Types of Tourism Guide by PUA T&HM

Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management

Types of Tourism Guide

2018/2019

Introduction

Tourism is the movement of the tourists from one place to another place. It is the temporary short-term movement of people to destinations outside the place where they normally live &work includes the activities they indulge in at the destination as well as all facilities and services specially created to meet their needs. Tourism does not only mean traveling to a particular destination but also includes all activities undertaken during the stay. It includes day visits & excursions. The movement can be in your country or the tourists can also travel to the foreign destinations for the tourism purpose.

Guide Content • Culinary tourism

• Heritage Tourism

• Cultural tourism

• Shopping Tourism

• Dark tourism

• Sports tourism

• Seaside Tourism

• Slum Tourism

• Health Tourism

• Whale tourism

• Recreational Tourism

• Space tourism

• Bicycle Tourism

• Adventure tourism

• Rural Tourism

• Agritourism

• Literary tourism

• Responsible tourism

• River Tourism

• Atomic tourism

• Ecotourism

• Drug tourism

• Sustainable tourism

• Garden tourism

• Religious Tourism

• Bookstore tourism

• War tourism

• Archeological tourism

• Wellness tourism

• Water tourism

• VFR tourism

• Wildlife tourism

• Environmental tourism

• Wine tourism

• Disaster tourism

• Event tourism

• Therapeutic tourism

1- Culinary tourism Definition: The pursuit of unique and memorable eating and drinking experiences.” By combining travel with these edible experiences, culinary tourism offers both locals and tourists alike an authentic taste of place. Activities include: • • • • • • •

Cooking with locals Cooking workshops Eating at locals’ homes, at local restaurants, or street food Food and drink tasting sessions of cheeses, wines, beers, spirits etc. Food and drink tours and trails Collecting ingredients or participating in the local harvest Visiting farms, orchards, wineries, distilleries, food markets, fairs or festivals

Top culinary tourism destinations: 1-Italy 2-Spain 3-Thailand 4- India 5- France

2- Cultural tourism Definition: Is the subset of tourism concerned with a country or region's culture, specifically the lifestyle of the people in those geographical areas, the history of those people, their art, architecture, religion, and other elements that helped shape their way of life. Activities: 1-visit hidden treasures in Bhutan. 2- visit ancient temples in Cambodia 3-visit maharajas in India 4-visit paintings in the Low Countries 5-visit shrines in japan 6-visit Mayas in Central America 7-visit ancient civilization in Greece 8-visit la dolce vita in Italy 9-visit pharaohs and temples in Egypt 10-visit Inca trail to Machu Picchu Top ten destination 1. Jordan 2. Philippine 3. Vietnam 4. Indonesia 5. Turkey 6. Austria 7. South Africa 8. Greece 9. Spain 10. Australia

3-Dark tourism Definition Dark tourism is tourism involving travel to sites associated with death and tragedy. Than a tourism, derived from the Ancient Greek word than at for the personification of death, is associated with dark tourism but refers more specifically to violent death; it is used in fewer contexts than the terms dark tourism and grief tourism. 10 Of the Scariest Dark Tourism Destinations In The World: . 1-Suicide Forest, Japan 2-Oradour-sur-Glane, France 3-Oradour-sur-Glane, France 4-Riddle House, Florida, USA 5-Ground Zero, New York, USA 6-Pompeii, Italy 7-Sedlec Ossuary, Czech Republic 8-Okpo Land, South Korea 9-La Noria Cemetery, Chile 10-Choeung Ek, Cambodia 11- Elalamain, Egypt

4- Seaside Tourism Definition: Refers to landbased tourism activities including swimming, surfing, sun bathing and other coastal recreation activities taking place on the coast for which the proximity to the sea is a condition including also their respective services. Activities: 1. Ride the sky ride. 2. Play Ball 3. Build Sandcastles 4. Fly a kite 5. Catch a fish with a net. 6. Jump over waves 7. Swimming 8. Diving 9. Snorkeling 10.Paddle for pleasure 11.Catch a Crab 12.Surfing 13.Parachute games 14.Play Tic-tac-toe : draw the game board in the sand and paly. Best Seaside Destinations: 1-British Columbia, Canada

2-Etiaroa, French Polynesia 3-Western Cape, South Africa 4-Newfoundland, Canada 5-Great Barrier Reef, Australia 6-Santorini, Greece 7-Frigate Island, the Seychelles 8-South Andros Island, Bahamas 9-Kangaroo Island, Australia 10-Petit St. Vincent, St. Vincent And The Grenadines 11-Maya Bay , Thailand

5-Health Tourism Definition: Health tourism is a wider term for travel that focus on medical treatments and the use of healthcare services. It covers a wide field of health-oriented, tourism ranging from preventive and health-conductive treatment to rehabilitation and curative forms of travel. Activities of Treatments in Health Tourism: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Dental / Dentistry Orthopedics Cosmetic / Plastic Surgery Cancer Treatments (Oncology) Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Cardiology (Heart Surgery) Bariatric Surgery (Weight Loss Surgery) Stem Cell Therapy Fertility Treatment Eye Surgery (Ophthalmology) Ears, Nose and Throat (ENT) Organ Transplants Neurology General Diagnostics Rehabilitation 7

Top 10 Medical Tourism Destinations in the World 1. India 2. .Brazil 3. Malaysia. 4. Thailand 5. Turkey 6. Mexico 7. Costa Rica. 8. Taiwan 9. South Korea 10. Singapore

6-Recreational Tourism Definition: Recreation is about activities, pastimes, a nd experiences which are freely choose. They are usually undertak en in free time and produce feelings of well being, fulfillment, enjoy ment, relaxation, and satisfaction. Recreational includes activities such as: • • • • • • • •

Hiking and camping. Hunting and fishing. Canoeing, kayaking and rafting. Sailing and motor boating. Biking. Rock Climbing. Horseback riding. Skiing. The top 10 cities for recreation 1) Orlando 2) Las Vegas 3) San Diego 4) Cincinnati 5) Tampa 6) AtlantaGA 7) Scottsdale 8) Tucson 9) Boise 10) Philadelphia

7- Bicycle Tourism Definition: Bicycle tourism can encompass many things, but has been defined by the Path Less Pedaled as â&#x20AC;&#x153;any travel-related activity for the purpose of pleasure which incorporates a bicycle.â&#x20AC;? Most types of bike tourism fall under these main categories (which often overlap), and can include road, gravel and mountain biking. Activities: 1-Bicycle touring 2-Mountain bike base 3-Downloadable mountain bike trails for your GPS device 4-Services for cyclists 5-Sports activities in the local area 6-Sports activities with or without an instructor 7-Explore the region TOP 10 DESTINATIONS FOR CYCLING ADVENTURES IN 2018 1-Peru 2-Sri Lanka 3-Jordan 4-Bali, Indonesia 5-Southern Thailand 6-Croatia 7-Vietnam 8-Tuscany, Italy 9-Cuba

8-Rural Tourism Definition: Rural tourism can be defined as the ‘country experience’ which encompasses a wide range of attractions and activities that take place in agricultural or nonurban areas. Its essential characteristics include wideopen spaces, low levels of tourism development, and opportunities for visitors to directly experience agricultural and/or natural environments. Rural Tourism Activities: • • • • • • • • •

Community Trekking and Hiking Cooking Agritourism Photography Tours Philanthropic Tourism Community Exposure Visits Anthropological and Ethnic Study Tours Bird Watching in community forest Volunteering

The ten best European rural tourist destinations: 1. Austria 2. Belgium 3. Croatia 4. Cyprus 5. Greece 6. Hungary 7. Ireland 8. Italy 9. Latvia 10.Malta 11

9-Literary tourism Definition: A type of cultural tourism that deals with places and events from fictional texts as well as the lives of their authors. This could include following the route taken by a fictional character, visiting particular place associated with a novel or a novelist, such as their home., or visiting a poet's grave. Some scholars regard literary tourism as a contemporary type of secular pilgrimage. There are also long-distance walking routes associated with writers, such as the Thomas Hardy Way. Activities: 1.Experience the Hobbiton of J. R. R. Tolkien’s imagination in Matamata, Waikato. 2. See Frank Sargeson’s Cottage and enjoy Auckland's literary walks. 3. Hear a Maori legend first-hand. 4. Wander the Wellington Writers’ Walk and visit Katherine Mansfield's birthplace. 5. Walk the Haiku Pathway in Katikati, Bay of Plenty. 6. Learn about world-famous detective writer Dame Ngaio Marsh in Christchurch. 7. Take part in a writers’ festival, workshop or poetry night. 8. Explore the Octagon Writers' Walk in Dunedin. 9. Step back in time on the Denniston Literary Trail. 10. Pick up a cookbook from one of our celebrity chefs.

Top Ten Literary Tourist Destinations: 1. London, UK 2. Stratford-upon-Avon, UK 3. Edinburgh, Scotland 4. Dublin, Ireland 5. New York City, USA 6. Concord, MA, USA 7. Paris, France 8. San Francisco, CA, USA 9. Rome, Italy 10. St Petersburg, Russia

10-River Tourism Definition: Rivers constitute a major tourism resource, providing spectacular settings, recreation facilities, a means of transport, a sense of heritage and adventure, and links with the environment and natural world. River tourism accounts for a significant proportion of the world's tourism consumption, with activities such as Nile cruises and rafting holidays making it an economically important area of tourism demanding in-depth analysis. This book explores river tourism from a range of perspectives including uses, heritage, management, environmental concerns, and marketing. Activities: • • • • • • •

Agritourism Auto & Motorcycle Tours Biking Birding Boating & Cruises Canoeing & Kayaking Fishing 13

• • • •

Geocaching Hiking Hunting & Wildlife Sports & Gaming

10 best destination 1-China 2-France 3-United States, Mexico 4-Colombia 5-Africa 6-Chile 7-India, Bangladesh 8-United States) 9-Myanmar 10-Europe

11-Ecotourism Definition: The business of organizing holidays to places of natural beauty in a way that helps local people and does not damage the environment.

Activities: 1-Boat trips 2-Kayak rental 3-Bicycle rental

Best destinations: 12345678-

Costa Rica Norway Kenya Palau Galapagos Islands Antarctica Iceland Amazon Rainforest

12-Sustainable tourism

Definition: is the concept of visiting a place as a tourist and trying to make a positive impact on the environment, society, and economy. Tourism can involve primary transportation to the general location, local transportation, accommodations, entertainment, recreation, nourishment and shopping.

10 destinations for sustainable tourism: 1-Costa Rica 2-Slovenia 3-Palau 4-Bhutan 5-Norway 6-Maldives 7-New Zealand 8-Iceland 9-Kenya 10-Finland

13-Religious Tourism Definition: _Religious tourism is an important part of the tourism industry it called special interest tourism, which usually related to the followers of particular faiths who visit locations that are considered as holy sites. Religious sites are not only visited by the pilgrims but also visited by nonreligious tourists since they have cultural, historical and religious significance. The most important Islamic Religious • • • •

Al-Masjid Alharam - Mecca: Al-Masjid Al Nabawe – Almadina Almunawwara Al-Aqsa Mosque – Al-Qods – Palestine Sultan Ahmed Mosque – The blue Mosque – Istanbul Turkey

The most important Christianity Religious destinations in the world • The Mount of Olives • The Church of the Holy Sepulcher

14-War tourism Definition: Is recreational travel to active or former war zones for purposes of sightseeing or historical study. War tourist is also a pejorative term to describe thrill seeking in dangerous and forbidden places 10 War Tourism Destinations in the World • • • • • • • • • •

Baghdad, Iraq Damascus, Syria Mogadishu, Somalia Gaza, Palestine Kashmir, India Jonglei and Upper Nile, South Sudan Tripoli, Libya Central African Republic Kabul, Afghanistan Yemen

15- Wellness tourism Definition: Is travel for the purpose of promoting health and well-being through physical, psychological, or spiritual activities. While wellness tourism is often correlated with medical tourism because health interests motivate the traveler, wellness tourists are proactive in seeking to improve or maintain health and quality of life, often focusing on prevention, while medical tourists generally travel reactively to receive treatment for a diagnosed disease or condition Top 10 Wellness Destinations Italy Arizona Bali Costa Rica British Columbia Australia New Zealand Thailand California

16- VFR tourism Visiting Friends and Relatives tourism

Definition: (VFR tourism / VFR travel) is a substantial form of travel worldwide. Scholarly interest into VFR travel developed in the mid 1990s after Jacksonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s (1990) seminal article suggested that this type of tourism was much larger than official estimates suggested. Most official data collections differentiate travel as being for either leisure, business, or VFR purposes. In many destinations, VFR is the largest or second-largest form of travel by size

17-Environmental tourism

Definition: Typically defined as travel to destinations where the flora, fauna, and cultural heritage are the primary attractions. Concept of environmental tourism is that people will become more engaged with the ecological and sociocultural concerns of the world through firsthand experience, and thus be more active in conservation and making change. Activities and nature-based tourism • Garden and forests • Cycling and mountain biking • Walking and hiking • Fishing • Canoeing and water sports Destinations for Environmental tourism Costa Rica Slovenia Palau Bhutan Norway Finland Maldives New Zealand Iceland

18-Disaster tourism

Definition: Has been defined as the practice of visiting locations at which an environmental disaster, either natural or man-made, has occurred. Although a variety of disasters are the subject of subsequent disaster tourism, the most common disaster tourist sites are the areas surrounding volcanic eruptions. Opinions on the morality and impact of disaster tourism are divided. Advocates of disaster tourism often claim that the practice raises awareness of the event, stimulates the local economy, and educates the public about the local culture, while critics claim that the practice is exploitative, profits on loss, and often mischaracterizes the events in question

THE DISASTER DESTINATION LIST Pompeii and Herculaneum, Italy Centralia, Pennsylvania, USA New Orleans, Louisiana, USA Aberfan, Wales Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands Stevens Pass, Washington, USA Donghekou Quake Relief Park, Sichuan, China The Great Pacific Garbage Patch, Pacific Ocean Mount St. Helens, Washington, USA

19- Therapeutic tourism Definition A form of Medical tourism can be defined as a special type of tourism aimed at obtaining medical care or Purely healthy to get rid of some pain and health problems under the influence of natural factors in the environment One of the most important activities â&#x20AC;˘ Buried under the sand â&#x20AC;˘ Hot water Some place and countries famous for therapeutic tourism

Tunisia: Tunisia is the world's first country in the field of hospital tourism, after confirming its leadership at the expense of France. Tunisia has a wealth of warm mineral water and hot public baths that spread in the north and south of the country, making it a unique destination for tourists and tourists. Countries of the world, especially from Europe, America and Asian countries. Tunisia has four hospitals, 50 natural water treatment centers, 60 water treatment centers, 50 convalescent centers, 18 hot waterways with international standards, as well as many popular hot baths for hundreds of people a day for treatment. The cities of Kerbos (north-east) and Hammam Bourguiba (north-west) are among the most famous treatment centers with underground water and warm mineral water that reach international standards and are intended for thousands of Tunisian and foreign tourists throughout the year

20-Heritage Tourism Definition Is a branch of tourism oriented towards the cultural heritage of the location where tourism is occurring. The National Trust for Historic Preservation in the United States defines heritage tourism as “travelling to experience the places and activities that authentically represent the stories and people of the past,” and cultural heritage tourism is defined as “travelling to experience the places and activities that authentically represent the stories and people of the past and present.” Activities • You can go travel and explore new heritages of other cultures by example : • Cultural Travel : Think castles, the Tower of London, the Empress Sisi of Austria. • Artistic Travel : Think music in Budapest, the Louvre in Paris, traditional Balinese dancing in Ubud. • Religious Travel : Think temples in Luang Prabang, Amazon shamans in Peru, Stonehenge, Aachen Cathedral in Germany. • Memorial Travel : Think Dieppe, Auschwitz, the 9/11 Memorial in New York. • Architectural travel : Think Architecture River Cruises in Chicago, King Herod's hilltop fortress if Masada overlooking the Dead Sea in Israel and the Pyramids of Giza.

Famous Places India is famous the world over for its rich heritage and ancient culture. The countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cultural diversity and glorious history attracts millions of tourists each year to visit its numerous heritage sites scattered throughout its lands. By example : Qutub Minar : This is one of the largest minars (pillars) in India and second only to Fateh Burj and the Qutb complex in Delhi. Other surrounding historically-significant monuments include the Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque, Red Fort, Jama Masjid, Humayun Tomb, Lal Mandir and the Lotus temple. Taj Mahal Located in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, it is counted as one of the Seven Wonders of the World as well as one of the most famous monuments to love in the world. It also has huge beautiful Mughal gardens as well as monumental gateways and the sister monument, Agra Fort.

21-Shopping Tourism Definition: Shopping has become a motive to travel and is now a major tourist activity, so shopping tourism is a type of tourism that have spread broadly and in which the tourists travel either for mainly shopping as well as to visit the landmarks of the state or for another main purpose as well as to shopping. Shopping Tourism Activities: • Duty free shopping in airports • Purchasing luxury goods • Visiting shopping malls • Visiting department stores and outlets • Discovering local brands • Supporting local artisan business and locally sourced items. • Visiting Festivals s hopping The best shopping cities in the world 1. New York 2. Tokyo 3. London 4. Kuala Lumpur 5. Paris 6. Hong Kong 7. Buenos Aires 8. Vienna 9. Dubai, United Arab Emirates

22-Sports tourism Definition Travelers here target places which are known for a particular sporting facility. Skiing, for example, is a type of sports tourism. Also included in this category are those who go to a destination to experience a sports spectacle such as the Olympics, FIFA World Cup and others. Activities: • Organizing an worldwide events in a certain country like for example : FIFA World cup , the olympics , car races ets ... • Taking care of the tourists by helping the reach what they want in their journey, advise them where to go and taking care of things they might don’t know • Tourists visiting a certain country that has a snowy environment to do skating Countries that have sport tourism: • RUSSIA : organizing the FIFA World cup 2018 event that happened every 4 years in a different country . • SOUTH KOREA : organizing the olympics sports • CANADA : skiing and skating on snow , they use their snowy environment on making sports events and tours

23-Slum Tourism Definition Slum tourism, sometimes referred to as ghetto tourism, involves tourism in poor areas. The purpose of random tourism is to provide tourists with the opportunity to see non-tourist areas in a country or city. Activities • Help people with simple gifts like food • Knowledge of customs and traditions. • Can know their problems. • Meet new people. • Get to know new places. • Imagine with them. • Helps them solve their health and educational problems. The famous places • India • Brazil • Kenya • Indonesia.

24-Whale tourism Definition: It is not surprising that whale watching, which includes whales, dolphins and swine, has become one of the most popular events offered by countries and is planned by travelers on their travels around the world. The fun is to listen to the sounds of different types of whales, to watch the whale closely as it moves in a spiral as it jumps high above the surface of the water, and then surprises the spectators with a slap of water full body and diving. Sometimes the whale wraps itself around in a parade during the jump. It also makes other gestures, such as showing its face to take a hidden view, or take out its tail and swing it over the water, and then slap the surface with water. Just stretch the surface of the water to rest and keep its tail relaxed. Famous places Alaska 20,000 of gray whales travel along the coast of southeast Alaska on their way to summer food bases. The whales return here year after year, specifically to the point of Adolfus, part of the Glacier Bay National Park. Here you can see the whales in spring, but summer is the best time to visit. The Lodge at Whale Pass in Ketchikan, and the Favorite Bay Lodge in Angoon Anjon, are two of the best whale watching lodges in Alaska. Norway One of the best places to watch killer whales, where the Loftot Islands are above the Arctic Circle dedicated to whale watching, in late October and mid-January, when whales follow the fish tributaries in the Atlantic Ocean. You can also see the twilight of the North Pole in the best possible way. 29

25-Space tourism Definition Space tourism is space travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. There are several different types of space tourism, including orbital, suborbital and lunar space tourism. To date, orbital space tourism has been performed only by the Russian Space Agency. Work also continues towards developing suborbital space tourism vehicles. This is being done by aerospace companies like Blue Origin and Virgin Galactic. In addition, SpaceX (an aerospace manufacturer) announced in 2018 that it is planning on sending two space tourists on a free-return trajectory around the Moon on the upper stage of SpaceX's BFR rocket, known as the Big Falcon Spaceship (BFS).

Activities "What is there to do in orbit?" Or, as some of the "real" space industry guys have said "Why would anyone want to go to orbit? There's nothing there no air, no shops - it's just cold, dark nothing" (except when it's scorching bright nothing, as it were.....) Amazing, isn't it? These guys are in charge of the greatest fun-fair ride in the solar system - and they can't even see it! Luckily most people are much smarter than this, and know that space is a playground of unique things to do, that are impossible on Earth. To keep it simple we can say that the fun of living in orbit boils down to two main ideas - the view, and zero gravity. 30

That sounds a bit limited, so let's look at each in turn. Yes - It's Round! In questionnaires, the first thing that most people say they want to do in orbit is to look at the Earth. That's because it's a very beautiful sight. "The Earth is blue" Gagarin said. "Earth is the planet of sea and clouds" Akiyama said. And the view at any time certainly depends on the local weather below you, but it's continually changing as you go right round the Earth every 90 minutes or so. And provided you're in a high inclination orbit (that is one which is at a large angle to the equator, and so goes over places at high latitudes) then you get to see most of the Earth as it rotates below you.

The sights are pretty well limitless, from the extremes of nature - deserts and mountains, jungles and plains, ice-pack and whirling storms - to the nighttime view of the human-made world - cities, oil-field gas-flares and fishingfleets. There are also interesting natural views at night too - parts of the globe flicker continually with lightning storms, and you may be lucky enough to see a volcano, forest fire or the aurora: seen from above, it's said to be like floating through giant fronds of light.

26- Adventure tourism Definition:

A type of tourism involving travel to remote or exotic locations in order to take part in physically challenging outdoor activities. Or the search for a brush with danger is not confined to Africa and Asia where adventure tourism is booming. 25 Adventure Activities Around The World

• • • •

Skydiving Ziplining Bridge climbing Exotic car driving and racing • Rafting • Sandboarding. • Bungy jumping • Rappelling • Caving • Swimming with sharks • Rock climbing The world's top 7 adventure travel destinations • • • • • • •

Waitomo Caves, New Zealand. Nicknamed the Glowworm Caves, bioluminescent bugs light 30-million-year-old Waitomo. ... Phong Nha, Vietnam. Phong Nha is home to the largest cave in the world, Hang Son Doong. ... Leh, India. ... San Gil, Colombia. ... San Ignacio, Belize. ... Livingstone, Zambia. ... Longyearbyen, Norway.

27-Agritourism Definition: Agritourism or agrotourism, as it is defined most broadly, involves any agriculturally based operation or activity that brings visitors to a farm or ranch. Agritourism activities • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Bird Watching Festivals & Fairs Field Trips - Day Camps Fishing Hayrides and Tractor Rides Horseback Riding Mazes Meditation | Yoga Pony Rides Rodeos Skiing & Snowboarding Sleigh Rides Swimming Weddings and Events Workshops Top 8 Agritourism destinations in the world

• • • • • • • •

Taiwan. Taiwan has a lot of leisure farms that tenders exploration of farmfacilities and fields and, plenty of probabilities to sample the crops. ... Tuscany. ... Mallorca. ... Brazil. ... Hawaii. ... Grenada. ... California. ... Philippines.

28- Responsible tourism Definition: Any form of tourism that can be consumed in a more responsible way. “Responsible tourism is tourism which: minimizes negative social, economic and environmental impacts. generates greater economic benefits for local people and enhances the well-being of host communities. Main Activities Brainstorming Workshop and Action Plan to Promote Coastal / Eco-friendly Tourist Attractions and Activities Coastal Eco-Tourism Workshops for Tourist Guides Conservation of Fauna and Flora Dolphin Watching 10 of the best global destinations and experiences where vacations don't cost the Earth: • • • • •

Soneva Fushi, Maldives. ... Bom Bom Resort, Sao Tome. ... eXtreme Hotel, Kite Beach, Cabarete, Dominican Republic. ... Inkaterra, Tampopata National Reserve, Peru. ... Best of Myanmar Tour, Intrepid Travel.

29- Atomic tourism Definition: Atomic tourism is a relatively new style of tourism in which the tourists travel to significant sites in atomic history. These sites are typically those involved with either atomic explosions or the vehicles (planes, missiles, and rockets) that transport them. Activities of Atomic tourism Atomic museums Explosion sites Atomic accidents Atomic Tourism: Post Cold-War Tourism Made Simple •

Emergency Relocation Center, Greenbrier Resort, White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia. ...

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The Titan Missile Museum. Tucson, Arizona. ...

•

Nike Missile Site SF88L. Marin County, California. ...

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Cheyenne Mountain Operations Center. Colorado Springs, Colorado.

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Kimball County. Kimball, Nebraska. ...

•

Site “R”Command Center. Waynesboro, Pennsylvania.

30-Drug tourism Definition: Drug tourism is travel for the purpose of obtaining or using drugs for personal use that are unavailable or illegal in one's home jurisdiction. This v^'ould include crossing a national border to obtain drugs over the counter that are not sold in one's own country, or traveling to another country in order to obtain or use narcotics that are illegal in one's own country, or even traveling from one USA state to another m order to buy alcohol or tobacco more easily (although this last situation is often considered too trivial to qualify as drug tourism). Drug tourism to other countries is also popular among college students in the USA younger than 21 years old who are not yet of the legal drinking age for alcohol purchasing and consumption. Drug tourism has many legal implications and persons engaging in it sometimes risk prosecution for drug smuggling or other drug-related charges in their home jurisdictions or in the jurisdictions they are visiting, especially if they bring their purchases home rather than using them abroad.

The top destinations of Drug tourism Colombia Peru Mexico Amsterdam

31- Garden tourism Definition: A type of niche tourism involving visits or travel to botanical gardens and places which are significant in the history of gardening. Garden tourists often travel individually in countries with which they are familiar but often prefer to join organized garden tours in countries where they might experience difficulties with language, travel or finding accommodation in the vicinity of the garden. The list of famous gardens which attract garden tourists from afar includes: Sissinghurst Castle Garden Stourhead in England Versailles and Givemy in France Keukenhof in Holland Villa d'Este and Villa Lante in Italy Alhambra in Spain Longwood Gardens and Filoli in the USA Taj Mahal in India Ryoan-ji in Japan

32-Bookstore tourism Definition: A type of cultural tourism that promotes independent bookstores as a group travel destination. It started as a grass roots effort to support locally owned and operated bookshops, many of which have struggled to compete with large bookstore chains and online retailers. The Bookstore tourism movement encourages schools, libraries, reading groups, and organizations of all sizes to create day-trips and literary outings to cities and towns with a concentration of independent bookstores. It also encourages local booksellers to attract bibliophiles to their communities by employing bookstore tourism as an economic development tool. Others benefiting include local retailers, restaurants, bus companies, and travel professionals. Bookstore tourism, offering trips to independent bookstores in: Los Angeles San Diego San Francisco

33- Archeological tourism Definition: It is an alternative form of cultural tourism, which aims to promote the passion for historical-archaeology and the conservation of historical sites. Like Ecological tourism), it is promoted to encourage the development of cultural associations, companies and cooperatives can be found that dedicate themselves to offer this type of service. Archaeological tourism can include all products associated with public archaeological promotion, including visits to archaeological sites. museums, interpretation centers, reenactment of historical occurrences, and the rediscovery of native products, festivals, or theatre. Although archaeological tourism is quite recent, many international institutions and governments have already begun to contemplate viable alternative activity for the sustainable economic-social development. Several countries have involved resembling the main points of Archaeological tourism; â&#x20AC;˘ Egypt â&#x20AC;˘ Mexico â&#x20AC;˘ Peru

34- Water tourism Traveling by boat while on holiday, with the express purpose of seeing things meant for the water tourist. This can be traveling from luxury port to luxury port, but also landing a boat for lunch or other day recreation at specially prepared day boat-landings also known as a boating holiday. Water tourism is very famous in Netherlands. Water travel used to be the only form of transportation in the Netherlands. Since improvements in the road and rail structure, less and less commercial freight water traffic is using the water. In recent years, the growth of water tourism has exceeded the amount of freight traffic, and older cities whose ports were long disused are refurbishing them for water tourists. Water tourists are a strong lobby for protecting old water routes from being closed or filled. Hobbyists are refinishing antique canal boats and charging for passenger traffic again. In Amsterdam, a steady tourist industry has kept the old canals open for water traffic, and in the summer the commercial passenger boats compete more and more with private skiffs and low yachts. Water tourism activities water-based experiences of sailing, motor boating, motorized sports, surfing and windsurfing, sport and big game fishing, white-water rafting, kayaking, one-day boating adventures, sail training adventures, as well as scuba diving, free diving, and snorkeling, albeit that these.

35-Wildlife tourism Definition: In its simplest sense, is watching wild animals in their natural habitat. Wildlife tourism can be an eco and animal friendly tourism in both captive and wild environments. It has experienced a dramatic and rapid growth in recent year's world wide. Wildlife tourism is also a multimillion dollar industry offering customized tour packages and safaris. Kashmir is also home to a number of wild life parks and sanctuaries, the most famous among them is the Dachigam wild life sanctuary famous for the Hangul, endangered species of deer in the country. Top Wildlife Destinations Galapagos Islands, Ecuador The Amazon Basin Borneo Serengeti, Tanzania Sea of Cortez, Mexico Jim Corbett National Park, India Namibia Churchill, Manitoba Rainforests of the Atsinanana, Madagascar Corcovado National Park, Costa Rica

36-Wine tourism Definition: Refers to tourism whose purpose is or includes the tasting. consumption, or purchase of wine, often at or near the source. Wine tourism can consist of visits to wineries, vineyards, and restaurants known to offer unique vintages, as well as organized wine tours, wine festivals, or other special events. 10 original wine tourism activities A stroll among the vineyards Wine and cheese pairings Night of stars A morning at the grape harvest Waltraud Winery Gastronomy at Mas Rabell Year-round activities A sacred site Three in one A train to the heart of the vineyards

37-Event tourism Definition: Event tourism is generally accepted term that includes all planned events in an integrated approach to development and marketing of destinations. Activities of event tourism Professional shows in theatres, concerts, art exhibitions Festivals of professional art or music Historical events Events of popular interests/ hobbies group events Special-interest travel event Sports events Eno-gastronomic events Events organized by towns and municipalities

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