FLEMINGTON
Precinct Structure Plan Tara Shokouhi 635 693 1
Flemington Precinct Structure Plan 2
Printed 29 October 2016
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Traditional Land Owners
This Flemington Precinct Structure Plan would like to acknowledge the Wurundjeri people as the traditional owners of the the land in and around the Moonee Valley City Council. Any proposals made throughout the course of this PSP, is done so with respect to the traditional land owners.
Group members & Graphical References
This PSP is an amalgamation of both individual and collaborative work completed throughout the course of the semester. A special thank you to fellow group members; April Aitchison, Fred Harrison and Terri Speirs, for all of their hard work and dedication.
External References
Statistics and background information about the precinct have been gathered from the following sources: City of Moonee Valley City of Melbourne Victorian Heritage DataBase - Heritage Council of Victoria .id Data Experts Public Transport Victoria VicRoads Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning
Unless otherwise specified, graphics and images incorporated within this PSP have been created or taken by Tara Shokouhi, and will not have a source note. In such an instance that included work has been created by or adapted from fellow group members, appropriate referencing will be made. References will be made as follows: April Aitchison (639 699) - Referenced as: A. Aitchison Fred Harrison (699052) - Referenced as: F. Harrison Terri Speirs (702217) - Referenced as: T. Speirs
Academic Staff
Thank you to Subject co-ordinators Gwenda Kullen and Subject Administrator and tutor, Raju Mazumdar. Also, a very special thank you to tutor Tom Vilsten, for his continuous support, feedback, knowledge, passion and belief, throughout the duration of this subject.
3
ASCOT VALE
Showgrounds Shops & Station
Debney’s Park Flemington Station Newmarket Plaza & Station
Flemington Racecourse
FOOTSCRAY 4
KENSINGTON
CONTENTS THE PLAN
INTRODUCTION Purpose of the PSP Precinct Overview Strategic Context Statistical Analysis Theories & Benchmarks Theories Benchmark City: Singapore Transport Intervention
7 8 10 13 14 17
Strategic Goals Vision Technical Assessments Open Spaces Streets and Facilities Land Use Heritage Social/Cultural Issues Opportunities
22 23 24 24 26 28 30 32 34 35
DEVELOPMENT D-01: Activity Centre D-02: Multifunctional Structures D-03: The Block Reactivation D-04: Public Housing D-05: Preservation
38 40 42 44 47
IMPLEMENTATION Community Engagement Package Implementation Timeline Zoning Final Words Figure Index References
79 80 83 84 85 86
ACCESS & MOBILITY A-01: Pedestrianisation & Walkability A-02: Streets & Congestion A-03: Transport Integration Network A-04: Shared Spaces A-05: Flemington & Showgrounds Stations A-06: Racecourse Road Car Park
50 53 57 59 61 66
PUBLIC SPACES P-01: The Riverside P-02: Greenery & Boulevards P-03: Interventions P-04: Pocket Parks P-05: Flemington Entertainment Hub
70 73 74 75 76
5
FLEMINGTON PRECINCT STRUCTURE PLAN
INTRODUCTION 6
PURPOSE OF THE PSP As the world’s most liveable city, Melbourne will become home to an estimated 8 million people by 2050 (Wright 2016; Jefferson 2016). In light of trend predictions, modern planning and urban design will now face a significantly larger role than in the past, as they work towards preparing Melbourne for the influx over the forthcoming years. The incrementation of Melbourne’s population brings along with it the necessity and urgency of further developments of suburbs around the CBD boundaries. Expansion in transportation infrastructure and housing developments alongside the improvement of existing streets and facilities are some of the key aspects to ensuring that Melbourne is well prepared to accommodate for all changes, and remain to be the world’s most liveable city. The Flemington Precinct Structure Plan will discuss, explore and propose necessary changes to better prepare for the suburb’s future. In line with Melbourne, Flemington’s steady population increase over the last several years has made the precinct an area of focus for future growth and development. At a close proximity to the CBD, Flemington is easily accessible by all means of transportation. Saying this, Flemington acts as the final destination, as continuing journey’s from this area become increasingly difficult. The transportation intervention proposal, as the key driver and source behind the creation of this PSP, will act as a mediator, connecting the CBD to the north-western areas of Melbourne, and by extension, providing a much needed airport link.
7
PRECINCT OVERVIEW Strategic Context: Location
Flemington City of Moonee Valley City of Melbourne
Located approximately 4 kilometres north-west of the Melbourne CBD, Flemington sits on the border of Moonee Valley City Council and the City of Melbourne. The precinct in its entirety is run simultaneously by both councils, with the Flemington Racecourse belonging to the City of Melbourne, and the rest of the suburb, to Moonee Valley.
8
PRECINCT OVERVIEW Strategic Context: Precinct Map
2
1
1
1
2
3 3
1
2
3
2
0m
1 2 3
Flemington Racecourse Station Showgrounds Station Newmarket Station
1 2 3
Showgrounds Village Racecourse Road Shopping Strip Newmarket Plaza
1 2 3
Mt. Alexander College
1
St. Vincent Liem Centre
St. Brendan’s Primary School Debney Meadow Primary School
2
Flemington Community Centre
200m
Commercial
Flemington Racecourse
Showgrounds
Crown St Stables
Maribyrnong River
Public Library
Centrelink
Housing Housing Commissions Commissions (Other) (High-Rise)
Parks
9
PRECINCT OVERVIEW Statistical Analysis: Demographic
Population
63.7
8,098
of
Persons Per Hectare
Population of Flemington based on 2016 census
A demographic analysis of Flemington between the years 2006 - 2011, and again from 2011-2016, demonstrates the precinct’s steadily inclining population. This trend is predicted to continue over the forthcoming years resulting in an urgent need for increased housing and infrastructure to support the growth.
Flemington
53.2%
Richmond
Carlton
Population Density
Gender
The predominant age for residents within Flemington, ranges from 19 - 49, with the peak sitting from 24-34 years of age. While there are varying ages throughout the precinct, the spike in age across the decade of mid-twenties to mid-thirties, alludes to the high volume of young adults and families who have begun moving into the area, revealing a necessity for affordable housing. Additionally, the younger demographic (below the ages of 19) and the older age group (north of 60), has seen an increase since the 2006 figures. Alongside affordable housing Flemington needs to ensure it is catering for users of all age groups by introducing more community centres, improving schools, and repairing streets and facilities, to cater for this growth.
[2011]
3,651
Total Dwellings
46.8%
Gender Divide 85+
80-84
3,289
75-79
70-74
65-69
102
Occupied Private Dwellings
60-64
55-59
Population in Public Dwellings
Flemington’s 2011 dwelling structure
A large portion of Flemington’s population, currently resides in public housing (refer to D-04). Many of the existing private dwellings are currently heritage listed and thus cannot be removed and the precinct is left with minimal vacant land spaces to develop expansive housing options. In order to ensure the suburbs rich heritage, history and character is not jeopardised in an attempt to cater for this growth, this PSP will explore solutions to the potential housing issue that may arise in the long term.
50-54
117ha
45-49
40-44
2006
35-39
30-34
[Pop. 7,195]
25-29
Land Area
2011
[Pop. 7,458]
20-24
15-19
10-14
x6
5-9
0-4
N.B:
10
Statistics on this page have been gathered from Profilie id.
Land Area of Flemington Comparrisson 1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
100
200
300
400
500
Population of Flemington divided by age group
600
700
800
900
1000
CHINESE 2.6%
PRECINCT OVERVIEW Statistical Analysis: Ethnicities
INDIAN 2.2% SOMALIAN 2.4%
VIETNAMESE 5.8%
ENGLISH 1.2%
ERITREAN 0.2% SUDANESE 0.2% ETHOPIAN 2.6% Background of Flemington Residents based on 2011 census
AUSTRALIAN 53%
NEW ZEALANDER 1.2%
One of Flemington’s prevalent strengths lies with its vastly multicultural population. Approximately 47% of the precinct’s residents are of varying non-Australian ethnicities. This plays an integral role in Flemington’s character and the manner in which these residents are accommodated for. Over the last 50 years, there has been an increase in overseas arrivals, with this trend predicted to continue. The majority of arrivals are from Asia, with Africa coming in at a close second. This is also evident in Flemington’s character as varying restaurants and shops of similar backgrounds have opened in locations such as Racecourse Road. It is therefore essential, that Flemington is able to cater for these arrivals through maintaining and promoting community acceptance, foster friendships and improve liveability through affordable housing. N.B:
5.5%
3.6%
Not Stated
Before 1960
5.0%
7.0%
1961-1970
1971-1980
15.6%
23.0%
1981-1990
1991-2000
15.1%
25.3%
2000-2005 2005-2011 Overseas Arrivals
Statistics on this page have been gathered from Profilie id.
11
PRECINCT OVERVIEW Statistical Analysis: Economics & Employment
Based on the 2011 census, it was found that the predominant occupation of Flemington’s residents are professionals, followed closely by Clerical and Administrative workers. These figures allude to the possibility that the reason for residing in this area is due to the precinct’s close proximity with the CBD. This would allow for quick and easy access to corporate businesses, hereby reducing wasted commuting times in the morning, slashing commuting prices (for both driving and parking as public transportation would be the easiest point of access) and thus proving to be an ideal living location. While the employment rate of residents has seen an increase since 2006, there has also been a simultaneous rise in unemployment rates in conjunction with the population growth. It is intended that the proposed changes in this PSP, the unemployment rate will begin to decline, despite the population growth trend. Introducing more employment opportunities within the precinct is essential, in order to continue to support residents both current and of the future.
N.B:
12
Statistics on this page have been gathered from Profilie id.
2006
2006
2011
4000
400
3000
300
2000
200
1000
100
0
Employed
Full-time
Part-time
2011
2006 2011
0
Unemployed
Looking for Full-time
Looking for Part-time
Employment & Un-employment Rates
7
9
8
1
6
5
Flemington Occupations
2
1
Managers
2
Professionals
3
Technicians & Trader Workers
4
Community & Personal Service Workers
5
Clerical & Administrative Workers
6
Sales Workers
7
Machinery Operators & Drivers
8
Labourers
9
Not Stated
Occupation based on 2011 census
4
3
In 2011 approximately 19% of households earned an income of $2,500 per week.
In 2011 approximately 15% of the individual population earned an income of $1,500 per week.
The Urban DMA Urban DMA is a revitalised theory based off Jane Jacob’s ‘Four conditions for urban diversity’ (Dovey 2016). Where Jacobs (1961) articulated the necessity for short blocks, mixed primary uses, concentration and old buildings in a city, the Urban DMA analyses spaces from a broader perspective of density, mix and access. Through ensuring that all future developments from an planning and designing perspective are structured by the urban DMA, it will inevitably allow for the beginnings of a better structured city. This PSP will improve existing infrastructure within Flemington, and to prepare for the precinct’s future, by using the Urban DMA as an underlying framework. This will therefore create a Flemington that can cater for an increasingly dense population, with easy access to all available amenities and with a suitable amount of mixture in what exists.
THEORIES & BENCHMARKS Theories
Affordance
The 20-minute Neighbourhood
James Gibson’s theory of affordance proposes a perception in which the built form is prepared for human interaction through the ‘affordance’ of opportunities for engagement (Dovey 2016). Urban design plays a significant role in guiding human actions within a space, and maximising affordances as opposed to determining them. Therefore, spaces and artwork that provide numerous opportunities for interaction through affordance, are considered to be essential in improving urban happiness within cities. The Flemington PSP will seek to adapt this theory through the proposal to increase urban interventions (P-04) and artwork within the precinct. By applying the theory of affordance to design proposals, it will ensure that the community continues to interact with all available facets of the suburb.
A theory based on the Department of Environments, Land and Planning’s Plan Melbourne scheme, the 20-minute neighbourhood advocates for neighbourhoods that have all necessary amenities and facilities to accomodate for a healthy lifestyle, within a 20 minute distance. Currently standing, Flemington has the key qualities necessary to successfully produce a 20-minute neighbourhood, with amenities, schools, transportation, entertainment and open spaces all within a short walking distance from one another. This PSP will seek to determine areas of improvement and work towards providing solutions to better prepare Flemington for its residents both currently and in the future.
DENSITY
HOW CLOSE CAN WE GET?
MIX
ACCESS
HOW DO WE GET AROUND?
WHAT’S THE ATTRACTION?
Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 1
13
THEORIES & BENCHMARKS Benchmark City: Singapore
Population
5,610,000 Area
719.1km²
0km
5km
10km
Others 3.3%
The analysis of international benchmark cities, play an integral role in shaping and developing future precincts. By taking inspiration from global precedents (what works and what doesn’t, what innovative changes have improved the city and what key qualities define the city as an inspiration) places such as Flemington can begin to work towards becoming a similarly innovative, sustainable and inspiring city. Using Singapore as a benchmark, there are many key qualities and traits that overlap and work parallel to Flemington. Flemington is known for its rich history, displayed through Victorian and Edwardian styled homes and stuctures, now heritage listed, Singapore has a strong colonial past. Both Flemington and Singapore proving to be locations consisting of diverse populations, a vast array of public housing and areas of numerous public open spaces. Additionally, with Singapore known for its city greening, compact urban design and the high-quality public transport network, it is a perfect benchmark city as a point of comparisson and inspiration as the PSP endeavours to achieve these goals for Flemington and its future.
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Indian 9.2%
Malay 13.4%
Chinese 74.1%
THEORIES & BENCHMARKS Benchmark City: Singapore
0km
10km
LEGEND Water Body
Residential Reserve Land
Institution Industry
Open Green Space
Commercial
MAXIMUM
Special Use
In juxtaposing the land uses between Flemington and Singapore it becomes clear that both harbour strong residential qualities. As it stands, approximately 80% of Singapore’s populace live in high-rise public housing, with 700,000 new homes proposed to be build by the year 2030 (URA 2012; Ministry of National Development 2013). Similar to that of Flemington’s large amount of heritage listed buildings, Singapore is currently home to 7,000+ heritage classified buildings (URA 2012). Using this as a basis for inspiration, and adapting the 3 ‘R’ principle framework to that of Flemington, we can work towards also creating a suburb that not only caters for the large demand in public housing, increases housing affordability but also ensures that the changes improve the quality of life for residents within Flemington.
“A sustainable city is also one that offers a good quality of life for all. A key aspect of this is in ensuring that housing is available and affordable.” (URA 2012)
Infrastructure
RETENTION
SENSITIVE
CAREFUL
REPAIR
RESTORATION
Fig. 4
15
THEORIES & BENCHMARKS Benchmark City: Singapore
GREENING & SUSTAINABLE CITY
PUBLIC TRANSPORT
Map by T. Speirs Adapted from T. Speirs 0km 0km
10km
LEGEND Train Line
Train Station
The public transport network within Singapore is well connected and integrated within the cities. It has been recorded that eight out of ten homes are a short ten minute walk from a train station, and the manner in which the different modes of transportation intersect and connect with one another improves the cities overall effiency (Ministry of National Development 2013). Adapting these aspects to Flemington, this PSP will endeavour to bridge the gap of transport connectivity both on a metropolitan scale (through the inroduction of the CBD-Airport underground train), and local, by ensuring there is connectivity between the existing trains, trams and buses (refer to A-03).
16
10km
LEGEND Water Body
Open Green Space
The Flemington Precinct Structure Plan has a strong focus on open spaces, greenery and sustainability. Using Singapore as a benchmark for inspiration, with over 350 parks and green infrastructure, Flemington can also begin to move forward, becoming a more sustainable and livable city (Ministry of National Development 2013). Through injecting more greenery and open spaces into the precinct (refer to P-02), there will be a reduction in Greenhouse gas emissions by the year 2020. Introducing more greenery will not only improve the overal aesthetics of Flemington as a suburb, but will also contribute to the overall public health and happiness of residents.
TRANSPORT INTERVENTION
SOUTH MORANG EPPING CRA IGI E
RN LINE
Overview
BU
MELBOURNE AIRPORT
BROADMEADOWS YL UR NB SU
BUNDOORA
E IN
N UPFIELD LI
TULLAMARINE
E
RESERVOIR
LEGEND
ST ALBANS
CAROLINE SPRINGS
COBURG HEIDELBURG
ESSENDON
MARIBYRNONG RIVER
NORTHCOTE
MARIBYRNONG FLEMINGTON
SUNSHINE
AIRPORT
TEMPLESTO
FOOTSCRAY
CARLTON
STOPS
YARRA RIVER
CBD
PROPOSED AIRPORT ROUTE
SOUTH MELBOURNE RIBEE LINE WER
METRO TRAIN ROUTES
WILLIAMSTOWN
LAVERTON
ST KILDA
ARTERIAL ROADS 0km
WERRIBEE
5km
0km
2.5km
5km
PORT PHILLIP BAY
Created by T. Shokouhi, edited by T.Speirs, adapted from T. Speirs
CAULFIELD
17
TRANSPORT INTERVENTION Overview
MELBOURNE AIRPORT (T1, T2 , T3)
P
MELBOURNE AIRPORT (T4)
P
7,181
AIRPORT LINE SCOPE AN INTEGRATED NETWORK OF SERVICES GROWTH & STRENGTHEN SUCCESS
8,756
AIRPORT WEST
P
16,392
13,466
SUNSHINE NORTH
WAY/REGIONAL FREIGHT &
ESTABLISHED OF THE INNER NORTH WEST KEILOR EAST & GROWING The CBD-Melbourne Airport rail route proposal, aims to better connect central RESIDENTIAL Melbourne through to the outer north-western regions and up to the Airport. 16,392 Melbourne’s current lack of public transport options to the Airport,REGIONAL were at the NETWORK forefront of this proposal. EDUCATION & MILLEARA SHOPPING P CENTRE RETAIL HUBS NATIONAL While many other cities around the world have Skyrails and underground train systems & REGIONAL connecting suburbs to their Airports, Melbourne’s primary form of public transport EVENTS access is with the renouned SkyBus. By introducing an alternate and faster method of 13,466 SUNSHINE NORTH P transport, Melbourne can work towards creatingCAPITAL a more diverse and intricate railway system.
KEILOR EAST
MILLEARA SHOPPING CENTRE
GLOBAL GATE
P AIRPORT WEST AND8,756 ATTRACTIONS WILL SUPPORT
13,466
EMPLOYMENT CLUSTER
AVONDALE
HEIGHTS The proposal requires the opening of the Flemington and Showgrounds station for daily use, hereby creating an opportunity for year-round usage of both sites beyond event seasons.
P
AIRPORT LINEP PROPOSED SERVICES
P
MARIBYRNONG
13,466
19,796
THE LINE WILL NEED TO SUPPORT MANY DIFFERENT USERS AND USESHIGHPOINT AND THUS MUST BE A RESILIENT & ADAPTABLE SYSTEM P
AVONDALE HEIGHTS
10,120 MARIBYRNONG
P
HIGHPOINT
P
MAIDSTONE
P
19,796
10,120
28,206
m
8,474
VIC UNI FLEMINGTON RACECOURSE SHOWGROUNDS
EVENTS SHUTTLE
LEGEND
28,206
Connecting Bus
Major Stop
Connecting Tram Regular Stop
MAIDSTONE
P
8,474 AIRPORT
Onsite Parking
(FLINDERS ST, SOUTHERN CROSS, SHOWGROUNDS/RACECOURSE)
VIC UNI FLEMINGTON RACECOURSE
EXPRESS
SHOWGROUNDS
28,206 2031 Population estimation of suburbs serviced P P
N.B:
Population Statistics on this page have been gathered from Forecast id.
P P
(FLINDERS ST, SOUTHERN CROSS, RACECOURSE, T1, T2, T3, T4)
Adapted from T. Speirs
ALL STATIONS
viced
18
P
Flemington: Introduction
FEA
TIME
- Tunnelling alone for large scale projects can take several years - More time spent on preliminary investigtions = quicker completion - Public support can wane over time + changes of government impacts
TUNNEL TYPE - Rail tunnels more complex and thus more expensive than most other tunnels - Large size, necessary safety equiptment, & electrical/mechanical equipment etc.
11 STATIONS
- Eleven new stations will have to be constructed, major stations like the airport & Highpoint will require large amount of ammenity - Underground stations will require lifts, stairs, elevators etc.
GEOLOGY - Melbourne geology not too challenging for tunnelling but underground utilities will need to be thorouhgly investigated - Tunnel Boaring Machines can cost $20-30mn
LABOUR
- 30-40% of tunnelling costs in Australia are attributed to labour requirements - High wages and safety requirements - Tunnelling often operates 24/7, TBM’s need skilled personel
MONOPOLY
TRANSPORT INTERVENTION
FEASABILITY
The proposed airport link provides many benefits to current and future residents of the areas it intersects with, however, the large scope and scale of the project gives way to certain issues surrounding feasability. While these issues are able to be resolved, they remain to be costly and time consuming. In using precedents such as the Elizabeth line in London running at a length of 42km and under River Thames, it becomes clear that the proposal has all the necessary means to ensure its successful completion, when compared to similar international case studies. Due to the length of the underground route, the lengthy process of tunnelling, will significantly impact and delay the completion of the intervention. This, however, provides an opportunity for preparations to be made surrounding existing infrastructures, along the route, from station entrances to amenity developments. Despite transportation issues from a feasability perspective, the project remains viable and is predicted to generate a sizeable prosperity.
EVENTS As the airport link requires Flemington and Showgrounds station to open for daily use, certain changes need to be made during peak event periods. Platforms will be layed out and divided in a manner that ensures event goers and users of the regular route are seperated. This wil lead to an easier and more efficient usage of the existing space. ‘Event only’ sectors will require scanning of ticket QR codes upon entry. In order to better differentiate between train routes, Airport trains will possess a different interior design, to better cater for suitcases and other luggaes, as well as exterior paint design. EVENT ROUTE FREQUENCY
5
Every minutes (2 hours prior and after event commencement and conclusion)
15
- Limited & usually overseas suppliers of tunnelling equiptment and materials - Only 6 major tunnelling contractors in AU, projects get less bids and thus gov. secure less competitive price
Diagram by T. Speirs
TICKETING
PASSENGER TYPE TOURIST(PTV 2013)
FARE TYPE $14 PREPAID VISITOR MYKI $10 ON RETURN
Every minutes (Throughout the duration of the event)
LOCAL TAKING FLIGHT
$10 USING NORMAL MYKI
REGULAR ROUTE FREQUENCY
AIRPORT EMPLOYEE
ZONE 2 FARE, SEPARATE GATE, REQUIRE AIRPORT ID
EVENT ATTENDEE
EVENT TICKET QR CODE OR ZONE 1 FARE
12
Every minutes (Running in conjunction with Event Express route)
Table by T. Speirs
19
FLEMINGTON RACECOURSE 20
FLEMINGTON PRECINCT STRUCTURE PLAN
THE PLAN 21
OPEN SPACES
STREETS & FACILITIES
LAND USE
To PROMOTE the use of exisiting open spaces within Flemington. It will REACTIVATE existing, UNDER-UTILISED and dead spaces through introducing year-round activities, redeveloping existing open spaces and IMPLEMENTING interactive urban design interventions.
To IMPROVE existing streets and facilities within Flemington, in order to better CONNECT and EQUIP the precinct for future growth. This will include ALLEVIATING traffic congestion in and around main arterial roads, REMOVING hazardous sites and INTRODUCING new parking spaces in key areas.
To ENHANCE existing residential spaces; of both private and public dwellings. IMPROVE spaces in and around the housing commissions, and work towards CREATING a mixture of various housing types to better cater for Flemington’s future growth.
To CELEBRATE Flemington’s rich heritage and history through all future developments, and design. In MAINTAINING and PRESERVING the existing heritage, all future residents will be able to appreciate the precinct’s unique CHARACTER and story.
Through INCREASING housing in the precinct, Flemington will be better inclined to PROVIDE and CREATE a more liveable and sustainable home for all future populace.
All existing heritage listed structures will be REFURBISHED or PRESERVED, in some manner to ensure they are able to withstand the forthcoming years.
Revitalising all spaces within the precinct will allow for a better DISPERSED PEDESTRIAN FLOW throughout the area, and will ensure MAXIMUM USAGE of Flemington’s key OPPORTUNITIES.
22
Ameliorating current traffic issues and upgrading key facilities will better PREPARE Flemington for all future challenges associated with the population incline.
HERITAGE
STRATEGIC GOALS
SOCIAL & CULTURAL To INTEGRATE the population’s rich CULTURE to existing infrastructure while promoting DIVERSITY within the precinct. To FOSTER friendships through the introduction of new COMMUNITY centres and social activities. Ensuring that existing spaces are IMPROVED and that the community has a say in what they want for the future of their HOME. Community involvement in developments and proposals is KEY, and a key driver behind this PSP.
VISION
A n area of captivating heritage and rich racecourse history, Flemington is the home to many Melbournians. The Flemington Precinct Structure Plan aims to address five key elements, which include: streets and facilities, land use, social and cultural, heritage and open spaces. Obtaining a cohesive community, strong sense of pride, respect and harmony are the fundamental ingredients that will guide Flemington to a brighter future. The Flemington cluster is envisioned to become green and sustainable with more contemporary designs, alongside vibrant entertainment hubs that encapsulate heritage and social spirit. Brining in an enhanced transportation network will not only provide connectivity, by fostering accessibility, but also open the doors to employment and economic opportunities. These positive changes will give stride to growth for a dynamic, resilient and liveable Flemington future.
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TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT Open Spaces
s Ep om ad Ro
Mt
.A
lex
an
Ascot Vale Road
de
rR
oa
2
d
4 3 Racecou
1
rse Road
Underutilised Spaces
ad
eld
fi ith
Sm
Ro
Flemington Racecourse
Flemington comprises primarily of a balance between residential and open spaces. With the Racecourse taking up approximately 50% of the precinct as a whole, it becomes a focus for analysis - how can this space be utilised, ensuring benefits for all future residents? It isn’t, however, the only space within the precinct that is not used to its full capabilities. Within the area there are, what could be defined as, ‘dead’ or ‘underutilised spaces’. These consist of existing areas and locations, that are not used to their full potential. They provide room for developments to be made to anything that is seen fit for the precinct. Currently, these underutilised spaces exist on the far east and far west sides of the precinct - within the Racecourse, and the Racecourse Road Housing Commissions.
24
Commercial Spaces to Reactivate
2
Crown St. Cafe/Park
200m
Outdoor Commercial Spaces
Parks
Public Open Spaces
1
0m
3
Newmarket Train Station/Park
4
Debney’s Park
Both locations cater to a high volume of users at variant days and times. By making use of these spaces with beautiful landscaping or necessary developments, Flemington can begin to improve its facilities for the growing demographic. With a $45 million grandstand development in 2000 (ProGroup 2016), Flemington Racecourse has the ability to provide for large quantities of people at any given time, providing a significant opportunity. In creating and holding events, extending beyond that of the spring racing season, Flemington as a precinct will see an increase in revenue being brought into the suburb. This can be used to the advantage of residents, as local restaurants and shops can work in conjunction with event organisers, to promote their local businesses.
TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT
LOCATION ACTIVITIES
Open Spaces
Based on data collected on 4/8/6, 8/8/16 & 9/816.
6
46
1. Flemington Racecourse
Standing
2.Crown St. Cafe/Park
Playing
Sitting
23:00
0:00
Eating/Cafe Seating
2:00
Event Visitors
3:00
- Flemington Events - Showgrounds Events
4:00
20:00
19:00
5:00
DIVERSE DAILY PROGRAMMING WITHIN FLEMINGTON
Students - School/University - Library
6:00
Residents 7:00
17:00
8:00
16:00
- Walking - Shopping
Night Owls - Late night out - Night worker
15:00
9:00 14:00
10:00 13:00
12:00
11:00
4.Debney Park
Station/Park
Physical Activity
Commercial Activity
21:00
18:00
3.Newmarket Train
1:00
22:00
50
97
Waiting for Public Transport
Other
No Activity
In analysing the well utilised open spaces within the Flemington, it becomes increasingly apparent that residents take advantage of spaces with affordance spaces that posses and promote multiple activities. There Business People is a stark contrast between the lack of users and activites undertaken by them at the Racecourse, against that of - Small Businesses the wide variety of activites undertaken and consistant - Employees - Self-employed users of other sites within the area. Most users appear to enjoy the spaces for pleasure or recreational uses, Sporting demonstrating the community’s appreciation for active open spaces. - Daily Exercise - Gym - Sports after work/ School - Sports on weekends
Out-Eaters - Fast Food - Cafes & Restaurants - Business lunch & Dinner - Family Dinners
The expansive user types can be categorised into 7 key categories; Event visitors, students, residents, night owls, busines speople, sporting and out-eaters. Each of these groups of users appear active within the precinct, on a daily basis. In ensuring that existing under-utilised spaces are reconfigured and revitalised for a variety of daily uses, Flemington can work towards becoming a self-containted mini-city, in which residents don’t feel the need to leave the suburb for activities and amenities, hereby continuing to regenerrating profit into the local businesses. Corresponding Plans: D-02, D-03, D-04, A-01, A-04, P-01, P-02, P-03, P-04 & P-05.
25
TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT Streets & Facilities WEST MARIBYRNONG
MOONEE PONDS
57
N
UR
404
EB GI
AI
CR
AIRPORT WEST GLENROY
ASCO
T VAL E
RD
59 951
S T
P
W E L L I N G T O N
E
!
S O M R
!
R D
!
59
57
S ST FLINDER N IO T A T S
M EL AI BO RP U O RN RT E
LD
95
R A C E C O U R S E
FIE
1
D
!
UP
LITTLE COLLINS ST
FLINDERS ST STATION
FL IN ST DE AT RS IO ST N 0
100
200
500m
LEGEND Railway Line
4
40
FOOTSCRAY
Train Station
400m
0m
Proposed Railway Line
Tram Route
Tram Stop
Bus Route
Bus Stop
Main/Arterial Road
Secondary Road Network
! Traffic Hazards
Map adapted from T. Speirs
26
TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT Streets & Facilities
Flemington’s three main arterial roads run along the periphery, it not only creates lots of congestion and safety issues, but also puts strain on the connectivity between external and internal areas of the precinct. Currently, there are three fatal areas within the precinct that require immediate attention; The Epsom/Ascot Vale Road roundabout, the entrance into Newmarket Plaza and the heritage listed bridge over the plaza (refer to A-02). All running along the same line, it becomes evident that Racecourse Road, beyond presenting issues of congestion, also harbours several hazards, that have the potential to result in fatalities if not repaired immediately.
Epsom/ Ascot Vale Road, roundabout
Photography: T. Speirs, 2016
Racecourse Road Bridge
A S C O T
V A L E
R D
Pedestrian Flow
Photography: T. Speirs, 2016
Entrance into Newmarket Plaza
P S O
FLEMINGTON RACECOURSE
E
Additionally, Flemington harbours all the necessary amenities and facilities to cater for the suburb internally. From necessary shopping precincts to community centres, schools and housing, all a short 20 minute walk of each other, it is already a key contender for Plan Melbourne’s ‘The 20-minute Neighbourhood’ (DELWP 2014). The close proximity of services at a walkable distance reveals the suburbs necessity for developments to cater for a walkable suburb. With an analysis of the pedestrian flow, it can be seen that the suburb is easily accessable on foot, with transportation available on all main arterial roads. It is one of the focuses of this PSP to ensure this positive feature is amplified, and that the suburb continues to promote walkability through safe spaces and inviting aesthetics.
Photography: T. Speirs, 2016
M D
Corresponding Plans: D-01, A-01, A-02, A-03 & A-05
R
By taking precautions such as developing Racecourse Road into an improved activity centre (refer to D-01), promoting walkability within the catchment (refer to A-01) and simply erradicating areas of severe danger through the introduction of new road rules (refer to A-03), Flemington can begin working towards becoming a safer, more pedestrian and car friendly subrub.
R A C E C O U R S E 0m
400m
UNINTERRUPTED PEDESTRIAN PATH
TRAIN LINES
R D
SAFETY ZONE TRAMSTOP
KERB SIDE TRAM STOP
PLATFORM TRAM STOP
TRAFFIC/ PEDESTRIAN LIGHTS
Map adapted from T. Speirs
27
TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT Land Use
0m
200m
200m
Including a large variety of land uses, Flemington primarily consists of public use and residential spaces. With the Racecourse a key focus of the area, residential dwellings take up close to the remaining 50% of the precinct. These include of an amalgamation of private and public dwellings, with the number of social housing in the municipality known to be the second highest in Victoria (Parliament of Victoria 2016). It is because of this, that through analysing the land use, residential areas, with a strong focus on housing commissions, have come to be at the forefront of this PSP.
Public Use
28
Industrial
Mixed-Use
Residential
Parks
Commercial
Additionally, the commercial pockets of the area and the vast amount of parks and open spaces, continue to accomodate for the strong residential precinct. It is through improving Flemington’s existing areas of strength, to cater for the future populace, with the safety, needs and desires of current residents at the forefront of decisions, that the precinct as a whole can continue to evolve in a modern and innovative manner.
TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT Land Use
LOCATION APPROPRIATE AF F HO OR US DAB IN LE G
ECONOMIC
Ecologically aware & Responsive
Prosperity & Opportunity
LE
Fig. 5
2007-2012
2008-2013
2009-2013
2009
Environmental Sustainability Plan
Community Wellbeing Strategy
Council Plan
Draft Housing Plan
2014
2010
2012
Housing Strategy
Moonee Valley Next Generation 2035
The strong residential precinct, comprising of both private and public dwellings, are strategically located at the centre, and heart of Flemington. As a result, all amenities, schooling, commercial pockets, entertainment hubs and some open spaces, are scattered around the periphery of the precinct boundaries. With a strong housing commission focus within the area, Flemington consists of several large high-density towers at the housing commission block to the east of Racecourse Road. To the west there is an amalgamation of more high-density towers alongside medium-density and low-density housing. Reviewing the expansive amount of released Housing Strategies and Council Papers released by Moonee Valley, it becomes apparent that the issue of livability and housing is one
Moonee Valley 2020
2015
Draft Housing Issues & Opportunities Paper
CI
AB N AI ST GN SU SI O DE
CI
SO
ENVIRONMENTAL
E
200m
IV
200m
AL L HO Y R US ESP IN ON G S
0m
URBAN CHARACTER
SO
Public Housing
E RS VE DI G S TIN ED EE NE
M
Private Housing
SOCIAL Community Health & Wellbeing
Fig. 6
extreme importance to the council. With the goal of working towards a vibrant future for housing commissions and their residents within Flemington, the council has produced six key housing directions that they aim to develop in conjunction with the three principles of sustainability, as seen in figure 3. This PSP acknowledges these principals and will thread these throughout the changes proposed for the housing Commissions (refer to D-04). Moving forward, Flemington must continue to support the increasing demand for more public housing , and work towads creating more affordable housing in the long-term. Corresponding Plans: D-04.
29
TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT Heritage
Flemington’s rich historical background is prevalent in every aspect of the suburb’s design. The large array of Victorian and Edwardian styled buildings, give the precinct a distinct and unparalleled character. Historically many of these beautiful buildings have become heritage listed, as both the council and government endeavour to maintain Flemington’s past for all future residents. While approximately 70% of the suburb is heritage listed and thus cannot be demolished or changed, the community has found ways to reactivate these spaces by changing the functionality of the sites to their advantages. Flemington’s Crown St. Stables, built in 1886, is a heritage listed building, redeveloped by the council. In converting the interior of the structure into a community run cafe, the council has played to the strengths of the precinct, ensuring that the heritage site is not only a place of historical significance but an area for the community to enjoy. In using this as a precedent, the PSP will continue to focus on ways to convert and develop spaces that can be used collective by the community.
0m
200m
With the large number of heritage listed sites, the council has placed priority predominantly on commercial precincts esablished between 1919 to 1940, transportation hubs, industrial areas and spaces of community use. As these are areas used daiy by a large volume of people, it is therefore the intention of this PSP to continue prioritising these spaces over residential heritage sites, in order to better prepare areas of public use for the community in its entirety.
Predominant Heritage Overlays: HO221 VHR no. H1329 HO79
HO272 VHR no. H2220
30
HO24
0m 0m
200m
200m
0m
200m
TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT Heritage
1830
Era
1860-1875
Photography by A. Aitchison, 2016
1875-1901
Mid Victorian Era
Photography by A. Aitchison, 2016
Photography by A. Aitchison, 2016 1945-1970 Modern
Late Victorian
1945-1965 & 1901-WWI
Juxtaposing heritage; Post war & Edwardian
1840+
Photography by A. Aitchison, 2016 2000+ Low density Apartments
Early Victorian; with updates
2016
Photography by A. Aitchison, 2016 1840-1860 Early Victorian
Photography by A. Aitchison, 2016
Flemington consists of varying types of heritage sites, demonstrating the precinct’s diverse history. Key elements dating back from the Victorian and Edwardian era with Italianate designs, to modern architectural buildings act as a visual and physical timeline to Flemington’s evolving and diverse culture. It is esential that all of these key structures and sites are preserved and maintained (refer to D-05), so that all future residents can continue to enjoy the suburb, its visual stories and culture.
Corresponding Plans: D-05.
31
TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT Social & Cultural
1
2
Better parks, gardens & open space
5 With an ethnically diverse population, Flemington provides a number of social pockets such as the Racecourse road shops and the community run cafe, Crown St. Stables. Many of these social pockets are run by recently migrated residents, families of low socio-economic backgrounds, and the elderly. The broad spectrum of age groups, genders, backgrounds and ethnicities of the users, demonstrates the suburbs acceptance of diversity. It should also be noted that as a result of the community’s strong interest in their homes, this PSP will include numerous charts based off surveyed data collected from numerous amounts of residents, during several site visits to Flemington. Many proposals and changes are based off information gathered from current residents and their first hand day-to-day experiences of Flemington.
80%
60%
Of surveyed residents would like a more aesthetically pleasing home and improvement on the design (Public Housing)
Of surveyed residents would appreciate an improvement on landscaping and amenities (public Housing)
76% Of surveyed residents would be happy with developments if they felt it didn’t take away from Flemington’s character or increase congestion Total of 54 people surveyed on 26/8/16 & 3/9/16.
32
4
1
Top 5 ways the character of the area is changing for the better
3
People surveyed based on data explored in the 2008 housing strategy. Information gathered on site visits; 4/8/16, 7/8/16 & 11/8/16.
Of the surveyed residents, A total of 69% would be happy with developments if it involved and/or included; a revitalisation & increase of public activities in open spaces, a revitalisation of unused open spaces within the precinct & Renovation of existing structures and new developments with similar characteristics
3
1
People surveyed based on data explored in the 2008 housing strategy. Information gathered on site visits; 4/8/16, 7/8/16 & 11/8/16.
10%
5
Appearance of homes/ renovations
1
Too much medium & high density development
2
Traffic Problems
3
50 2
18%
New housing developments
Better infrastructure, roads, footpaths, drains etc.
5
Top 5 ways the character of the area is changing for the worse
30%
4 2
4
69%
3
50
32%
Better shops, restaurants, cafe’s & entertainment
4
5
10%
40%
28%
16%
New developments out of character with existing housing
12%
Crime/safety
4%
Issues with pubs/clubs noise, behaviour of patrons
TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT Wrought with rich community driven and council run activites, the residents of Flemington demonstrate to have an extensive interest in the future of their home. Through presenting questions of what they would like to see more of in the precicnt, a resounding 87% exclaimed that while there was an adequate amount of activities and community involvement, it was an aspect that they enjoyed and would love to see increased. Following in just as closely was the residents’ desire for a public community space dedicated to discussions and forums about ways in which they can work towards improving a better functioning and livable Flemington. All the interest in active support and platforms to voice concerns, proves to be a significant area of opportunity. Future proposals and questions can be posed to communities through interactive artworks (refer to P-03) alongside discussions and workshops, to ensure that any future changes, caters to the want and needs of Flemington’s own residents.
“Place is the result of space that is overlaid with meaning by humans.” (Harrison et al. 1996, pg. 174)
Playgrounds Farnham House Reserve
Farnham Community Gardens
Skating Facilities
Social & Cultural
Photography by: A. Aitchison 2016
Q. What more would you like from a community interaction perspective? Would you like more community spaces, activities, workshops etc?
2
1
3
4
5
9%
Community Gardens Flemington Community Gardens
PHYSICAL
Photography by: A. Aitchison 2016
Homework Club
COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES
PROGRAMMES
Driving Lessons
Outreach Programmes Music Lessons and classes Dance Classes
Hatha Yoga
Diagram of selected community activities within Flemington
77% 87%
81% 79%
1
Want more community activites and spaces
2
Would love a public space dedicated to community discussions and interactions ie. community board in a public space
3
Feel there’s too many community activities already
4
Would attend community forums/workshops about how to improve Flemington
5
Would appreciate more connectivity in public transport within the precinct
Based on a survey of 43 people, collected on 17.10.16
Snapshots of social pockets within Flemington
33
ISSUES To ensure all changes, proposals and developments made to Flemington are done so with the intent of erradicating pre-exisiting issues within the precinct, and using the opportunities that currently exist, to their strengths, an Issues and Opportunities analysis is necessary. Below are some of the primary defining issues and constraints that Flemington currently faces. In order to better prepare the precinct for its future, these issues need to be addressed in a sustainable and feaible mannner to ensure long-term success. Corresponding directions that discuss solutions are presented below each identified issue.
Photography: T. Speirs, 2016
ISSUE: Epsom/Ascot Vale Rd roundabout
OPEN SPACES Developments and open spaces remain underutilised. D-02, D-03, D-04, P-01, P-02 P-04 & P-05 Abandoned and dead structures. D-03 Lack of greenery and green integration. P-02
34
STREETS & FACILITIES Traffic and congestion. A-02 Lack of enhanced and connected public transportation. A-03 Newmarket tram stop. A-02 Epsom road/Racecourse road Roundabout. A-02
LAND USE
ISSUE: Social Housing Infrastructure
HERITAGE
Social Housing infrastructure & developments. D-04
Heritage overlays restricting developments and renovations. D-05
Lack of affordable housing. D-04
Preservation. D-05
ISSUE: Under-utilised and abandoned spaces
SOCIAL & CULTURAL
OPPORTUNITIES While Flemington harbours several issues and areas of concern, there are multiple opportunities that currently exist within the Precinct. From the strong community culture to interactive social activites, heritage and culture visible in the built infrastrutre, the close proximity of amenities to one another and the pre-created open spaces available for use and events, all are areas of strong opportunities.
OPPORTUNITY: Affluence of open spaces ready for use
OPEN SPACES Places for potential and space for events. D-01,D-02, D-03, A-04, P-01, P-02, P-05, P-04 & P-05.
OPPORTUNITY: Strong community culture
STREETS & FACILITIES Close proximity and vast array of amenities allow for increase and improvement in walkability. A-01
OPPORTUNITY: Preexisting infrastructure
LAND USE Pre-existing public housing provides an area of diversity. D-04
All of these aspects can be used to Flemington’s advantage moving forward. Some of these are outlined below with the corresponding directions that discuss the means in which these opportunities can be utilised.
HERITAGE
Heritage overlays ensure community character is maintained. D-05
SOCIAL & CULTURAL Strong community culture, that is prevalent throughout the precinct providing Flemington with character and charm. A-04 & P-03
Pre-existing stations and amenities allow for development and daily use. A-03, A-05
35
DEVELOPMENT 36
D-01
ACTIVITY CENTRE
D-02
MULTIFUNCTIONAL STRUCTURES
D-03
‘THE BLOCK’ REACTIVATION
D-04
PUBLIC HOUSING
D-05
PRESERVATION
37
DEVELOPMENT
D-01: ACTIVITY CENTRE
D-01
Development of activity centre on Racecourse Road
OUTLINE As one of the precinct’s main arterial roads, Racecourse Road currently acts as both a commercial pocket and an entertainment hub. Primarily an activity centre and a node of significant usage, Racecourse Road is filled with traffic congestion at all hours of the day. This PSP hopes to alleviate some of the congestion and promote increased use of the activity centre by not only removing on-street parking and redirecting users to an alternate parking site, but by developing pedestrian and cycling walkways for an overall better Racecourse Road experience.
STRATEGIES 1. Remove all on-street parking along Racecourse Road between the Epsom Road and Flemington Road intersections. Redirect traffic to the newly developed underground parking (refer to D-05). 2. Expand pedestrian path, and introduce a painted cyclist lane in place of the old parking. Increase greenery through the creation of a boulevard. 3. Lower speed limits along Racecourse road, from 40 to 30 during peak times of 7:00am-9:30am, and 3:00pm-7:00pm. Increase ‘no right turn’ signs throughout the strip for peak times of travel, to ensure there are as little obstructions to the traffic flow as possible. While the current layout of Racecourse Road exhibits a lot of potential, traffic congestion and lack of aesthetically pleasing qualities significantly hinder the overall experience of the activity centre.
38
Corresponding Plans: D-04, D-05, A-01, A-02, A-03, A-04, A-06, P-02, P-03, P-04.
Current layout of Racecourse Road
DEVELOPMENT
Fig. 7
D-01: ACTIVITY CENTRE
Source: (Streetmix 2016)
As it stands, Racecourse Road is an area of severe congestion with several hazardous obstacles (refer to A-02). The current planning of the strip, with the inclusion of on-street parking, while efficent and helpful, continues to contribute to the issue of congestion, as site users require traffic to stand while cars proceed to exit parking spaces or enter them. By removing all on-street parking, and redirecting them to a newly developed multi-story underground parking (refer to A-06), traffic is now expected to flow through without any disturbances. Sidewalk
Street Sidewalk Parking
Street Parking
Proposed layout of Racecourse Road
Fig. 8
Additionally, lowering of speed limits during peak times will allow for a slow and steady flow of traffic during peak times.
New Speed Limits
Source: (Streetmix 2016)
30
New Sidewalk Design
During Peak: 7:00am - 9:30am 3:00pm - 7:00pm
40
All Other Times
New Sidewalk Design
By removing current on-street parking along Racecourse Road, it creates room for developments to the pedestrian pathways. Improvements and changes will not only include wider spaces, but large cycling laneways, and tree lined boulevards, with the trees acting as secondary safety, providing a green and aesthetic boundary between driving cars to pedestrians. The larger sidewalk now also provides opportunity for the placement of urban interventions (refer to P-03) and pop-up pocket parks (refer to P-04). The new sidewalk will present an opportunity to foster walkability throughout the precinct.
39
DEVELOPMENT
D-02: MULTIFUNCTIONAL STRUCTURES
D-02
Development and Introduction of Vibrant and multifunctional Structures
OUTLINE The prestigious Flemington Racecourse accomodates for a large variety of people during every event season. All access points to the site are vital, as any unappealing surrounds will inevitably detract from the overall ambiance of the Racecourse. The vacant block of land to the north of the Racecourse, while used as additional parking during events, is otherwise unused and under-maintained. This PSP seeks to reactivate this area by introducing a community-inspired, parking and entertainment complex, with private access to the station. This will also act as a ‘waiting space’ for patrons and station users.
STRATEGIES 1. Develop a multifunctional parking structure that can also be used as an entertaintment hub. Parking can cater for the opening of Flemington station for daily use, while also acting as a ‘detination’. 2. Improve surrounding landscape to act as an entrance to the Racecourse from the north-western side. Develop stairways and access points from behind the new structure to the Flemington Station platform to allow for an easy journey from the parking to the train platform, and to promote usage of the structure. 3. Implement a ‘Myki station’ behind the structure prior to the station entrance, complete with a minimum of 10 myki points and one ‘Top up Station’ to assist with the large influx of people during peak hours and event times.
The current state of the underutilised, inactive and dead parking space to the north of the Racecourse, leaves much to be desired. It is an area of opportunity for future developments.
40
Corresponding Plans: A-05, P-01, P-02 & P-05.
DEVELOPMENT
D-02: MULTIFUNCTIONAL STRUCTURES
Third Floor Second Floor First Floor Ground Floor Underground/ Basement Floor
From the empty parking lot to the north of the Racecourse, and a survey asking residents what they wanted to see this space turn into, the Flemington Parking structure was developed. This four story parking complex not only accommodates for a total of 200 cars at any given time, but also provides several open spaces and a rooftop eatery. The open spaces throughout the complex are open 24 hours a day to provide additional waiting space for users of the station. The rooftop eatery consists of several cafe’s/restaurants and bars. These small businesses will only hire and provide job opportunities to residents of Flemington that are unemployed, refugees or have recently migrated to the area. By providing job opportunities to those in need of experience and employment, the unemployment rate in Flemington can be addressed.
24 hour open space, and self-serve coffee station. Accessable through first floor parking.
Rooftop Eatery
1
Car Parking Cafe/Restaurant/ (approx. 50 Open seating spaces per floor) space
73%
2
84%
3
57%
4
21% 1
2
3
4
Parking Spaces
Resting Spaces
Entertainment Complex
More Apartments
Additional bar seating, to the west of the Eatery.
Exhibition/ Function room for hire
A key feature of this complex is the large tree and garden running throughout the centre of the structure. This will not only continue to promote the PSP’s proposal for necessary greening of the precinct, introduce additional lighting to each level, but will also provide an aesthetical point of difference from surrounding structures.
Multi-functional hire room with moveable glass doors
Balconies of west wing restaurants
41
DEVELOPMENT
D-03: ‘THE BLOCK’ REACTIVATION
D-03
Development and reactivation of ‘The block’ at Flemington Station
OUTLINE The Flemington Racecourse, predominantly consists of prestine and beautiful architecture, landscaping and facilities. It is for this reason that the open structure, (now renamed as ‘The Block’ for the purposes of this PSP) to the immediate south of the station, seems out of place and very unkept. The space, however, can act as an opportunity for redevelopment to foster community interactions.
STRATEGIES 1. Refurbish and clean the existing structure to prepare for daily use. Renovate and upgrade the open ceiling and ensure all safety precautions are met. 2. Introduce temporary interactive seating spaces, alongside commissioned artwork from local artists, that will promote and foster community friendships. The current ‘dead’, unhygenic and rusted structure, provides ample opportunities for changes to be made.
42
Corresponding Plans: D-01, D-02, A-04, A-05, P-02, P-03, P-05 & P-08.
Based on the results gathered from a public survey, several changes will be made to ‘The Block’. Now acting as a waiting open space, the newly renovated structure consists of newly furbished concrete floors with an open space to display local commissioned artists’ work. Taking inspiration from the successful urban intervention, the ‘Little Library’ in Melbourne Central, the eastern wall of the structure will be turned into a floor-to-ceiling library space in which residents can ‘leave a book, and take a book’. Based on a trust system, it will instill a sense of belief in the community, On the west wall, a newly painted blackboard taking up the entire size of the wall, will have varying phrases stenciled onto it, with chalk placed in front. Based off of Candy Chang’s ‘Before I die...’ project, this urban intervention will not only bring colour into ‘The Block’, but will provide a platform to foster friendships and interactions between members of the community. In keeping with the overall prestine appearance of the Racecourse, the exterior walls, and the remaining interior feature wall, will be converted to ‘living walls’. This will bring in that much needed greenery through more than merely planting of trees and creations of boulevards.
5
Top 5 answers to ‘What would you like The Block 1 to become?
50
4
1
Sitting/Resting/Waiting Space
2
Activity space to foster interaction
3
Interactive art space
4
Game room
5
‘Anything! As long as its not ugly!’
3 2
39%
21%
DEVELOPMENT
D-03: ‘THE BLOCK’ REACTIVATION b
Interactive Blackboard
a wall
b Living Wall c Booth Seating d Open space
a
c f
e
d
e Open wall entrance f
‘Little Library’
PRECEDENT STUDIES
By surveying a total of 50 residents of the Flemington area, it became increasingly obvious that if the stations were to become open for daily use, many residents wanted some sort of sitting, resting or waiting space, due to the structures close proximity with the train platform. A surprising 21% of surveyed residents commented that they would have appreciated a space that allowed them to meet new people.
e
a
f
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Visualisations of re-activated and re-developed ‘The Block’
3%
7%
30%
43
DEVELOPMENT
D-04: PUBLIC HOUSING OUTLINE Currently occupied by a significant portion of the population, Flemington provides a variety of public housing types from low-density to high-density towers. While these home to many of the current residents, the high demand for affordable and public housing is set to continue to rise over the next few decades. This precinct structure plan looks at ways to provide increasing public housing developments for the population growth, while remaining affordable and without hindering Flemington’s character.
D-04
Redevelopment of pre-existing high-density Public Housing within Flemington STRATEGIES
1. Redesign the surrounding landscape of the Racecourse Road public housing
precinct, to increase the overall urban happiness of residents and to improve the area’s general aesthetics.
2. Introduce mixed-use and medium-density housing throughout the Racecourse Road public housing precinct, to ensure Flemington produces more affordable housing to current and future residents.
3. Renovate public areas and open spaces within each public housing region, to ensure all safety measures are met. 4. Remove existing on-site parking at the Racecourse Road public housing precinct, and create underground parking, to open up room for future developments, open spaces and landscaping.
While the current public housing towers within Flemington are able to accomodate for a large number of residents thus proving to be successful, they falter dramatically from an aesthetics perspective.
44
Corresponding Plans: A-02, A-03, A-04, P-02, P-03 & P-04.
DEVELOPMENT
D-04: PUBLIC HOUSING
While Flemington is home to numerous public housing structures, the precinct to the east of Racecourse Road, is of the most importance. With approximately 13 towers within the area, a nearby park, school, community centre and community garden, it proves to be an advantageous area for development. The attached site plan demonstrats proposed chnges within the area, beginning with the removal of all on-site parking and relocating them to a newly developed undergournd parking. The new ‘Debney’s Underground Parking’, will not only cater for the large amounts of residents living in the area, but will also act as the primary parking for the school, community centre and local park. The two entrances to this multi-level underground parking are located to the east of Debney’s Park, and far east of Racecourse Road. This change not only allows for more development room (refer to page 46) to better cater for Flemington’s future, but looks to improve the overall aesthetic quality of the area. The new developments also include an increase in greenery and boulevards, improved landscaping and urban design, and additional playgrounds. These changes are set to introduce more affordable housing to the area, in a prime location due to its close proximity to surrounding amenities such as; the Racecourse Road commercial pocket, Flemington Bridge station and various tram stop. The changes proposed for the new Racecourse Road public housing precinct will serve as a precedent for forthcoming redevelopments to alternative sites within the suburb.
“In 2020, Moonee Valley will be an engaged and connected City where individuals and communities work together to support and improve the well-being and sustainability of its people, places and environments.” (Moonee Valley Housing Strategy, 2010)
LEGEND Other buildings Existing Social Housing towers Proposed Social Housing medium rise towers
0m
100m
Proposed mixed-use dwellings Proposed new Streets Debney’s Park
Entrance to new underground carpark
Community Garden
Playground/ Play Space
New water feature
45
DEVELOPMENT
Protection Protection Protection Protection Protection against Protection against against traffic against against traffic crimeagainst & crime & unpleasant unpleasant and accidents - accidents and ViolenceViolence- sensory sensory feeling safe feeling feeling safe secure experiences experiences feeling secure
12 KEY CRITERIA PROTECTION
PRECEDENT STUDY: Carlton Housing Redevelopment
12 KEY CRITERIA PROTECTION
D-04: PUBLIC HOUSING
Good
Opportunities Opportunities Opportunities Opportunities Opportunities Opportunities to stand/stayto stand/stayto sit to walk to walk to sit
COMFORT
COMFORT
Opportunities Opportunities Opportunities Opportunities Opportunities Opportunities to stand/stayto stand/stayto sit to walk to walk to sit
Opportunities Opportunities Opportunities Opportunities Opportunities Opportunities for play & for play & to see to talk & listen to see to talk & listen exercise exercise
Protection Protection Protection Protection Protection against Protection against against traffic against traffic against crimeagainst & crime & unpleasant unpleasant and accidents - accidents and ViolenceViolence- sensory sensory feeling safe feeling safe feeling secure experiences experiences feeling secure
Average Opportunities Opportunities Opportunities Opportunities Opportunities Opportunities for play & for play & to see to talk & listen to see to talk & listen exercise exercise
Scale
Opportunities Opportunities Positive Positive to enjoy the to enjoy thesensory sensory positive aspects positive aspects experience experience of the climate of the climate
Scale
ENVIRONMENT
ENVIRONMENT
Bad
Scale
Opportunities Opportunities Positive Positive to enjoy the to enjoy the sensory sensory positive aspects positive aspects experience experience of the climate of the climate
Scale
Racecourse Road Social Housing (Current State)
Racecourse Road Social Housing (After proposed changes)
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
AFFORDABILITY & PRECEDENTS: With the forecast predictions suggesting an influx of residents moving into Flemington across the next 30+ years, housing affodability has thus become a key area of focus. In order to attain housing that is as affordable, there will be an increase in mixed-use and mixed-type housing. Following in the footsteps of the Carlton housing redevelopment, Living Carlton, Flemington will begin to produce modern, medium density buildings with an amalgamation of both private and public dwelling. In conjunction with the dwellings, there will be an increase in community gardens and public open spaces to continue fostering friendships within residents. Additionally, several areas within these new buildings will comprise of small cafe’s and commercial pockets, dedicated to increasing the unemployment rate by providing job opportunities for residents of the Flemington housing commissions and recent overseas migrants. The inclusion of small local businesses will not only contribute to increasing local revenue, but will play a vital role in decreasing Flemington’s current unemployment rate by providing employees with necessary experiences.
46
Fig. 11
Source: (Citta 2013)
DEVELOPMENT
D-05: PRESERVATION
D-05
Preserving Flemington’s heritage and character
OUTLINE As an area of rich cultural history, Flemington is home to many heritage listed buildings. Many of these architectually diverse structures are a contributing factor to the precinct’s charm, and as thus, should be maintained for all future generations. This PSP acknowledges these heritage sites as a significant part of Flemington’s past, and endeavours to ensure all appropriate measures are undertaken to restore the structures where necessary. It is essential that Flemington continues to maintain its rich cultural character both presently, and in the future. Corresponding Plans: D-01.
STRATEGIES 1. Establish a list of heritage buildings in need of restorations based off site visits and tests to be conducted. Ensure each site has a personalised restoration plan, with public safety and building longevity as the focus for any changes and redevelopments in the structure. 2. Develop a long-term strategic plan at the conclusion of each restoration process, outlining methods of maintaining each structure and a timeline of necessary renovations for the future. 3. Analyse all current functions of heritage listed buildings. Look towards revitalising the site for public use in terms of functional purpose, if change is required. All functional changes to public heritage listed buildings are required to remain open to the public. Private dwellings will however, continue to remain private following any necessary restorations, if approved by the council.
47
ACCESS & MOBILITY 48
A-01
PEDESTRIANISATION & WALKABILITY
A-02
STREETS & CONGESTION
A-03
TRANSPORT INTEGRATION NETWORK
A-04
SHARED SPACES
A-05
FLEMINGTON & SHOWGROUNDS STATIONS
49
ACCESS & MOBILITY
A-01:PEDESTRIANISATION & WALKABILITY
A-01
Create safer & more pedestrian friendly spaces while improving walkability OUTLINE Over time, many suburbs and cities have become heavily car dependant for varying reasons. A lack of accessability to necessary facilities in any other mode of transport other than a private vehicle, is one of the predominant reasons of the car dependency. Flemington’s current layout and location of necessary amenities, makes it an ideal applicant for pedestrianisation and walkability. This PSP will use this key quality to its advantage by proposing simple changes to the subrub that will promote walkability within the neighbourhood, and evoke an increased desire in residents, to turn to walking as opposed to their cars, for transportation.
50
STRATEGIES 1. Extend and repair current pedestrian spaces and sidewalks, where necessary, along main arterial roads, and secondary roads within the precinct. 2. Promote walkability through competitions and ‘walk to school’ days, to get the community involved and start a conversation. 3. Increase lighting along all roads and streets within precinct to ensure a feeling of safety amongst residents for walkability at night. 4. Improve connectivitiy between spaces, so that the walking experience remains fluid and unhindered. Corresponding Plans: D-01, A-04, P-02, P-03 & P-04.
un
Ga
rde
n
500m
0m
Re
1,100
500m
800m
0m
Community Centres 800m
800m
600m
600m
900m
70
0m
900m
oo l
dar
yS
cho
ol
Pri
s tre en
Sc h
on
hC alt
ry
Sec
He
ma
80
0m
0m
60
s
rk Pa
Pub
Through increasing the opportunitiy for walkability in Flemington, beyond working towards improving the overall health and wellbeing of residents, a walking suburb would erradicate much of the pre-existing traffic congestion issues along the main arterial roads of the precinct. By creating spaces for people to walk, destinations for them to walk to, and providing residents with a safe and pleasurable experience.
Farmer’s Market
500 m
By analysing the distance between a centrally located residential home within the precinct, to that of all available amenities, it is demonstrated that Flemington is rather compact suburb. With all necessary facilities less than 1,200 metres away, it proves to be the ideal candidate to work towards promoting walkability and pedestrianisation.
ts
ran
u sta
60
40
m
ity
ark et)
mm
(Ne wm
Co
Local Shops (Newmarket)
s ge) op S h V illa s cal Lo ound gr ow
A-01:PEDESTRIANISATION & WALKABILITY
Tra nS tat ion
(Sh
ACCESS & MOBILITY
51
ACCESS & MOBILITY
A-01:PEDESTRIANISATION & WALKABILITY 1
2
3
4
USEFUL
SAFE
COMFORTABLE
INTERESTING
Jeff Speck’s theory of walkability outlines 4 key conditions necessary to achieve a walkable city, stating that in order to be successful, each city needs to be; useful, safe, comfortable and interesting. Adapting this theory to Flemington, it appears as though the conditions of ‘useful’ and ‘comfortable’ have already been met. An issue arises with safety- both physically and emotionally. In order to begin erradicating this; all sidewalks along main arterial roads will be redeveloped (refer to D-01) in order to creater wider pedestrian paths and an incrrease in greenery and boulevards (refer to P-02) will allow for the trees to act as a secondary boundary and safety for pedestrians against vehicles on the roads.
WALKABLE CITY
Fig. 14
1
2
3
4
Most aspects of daily life, and necessary amenities, are at a close proximity to one another.
Streets have been designed primarily for pedestrians, with no risk of injuries occuring. This also extends to the notion of feeling safe while walking.
Buildings, landscapes and open spaces are comfortable to acccess, and are not wide-open and sparse.
Sidewalks have a unique walking experience - interesting buildings and artwork. It makes residents want to walk through and enjoy the journey .
‘Walkability is both an end and a means, as well as a measure. While the physical and social rewards of walking are many, walkability is perhaps most useful as it contributes to urban vitality and most meaningful as an indicator of that vitality.’ (Speck 2012, pg. 4) 52
In order to promote walkability as a better alternative to public transportation and driving, much of the walking journey needs to be ‘interesting’. Through introducing public interventions (refer to P-03) that require residents to stop, think and interact, pocket parks (refer to P-04) along the way to destinations and interactive shared spaces where necessary (refer to A-04) that appear innovative, unique and fun, the overall walkability experience can be heightend. While achieving these conditions will take the much needed first steps to achieving a walkable Flemington, there will also need to be much promotion over the advantages of walking. Working together with community representatives, families and the council, to develop walking programmes and competitions, Flemington can begin to slowly stroll towards a brighter and more walkable future.
ACCESS & MOBILITY
A-02:STREETS & CONGESTION
A-02
Create safer & less congested streets along Racecourse Road OUTLINE One of the primary arterial roads in Flemington, Racecourse Road accomodates for a large influx of drivers and pedestrians on a daily basis. This causes some issues in terms of congestion and safety for all parties involved. Currently, the tram stop in front of the Newmarket Plaza and the roundabout at the intersection of Racecourse and Epsom Roads, are at the forefront of the issues, with accidents and fatalities bringing the areas to focus. This PSP will propose changes to move towards erradicating these fatalities and sites of concern, and to ease traffic congestion along the busy road.
STRATEGIES 1. Transform the existing Racecourse Road/Epsom Road/Ascot Vale Road roundabout, into a normal intersection with several lights and right/let turning lanes. 2. Remove the existing tram stop from directly opposite Newmarket Plza, and place it below the Flemington bridge. 3. Elevate all tram stops and increase pedestrian crossings at either end of each stop. Corresponding Plans: D-01, D-02, A-04, A-05, P-02, P-03, P-05 & P-08.
53
ACCESS & MOBILITY
A-02:STREETS & CONGESTION
EPSOM ROAD
11:00am
Due to its close proximity to the city and linkage to the north and north-western suburbs of Melbourne, Flemington’s main arterial roads are often congested and hazardous, not only resulting in delyed estimated travel times for drivers, but increasing safety concerns for pedestrians.
ASCOT VALE ROAD
Regardless of the time, as seen in to the right, Racecourse Road is consistantly busy, with majority of accidents occuring at peak times. In analysing the site, several key areas of concern, and issue have emerged: 1) Lack of elevated tram stops and pedestrian crossings to and from these. 2) Congested Epsom Road/Ascot Vale Road/ Racecourse Road roundabout 3) Entrance into the Newmarket Plaza from Racecourse Road - due to also being a tram stop as well as an entrance. When suveying a total of 35 residents as to what areas they felt were of concern and areas they were frustrated by in relation to the traffic and facilities along Racecourse Road, the roundabout was identified as the primary concern, followed by the newmarket entrance.
5:00pm
The following pages will discuss the proposed changes to each of these sites in order to erradicate any issues and congestions, and also to better prepare Flemington for all future growth and development.
3
1
4
1
37% Newmarket tram stops (safety)
2
38% Epsom Road roundabout
3
6% Bridge Height
2
1
54
4
4
19% Traffic (Parking on Racecourse Road effecting flow)
9
15 2
RACECOURSE ROAD
LEGEND
6 13
# Heavy Traffic Conditions
Medium Traffic Conditions
Light Traffic Conditions
Crashes & Fatalities
ACCESS & MOBILITY
Map adapted from T.Speirs & F. Harrison
A-02:STREETS & CONGESTION The roundabout joining Epsom Road, Ascot Vale Road and Racecourse Raod is an area of focus for issues of congestion and safety hazards. An analysis of the intersection trips during morning and evening peak times demonstrates the vast number of trips taken through the roundabout and when compared to the projected growth as a result of the new 23 storey, 346 apartment building currently being constructed to the north of the region, that high number is set to increase. With an additional forecast of 193 intersection trips during morning peak times and 206 during the evening, it is imperitive that the roundabout is removed and the traffic, recosntructed. Currently, the 57 tram passing through the region, while having right of way, has no dedicated traffic lights and competes for access. The lack of amenities for pedestrians hinder easy access to the tram stops, and increase safety risk. An amalgamtion of all these factors contribute to an average delay of 14 seconds during evening peak times for entrance into Racecourse Road, and 27 seconds upon entry to Epsom Road.
CURRENT Map adapted from T.Speirs & F. Harrison
Photography by: T. Speirs 2016
PROPOSED
Private Pavement/ Open Green Double Tram Cars entering Property Islands Space Track roundabout
As a result of all these key factors, the roundabout will be removed and instead, replaced with traffic lights and turning lanes. By redirecting traffic in this manner and introducing traffic lights there will also be room for much needed pedestrian crossings (refer to A-01), to create a safer and less congested experience for all users of the site.
Cars and trams competing for access through the hazardous roundabout. Traffic Lights
Photography by: T. Speirs 2016
Entrance to roundabout is often congested, leading to delays.
Tram Proposed Stops Traffic Lights
55
ACCESS & MOBILITY
A-02:STREETS & CONGESTION
CURRENT
FLEMINGTON
Similar to issues presented with the roundabout, the tram stop just to the entrance of the Newmarket Plaza presents issues of congestion and safety. With approximately 855,000 users at the Newmarket station each year, running over the top of this site, it is essential that certain changes are made in order to open up the vehicular flow in and out of the plaza, along racecourse road, and to improve pedestrian safety for all users. With a pedestrian fatality occuring in April of 2016 demonstrating its hazardous nature, several aspects will be changed in order to alleviate any future deaths. By raising all tram stops along racecourse road and introducing pedestrian crossings, much like in the Melbourne CBD, this will ensure that pedestrian safety and access is increased. Additionally, the tram stop in front of the newmarket entrance, will be removed and relocating to underneath the Flemington Bridge. This will not only allow for easy access to the station entrance, but will alleviate the congestion and safety issue for entrance to the Newmarket Plaza.
NEWMARKET PLAZA
KENSINGTON
0m
6m
PROPOSED
FLEMINGTON NEWMARKET PLAZA
[Left]: Visualisation of newly placed tram stop, underneath the Flemington Bridge. [Bottom Left]: A section mock up of the new location. Viewed from the west - east. Source: (Streetmix 2016)
KENSINGTON
Fig. 15 0m
6m
LEGEND
Buildings/built infrastructure
56
Parks/open space
Flemington New elevated Bridge tram stops
Pedestrian crossing
ACCESS & MOBILITY
A-03:TRANSPORT INTEGRATION NETWORK
A-03
Provide a better integrated transportation network within Flemington OUTLINE Flemington currently holds a wide range of public transportation facilities, from buses to trams and trains. The identified issue here, however, is the lack of public transport available through the internal parts of the precinct as all forms are located along the periphery, on main arterial roads. This PSP wishes to address this issue by introducing a bus route that not only runs frequently but also stops at several key amenities within the area, and all Train stations, to ensure easier accessability.
STRATEGIES 1. Identify key locations within the precinct that require better access. Engage in community workshops to identify amenities that the residents feel, lack accessibility. 2. Introduce the new shuttle bus, that will run through the precinct, joining all necessary amenities and stations. Corresponding Plans: -
57
ACCESS & MOBILITY
A-03:TRANSPORT INTEGRATION NETWORK Highpoint Glenroy Station
Moonee Ponds
880
880
Showgrounds
57
951 59
Ascot Vale
57
Airport West
404
Road
West Maribyrnong
Craigieburn
880
404
880
880
59
880
880
951
880
59
57 404
Melbourne Airport
951
880
57
Upfield
59
880 880
Flemington Racecourse
57
57
Newmarket
Flemington Racecourse
57
Racecours 404
e Road
880
Sky bus
Flemington Bridge
57
57
Lt. Collins St.
59
Flinders Street Station
57
57 Flinders Street Station
Melbourne Airport
404 880
404
0m
200m
880
404
Map adapted from A.Aitchison
Macaulay
404
Flinders Street Station
Kensington Upfield Linee Flinders Street Station
404 Footscray Station
404
Craigieburn Line
404
In using the current 401 ptv bus route from North Melbourne Station - University of Melbourne, via Royal Melbourne Hospital as inspiration, the proposed new 880 ptv bus will follow a similar dynamic. The 401 route acts as a make-shift shuttle bus, stoping at major landmarks and necessary stations in order to improve connectivity and accessibility within the region. Using similar principles, the proposed 880 bus will not only start at Flinders Street station, but while in Flemington will stop at; all train stations, travel through a significant portion of the residential streets, newmarket
58
Southern Cross Station
Flinders Street Station
plaza, the commercial pocket and school to the north of the precinct, and then alongside the Racecourse on Epsom road before continuing up to Highpoint. This enhanced transport route will also provide easier means of using public transport from homes to other destinations. Currently many residents use their car to get to the nearest station, this bus route will erradicate a large percentage of car usage to get to a transportation hub.
ACCESS & MOBILITY
A-04:SHARED SPACES
A-04
Introduce shared spaces to improve fluidity within Flemington OUTLINE As an area with various land uses and lots of key infrastructure, often the smaller aspects and spaces of the precinct go unnoticed. This PSP acknowledges that there currently exists several open shared spaces within Flemington that not only require a restoration, but also provide opportunity for the creation of pockets of aesthetically pleasing and interactive shared spaces. Corresponding Plans: A-01,P-02, P-03 & P-04.
STRATEGIES 1. Identify existing shared spaces with a variety of users. Renovate the area with visual stimuli and aesthetically pleasing works. 2. Commission local artists to create works specifically for the designated shared space. 3. Encourage interaction within the space by closing down vehicular entrance into the space for evening events, pop-up markets etc.
59
ACCESS & MOBILITY
Living wall or other artwork to liven up area
A-04: SHARED SPACES
Vacant spaces throughout the precinct hat are used as both man-made pedestrian paths as well as vehicular roads, can be redeveloped and renovated. By introducing colour through floor artwork, implementing small boulevards and even fairy lights over the tops, an otherwise vacant and unappealing space can be redeveloped into an inspired interactive space. This space can also be used to hold small pop-up events throughout the course of the year. It becomes an area of endless opportunities, for memebers of the community to use, how they plase.
Potential Planting (If space permits)
Additionally, most spaces will include security bollards at either end of the shared zone. This will contribute to the space’s transformative and multi-functional purpose, as cars can be redirected during certain times, if the space is being used for functions or events. The diagram on the right demonstrates a sample shared space, based on an empty block between two buildings on Racecourse Road. Visualisation of shared space behind social housing AFTER Security bollards at either end of ‘Shared Zone’ to re-direct traffic if need be, during peak/other times. 4
Varying painted designs on floors to differentiate shared zones from usual roads
5
3
1 ‘More colour’ 52%
BEFORE
2
The current vacant, man-made vehicular road behind the public housing on Sandown Road, can be revitalised through the introdution of boulevards and artwork.
60
“What would you like in your shared spaces?”
1
2 ‘Signs!’
38%
3 ‘Trees!!!’
5%
4 ‘Lighting please’ 3% 5 ‘Nothing. I don’t want it!’ 2%
ACCESS & MOBILITY
A-05:FLEMINGTON & SHOWGROUNDS STATION
A-05
Improve and prepare stations for daily usage.
OUTLINE
A key focus of this PSP is the opening of Flemington and Showgrounds stations for daily use. The transport intervention proposal requires these to function as normal stations as opposed to event stations. In order to best prepare for the underground rail-link to the Airport, the stations will both become open to the public so as to gather information about the way the site is used, what needs to be changed and what needs to be developed in order for it to continue functioning on a daily basis, in the long term. Prior to opening, however, several changes need to be made to both the Flemington and Showgrounds Stations.
STRATEGIES 1. Remove all external barricades and fencing that currently restrict access to the stations, such as the barbed-wire fencing at the Showgrounds. 2. Increase and improve access to the site, including developing several disabled-access elevators. 3. Redevelop parking in and around both stations to cater for daily needs of users. 4. Place new digital schedule boards at each site. In order to better prepare the stations for daily use, there will need to be numerous changes to the current layout and siteplan, starting with the removal of fences and barricades, permit parking and increased Myki readers.
Corresponding Plans: D-02, D-03, A-03, P-01, P-02, P-03 & P-05.
61
ACCESS & MOBILITY
While changing and improving the amenities within the immediate station to ensure efficient transportation for all users, is essential, Aesthetics also play a key role in user experience. By developing aspects such as the currently empty white wall along the south of the station into a living wall and increasing greenery thruoghout (refer to visualisations), we can begin to create an innovate, modern, interactive and efficient stations.
PLATFORMS
AMENITIES:
ACCESS
(Disability accesss, ease of access)
AMENITIES
(Myki readers, bathrooms)
TRANSPORT CONNECTIONS
62
Protection against unpleasant sensory experiences
Opportunities Opportunities to stand/stay to walk
Opportunities Opportunities to stand/stay to sit
Opportunities to sit
Opportunities Opportunities to talk to&see listen
Opportunities Opportunities for play & to talk & listen exercise
Opportunities for play & exercise
Opportunities to enjoy Scalethe positive aspects of the climate
Opportunities Positive tosensory enjoy the positive aspects experience of the climate
Positive sensory experience
Protection
Exisiting Proposed Changes
PROTECTION
Protection against against crime & unpleasant Violencesensory feeling secure experiences
COMFORT
Protection Protection against traffic against crime & and accidents Violencefeeling safe feeling secure
Protection against traffic and accidents feeling safe
Protection Protection againstcrime traffic against & and accidents Violencefeeling safe feeling secure
Protection Protection against against crime & unpleasant Violencesensory feeling secure experiences
Protectio unple sen exper
Opportunities to walk
Opportunities Opportunities to stand/stay to walk
Opportunities Opportunities to stand/stay to sit
Opport to
Opportunities to see
Opportunities Opportunities to talk to&see listen
Opportunities Opportunities for play & to talk & listen exercise
Opport for pl exer
Scale
Opportunities to enjoy Scalethe positive aspects of the climate
Opportunities Positive tosensory enjoy the positive aspects experience of the climate
Posi sens exper
Flemington Station (Current State)
Flemington Station (With Proposed Changes)
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
VISUALISATIONS:
TRACKS
12 KEY CRITERIA
ENVIRONMENT
areaScale of the
COMFORT
An increase in access and amenities is pivotal. This includes an additional Myki Top-Up station, Timetable/Schedule boards and connecting bus routes (refer to A-03). In Analysing the current space against Jan Gehl’s 12 Opportunities key to walk criteria list (visualised in the top rght), gaps and spaces for improvement can be seen. Due to the limited amount of statistical data provided for this station, as a result of its selective yearly usage, there is a gap in knowledge as to what is expected from the community. It is for this reason that the stations have proceeded to be opened up, ahead of the commencement Opportunities of the transportation intervention, in order to gather and collate data. to see This information will then be revisited closer to the commencement of the intervention, and if necessary, any appropriate changes will be made to better prepare Flemington Station for daily use and the ongoing train route.
ENVIRONMENT
Opening up Flemington Station for daily use, is the first step in reactivating and making use of an incredibly diverse site. While the station has the ability Protection to accomodate large amounts of people at any one given time, due to its against traffic use for events throughout the year, by opening it up for daily use, several and accidents feeling safe changes need to be made.
PROTECTION
A-05:FLEMINGTON & SHOWGROUNDS STATION12 KEY CRITERIA
Good
Average
Bad
ACCESS & MOBILITY
A-05:FLEMINGTON & SHOWGROUNDS STATION 1
Carpark & Entertainment Hub (D-02)
5
Increased Myki Readers
2
Entrance to Racecourse from Leonard Crescent
6
‘The Block’ (D-03)
3
Proposed Stairway Entrances
7
Increased Greenery (P-03)
4
Proposed Disabled access elevators
8
Fenced Entrance to Racecourse
1 3
6
4
0m
100m
7
2 3 5 8
4
63
ACCESS & MOBILITY
A-05:FLEMINGTON & SHOWGROUNDS STATION
Opportunities Opportunities to stand/stay to walk
Opportunities Opportunities toto stand/stay sit
Opportunities to sit
Opportunities Opportunities to talkto&see listen
Opportunities Opportunities for play & toexercise talk & listen
Opportunities for play & exercise
Opportunities to enjoy the positiveScale aspects of the climate
Opportunities Positive to enjoy the sensory positive aspects experience of the climate
Positive sensory experience
PROTECTION
Protection against unpleasant sensory experiences
COMFORT
Protection Protection against against crime & unpleasant Violencesensory experiences feeling secure
ENVIRONMENT
Protection Protection against crime & against traffic Violenceand accidents feeling secure feeling safe
Protection against traffic and accidents feeling safe
Protection Protection against crime & against traffic Violenceand accidents feeling secure feeling safe
Protection Protection against unpleasant against crime & sensory Violenceexperiences feeling secure
Prote un s ex
Opportunities to walk
Opportunities Opportunities to stand/stay to walk
Opportunities Opportunities toto stand/stay sit
Opp
Opportunities to see
Opportunities Opportunities to talkto&see listen
Opportunities Opportunities for play & toexercise talk & listen
Opp for ex
Opportunities Positive to enjoy the sensory positive aspects experience of the climate
P se exp
Scale
VISUALISATIONS:
PLATFORMS (Disability accesss, ease of access)
AMENITIES
(Myki readers, bathrooms)
Exisiting
TRANSPORT CONNECTIONS
Proposed Changes
Opportunities to enjoy the positiveScale aspects of the climate
Flemington Station (With Proposed Changes)
Fig. 18
TRACKS
64
12 KEY CRITERIA
Flemington Station (Current State)
AMENITIES:
ACCESS
COMFORT
Currently the stations require a lot of improvements in order to increase comfort for site users. The lack of aesthetically pleasing sights, lack of Opportunities sitting opportunities and interaction, diminish the site’s overall atmosphere, to see making it appear less than desirable. By introducing interactive seating, urban interventions (refer to P-03), increasing greenery (P-02) and removing the wired fencing from around the station, the showgrounds station can work towards becoming a more inviting and community-friendly transport node. Scale
ENVIRONMENT
Protection
Similar to the Flemington station, the Showgrounds station requires certain against traffic changes and developments to ensure it is well prepared for daily and use.accidents feeling safe Where Flemington require small cosmetic changes and amenity additions, the Showgrounds station requires structural developments with two added tracks and an extra platform. Currently, while able to cater for large quantities of people, it is unable to do so efficiently. By developing the station Opportunities tracks and platform, it will better prepare the station not only for daily use, to walk but for the large transport intervention.
PROTECTION
12 KEY CRITERIA
Fig. 19 Good
Average
Bad
ACCESS & MOBILITY
A-05:FLEMINGTON & SHOWGROUNDS STATION
1
Proposed new tracks
2
Proposed new platforms
3
Redeveloped main platform
4
Improved greenery within platforms
5
Underground tunnel to access new platform
6
Proposed redeveloped parking
The bove site plan proposes a few changes in order to better prepare the Showgrounds station for daily use. The introduction of additional tracks and new platform will be located to the south of the stations, where there currently exists little infrastructure beyond an informal open parking lot. Upon developing this space, a green park (8) will be developed in conjunction with a newly renovated parking space (6). An underground tunnel will be created (5) to provide access to the additional platform and the pre-existing building (7) will be restored in order to ensure it is safe for public use.
4 7
3
5
1 7
Refurbished building
8
Newly developed parkland and increased greenery
2
8
6
0m
10m
65
ACCESS & MOBILITY
A-06: Racecourse Road Car Park
Underground Parking Entrances/Exits
A-05
Develop a new underground Parking along Racecourse Road, to replace the on-street parking OUTLINE
Racecourse Road’s high level of congestion, and safety hazards can be eradicated by changing a few aspects of the activity centre. By removing all on-site parking and relocating them, it allows for developments of the sidewalk to increase walkability within Flemington. Through removing the parking, however, an alternative must be provided. It is for this reason that a new underground parking will be developed for the public.
STRATEGIES The curent on-street parking significantly impacts traffic congestion, as drivers have to stop and give way to those either attempting to park, or those trying to get out of one. The proposed changes are intented to remove this delay and increase travel times.
Corresponding Plans: D-01, A-01 & A-02.
66
1. Create a one level underground parking, directly underneath Racecourse road, with several entrances and exits. 2. Develop signs and billboards to advertise the new Racecourse Parking in order to effortlessly redirect all traffic.
ACCESS & MOBILITY
NO
A-06: Racecourse Road Car Park
31% If you could, would you get rid of parking on Racecourse Road?
YES
69% 5
49%
1 “Make wider pedestrian paths”
4
2
3 90%
1
11%
2 “Create a cycling lane” If yes, what would you do with the removed parking?
1
23%
3 “Plant more trees!”
If yes, why do you think it’s best for the parking to go?
2
15%
3
4 “Add another car lane” 2
1
2%
3
“Because it will help reduce traffic congestion on Racecourse Road.”
6%
“Because it will open up room for nicer things.”
4%
“Don’t Know.”
5 “Don’t really care...?”
When posing the question of whether or not the Racecourse Road Parking should be removed, more than 60% of the 50 people surveyed, gave a resounding and vibrant yes. All were in facour of relocating the parking elsewhere and improving the overall aesthetics of the activity centre, with new cycling lanes, renovated pedestrian paths and a boulevard. Approximately 90% strongly believed that the removal of parking to undergound would significantly improve the congestion that currently exists. The new parking will have several entrances in order to disperse and avoid any bottleneck congestions. These will be strategically located to the in and around Newmarket Plaza.
Proposed underground parking floor
Potential for further tunneling and additional levels, if required in future years.
67
PUBLIC SPACES 68
P-01
THE RIVERSIDE
P-02
GREENERY & BOULEVARDS
P-03
INTERVENTIONS
P-04
POCKET PARKS
P-05
FLEMINGTON ENTERTAINMENT HUB
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PUBLIC SPACES
P-02: THE RIVERSIDE
P-02
Introduce and develop ‘The Riverside’ OUTLINE
The reactivation of vacant and inactive open spaces, is a key focus of this PSP. ‘The Riverside’ is a small underutilised space along the Marribyrnong River, to the west of the Racecourse. By redeveloping and activating this site for residents, not only will it create a destination for local residents and visitors, but will an additional space for events and community-driven activities.
STRATEGIES 1. Re-landscape the Riverside with new green spaces, trees and an interactive water feature. 2. Hold community meetings to develop yearly event planning schedules for The Riverside. 3. Improve pedestrian pathways to also cater for cyclists and promote walkability within the area.
‘The Riverside’ is currently used as a vacant parking lot during event periods. While the parallel side of the river is active with parks and pedestrian pathways, the riverside itself remains empty and deserted, wrought with opportunities for development.
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Corresponding Plans: A-01, A-04, P-02, P-03 & P-05.
PUBLIC SPACES
P-02: THE RIVERSIDE
Through discussing potential design solutions with the community of Flemington, residents commented that they wanted more parks and fun structures for the Riverside. As a result, the newly designed open space, has the ability to cater for a vast array of events throughout the course of the year, in addition to acting as an open space park for residents and Victoria University students. The new design also aims to provide an open playing space for young children with the inclusion of a shallow water feature inspired by the public open spaces outside the State Aquarium, in Chattanooga, Tennessee (Refer to image below) and a grass hill. This space will act as a mediator to bridge the gap between the inactive western end of the Racecourse to the river and the active open space across the Marribyrnong.
3
4
What would you do with the riverside?
2
1
1
“More Parking” 11%
2
“A Park”
3
“Something fun 51% & interactive”
4
“More apartments” 3%
2 1
6
3
35%
5
4
PRECEDENTS AND INSPIRATION:
1
2
Fig. 20 Chattanooga, Tennessee
‘The 8 House’, Copenhagen, Denmark.
1
Water feature: Shallow Stream for children to play in
2
Grass hill
3
Boulevard by waterfront
4
Maribyrnong River
5
Pathway and Grass
6
Road with tree lined fencing
0m
50m
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PUBLIC SPACES
SEASONAL PROGRAMMING
P-02: THE RIVERSIDE
The newly developed and redesigned Riverside can be used for multiple events and functions throughout the course of the year. By holding seasonal events in the area, housing temporary pavillions and artwork, the Riverside will not only contribute to the increasing profit and revenue but the increase in overall urban happiness of Flemington’s residence. The inclusion of various activities will continue to contribute to the precinct’s unique and vibrant character, turning Flemington into an entertainment hub and ‘go-to’ destination for all Melbournians year-round.
5
4
3
What kind of events do you want in your new ‘Riverside’?
- ‘Coffee Appreciation’ Month - With temporary cafe stalls - Flemington Fete - Harvest Festival - Community outdoor breakfast - Outdoor ‘Dance-a-thon’ - Outdoor shows/musicals - Bonfire Fesitval - ‘Winter Festival’ - Pavillion Dinner Evening - ‘Sip, Drink, Warm up!’ Festival - Bonfire Night - Songs by the Maribyrnong
1
- Flower Show - Festival of Lights (Night) - Festival of colours - Outdoor Fashion Show - White Night
2
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- Alternating modern and innovative pavillions - Food truck festivals - Outdoor art gallery - Outdoor library - Ice-cream festival - Water show - Rowing competitions along the Maribyrnong River - ‘Community Pool’ using the Maribyrnong River - Outdoor art classes - Outdoor paint exhibtion/Activity
VISUALISATION:
1
Food Truck Festivals
2
Outdoor Art show
3
Flower Festival
4
Fete
5
Anything fun
Visualisation of a sample artist commissioned pavillion. Interactive artwork and pavillions are set to be placed within the Riverside on a temporary basis so as to ensure the site is constantly renewed and different.
PUBLIC SPACES
P-03: GREENERY & BOULEVARDS
0m
200m
P-03
Improve greenery within the precinct and create boulevards OUTLINE A key component of many proposals is the greening and creation of boulevards thorughout the precinct. The introduction of large amounts of green open spaces and trees into the area, not only contributes towards the reduction of greenhouse-gas emissions, therefore playing a significantly vital role from a sustainability perspective, but also improves the aesthetic quality of any given area.
Corresponding Plans: D-01, D-02, D-03, D-04, A-01, A-04, A-05, P-01 & P-04.
STRATEGIES 1. Create boulevards along main arterial roads; Racecourse Road, Epsom Road and Ascot Vale Road. Continue with boulevards of smaller scale trees down Elm Street, Wellington Street and Victoria Street. 2. Introduce a Riverside boulevard down to the west of the precinct. 3. Ensure the trees used keep in line with the current types used within Flemington. These include (Urban Forest VIsual 2015); - Platanus London Plane - Araucaria Norfolk Island Pine - Melia White Cedar - Schinus Peppercorn Tree - Lophostemon Brush Box
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PUBLIC SPACES
P-04: INTERVENTION “BEFORE I DIE...”Chalkboard
“Neighbourland” Project
P-04
Strengthen community character and cohesion through urban artwork & design OUTLINE With a vibrant and interactive community culture, introducing various artistic interventions throughout the precinct will provide residents with a voice to vocalise what it is they believe their homes need. This will act as an alternative to organised workshops - potentially classified as ‘informal discussions’ through art. Additionally, urban interventions may include a mere interactive seating sculpture that appears misplaced within a pocket park or open space. Projects such as these are intended to start a particular conversation, either amongst residents or from residents to local councils.
STRATEGIES 1. Introduce interactive interventions throughou the precinct, to promote community opinions. 2. Implement artwork interventions to double as innovative open space designs. Corresponding Plans: D-03, A-01, A-04, P-01, P-04 & P-05.
Urban interventions have the unique ability to start conversations, foster friendships and improve happiness. Using inspiration from artist and Urban Planner Candy Chang’s interventions of the ‘Before I die...’ chalkboard and ‘Neigbourland’, residents of Flemington can also begin to create beautiful art while voicing their concerns and wants for their home. Interactive artwork interventions will be places throughout the precinct depending on the type of intervention and the purpose. While this will include more serious interventions such as ‘Neighbourland’, in order to gage community feedback, there will also be chalkboard with various random questions placed throughout the precinct.
Fig. 21
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Fig. 22
PUBLIC SPACES
P-05
Introduce pocket parks to small under-utilised spaces, and pop-up parks to reactivate quiet spaces.
P-05: POCKET PARKS & POP-UP 1
OUTLINE
Flemington, with its strong community culture, responds well to interactive urban designs and community activities. By introducing small pocket parks between buildings, and pop-up parks throughout the rest of the precinct, Flemington will continue to foster friendships.
2 3
STRATEGIES 1. Establish a list of unused key areas to convert into pocket parks, along commercial hub, Racecourse road.
1 Tree lined entrance
2. Hold community workshops in order to collectively design pop-up park ideas with members of the community.
2 Pathway and Grass structured,
3. Promote urban happiness through interactive artwork, music, dancing and food within each pop-up park.
3
space Increase in tree plantation & greenery
4 Steps Corresponding Plans: D-01, A-01, A-04 & P-03.
5 Car parking 4 5
0m
200m
Introducing pocket and pop-up parks to slected areas within Flemington, will not only contribute to increasing the residents’ overall happiness and encourage community interaction but also improves the overarching aesthetic quality of the precinct.
Open inactive spaces along Racecourse road and widended pathways provide areas of excellent opportunitiy for pocket and pop-up parks to foster community engagement within the precinct.
Pocket parks within Flemington, such as the sample site plan to the left, will include a variety of interactive artwork, innovative seating and green spaces for children to play. Similarly, temporary pop-up parks can be altered to cater for the specific needs of each location. This allows for a new and enjoyable way of experiencing Flemington, every time.
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PUBLIC SPACES
P-06: FLEMINGTON ENTERTAINMENT HUB
P-06
Develop site programming plan of Flemington Racecourse
200m
OUTLINE
Known for it’s grandeur, Flemington Racecourse is home to many of Australia’s biggest and best events. From the Spring Carnival Races to the Colour Run, the Racecourse brings together people from all walks of life, in all areas of Melbourne, and joins them for a single event, at several periods within the year. This PSP proposes to change this, opening up the Racecourse for daily use and more frequent public events and activities. This will come to label Flemington as the entertainment hub of Melbourne and result in an increased revenue for the municipality.
STRATEGIES 1. Create an event programme containing all yearly events to be held at the Racecourse. 2. Create an online website with interactive survey’s for community votes about preferred activities and events. 3. Foster friendships and working relationships with local businesses to support local growth through competitions and sponsorships. The Racecourse is home to multiple large and intimate open spaces that can be used for a variety of different activities.
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Corresponding Plans: D-01, D-02, A-04, A-05, P-02, P-03, P-05 & P-08.
DEBNEY PARK 77
FLEMINGTON PRECINCT STRUCTURE PLAN
IMPLEMENTATION 78
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT PACKAGE
With a large community culture, it is essential that the reisdents of Flemington have a say in what they want to see changed within their home. It is evident that the current community plays an active role in the wellbeing of the precinct, and by opening the lines of communication between planners and the members of the areas we seek to develop, solutions will become more rounded, appreciated and welcomed by those who will be living through the changes. Below outlines the four key steps that will be taken prior to the release of this PSP, in order to receive community feedback about the proposals. The timeline indicates the continuing community engagement over the next 40+ years to ensure that all residents play an active role in planning for their Flemington’s, future.
I
II
III
IV
PASS BY
DROP IN
JOIN UP
SPEAK OUT
- Informal consultations located at key sites - Seek opinions and expertiences of residents and visitors using the precinct - Gather information and data based off questions posed for the public - Guided tours of key sites explaining proposed changes
- Meetings with local business owners and residents to capture concerns - Drop in meetings at different locations - Reach out to all different types of people
- Allocate community advocates - Create a community Committee - Send out newsletters and bulletins to groups for any changes/meetings
- Committee dialogue between community and other stakeholders and authorities - Hold community workshops and seminars to allow members of the community to speak up with their concerns and ideas.
Adapted from T. Speirs Liaise with community prior to commencement of intervention
Continue to build relationships with members of the community
2025
2020 Create and promote Your Flemington as an online platform for the community to discuss, ask questions and propose ideas in regards to the proposed changes
SHORT TERM
Work with community to prepare Flemington for the intervention and proposed changes
MEDIUM TERM
Provide ongoing support to members of the community during the creation of the transport intervention
Release surveys and competitions to engage all memebers of the community and receive feedback as to how to better prepare them for any future developments
2050 LONG TERM
Continue speaking to and interacting with the community through Your Flemington, social media accounts
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IMPLEMENTATION TIMELINE DEVELOPMENT
ACTION
D-01
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Devlopment of activity centre on Racecourse Road
D-02
Devlopment and introduction of vibrant and multifunctional structures
D-03
Development and reactivation of ‘The Block’ at Flemington Station
D-04
Redevelopment of preexisting high density public housing within Flemington
D-05
Preserving Flemington’s heritage and character
CORRESPONDING STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS D-04, D-05, A-01, A-02, A-03, A-04, A-06, P-02, P-03, P-04
A-05, P-01, P-02 & P-05
D-01, D-02, A-04, A-05, P-02, P-03, P-05 & P-08
A-02, A-03, A-04, P-02, P-03 & P-04
D-01
TIMEFRAME
IMPLEMENTATION TIMELINE ACCESS & MOBILITY
ACTION
CORRESPONDING STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS
A-01
Create safer and more pedestrian friendly spaces while improving walkability
A-02
Create safer and less congested streets along Racecourse Road
A-03
Provide a better integrated transportation network within Flemington
A-04
Introduce shared spaces to improve fluidity within Flemington
A-01, P-02, P-03 & P-04
A-05
Improve and prepare stations for daily usage
D-02, D-03, A-03, P-01, P-02, P-03 & P-05
A-06
Develop a new underground parking along Racecourse Road to replace on-street parking
D-01, A-01 & A-02
TIMEFRAME
D-01, A-04, P-02, P-03 & P-04
D-01, D-02, A-04, A-05, P-02, P-03, P-05 & P-08
-
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IMPLEMENTATION TIMELINE PUBLIC SPACES
ACTION
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CORRESPONDING STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS
P-01
Introduce and develop ‘The Riverside’
A-01, A-04, P-02, P-03 & P-05
P-02
Improve greenery within the precinct and create boulevards
D-01, D-02, D-03, D-04, A-01, A-05, P-01 & P-04
P-03
Strengthen community character and cohesion through urban artwork and design
D-03, A-01, A-04, P-01, P-04 & P-05
P-04
Introduce pocket parks to small under-utilised spaces, and pop-up parks to reactivate quiet spaces
D-01, A-01, A-04 & P-03
P-05
Develop site programming plan of Flemington Racecourse
D-01, D-02, A-04, P-02, P-03, P-05 & P-08
TIMEFRAME
ZONING
0m
GRZ
Flemington currently harbours a total of ten different zone overlays. Progressing forward, it is proposed that none of these change with the exception of one zoning type across two locations. Two of the public housing precincts will change from General Residential Zones to Mixed Use Zoning 1. This will allow for the developments as proposed in this PSP (refer to D-04) to take place.
PUZ4
SUZ1
SUZ2
C1Z
PPRZ
PUZ2
IN3Z
200m
200m
MUZ2 RDZ1
GENERAL RESIDENTIAL ZONE
MIXED-USE ZONE (1)
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FINAL WORDS
This PSP has demonstrated possible private and public sector developments that can transform the life quality of current and future residents of Flemington. The populous, historically vibrant and diverse precinct will be prepared not only for future residential influx, but also for providing an exceptional living space for these people. Residents have expectations for the aesthetics and functionality of their personal neighbourhood. This PSP has considered public opinion through surveys and has placed community at the forefront of each individual proposal. Provision of shared spaces, utilisation of local artistic talent and local skills employment, and celebration of ethnic and cultural differences are a few examples of how community enhancement punctuated this neighbourhood plan. A priority was placed upon improving neighbourhood safety; pedestrian and vehicle safety is a primary concern, which, if left unaddressed, will only grow bigger as the residential population expands. Safety and wellbeing is also addressed through the proposed addition of street lighting and walkability. Flemington is very architecturally and historically vibrant. The heritage of the precinct couples unique opportunity with structural limitations. Approximately 70% of this area is heritage listed, implying boundaries within which restoration and reactivating of run-down spaces must occur. This plan presented the heritage of Flemington not as a burden but as a blessing for the beauty and history, and prioritises its protection, appreciation and utilisation by members of the community.
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FIGURE INDEX Figure 1: Urban DMA - Page 13 Figure 2: The Wave (Melbourne) – The Theory of Affordance - Page 13 Figure 3: The 20 Minute Neighbourhood Page 13 Figure 4: Principles of 3 R’s -Page 15 Figure 5: Timeline of Housing Studies - Page 29 Figure 6: Six key housing directions overlapped with three principles of sustainability - Page 29 Figure 7: Current layout of racecourse Road page 39 Figure 8: Proposed layout of Racecourse Road page 39 Figure 9:Before I Die chalkboard page 43 Figure 10: Little Library Melbourne Central - Page 43 Figure 11: Snapshots of Carlton Housing redevelopment - Page 46 Figure 12: 12 key criteria analysis of Racecourse Road Social Housing [current state] - Page 46 Figure 13: 12 key criteria analysis of Racecourse Road Social Housing [After proposed changes] - Page 46 Figure 14: Jeff Speck’s Theory of Walkability - Page 52 Figure 15: Proposed changes to Newmarket Tram Stop - Page 56 Figure 16: 12 key criteria analysis of Flemington Station [current state] page 64 Figure 17: 12 key criteria analysis of Flemington Station [with proposed changes] - Page 64 Figure 18: 12 key criteria analysis of Showgrounds Station [current state] page 66 Figure 19: 12 key criteria analysis of Showgrounds Station [proposed changed] page 66 Figure 20: ‘The 8 House’, Copenhagen Denmark - Page 71 Figure 21:‘Before I Die…’ chalkboard - Page 74 Figure 22: Snapshot of ‘Neighbourland’ project - Page 74
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REFERENCES Citta Property Group 2013, Living Carlton, viewed 24 October 2016, <http://citta.com.au/portfolio/livingcarlton/>. Chang, C 2016, Before I Die Wall, viewed 14 September, < http://candychang.com/>. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning 2014, Plan Melbourne: Metropolitan Planning Strategy, State Government of Victoria, Australia, viewed 18 October 2016, <http://www.dtpli.vic.gov.au/planning/plans-and-policies/planning-for-melbourne/Plan-Melbourne>. Dovey, K 2016, Urban design thinking: a conceptual toolkit, Bloomsbury Academic, Melbourne Australia. Forecast ID 2016, Moonee Valley Population Forecasts, viewed 14th October 2016, <http://forecast.id.com.au/moonee-valley>. Jacobs, J 1961, The Life and Death of Great American Cities, Random House, New York. Jefferson, A 2016, ‘Melbourne to be Australia’s biggest city by 2050, research predicts’, viewed 20th October 2016, <http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/victoria/melbourne-tobe-australias-biggest-city-by-2050-research-predicts/news-story/4b5a2b4b1530e639a5776ef70ef1a148>. Melbourne Urban Forest Visual 2016, Tree Types, City of Melbourne, viewed 25 October 2016, <http://melbourneurbanforestvisual.com.au/> Ministry of National Development 2013, Land Use Plan to Support Singapore’s Future Population, Ministry of National Development, viewed 21st August 2016, <http://www. mnd.gov.sg/landuseplan/e-book/index.html#/76/>. Profile ID 2016, Moonee Valley Community Profile, viewed 15th October 2016, <http://profile.id.com.au/moonee-valley/about?WebID=170>. Speck, J 2012, Walkable City: How Downtown Can Save America, One Step at a Time, North Point Press, Berkley California. ProGroup Australia, 2016, Flemington Racecourse, viewed 1st August 2016, <https:/www.progroupracing.com.au/australian-racecourses/ eming- ton-racecourse >. Streetmix 2016, Street Builder, viewed 20 October 2016, <http://streetmix.net/-/444774> Urban Redevelopment Authority 2012, Designing our City: Planning for a sustainable Singapore, viewed 21st August 2016, <https://www.ura.gov.sg/skyline/skyline12/skyline12-03/special/URA_Designing%20our%20City%20Supple>. Wright, P 2016, ‘Melbourne ranked world’s most liveable city for sixth consecutive year by EIU’ , viewed 20th October 2016, <http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-08-18/melbourne-ranked-worlds-most-liveable-city-for-sixth-year/7761642>.
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