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The English Week 2014
Anna Światłoń
George was the last British monarch born outside Great Britain: he was born and brought up in Germany. He studied genealogy, military history and battle tactics. He spoke in English, but he had a terrible German accent.
George VI was crowned as king of the United Kingdom in 1937. He was born in the 34th anniversary of the death of his greatgrandfather prince Albert. Queen Victoria wrote that she wanted to see a child born this day, very dear to her heart. Things about King George VI which you should know:
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He supported Winston Churchill completely and was an important symbolic leader for the British people during World War II, even visiting armies on the battle fronts.
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He was a sickly child, shy and with a complex, having tendency to cry. He had to wear uncomfortable rails. He had difficulty with writing. His diary was full of orthographic errors.
One day students pricked him, because they wanted to see whether he had blue blood.
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He took part in the Fist World War. He was a pilot that time.
In 1939 he said to the Nation: be calm, steadfast and united. He and his wife left the country. The Queen said: Children can’t go without me, I can’t leave the king and the king will never leave the country. The English Week 2014
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From George to Elizabeth
Anna Światłoń
Queen Elizabeth II was crowned head of state, when she was just 25 years old - after the death of her father, George VI, in 1952. She is now the second longest serving British monarch. Elizabeth was educated at home, along with her sister Princess Margaret.
12 facts about Elizabeth II which you should know: Elizabeth as a mechanic
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She doesn’t have a passport. She has visited 116 countries.
She drove a truck during World War II and she was a mechanic.
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Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip are third cousins — both are great-greatgrandchildren of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.
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Elizabeth and Philip
The pair first met when Elizabeth was 13 and Philip was 18, and it was love at first sight for the young royal.
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Elizabeth's parents did not approve of Philip, because he was without a kingdom — he had no financial standing, and he was considered a foreigner. 4
The Royals
The English Week 2014
Anna Światłoń
From George to Elizabeth
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Before the wedding, Philip renounced his Greek and Danish titles and converted from Greek Orthodoxy to Anglicanism. He also quit smoking cigarettes for Elizabeth.
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Grandsons Prince William and Prince Harry don't call the Queen "Your Majesty." To them, she's just "Granny."
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Elizabeth II in charity work.
The Queen speaks fluent French.
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Queen has 30 godsons.
She reigns in 15 countries, for example: Jamaica, Canada, Australia and New Zealand.
Elizabeth with her husband and children: Charles, Anne, Andrew and Edward
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The Queen is patron of more than 620 charities and organizations.
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The most interesting moment in the life of Queen Elizabeth II - ac- Mark Sutton dressed as James Bond becording to the British - fore the memorable parachute jump was a parachute jump alongside fellow stuntman Gary Connery with James Bond. dressed as Queen Elizabeth. However, instead of the Queen did it a stuntman but the British considered this event as exceptional. The English Week 2014
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Anna Gibas, Rafał Pochopień
Birth: 28 June 1491, Greenwich, London, England Succeeded to the throne of England: 21 April 1509 Reigned: 1509 - 1547 Marriages: six times Died: 28 January 1547 Family connections: Son of Henry VII and Elizabeth York Religion: In his early life he was a devout Catholic given the title 'Defender of the Faith' by the Pope. Following his liaison with Anne Boleyn he then changed to the Protestant religion, dissolved all the monasteries in Britain and established the Church of England Character of King Henry VIII: As a teenager he was flamboyant, studious but fun loving. In his later life he was cruel, arrogant and a hypocrite As a young man Henry was the second son and was prepared for a life in the church. The death of his elder brother Arthur changed the fate of Henry. In his early life he enjoyed physical activities including hunting, hawking (kind of hunting without killing animals), horseback riding, jousting (in this game two riders try throw enemy off a horse using lances), tennis, archery and wrestling. He was also well-educated, very intelligent and enjoyed writing and composing music. Henry VIII loved dancing, too. He had a serious accident while riding. A leg injury reduced his physical abilities in his later life.He gave in to excess in eating and drinking and became a huge, bloated figure. He had more than 1,5m in waist! The father of Henry was the first king in the Tudor family. His mother was an inspiration of arts gueen in English cards. Henry VIII had four sisters and three brother. Henry was married to: Cathrine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Cathrine Howard and Cathrine Parr.
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The Royals
The English Week 2014
Anna Gibas, Rafał Pochopień
Time of Henry VIII
Catherine of Aragon, who was a Catholic Princess from Spain, became a wife of Henry when she was 23. First she planned to marry his brother Artur, but unfourtanely he died. She gave birth to 2 children. The boy died after 52 days, and the daughter called Mary Tudor survived. Henry was very disappointed and decided to divorce Catherine, because they hadn`t son yet. Moreover, he fell in love with Anne Boyelyn.
Anne Boleyn first refused to be the wife of the king. They married because she got pregnant. She gave birth to a girl called Elizabeth and the king was disappointed again. She was very proud, arrogant, willful, had big temper and was over confident. When she became pregnant it was a chance for her, but she miscarried the baby, so Henry called her witchcraft and she was behaded.
She was completely different from Anna – meek, shy and obedient. She became pregnant the same time as Anne Boleyn, but there was a difference: She gave to Henry a longed-waited son – King Edward VI. In that time both daughters: Mary and Elizabeth were declared illegimate. Jane died after 12 days from fever. Henry was devastated. But after two years mourning he started to think about taking another wife...
The English Week 2014
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Time of Henry VIII
Anna Gibas, Rafał Pochopień
Marriage with Anne of Cleves, Protestant German Princess, was only a political arrangement. Anne of Cleves travelled to England and Henry met her for the first time as a bride. He was very surprised. He told all and sundry: “I like her not” and didn’t want to get married, but it wasn’t possible. The marriage was not consummated. Despite the fact that Anne couldn’t speak English, was a clever woman. She agreed to divorce. She got money, estates and deference.
Catherine was the cousin of Anne Boleyn. King Henry became obsessed with Catherine. It was described as a „pathetic infatuation” . He regarded her as his „Rose without a thorn” – young, virginal, pretty woman, very sweet and so natural. Catherine fell in love, but of course in Henry’s health and influences. Short after marriage Catherine started a sexual relationship with Thomas Culpepper. When King discovered that fact he didn’t want to see Catherine anymore – she was arrested. Tragic Catherine Howard was executed by beheading at the Tower of London - she was just 21 years old.
The HBO television produced the serial called ‘The Tudors’ which focuses the life of King Henry VIII. The series takes a look at the politican relationship, struggle with the Pope over first divorce, creation of the church of England and of course all of the marriages. The biography of king has never been so good.
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The Royals
The English Week 2014
Anna Gibas, Rafał Pochopień
Time of Henry VIII
Catherine Parr was a respectable and well educated widow. As a queen she made a mistake of taking the side of heretics (including Anne Askew). When she was to be arrested, she wisely apologised to the King Henry. Catherine was forgiven. Throughout the period of marriage she looked after Henry VIII, but it didn’t prevent the death of the King, who died in 1547. Catherine Parr became a widow again.
He died 28 January 1547. The body of King Henry VIII was interred on St George’s Chapel (Windsor Castle) with his third wife, Jane Seymour, the beloved mother of his son.
There is a famous rhyme describing the various ends of the wives of King Henry VIII:
The English Week 2014
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Marcin Gigoń, Jakub Stanik
The Elizabethan era was the time associated with Queen Elizabeth I reign (1558–1603) and is often considered to
Golden Age
be the in the English history. It was the bloom of the English Renaissance alongside with the English poetry, music and literature. This was also the time during which Elizabethan theatre flourished, and William Shakespeare and many others composed plays that broke free of England's past style of theatre. It was the age of exploration and expansion abroad, while back at home, the Protestant Reformation became more acceptable to people, most certainly after the Spanish Armada was repulsed. It was also the end of the period when England was a separate realm before its royal union with Scotland. Queen Elizabeth is one of the most famous queens of England. She was born in 1533 as a daughter of Henry VIII and was crowned in 1558. She was devoted to Anglicanism and established it as a national religion of England by fighting with C a t h o l i c s i n E n g l a n d . Elizabeth wasn't married because as she said she had married England. She had never married anyone. To many advisers she always refused to marry . That's why she is called the
"Virgin Queen". The most important achievements of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Elizabeth I was famous for leading England through war with Spain – a war when England beat Spanish Armada, her engagement in culture of England, and the her dedication to religion established by her father Henry VIII - Anglicanism. She made out of it a "real national religion of England". 10
The Royals
The English Week 2014
Marcin Gigoń, Jakub Stanik
Elizabethan Era
Reasons for beginning war with Spain The most important achievements of Queen Elizabeth are: leading England through war with Spain - war when England beat Spanish Armada, her engagement in culture of England, and the her dedication to religion established by her father Henry VIII - Anglicanism.She made out of it a "real national religion of England". Reasons for begining war with Spain: There are thousands of opinions about that but two of them are the most trustworthy. First is that England had begun to rob Spanish ships and was an important enemy in colonizing and discovering a "New World"; Second is that England helped the Netherlands in fighting with Spain while they were in conflict by, for example, sending to the Netherlands few thousands of English soldiers. War between Spain and England was short so I'll tell you only about the final battle fought in 1588. Both fleets fought for nine hours and eventually The Great Armada was defeated for the first time. There are also many opinions about reasons for deafeating Armada but I chose two that are probably true. First is bad weather - Armada was a huge fleet with
huge ships and it was much harder to communicate between them during storm than between small English ships. Historians say that English fleet had had much better strategy than Armada and it let them to win the battle. The war between England and Spain opened a new chapter in colonialism - England started to conquere more and more lands but Armada still was the most powerfull fleet. To sum up Elizabethian Era was filled with revolutionary moments like vicotry in war with Spain and the begining of colonizing lands beyond Europe and also English innovation in theatre, literature etc. that are noticeable even in present culture.
The English Week 2014
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Elizabethan Era
Marcin Gigoń, Jakub Stanik
Globe Theatre. The Globe Theatre was originally built in 1599, by brothers Cuthbert and Richard Burbaqe, after their lease from the previous site of "The Theatre" ran out in 1599. Located in Backside (a district of Southwark stretching for about half a mile west of London Bridge on the south bank of the River Thames), the Globe Theatre was built from the timbers of "The Theatre", which were carried down to Backside from the site of "The Theatre". The Globe provided a place for Shakespeare to write and perform his plays, but misfortunes were to follow this success. In 1613 during the performance of Henry VIII, the Globe was accidentally burned down when one of the cannons fired to mark the King's entrance lit the thatches and the theatre collapsed within an hour. Later on in 1642, 26 years following Shakespeare's death, the Puritans closed the Globe down and demolished it two years later to build tenements. The foundations were buried. In 1989, the foundations of the original Globe Theatre were found, and with this scholars and architects were able to reconstruct the original structure of the Globe Theatre, and the foundations of the new Globe Theatre were laid. In 1989, the foundations of the original Globe Theatre were found, and with this scholars and architects were able to reconstruct the original structure of the Globe Theatre.
Wiliam Shakespeare He was baptised on 26 April 1564. We don't know the exact date of his birth but in the 16th century it was normal for babies to be baptised within a few days of their birth (because so many died). In 1557 John Shakespeare married a woman from nearby Wilmcote called Mary Arden. The Shakespeare’s had 8 children. William Shakespeare probably went to Stratford Grammar School. However, we do not know what he did for a living when he was a young man but in about 1587 he went to London. He became an actor and a playwright. The theatres in London were closed from 1592 to 1594 because of plague but Shakespeare wrote two poems during that time, Venus and Adonis 1593 and Lucerce in 1594. William Shakespeare prospered and in 1597 he bought a house and gardens in Stratford for Ł60. William Shakespeare made his will on 25 March 1616 shortly before his death. He died on 23 April 1616 and was buried in the parish church. Anne Shakespeare died in 1623. 12
The Royals
The English Week 2014
Marcin Gigoń, Jakub Stanik
Elizabethan Era
James Burbage He was an English actor, theatre impresario, joiner, and theatre builder in the English Renaissance Theatre. He built The Theatre, the first permanent dedicated theatre built in England since Roman times. James Burbage was born about 1531, probably in Bromley, Kent. He was apprenticed in London to the trade of joiner, and must have persevered through his apprenticeship and taken up his freedom, as in 1559 he was referred to as a joiner twice in the St Stephen's register. Burbage took up acting and was the leader of Leicester's Men by 1572. Burbage married Ellen Brayne, the daughter of Thomas Brayne, a London tailor and sister of his later business partner John Brayne, on 23 April 1559. They were settled in St. Leonard's parish in Shoreditch by 1576, with residence in Halliwell Street or Holywell Lane. Burbage's son Richard Burbage became one of the most celebrated actors of his era. Cuthbert Burbage, Richard's elder brother, followed in his father's footsteps as a theatre manager. James Burbage was buried in Shoreditch on February 2, 1597. He died intestate. Having previously given his Blackfriars property to his son Richard and his personal property to his son Cuthbert, his widow presented an inventory valued at only ÂŁ37. James Burbage was born in 1531. He was the father of Richard and Cuthbert. He worked as an actor. He died in The Theatre on February 2nd 1597 aged 65 or 66 years old.
The English Week 2014
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Michał Marek, Wojciech Popek
History The royal family can trace its lineage back to 1066 when William the Conqueror conquered England. Since then there have been 42 monarchs from eight different houses. Most of them were completely nuts. Some notable relatives include hunchbacked Richard III, wife-killing Henry VIII, and sex crazy Queen Victoria. The current Queen has reigned almost 60 years.
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The Royals
The English Week 2014
Michał Marek, Wojciech Popek
Present Royal Family
Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II The Queen calls her family "The Firm," assumedly because they are powerful, secretive, and want to kill Tom Cruise. The sane one. Despite her obsession with Corgis, horses, and ridiculous hats, the Queen doesn't appear to be any more unhinged than the average English (German) grandma.
Prince Phillip, Duke of Edinburgh The insane one. We'll let him speak for himself: To the President of Nigeria, who was wearing traditional robes: "You look like you're ready for bed!" To a Scottish driving instructor: "How do you keep the natives off the booze long enough to get them through the test?" To English students studying abroad in China: "If you stay here much longer, you'll all be slitty-eyed."
Charles - the Prince of Wales Heir to the throne. Prince Charles has admitted talking to plants and left Princess Diana for Camilla ParkerBowles after tapes were released of a phone call in which he stated he wanted to be reincarnated as Camilla's tampon. This makes him one of the more normal members of his family.
The English Week 2014
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Present Royal Family
Michał Marek, Wojciech Popek
Princess Diana She failed her O levels twice and often joked about her poor academic record. For her engagement, Lady Diana selected a large £30,000 (£94,800 in today's terms) by Garrard. The sparkler consisted of 14 solitaire diamonds elegantly surrounding a 12-carat oval blue Ceylon sapphire set in 18-carat white gold. It now sits on Kate Middleton's finger, of course. Her wedding to Prince Charles on July 29, 1981 was broadcast in 74 countries and watched by 750 million people worldwide. Her funeral 16 years later had 2.5 billion viewers.
Prince William Known for drunkenly falling out of clubs, using up taxpayers' money by flying an army helicopter to a bachelor party, and dating a woman seriously out of his league:
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The Royals
The English Week 2014
Michał Marek, Wojciech Popek
Present Royal Family
Kate Middleton Her hobbies include walking, tennis, swimming, sailing, and painting. Is six months older than Prince William. Is distantly related to Prince William - they are 12th cousins once removed.
Prince Harry "The Spare." In his short life Harry has been photographed drunkenly feeling up women who aren't his girlfriend, smoking weed, and wearing a Nazi uniform to a costume party.
Princess Eugenie The "smartest" of the royals. After graduating high school with pretty average grads she celebrated by running naked through her school with friends. Sadly, there are no photos of this event (That we know of. Give it some time.)
The English Week 2014
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Present Royal Family
Michał Marek, Wojciech Popek
Kate & William FACTS: The couple only informed the Queen and the Prince of Wales of their engagement two hours before it was made public. Before their son was born, people were placing bets on the name. Alexandra, Victoria, Elizabeth and Diana were the bookies' favourite
names for a girl. George, Charles, Philip and James were the favourites for a boy. Kate and William chose George Alexander Louis. William’s full name is William Arthur Philip Louis Mountbatten-Windsor, and Kate’s is Catherine Elizabeth Mountbatten-Windsor. Prince William once attempted to detract attention from himself while in a nightclub, telling strangers his name was “Danny” and he “often gets mistaken for William”.
Prince George
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The Royals
The English Week 2014
Michał Marek, Wojciech Popek
Present Royal Family
God Save The Queen!
The young Princess Elizabeth, just two years old, already bears the burden of royalty and its requisite pomp with solemnity.
A family outing to the theater. With father King George VI and mother Queen Elizabeth watching a performance from a box at the Coliseum Theatre, London, 1939
photos
In a meditative mood at Windsor Castle, June 1940.
Reviewing the Grenadier guards on her birthday.
Elizabeth met Philip married on the 20th of November 1947. The happy couple with Prince Charles and Princess Anne.
Happy times on the balcony of Buckinham Palace for Prince Charles and Princess Diana after wedding, July 29, 1981.
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The Royals
The English Week 2014