLo txnfO{ lbPsf] 5 eg] Tof] ;femf clwsf/ ;"rLdf klg ;dfj]z 5 . clwsf+z :yfgLo txx¿n] ljkb\ Joj:yfkg P]g agfO{ sfof{Gjog ul//x]sf 5g\ . sf]le8– !( klg ljkb\ g} xf] t/ ;/sf/n] o;nfO{ k|sf]k Joj:yfkg eg]sf] 5 . h] xf];\ clxn] km}ln“b} uPsf] sf]le8sf] ;ª\qmd0f lgoGq0f s'g} Ps txn] ;Dej x'g] b]lv“bg} . o;y{, ;Dk"0f{¿kn] lgoGq0f ug{ ;ª\3, k|bz ] / :yfgLo tLg} txsf] ;dGjofTds e"ldsf ckl/xfo{ 5 . ;dGjoljgf cf—cfkm\gf] tl/sfn] sfd u/]sf] v08df ;ª\qmd0f lgoGq0faflx/ hfg] vt/f a9\b} hfg] ;Defjgf 5 . a]nd} f o;af/] Wofg k'¥ofpg' cfjZos 5 . ;ª\qmldtx¿k|lt ;dfhn] g/fd|f] Jojxf/ u/]sf] eGg] u'gf;f]k|lt oxf“ s] eGg'x'G5 < ljleGg 7fp“df sf]/f]gf ;ª\qmldt :jf:YosdL{ / cGo ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ g/fd|f] Jojxf/ u/]sf ;dfrf/x¿ xfdLn] klg k9]sf 5f}“ . of] /fd|f] s'/f xf]Og . :jf:YosdL{x¿ la/fdLsf] ;]jfdf lg/Gt/ vl6O/xg'ePsf] 5 . xfdL la/fdL ePdf hfg] 7fp“ eg]s} c:ktfn xf] . pxf“x¿n] sfd ug'e{ Pg eg] la/fdLsf] pkrf/ s;n] u5{ < pxf“x¿nfO{ ljleGg sf/0faf6 ;ª\qmd0f x'g;S5 . :jf:YosdL{x¿ sf/f]gflj?4 klxnf] kª\lQmdf a;]/ n8\g] n8fs"x¿ x'gx' G' 5 . pxf“x¿nfO{ t emg\ ;Ddfg ug'k{ 5{ . To;/L g} c¿ gful/sx¿ klg cfkm"n] rfx]/ sf]xL ;ª\qmldt x'g] xf]Og . pxf“x¿sf] dgf]an a9fpg] sfd ;a}af6 x'gk' 5{ . hgk|ltlglw, sd{rf/L / ;a} 5/—l5d]sn] klg ;ª\qmldtx¿nfO{ cf—cfkm\gf] tkm{af6 ;xof]u u/f}“ / sf]le8– !( nfO{ ;d'bfodf dxfdf/Lsf] ¿kdf km}ng gb]cf}“ ¤

æeQmk'/ sf08Æ / o'jfsf s]xL lh1f;f oz/fh k|bz{gL, v'nf ;ef, e]nf, cGt/lqmof, uf]i7L cfof]hgf ul/Gy] . ebf} ( s} ;]/f]km]/f]df To; sf08;“u ;DalGwt k':ts, a'nl] 6g, ljz]iff° cflb k|sfzg klg ul/P . sf08df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] ljåfg, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ , kqsf/, jlsnx¿k|lt ljutdf wGojfb 1fkg ;df/f]xx¿ klg eP . of] jif{ sf]le8 dxfdf/Lsf sf/0f sfo{qmdx¿ a]Un} 9·df ;DkGg ul/P .

3/–3/d} a;L cfw'lgs k|ljlwsf] pkof]u u/L ebf} ( sf] sfnf] lbgsf] eT;{gf ;DkGg ul/Psf] of] g} klxnf]k6s xf] . ljut #)–#! jif{df of] vfnsf] c;fdfGo kl/l:ylt slxNo} cfPsf] lyPg . w]/}n] cjZo gf}nf] cg'ej u/]sf] x'g'k5{ . ;fdflhs ;~hfn, l6eLdfkm{ t klg k|;f/0f ul/gfn] yk Jofkstf kfPsf] cg'ej ul/of] . xhf/f}“ xhf/ >f]tf of bz{sn] 3/d} a;L sfo{qmddf ;xeflutf hgfpg kfpg' n fO{ ;sf/fTds g} dfGg' k 5{ . ljutdf To; sf08af/] yfxf;d]t gkfPsf, e|d kfn]/ a;]sf, Jo:ttfsf sf/0f To; sf08af/] ulx/fOdf k'u]/ a'em\g gkfPsf, lh1f;' lszf]/– lszf]/L cflbsf lglDt sfo{qmd cem a9L

kmnbfoL ePsf] cg'ej ul/of] . e'Qmef]uL, kLl8t / ;ª\3if{df k|ToIf xf]ldPsfx¿sf ljrf/n] k~rfotL Joj:yf / k|ltlqmofjfbL ju{sf] s'¿k t:jL/ pbf·f] kf/]sf] w]/n} ] dx;'; u/] . if8\oGq s] xf] / if8\oGq s;/L x'G5 eGg]af/] oyfy{ pbfx/0f;lxt atfOgfn] gof“ k':tfsf lglDt lzIffk|b ag]sf] klg ;f“rf] xf] . k|ljlw–d}qL sfo{qmd x'gfn] gof“ k':tfn] ;d]t cle¿lrk"js { ;xeflutf hgfPsf] ] of ltgLx¿nfO{ cfslif{t t'NofPsf] c:jLsf/ ug{ ;lsGg . gof“ k' : tfsf s] x L lh1f;f sfo{qmdx¿df ;xefuL gof“ k':tfsf pT;'s ljBfyL{–o'jfx¿af6 pd]/cg';f/sf s]xL lh1f;f cleJoQm x'g' cGoyf dfGg ;lsGg“ . xfd|f a'af–cfdf, xh'/a'af– xh'/cfdfx¿nfO{ Toltv]/ g]kfnL efiff af]Ng gcfpg'sf] sf/0f s] lyof] < g]kfnL efiff gcfPs}n] b'Mv kfpg'ePsf] / w]/} x]kfO ;xg'k/]sf] xf] < g]kfnL efiff ghfg]/ b'Mv kfPsf] olb xf] eg] ax'bnkl5 ePklg l;sfpg] r]i6f eof] ls ePg < clxn] To:tf] if8\oGq eof] eg] xfdL;“u s] lrh geP/ b'Mv kfp“5f}“ xf]nf < cª\uh]| L efiffdf sdhf]/ eP/ b'Mv kfp“5f}“ ls < 7fp“ glrg]/eGbf klg dfG5] glrg]/ b'Mv kfp“5f}“

ls < klxnfeGbf ;dfhdf nf]eLkfkLsf] ;ª\Vof al9;Sof], Tof] g} b'Mvsf] sf/0f aGnf ls < klxnfh:t} 7"nf–7"nf ljåfgn] s] ca klg cfkt\ljkt\df ;fy b]nfg\ < klxnf t k~rfot ;a}sf] ;femf zq' lyof] / cGo /fhgLlts bnn] ;ª\3if{df ;fy lbP, clxn] kl/l:ylt leGg eO;s]sf]n] g]dlskfnfO{ clxn]sf] kl/j]zdf ;fy b]nfg\ < cflb –cflb ;jfn o'jf, ljBfyL{af6 ;'lgP . ljBfyL{x¿ eGb} lyP – Toltv]/ k|c, lzIfsx¿nfO{ g} 5fgL – 5fgL lsg ;dfltof] < lzIfs, k| c h:tf a'emSs8x¿n] g} lsg af]nL km]/] < lsg ;ª\3if{sf] d}bfg Tofu] < ls;fg, dlxnf, o'jf, ljBfyL{n] eg] ;fxl;s¿kdf ;ª\3if{ u/] lg < Toltv]/sf] dlxnf cu|;/tfsf] t'ngfdf clxn]sf] sdhf]/ 5 ls ;an < s'g s'g If]qdf ;an aGof] < k|ljlwsf] ljsf; eO;s]sf] ;Gbe{df To; 36gfaf/] j[Qlrq lgdf{0f u/]/ e|dnfO{ lrg]{ sfo{ ug{ gof“ k':tfnfO{ lsg xf}:ofOPg < oL c:jfefljs gnfUg] k|Zgsf] lrQa'em\bf] hjfkm lbP/ gof“ k':tfnfO{ xf};nf lbg', dfu{lgb]z { ug'{ lgZro klg cu|h k':tfsf] lhDd]jf/L xf] . o'jf k':tfsf] /fhgLlts r]tgf, ;ª\3if{zLntf, ;fdflhs ultljlwdf

;xeflutf cfhsf] rf;f]sf] ljifo xf] . ;ª\ 3 if{ s f tLg df] r f{ g] k fn dhb' / ls;fg kf6L{ s f] Oltxf;df @)$% ebf} ( sf] 36gf / To;kl5sf] k~rfotL bdgn] csNkgLo sDkg Nofof] eGg' ;fob clto'lQm gxf]nf ¤ sf/0f, kf6L{ x]8Sjf6{/dfly xdnf rNb} lyof] . cWoIf sf= /f]lxt :jod\ kqmfp kg'{eof] . hgtfåf/f lgjf{lrtx¿nfO{ lu/Çtf/ u/L kf6L{sf] hg;Dks{sf] h/f] sf6\g] / /fHo;“usf] ;+jfbsf] ;Defjgf g} cGTo ug]{ sfd eO;s]sf] lyof] . k~rfotsf] Gjf/fgb]lvsf] an g]dlskfsf] bdgdf vr{ x'“b} lyof] . k~rfot bf];|f] /ht hoGtLsf] dxf–pT;j dgfpg] dgl:yltdf k'lu;s]sf] lyof] . lblUjho k|fKt u/]em}“ k~rfotL ;fdGtjfbLx¿ pT;j dgfp“b} lyP . d08n]x¿sf] v';Lsf] s'g} ;Ldf /x]g . d08n] /fh ;'? eof] . g] d lskfn] eg] tLg df] r f{ a f6 k~rfotlj¿4 ;ª\3if{ ;'¿ u¥of] M h]nleq, h]naflx/ of hg:t/ / s]xL ;dokZrft\ ef/t k|jf;af6 . g]dlskfn] g ;ª\3if{ yfNg cndn u¥of] g t ljnDa g} u¥of] . h] n leq k| h ftGqsf] kIfdf, lg/ª\ s ' z tGqlj¿4 cfjfh p7fpg yfNof] . k~rfotL k|zf;gsf] lgd{d oftgf ;x“b} ljrf/, l;4fGt, Gofosf lglDt lg/Gt/ ;ª\ 3 if{ cufl8 a9fof] . h]nleqaf6 /fhgLlts Pstfsf] ;Gb]z af“sL k[i7 ( df

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(1 Sept. 2020)

gof“ k':tfsf lglDt slxNo} g;'Sg] pmhf{sf] ;|ft] k~rfotL cTofrf/lj?4 dlxnf Psh'6 eP ;[hgf ;}h “ ," ;+of]hs, g]qmfd;ª\3, eQmk'/ lhNnf ;ldlt ju{zq'lj?4 86]/ n8]sf] ulj{ { n f] Oltxf; 5, xfd| f ] . ju{zq';u“ lsdfy{ gem'sL ljhoL ag]sf] Oltxf;, xfd|f] . k~rfotL /fHo:t/n] if8\oGqk"js { g]dlskfsf] t]hf]aw ug{ /r]sf] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ cyf{t\ efb| ( -sfnf] lbg_ ToxL ju{ ; ª\ 3 if{ s f] Pp6f l;nl;nf lyof] . b]z / sfdbf/ hgtfsf] lgM:jfy{ ;] j f ug] { ljrf/ / l;4fGtlj?4 k~rfotL ;fdGtjfbLx¿sf] k|xf/ lyof], Tof] . g]kfnsf] ls;fg cfGbf]ng tyf sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngnfO{ Ift\ljIft\ agfpg] s'lT;t clek|fon] ul/Psf] xdnf lyof] , Tof] . ;Rrf b]zeQmnfO{ ;dfKt kf/L ljb]zL zlQmsf] bnfnL ug] { x ¿sf] xflnd'xfnL sfod ug{ /lrPsf] if8\oGq lyof], Tof] . cfh klg To:t} if8\oGq gbf]xf]l/Pnf eGg ;Sg] l:ylt 5}g . ax'bn k'gM :yfkgfkl5 tL k~rx¿ clwsf+z sfª\u;]| k;], Pdfn] l5/] . clxn] g]skfleq k~rx¿ 5g\, k~rfotL dfgl;stfsf sDo'lg:6 d's'G8f]wf/Lx¿ 5g\ / tL gof“ lsl;dn] abnf lng rfxG5g\ . ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ km/s 9ª\un] bf]xf]l/g ;Sg]k|lt xfdL ;r]t x'g}k5{ . sf=/f] l xt eGg' x ' G 5 – æ/fhgLlt ;/n /]vfdf lx“8\b}g,

afª\uf] l6ª\uf] af6f]df lx“8\5 . /fhgLlt u'nfkmsf] cf]5o\ fg xf]Og, vf]nfsf] au/df lx“8g\ ' xf], t/af/sf] wf/df lx“8\g' xf] .Æ Tolta]nf /fhgLlts sfo{stf{x¿n] jf:tjd} vf]nfsf] au/df lx“8] . cToGt sl7g ;do ;fdgf u/] . tTsfnLg ;dodf g]dlskflj?4 k~rfotL Joj:yfsf] k|wfgdGqLb]lv dxfk~rx¿;Dd hgtfsf g] t f sfo{ s tf{ d fly kmf;Lsf] dfu ub}{ ;8sdf pqg' ;+;f/s} lgldQ cgf}7f] 36gf lyof] . nf;dfly k~rn] u/]sf] /fhgLlt lgs[i6 vfnsf] lyof] . t/, Tof] /fhgLlt p;}sf lglDt k|To"Tkfbs aGof] .

Hofg df/]sf] em"6f d'2fdf ^& hgf kqmfp kg'{ePsf] lyof] . sltn] si6k" 0 f{ h] n hLjg ef]Ug'eof], slt e"ldut x'ge' of], sltn] k|jf;af6 ;ª\3if{ ug{'eof] . e"ldut /xL kf6L{sf] sfd ug{ ;xh lyPg . eQmk'/ aGbLu[xdf kl/0ft eof] . oftgf u[x aGof] . xfd|f cu|hx¿sf] z/L/df ahfl/Psf] a'6, af“;, n¶Lsf 8fdx¿ cem} lgn} 5g\, lsnfsf 3fpx¿ el/Psf] 5}g, s/]G6sf em6\sfx¿ tfh} 5g\ . em"6 gaf]ns ] } sf/0f, kf6L{kl| t Odfgbf/ ePs} sf/0f lgd{d oftgf :jLsf/]sf cu|hx¿sf cg'ejaf6 pmhf{ a6'Ng h?/L 5 . xfs'k6f;L nufpg] ls;fg dlxnfx¿dfly ul/Psf] b'Jo{jxf/, ltgn] ef]us ] f dfgl;s tgfjsf] n]vfhf]vf g} 5}g . cToGt k|lts"n kl/l:yltsf] ;fdgf ug]{ / ;ª\3if{sf] d}bfgdf pqg] sf= zf]efx¿sf] cg'ej gof“ k':tfsf lglDt pmhf{sf] slxNo} g;'Sg] ;|ft] xf] . cg'ejsf s]xL k[i7x¿ cfh o; sfo{qmddf k|:t't x'g5 ] . h:t} kl/l:yltdf klg ljrlnt gagL ckdfgsf] Tof] sfnv08lj?4 pRr cfTdan;lxt n8\g,] ;ª\3if{ ug]{ cu|hx¿nfO{ xfdL cfh ;lDem/x]sf 5f}“ . cfh ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ h:tf

sfvdf ^ dlxgfsf] 5f]/f] lyof]– ljHj]n . b]z / hgtfsf] Odfgbf/Lk"j{s ;]jfdf nfu]sf cfkm\gf >Ldfg\ -k|]d ;'jfn_ tTsfnLg eQmk'/ gu/ k~rfot j8f g+= ( df bf];|f] k6s j8fWoIfdf hgtfaf6 lgjf{lrt k]|d ;'jfnnufot kf6L{sf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x¿sf] cg'xf/ b]Vg kfOPsf] lyPg . k~rfotL bdg;“u} :yfgLo hfnL km6fxfx¿sf] b'Jo{jxf/ Pskl5 csf]{ ylkPsf] lyof] . k~r / hfnL km6fxfsf] ckdfg ;x\o lyPg . cfh klg dgdf k|Zg p7\5 – Odfgsf] /fhgLlt ug]{x¿dfly ckdfg / b'Jo{jxf/ lsg < dgnfO{ alnof] agfp“y]“ — of] sfn/fqL kSs} ;dfKt x' g ] 5 , x/] s lbgsf] laxfg ;"o{ pbfPh:t} . g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg ;ª\u7g xfn kf6L{_ ;“u hf]l8Psf w]/–} w]/n} ] b'Mv kfPsf lyP . em"6f d'2fdf h]n kg'{ePsf, e" l dut x' g ' e Psf, k| x /Lsf] oftgf ef]Ug'ePsf y'k|} g]tf / sfo{stf{x¿ x' g ' x ' G Yof] . xfdL ;a} s f kl/jf/hg /fhgLlt;“u} ;fdflhs / dfgl;s oftgf ef]Ub} lyof}“ . sfdbf/ju{sf ljz]ifu/L dlxnfx¿ sl7g ;do sf6\b} lyP . sltko lbbL alxgLsf] kL8f ;'Gbf, b]Vbf clxn] klg cfqmf]z k}bf x'G5 . Tolta]nf hfnL km6fxflj?4 ;ª\3if{ eof]] . b]z / hgtfsf] ;]jfdf nfu]sf] g]dls;+lj?4 k~rfotL ;/sf/ / To;sf dltof/x¿sf] Tolt cdfgjLo k|xf/ x'g] ;f]lrPsf] klg lyPg . v]tdf v';f{gL l6Kg] a]nf lyof] . @)$% ;fn efb| ( ut] v]tdf v';f{gL l6k]/ d 3/ kms{“b} lyP“ . Tolta]nf xfdL Jof;Ldf a:Yof}“ . Aof;L 6f]n gk'Ub} sf:g] d f ufO“ u ' O “ ;' l gof] , æe" s Dk kLl8tnfO{ vfBfGg ljt/0fdf wf“wnL u/]sf x\of]h"nfO{ 3'dfOof] .Æ Tof] ;'g]b]lv dgdf cg]s s'/f v]Ng yfNof] – s] s:tf] 36gf 36\of] < Tolta]nf kmf]g / df]afOn lyPg . kf“r lbgcl3 uPsf] e"sDkaf6

if8\oGqx¿af6 lng'kg]{ lzIffaf/] yk rrf{ cfjZos 5 . ljBdfg k'h '“ LjfbL Joj:yfsf] km/s wf/df lx“8g\ ' gbLsf] ljkl/t wf/df lx“8g\ ' hlQs} xf] . xfd| f ] pRr ;+jb] gzLntf, xf]lzof/L tyf tof/L cem a9L cfjZos 5 . tTsfnLg ;dodf dlxnfx¿n] lgjf{x u/]sf] e"ldsf a]hf]8sf] lyof] . P]ltxfl;s dlxnf h'n';, dzfn h''n';, ;h{ldgdf ul/Psf] wf“wnLlj?4sf] cfjfhsf sf/0f ;Tosf] ljhosf] lbg glhlsPsf] lyof] . ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] 36gfqmdsf] ¿k/]vfaf/] vf]h cg';Gwfg u/L ;TotYo phfu/ ug'x{ g' ] jl/i7 clwjQmf, sfg'gljb\, kqsf/, dfgj clwsf/sdL{x¿, a'l4hLjLx¿nfO{ klg cfh xfdL :d/0f u5f}“{ . To; ;xof]usf lglDt pxf“x¿k|lt pRr ;Ddfg JoQm u5f{}“ . gof“ k':tfn] ls t k9]/ ls ;'g]/ ljut yfxf kfPsf x'g\ . gn]lvPsf cg'ej ;'Gg af“sL 5 . n]lvg h?/L 5 . ‘eQmk'/ sf08’sf] jf:tljstf plhNofpg] xfd| f k|sflzt k':tsx¿ cfpg] k':tfsf lglDt klg Oltxf; a'em\ g] dxŒjk"0f{ b:tfj]h x'g\ . @)$% ;fndf uPsf] b'Oj{ 6f e"sDkn] xfd|f] uf}/j 9fNg ;s]g, xfd|f] cf:yf eTsfpg ;s]g . ;Rrf / Odfgbf/ kf6L{ sfo{stf{x¿sf] ljZjf; 8udufPg . ljrf/ / l;4fGtdf lr/f k/] g . a? k~rfotL Joj:yf cfk}m 9Nof], cfo{3f6 k'Uof] . hgtfn] ax'bnLo k|hftGq kfP . cfh klg g]dlskf hgtfsf] k| h ftGqsf lglDt ;ª\3if{/t 5 . xfd|f] ju{;ª\3if{ hf/L 5 .

-‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] eT;{gfdf ut efb| ( ut] g]kfn qmflGtsf/L dlxnf ;ª\3 kf“rf}“ eQmk'/ lhNnf ;Dd]ng tof/L ;ldltaf6 cfof]lht k|jrg sfo{qmddf k|:t't dGtJosf] ;f/ – ;+=_

sdnd}of“ ;'jfn, pkfWoIf, g]qmfd;ª\3, s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt @)$% ebf} ( ut] eQmk'/ sf08sf] qmddf ePsf cTofrf/nfO{ ;lDem“ b f cfh klg dlxnfx¿ cfqmf]l] zt x'G5g\ . zf]lift kLl8t hgtfsf] lglDt ;ª\3if{ ub},{ b]z / hgtfk|lt ;dlk{t /x]sf] g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{ tTsfnLg k~rfotL ;/sf/sf] lglDt kmnfd] Ro"/f ;flat ePsf] lbg g} ebf} ( ut] xf] . @)$% ;fn ebf} % ut] uPsf] e"sDkn] eQmk'/df w]/} hgwgsf] Iflt ePsf] lyof] . e"sDksf] ljkQLsf] df}sf 5f]kL k~rfotL ;/sf/n] Pshgf JolQmnfO{ ‘alnsf] af]sf]’ agfO{ To;sf] nf;dfly /fhgLlt u¥of], g] d lskfnfO{ ;d" n gi6 ug] { if8\ o Gq u¥of] . tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL dl/rdfg l;+xnufot /fli6«o k~rfotsf cWoIf gj/fh ;'jb] L;d]t ‘/f]lxtnfO{ kmf“;L b]’ egL lgn{Hhtfk"j{s ;8sdf cf]ln{P . tTsfnLg g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg ;ª\u7gsf >4]o cWoIfnufot ^& hgf g] t f sfo{ s tf{ d fly k~rfot ;/sf/n] Hofg d'2f nufof] . ;of}“ ;j{;fwf/0f hgtf

/ sfo{ s tf{ ;d] t nfO{ k~r ;/sf/n] lu/km\tf/ u/L eQmk'/df ;Gqf;sf] jftf/0f km}nfof] . eQmk' / sf 6f] n 6f] n df k~rfotL ;dy{sx¿sf] cTofrf/ b]lvof] eg] ;of}“ lgbf]{if dflg; lagfsf/0f kqmfp k/] . s} o f} “ lgbf]{if ljBfyL{sf] k9fO 5'6\of] . slt sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ hfuL/af6 lgsflnof] . b}lgs sfddf uO{ k]6 kfNg' k g] { hgtfsf] hghLjg etfe'· kfl/of] . czQm, Ho]i7 gful/s, afnaRrf / dlxnfx¿ ;xf/fljxLg eP . dlxnfx¿n] s'g} sfddf aflx/ lg:s“bf d08n]x¿sf] ceb| Jojxf/ / cgfjZos 8/ qf; ;xg' k ¥of] . lagfk' h L{ k|x/Lx¿n] /ftL 3/sf] 9f]sf kmf]8L vfgtnf;sf] gfddf 3/df ePsf ;fdfg n} h fg] / nfg gx' g ] ;fdfgx¿ tf]8kmf]8 u/] . k|x/Lsf] cTofrf/n] hgtf 3/df ;'Tg ;Sb}gy] . ;f] e mf, l;wf hgtfdfly ePsf] cTofrf/lj¿4 dlxnfx¿ Psh" 6 eP . xfdL dlxnfx¿ cfkm\gf] 3/sf] ;'/Iffsf] lglDt dlxgf}“ lbg;Dd /flt 3/aflx/ cfuf] afn]/ hfu} a:of}“ . /fHo cftª\saf6 b'Mvdf k/]sf kLl8t dlxnfx¿ Pscfk;df glhs eP/ ;xof]uL ag]sf] If0f ce"tk"j{ lyof] . /fHosf] tkm{af6 @)$% c;f]h ! ut] zlgaf/ Pstlkm{ ;h{ldg eof] . jf:tljs 36gf aSg cfO/x]sf lbbL–alxgLx¿nfO{ k|x/Ln] 3]/f xfn]/ ;h{ldgdf ;xefuL x' g lbPg . k| x /Lsf] cTofrf/n] ;Ldf gf£of] . k|x/Ln] ;h{ l dgdf efu lng cfPsf dlxnfx¿dfly nf7L k|xf/ u¥of] .

3D;f3D;Ldf k|x/Lsf] nf7L k|xf/n]

eQmk'/ sf08 M lgbf]i{ fnfO{ bdg / k|lt/f]wsf] Hjfnf ql;t / kLl8t j8f g+= ( sf hgtf 5'df u0f]zsf] ‘Ifdf k"hf’ df lyP . cfkm\gf] >Ldfg\nufot :yfgLo kf6L{sf ;fyLx¿ ToxL ‘Ifdf k'hf’df a:g'ePsf] yfxf kfP“ . x\of]h"nfO{ 3'dfOPsf] af/] yk yfxf ePg . ef]lnkN6 d]/L cfdf s[i0fb]jL sf]h" rf]5]“af6 xfd|f] 3/ Aof;Ldf cfOk'Ug'eof] / eGg'eof], æx\of]h"nfO{ df/]sf] em"6f cf/f]k nufO{ kf6L{sf cWoIf gf/fo0fdfg lah'S5]“ -/f]lxt_ nufot w]/}nfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u¥of] . HjfO“sf] va/ s] 5 <Æ Tolta]nf pxf“ k|eft dfljdf laxfg k9fpg' klg x' G Yof] . laxfg pxf“ lgl:s;Sg'ePsf] lyof] . kf6L{sf s]xL ;fyLx¿ klg pxf“ s f] va/ a' e m\ g cfpg'eof] . laxfg pxf“ aflx/ hfg' / k|x/L cfOk'Ug' Ps–b'O{ ldg]6sf] dfq km/s lyof] . h:tf];'s} k|lts"n l:yltnfO{ ;fdgf ug]{ b/f] dg agfP/ 3/ a:of}“ . efb| !) ut] x\ o f] h " s f] zjofqfdf k~rx¿n] ‘/f]lxtnfO{ kmf“;L b]’ eGg] gf/f nufPsf] d}n] yfxf kfP“ . o;/L eQmk'/ sf08nfO{ k~rfotL ;/sf/n] xfd| f ] kf6L{lj?4 k|ltzf]wsf] d'2f agfof] . ef]lnkN6 d dfOtL rf]5]“ uP“ . / bfO;“u eg]“, æd ot} dfOtL a:5' .Æ efph"n] eGg'eof], ægfgL k~rx¿ ot} b'Mv lbg cfpnfg\ a? 3/d} kms{g" .Æ efph"sf] jrgn] dgdf clnslt lr;f] k:of] . pxf“sf] /fhgLlts r]tgfcg';f/ Tof] :jfefljs klg lyof] . zq'sf] ;fdgf ug{] ;fx; lnP/ d Aof;L 3/} kms]{“ . d]/L cfdf klg ;“u} a:g cfpg'ePsf] lyof] . 3/aflx/sf] kf6Ldf k|x/L b]v]/ cfdf /fte/ ;'Tg'ePg . d lbgel/ otfplt u/]sf] / aRrf ;fgf] ePsf]n] lgbfP“ . lem;ld;] laxfg x'g yfn]sf]

gf/fo0fb]jL ;'jfn lyof] . ToxL /flt k|x/L 3/df vfgtnf;L ug{ cfP . aflx/af6 cfjfh ;'lgof], æk|]d ;'jfnsf] 3/ oxL xf] .Æ k|x/L 9f]sf kmf]8]/ 3/leq l5/] . ;f;" cfdf rGb|dfof / ;;'/f xl/eQm ;'jfn v]tsf] 3/df ;'Tg'x'GYof] . b'O{ gGb /fds]z/L, nIdLs]z/Lsf ;fy 5f]/L ;hgf b'O{ 5f]/f ;'lgn / ljHj]n af]sL xfdL l:ylt ;fdgf ug{ tof/ eP/ a:of}“ . k|x/Ln] ;f]Wof], æk|d] ;'jfn vf]O <Æ d}n] yfxf 5}g eg]“ . æltdL >LdtL eP/ yfxf 5}g eGg kfOG5, kSs} yfxf 5, vf]O stf uof] <Æ, k|x/L s/fP . æcx“, dnfO{ t yfx} 5}g, stf hfg'eof] s]xL yfxf 5}gÆ, d}n] hjfkm kmsf{P“ . k|x/Ln] l5d]sLsf] 3/df ;d]t ;a}lt/ vf]h] . xfdL ;'t]sf] cf]5o\ fg ldnfpg EofPsL lyOg“ . k|x/LnfO{ nfUof] pxf“ -nf]Ug]_ ev{/ p7]/ hfg'eof] . pgLx¿ Pscfk;df s'/fsfgL ul//x]sf] ;'g]“, æk|]d ;'jfn ev{/ efu]sf] /}5 ¤Æ xfdL lgbf]{if xf}“ lsg efUg'k5{, xfdLn] g]kfnefiffdf hjfkm kmsf{of}“ . Tolta]nf

k|x/Lsf] a'6sf] cfjfh / ?vf] Jojxf/n] xfdL kLl8t lyof}“ . oL ;a} bdgdf oxf“sf hfnL km6fxfx¿s} xft /x]sf] yfxf kfof}“ . aflx/ hfnL km6fxf / k~rx¿n] xNnf rnfP, ænf]Ug] ;dfTg ;lsPg eg] >LdtLnfO{ eP klg k|x/Ln] ;dfT5, h]ndf nu]/ 5fnf sf9\5 / g'gr's nufp“5 ¤Æ d cfdfsL PSnL 5f]/L, cfdfnfO{ d]/f] ;'tf{n] ;tfof] . 6f]nsf xfd|f ;fyLx¿sf] ;xof]udf xfdL dg b/f] agfP/ zq';u“ n8\g tof/ eP/ a:of}“ .

3/ tf]8kmf]8 ul/Psf]n] slxn] kf6L, slxn] dfOtL t slxn] s;}sf] 3/df xfdL af; a:Yof] . k|x/L bdgsf] k|lt/f]w ug{ 6f]n –6f]ndf ;a} lbbLalxgL – bfh'e' fOx¿ 3/ cufl8 g} ;'Tg] qmd ;'? eof] . zq'sf] bdgnfO{ k|lt/f]w u/]sf] ;Dem“bf sltv]/ l;/fgL leHYof] kQ} x'GgYof] . km]l/ ;fx;sf ;fy dg xn'·f] kfy“]{ . pxf“ -nf]Ug]_ nufot kf6L{sf slt g]tf / sfo{stf{x¿ stf x'g'x'GYof] st}af6 ;"rgf kfOPsf] lyPg . k| x /L y' g fdf kg' { e Psf g] t f / sfo{stf{x¿;“u klg ;lhnf] e]63f6 x'g lbOPg . sl/a # dlxgfkl5 pxf“ st} e"ldut a:g'ePsf] va/ kfP“ . e"ldutd} Pslbg e] 6 eof] . cg' x f/ kx] “ n f] , b'AnfPh:tf] s:tf] s:tf] nfUof] ¤ pxf“n] eGg'eof], æzq'sf] s'/f ;'Gg' x'b“ g} , xfdL lgbf]i{ f xf},“ 8/fpg' kb{g} , hfnL km6fxfx¿sf] k/fho lglZrt 5 . To;kl5 k~rfotL bdgsf] k|lt/f]w ug{ yk ;fx; a6'n]“ .

Tof] lbgkl5 pxf“ stf hfg'eof], stf a:g'eof] s]xL yfxf ePg . k~rfotL bdgsf] k|lt/f]w ug{ kf6L{ s f lbbLalxgLx¿;“ u lgoldt ;Dks{df a:of}“ . kf6L{sf lbbLalxgLx¿n] dnfO{ ;/hldgsf]] 36gf, em"6f d'2flj?4 cfGbf] n gsf] ljifodf hfgsf/L

sof}“ dlxnf 3fOt] eP . PstkmL{ ;h{ldgsf] lj¿4df dlxnfx¿n] xg' d fg3f6b] l v uf] N d9L x' “ b } /fdem'k8L;Dd lj/f]w k|bz{g ub}{ lj/f]w;ef klg u/] . /fHo:t/af6 /lrPsf] if8\oGqsf] lj/f]wdf dlxnfx¿n] k6s–k6s df}g h'n';, d;fn h'n;' lgsfNg'sf ;fy} ;efx¿ klg u/] . o; 36gfaf6 xfdLn] hlt b'Mv / lk8f ef]Ug' k¥of] Tolt g} xfdLnfO{ b/f] / ;ª\ul7t agfof] . o;n] ubf{ zq'sf] cufl8 x6]/ xf]Og 86]/ n8\g] abnfsf] efjgf hfu[ t eof] . ;ª\ u l7t¿kdf dlxnfx¿ cufl8 a9\ g d2t ldNof] . r' n f] – rf} s f] d f l;ldt dlxnfx¿ tTsfnLg hfnL d' 2 flj¿4 ;8sdf pq] . sf7df8f} “ ; Dd k' u ] / jlsn, kqsf/nufot a'l4hLjLx¿aLrdf cfkm\gf] ;d:of /fVg cu|;/ eP . kmn:j¿k hfnL d' 2 flj¿4 pxf“x¿af6 klg ;lqmo ;xof]u ldNof] . pxf“x¿sf] ;xof]uk|lt cfh klg xfdL s[ t 1 5f} “ . hgcfGbf]ngn] k~rfotL Joj:yf ;dfKt eO{ ax'bn k'gM :yfkgf eof] . @)$& j}zfv % ut] ax'bn ;/sf/n] hfnL d' 2 f vf/] h ul/lbof] . b]zsf] jt{dfg l:yltsf] d"Nofª\sg ug]{ xf] eg] g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{lj¿4 cem} klg To:tf 36gf jf if8\oGq gbf] x f] l /Pnf eGg ;lsGg . o;sf/0f, xfdLn] ;bf ;r]t / ;ª\ul7t x'g'kg]{ cj:yf 5 . o:tf sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ub}{ gof“ k' : tfnfO{ ljutsf] b' M v / si6x¿af/] atfp“b} zq'x¿k|lt ;r]t /xg l;sfpg' h¿/L 5 .

lbg'x'GYof] . k~rfotL bdgsf] k|lt/f]w ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] Tolta]nf dnfO{ v]tdf sfd ug]{ hf“u/ klg ePg t/ gu/L ;'v} lyPg . lbg laTb} uPkl5 pxf“ e]if abn]/ v]tsf] 3/df k'Ug'eof] . Toxf“ a:g' klg vt/f b]lvPkl5 km]l/ pxf“ stf hfg'eof] yfx} ePg . 5f]/L ;hgf cln a'e\mg] eO;s]sL lyO{ . p;sf] k|Zg clxn] klg ;DemG5', æafaf lsg 3/df a:g'xG' g <Æ xfd|f] ;+:sf/cg';f/ 5f]/L ;hgfsf] a]nljjfx ug'{kg]{ eof] . /flt glrlgg] e]ifdf pxf“ 5f]/Lsf] ‘sGofbfg’sf] lgldQ 5f] 6 f] ;dosf] nflu a] n ljjfx:yn k'Ug'eof] . aL; dlxgf g} lj/f]wL / k~rx¿n] xfd|f] ;'/fsL lnO/x]sf lyP . eQmk'/ sf08sf] a]nf zq' / ldq lrGg d2t ldNof] . Tolta]nf kf6L{s} andf k9\g] n]Vg] cj;/ kfPsfx¿;d]t kf6L{sf] lj/f] w df sfuh u/L zq' s f] ;] j fdf nfu] s f] b] l vof] . k~rx¿n] æltd| f ] >Ldfg\nfO{ Pp6f ;fgf] x:tfIf/dfq ug'{ eGg" k|x/Ln] vf]Hb}g, o;/L b'Mv lb“b}gÆ eGg k7fP . o:tf] hfnL s'/f hfnL km6fxf / k~rx¿n] em" 6 f d' 2 fdf km;fOPsf ;a}h;f] kl/jf/hgnfO{ eGg EofPsf lyP . kf6L{ g]tf, sfo{stf{ / eQmk'/sf k"/} hgtfdfly bdg eO/x]sf] a]nf zq'sf] u'lnof]df nfUg] xf]Og lg8/ eP/ ;fdgf ug{] c7f]6 u/]“ . cGttM d'2f vf/]h eof] . t/, ;dfhsf hfnL, :jfyL{ / km6fxfx¿n] clxn] klg kf6L{ l j?4 nf~5gf nufpg 5f] 8 ] s f 5} g g\ . 5nsk6 u/L ;DklQ s'DNofpg]x¿af6 ;f]emf;Lwf hgtf clxn] klg 7luPsf / kLl8t 5g\ .

-@)&& efb| ( ut] ePsf] eQmk'/ sf08 sfnf] lbgsf] lj/f]w Pjd\ eT;{gf sfo{ q mddf JoQm dGtJo / alxgL ;'lgtf;“usf] yk s'/fsfgLsf] cfwf/df– ;+=_

!^ ebf} @)&&

%

(1 Sept. 2020)

sfg'g M xfdL ;a}sf] ;/f]sf/

e|i6frf/sf nflu ;/sf/ ¤ /fdk|;fb k|hfklt of] ;ftf klg g] k fn ;/sf/n] lgo'lQm ug{] s]xL kbsf nflu ljjflbt kfqx¿ r'g]sf] ljifon] rrf{ kfof] . æ;d[ l 4sf] gf/f nfPsf] cf]nL ;/sf/n] ;DwL Nofof]Æ eGg]b]lv cf]nL ;/sf/sf dGqL O{Zj/ kf]v/]nsf] ‘6\ofª\sLdf k};f’ ;Ddsf] s'/fn] rrf{ kfof] . tfklg z'qmaf/ ltg} ;DwL pk]Gb| sf]O/ fnfnfO{ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}°sf] cWoIfdf lgo'lQm ul/of] . pgsf] of] ;ftf}“ ;/sf/L lgo'lQm /x]5 ¤ Gofofnodf GofofwLz lgo' l Qm klg k| f oh;f] o:t} ljjflbt aGg] u/]sf] 5 . 1fgsf] s]Gb| ljZjljBfnox¿, /fhb"t, ljleGg ;+j}wflgs cfof]ux¿df x'g] lgo'lQm ;QfkIf / k|ltkIfsf] efua08fdf x'g] u/]sf] ;~rf/ dfWoddf tYo;lxt cfPs} xf] . &) s/f]8 sf08sf sf/0f /fhLgfdf lbg afWo cf] n L ;/sf/sf k" j { d GqL uf] s ' n af“:sf]6f klg cfkm"nfO{ ;/sf/L k|ltj]bgn] rf]VofPsf] bfjL ub}{ 5g\ . sf]/f]gf dxfdf/Lsf ;dodf ;d] t hgtfsf] hLjgnfO{ k|fyldstfdf g/fvL ;/sf/n]

cfk\mgfnfO{ 7]Ssf / sld;g, ;Qf / lgo'lQm lbgd} w]/} ;do latfO/ x]sf] 5 . hfkfgsf k|wfgdGqL cf]a]n] cfkmgf] c:j:ytfsf sf/0f /fhLgfdf lbP . g] k fndf eg] k|wfgdGqL cf]nL c:j:y x'“bfx'“b} klg k|wfgdGqL kbdf 5g\ . of] rrf{ klg clxn] Jofks aGb} 5 . :yfgLo ;/sf/df e| i 6frf/ ‘ufp“ – ufp“df l;+xb/af/’ sf] gf/fn] hgtfsf] ;/sf/ xf]Og, e|i6frf/Lx¿ ufp“– ufp“ k'u]sf] ;a}n] cg'ej ub}}{ 5g\ . clVtof/ b' ? kof] u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] ut @)&^ k'; @* ut] :yfgLo txdf x'g] e|i6frf/;DaGwL cWoog k|ltj]bg k| s flzt u¥of] . k| l tj] b g cWoog ubf{ ‘b"wsf] ;fIfL la/fnf]’ eg] e m} “ ;/sf/s} efua08fdf lgo'lQm kfPsf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] lgb]{zgadf]lhd pQm k|ltj]bg ag]sf] k|:6 b]lvG5 . :yfgLo tx -:yfgLo ;/sf/_ df 3'; lng], cltl/Qm /sdsf] dfu ug]{, ;fdflhs tyf ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] b'?kof]u ug] { , sfddf l9nfO ug] { , ;fj{hlgs sf]ifsf] b'?kof]u ug]{, sd{rf/Ln] clwsf/sf] b'?kof]u ug]{, cgfjZos sfuhft dfUg], /fd|/L ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L tyf k|ltlqmof glbg], ;dodf sfof{no gcfpg] , cfPklg s' ; L{ d f ga:g]h:tf e|i6frf/sf :j¿kx¿

/x]sf] pQm k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . e|i6frf/ a9\g'sf] sf/s tŒjx¿df e|i6frf/LnfO{ sf/afxL gx'g', /fhgLlts ;+/If0f kfpg', r'gfjdf w]/} k};f vr{ ug'{ /x]sf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . t/, cWoog k|ltj]bgcg';f/ pQ/bftfx¿dWo] @ k| l tztn] dfq} clVtof/ b' ? kof] u cg' ; Gwfg cfof] u df ph'/L ug]{ u/]sf] / af“sL (* k| l tztn] clxn] ; Dd ph' / L gu/]sf] kfOof] . gLltd} ;d:of e| i 6frf/ lgjf/0f P] g @)%( sf] bkmf # n] 3'; lng] lbg]nfO{ ;hfo;DaGwL Joj:yf u/]sf] kfOG5 . h;df Ps s/f]8 ¿k}of“eGbf a9L hlt;'s} ePklg cf7 jif{b]lv bz jif{;Dd s}b x'g] Joj:yf 5 . To;}n] 3'; lng] / lbg] b'j} kIfnfO{ w]/} /sd 3'; lng k|f]T;fxg x'g] b]lvG5 . cyf{t\ sddfq ;hfosf] sfg' g L Joj:yfd} sdhf] / L /x] s f] b] l vG5 .

To;}n] g]dlskfsf ;f+;b k]d| ;'jfnn] ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg u/]/} ePklg d[To'b08sf] ;hfo x'g] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ hf]8bf/ dfu ub}{ cfpg'ePsf] 5 .

To:t} ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf %) df ;DklQ ljj/0f;DaGwL Joj:yf ul/Psf] kfOG5 . h;cg' ; f/ ;fj{ h lgs kb wf/0f u/] s f]

JolQmn] To:tf] kb wf/0f u/]sf] ldltn] ^) lbgleq / x/]s cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] ^) lbgleq cfkm\ g f] / cfkm\ g f] kl/jf/sf] gfddf /x]sf] ;DklQsf] >f]t jf lg:;f ;lxtsf] ljj/0f k]z ug'{kg]{ sfg'gL Joj:yf 5 . t/, Jojxf/df of] sfg' g L Joj:yfsf] kfngf lgs} lkmtnf] x'g] u/] s f] 5 . o;sf b' O { j6f dxŒjk"0f{ sf/0f 5g\ . ;/sf/L sd{rf/Lsf] ;DklQ a9]sf] jf 36]sf] n]vfhf]vf ug]{ s'g} k|fjwfg gx'g' / s'g cg'kftdf a9]sf] ;DklQnfO{ sfg'gL dfGotf lbg] eGg] lgod gx' g ' ;fy} ;hfo;DaGwL Joj:yf k|efjsf/L gx' g ' .

To;}u/L ;fj{hlgs vl/b lgodfjnL @)^$ sf] lgod *@ df ;f] e m} jftf{ a f6 @) nfv ¿k}of“;Ddsf] k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug{ # j6f k| : tfj eP k' U g] sfg'gL Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . t/, s'g lsl;dsf] dfWodaf6 ;"rgf k|sflzt ug{] eGg]af/] pNn]v gx'“bf klg e|i6frf/ a9\g] u/]sf] kfOG5 . ;f]xL lgodfjnLsf] lgod (& df Ps s/f]8 ¿k}of“;Ddsf] nfut cg'dfg ePsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ pkef]Qmf ;ldlt jf nfeu|fxL ;d'bfoaf6 u/fpg ;lsg] sfg'gL k|fjwfg 5 . ‘kf/bzL{tfsf] 6fk'’ eg]/ lrlgg] eQmk'/ gu/kflnsf h:tf]

:yfgLo ;/sf/ afx]ssf cGo :yfgLo ;/sf/sf hgk|ltlglwx¿sf nflu of] sfg'gL Joj:yf ‘dfuL vfg] ef“8f]’, r'gfjL vr{ c;'Ng] cj;/ x'g] u/]sf] kfOG5 .

7] s ] b f/d} q L sfg' g ;f] x L lgod (& sf] pklgod ( df pkef]Qmf ;ldlt jf nfeu| f xL ;d' b foaf6 ;~rflnt x'g] lgdf{0f sfo{df nf]8/, PS;fe]6/, /f]n/, 8f]h/, u|]8/ lj6'ldg l8l:6«Ao'6/h:tf x]eL d]l;g k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] 5}g egL ‘rf]/nfO{ rf}tf/L, ;fw'nfO{ ;'nL’ eGg] pvfg h:t} agfOlbPsf] kfOG5 . kf/bzL{ / Odfgbf/Lk"j{s sfd ug] { pkef] Q mf ;ldlt / :yfgLo ;/sf/nfO{ pQm Joj:yf cK7]/f] 5 eg] sfd gu/L k};f vfg] e|i6frf/L tyf 7]Ssfk§fsf Jofkf/L / ljrf}lnofx¿sf nflu kmfObfhgs 5 . ;fy} , :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;~rfng P]g @)&$ df :yfgLo txdf of] h gf 5gf] 6 sf] :ki6 dfkb08 gx'g', of]hgf th{'dfb]lv sfof{ G jog;Dd Jofks hg;xeflutf ;'lglZrt gx'g' klg e|i6frf/ a9\g'sf] sf/0f aGg] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . e| i 6frf/sf nflu ;/sf/ ¤ ;/sf/n] e| i 6frf/ lgoGq0fsf nflu agfPsf oL dfly pNn] l vt P] g sfg' g df /x] s f

sdLsdhf]/Lsf sf/0fn] dfq} klg e|i6frf/ a9]sf] eg] kSs} xf]Og .

P] g sfg' g t ‘c¿nfO{ lgoGq0f ug]{ ;/sf/sf] xltof/’ dfq} xf] . tL P]g sfg'g s;sf] lxtdf agfpg] u/] s f] 5 < ;/sf/sf] lgot cyf{t\ ;/sf/df uPsf bnx¿n] s:tf] /fhgLlts Joj:yf / s;sf] kmfObfsf] nflu sfd ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ < eGg] s'/f dxŒjk"0f{ x'G5 . d'¶Le/sf bnfn 7]s]bf/, t:s/, s/5nL ug]{ Jofkf/Lx¿sf k};f lnP/ zf;s bnx¿n] r'gfj lht]sfn], r'gfj lht]kl5 ltg} Jofkf/Lsf O;f/fdf tL Jofkf/Lsf klg ‘;/bf/’ lj:tf/jfbL tyf ;fd|fHojfbLx¿sf] lxtdf sfd ug{ ltgLx¿n] eg] a df] l hdsf] P] g sfg' g agfpg] u/] s fn] g} e|i6frf/ a9]sf] / Jofks hgtfn] emg\ emg\ b' M v kfPsf x' g \ . k'“hLjfbL b]z g]kfndf e|i6frf/ /f]Sg xf]Og, e|i6frf/ ug{ ;/sf/ u7g x'g] u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

To;}n] k'“hLjfbL Joj:yf Jofks hgtf / b] z sf] ;fj{ef}ldstf /Iffsf] nflu eGbf klg cfkm\gf] ‘dflns’ sf] :jfy{ k"/f ug{sf nflu sfd ug]{ Joj:yf ePsf]n] ;f]xLadf]lhd P]g sfg'g th'{df x'g] ub{5 . ctM o;sf] lj/f]wdf Jofks hgtf juL{o / /fhg}lts¿kdf ;r]t / ;·l7t eO{ e|i6frf/sf nflu aGg] ;/sf/ / k'“hLjfbL /fHo;Qfsf lj?4 ;ª\ 3 if{ ug' { cfjZos 5 . e| i 6frf/Lx¿nfO{ cfhLjg sf/fjf;b]lv ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg u/]/ d[To'b08;Ddsf] ;hfo x'g] Joj:yf ug'{k5{ . !# efb| @)&&

efb| ( -eQmk'/ sf08_ af6 kf7 l;Sg' h?/L 5 . sfG5f k5fl8 /Kkm' e/]sf] ‘kf]ln:6/’ sf] kfOG6, s'lxgfdf Kjfn k/]sf] ;6{ nufP/ xfQL5fk rKkn k8\sfp“b} ;fyLx¿;“u xtf/–xtf/ ‘Ujfl6nf’ k'Ubf o'4 lht]em}“ nfUYof] . lsgeg], cufl8 k'Ug] JolQmx¿ 6«ssf] x'8 -5t_ df r9\g kfOGYof] . 5tdf a:g kfp“bfsf] cfgGb / km'lt{ a]Un} x'GYof] . l9nf] cfpg]x¿ 5td'lg vf“lbP/ a:g'kYof]{ . tn a:g]x¿n] aflx/sf] b[Zo /fd|/L b]Vg kfpGgy] . g]kfnsf] emG8f, ufp“ k~rfotsf] Aofg/ / afhf ufhf cfO;s]kl5 6«s cufl8 a9\of] . 6«sdf dfG5] sf]rfsf]r u/]/ a:y] . k~rx¿n] tTsfnLg /fhfsf] hGdf]T;j dgfpg b]zsf ljleGg :yfgaf6 sf7df8f}“sf] 6'“l8v]ndf dfG5] hDdf ug]{ k/Dk/f lyof] . ufp“ k~rfotsf kbflwsf/Lx¿ / sd{rf/L t clgjfo{ g} x'Gy] . hf] hf] /fheQm lyP tL ;a} hfGy] . xfdL eg] 6«s r9\g] /x/n] sf7df8f}“ k'UYof}“ .

To;a]nf #÷$ sIffd} /fhf/fgLsf jL/ufyf, dxfgtfaf/] k9fO x'GYof] . ;dfh kl/jt{gsf] j}1flgs lzIff, /fhg}lts qmflGtsf af/] t xfdL cglj1 g} lyof}“ . ‘uf]kL s[i0f sf]’ eGg]h:tf ;'uf /6fOsf] k9fOn] xfd|f] dgdf /fhf/fgL dxfg\ x'g\ eGg] kg'{ / dxfg\ /fhf/fgLsf] cg'xf/ Ps emns x]g]{ OR5f /fVg' klg :jefljs} lyof] . ‘xfd|f] /fhf xfd|f] b]z k|f0feGbf Kof/f] 5 ¤’, ‘>L % a8fdxf/fhlw/fh cd/ /x"g\ ¤’, ‘>L % a8fdxf/fgL cd/ /x"g\ ¤’, ‘k~rfotL Joj:yf lhGbfjfb ¤’ eGg] h:tf gf/f k~rx¿n] tof/ kf/]sf x'Gy] . af6f]el/ ToxL gf/f nufp“b} 6«s cufl8 a9\Yof] . ljleGg ufp“, gu/af6 cfPsf To:tf 6«sx¿sf] nfOg af6f] e l/ b] l vGYof] . xfdL 5tdf a;] / To:t} b[ Z ofjnf] s g uYof} { “ . sf] 6 ] Z j/b] l v dLgejg– afg]Zj/lt/ t hfd} x'GYof] . xfdL ToxL hfd, ToxL sf]nfxn, ToxL eL8 b]v/] dVv kYof},“{ /dfp“Yof}“ . ;lxbu]6df k'Ubf xhf/f}“ dflg;n] ;8s 9fls;s]sf x'Gy] . h'n'; ToxL“af6 ;'? x'GYof] . cf– cfkm\gf] ufp“ k~rfotsf] Aofg/k5fl8 nfOg s;]/ afhfufhf tyf ljleGg ;f+:s[lts emf“sLsf ;fy h'n;' df ;xefuL ePsf] ;Demgf 5 . a8f] pT;fxsf

;fy h'n;' ;lxbu]6af6 jL/ c:ktfn–ef]6flx6L x'b“ } /Tgkfs{ s] k'uY] of] afuahf/tkm{sf] s'gfaf6 Ps x'n dflg;n] ‘k~rfotL Joj:yf d'bf{jfb ¤’, ‘ax'bnLo Joj:yf lhGbfjfb ¤’ eGb} h'n;' dfly 9'ªu\ f a;f{pg yfn] . h'n'; PsfPs ltt/lat/ eof] . Psl5g t xfdL klg htfaf6 9'·f cfof] pt} kmls{P/ k|ltsf/df plqof}“ . ufp“s} Pshgf sfsf cfP/ ‘ltdL km'Rr]x¿ o:tf] x'nbª\ufdf s] u/]/ a:of, nf} lx“8 ¤’ eGb} kfv'/f ;dft]/ jL/ c:ktfntkm{ kmsf{P/ ;lxbu]6 k'¥ofP . clg cfPs} 6«sdf a:of}“ .

6«sdf a;]kl5 xfdLn] tL sfsf;“u ;f]Wof}“ æsfsf ltgLx¿n] h'n;' df lsg 9'ªu\ f xfg]sf] < clg tL 9'ªu\ f xfGg]x¿ sf] x'g\ <Æ sfsfn] æltgLx¿ k~rfotL Joj:yf 9fNgnfO{ 9' ª \ u f xfGg] cfGbf]ngsf/Lx¿ x'gÆ\ eg]/ hjfkm lbg'eof] . xfdLn] hLjgdf klxnf]kN6 ‘cfGbf]ng’ sf] af/]df ;'gs ] f lyof}“ . cfGbf]ng eg]sf] o:tf] x'b“ f]/x]5 eGg] klxnf]kN6 b]Vof}“ . t/, xfdLnfO{ k~rfotL Joj:yf 9fn]/ s] x'g] xf], s] gx'g] xf], s]xL yfxf lyPg . ;f“em 3/ k'Uof}“ . ;f“em cfGbf]ngsf/Laf6 8/ b]vfpg / ;ts{ u/fpg k~rx¿ 3/ 3/df cfOk'u] . plta]nf xfd|f] 6f]n k"/} k~rx¿sf] sAhfdf lyof] . s'g} /fhgLlts bnsf] k|efj lyPg . 6f]ns} 6f7faf7fn] ufp“k~rfot klg rnfPsf lyP . ufp“df k9]nv ] s ] fx¿ 5“b} lyPgg\ eGbf klg x'GYof] . r'gfjsf] a]nf Pshgf k~rn] htf eGof] pt} ;a}sf] dt hfGYof] . /fhg}lts r]tgf s;}df lyPg . h;df lyof], pm k~rx¿sf] 8/n] r'k a:Yof] . xfdL Psb'Oh { gf $÷% sIffb]lv g} eQmk'/ gu/df k9\g hfGYof}“ . To;sf/0f, k~rx¿nfO{ xfdLb]lv 8/ /x]5 . b}lgsh;f] k~rx¿ xfd|f] 3/df a'em\g cfp“y] . ;fg} ePklg cfGbf]ngsf/Lx¿;“u nfUnf eGg] zª\sf pgLx¿df /x]5 . ‘af6f]df krf{ kmfn]sf] /x]5 eg] gl6Kg"’, ‘krf{ l6k]sf] b]Vof] eg] k'ln;n] ;dft]/ y'G5’, ‘:s"n hfg", a]ns ' f st} guO{ v'?Ss 3/ cfpg"’ eg]/ xfdLnfO{ ;Demfp“y] . cfGbf]ngsf/Lx¿sf] af/]df gfgfef“tLsf unt s'/f xfd|f] lbdfudf el/lbGy] . To;}n] xfdL pgLx¿sf]

cf1fkfns eP/ 3/af6 :s"n, :s"naf6 3/ uYof},“{ cGt nfUb}gYof}“ . lsgeg], xfdLdfly k~rx¿sf] s8f lgu/fgL x'GYof] .

Tolta]nf eQmk'/df ‘/f]lxt’ gfdsf] lgs} rrf{ lyof] . k~rx¿n] ufp“df ‘/f]lxt’ sf] af/]df cg]s xNnf lkm“hfPsf lyP . ‘/f]lxt Hofgdf/f xf]’, ‘p;n] dfG5] df5{’ ‘pm vt/gfs 5’, ‘p;sf] ;ª\u7gn] x\of]hn" fO{ df¥of]’, ‘5ftfn] 3f]r/] , An]8n] lr/]/ g'g v';f{gL bNof]’, ‘gfs, sfg, uf]Ko cª\u sf6]/ df¥of]’ h:tf aa{/ / qm'/ lrq0f ug]{ u/L k|rf/ uy]{ . Tof] k|rf/n] ;f/f 6f]njf;Ldf ‘/f]lxt’ Hofgdf/f, qm'/ cfk/flws k|jl[ Qsf] JolQm eGg] 5fk k/]sf] lyof] . xfdLn] ‘/f]lxt’ nfO{ slxNo} b]v]sf lyPgf}“ . ‘/f]lxt’ sf] kmf]6f] klg b]vs ] f lyPgf}“ . k~rx¿sf] s'/f ;'g/] dgdgdf ‘/f]lxt’ sf] lrq sf]Yof}“{ . ‘xft kfv'/f 7"nf] ePsf], 8/nfUbf], chª\usf] JolQm’, ‘g/fd|f] dfG5]’ / ‘/f]lxt’sf] ;ª\u7g klg To:t} xf]nf eGg] nfUbYof] . oxL sf/0f :s"n cjlwe/ xfdL ‘/f]lxt’ sf] ;Dks{df slxNo} cfPgf}“ . k~rx¿n] xfd|f] lbdfunfO{ dHhfn] e'6]sf lyP . @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngkl5 b]zdf ax'bn cfof] . k~rfotL Joj:yf lrxfgdf eid eO;s]sf] lyof] . ;dfhdf ljleGg /fhgLlts bnx¿n] v'n/] ultljlw ug{ yfn] . s]xL jif{ lat]kl5 lxhf]sf k~rx¿ ‘d/]sf] nf;af6 pl5l§Psf] plkof“’ h:t} pl5l§P/ ljleGg /fhgLlts bndf cf>o lng k'u] . ca, pgLx¿ ‘ho g]kfn’ sf] gf/f nufp“b} sfª\u;]| ag], sf]xL ‘nfn;nfd sfd/]8’ eGb} d'¶L s;]/ Pdfn] ag] . kf6L{ 7"nf] agfpg] gfp“df sfª\u;]| , Pdfn] klg lxhf]sf zq' k~rx¿nfO{ k/d ldq agfpg]tkm{ nfu] . s:tf] crDd ¤ h;sf] lj?4 ;ª\3if{ u¥of] pxL k/d ldq, pg} g]tf ¤ clg p:t} sfd ax'bnLo k|hftGqdf klg ¤ k'/fgf k~rx¿n] 6f]n6f]ndf sfª\u;]| , Pdfn]sf] gfdn] km]l/ lgoGq0f ug{ vf]h] . pgLx¿ hxf“ uof], xfdL ToxL“ hfg'kg],{ pgLx¿n] h] u/]klg xfdLn] dfGg'kg]{ s'/f xfdLnfO{ lrQ a'em]g . xfdLn] km/s ljrf/ /fVof}“ . k'/fgf k~r g x'g–\ xfd|f] km/s egfO /

u/fO pgLx¿nfO{ kr]g . xfd|f] cfb]z gdfGg] eg]/ xfdLdfly cfqmd0f eof] . xfdLnfO{ k'/fg} 9ª\un] zf]if0f ug{ vf]lhof] . xfdLn] k|ltjfb u¥of}“ . xfdLn] s'6fO vfof}“, abnfdf s'6\of}“ klg ¤ ldlt 7\ o fSs} ofb ePg . ;DejtM @)%@÷)%# ;fnlt/ x'gk' 5{, d g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{ 5flnªsf] kf6L{ cWoIfsf] ;Dks{df k'u“] . Pslbg pxf“n] cfbz{ cfhfb :s"ndf ePsf] sfo{qmddf n}hfg'eof] . ;+of]un] pQm lbg sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly g]dlskfsf cWoIf gf/fo0fdfg lah'S5]“ -/f]lxt_ x'gx' G' Yof] . sf= /f]lxtnfO{ d}n] klxnf]kN6 ToxL“ b]vs ] f] x' “ . :s'n] hLjgdf sNkgf u/]sf] ‘8/nfUbf], chª\u’ sf] dfG5]eGbf 7\ofSs} ljk/Lt xf]rf] sb, ;fgf] lhp8fn ePsf] ;fwf/0f dflg;h:t} ¤ d t Psl5g cndndf k/]“ . xf]Og ls h:tf] klg nfUof] . kl5 dgdg} xf“;“] – k~rx¿sf] k|efjn] lbdfudf s:tf] lrq sf]g{ k'u]5' sf= /f]lxtsf] eg]/ ¤ To; sfo{qmddf pxf“n] sfdbf/ju{sf] kIfdf JoQm ug'e{ Psf] ljrf/, /fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o /fhgLltsf] af/]df ug'e{ Psf] ;l6s ljZn]if0f, b]zelQmk"0f{ dGtJo, e|i6frf/lj?4 lbg'ePsf] egfOaf6 cToGt k|efljt eP“ . zfob, Tof] lbg g} g]dlskfsf] ;ª\u7gdf cfa4 x'g] d]/f] k|f/De laGb' lyof] . plta] n f k~rx¿n] ‘/f] l xt’ sf] pl5tf] rfxGy] . tTsfnLg g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg ;ª\u7gnfO{ t h/}b]lv pv]n]/ kmfNg vf]h]sf] @)$% ;fnsf] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ cWoogkl5 1ft x'G5 . ax'bnk5fl8 sfª\u;]| , Pdfn]nufotsf bnx¿n] klg g]dlskfnfO{ zq'tfk"0f{ Jojxf/ ug{ 5f]8s ] f 5}gg\ . clxn] klg ufp“ufp“df g]dlskf ;fgf] kf6L{, Hofk"sf] kf6L{, ufp“ gx] g ] { kf6L{ eg] / b' i k| r f/ ug{ kl5 kb} { g g\ . g]dlskflj?4 tL bnx¿ clxn]klg Ps x'G5g\ . e| i 6frf/df r' n ' { D d 8' a ] s fx¿nfO{ g] d lskfsf] lgisnª\s ¿k lrQ a'em\b}g . o;y{, g]dlskfsf g]tf sfo{stf{x¿dfly km]l/ klg if8\oGq gxf]nf eGg ;lsGg . efb| ( -eQmk'/ sf08_ af6 kf7 l;Sg' h?/L 5 .

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So'jfsf ;'?sf ;}lgs lrlsT;sx¿–!

8g lkm6\h So'jfn] ;g\ !(^) sf] bzsdf klxnf] k6s clk|msf k7fPsf] ;}lgs lrlsT;sx¿sf] 6f]nL uf]Ko lyof] . So'jf ;/sf/sf] ;aeGbf pRr txnfO{ dfq To;af/] yfxf lyof] . jf:tjdf PSsfO;f}“ ztfAbLsf] ;'?;Dd klg of] s'/f ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] lyPg . ;a–;xf/f If]qdf Tolta]nf ePsf ;ª\3if{df ;fd]n aGg So'jfnfO{ cg]sf}“ sf/0fn] cfslif{t u/]sf] lyof] . klxnf] sf/0f, Tolta]nf ;+;f/e/ hgcfGbf]ngsf] pef/ p7]sf] lyof] . ;+/f cd]l/sL gful/s clwsf/ cfGbf]ngdf leotgfd o'4sf] lj/f]w ug]{ nfvf}“ hgtf klg ;fd]n ePsf lyP . ;g\ !(^) sf] h"g dlxgfdf hfP/n] a]lNhodaf6 :jtGqtf xfl;n u¥of] . hglk|o k]l6«; n'd'Daf Toxf“sf k|yd k|wfgdGqL ag] . ;g\ !(^@ df k|mfG;]nL pklgj]zjfbdfly /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{n] ljho xfl;n u¥of] . ljhokl5 cxd]b a]g a]Nnf cNh]l/ofsf k|yd /fi6«klt ag] . ;g\ !(^^ sf] cu:6df rLgdf k'h“ Ljfbsf] ljsf;nfO{ bafpg dfcf] T;] t'ªsf] g]tT[ jdf dxfg\ ;j{xf/f ;f+:s[lts qmflGt eof] . ;g\ !(^* sf] d] dlxgfdf k|mfG;df 7"nf] jfdkGyL cfGbf]ng p7\of] . k|mfG;sf] Tof] ;ª\3if{ Toxf“sf] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] ;d]t yfDg ;s]sf] lyPg .

Tolta]nf So'jfsf] ljb]z gLltnfO{ To:tf] cfsf/ lbg] bf];f| ] sf/0f ;+/f cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb lyof] . b'O{ bzscl3 ;+/f cd] l /sfn] lx/f] l ;df / gfuf;fsLdf cfkm\gf] kf/df0fljs zlQmsf] k/LIf0f ul/;s]sf] lyof] . cl3Nnf] bzs ;+/f cd] l /sfn] pQ/ sf] l /ofdf s' n hg;ª\Vofsf] emG8} @) k|ltztsf] xTof u/]sf] lyof] . Ujf6]dfnfdf hfsf]af] ca]G{ h g]t[Tjsf] k|ultzLn ;/sf/nfO{ ;+/f cd]l/sL s]Gb|Lo u'Ktr/ ljefu ;LcfO{Pn] ckb:y u/]sf] lyof] . So'jfnLx¿sf] lbdfudf ;g\ !(^! df hf]g / aAaL s]g]8Lsf] if8\oGqd"ns ‘a] cfkm lkU; xdnf’ / ;g\ !(^@ sf] ‘ld;fOn ;°6’ tfh} lyof] . ToxL a]nf ;LcfO{Pn] Psflt/ ljif k|of]u u/L n'dD' afsf] xTof ug{ /0fgLlt a'lg/x]sf] lyof] eg] csf]{lt/ lkm8]n Sof:6«fs ] f] klg xTofsf k|of; eO/x]sf lyP . Nofl6g cd]l/sfdfly pklgj]zjfbL ;f]r af]ss ] f lng8g hf]g;gn] ;g\ !(^% df 8f] l dlgsg u0f/fHodfly sAhf hdfPsf lyP .

ToxL a]nf ;f]leot ;ª\3n] klg e/kbf] { ldqsf] Jojxf/ ul//x] s f] lyPg . ;f]leot ;ª\3n] g sf]l/ofdf n8\g s'g} ;]gf k7fof] g leotgfddf g} . ;g\ !(^$ df 6glsg vf8Lsf] 36gfkl5 ;+ / f cd] l /sfn] cfkm\ g f] cj:yfnfO{ lgs} alnof] agfO;Sbf klg ;f]leot ;ª\3n] leotgfddf ;xof]u ug] { s' g } cu| ; /tf b] v fPsf] lyPg . lglstf v' | Z r] e n] lkm8] n Sof:6« f ] / cfkm\ g f] pQ/flwsf/L lncf] l g8 a| ] e mg] e ;“ u ;d] t s' g } ;/;Nnfx g} gu/L ld;fOn ;°6nfO{ cfkm"v'zL 6'·f] nufPkl5 So' j fn] cfkm\ g f] x} l ;ot ;f] l eot df] r f{ s f] lrgL pTkfbs ;xof]uL b]z dfq ePsf] cg'ej u¥of] .

To;dfly Nofl6g cd]l/sL sDo'lg:6 kf6L{x¿n] qmflGtaf/] So'jfsf] ‘kmf]sf] l;4fGt’ -u' l /Nnf o' 4 sf] l;4fGt_ :jLsf/]sf lyPgg\ . Nofl6g cd]l/sL sDo' l g:6 kf6L{ x ¿n] ;x/L sfdbf/ hgtfsf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ hf]8 lbGy] eg] So' j fnL g] t [ T j ;z:q ;ª\ 3 if{ d fkm{ t ufp“x¿nfO{ cfwf/ If]q agfpg] /0fgLltdf ljZjf; uYof]{ . r] Uj]ef/fn] eg]sf 5g\, æb[9lgZroL, hgtfsf] ;dy{g k|fKt / dg{bl] v slt klg g8/fpg] dflg;x¿sf] ;fgf] ;d"xn] s'g} klg lgoldt ;]gfnfO{ k/flht ug{;S5 . So'jfnL qmflGtsf]

lzIff oxL xf] .Æ Nofl6g cd]l/sfsf b]zx¿df eGbf km/s clk|msL b]zx¿df u'l/Nnf o'4k|lt ljdlt /fVg] s'g} :yflkt sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ alg;s]sf] lyPg . So'jfsf] sDtLdf PsltxfO hg;ª\ V of clk| m sL d" n sf ePsf]n] So'jfnL g]tfx¿ k|zfGt dxf;fu/ gf3]/ clk|msf hfg'kg]{ lgisif{df k'u] . clk| m sfdf ;fsf/ ePsf] cfzf ;+/f cd]l/sfn] So'jfnfO{ PSNofpg] nuftf/ k|of; ul//x\of] . tyflk, ;g\ !(^$ ;Dddf clk|msL b]zx¿ cNh]l/of, OlhK6, 3fgf, lugL, dfnL, df]/f]Ssf] / tfGhflgofdf So'jfsf b"tfjf; :yfkgf eO;s]sf lyP . ;g\ !(^! sf] hgj/Ldf df]O;] ;f]Da]sf ;fyLx¿n] n'dD' afsf] xTof u/] . ;g\ !(^$ df n'd'Dafsf ;fyLx¿ ‘b ;fDaf;’ -l;+x_ n] u'l/Nnf ;ª\3if{ yfngL u/] . ‘b ;fDaf;’ x¿sf] ;ª\3if{df alnof] qmflGtsf/L ;fdYo{ lyof] / To;n] ;/sf/L kmf}hnfO{ cfR5'cfR5' agfof] . ;g\ !(^$ sf] l8;]Da/df r]n] cNh]l/of, 3fgf, s·f], lugL, dfnL, a]lgg, tfGhflgof / OlhK6sf] tLg dlxgf nfdf] ofqf u/] . clk| m sfdf qmflGtsf/L ultljlwsf] g]tT[ j cfkm}n] ug]{ ;f]rsf ;fy r]n] pko'Qm /0fgLltsf] ljsf; ug'{sf ;fy} ;f] If] q sf :jtGqtf cfGbf]ngsf/Lx¿;“u ;Demf}tf u/] . ;g\ !(^% sf] hgj/Ldf tfGhflgofsf g]tfx¿;“usf] e]63f6df r]n] ;fDaf ljb|fx] Lx¿af6 l;Sg ;lsg] kf7df hf]8 lb“b} hfP/nfO{ u'l/Nnf tflndsf] s]Gb| agfpg] of]hgf k|:tfj u/] . clk|msL g]tfx¿n] r]sf] ;f] k|:tfjk|lt ljdlt /fv] . ;a} clk|msL g]tfx¿ tflnd s]Gb| cfkm\g} b]zdf x'g'kg]{ rfxgf /fVy] . r]n] clk|msfsf ljleGg ;·7gsf g]tfx¿nfO{ hlt glhsaf6 lrGg yfn], pgL Tolt g} lg/fz eP . clk| m sL kf6L{x¿sf g]tT[ jaf/] pgn] n]vs ] f 5g\, æpgLx¿ cf/fdbfoL xf]6]nx¿df a:y] . pgLx¿n] ljb|fx] nfO{ g} kmfObfhgs k]zf agfO;s]sf lyP .Æ n8fO“sf] e"lddf r]sf] cfz°f k'li6 eof] M ær];dIf n8\g pT;'s tflndk|fKt xhf/f}“ ;fDaf; n8fs"x¿ ePsf] atfOof] . t/, jf:tjdf Toxf“ ! xhf/b]lv !% ;o;Dd 5/k:6 ljb|fx] Lx¿ lyP . pgLx¿ s;}nfO{ klg cfw'lgs xftxltof/;DaGwL 1fg lyPg . pgLx¿sf] g s'g} PsLs[t g]t[Tj g} lyof] . :sfpl6ª 6f]nLx¿n] klg df]rf{af6 s'g} /fd|f] va/ NofPsf lyPgg\ . cN5L ljb|fx] Lx¿ ;a} lagf sfd al;/x]sf lyP . pgLx¿nfO{ xltof/ s;/L rnfpg] eGg] ljifodf s'g} 1fg lyPg . g t pgLx¿nfO{ xdnf ug]{ jf cfkm\gf] k|lt/Iffsf] nflu s'g} sfd ug]{ hf“u/ g} lyof] . ;a}lt/ c/fhstf, cGof]n / cg'zf;gxLgtfsf] cj:yf lyof] .Æ hfP/af6 klg So'jfnL g]tf, ;]gf / lrlsT;sx¿n] lg/fzfsf va/ k7fp“ y ] . hfP/df ;g\ !(^% sf] gf]eD] a/df ;QfsAhfkl5 ;fDaf ljb|fx] Lsf Ps hgf g]tfn] cfkm"x¿ o'4 ;dfKt ug]{ kIfdf /x]sf] egL r]nfO{ kq k7fP . r] cfkm\gf] g]tT[ jdf /x]sf] ;}lgs 6f]nL;“u} So'jf kms]{ . c¿ So'jfnLx¿ clk|msfsf ljleGg b]zdf 5l/P . l5d] s L b] z s·f] d f cNkmf] G ;] df:;fDaf–8]a6sf] g]tT[ jsf] /fhgLlts kf6L{ lyof] . pgsf] ;dfhjfbL ljrf/ lrlgof“ sDo'lg:6 kf6L{;“u glhs lyof] . ;g\ !(^% df lkm8]n Sof:6«fn] ] Ps 6f]nL l;kfxL s·f] k7fP . To;cl3 g} s·f]df krf; hgf hlt So'jfnLx¿ lyP . So'jfnL 6f]nLsf] g]tT[ j hh{ l/:s'P6n] u/]sf lyP . l/:s'P6sf] k'vf{ ‘uf]/f dflnssf] clk|msL bf; tyf lrlgof“ ;fx'sf gf]s/ / :k]lgofnL cfk|jf;L’ lyP . s·f] d f So' j fnLx¿n] cfkm\ g f g]tfx¿sf ljrf/ / Toxf“sf] /fhgLlt d]n gvfPsf] cg'ej u/] . Toxf“ /fhgLlt cj;/jfb / JolQmut 7fn'kgdf cfwfl/t lyof] . lkm8]nn] l/:s'P6nfO{ s·f] /Iff ug{ k7fPsf lyP . To;sf/0f, ;g\ !(^^

sf] h"g @& df ;QfljKnjsf] k|of; x'b“ f So'jfnLx¿ Toxf“sf] ;/sf/sf] /Iffdf pleP . zlQmn] eGbf s"6gLlts¿kdf ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ Wo]on] l/:s'P6n] cfkm\gf] 6f]nLsf Ps hgf lrlsT;snfO{ To;sf] lhDd]jf/L lbP . ;fgf] ;ª\Vofdf cfPsf So'jfnLx¿sf] b[9tf b]v/] ljb|fx] Lx¿ kl5 x6] . h'nfO{ ^ df Tof] ljb|f]x ;dfKt eof] . Ps hgf s·f]nL gful/sn] Hofg u'dfP .

So' j fnLx¿n] rf“ 8 } g} s·f] d f cfkm\gf] sfd Pp6f u'6af6 csf]{ u'6nfO{ hf]ufpg'd} ;Lldt ePsf] e]p kfP . oxL s'/fnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ l/:s'P6n] s·f]af6 So'jfnLx¿ kmls{g' g} plrt x'g] ;'emfj lbP . rf“8} g} So'jfnLx¿ Toxf“af6 kms] { . b' O { jif{ k l5 Pp6f ;kmn ;QfljKnjn] df:;fDaf 8]la6sf] ;/sf/ ckb:y u¥of] . lugL la;fpdf kf]r'{unlj?4sf] ljb|f]x eg] s·f]sf] kl/l:ylteGbf lgs} km/s lyof] . ;+/f cd]l/sL u'Ktr/ k| l tj] b gn] ;d] t lugL la;fpnfO{ ‘clk|msfsf] ;aeGbf ;kmn d'lQm o'4’ egL pNn]v u/]sf] lyof] . ;g\ !(^% df cfkm\gf] clk|msf e|d0fsf] qmddf r]n] lugL tyf s]k e]8{ :jtGqtf clk|msL kf6L{ kf] r ' { u fnL efiffcg' ; f/ ;ª\ I f] k df

So' j fnL ;] g fs} cfwf/df sfa| n n] kLPcfO{hL;Ldf cfkm\gf] sdfG8 sfod /fv]sf lyP . So'jfnLx¿afx]s c¿ ljb]zL ;}lgs ;xfotf /f]Sg] Tof] Pp6f pkfo klg lyof] . lugL la;fpdf ;} l gs ;Nnfxsf/ / lzIfssf] ¿kdf So'jfnLx¿n] v]ns ] f] e"ldsf lgs} dxŒjk"0f{ lyof] . ;g\ !(&@ df Sof:6«f] clk|msfsf] e|d0fdf lg:s] . Tolta]nf clk|msfdf Zj]t zf;glj?4 ;kmntfk"js { nl8/x]sf] Pp6} dfq zlQm kLPcfO{hL;L lyof] .

Tolta]nf So'jfn] cª\uf]nf, Sofd?g, OSj]6f]l/on lugL, tfGhflgof / ;DejtM c¿ b]zx¿df klg s]xL e"ldsf v]ns ] f] lyof] . tyflk, of] n]v d'VotM hfP/, s·f], lugL la;fpdf dfq s]lGb|t /xg]5 .

So'jfn] d'VotM tL b]zx¿df g} sfd u/]sf] lyof] . clk| m sfdf So' j fnL lrlsT;sx¿sf] cg'ej hfP/, s·f], lugL la;fpsf ;fy} tfGhflgofdf kl/rflnt ;} l gs lrlsT;sx¿;“ u sf] lj:t[ t cGtjf{tf{df cfwfl/t eP/ of] n]v tof/ ul/Psf] xf] . uf] / f lrlsT;s, sfnf l;kfxL clk|msfdf hfg] clwsf+z So'jfnL lrlsT;sx¿ uf] / f ;d' b fosf lyP . t/, l;kfxLx¿ eg] clwsf+ z sfnf ;d' b fosf lyP . qmflGtcl3 sfnf

;g\ !(&# df ;]g]undf :yfgLo hgtfnfO{ vf]k nufp“b} So'jfnL lrlsT;s kLPcfO{ h L;L_ sf k| d ' v cldNs/ sfa|n;“u s'/fsfgL u/] . lkm8]nn] ;fd|fHojfbsf] d'¶L tf]8b\ } t];|f] ljZjsf b]zx¿nfO{ Ps} 7fp“df NofPsf] c;+nUg cfGbf]ngsf] dxŒjaf]w u/] . pgn] lqdxfb] z Lo ;Dd] n gsf cfof]hsx¿nfO{ ;f] ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf xjfgfdf ug{ cfu|x u/] . ;f]cg';f/ ;g\ !(^^ sf] hgj/L # df xjfgfdf lqdxfb]zLo ;Dd]ng eof] . ;f] ;Dd]ngdf Nofl6g cd] l /sfdf ;z:q ;ª\ 3 if{ ul//x]sf ljleGg /fhgLlts ;d"xnfO{ klg cfdGq0f ul/of] . ToxL ;Dd]ngdf lkm8]n / sfa|nsf] klxnf] e]6 eof] . b'O{ g]tfaLr nfdf] 5nkmn eof] . lkm8]nn] sfa|nnfO{ lrlsT;s, ;}lgs k|lzIfs / k|fljlws k7fOlbg] jfrf u/] . ;Dd] n gsf k|ltlglwx¿aLr b'j} g]tfx¿n] k|efjsf/L efif0f u/] . lkm8]n qmflGtsf/L ;ª\3if{sf g]tfsf] ¿kdf pbfP . lkm8]nsf] jfrfcg';f/ leS6/ 8«s ] So'jfnL ;}lgs 6f]nLsf] g]tT[ j u/]/ lugL la;fp k'u] . hfP/df u/]sf] sfdjfkt r] Uj]ef/faf6 pRr k|z;+ f kfpg ;kmn 8«s ] sfnf ;d'bfosf sdfG8/ lyP . lugL la;fpdf kLPcfO{hL;Lsf] cg'zf;g b]v/] pgL k| e fljt eP . ;g\ !(^* sf] clGtddf pgL So'jf kms]{ . ToltGh]n sfa|nsf] cj:yf lgs} ;an eO;s]sf] lyof] . @) xhf/b]lv @% xhf/;Dd ;]gf yKbf klg kf]r'{unn] o'4 xfl//x]sf] lyof] . lugL la;fpdf ^) eGbf a9L So'jfnL ;]gf slxNo} klg lyPgg\ . tyflk,

;d' b fosf lrlsT;sx¿ lgs} sd lyP . qmflGtsf/L ;] g fdf eg] pgLx¿ rf“ 8 } g} dflyNnf] kbdf k' u ] . clk| m sL åGådf hfltsf] klg 7"nf] dxŒj lyof] .

So'jfn] clk|msfdf k|efj lj:tf/ ug'{ ;+ / f cd] l /sfsf] nflu klg lgs} nfebfos lyof] . clk| m sfsf clwsf+ z b]zdf o'/f]k]nL b]zx¿n] P]ltxfl;s¿kdf sAhf hdfpg'sf ;fy} pgLx¿sf] lgoGq0f klg rfn' lyof] .

To;sf/0f, clk|msL b]zx¿df o'/f]k]nL b]zx¿sf] k|efj sdhf]/ agfpg ;+/f cd] l /sfn] So' j fnfO{ 7" n f] cfly{ s ;xfotfsf] k| : tfj ug{ ;SYof] . t/, ;g\ !(^) sf] bzsdf ;+/f cd]l/sf leotgfddf r' n { ' D d 8' a ] s f] lyof] . ;fy}, ;+/f cd]l/sfdf rfn' hfltjfbsf] sf/0f ;+ ; f/e/sf hgtf pmk| l t ljslif{ t lyP . clk|msfdf Zj]t ;Qfsf] hfltjfb lgs} k|efjzfnL / eofgs lyof] . ;fDaf ljb|fx] Lx¿nfO{ bafpg ef8fdf NofOPsf n8fs"x¿nfO{ ‘ljb|fx] L’ dfly oftgfkl5 uf]nL xfGg / em'G8\ofpg dfq 5'6 lyPg a? ljb|fx] Lx¿nfO{ uf]nLsf] lgzfgf nufpg] cEof;df ;d]t k|of]u ug]{ 5'6 lyof] . ef8fsf n8fs"x¿ ljb|fx] Lx¿nfO{ uf]nL xfGg] ljifodf h'jf ;d]t v]Ny] . cfkm\gf] ;+:d/0fdf Ps hgf ef8fsf] l;kfxLn] ‘uf]/f kxndfg’ sf] ljifodf o;/L JofVof u/]sf 5g\ M æblIf0f clk|msfsf cUnf / eLdsfo kxndfg . nfdf–nfdf v'§f, kftnf] / vfOnfUbf] /f]8]l;ofnL cª\u|]h .

^ pgLx¿n] g} hfP/df uf]/fx¿sf] zf;g l6sfPsf lyP .Æ clk|msL ljb|f]xL g]tfx¿n] Pp6f sfnf ;d'bfo / csf]{ sfnf ;d'bfoaLr leGgtf 5' 6 \ o fpg g;Sg] hfltjfbL zf;sx¿sf] sdhf]/Lsf] kmfObf p7fpg] of]hgf agfP . hfP/sf qmflGtsf/Lx¿n] So'jfnfO{ sfnf ;d'bfosf ;xof]uLx¿ k7fpg cfu|x u/] . sfnf ;d'bfos} dflg; cfP cd] l /sL / o' / f] k ] n L u'Ktr/x¿n] So'jfnLx¿nfO{ cnUu lrGg ;Sb} g y] . sfa| n n] So' j fnL clwsf/Lx¿nfO{ ‘clk| m sLx¿;“ u } ldl;g;Sg] sfnf] /·sf k| f ljlws’ k7fOlbg cfu|x u/] . s'g} klg ljb]zL ;+nUgtf c:jLsf/ ug]{ kLPcfO{hL;Lsf] gLltcg' ; f/ klg sfnf ;d' b fosf So'jfnLx¿sf] dfu ul/Psf] lyof] . lkm8]nn] 8]/s ] nfO{ hfP/df r];u“ } uPsf l;kfxLdWo] cfkm"nfO{ pko'Qm nfUg] l;kfxL 5fGg cfu|x ubf{ pgn] ‘h:tf];s ' } k|lts"ntfdf sfd ug{;Sg], :jod\;j] L / sfnf /·sf] ;]gf’ k7fpg eg]sf lyP . clk|msf hfg'cl3sf] tflnd lzlj/df ;a} l;kfxLx¿ sfnf ;d'bfosf] b]vk] l5 dfq Tolta]nf s·f]df sfd u/]sf 8f=/f]l8«uf], cNef/]h sfa|f; jf 8f= h'lnog cNef/]h Anfsf]n] cfkm\gf] cfufdL uGtJo clk|msf ePsf] e]p kfPsf lyP .

Tolta]nf clk|msfdf hfg hxfhdf ofqf ug]{ So'jfnLx¿n] lgs} km/s vfnsf] cg'ej u/]sf lyP . 8f=cNef/]h sfa|f; ;f]leot ;ª\3df ag]sf] lkmn]S; h]hG] :sL gfdsf] hxfhdf ofqf u/]sf] :d/0f u5{g\ – ælrlsT;sx¿ ;a} uf]/f lyP, To;sf/0f c¿n] xfdLnfO{ b]Vbf s]xL ;d:of lyPg . t/, l;kfxL ;a} sfnf lyP . To;sf/0f, c¿ ofqLx¿ jf ;+/f cd]l/sL u'Ktr/ ljdfgnfO{ xfd|f] nIoaf/] yfxf gxf];\ eg]/ uf]/f lrlsT;sx¿ hxfhsf] bf];f| ] tnfdf a;]/ ofqf ug'k{ /]sf] lyof] . Tof] tnf lgs} udL{ lyof] / xfjf cfpg]–hfg] 7fp“ klg st} lyPg . /ftsf] ;dodf slxn]sfxL“ xfdL xfjf vfg dfq dfly plSng] uYof}“{ . hxfhdf v'jfOg] ?;L vfgf lgs} uGxfpg] vfnsf] lyof] . To;sf/0f :jR5 xfjf gcfpg] tNnf] tnfdf sf]lRrP/ a;]sf sfd/]8x¿nfO{ pN6L x'g] / 6fpsf] b'Vg] ;d:of ePsf] lyof] . hxfhsf] sKtfg;“u Pp6f 306L lyof] . vfgf vfg] ;do x'“bf sKtfg ToxL 306L ahfp“Yof] . sf]xL sf]xL sd/]8x¿ t sKtfgsf] 306Lsf] cfjfh ;'Gg]lalQs} pN6L ug{ ;'? uy]{ ¤ ToxL eP/ d}n] vfgf vfg] a]nf sKtfgnfO{ 306L gahfpg cfu|x ul/lbg l/:s' P 6nfO{ eg] “ . pgn] dnfO{ g} sKtfg;dIf cfkm\gf] s'/f /fVg eg] . d}n] cfkm\gf] s'/f Tof] ?;L sKtfg;dIf /fVbf p;n] cj:yfsf] s'g} e]p g} kfPg . p;n] hxfhsf] oxL k/Dk/f ePsf]n] o;df tndfly gx'g] atfof] . uf]/f lrlsT;sx¿ t sDtLdf hxfhsf] 5] p df pleP/ pN6L ug{ ;Sy] . pgLx¿ a;] s f] eGbf tnsf] tnfdf a;]sf sfnf l;kfxLx¿sf] nflu t cj:yf cem eofjx xf]nf . ?;L sKtfgn] xfd| f ] s' / f g;' g ] k l5 So'jfnLx¿n] p;sf] 306L g} rf]/]/ cfGb| dxf;fu/df x'TofOlbP ¤Æ sfnf ;d' b fosf n8fs" x ¿ uPsfn] clk| m sfdf So' j fnLx¿sf] ;+ n Ugtfaf/] klZrdf b] z x¿n] s' g } d]nf]d];f] g} kfPgg\ . hfP/sf Ps hgf a]nfotL ;Nnfxsf/n] n]v]sf 5g\, æ;+/f cd]l/sL u'Ktr/x¿ sfnf So'jfnLx¿sf] x'ndf uf]/fx¿ / pgLx¿sf cf“vfnfO{ lgofn]/ x]y]{ .Æ s·f]df klg cj:yf o:t} lyof] . ;+/f cd]l/sf, k|mfG;, klZrd hd{gL / a]nfotsf clwsf/Lx¿ s·f]df slt hgf So'jfnLx¿ sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ eGg] s'/f lgSof]{n g} ug{ ;Sb}gy] . ‘pgLx¿ ;a} sfnf ePsf]n] 5'6\ofpg g} ufx«f] k/]sf] x'gfn] a]lNhodsf /fhb"tn] s·f]df Ps ;o jf cf7 ;o So'jfnL 5g\ , 6' ª \ U ofpg g} ;s] g g\ . clk|msLx¿;“u lgs} dl;gf] u/L ldl;Psf sfnf So' j fnLx¿ uf] / f ;jf]{RrtfjfbLx¿sf cfTd:jfledfgdfly uDeL/ ckdfg h:t} lyof] . ;|f]t M dGYnL l/Eo' g] k fnL cg' j fb M gL/h

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sf]/f]gf efO/; ns8fpg ef/tsf] c;ª\ul7t >ldslj?4sf] n8fO“ xif{ d+b/ / cldtf+z' jdf{ lgs} ;fgf] /fxt Kofs] h ;lxt ljZjsf ljleGg b]zdf ul/Psf] s8f ns8fpg c;ª\ul7t >ldslj?4 /fHon] yf]k/]sf] eofgs n8fO“ ;flat eO/x]sf] 5 / To;sf] e'Qmdfg tL >lds / pgLx¿sf kl/jf/n] ef]lu/x]sf 5g\ .

To;sf] cem 7"nf] c;/ eg]sf] w]/}sf] dlit:sdf of] ;d:of sDtLdf Ps bzs;Dd /xg] 8/ xf] . w] / } afnaflnsfx¿ ljBfnoaf6 lgsflnPsf 5g\ / af“wf >d / a]rljvgdf kfl/Psf 5g\ . ns8fpgsf] csf]{ eofgs kl/0ffd eg]sf] ef]sd/L / s'kf]if0f x'g,\ s/f]8f}–“ s/f]8 dflg;x¿ ul/aLlt/ ws]lnPsf 5g\ / of] ul/aL emg\ kL8fbfoL / aRg} g;lsg] /f]usf ¿kdf km}lng yfn]sf] 5 . cy{zf:qL tyf ljsf;;DaGwL cWo]tf afa{/f x\ofl/; x\jfO6 ns8fpgnfO{ – gLlt sfof{Gjogsf] – dfWodåf/f c;ª\ u l7t If] q sf >ldsx¿sf] cl:tTjdfly g} k|Zg v8f x'gu] /L ltgLx¿lj?4 ul/Psf] o'4sf] 3f]if0ff dfGg'x'G5 . ef/tLo cy{zf:qLx¿ k|eft k6gfos / hotL 3f]ifsf b'O{ cvaf/Lo cfn]vx¿df klg elgPsf] 5 – xfdLnfO{ nfU5 ;/sf/n] >dhLjL hgtfsf] hLljsf / hLjgcfwf/ g} xgg x'g] u/L yf]k/]sf] lg0f{oåf/f l;lh{t si6nfO{ sd ug{sf nflu ;/sf/n] sbd rfNg'k5{ . k|To]s 3/kl/jf/sf] nflu sDtLdf dfl;s & xhf/ ¿k}of“sf] lx;fan] tLg dlxgf;Ddsf] nflu gub /fxt k|bfg ul/g'k5{ / ;fj{hlgs ljt/0f k|0ffnLdf ;a}sf] kx'r “ ;'lglZrt ug'k{ 5{ . t/, ha xfdL o;sf] sfof{Gjog s;/L ug{ ;lsPnf / < egL k|Zg p7fpg yfN5f},“ ;x/L If]qsf c;·l7t / cgf}krfl/s If]qsf >ldsx¿sf kl/jf/n] ef]lu/x]sf cg]sg\ ;d:of / kL8fnfO{ cgb]vf ul//x]sf x'G5f}“ . dxfTdf ufGwL /fli6«o /f]huf/ ;'lglZrttf ;ldltsf sf/0f ef/tsf] u|fdL0f If]qdf /fxt ljt/0fsf] sfo{df sddfq r'gf}tL 5g\ . pQm kl/of]hgf / ;ldltx¿n] ckjfbsf s]xL :yfgdf 5f8]/ ;a}lt/ k|foM ;a}sf] /f]huf/L sf8{ / ltgLx¿sf] Hofnf /flvlbg] a}ªs \ vftf agfOlbPsf x'gfn] To;}df k} ; f /flvlbg ;lsG5 . t/, ;x/L cgf}krfl/s >ldsx¿sf] xsdf ;lhnf] 5}g, pgLx¿sf] s'g} klg cflwsfl/s clen]v st} klg 5}g . s'g} klg ;/sf/L sfof{nodf pgLx¿sf] gfd;"lr btf{;d]t 5}g . o;n] ef/tdf cfk|jf;L dhb'/x¿sf] btf{ ug]{ k|0ffnL ;'lglZrt ug]{ /fHo k|0ffnLsf] 68\sf/f] cfjZostfaf]w u/fp“5 . o;sf] cy{ cgf}krfl/s If]qsf >ldsx¿nfO{ /fHon] b]Vg};s]sf] 5}g eGg] xf] . of] klxnf] k6ssf] c;kmntf xf]Og, o;n] /fHon] tL c;ª\ul7t If]qsf >ldsx¿sf] lxtsf nflu s]xL ul//x]sf] 5}g eGg] tYonfO{ 5n{ªu\ kf5{ . /fHon] g ltgLx¿sf] ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] ;'lglZrttf u/]sf] 5 g To:tf] ug]{ ;f]rfO g} /fv]sf] 5 . sfg'g 5 t/ sfof{Gjog 5}g cgf}krfl/s If]qsf / cfk|jf;L dhb'/x¿sf] btf{ clgjfo{ ug]{ sfg'g gePsf] xf]Og . ef/tdf ‘cGt//fHo cfk|jf;L >lds P]g !(&(’ ;f]xL p2]Zon] lgdf{0f ul/Psf] lyof] t/ To;nfO{ sfof{Gjog ul/Psf] 5}g . To; P]gdf 7]sb] f/x¿n] btf{ ePsf cfk|jf;L >ldsx¿nfO{ dfq sfddf nufpg ;Sg] k|fjwfg 5 . To:t} ;a} >ldsx¿n] klg >d sfof{nodf cfkm\gf] lj/0f btf{ ug'k{ g]{ clgjfo{ ul/Psf] 5 . t/, To;n] ;+/rgfut¿kd} lgs} 7"nf] ;ª\ V ofdf :j/f] h uf/ ul//x] s f / cgf}krfl/s If]qsf >ldsx¿nfO{ afx]s u/]sf] 5 . To:t} cgf}krfl/s cy{tGqdf dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ cGt//fHo s[lif tyf cGo >ldsx¿nfO{ klg aflx/ g} /fv]sf] 5 .

To;afx] s >d ljeful;t >ldsx¿sf] lxtsf P]g–lgodx¿nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ hf“u/ / pTk|/] 0ff lgs} sddfq

5 . To;}n] ;g\ @)!!–!@ ;Dddf ef/tsf !! j6f /fHodf s'g} klg /f]huf/bftf jf 7]sb] f/x¿ pQm P]gcg';f/ btf{ gx'gd' f s'g} cfZro{ 5}g . cfk|jf;L dhb'/x¿sf] ;a}eGbf a9L ;ª\Vofdf btf{ u/]sf] /fHo ljxf/ xf] . Toxf“ klg ljut b'O{ jif{df hDdf %^ hgf >ldsx¿sf] gfddfq btf{ ul/Psf] 5 . s/f]8f}“ >ldsx¿nfO{ ;'/Iff k|bfg ug{;Sg] csf]{ P]g ‘ejg tyf cGo lgdf{0f dhb'/ -/f]huf/sf] lgodg tyf ;]jfsf] ;t{_ P]g !((^’ xf] . To; P]gcGtu{t btf{ ePsf >ldsx¿nfO{ aLcf];L8ANo" klg elgG5 .

To; P]gcg';f/ btf{ ePsf >ldsx¿nfO{ cfjf; ;'ljwfb]lv s}of}“ ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] ;'ljwf /f]huf/bftfn] pknAw u/fpg'kg]{ x'G5 . cl3Nnf] jif{ sDtLdf () lbg sfd u/]sf] s'g} klg lgdf{0f dhb'/ pQm P]gcg';f/ btf{sf nflu of]Uo dflgG5 . t/, btf{sf nflu tL >ldsl;t s'g} /f]huf/bftf jf 6«8] o'lgogn] p;nfO{ lgdf{0f If]qsf] >ldssf ¿kdf k|dfl0ft ul/lbg'k5{ . /f]huf/bftfx¿ btf{ ePsf >ldsx¿nfO{ sfd lbgdf ;w}“ g} gsf/fTds /xg] u/]sf 5g\ / >ldsx¿df klg Ps} :yfg jf sDkgLdf nfdf] ;do;Dd sfd gug]{ / ;ª\ul7t gx'g] k|jl[ Q /x]sf] 5 . ef/tsf] dxfn] v f lgoGqs / k/LIfssf] k|ltj]bgdf pQ/ k|b]zsf] aLcf];L8ANo" af]8d{ f dfq $,@$^. ^! s/f]8 ¿k}of“ sf]ifsf ¿kdf hDdf /x]sf]df klg s'g} cfZro{ 5}g . pQm af]8n{ ] >ldsx¿sf] lxtsf gfddf clxn];Dd @*@.%& s/f]8 ¿k}of“dfq vr{ u/]sf] 5 . sl/a To:t}To:t} l:ylt cGo /fHox¿df klg 5 . ns8fpgkl5 hg;fx; klqsfn] #,!(^ lgdf{0f If]qsf >ldsl;t 6]lnkmf]g cGtjf{tf{ lnof] / tLdWo] ($ k|ltzt >ldsl;t aLcf];L8ANo" sf8{ gePsf] b]lvof] . To;}n] ltgLx¿ aLcf];L8ANo" P]gcg';f/ kfpg] ;'ljwfaf6 jl~rt x'g] b]lvof] . o;af/] d f lbNnLdf /x] s f] Ps ;fdflhs ;+:yf – u|fdjf0fLsf ;x;+:yfks cflbQ]Zj/ ;]7n] ‘OlG8of :k]G8’l;t rrf{ ub}{ eg]sf 5g\ – æx'g t btf{ ul/Psf >ldsx¿sf nflu ;d]t >d P]gsf] sfof{Gjog sdhf]/ 5, lsg >ldsx¿sf clwsf/ xgg ul/G5 eGg] k|Zgsf] Pp6f dxŒjk"0f{ sf/0f clwsf+z >ldsx¿sf] btf{ g/xg' jf pgLx¿l;t s'g} k|fdfl0fs sfuhft gx'g' xf] .Æ Psflt/ lgs} hl6n btf{ k|lqmofn] g} >ldsx¿nfO{ btf{sf] k|lqmofaf6} lg/fz t'NofOlbG5 . btf{ k|lqmofdf ;dflji6 lgs} lj:t[t sfuhft, lgs} nfdf] ljj/0f;lxtsf] kmf/fd eg',{ /f]huf/ u/]sf] k|df0f h'6fpg' / /fHo >lds sNof0f af]8s { f] btf{ cflb OToflbnfO{ lg/Lx, ul/a / clwsf+z sd n]vk9 u/]sf >ldsx¿n] lgs} sl7g cg'ej u5{g\ . ;] 7 n] lsg /f] h uf/bftfx¿ jf:tljseGbf lgs} sd ;ª\Vofdf dfq >ldsx¿af/] k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v u5{g\ eg]df klg :ki6 kf/]sf 5g\ – To;n] ltgLx¿sf] ;fdflhs ;' / Iffsf] z' N ssf ¿kdf

k|lt>lds clgjfo{ vr{ arfpg ;lhnf] x'G5 / >ldsx¿nfO{ sfg'gn] lbPsf] ;'ljwf -pbfx/0fsf nflu oftfoft vr{ / cfjf; ;'ljwf_ lbg gkg]{ x'G5 . ;fy}, To;af6 >ldsx¿sf] ;ª\Vof sd b]lvP/ ltgLx¿nfO{ ljleGg sfg'gn] sf/vfgf, pBf]ux¿df dhb'/ ;ª\3 -6«8] o'lgog_ agfpg / ;'ljwf lbgsf nflu tf]lsPsf]df sddfq ;'ljwf lbP k'Ug] x'G5 . o;sf] cy{ sfd ug]{ >ldsx¿ cb[Zo x'G5g\, ;/sf/nfO{ tL >ldsx¿ sf] x'g\ yfxf x'b“ g} / / tL >ldsx¿n] cfkm"n] kfpg] aLdf, ;'Ts]/L labf, cfjf;nufot c¿ s'g} klg ;'ljwf bfjL ug{ g;Sg] x'G5g\ . cfk|jf;L / >ldsx¿sf nflu sfd ul//x]sf] Ps ;fdflhs ;+:yf – ‘cfhLljsf Ao"/f]’sf sfo{sf/L lgb]z { s /fhLj v08]njfn o;af/] cem cufl8 eG5g\ – æ>ldsx¿sf] cb[Zotfsf] kl/0ffd ltgLx¿nfO{ cfkm\gf] gub sf/f]af/ ug{af6 dfq /f]Sg] xf]Og To;n] /f]huf/bftfx¿nfO{ >ldsx¿nfO{ 7Ug / cfkm\gf] O;f/fdf grfpg ;lhnf] x'G5 .Æ oL P]gx¿nfO{ ax'dt sfdbf/x¿sf] lxtsf] kx'r “ df k'¥ofpg] ljsNk eg]sf] lagf s'g} hl6n k|lqmof / b:tfj]hLs/0f >ldsx¿ cfkm}n] ;fdfGo k|df0fsf cfwf/df cfkm\gf] btf{ cfkm}n] ug{;Sg] agfpg] dfq xf] . t/, ltgLx¿dWo] clwsf+zsf] xsdf ;fd'bfoLs/0f / ;fª\u7lgs sf/0fn] dfq ltgLx¿n] zlQm k|fKt ug]5{ g\ / cfkm\gf] sfd ;lhn}l;t ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . cgf}krfl/s If]qsf >ldsx¿sf] sfdsf] ljljwLs/0f / clgoldt rl/q g} ltgLx¿sf] Pstfdf r'gf}tL alg/x]sf] 5 / ltgLx¿sf] sfd / hLjgsf] af/]df /fHosf] >d ljefunfO{ s'g} km/s k/]sf] b]lv“bg} . o;af/] x\ofl/; x\jfO6 ;"Id cjnf]sg ub}{ elG5g\ – æcfly{s d]?b08 / hghLljsfsf] d'Vo ;fwgsf] ¿kdf cgf}krfl/s If]qsf] >d / x]sf] ef/tsf] cy{tGqh:t} clwsf+z cgf} k rfl/s cy{ t Gqx¿ lgodgsf] bfo/feGbf aflx/ /xG5g\ . of] qm' / lj8Dagf xf] ls ;'wf/ / kl/jt{gsf] :ki6 gLltx¿ pNn]v /x“bf/x“b} klg /fHosf sbdx¿n] emg\ ljgf;sf/L c;/ k'¥ofpg] x'G5 .Æ hfoh ;'/Iff Joj:yfnfO{ sdhf]/ agfO“b} cem} qm'/ lj8Dagf t s]Gb| / /fHo ;/sf/n] cgf}krfl/s If]qsf >ldsx¿sf clwsf/af/] a]jf:tf ul//x]sf] l:yltk|lt nlHht x'gs ' f] ;§f s]Gb| / s}of}“ /fHo ;/sf/x¿ /f]usf] dxfdf/Lsf] cj:yfnfO{ ljBdfg sfg'gn] lbPsf >ldsx¿sf] hfoh ;'/Iffsf ;'ljwfx¿ sdhf]/ agfpg] / cGTo ug]{ cj;/sf] ¿kdf k|of]u ug{ pBt ePsf 5g\ . sltko /fHo ;/sf/x¿n] k|ltlbg sfdsf] cjlw !@ 306f;Dd k'¥ofpg] ljw]os NofPsf 5g\ / tLg jif{;Dd ljleGg >d P]gx¿n] k|bfg u/]sf >ldssf] xs ;'/Iffsf Joj:yf lgnDag ug]{ / /fHosf] ;Ldf kf/ u/L >ldsx¿sf] cfjfudgnfO{ lgodg ug];{ Dddf k'us ] f 5g\ . u'h/ft, dWok|b]z / lxdf~rn k|bz ] sf ;/sf/x¿n] dxfdf/Lsf] ;fj{hlgs

cfkt\sfn 3f]if0ff ub}{ b}lgs sfo{cjlw !@ 306f / ;fKtflxs sfo{cjlw &@ 306f k'¥ofPsf 5g\ . To;nfO{ pl8;f, dxf/fi6« / uf]cfsf ;/sf/n] klg k5\ofPsf 5g\ . o; ] ;/sf/ t ;a}eGbf dfldnfdf pQ/ k|bz cufl8 5 . To;n] /fHodf /x] s f snsf/vfgf / pTkfbg pBf]ux¿df ;a} >d P]gx¿sf k|fjwfgx¿ tLg jif{ lgnDag x'g] k|:tfj kfl/t u/fPsf] 5 . u'h/ft ;/sf/n] cfkm" klg pQ/ k|bz ] ;/sf/s} kblrx\gdf lx“8g\ k|lta4 ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 . dWok| b ] z ;/sf/n] snsf/vfgf;DaGwL P] g sf >lds lxt;DaGwL s}of}“ k|fjwfgx¿ x6fPsf] 5 .

To;n] /f]huf/bftfx¿nfO{ sfdbf/x¿sf nflu :jf:Yo, ;'/Iff, lgikIf kfl/>lds / sfdbf/x¿sf] sNof0f ;'l' glZrt ug'k{ g]{ bfloTjaf6 5'6sf/f lbPsf] 5 . To:t} s0ff{6s ;/sf/n] klg pBf]uklt / Joj;foLx¿nfO{ >d P]gsf s}of}“ k|fjwfg gdfGg] 5'6 lbPsf] 5 . >d P]gx¿af6 ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"ltsf] k|fjwfg x6fpg]x¿ ef/tLo hgtf kf6L{ g]tT[ jsf /fHo ;/sf/x¿dfq xf]Ogg\ . sfª\u|]; kf6L{sf] zf;g ePsf] /fHo /fh:yfgdf klg b}lgs sfo{cjlw !@ 306f;Dd a9fOPsf] 5 . k~hfjdf klg clk|n @) sf lbg Ps cfb]z kfl/t ub}{ sfo{sf] cjlw !@ 306f agfOPsf] 5 t/ cf]e/6fOd sfo{sf] Hofnf ;fdfGo cjlwsf] eGbf bf]Aa/ lbg'kg]{ Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . k~hfj ;/sf/ klg cfkm\gf] b]zsf] >d sfg'gnfO{ v'sn' f] agfp“b} >d Joj:yfnfO{ pQ/ k|bz ] , u'h/ft / dWok|bz ] s} cj:yfdf nfg nfluk/]sf] ;dfrf/ 5 . >ldsx¿sf] lxtljk/Ltsf oL kl/jt{gx¿ vf;u/L !@ 306f k|ltlbg sfo{ cjlw nfu' gug{ s}of}“ cbfntdf sfg'gL r'gf}tLx¿ eg] lbOPsf 5g\ . s;n] Joxf]b}{ 5g\ < ns8fpgsf] s]xL ;dokl5 g} dfr{ @( sf lbg Ps cfb]z hf/L ub}{ ef/tsf] u[ x dGqfnon] /f] h uf/bftfx¿n] ‘>ldsx¿nfO{ ns8fpgsf] cjlwe/sf] k"/} Hofnf lbg' clgjfo{ ePsf]’ eg]sf] lyof] . To;n] /fHon] nufPsf] ns8fpgsf] cjlwsf] Hofnf /f]huf/bftfx¿n] g} ltg{k' g]{ u/]/ /fHosf] pQ/bfloTj ;a} k'“hLkltdfly ;f/]sf] b]lvPsf] lyof] . t/, To; cfb]zaf6 b'O6f ;d:of ;txdf b]vfk¥of] . klxnf], ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]u–Jofkf/–Joj;fosf ax';ª\Vos >ldsx¿ hf] c;ª\ul7t, cgf}krfl/s tyf cb[Zo 5g\ / ltgLx¿nfO{ k"/} tna lbg] Ifdtf tL pBf]u–Jofkf/– Joj;fosf ;~rfnsx¿l;t tTsfn lyPg . olb pgLx¿n] lbg'k/]sf] v08df To;kl5 tLdWo] cfwfeGbf a9L >ldsx¿nfO{ sfdaf6 lgsfNg] lglZrt ul/lbof] . bf];|f], o; pkfoaf/] ;/sf/ cfkm}, :ki6 / uDeL/ lyPg / 5}g lsgeg] ;/sf/n] Tof] cfb]z sfof{Gjogsf] nflu s'g} ;+oGq lgdf{0f u/]sf] lyPg tyf To;nfO{ cj1f ug]x{ ¿dfly s'g} ;hfosf] Joj:yf

klg u/]sf] lyPg . Tof] t hgtfsf] lxtsf nflu ns8fpg nufPsf] s]Gb| ;/sf/ >lds ju{sf hgtfsf] lxtsf nflu lrGtgzLn / sfd ul//x]sf] 5 eGg] b]vfjf ug'{dfq lyof] . o;}nfO{ cy{zf:qL Pjd\ cWo]tf x\ofl/; x\jfO6n] – gLlt csfof{Gjog – egL ;xL l6Kk0fL g} u/]sL 5g\ . >ldsju{sf] lxtdf ;/sf/sf] of] ;fgf] sfdnfO{ klg d] dlxgfsf] dWodf ef/tsf] ;jf]R{ r cbfntn] ‘cfkt\sfndf >ldsx¿sf] clwsf/ dfq clgjfo{ sfof{Gjog x'g;Sb}g’ eGb} csf]{ av]8f v8f ul/lbof] . olb /f]huf/sf] ;'lglZrttfsf] clwsf/ nfu' u/]sf] eP w]/} – w]/d} f /f]huf/ ;'/lIft gePsf] egL cfh hg:t/sf] lrGtf 5, Tof] x'g] lyPg . ;/sf/n] Psflt/ Ps cfb]zsf] e/df >ldsx¿sf] lxtdf sfd u/]sf] b]vfof] eg] csf]l{ t/ >d P]gx¿df Jofks ;+zf]wg / lgnDagsf] dfWodn] k'h“ Lkltx¿nfO{ To;sf] xhf{gf ltl/lbof] . ;/sf/n] cfly{s dGbLaf6 aRg] pkfo eg]/ >d P]g lgnDagb]lv k'h“ Lkltx¿sf nflu lgs} ;:tf] Aofhb/sf] shf{ lbof] . ;/sf/n] k'h“ Lkltx¿nfO{ lbPsf] cfly{s Kofs]hn] cfly{s dGbL /f]Sg g;Sg] / ns8fpgn] >ldsju{sf ¿kdf /x]sf cToGt ax'dt pkef]Qmfx¿sf] qmozlQm l5g]/ cfly{s dGbL cjZoDefjL lbzflt/ ws]ns ] f] tYonfO{ a]jf:tf u/]sf] 5 . ns8fpgn] cfkm\gf] /f]huf/ hf]ufpg ;Ifd ePsfx¿sf] vr{sf] Ifdtfdf ;d]t ef/L lu/fj6 NofPsf] 5 / pgLx¿sf] eljionfO{ clglZrttflt/ pGd'v u/fPsf] 5 . olb ;/sf/n] ;a} cgf}krfl/s If]qsf >ldsx¿nfO{ /fxt k|bfg u/] jf pgLx¿sf] lgDgtd\ Hofnf a/fa/sf] /sd pgLx¿nfO{ lbPdf cufl8 b]lvPsf] cfly{s dGbLnfO{ x6fpg ;lsG5 . cy{zf:qLx¿ k6gfos / 3f]ifsf] lx;facg';f/ To;f] ul/Pdf b]zsf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf @–# k|ltztn] j[l4 x'g5] . olb cy{tGq dGbLdf uPdf To;sf] v/fa k|efj cy{tGqdf cfufdL krf; jif{ jf To;eGbf nfdf] cjlw;Dd kg{5] eg] To;sf] sfnf] c;/:j¿k dfgjLo ;ª\s6 Ps ztfAbL;Dd nlDag]5 . ul/ax¿sf] hLjgdf ljklQhGo j]bgf cfpg glbg / cfly{s dGbLnfO{ 6fNgsf nflu ef/tsf k|To]s ul/a kl/jf/nfO{ ;dfg¿kdf gub ljt/0f ug]{ cj;/sf] nflu /fHol;t cem} klg ;do 5 . cfly{s dGbLaf6 pDsg ljutdf o'/f]kn] L cy{tGqx¿n] 3f]lift / c3f]lift¿kdf oxL pkfo ckgfPsf lyP . xf]Og eg] /fHon] ;+/f cd]l/sfdf ;g\ !(#) df nfu' u/]sf] Go" l8n -gof“ s/f/_ kl/of]hgfh:tf] Jofks ;x/L /f]huf/ kl/of]hgf sfof{Gjog ub}{ k|To]ssf nflu /f]huf/sf] ;'lglZrttf ug{ ;Sg' k 5{ . t/, lj8Dagf ef/tsf ;/sf/x¿ oL pkfox¿ nufP/ c;'/lIft >ldsx¿sf] ;'/Iff / ;fdfGo gful/sx¿sf] qmoIfdtfnfO{ alnof] agfpg'sf] ;6\6f /fxt Kofs] h sf] gfddf /fHo sf] i faf6 k'h“ Lkltx¿nfO{ g} k'/is[t ug]{ / >d P]gsf k|fjwfgx¿ lgnDag u/]/ >ldsx¿sf] clwsf/df Jofks s6f}tL ug]d{ f g} s]lGb|t ePsf 5g\ . ;/sf/sf] o; unt gLltnfO{ cfly{s ljZn]ifsx¿ cNkmf ;fx / h]g nfs]n{ ] cfkm\gf] n]vdf – dxf zf]if0f–sf ¿kdf JofVof u/]sf 5g\ . x\ofl/; x\jfO6 7Ls} elG5g\ – æ/fHon] cgf}krfl/s If]qsf >ldsx¿lj?4 n8fO“ g} 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ .Æ -xif{ dGb/ ef/tsf Ps rlr{t ;fdflhs sfo{stf{ / n]vs x'g\ . cldtf+z' jdf{ lgoldt¿kdf /fhgLlts cy{zf:q, ef/tLo /fhgLlt / ;dfgtfsf nflu ljZn]if0ffTds n]v n]Vg] u5{g\ ._ (The Coronavirus Lockdown Has Been a War on India’s Informal Labour) - scroll.in cg'jfb M k|sfz

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k':ts

(1 Sept. 2020)

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‘rf/ cGt/f{i6«jfbL kqsf/’ af/] cWoIf dfcf] T;] t'ªsf] xl/, lrtjg /rgf– æxfd|f] cWoognfO{ ;'wf/f}Æ“ ;df cWoogsf] dxŒjaf/] lxhf]cfh Jofks 5nkmn rNb} 5 . kf6L{ sfo{stf{sf lglDt t cWoog hLjgk4lt g} aGg'kg]{ wf/0ff a/f]a/ ;'lgG5 . e" u f] n , /fhgLlt, Oltxf;, cy{ z f:q, cGt/f{ l i6« o ljifoj:t'nufotsf ljifodf sfo{ s tf{ hfgsf/ x' g ' k g] { cg'ejL g]tfx¿ atfp“5g\ .

Toltdfq xf]Og dfS;{jfbL– n]lggjfbL ;flxTo cWoogn] ljZj b[li6sf]0f ljsf; ug{ d2t ub{ 5 . cWoognfO{ Jojxf/df ptf/L kl/l:ylt ;'xfp“bf] ;xL lg0f{o Ifdtf ljsf; ePsf sfo{stf{n] b]z / hgtfsf] ;]jf cem a9L ug{ ;Sg]df ;Gb]x 5}g . t/, sfo{stf{n] cWoog s;/L ug]{ < of] k|Zg k|foM p7\g] ub{5 . ;g\ !($! dO{ lt/} cWoIf dfcf]n] lrlgof“ sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf sfo{stf{sf] cWoog z}nL / tl/sfaf/] k|ltj]bg tof/ kf/L ‘xfd|f] cWoognfO{ ;'wf/f}’“ eGg] cfx\jfg ug'e{ of] .

Tolta]nf cWoIf dfcf]n] lrlgof“ sDo'lg:6 kf6L{leq rnfpg'ePsf] ;'wf/ cfGbf]ngsf] l;nl;nf lyof], Tof] . cWoog slxNo} g6'lª\ug] ljifo xf] . cWoIf dfcf]n] plta]nf ;'emfpg'ePsf] cWoogsf] tl/sfaf/] g]kfnL ;dfh / gof“ k':tfsf sfo{stf{ k|lzlIft ag] lxts/ xf]nf . lrlgof“ sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ :yfkgf ePsf] @) jif{ lalt;s]sf] lyof] . lrlgof“ qmflGtsf lglDt dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb dfu{lgb]z { s l;4fGtsf ¿kdf cª\uLsf/ ul/Psf] lyof] . csf]{ efiffdf eGg] xf] eg] dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb lrlgof“ qmflGtsf] lglDt dxŒjk"0f{ xltof/ aGof] . klxnf] ljZjo'4 cufl8 rLgsf] df6f]df b]lvPsf] cf}klgj]lzs bdgaf/] 5nkmn x'GYof] . ;of}“ jif{;Dd ;Tosf] vf]hLdf lrlgof“ hgtfn] u/]sf] ;ª\3if{sf] Oltxf;n] ¿;L qmflGtkl5 a]Un} df]8 lnof] . ljZjJofkL Psdfq ;To dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfbnfO{ lrlgof“ df6f]df x'sf{pg' / lrlgof“ qmflGtnfO{ ;kmn agfpg' lrskfsf] p2]Zo lyof] . Tof] p2]Zo k"/f ug{ sfo{stf{df geO{ gx'g] ljz]iftf cWoogzLntf xf] eGg] ljrf/ cWoIf dfcf] /fVg'xG' Yof] . rLgsf] cWoog, lrlgof“ ;dfh / hghLljsfsf] cWoog, Oltxf;sf] cWoog / ljZjhutsf] cWoog sfo{stf{sf] Go"gtd cfjZostf xf] . ljZjhutnfO{ dfS;{jfbL–n]lggjfbL cf“vfn] x]g{ ;Sg] Ifdtf ljsf; ug{ cWoIf dfcf]n] cWoogdf ;'wf/ cfGbf]ngdf hf]8 lbg'eof] . sfo{stf{n] s] k9\g] / s;/L k9\g] eGg] k|Zgdf tLgj6f ljifodf cWoIf dfcf] hf]8 lbg'xG' 5 . klxnf], jt{dfg cj:yf cyf{t\ ;d;fdlos kl/l:yltsf] /fd|f] cWoog . lrskf h:tf] 7""nf] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{nfO{ jt{dfg 3/]n' / cGt/f{li6«o kl/l:ylt cWoog ug{sf] nflu ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L ;ª\sng ug{ d'l:sn lyof] . /fhgLlts, ;}Go, cfly{s, ;f+:s[lts cflb ljifoj:t'x¿df pknAw ;fdu|L ljvl08t / Jojl:yt clen]vLs/0f ug{ uf¥xf] lyof] t/ c;Dej lyPg . lrskf :yfkgfsf] @) jif{df cWoognfO{ Jojl:yt / k"0f{ agfpg g;s]s} sf/0f, vf]h / cg';Gwfg;lxtsf] cWoog cefj ePs} sf/0f sfo{stf{sf] cWoognfO{ ;'wfg{ cWoIf dfcf]n] cu'jfO ug'{eof] . ‘cf“vfdf kl6\6 af“w]/ eª\u]/f ;dfpg]’, ‘cGwf] dfG5]n] df5f ;dfpg]’ tl/sfsf] cWoog z}nLn] sfo{stf{sf] dl:tisdf 1fg gel/g] k|:6 lyof] . cWoogsf] Tof] z}nL kl/jt{gsf lglDt cWoIf dfcf]n] sfo{stf{nfO{ lzlIft agfpg'eof] . dfS;{, P“uN] ;, n]lgg / :tflngn] l;sfpg' ePem“} kl/l:yltsf] Odfgbf/Lk"js { cWoog cfjZos 5 . ;fy}, j:t'k/s jf:tljstfsf] cfwf/df cWoog cfjZos 5 . cWoogdf cfTdk/s z}nLn] ;TonfO{ aª\Uofpg ;Sb5 . To;sf/0f, kl/l:yltsf] cWoog j:t'k/s x'gk' b{5 tadfq ;Tosf] glhs k'Ug ;lsG5 eGg] ts{ 5 . bf];f| ,] Oltxf;sf] uxg cWoog . ;of}“ jif{ k'/fgf] ;do, kf}/fl0fs /f]dg ;Eotfb]lv lat]sf ;Dk"0f{ 36gf–kl/36gf, ;Eotf, ;+:s[ltsf] cWoogn] jt{dfg ;dosf] ljZn]if0f ;xh aG5 . Oltxf;sf] cWoog klg j:t'k/s, oyfy{k/s x'gk' b{5, cWoIf dfcf]sf] /rgfn] oxL eG5 .

t] ; | f ] , cGt/f{ l i6« o qmflGtsf] cg'ej cWoog, dfS;{ j fb–n] l ggjfbsf] ljZjJofkL ;Totfsf] cWoog . cWoIf dfcf] eGg'xG' 5 – æw]/} h;f] kf6L{ sfo{ s tf{ n ] dfS;{ j fb– n] l ggjfbnfO{ qmflGtsf/L cEof; of cfr/0fsf lglDt geO{ k9\gsf nflu k9\g] u/]sf] e]l6G5 . ljrf/nfO{ cfTd;ft\ gu/L ;txL 1fg /fVg] y'k|} x'G5g\ . dfS;{, P“u]N;, n]lgg, :tflngsf] c8fg, b[li6sf]0f / sfo{nfO{ cfTd;ft\ gu/L pxf“x¿sf] egfOnfO{ 6f“ u ] / lx“ 8 \ g ] sfo{ s tf{ n ] qmflGtdf ;3fp“b}gg\ .’’ o;/L jt{dfg kl/j]zsf] /fd|f] ljZn]if0f, P]ltxfl;s k[i7e"ldsf] /fd|f] 1fg, cGt/f{li6«o hutsf] /fd|f] hfgsf/L / dfS;{jfb– n]lggjfbnfO{ Jojxf/df ptfg{ cWoog ug] { sfo{ s tf{ jf:tjdf c;n sfo{stf{df ulgG5g\ . of] sfo{stf{sf] Go"gtd ljz]iftf klg xf] egL k'l:tsfdf n]lvPsf] 5 . ljBfnodf ljBfyL{nfO{ bz{g, Oltxf;, cy{tGq, lj1fgaf/] /fd|f] hfgsf/L lbg lzIfs cfk}m“ hfgsf/ x'gk' g]d{ f cWoIf dfcf]n] hf]8 lbg'ePsf] 5 . ljBfyL{nfO{ j}1flgs / ;TotYo 1fg glbP b]zsf] eljio c“Wof/f] x'g;Sg]kl| t ;r]t agfpg'ePsf] 5 . sfo{stf{n] cfTdk/s b[li6sf]0faf6 cWoog ug'x{ b“' g} , cfTdk/s z}nLsf] cWoogn] kl/l:ylt Pjd\ jftfj/0fsf] Jojl:yt / k"0f{ cWoog ;Dej x'Gg . cfTdk/s z}nLsf] cWoogn] Ifl0fs v';L, pmhf{ k|fKt x'g' l;jfo s]xL x'Gg . To:tf] cWoog kl5;Dd :d/0f x'Gg, lbuf] aGb}g . olb rLgsf] Oltxf;nfO{ cfTdk/s z}nLaf6 cWoog ul/of] eg] s]xL ;dod} :d[ltaf6 x/fpg]5 / rLgsf] tl:a/ wldlnG5 . dfS;{jfb / n]lggjfbnfO{ cfTdk/s z}n} Ldf cWoog u/] p2]Zo e]l6Gg, cd"t{ aG5 . ef}ltsjfbL b[li6sf]0f, j}1flgs ljZn]if0f / ;+Zn]if0f g} dfS;{jfbL cWoog k4lt xf] . dfS;{jfbL cWoog k4lt cfTdk/s x'gu] b}g{ . cWoogdfq xf]Og n]vg klg cfTdk/s x'g'x'“b}g . cfTdk/s z}nL lj1fg / dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb ljk/Lt xf], sDo'lg:6 z}nL ljkl/t xf] . efjgfdf aUg], ;txdf /dfpg] k|jl[ Q unt xf] . ljifoj:t'nfO{ j:t'k/s / tYo– tYofª\ s ;lxt cWoog ug{ 5f] 8 ] / cfTdk/s cWoogdf /dfpgfn] sfo{stf{nfO{ leQfdf pd|]sf] la?jf agfp“5 . ltgLx¿ kxf8sf] af“;h:t} x'G5g\ – 7"nf] cfjfh lgsfNb} dlRrg] . afSnf] 5fnf ePsf] t/ leq k"0f{tM vf]qmf] . h/f gePsf] / leq vf]qmf] sfo{stf{n] qmflGtsf lglDt of]ubfg ug{ ;Sb}g . cWoogdf ;txL sfo{stf{n] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df a;L b]z / hgtfsf] ;]jf ug{ ;Sb}gg\ . dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb lj1fg xf] . lj1fg kSsL x'G5 . To;sf/0f, x]/s ljifosf] cWoog dfS;{jfbL– n]lggjfbL b[li6sf]0faf6 ul/g'kb{5 . kl/j]zsf] Jojl:yt / k"0f{ vf]hd"ns cWoogsf nflu dfS;{jfbL b[li6sf]0f h¿/L x'G5 . Oltxf;sf] ;xL cWoog, jt{dfgsf] ljZn]if0f / eljiosf] k|If]k0f dfS;{jfbL b[li6sf]0faf6} ug'k{ 5{ egL k'l:tsfdf n]lvPsf] 5 . rLgsf] ;Gbe{df lrlgof“ qmflGt p2]Zo xf] eg] dfS;{jfbL–n]lggjfbL ljrf/ xltof/ xf] . sfo{stf{n] ;f] xltof/af/] /fd|f] cWoog gu/] k"jd{ f qmflGtsf] p2]Zo k"/f x'g uf¥xf] kYof]{ . To;sf/0f, dfS;{jfbL ;flxTo cWoog / j:t'k/s cWoog z}nLsf] ljsf;nfO{ hf]8 lbOof] . o;/L Ps sfo{stf{n] hyfefjL cWoog gu/L Jojl:yt / ljifoj:t'sf] ulx/fOdf k'uL cWoog ug'k{ b{5 . efj'stfdf gauL ;TotYo / j:t'k/s oyfy{df ljZjf; ug]{ / j}1flgs cWoog z}nL cjnDag ug'{kb{5 . Ps sfo{stf{n] Oltxf;b]lv jt{dfg;Ddsf] kl/j]znfO{ dfS;{jfbL cf“vfn] ljZn]if0f u/L eljiosf] tof/L ug'k{ g]{ ;Gb]z o; /rgfaf6 ldN5 . o;/L cWoog ug{] sfo{stf{n] kf6L{ / qmflGtdf of]ubfg ug{ ;Sg] ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 . cWoIf dfcf]sf] ‘cWoognfO{ ;'wf/f}“’ eGg] ljrf/ cfTd;ft\ u/f}“ ¤

;dfh juL{ o ePsf] n ] kqsfl/tf If]q klg To;af6 c5'tf] 5}g . cf–cfkm\gf] ju{sf] ;]jf ug]{ x]t'n] klqsf, 6LeL, PkmPd, cgnfOgnufot ;~rfng eO/x] s f 5g\ .

To;}cg';f/ kqsf/x¿ kl/rflnt x'g] jf ;lqmo x'g] u5{g\ . Jofks dhb'/–ls;fgsf] kIfdf ;lqmo x'g] eg]sf k|ultzLn kqsf/ x'g\ . k'h “ LjfbL / ;fd|fHojfbLsf] kIfdf ;lqmo x'g] kqsf/ k|ltlqmofjfbL x'g\ . k|ultzLn jf zf]liftju{sf kqsf/x¿ ax' d t hgtfsf] lxtdf ;To, Gofo, ljj]s / kl/jt{gsf] nflu lg/Gt/ ;lqmo /xG5g\ . k| l tlqmofjfbL jf zf]ifsju{sf kqsf/x¿ Jofks hgtfdfem 5n5fd / e|d km}nfpg] s'r]i6f ul//xG5g\ . k|ultzLn kqsf/x¿ cfkm\gf] b]zdf dfq xf] O g cGo b] z df uP/ klg zf] l iftju{ s f] kIfdf snd rnfp“ 5 g\ . ltgLx¿ ;fd| f Hojfbsf] lj/f] w df klg nfU5g\ . Jofks zf]lift, kLl8t hgtfsf] Gofok"0f{ ;ª\3if{, cfGbf]ng / qmflGtsf ;To–tYonfO{ ljZjJofkL k|rf/ ug{ k|ultzLn kqsf/x¿ ;lqmo x' G 5g\ . ltgLx¿ cGt/f{li6«ojfbL kqsf/ x' g \ . cd]l/sL kqsf/x¿ cGgf n'O; :6«ª, hf]g /L8 / P8\u/ :gf] tyf c:6]l« nofnL kqsf/ ljNk|m8] ar]{6 cGt/f{i6«jfbL kqsf/x¿ x' g \ . tL rf/ cGt/f{ i 6« j fbL kqsf/x¿n] k' “ h Ljfb / ;fd| f Hojfbsf] lj/f] w ub} { ljZje/sf ax' d t dhb' / – ls;fgsf] kIfdf cfkm\gf] snd lhGbuLe/ rnfP . ltgLx¿n] ;dfrf/ ;°ngsf] qmddf cg]s b'Mv, si6, x08/, kL8fsf] ;fdgf ug'{k¥of] . js{;{ klAns];G;\, g]kfnn] @)^& k' ; df ltg} rf/ cGt/f{ i 6« j fbL kqsf/x¿sf] ;ª\ l IfKt hLjgL ;°ng u/] / k'l:tsfsf] ¿kdf k|sflzt u¥of] . cd] l /sfsf] k| u ltzLn kl/jf/df hGd]sL cGgf n'O; :6«ª ;+ ; f/nfO{ cd] l /sL cf0fljs cft°af6 d' l Qm lbnfpg ‘;fd|fHojfb sfuhsf] af3 ePh:t} cf0fljs ad klg sfuhsf] af3 xf] <’ eGg] dfcf]sf] ;Gb]z k'¥ofpg] axfb'/ dlxnf kqsf/ x'g\ . pgn] ¿; / rLgsf] sDo'lg:6 l;4fGtsf] dte]b / ljjfbaf/] ljZjnfO{ hfgsf/L lbOg\ . *% jif{ s f] hLjgdf ^) jif{ ; Dd pgn] k|ultzLn kqsfl/tfdf cfkm"nfO{ ;dlk{t ul/g\ . cGgfn] ;+;f/nfO{ ¿;, rLg, leotgfd, sDaf]l8of, nfcf];\, :k]g, d]lS;sf]nufot b] z df k' U bfsf P] l txfl;s 36gfx¿af/] ljleGg k':ts, n]v / lr7Lx¿dfkm{t hfgsf/L lbPsL l5g\ . cd]l/sfdf hGd]/ rLgsf] k]ls·df pgsf] lgwg eof] . cd] l /sfsf] vfgbfgL / ;DkGg t/ k|ultzLn kl/jf/df hGd] s f hf] g /L8df dhb' / cfGbf]ng / ;ª\3if{df nfu]kl5 dfq ljrf/df kl/kSjtf cfPsf] lyof] . pgL s'g} 36gfnfO{ 6f9}af6 x]//] jf sf]7fdf a;]/ xf]Og ls jf:tljs 36gf / sf/0f kQf nufP/ dhb'/– ls;fgnfO{ ;f“rf] / ;To–tYo s'/f atfpg] uy]{ . pgL t6:y kqsf/ eP/ Gofosf] kIfdf snd

rnfp“y] . pgL h'g;'s} ;x/ jf ufp“ s f] dhb' / –ls;fgsf] cfGbf]ngdf ;lqmo¿kdf ;xefuL eP/ ;dy{g uy]{ . ;g\ !(!& df ¿;df ePsf] cS6f]a/ qmflGtaf/] ljZjnfO{ oyfy{ hfgsf/L lbg hf]g /L8n] ‘;+;f/nfO{ xNnfpg] b; lbg’ lstfa n]v] . o; lstfan] ;flxTodf gof“ ljwfsf] ljsf; ug{ of]ubfg u¥of] . pgL ¿;L ;j{ x f/f qmflGtsf Ps bz{sdfq lyPgg\, To;sf ;dy{s klg lyP . dfS;{, P“u]N; / n]lggsf ;flxTosf] cWoogn] hf]g /L8sf] ljrf/nfO{ ulx/f] / kSsf agfOlbPsf] lyof] . pgL k' “ h Ljfbsf] u9 cd] l /sfd} sDo' l g:6 kf6L{ :yfkgf ug{ nfluk/] s f cd] l /sL qmflGtsf Ps cu|b"t aGg ;kmn eP . pgn] dhb' / cfGbf] n g, ;ª\ 3 if{ n fO{ c·fNb} snd rnfP . 6fOkmfO8sf] pkrf/ ubf{ub}{ ## jif{sf] o'jf pd]/d} ¿;df hf]gl/8sf] c:jfefljs lgwg eof] . pgn] cfkm" n fO{ dhb' / –ls;fgsf] nflu ck{ 0 f u/] s f lyP . pgsf] lgwg dhb'/–ls;fgsf] nflu 7"nf] Iflt lyof] . pgL afNosfnb]lv slj, syfsf/, gf6ssf/ lyP . ;ª\3if{ / n8fO“aLr ;dfrf/ ;°ng ug]{ Ps ;kmn ;+jfbbftf lyP . lrlgof“ hgtf / ;+;f/nfO{ lrlgof“ g]tf dfcf] sf] x'g\ / s:tf 5g\ eg]/ hfgsf/L lbg] cd]l/sL kqsf/ P8\u/ :gf] x'g\ . aofgAa] lbgsf] sl7g ofqfkl5 rLgsf] kfcf] cfgdf g]tf dfcf];u“ :gf]n] e]6/] rLgsf] Oltxf;, dfS;{ j fb / kf6L{sf] Oltxf;af/] s'/fsfgL u/] . kfcf] cfgdf tLg dlxgf a;]/ kms]{kl5 pgn] ;g\ !(#& df a]nfotdf ‘rLgsf] cfsfzdf /ftf] tf/f’ k':ts k|sflzt u/] . ;f]xL k':tsaf6 pgL ljZj k|l;4 eP . rLg / ;+/f cd]l/sfaLrsf]

;DaGw ;'wfg{ e"ldsf v]n]sf P8\u/ :gf] k]6sf] SofG;/af6 kLl8t eP . ^& jif{sf] pd]/df pkrf/sf] qmddf dhb' / – ls;fgsf Ps c;n ldq / kqsf/sf] lgwg eof] . c:6«l] nofnL kqsf/ ljNk|m8] u|fxd ar]{6 blIf0fk"jL{ Pl;of, vf; u/]/ lxGb rLgsf] l:yltsf] jf:tljs cj:yf ;+ ; f/nfO{ cjut u/fpg] klxnf] kqsf/ x'g\ . !*–@) jif{sf] pd]/df pv'af/L / ldndf sfd ug]{ dhb' / x¿sf] d] x gt, c8fg, Pstf / ;ª\3if{zLn efjgaf6 pgL k|efljt ePsf lyP . ;fy}, pgn] ;·7g / Pstfn] cg]s ;kmntf k|fKt x'g] klg a'em] . hfkfgnfO{ cfTd;dk{ 0 f u/fpg ;+/f cd]l/sfn] lx/f]l;df / gfuf;fsLdf cf0fljs ad v;fNof] . Oltxf;df slxNo} gePsf] ;+xf/ eof] . ar]{6 ;g\ !($% ;]K6]Da/ @ df lx/f]l;df k'u] . To; ljgfzkl5 lx/f]l;df k'us ] f klxnf] klZrd]nL JolQm pgL g} lyP . pgn] cf0fljs adsf] ljsL/0fnfO{ Kn]usf] ;+1f lbO{ ljZjnfO{ ;r]t kfg]{ sfd u/] . pgn] g} ;+/f ;ª\3sf] gfddf ;+/f cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbn] sf]l/ofdf u/] s f cTofrf/x¿ ;+ ; f/e/ pbfª\UofP . pgn] ;+/f cd]l/sfn] sf]l/ofdf ls6f0f' o'4 rnfPsf] tYo ;+;f/nfO{ atfP . ;g\ !(&! df cd]l/sf / leotgfd o'4df ;+/f cd]l/sL ;fd| f Hojfbn] ljiffn' Uof;, /f;folgs j:t' / cfuf] ; d] t nufP/ jgh·n, ufp“–;x/, v]t vlnofg;d] t v/fgL agfPsf] lyof] . gfkfd adn] leotgfdL hgtf cToGt kLl8t lyP . To:tf] cj:yfdf ar]6{ n] ;of}“ dfOn k}bn ofqf u/L ;dfrf/ ;°ng u/] . pgn] leotgfdsf] jf:tljs cj:yfsf] lrq0f u/L ;dfrf/ 5kfP . pgL &@ jif{sf] pd]/df SofG;/ /f]uaf6 lat] . o;/L rf/ cGt/f{i6«jfbL kqsf/sf] ;ª\lIfKt hLjgL cWoog ug]{ a]nfdf ¿;, rLg, hfkfg, cd] l /sf, sf] l /of, d] l S;sf] , leotgfd, sDaf]l8of, nfcf];nufot b]zsf Oltxf;sf dxŒjk"0f{ kIfx¿sf] hfgsf/L lng ;lsG5 . of] k'l:tsfsf] cWoogn] gof“ k':tfsf kqsf/x¿nfO{ pmhf{ k|fKt x'G5, dfu{bz{g k|fKt x'G5 . k'l:tsfn] cg]s b'Mv, si6, kL8f, hf]lvdsf] ;fdgf u/]/ klg Jofks dhb'/– ls;fgsf] Gofo, ;ª\3if{, kl/jt{g, cfGbf]ngsf ;dfrf/ ;°ng u/L k|rf/–k|;f/ ug'{kg]{ ;Gb]z gof“ k':tfsf kqsf/x¿nfO{ lbPsf] 5 .

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(1 Sept. 2020)

sf]le8 – !( /f]syfd M ef/t;“usf] v'nf ;Ldf aGb ug'k{ g]{ eQmk' / . eQmk' / gu/kflnsfåf/f j]lagf/dfkm{t cfof]lht ‘eQmk'/ sf08’sf] lj/f]w Pjd\ eT;{gf sfo{qmddf kf6L{sf ;lrj Pjd\ ;f+;b k]d| ;'jfnn] lgjf{rgsf] qmflGtsf/L pkof]u, hf]tfxf ls;fgsf] kIfdf df]xLofgL xs, ekf{O{ / afnL sf6\g] cfGbf]ng, ef/tLo Psflwsf/ k' “ h L / lj:tf/jfbsf] lj/f]wdf g]kfnL e"ld ;':tf /Iff cfGbf]ng, l;lSsddfly ef/tLo sAhfsf] lj/f]w, hgdt ;ª\ux| df ax'bnsf] kIfdf dtbfg cflb ultljlwb] l v tl;{ P sf] k~rfotL ;/sf/n] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ /r]/ g]dlskflj?4 em"6f Hofg d'2f nufPsf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . k~rfotsf k|d, /fli6«o k~rfot cWoIf;d] t n] ;fj{hlgs¿kdf ‘/f]lxtnfO{ kmf“;L b]’ gf/f nufPsf] x'b“ f ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ k~rfotL /fHo:t/sf] if8\oGq g} ePsf] yk k'li6 x'g] pNn]v ug'x{ b“' } ;f+;b ;'jfnn] /fhgLlt b]z / hgtfsf] Odfgbf/Lk"js { ;]jf ug]{ If]q ePsf], s;}kl| t a]OdfgL ug'{ /fhgLlt geO{, a]OdfgL g} ePsf] :ki6 kfg'e{ of] . pxf“n] hft, efiff, If]qleq klg ju{ x'g] ljifo g]jf/ bfjL u/]sf k| d dl/rdfg l;+ x >] i 7sf] ;/sf/åf/f ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ df g]dlskflj?4 bdg Pp6f yk pbfx/0f ePsf] rrf{ ug'x{ b“' } pxf“n] ju{ b[li6sf]0fcg';f/ k~rfot / clxn]sf] k'h“ LjfbL u0ftGqdf df}lns leGgtf gePsf], Joj:yf / zf;s kfqdfq km] l /Psf] , o;} s f/0f e|i6frf/ / clgoldttf lbg b'ug' f, /ft rf}ug' f a9]sf] atfpg'eof] . ax'bn k'gM :yfkgfsf] #) jif{otf ;/sf/df uPsf g]sf, Pdfn], dfcf]jfbLsf] ultljlw k~rfotsf] eGbf km/s gePsf], k|hftGqjfbL / ‘sDo'lg:6’ sf] gfddf hgtfsf zq'x¿ ‘xl/of] 3f“;leq n'ss ] f] ;k{’

/ ‘/ftf] emG8f v;fNg /ftf] emG8f p7fpg]’ ¿kdf b]lvPsf] pNn]v ug'x{ b“' } ;f+;b ;'jfnn] clxn] klg ;f]emfl;wfnfO{ n'6g\ ] / lgwf]n{ fO{ bdg ug]{ 5b\de]ifLx¿ oyfjt\ /x]sf] pNn]v ug'e{ of] . k~rfotL /fHo:t/sf] if8oGq ‘eQmk'/ sf08’sf] a]nf ljrlnt gePsf / ldqtfsf] xft a9fpg]x¿ g} ;Rrf ldq ePsf] pNn]v ug'x{ b“' } pxf“n] b]z / hgtfsf] ;]jfdf nfu]sfx¿ ;°6df ljrlnt gx'g] / zq';u“ clGtd bd;Dd le8\g] atfpg'eof] .

lg/ª\s'ztflj?4 ultljlw ug{ ;lhnf] lyPg . To;sf/0f, kf6L{nfO{ ;d"n gi6 ug{ /fHo:t/af6 if8\oGq ul/Psf] xf] .Æ pkk| d ' v /hgL hf] z Ln] lzIff, ;+:s[lt / ;Dkbf ;+/If0fdf g]dlskfsf] of]ubfg dxŒjk"0f{ /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . egkf j8f g+= & sf j8fWoIf ps]z sjf+n] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’sf] ;dodf k~rfotn] b]z}el/sf g]dlskfsf sfo{stf{nfO{ laufg]{ / nf] e df km;fpg] sfo{ u/] s f] atfpg'eof] . sfo{ q mddf

‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] eT;{gf sf] l e8–!( ;ª\ q md0f /f]syfd ug{ ef/t;“usf] v'nf ;Ldf aGb ug'k{ g],{ ef/taf6 lkmtf{ ePsf g]kfnnLnfO{ l;dfgfdf Sjf/]lG6gsf] Joj:yf u/L ;ª\qmd0fd'Qm ePkl5 dfq 3/ k7fpg' k g] { , j} b ] l zs /f]huf/L aGb u/L g]kfnLnfO{ :jb] z df /f] h uf/L lbg' k g] { , ;x/leqsf cf} B f] l us If] q df /flvPsf ;z:q k|x/LnfO{ l;dfgfdf t}gfy ug'k{ g],{ vfBfGg ;°6 x6fpg s[lif pTkfbg a9fpg'kg]d{ f hf]8 lbg'xb“' } ;lrj ;'jfnn] rf/ dlxgf cufl8 g} oL ;a} ljifo ;d]6/] k|d s]kL cf]nLsf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf] atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pjd\ gu/ k|d'v ;'lgn k|hfkltn] k~rfotL Joj:yfdf g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{nfO{ k/f:t ug{ k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿n] 7"nf] if8\oGq /r]sf] :d/0f ug'x{ b“' } ;w}“ ;Tosf] kIfdf pleg'kg{]df hf]8 lbg' e of] . pxf“ n ] eGg' e of] , ætTsfnLg k~rfotL Joj:yfdf n]lggjfbL gLltadf]lhd r'gfjdf efu lnO{ sfdbf/ hgtfsf] kIfdf sfd ug{ / k~rfotL

egkf j8f g+ ( sf j8f cWoIf /jLGb| HofVj, sfo{kflnsf ;b:o /f]zgd}of“ ;'jfn, j8f g+= ^ sf j8f ;b:o uf]ljGb b'jfn, j8f g+= * sf j8f ;b:o k~rnIdL b'jfnnufotn] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ af/] cf–cfk\mgf] cg'ej /fVg'ePsf] lyof] .

O;fgåf/f ‘eQmk' / sf08sf] eT;{ g f’ ;+ : yfut ljBfno ;ª\ 3 g]kfn -O;fg_ n] @)$% ebf} ( sf] sfnf] lbg ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] eT;{gfdf Ps sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . cgnfOgdf cfof] l ht sfo{qmddf g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pjd\ g]kfn k|fWofks ;dfhsf cWoIf ;/f]h/fh uf];fO{n] ;fdGtL tyf k'“hLjfbL /fHo;Qfn] if8\oGq u/]/ g} ;Qf l6sfpg] b'ik|of; ul//x]sf] rrf{ ug'{eof] . pxf“n] ;Qfwf/Lx¿n] o'4, cfly{ s dGbL / e" s Dk tyf dxfdf/Lh:tf k|fs[lts k|sf]kkl5 ljkIfLnfO{ bafpg if8\oGqx¿ ug{] u/]sf] atfpg'xb“' } @)$% ;fnsf]

k|jf;af6 ul/Psf] ;ª\3if{sf] k[ys\ ubf{ ljutsf cfk\mgf JolQmut ‘eQmk' / === k|jfx u¥of] . oftgf ef]Ubf xf];\ dxŒj /x\of] eGbf km/s gknf{ ¤ sdLsdhf]/L ;txdf cfpg] kL/ s;}nfO{ ePdf cfTdfnf]rgf ub}{ of cbfntsf] s73/fdf pleO“bf ;w}“ Pp6} /6fg <¤ s]xL s]xLn] #) jif{;Dd k] m l/ klg b] z / hgtfsf] xf];\ lg/ª\s'ztGqsf] cGTo / k|hftGqsf] pbo, Gofosf] ljhosf] Pp6} 36gfaf/] g]dlskfn] /6fg Odfgbf/Lk"j{s ;]jfdf yk k|lta4 cjZoDefJotfaf/] lge{osf ;fy nufof] egL l6Kk0fL u/]sf] ;d]t eP/ nfUg' >]o:s/ x'g]df b'O{dt ;'lgof] . Pp6f 36gfdf ¿dlnP/ gxf]nf ¤ ljrf/ cleJoQm u¥of] . kf6L{ cWoIf sf= /f]lxtn] ga:g ;Nnfx;d]t lbP . s;}n] cGTodf, :d[lt lbj;, hGdhoGtL e]63f6 / cGo u'Kt pkfodfkm{t t 7"nf] dxŒjsf ;fy Jofks /fhgLlts ;ª\3if{sf] k[i7e"ld tof/ 9·df 5nkmn grnfP x'GYof] eGg] cflb dgfpg' n fO{ xfdL s' g } kfg'{eof] . hgcfGbf]ng s]Gb|Lo cfu|x ;d]t u/]sf] atfOof] . oL cf}krfl/stfdf ;Lldt /fVb}gf}“ . kl/rfng ;ldlt -jfddf]rf{_ sf] s'/fn] b'O{–rf/ k|Zg t]:of{p“5 . k' “ h Lkltju{ n ] e} “ m dgf] / ~hg, ;b:osf] gftfn] k|hftGq k'gM To;f] eGg]x¿ ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ / xf]xNnf u/L hgtfnfO{ lbUe|ldt :yfkgfsf nflu dfu{lgb]z { g tyf s'g} klg P]ltxfl;s 36gf of kfb}{gf}“ . a? /fhgLlts sIff, pmhf{ k|bfg ug'{eof] . ebf} ( ;ª\3if{af/] hfgsf/L /fVb}gg\ / ;3g k| l zIf0f, cGt/lqmofdf kZrft\ g]dlskfsf] 9f8 ef“lrPsf] /fVg] r] i 6f ub{ } g g\ . juL{ o kl/0ft u/L sfdbf/ju{sf] r]tgf / pNn]Vo e"ldsf c;Dej 3f]if0ff bdgaf/] ;d] t ;+ j ] b gzLntf :t/ tyf ;f+:s[lts :t/ clej[l4, ug]{x¿nfO{ kmfu'g * ut] k'Ubf] b] v fpg] Ifdtf /fVb} g g\ . j}rfl/s :t/ j[l4df hf]8 lbG5f}“ . hjfkm lbg g]dlskf ;kmn eof] . Oltxf;sf 36gf of ;ª\3if{af6 /fli6« o tyf cGt/f{ l i6« o h] n aflx/ cyf{ t \ hg:t/af6 l;s]/ gof“ ;ª\3if{sf] cu'jfO ug]{ kl/l:yltaf/] hfgsf/ Pjd\ :ki6 k~rfotL bdg tyf dfldnfdf tL pbf;Lg 5g\ . zq' aGg] / agfpg] cj;/df kl/0ft lg/ª\ s ' z tflj¿4 abnfsf] / ldq lrGg' / zq'lj¿4 ;ª\3if{ u5f}{“ . tL ljifo;“u ;DalGwt efj;lxt g]dlskfsf sfo{stf{, ug'{ Pp6f lg/Gt/sf] k|lqmof xf] /rgf n] v g, k| s fzg tyf ls;fg, dlxnf / o'jfx¿ h'emf¿ eGg]af/] hfgsf/L g/fVg' cfkm}“df cWoogdf hf]8 lbG5f}“ . uDeL/ 9·df lqmofzLn eP . cfkm\gf lk|o bofnfUbf] ljifo xf] . juL{ o l;+ x fjnf] s g, ;dLIff Pjd\ lgbf]{if sfd/]8x¿nfO{ h]nd'Qm zq'x¿k|lt ;w}“ s8f x'g gx'g], cfTd;dLIff ub}{ ;ª\3if{nfO{ gof“ u/] / } 5f8\ g ] ;°Nksf ;fy lj/f]w Psrf]6L u/] k'luxfNof] / 9·df dfly p7fpg] tof/L u5f}{“ Zj]tcft°sf aLr klg ljleGg af/Daf/ lj/f]w u/L zq'sf] 3]/f . qmflGtsf/L efjgf tyf ultljlwnfO{ rfn' /fv] . af}l4s lsg 7"nf] agfpg] of lbp“;} aQL k/Dk/fsf] lg/Gt/tfsf lglDt ;d'bfoaLr ce"tk"j{ Pstf ;d]t afn]/ zq' sdfpg] d"v{tf lsg ;t\k|of; hf/L /fV5f}“ . g] d lskf ;xL ljrf/, tof/ eof] . k~rfotlj/f] w L ug] { eGg] ljrf/ pbf/tfjfbL hgdt tof/ ug{ an k'Uof] . oL ljrf/ xf] . Tof] cfTd3ftL ljrf/ l;4fGt, ;RrfOsf lglDt / ultljlw @)$^ ;fnsf] ;+o'Qm xf] . zq' / ldq lrGg] dfldnfdf sfdbf/ hgtfsf] lxt x'g] ljifodf hgcfGbf]ngsf] k[i7e"ld ;flat vf] 6 of sdhf] / Ls} sf/0f #) jif{dfq xf]Og ;of}“ jif{;Dd eof] eGg' klg clto'lQm gxf]nf . ;ª\ 3 if{ d f k/fho ef] U g' k g] { ;ª\3if{ ug{ tof/ 5 . b]z / ;fy}, b]zleqsf] oyfy{ cj:yf, Jofjxfl/s kIfdf a]jf:tf ug{ hgtfsf] lgM:jfy{ ;]jfs} lglDt k~rfotL Joj:yfsf] jf:tljstf ;lsGg . k| l tlqmofjfbLx¿sf] g]dlskfsf] :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . / eQmk' / sf08af/] aflx/L lj/f]w tyf eT;{gf / ltgsf To; sfo{nfO{ s;}n] /f]Sg ;Sb}g . ;+ ; f/nfO{ cjut u/fpg ck/fw pbf·f] kfg]{ sfddf sf]xL dfS;{jfbL ljrf/, ;dfhjfb / g] d lskfsf g] t f–sfo{ s tf{ n ] c;xdlt hgfp“5g\ eg] tL :jod\ ;fDojfbsf] ljifodf g]dlskfn] k|jf;af6 u/]sf] ;ª\3if{ pNn]v k|ltlqmofjfbL x'g\ eGg' unt x'g] cys¿kdf af]ln/xg]5, n]lv/xg]5 gug' { cw" / f] x' g ] 5 . ef/t 5}g . ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] :d/0f / ;ª\3if{ ul//xg]5, h;n] hlt;'s}

e" s Dkdf cfxt eQmk' / sf hgtfdfly k~rfotL Joj:yfn] bdg u/]sf] pNn]v ug'e{ of] . hd{gLsf kmf;LjfbL zf;s lx6n/n] ;+;b\ ejgdf cfunfuL u/fO{ sDo'lg:6nfO{ bafpg] if8\oGq u/]h:t} k~rfotL Joj:yfn] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ u/L g] d lskf bafpg] hfn;fhL u/]sf] ljrf/ /fVg'eof] . pxf“n] ;+/f cd]l/sfn] g} tof/ kf/]sf] cftª\sjfbL ;d"xdfkm{t cfkm\g} 6\jLg 6fj/dfly cfqmd0f ug{ nufO{ ljZje/ o' 4 sf] cftª\ s dRrfO/x]sf] wf/0ff /fVg'eof] . g]dlskfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pjd\ k|bz ] g+ # sf ;f+;b ;'/G] b|/fh uf] ; fO{ n ] k| l tlqmofjfbL eGbf k|ltlqmofjfbL ;ª\3 ;:yfdf k;]/ hgtfsf] ;]jf ug]{ g]dlskfsf] gLltsf] sf/0f k~rfotL Joj:yf ql;t ePsf] egfO /fVg'eof] . pxf“n] k~rfotL Joj:yfsf] gfnfosL 9fs5f]k ug{ if8\oGqsf] af6f] lnPsf] eGb} b/af/ jl/kl/ a:g] k~rx¿sf] unt ;dembf/Lsf] sf/0f ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ ePsf] wf/0ff /fVg'eof] .

O;fgsf s]Gb|Lo sf]iffWoIf ps]z sjf+n] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’sf] a]nf g]dlskf ;lqmo ePsf] lhNnfdf bdg ePsf] pNn]v ug'x{ b“' } 36gfaf/] s]xL yfx} gkfPsf dflg;nfO{ Hofgd'2fdf km;fpg' if8\oGq g} ePsf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] cfkm" h]ndf a:bf /fhgLlts aGbLsf] ¿kdf /xL cWoog tyf cGt/lqmofdf Jo:t ePsf] cg'ej ;'gfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf O;fgsf cWoIf k|d] hg yfkf>]i7n] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’sf] ;dodf dWok'/df ;d]t bdg ePsf] cg'ej ;'gfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf O;fg, eQmk'/ lhNnfsf cWoIf k'?iff]Qd Ujf5f / pkfWoIf s[i0faxfb'/ k|hfkltn] klg af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] .

6fpsf] b'vfpmg\ ¤ zf]if0f, bdg, cGofo cTofrf/lj?4 af] N bf g]dlskf s;}sf] cg'xf/ x]/L a:b}g of s'g} gfkmf3f6fsf] kjf{x ub}{g . w] / } n fO{ 1ft ePs} s' / f xf] , g]dlskfsf] zAbsf]zdf ;}4flGts ljrng eGg] zAb g} 5}g .

b]zsf] cy{tGq ;/sf/sf] xftdf 5}g g]kfndf lelqg] ljk|i] f0f / cfoft Jofkf/ a9\g' g]kfnsf] lxtdf 5} g . o;n] sld;g vfg] ljrf}lnofx¿nfO{ dfq kmfObf u5{ . clxn] g] k fndf ljrf} l nof ;+ : yfut¿kdf uf“ l hPsf] 5 . :yfgLo tx, k|bz ] ;ef / ;ª\3Lo ;+;b\sf ;Qf / k|dv ' k|ltkIfsf hgk|ltlglwx¿ tyf ;/sf/sf dGqL / d'Vo – d'Vo sd{rf/Lsf] gfd hf]l8Psf] 5 . nufgL af]8s { f pkfWoIfdf Ps ljrf}lnof ;'zLn e§sf] lgo'lQm g} o;sf] kl5Nnf] pbfx/0f xf] . uPsf] ;fpg dlxgfdf () ca{ ?k}of“sf] xf/fxf/Ldf ljk|i] f0f cfPsf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . s[lif pTkfbgsf] nflu caf{}“ ?k}of“n] /f;folgs dn cfoft ul/P klg s[lif pTkfbgdf g]kfn cfTdlge{/ 5}g . jif{sf] vaf{“} ?k}of“sf] vfBfGg cfoft ug'{kb{5 . s]xL lbgcl3 Pp6f ;dfrf/ k|;fl/t eof], ut cfjdf ?= !$ ca{sf] ds}dfq cfoft eof] . ljut jif{ d f ^) ca{ ?k}of“sf] Jofkf/ x'g] ;jf/L ;fwg laqmL o; jif{ ynf k/]sf] ;dfrf/ k|sflzt eof] . /]ld6\ofG;af6 k|fKt /sd ;jf/L ;fwg, OGwg / kxf8 vf];|]/ ;8s agfpg vr{ ug'{ b]zsf] lxtdf 5}g . ;8s agfpg] lgx'“df lagfcg';Gwfg kxf8df 8f]h/ rnfOPsf]n] g} klx/f] a9]sf] xf] . ef/t;“usf] v'nf ;Ldfsf] sf/0f g]kfndf sf]le8 – !( ;ª\qmd0f /f]syfd x'g] k|Tofe"lt 5}g . tLg dlxgfsf] ns8fpg;“u} sf]le8 – !( /f]syfddf cln d2t k'u]sf] lyof] . ha v's'nf] eof] ;ª\ q md0f a9\ o f] . olta] n f pBf]uwGbf tª\lu|g] ck]Iff ug{ ldNb}g . ;/sf/n] ePsf] v]tLnfO{ cfjZos ;xof]u u/]df g]kfnL ef]s}

dg'k{ g{] 5}g . ;/sf/ pBf]uwGbf rnfpg] gfddf skf{ ] / ] 6 x¿sf] pS;fOlt/ nfu] g]kfnL vfg gkfP/ dg{] lbg klg cfpg]5 . g]kfnLx¿ j}bl] zs nufgLaf/] klg e|ddf kg{x' b“' g} . cl3Nnf] jif{ !# ca{ ^ s/f]8 ?k}of“sf] ljb]zL nufgL cfPsf]df ut jif{ !( ca{ $* s/f]8 ?k}of“ k'us ] f] /fi6« a}°sf] bfaL 5 . ljb]zL nufgL;“u} ljb]zL u'Ktr/ / ;]gf cfpg]tkm{ g]kfn ;/sf/ ;r]t x'g cfjZos 5 . hnljB'td\ f j}bl] zs nufgL emg\ vt/f 5 . sf] l e8–!( ;ª\ q md0fsf] cjlwdf s]xL lbgcl3 ;'gsf] d"No k|lttf]nf ! nfv ?k}of“ k'¥ofOof], clxn] 36\ b f] 5 . ljleGg sDkgLx¿sf] ;]o/ d"No ;'?df emfl/of], clxn] a9fO“b} 5 . ;'g / ;]o/sf] d"No tndfly x'gd' f klg dflkmofx¿sf] xft 5 . g]kfnsf] cy{tGq clxn] ;/sf/sf] xftdf 5} g . ;/sf/n] lghL c:ktfnnfO{ @) k|ltzt zo\of sf]le8– !( la/fdL pkrf/ ug{ 5'6\ofpg'kg{] cfb]z lbof] . oxL a]nf gf]a]n lzIf0f c:ktfn lj/f6gu/sf cfsl:ds ;]jfsf %% hgf g;{n] JolQmut :jf:Yo ;'/Iff ;fdu|L k|aGw gePsf] x'“bf /fhLgfdf lbP . ;/sf/n] lghL c:ktfnnfO{ sf]le8 – !( la/fdL pkrf/sf] zo\of 5'§ofpgdfq cfb]z lbg] xf] O g, :jfYosdL{ s f] nflu u' 0 f:t/Lo :jf:Yo ;fdu| L Joj:yfkg eP gePsf] klg cg'udg ug'{ cfjZos 5 . b]z}el/ lghL ljBfnox¿ xhf/f} “ ;ª\ V ofdf 5g\ . tL ljBfnosf sltko lzIfs / lzlIfsf – sd{rf/Lx¿n] r}t dlxgfb]lv tna kfPsf 5}gg\ . ;/sf/ s] ub{} 5 <

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;flxTo

(1 Sept. 2020)

Psfª\sL gf6s

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(1 Sept. 2020)

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Toxf“ ljleGg cft° km}nfpg] jf ;j{:j;lxt hGds}bsf] Joj:yf sfd ug{ ;Sg' ToxL efjgfn] xf] . lbafa lbg], hfuL/ arfOlbg], k| j f;df s7f] / hLjg Joltt g]dlskflj?4sf] if8\oGqsf] lj/f]w of]hgf agfPsf] sfuh km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . pQm d' 2 fdf !^ hgf t/, ;a} To:tf x'“b}gg\ . kf6L{leq d' 2 faf6 gfd lkmtf{ ug{ ug'k{ ¥of] . o:tf] cj:yfdf w]/} sfg'g ug{ yfn] . qmdzM k~rfotlj/f]wL em"6f k|rf/x¿ u/] / ! lbg Toxf“sf] cleo' Q mx¿nfO{ d[ T o' b 08 jf n's]sf cj;/jfbLx¿ To;a]nf nufpg]h:tf s'/f u/]/ cfTd;dk{0f Joj;foL, kqsf/, dfgj /fhg}lts bnsf g]tfx¿ Pp6} ;+;b\ ejgdf cfkm\g} u'Ktr/x¿ ;j{:j;lxt hGds}b -## jif{_ ;hfo ;fj{hlgs eP . kf6L{nfO{ ;°6 ug{ nufpg] sf]l;; u/] . tL clwsf/jfbL / a' l 4hLjLx¿n] d~rdf a:g] jftfj/0f aGof] / k| o f] u u/] / cfunfuL u/fP . dfu ul/Psf] lyof] eg] c¿nfO{ k/]sf] a]nf ;xof]u ug'{kg]{df JolQmx¿ clxn] sf]xL hfuL/af6 g]dlskfnfO{ ;fy lbg'eof] . of] @)$^ ;fn;Dd cfOk'Ubf jfddf]rf{ /ftf/ft ;of} “ sDo' l g:6 g] t f hGds}bsf] dfu ul/Psf] lyof] . ltgLx¿ zq' ; “ u ldNg uP . cjsfz kfO;s]sf 5g\ eg] sf]xLsf] v' z Lsf] s' / f xf] . pxf“ x ¿sf] / g]sfsf] ;+oQ ' m cfGbf]ng ug{;Dd sfo{stf{x¿nfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/] . ‘/fhgLlt u'nfkmsf] cf]5o\ fg ltgLx¿n] kf6L{sf u'Kt s'/fx¿ d[ T o' eO;s] s f] 5 . t/, tL ;xof]unfO{ xfdLn] ;w} ;Demg'k5{ . To;n] e"ldsf v]Nof] . k~rfotL sDo'lg:6 ;+f;bx¿nfO{ kbaf6 xf] O g’ eGg] efjgfsf ;fy k~rx¿;Dd k'¥ofP . d'Vo – dfG5] x ¿ hLljt /x' G h] n g]dlskfdfly nfu]sf] sfnf] afbn Joj:yf cGTosf ljleGg sf/0fdWo] avf{:t u/] . To;sf] 7fp“df cfkm\gf /fhg} l ts sfo{ s tf{ x ¿ d'Vo ;fyLx¿nfO{ kqmgsf] lglDt g]dlskfsf g]tf sfo{stf{x¿;“u &÷* dlxgfkl5 la:tf/} kmf6\b} ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ klg Ps xf] eGg k| l tlglwx¿ /fv] . :jtGq k|df0fåf/f s'g} lx;fadf klg k'li6 k~rfotlj/f] w L ljleGg ;xof]u u/] . kf6L{nfO{ 7"nf] wf]sf l;wf cf“vf h'wfP/ s'/f ug{ ;s]gg\, uof] . jf:tljstf hgtf;fd' cfpg ;lsG5 . slxn]sfxL“ g/fd|f] 36gfn] x' g g;Sg] pQm sf08df /fd|f] kl/0ffd Nofp“5 eg]sf] ;fob sDo'lg:6x¿nfO{ g} bf]ifL 7x¥ofP . o;/L ;+;f/sf] Oltxf;df oxL xf] . ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ g]dlskf bafpg k~rx¿n] /r]sf] 3[l0ft zf;g ;Qf l6sfpg ug] { if8\ o Gq lyof] t/ To;n] if8\oGqx¿dWo] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ k~rfotlj/f]wLx¿nfO{ Ps 7fp“df klg Ps xf] . o:tf sf08x¿ km]l/ Nofof] / b]zdf ax'bnLo Joj:yf – km]l/ klg x'g;Sg] x'b“ f /fhg}lts :yfkgf ug]{ jftfj/0f agfOlbof] . sfo{stf{x¿ cem a9L ;r]t eP/ ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ g klxnf] cufl8 a9\g' cfjZos 5 . cfuf]sf] ;fgf] lemNsf] klg lyof] g clGtd g} x' g ] 5 . ;fdGtjfbL / k'“hLjfbL zf;g h·ndf 89]nf] nufpg kof{Kt x'G5 Joj:yfdf o:tf if8\oGqx¿ eO g} eg]em}“ g]dlskfsf] Ps – Ps /xG5g\ . o;af6 ;a} /fhg}lts sfo{stf{nfO{ k~rx¿n] vt/f sfo{ s tf{ x ¿ hf] l uP/ lx“ 8 \ g ' b]v] . hf] cfuf];u“ v]N5 Tof] cfuf]d} d5{, hf] kfgLl;t v]N5 Tof] kfgLd} cfjZos 5 . zf;g ;Qf l6sfpg d5{ eg]em}“ if8\oGq u/]/ g]dlskfnfO{ k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿ slt;Dd qm'/ 9·n] ;dfKt kfg{ vf]Hg] k~rfotL Joj:yf k|:t't x'G5g\ eGg] Ps pbfx/0f cfkm} ;dfKt eof] . lglj{sNk hd{gLsf] ‘/fOv:6fu cfunfuL elgPsf] k~rfotL Joj:yf ;bfsf] sf08’ klg xf] . ;g\ !(## df ha nflu ;dfKt eof] . cfhsf g]skf lx6n/sf] pbo eof] pgn] / g]sfsf g]tf / sfo{stf{x¿n] klg sDo'lg:6x¿nfO{ bafpg ljleGg o:tf 36gfx¿af6 lzIff lnPgg\ if8\oGqx¿ u/] . cft°jfbsf] eg] k~rfotL Joj:yfem“} l5§} cGTo lj/f]wsf] gfp“df sDo'lg:6x¿nfO{ x'g' cjZoDefjL 5 .

k'h“ Ljfb g} hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] sf/s ¤ /fs:yf

!^ ebf} @)&&

(1 Sept. 2020)

e=lh=sf=b=g+= !–)%)÷%! e=k'=lh=x'=sf=b=g+=!–&$÷&%

!@

æsd{ r f/L=== /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{ cK;/f PsIf0f if8\oGqsf] lj/f]wdf sfg'gL ;ª\3if{ s} n fnL af/f lhNnf ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf u/] s f] pNn] v ug' { x ' “ b } pxf“ n ] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] eT;{gfdf ePsf] pQm sfo{qmddf kf6L{sf eQmk' / nufot b] z e/sf s}nfnLdf cgnfOg uf]i7L ePsf] j}slNks s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pjd\ af/f g]dlskfsf sfo{s { tf{x¿n] u/]sf] 5 . lhNnf ;ldltsf cWoIf d'lQmk|;fb u}/sfg'gL ;ª\3if{ :d/0fLo /x]sf] sfo{qmddf g]kfn dhb'/ ofbjn] )$% ;fndf g]dlskfnfO{ g]kfnsf zf;s bnx¿ g]kfnL sfª\u;]| , Pdfn] uy{] . pgL Odfgbf/L / ;/ntfsf k|tLs ag] . atfpg'eof] . ls;fg kf6L{ s f s]G b|Lo ;b:o gi6 ug{ if8\oGq ubf{ k~rfotL sDaf]l8ofsf /fhf l;+xfgf]s hgtf;“u g]dlskfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o vu]Gb|axfb'/ zfxLn] g]dlskfnfO{ Joj:yf :jod\ cGt ePsf] atfpg'xb“' } + Pdfcf]jfbL -g]skf_, /fk|kfx¿, dw];jfbL / ;gsdfg dxh{ g n] k~rfotL ;d"n gi6 ug]{ p2]Zon] k~rfotL k|ltlqmofjfbL zf;sx¿n] km]l/ klg hfltjfbL bnx¿ x'g\ . b]zsf] lxt / g]kfnLsf] xft]dfnf] ug{ cfkm\gf] u2L cfkm\gf lktfnfO{ ;'Dk]/ /fHo:t/af6 /lrPsf] ‘eQmk'/ Joj:yfn] @)$% ;fndf if8\oGq if8\oGqsf] hfn a'Gg;Sg] x'b“ f kf6L{ ;]jfsf] lglDt cfkm\gf] an / a'l4n] EofP;Dd 7"n7"nf ‘;dfhjfbL ;d' b fo’ bn :yfkgf u/L sf08’df k~rfot ;dfKt ePsf] / u/]sf] rrf{ ug'x{ b“' } kfgLdf v]Ng] sfo{ s tf{ x ¿ ;r] t / ;hu sfd u/]/ b]vfpg] dxŒjfsfª\Iff /fVg' g/fd|f] xf]Og . cd]l/sflj?4sf] /fhg}lts ;ª\3if{df nfu] . cd]l/sL t/, dflyNnf kbdf uP/ cf–cfkm\gf gftfuf]tfx¿nfO{ cfqmd0faf6 cfkm\gf] b]znfO{ d'Qm u/] / kl5 pgn] hgtfsf] hLt ePsf] atfpg'eof] . kfgLd} , cfuf] d f v] N g] cfuf] d } /xg'kg]d{ f hf]8 lbg'eof] . g]dlskfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;lsPh:t} k~rfot klg pxf“n] s[lifk|wfg b]zdf slyt of]Uo–cof]Uo gx]/L 7"n7"nf lhDd]jf/L lbg], ljb]zL cfkm\gf] u2L;d]t Tofu] . “ Lsf Ph]G6x¿;“u xft ldnfpg], b]z 8'afpg] nfj;sf /fhfn] u2L Tofu] / 5f]/f ;'efgfef]u+ Pjd\ afUdtL k|b]z;ef ;b:o g]dlskflj?4sf] if8\oGqs} sf/0f sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] ;/sf/ x'“bf k'h ;'/]Gb|/fh uf];fO+{n] g]dlskfsf] ;dfKt ePsf] atfpg'eof] . /f;folgs dn / pGgt 7]sb] f/ / Jofkf/Lx¿sf] lxtdf P]g – sfg'g agfpg] Ps sDo'lg:6 g]tfsf] ¿kdf /fi6«klt ag] t/ tTsfnLg ju{zq' k~rfotL ;fdGtL g]dlskf s}nfnLsf sf]iffWoIf laplahgsf] cefj ePsf] / e|i6 sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ;fy lnO{ hgdts} jf:tf b]zsf] :jtGqtfsf] lglDt h·ndf a:b} cflbjf;L gu/L zf;g ug{] dg;fo / p2]Zo k"0f{¿kn] lgGbgLo hgtf;“u ldn]/ pklgj]zjfblj?4 u'l/Nnf o'4df Joj:yf /x]sf]n] kf6L{n] b]z / hgtfsf] tyf g]kfn qmflGtsf/L dlxnf ;ª\3 atfpg'eof] . xf]ldP . kIfdf lnPsf] ljrf/ k~rfotL s}nfnLsf cWoIf nIdL k'gn] pxf“n] ;/sf/sf] a]jf:tfsf] 5 . lxhf] / cfhsf xfd|f /fhf, /fi6«klt / lsd On ;ªn] sf]l/ofnfO{ d'Qm ug{ hfkfgL tfgfzfxLsf] nflu cf“vfsf] sl;·/ ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ df dlxnfx¿n] sf/0f ;Ldf If]qsf ls;fgn] afWo ag]sf] atfpg'eof] . u/]sf] ;ª\3if{sf] rrf{ ug'e{ of] . eP/ ;Ldf kfl/af6 @–$ af]/f dn k|wfgdGqL tyf ef]ln tL kbx¿sf cfsfª\IfLx¿ pklgj] z jfb / cd] l /sL ;fd| f Hojfbsf] pxf“n] k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿n] g]kfn qmflGtsf/L lzIfs NofPsf]nfO{ ck/fw dfgL k|x/L ;Dem“ b f ljleGg b] z sf /fhf, /fi6« k lt / cfqmd0flj/f]wL ;ª\3if{df ;f/f sf]l/ofnL hgtfnfO{ ;dfhjfbL ljrf/ cGTo ug{ ;ª\3sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o hª\uaxfb'/ k|zf;gn] cgfxsdf b'Mv lbO/x]sf] k| w fgdGqLx¿sf] ;Demgf cfp“ 5 . /, xfd| f Psu7 u/] tyf cGt/f{li6«o hl6n s"6g}lts g]dlskfnfO{ ;d"n gi6 ug{ vf]hs ] f] tf/fdLn] g]dlskfn] n]lggjfbL rrf{ ug' { e of] . pxf“ n ] ul/a cfsfª\IfLx¿;“u tL ldq /fi6«x¿sf g]tfx¿af/] ;ª\3if{;u“ h'em\b} k|hu sf]l/ofnfO{ cfkm\g} v'§fdf atfpg'eof] . l;4fGtcg';f/ r'gfjsf] pkof]u ls;fgnfO{ To;/L b'Mv lbg] k|x/L hfgsf/L 5, 5}g jf xf]nf ls gxf]nf eGg] dgdf pEofP/ / hgtfnfO{ g} s]Gb| agfO{ ;dfhjfbsf] g]dlskfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o u/L k~rfotL ljs[ltsf] lj/f]w k|zf;gsf] Jojxf/ cGTo x'gk' g{] lh1f;f hfU5 . k'“hLjfbL cyf{t\ ;fd|fHojfbL / :yfkgf u/] . sDaf]l8ofdf cd]l/sL lk5nUu" pklgj]zjfbL b]zsf ljZjljBfnosf s"6g}lts b/afl/ofx¿n] ;}lgs ljb|fx] u/] . l;+xfgf]snfO{ Pjd\ sf7df8f}“ lhNnf ;ldltsf u/]sf] x'gfn] k~rfotL Joj:yfn] dfu ug'e{ of] . cWoIf gf/fo0f dxh{ g sf] if8\oGq u/]sf] atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf g]dlskf af/f Oltxf; Pjd\ tL b]zsf s"6g}lts JolQmx¿af6 ;QfRo"t / Hofg ;hfosf] 3f]if0ff ubf{ lsd On ;efkltTjdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf sfo{qmd g]dlskf s}nfnL lhNnf ;ldltsf h'a]/ cG;f/L, n]lvPsf k':tsx¿dfq k9]/ a'emL 6f]kNg] k//fi6« ;ªn] pgnfO{ pQ/ sf]l/ofsf] ;aeGbf 7"nf] b/af/ g]dlskfsf j}slNks s]Gb|Lo ;b:o lhNnf ;ldltsf cWoIf /d]zs'df/ z'e/Tg >Ljf:tj, /jLGb| ofbj / dGqfnodf sfd ug{] s]xL gof“ / k'/fgf sd{rf/L sDaf]l8ofsf] k|wfg sfof{no jf k|jf; ;/sf/ gf/fo0faxfb'/ b'jfn, lzlIfsf ;Ltf /fjnsf] ;efkltTjdf ePsf] lyof] . ljho ofbjn] klg af]Ng'ePsf] Pjd\ /fhb"tx¿s} sf/0f b]z cfh emg\ – emg\ agfpg :jfut u/]sf lyP . cK7]/f]df kb{} uPsf] t xf]Og eGg] k|Zgx¿ p7\g' leotgfdsf] d'lQm ;ª\3if{sf] a]nf k|mfG;n] k|hfklt, /fhjL/ 8+uf]nn] klg a' 6 jn lyof] . :jfefljs xf] . klxnf] k6s l8og s]g km'df sAhf ubf{ leotgfd, k~rfotL /fHo:t/af6 /lrPsf] To;} u /L g] k fn dhb' / ;' v { ] t g]kfnnfO{ a]nfotL ;fd|fHojfb / ef/tLo rLg / sf]l/ofsf] ;+oQ ' m u'l/Nnfx¿n] ;'?· o'4 ‘eQmk'/ sf08’sf] :d/0f ug'x{ b“' } ls;fg kf6L{ ¿kGb]xLsf] cfof]hgfdf g]dlskf ;'vt{] sf] cfof]hgfdf ] f] u/]/ k|mfG;nfO{ cfTd ;dk{0f ug{ afWo kf/]sf eT;{gf ug'e{ Psf] lyof] . ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] eT;{gf sfo{qmd ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] lj/f]w Pjd\ lj:tf/jfbn] uf]vf{ etL{ s]Gb|sf] ‘l;qmL’n] af“ws ;DkGg eof] . eT;{gf ub}{ ;f]daf/ cGt/lqmof lyof] eg] s]xL jif{b]lv xfd|f] b]zdf cd]l/sL lyP . sLlt{ k ' / ;fd|fHojfbn] u}/;/sf/L jf JolQmut ;]gf /fVg] hgjfbL u0ftGq rLgnfO{ ;+oQ ' m /fi6« ;ª\3df o;}u/L g]dlskf sLlt{k'/ sfo{ q mddf g] d lskf sfo{qmd ePsf] 5 . gu/ ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf zlgaf/ ¿kGb]xLsf cWoIf xl/;'Gb/ jf;Ln] sfo{qmddf g]dlskf ;'vt{] sf P]g agfP/ g]kfnL o'jfx¿nfO{ O/fs, ckmuflg:tfg, ;fd]n x'g 3R3Rofpg] OG8f]g]l;ofsf /fi6«klt cgnfOg dfWodaf6 ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ k|ltlqmofjfbL tŒjx¿af6 x'g;Sg] cWoIf xl/axfb'/ af]x/fn] kf6L{ lnlaof / l;l/ofdf ;d]t k|of]u ub{} cfPsf] lyof] . ;'sfgf{] lyP . o;sf/0f, ev{/ :jtGq / d'Qm sf] eT;{gf sfo{qmd eof] . if8\oGqaf6 gof“ k':tfnfO{ ;r]t sfo{stf{x¿ Odfgbf/ x'gk' g]{ / kf6L{ ;g\ @))@–)# ;Dd O/fs / ckmuflg:tfgdf dfq} ePsf t6:y / c;+ n Ug b] z x¿sf] a} 7 s sfo{ q mddf g] d lskfsf agfpg sfnf] lbgsf] :d/0f sfo{qmd lgb]z { gcg';f/ cfkm"nfO{ hgtfsf] %) xhf/ g]kfnLn] ;}Go sfd u/]sf] bfaL ul/Psf] OG8f]g]l;ofsf] jf·8'ª ;x/df cfof]hgf u/]/ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;'lgn k|hfkltn] u/]sf] rrf{ ug'x{ b“' } ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ ;]jfdf ;dlk{t ug{'kg]{df hf]8 5 -sfa'ndf g]kfnLsf] ‘;:tf] d[To'’ – sflGtk'/, !% Pl;ofnL / clk|msL b]zsf] Pstfdf ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf ebf} @)&&_ . o;sf] cy{ s] clxn];Dddf xfd|f lyP . n]lggjfbL lzIffcg'¿k k~rfotL sf kLl8t tyf k|lt/f]wdf ;lqmo lbg'eof] . e]gh] o' nfsf /fi6«klt x\ou' f] rfe]h /f]uL eP/ Joj:yfsf] lgjf{rg pkof]u u/]sf] sfo{stf{x¿sf] cg'ej ;'Gbf gof“ æg]dlskfsf sfo{stf{x¿n] zf;sx¿ /f0ff, zfx, g]kfnL sfª\u;]| , k~r, Pdfn], / kf6L{sf] lgb]{zgdf ‘k~rfot’ k':tfsf sfo{stfx¿ ;ts{ / Odfgbf/Lk"js { hgtfsf] ;]jf u/]sf] Pdfcf]jfbL, dw];jfbL, hfltjfbL cflb ;a} zf;s klg cfkm\gf] b]zsf] cfly{s Pjd\ s"6g}lts d'lQmsf] klqsf lgsfn] / hgtfnfO{ ;ª\3if{zLn aGg pT;flxt x'g] u/]sf] k~rfotnfO{ c;x\o ePsf]n] g} bn / JolQmx¿ ljb]zdf k};f lnP/ c¿;“u n8\g] lglDt cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfblj?4 ;ª\3if{ ubf{ub}{ ] o' nfsf] gof“ k':tf Nofl6g cd]l/sL /fhgLlts¿kdf ;r]t u/fpg] atfpg'eof] . g]dlskfnfO{ ;dfKt ug]{ of]hgfsf n8fs" x ¿ a] R g] , bf;x¿ a] R g] / ljb] z L lat] . t/, e]gh sfd u/]sf] atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf @)$% ;fnsf] ;fy ‘eQmk'/ sf08’sf] if8\oGq j]Zofnox¿df r]nLx¿ a]Rg] uNnfjfn / bnfnx¿ ;dfhjfbsf] lr/fusf] ¿kdf ;ª\3if{ ub{} 5g\ . ' m /fi6« ;ª\3sf] lrnLsf /fi6« k lt Po] G 8] cd] l /sL ‘k~rfot’ klqsfdf ljZj ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ df kLl8t tyf /r]sf] ;don] k|dfl0ft ul/;s]sf] x'g\ eGg] nfUb}g < To;}n] ;+oQ a}7sdf df]lxofg gfddf ;+/f cd]l/sL /fhb"tn] ;fd|fHojfbsf lk77" ;}lgs tfgfzfx lkgf]r;] u“ sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngsf g]tf dfS;{, k|lt/f]w cleofgdf ;lqmo sfo{stf{ 5Æ, pxf“n] eGg'eof] . { P“uN] ;, n]lgg, :tflng, dfcf], lsd zf]efnIdL uf];fO{+ / ;LtfnIdL g]qmfls;ª\3sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ‘g]kfnnfO{ dl;{g/Lh’ -ef8fsf l;kfxLx¿_ sf] b]z ;z:q ;ª\3if{ ub}{ /fi6«klt ejgdf jL/tfk"js On ;ª, lkm8]n Sof:6«fs ] f] of]ubfg k| h fkltn] cf–cfÇgf] cg' e j P]gaxfb'/ zfxLn] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’af/] eg]sf lyP . g]kfnsf] ;bgdf o;af/] k|Zg p7\of] ;lxb eP . lrnLsf hgtf cfh klg ;ª\3if{/t ' m /fi6« 5g\ . / hLjgL k|sfzg u/]sf] atfpg'xb“' } ;'gfpg'eof] . :d/0f ug' { x ' “ b } cfkm" uflj; t/ g]sfsf] ;/sf/af6 pQ/ cfPg / ;+oQ sª\uf]sf klxnf] hglgjf{lrt k|wfgdGqL b]z / hgtfsf] lxtdf g]dlskfn] e" s Dk kLl8tnfO{ /fxt dxf;ª\3df sf]iffWoIf x“b' f zf;s ;ª\3df g]kfnn] cfklQ klg hgfPg . b'ef{Uo ¤¤¤ lsg < ;To ToxL xf] . cg] s b] z x¿ Kofl6« ; n' d ' D af ;LcfO{ P sf] if8\ o Gqcg' ; f/ sDo'lg:6 cfr/0fnfO{ Jofjxfl/s af“8g\ ] egL gSsnL kLl8tx¿nfO{ bnx¿n] nf]edf km;fpg vf]Hbf k|of]u u/]sf]n] k~rx¿nfO{ c;x\o /fxt s'kg af“8b\ f cfqmf]lzt :yfgLo sf]iffWoIf kb g} kl/Tofu u/]sf] pklgj]zaf6 :jtGq eP, ltgn] cg]s ckdfg / a]lNhd]nL pklgj]zjfbLx¿sf] ;}lgs ljb|f]xsf] if8\oGqsf] lj/f]wdf ;ª\3if{ ub{} /x] t/ xfd|f zf;s lj?4 ;ª\3if{ ub}{ ;lxb eP . jt{dfg cd]l/sL ePsf] / ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ /lrPsf] hgtfn] x\of]hn" fO{ ahf/ 3'dfp“bf 36gfsf] :d/0f ;'gfpg'eof] . { ;a} ckdfg / /fi6«klt 6«Dksf] l;/fgLdf lx6n/sf] k':ts 5, atfpg'eof] . #÷$ 306f;Dd k|x/L d"sbz{s sfo{qmddf cSsnaxfb'/ / zf;s bnx¿ lgn{Hhtfk"js g]dlskfsf] Odfgbfl/tfaf6 /x] s f] / ;/sf/s} ef8fsf /fgf, t'n;L v8\sf, hutaxfb'/ x]nfxf]rf] ;x“b} 5g\ clg ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;DkGg egL pgL x/]s lbg To; k':tssf] cWoog u5{g\ / t;]/{ g} ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ /r]sf] k'li6 dflg;x¿n] x\of]h"nfO{ s'6lk6 nfld5fg], uf]ljGbgfy of]uL / em"6f sNuL klg leb{} 5g\ . t/, xfdLn] gof“ k':tfnfO{ em"6 s'/f bf]xf]¥ofP/ hgtfnfO{ ljZjf; lbnfpg] ePsf] atfpg'x'“b} s]Gb|Lo ;b:o u/]sf] rrf{ ug'{x'“b} zf]efnIdL nfnaxfb'/ yfkfn] klg af]Ng'ePsf] dgsf] b'Mv atfO/x]sf 5}gf},“ ;RrfO atfO/x]sf dGq l;Sb} 5g\ .

5}gf}“ . kl/l:yltn] xfdLnfO{ af“ws ] f] 5 t/ d'lQm ef/tLo k|wfgdGqL df]bL lx6n/sf lzio k|hfkltn] tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL uf];fO{+n] x\of]h"nfO{ c:ktfndf lyof] . kfpg] sf]l;; gug'{ bf;tfdf /dfpg' xf] . To:tf 6«Dksf clt 3lgi7 ldq x'g\ / rLgnfO{ ;°]t dl/rdfg l;+x, /fli6«o k~rfotsf pkrf/ gul/Psf] atfpg'eof] . b} n ] v ] f k'/fgf / gof“ k':tfk|lt cfufdL u/L ‘lj:tf/jfbL’ eGb} ef/tLo hgtf / cWoIf;d]tn] zjofqfdf ‘kmf“;L b]’ 3/df k6s–k6s vfgtnf;L u/L b}nv ] sf] rfd'08f ljGb|f;}gL dfgl;stf af]ss gf/f nufPaf6 GofokflnsfnfO{ k| x /Ln] %÷^ af] / f dxŒjk" 0 f{ gu/kflnsf j8f g+ !, @ / # sf] k':tfn] OHht / uf}/j cg'ej ug{] 5}gg\ . klZrd ljb]zL;fd' em"6nfO{ ;To b]vfpg] c;kmn k|of; k|efljt agfpg vf]h]sf] wf/0ff k':tsx¿ p7fP/ nu]sf] :d/0f ;+oQ ' m cfof]hgfdf ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ clk|msL b]z 3fgfsf /fi6«klt ljb]zdf /x“bf ub{ } 5g\ . ef/tn] ;z:q ;ª\3if{ gu/L a]nfotaf6 /fVg'eof] . ug'x{ b“' } pxf“n] c;f]h ! ut] ePsf] sf] eT;{gf sfo{qmd ;DkGg eof] . pklgj]zjfbLx¿n] ;}lgs ljb|fx] u/fP . t/, pgn] sfo{ q mddf g] d lskfsf wfwnLk"0f{ ;/hldgsf] lj/f]wdf kf6L{ sfo{stf{, lzÔs, a'l4hLjL, ;fd|fHojfb tyf pklgj]zjfbsf] lj/f]w ug{ 5f]8g] g\ k|fKt :jtGqtfnfO{ ef/t / kfls:tfg agfp“bf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o gf/fo0f dxh{gn] b]z dlxnfx¿n] h'n;' lgsfnL sf]0f;ef ljBfyL{ , dlxnf / kf6L{ / tTsfn lugLsf /fi6«klt ;]s't'/]nf]n] pgnfO{ Pl;ofdf a]nfotL pklgj]zn] o'4sf] lap 5¥of] . k| f s[ l ts ;Ldf ePsf] Pl;ofdf a] n fotL / hgtfsf] ;] j fdf sfd ug] { u/]sf] atfpg'eof] . z' e lrGtsx¿sf] pkl:yltdf cfkm\gf] b]zdf /fi6«klts} ¿kdf :jfut u/] . leotgfdsf /fi6«klt xf] lr ldGxn] l5d]sL pklgj]zjfbn] sfutdf gfkL gS;f ‘Dofsdfxf]g kf6L{dfly em"6f] if8\oGq /r]klg ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf kLl8t x/]s ;fdflhs b'/L sfod u/L ePsf] ;kmn gx'g] kf7 ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ n] JolQm;“u slxNo} gd]l6g] syf /x]sf] pQm sfo{qmddf g]kfn dhb'/ b]zx¿df sfd ul//x]sf leotgfdL hgtfnfO{ ;d]t nfOg’ sf]/L ef/tnfO{ rLg;“u le8fof], g]x¿nfO{ l;sfPsf] atfpg'eof] . rrf{ ug'x{ b“' } ;LtfnIdL k|hfkltn] ls;fg kf6L{sf lhNnf ;b:o tyf ;·l7t ub{} b]zleqsf /fhg}lts ;d"xnfO{ Ps rLg;“u le8fof], OlGb/f ufGwLnfO{ aª\unfb]z / g]dlskfsf j}slNks s]Gb|Lo @)$% ;fnsf] e"sDkaf6 cfkm"x¿s} rf=lj=g=kf= # sf j8f cWoÔ u/L tLg bzs;Dd k|mfG;]nL pklgj]zjfblj?4 kfls:tfg;“u le8fof], l;lSsd / >Ln°fsf] of]hgf ;b:o gf/fo0faxfb'/ b'jfnn] @)$% klg 3/ eTs]sf] / /fxtsf] nflu lg/saxfb'/ zfxLn] g]kfn dhb'/ ;z:q ;ª\ 3 if{ u/] , b' O { bzs;Dd cd] l /sL agfpg lbof], df]bLnfO{ g]kfn / e'6fgdfly cf“vf ;fn ebf} ( ut] s f] ‘eQmk' / kLl8tx¿sf] gfdfjnLdf slxn] /fVg] ls;fg kf6L{nfO{ ;d"n gi6 ug{ cfqmd0fsf] lj/f]wdf ;ª\3if{ ub{} b]znfO{ d'Qm u/] . uf8\g lbof] . o;sf/0f, c¿n] lbPsf] :jtGqtf sf08’df ePsf] HofbtLaf/] cjut slxn] x6fpg] u/]sf] atfpg'eof] . k~rfotL /fHo:t/af6 if8\oGq l5d]sL b]z nfj;sf /fhs'df/x¿nfO{ ;d]t JolQm / b]znfO{ w]/} dx“uf] x'G5 . g]kfnL zf;s pklgj]zjfb / cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] cfqmd0fsf] bnsf g]tf, k|wfgdGqL / pkk|wfgdGqLx¿nfO{ u/fpg'eof] . ebf} ( kl5 /flt – /flt k|x/Ln] /fHo /lrPsf] hfgsf/L u/fpg'eof] . g]dlskfsf k"js { G] b|Lo ;b:o cftª\s dRrfO/x]sf] a]nfdf 6f]n– pxf“n] eGg'eof], æk~rfotL lj/f]wdf Psu7 u/fP . sDaf]l8ofsf /fhfnfO{ ;d]t b]z / hgtfsf] ;]jfeGbf cfkm\gf] gftfuf]tf, ;DwL >Ls[i0f dxh{gn] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’sf] 6f]nsf dlxnfx¿n] k|lt/f]w u/]sf] ;/sf/n] @)$% ;fnsf] e"sDknfO{ k|mfG;]nL pklgj]zjfb / cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbL / HjfO“x¿nfO{ kbdf Nofp“b}df km';{b 5}g . ;dodf sLlt{k'/ kf“ufdf cfÇg} atfpg'eof] . ;ª\s6sf] a]nfdf cfÇgf] lgxLt :jfy{kl" t{ ug]{ cj;/ cfqmd0fsf] lj/f]wdf ‘lxGb lrgL’ b]zx¿sf] Pstf dfcf]T;]t·' /fi6«klt x'b“ f cfkm\gf] elthf]n] k7fPsf] kqsf] pQ/ @* jif{kl5 5flkof] – æltdL h:t} ;a} 3/df k|x/Ln] 3]/f xfnL kqmfp kf6L{sf sfo{stf{x¿ v]tdf cfO{ ;a} agfof] . o;sf] nflu s0f{k|;fb u/fP / ;kmntf k|fKt u/] . b]zsf] d'lQm / ;dfhjfbsf] :yfkgf ug{ o'jfx¿ k]lsª cfP ufp“ / b]zdf s;n] sfd u5{ u/]sf] :d/0f ug'e{ of] . wfg Joj:yfkg ul/lbPsf] pNn]v ug'x{ b“ ' } x\of]h"nfO{ ‘alnsf] af]sf’ agfO{ sfo{ q mddf g] k fn k|hfkltn] ;ª\s6sf] a]nfdf kf6L{ jf:tljs kLl8tx¿nfO{ /fxt /fi6«klt xf] lr ldGx 7"nf] ejgdf ga;L b'O{ tn] < To;}n] ;a} cf–cfkm\gf] 7fp“df a;]/ b]z / qmflGtsf/L dlxnf ;ª\ 3 sf ;ª\ u 7gsf] dxŒjaf] w ePsf] ljt/0f gu/L kÔkft u¥of] . ;fgf] 3/d} a;] . b/af/df kfx'gfx¿;“u dfq e]6 hgtfsf] ;]jf ug'{k5{ .Æ zf] e fnIdL uf] ; fO{ + , g] d lskf atfpg'eof] . k~rfotL ;/sf/n] x\of]hs " f] xTof pxf“n] o'jf–ljBfyL{x¿ kb– g] q mflj;ª\ 3 sf s] G b| L o sf7df8f} “ lhNnfsf k" j { ; b:o sfo{ q mddf g] d lskf u/L g] d lskfsf >4] o g] t f ‘‘g] d lskfsf=== af“ w s ] f] 5, olb Pd;L;L kf; ePdf k} ; fsf] lglDt geO{ b] z / hgtfsf] ;b:o ;/h' kml;sjfn] ‘eQmk'/ jf;'b]j 8ª\uf]n, g]dlskf sLlt{k'/ ¿kGb]xLsf ;lrj hlunfn yfkf, gf/fo0fdfg lah'S5]n “ ufot ;of}“ cd] l /sfn] klg xfd| f ] v' 6 6 \ f af“ W g] 5 , ;] j f ug{ s f] nflu /fhgLltdf sf08’ sf] 36gfqmd / g]dlskfsf] gu/ ;ldltsf pkfWoIf a'l4dfg lxdnfn kf08], sdnf ljs, dfwj sfo{stf{nfO{ ;f]sf] cf/f]k nufP/ b' j n } ] tfGbf g] k fnsf] cj:yf s:tf] nfUg' k g{ ] atfpg' x b “ ' } @@ xhf/eGbf ;ª\ 3 if{ a f/] k|:t'lt ug'e'{ Psf] lyof] . dxh{g, g]kfn qmflGtsf/L lzIfs clwsf/Lnufotn] cf–cfÇgf] wf/0ff kqmfp u¥of] . vfgtnf;Lsf] xf] n f <Æ a9L g] k fnsf ;/sf/L cfof] hs ;ldltsf cWoIf ;ª\3, sLlt{k'/ gu/ ;+of]hs /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . gfddf n'6kf6 u/L b'Mv lbPsf] pxf“ n ] 7] S sfk6\ 6 f / sd{ r f/Lx¿n] ef/tsf] tna vfP/ ;ljg Vofh" s f] ;efkltTjdf ePsf] /fdrGb| dxh{g, s[i0fk|;fb dxh{g af/f lyof] . zq'kl| t 3[0ffefj hufO/fVg u' G 8fubL{ a f6 o' j f–ljBfyL{ n fO{ 6f9f b] z 3ftL sfo{ ul//x] s f] d f To;sf] pQm sfo{ q mddf ;ldltsf pkfWoIf / g] d lskf sLlt{ k ' / gu/ o;}aLr af/fsf] sn}ofdf ebf} ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] eT;{gfdf o:tf /fVg' k g{ ] / :jod\ ; j ] s eO{ sfd lj/f] w ug{ ' k g{ ] cfjZostf k| s fz u' ? ª / ;b:o ldng u0f]hn" ] ;ldltsf cWoIf xl/s' d f/ ( sf] ‘eQmk'/ sf08’ sf] eT;{gf sfo{ q mdsf] cfof] h gf lg/Gt/ ug' { k g{ ] d f hf] 8 lbg' e of] . cf} “ N ofpg' e of] . klg af] N g' e Psf] lyof] . dxh{gn] klg cf–cfkm\gf] wf/0ff sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cfjZos 5 .Æ k|sfzs M ;/f]h/fh uf];fO{ | sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs M cg'/fwf yfkfdu/,kmf]g g+= ^^!))@^, ^^!)(@!,km\ofS; g+= ^^!#@)& | www.shramik.com.np | E-mail : shramikweekly@gmail.com | d'b|s M l;l4 u0f]z ckm;]6 k|];, eQmk'/, ^^!$&(#

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