MIXED USE URBAN FARM
Mixed-Use Urban Farm Center Senior Capstone Project 2021 Location: Southwark / London, UK Professors: Helen Lee and Mike Kellar
dlavine1@live.maryville.edu
618.599.4029
linkdIn: darian lavine
behance.net/darianlavine
TABLE OF CONTENTS
5-18
RESEARCH + PROGRAMMING
19-32
33-45
SCHEMATIC DESIGN
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
RESEARCH + PROGRAMMING
PROJECT OVERVIEW Mixed-use spaces have the abiltiy to provide a variety of resources to a community within one building. This mixed-use urban farm space will create an environment that allows community members to create their own opportunities to prosper through producing healthy food, access to co-working, retail, educaton, and housing.
PROBLEM STATEMENT: Cities are regarded as places where opportunity abounds for everything from career advancment to self discovery; however, cities have not reached their full potential. Divided by disparities in education, healthy food access, and income, cities must work to develop opportunities for all.
SOLUTION STATEMENT: Create a community-minded space that functions as a hub for urban agriculture, personal and social development, and sustainability by establishing a mixed-use urban farm hub tailored to the needs of its community.
HISTORY AND BENEFITS OF MIXED USE DEVELOPMENTS Early cities adopt the same priciples of mixed uses, high density, and limited transportation as populations expand.
15TH CENTURY
Medieval villages are the earliest examples of mixed use, as all basic needs were within walking distance and contained within city walls.
16TH CENTURY
Mixed-use developments are gaining traction again as opportunities for sustainable design.
1916
As populations rise, cities start implementing the separation of space types. Zoning laws are introduced in New York.
Today
Other benfits that have emerged from mixed-use development:
Spur economic growth
Use of existing infrastructure
Prevents urban sprawl
Fosters community
The idea here is that a mixed-use space can be tailored to the needs of it’s community to maximize it’s beneficial nature.
SO... WHY AN URBAN FARM? Improving access to healthy food
Many low-income communities lack access to vendors that sell affordable, healthy food. This affects the overall health of a community - but the presence of urban farming gives people autonomy over their food consuption.
Improving Economic Health
Urban farms create jobs, provide training and skill development, save families money on food, and attract new businesses.
Encourage Sustainability
Urban farms can reduce heat island effects in cities and reduce the need to deliver foods long distances. They can also utilize green building features, such as rain water harvesting, and tend to use existing infrastructure, localizing basic needs and making communities more walkable and livable.
Educational Opportunities
Urban farms are often used to educate the public on sustainability, farming and food production, and even cooking healthy meals.
Revitalizing Community
Urban farms create safe environments for people to gather and provide educational opportunities. Plus, they often use undeveloped pieces of land.
ADDITIONAL SPACES Urban Farms can support many other establishments, such as restaurants and apartment complexes. They can also create opportunity for other developments. like education and retail. Based on the demographics of this location, additional spaces in this mixed-use development will include:
CAFE
MAKERSPACE
EDUCATION
COWORKING
HOSTEL
RETAIL
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS: Cafe • Make space in the entry for food pick-up that will allow customers to take away food with minimal interaction. Coworking • It is predicted that companies will downsize their headquarters and utilize these spaces for collaboration as more people work from home. • Demographics include students, freelancers, start-up teams, and remote workers. Education + Makerspace • Flexible spaces are gaining priority • Access to technology and supplies create a more hands-on learning environment • Hostel • Millenials comprise over 70% of people who use hostes • This hostel can serve travelers, those who need short term housing solutions, and potentially people who want to stay and farm
URBAN FARMING METHODS:
AEROPONICS Plants are grown in little to no substrate, and are watered via sprinkler systems. In this method, the roots are exposed to more oxygen, therfore making the plants grow 2-3 times faster. This method can be the most expensive and requires backup equipment.
GREAT FOR GROWING:
HYDROPONICS Plants sit in a subsrate of coconut coir and perlite. The roots are exposed to a resevoir of nutrient rich water that circulates and is regulated through a pump system. This method is good for long-term growth and is relatively inexpensive.
GREAT FOR GROWING:
AQUAPONICS Much like hydroponics, except the plants are watered and fertilized by recycled water from fish tanks. This system becomes self regulating, but requires more equipment and knowledge of fish care.
GREAT FOR GROWING:
PRECEDENT PROJECT: The Plant - Chicago, IL By Bubbly Dynamics LLC
• A research and production facility utilized by 20+ small businesses. • Explores sustainable strategies to create resources for other aspiring farms. • Revitalized an abandoned meat packing factory • Aims to create replicable models of closed loop effeciencies in energy and waste, while also incubating small business and giving them resources to do the same
PRECEDENT PROJECT: Pasona - Tokyo, Japan By Kono Designs
• A 9 story office building and urban farm that encourages employees to grow and harvest their own food. • 3,995 sq ft of farm space houses over 200 species of fruits, veggies, and rice. • Provides educational workshops to help the community learn about their food and farming practices. • Growing beds are integrated throughout the space, from using fruit trees as partitions to suspending tomato vines over conference tables.
MATRIX: QTY Entry/Lobby Greenhouse
Adjacency 1
1 to 3
All Entry/Lobby Café
Estimated SF
Actual SF
Occupancy
1,450
Assembly A-2
6,000
Utility or Mercantile
Plumbing
Daylight
Water Feature?
Aquaponics
1
1,000
Yes
Aeroponics
1
2,000
Yes
Hydroponics
1
2,000
Yes
Offices/Labs
4
800
Storage
1
200
Cafe
1
Main Dining
Entry/Lobby Greenhouse
1,000
Bar?
1
600
Kitchen
1
700
Restrooms
2
250 Entry/Lobby Library
Assembly A-2
…
1
8,000
Small Collab Large Collab Restrooms
3 2 2
140 460 250
Library
1
1000
Assembly A-3
3,900
Business
Jewelry / Metals
1
650
650
Acoustics
Yes
Medium
Low
Yes
Preferable
High
Acoustics
Yes
Open Office
1
High
ponics equipment
Yes
1
Fiber Arts
Not Required
FFE
Yes
Co-working Space
Maker Space
14,740
Privacy/Acoustics
Business
2,313
1 to 2
Public Access
Business
Yes
High Preferable
High
No
Low Medium
Yes Yes
Privacy/Acoustics
Preferable
High
Not Required
High
High High Acoustics
No
Sewing Machines Irons
Yes
Workbenches Annealing Pans Metal Sheer Buffing Machine Enameling Kiln 3D Printers Computers Lazer Cutter
Jewelry / Metals Jewelry / Metals Jewelry / Metals
1 to 13 1 1 1
650 Estimated650 SF 650 All 1,450 Entry/Lobby 650 6,000 Café 650 650 1,000
Aeroponics
1
2,000
Yes
Hydroponics Woodworking Offices/Labs Woodworking Woodworking Storage Printmaking Printmaking Cafe Printmaking
1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2,000 650 800 650 650 200 650 650 2,313 650
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Entry/Lobby Rapid Prototyping Greenhouse Rapid Prototyping Rapid Prototyping Aquaponics
Main Dining Ceramics Bar? Ceramics Ceramics Education Center Kitchen Education Center Classroom Restrooms Education Center Classroom Classroom Kitchens Co-working Kitchens Space Restrooms Kitchens Restrooms Storage Open Office Restrooms Storage Hostel Storage Small Collab Hostel Reception Large Collab Hostel Reception Lounge Restrooms Reception Lounge Kitchen Library Lounge Kitchen Dormatory Maker Space Kitchen Dormatory Washrooms Dormatory Washrooms Laundry Fiber Arts Washrooms Laundry Private LaundryRoom Private Room Retail - Pop-up? Private Room Retail - Pop-up? Register Retail - Pop-up? Register Floor Space Register Back of House Floor Space Jewelry / Metals Floor Space Back of House Circulation: Back of House Circulation: Overall: Circulation: Overall: Overall:
QTY
1 1 1 1
1 to 2 1 11 11 312 1 3 3 231 123 1 12 15 1 3 15 1 2 15 1 11 2 11 11 21 2 82 8 18 1 31 3 133 13 1 30%1 30%1 30%
Adjacency
Entry/Lobby Greenhouse
Entry/Lobby Entry/Lobby Library Entry/Lobby Library Library Entry/Lobby Library Entry/Lobby Entry/Lobby Entry/Lobby
Entry/Lobby Entry/Lobby Entry/Lobby
1,000 650 600 650 650 3,750 700 3,750 500 250 3,750 500 500 550 14,740 550 250 550 250 100 8,000 250 100 2,570 100 140 2,570 225 460 2,570 225 510 250 225 510 225 1000 510 225 375 3,900 225 375 65 375 65 100 650 65 100 80 100 80 11,456 80 11,456 250 11,456 250 1,000 250 450 1,000 650 1,000 450 9,756 450 9,756 52,035 9,756 52,035 52,035
Actual SF
Occupancy Assembly A-2 Utility or Mercantile
Business
Assembly A-2
…
Business Business Business Business Residential R-2 Residential R-2 Residential R-2 Assembly A-3 Business
Mercantile Mercantile Mercantile
Yes Plumbing Yes Yes Water Feature? Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes No Yes Yes No No No Yes No No
Daylight
Public Access
Privacy/Acoustics
Not Required
High
Acoustics
Yes
Medium
Low
Preferable
High
Acoustics
Not Required Not Required Not Required
High High High
N/A N/A High N/A
Preferable
High
Yes Yes Yes
Low Low Medium Low Medium Medium Medium
Privacy/Acoustics High High Low High High High High High High
Preferable
High
Not Required
High
Workbenches Annealing Pans Metal Sheer Annealing Pans Metal Sheer Buffing Machine Metal Sheer Buffing Machine Enameling Kiln FFE Buffing Machine Enameling Kiln 3D Printers Enameling Kiln 3D Printers Computers 3D Printers Computers Lazer Cutter Computers Lazer Cutter Vinyl ponicsLazer equipment Cutter Vinyl Cutter Table Saw Vinyl Cutter Table Saw Air Compressor Table Saw Air Compressor Dust Collector Air Compressor Dust Collector Joiner Dust Collector Joiner Laith Laith BandJoiner Saw Laith Band Saw Screen BandPress Saw Screen Press Pressure Washer Screen Press Wheels Pressure Washer Pressure Washer Wheels Glazing Wheels SlabGlazing Roller SlabGlazing Roller Kilns Slab Roller Kilns Kilns Oven/Stove Oven/Stove Stand Mixers Oven/Stove Stand Mixers Stand Mixers
Acoustics Sewing Machines Irons
Not Required Not Required Not Required
High High High Low Low Low
Low Low Low High Low Low High High
Workbenches Annealing Pans Metal Sheer Buffing Machine Enameling Kiln 3D Printers Computers Lazer Cutter
SCHEMATIC DESIGN
LOCATION ANALYSIS - LONDON Established: 47 AD Population: 8.9 million Climate: Temperate Continental winds, Cold winters Warm, dry summers Top Industries: LONDON, ENGLAND
Communication Finance + Insurance Science + Tech
SOUTHWARK INDICES OF DEPRIVATION 2019
SITE ANALYSIS: SOUTHWARK Population: 314,00 Attractions: Tower Bridge The Shard Shakespeare’s Globe London City Hall General Info: Southwark is a rapidly growing borough in Inner London, home to thriving business districts and landmarks; however, it is also ranked in the top 20% of most deprived boroughs in London. 1/3 of residents live in the 20% most income deprived communities 97% live in the most deprived communities in terms of housing affordability and overcrowding 1 in 4 residents over 16 are likely to be food insecure Source: moderngov.southwark.gov.uk
SITE ANALYSIS: SOUTHWARK - FARADAY Faraday is a ward located in the central Western part of Southwark. • While Southwark’s population has risen, Faraday’s population has dropped • 25.4% of the population is children 0-15 years old • 60.3% of residents are people of color • Overall indices of deprivation are higher than the borough average
SITE ANALYSIS: ACTUAL SITE
GREENSPACE RESIDENTIAL GROCERY STORE MEDICAL CLINIC SCHOOL RESTAURANT PUBLIC SERVICE OTHER (LABELED) BUS STOP
CONCEPT STATEMENT This project centers around the idea of regeneration. Just as plants have the ability to renew and repair every part of themselves, this hub aims to help repair disparities among communities in London and provide them with the resources to thrive. My concept diagrams explore this by reflecting plant lifecycles and the anatomy of ecosystems.
PARTI/CONCEPT IDEATION:
Landscape Ecology Stepping stone corridor
ADJACENCY STUDIES
BLOCK DIAGRAMS
LVL 1
LVL 2
CONDITIONS DIAGRAM - SUNLIGHT
CONDITIONS DIAGRAM - CIRCULATION
CONDITIONS DIAGRAMS- USERS
SKETCHES
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
LEVEL 1 FLOORPLAN NOT TO SCALE
LEVEL 2 FLOORPLAN NOT TO SCALE
-
FIBER ARTS
RR
RAPID PROTOTYPE
PRINTMAKING
WOODWORKING
JEWELRY AND METALS
RR KITCHEN
OFFICE
MAIN DINING
DEMONSTRATION KITCHEN
DEMONSTRATION KITCHEN
CLASSROOM
CERAMICS
LOUNGE
KITCHEN & DINING
HOSTESS BAR
PRODUCE
HOSTEL CHECK-IN
LEVEL 1 RCP NOT TO SCALE FLUXWERX, PORTAL
FLUXWERX, VIEW
EUREKA, SCOUT
MOOOI, PERCH
-
VIBIA, PALMA
EUREKA, MILL
EUREKA, MEHA
MUUTO, FLUX
LEVEL 2 RCP NOT TO SCALE SATTLER, SOFT SERIES ELLIPTICAL
CUSTOM SUSPENDED LIGHTS
GROWSPECTRA, COMMERCIAL GROW LIGHT RAB LIGHTING, FLEXICOVE LED COVE LIGHTING
LOBBY
HANDRAIL PLANTER DETAIL NOT TO SCALE
PLASTIC LAMINATE
DIFFUSER
0' - 3 3/8"
0' - 1 15/16"
2' - 11 15/16"
1' - 0 3/4"
WOODEN HANDRAIL
PLANTER TRAY PLASTIC LAMINATE RETURN WATER 3' - 6"
TIMER
RESEVOIR
WATER PUMP 1' - 6 1/4"
PRODUCE
COWORK & LIBRARY
CAFE MAIN DINING
CAFE GREENHOUSE DINING
TOPOGRAPHIC CEILNG DETAIL 1' - 8 1/4"
1' - 6"
3' - 6"
0' - 1"
1/2" GYPSUM WALL BOARD 360° DRYWALL FRAMING
0' - 3"
0' - 6"
BLOCKING 1/2" PLYWOOD
0' - 6"
1' - 10 1/2"
SEALED INSULATED SAFETY GLASS
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K YOU