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CONTENTS Research ofďŹ ce
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Foreword
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Da Vinci supervisors
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Da Vinci purpose, dream and brand promise
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Research positioning at Da Vinci
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Research philosophy
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Institutional research output
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Da Vinci organogram
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Research policies and procedures
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Innovation and Technology awards programme
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The Da Vinci TIPS framework
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Externally funded research projects
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The 2015 annual Da Vinci Council awards
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Research publications
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Conferences
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Research development
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RESEARCH OFFICE
Dr Ronel Blom, PhD Dean: Academic Development and Research
Prof Richard Chinomona Facilitator: Research
Raymond Toga Project Manager: Research
Dewald Kruger Information OfďŹ cer
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FOREWORD
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‘Connessione’ – A recognition of and appreciation for the interconnectedness of all things and phenomena (systems thinking)
The Da Vinci Institute is proud to present its first Research Report on studies undertaken by Masters and PhD students who have graduated in 2015. Our research output has steadily increased over the years, and the 2015 Research Report reflects our considerable progress so far. In this Report, we showcase the work of our most recent postgraduate students. We would like to congratulate all of them on their achievements and hope that their success will inspire other students to undertake their own research journeys. We have taken as a theme for this Research Report, one of the Da Vinci’s principles, namely ‘Connesione’ – or big picture (systems) thinking. Leonardo da Vinci maintained that ‘everything comes from everything, and everything is made out of everything, and everything returns into everything’, suggesting that everything is connected in some or other way. He therefore encourages us to focus on the whole and to recognize that there are many parts that make up the whole.* These connections are reflected in the work that our students undertook for their research: in some cases the connections became evident as a result of a policy decision, for example Greyling’s Masters study, while in others, direct connections between interventions and improvement could be made, as in the studies of NaiduChetty’s, Nel’s and Paulsen’s. Others, such as in Bhebhe PhD study, an interconnectedness of many different elements became evident. Likewise, the PhD study by De Swardt make the links between high level planning, implementation and performance; and Du Plessis shows that spiritual self-awareness in leaders in organisations enhance the connections between self and others. Some of the studies connect the African context with the needs of developing countries, for example Kasu’s, Marombeza’s and Rushesha’s PhD studies on Ubuntupreneurship, exogenous and indigenous knowledge, and
African entrepreneurship development in emerging African economies – an approach which is becoming increasingly important against the background of social and economic development for the continent. All the studies reflect an exciting variety of focus areas, ranging from Mulea’s study on the impact of regulation on industry, Rajab’s study on the world of work, the unemployed and employability, and Ritz’ study on customer-centricity in developing economies. Nevertheless, regardless of the theoretical frameworks drawn upon, in a Mode 2 higher education institution, the students were required to address real work-based challenges in all its forms and varieties and had to present their findings within the context of application. The Da Vinci Institute’s students are thus able to contribute to different bodies of knowledge from a Mode 2 perspective. The Institute will therefore continue to strive to inculcate all the Leonardo da Vinci’s principles in our teaching and learning, and research. We would also like to take the opportunity to congratulate the award winners for the 2014/15 academic year. These awards are presented to students who have, over and above their scholarly contributions, displayed exceptional characteristics. The following awards were conferred: • The Ann van Dyk Applied Research Award: Ms V Scholtz; • The Leonardo da Vinci Award: Dr D C Taljaard; • The Da Vinci PhD Excellence Award: Dr S A Lloyd We hope that you will enjoy paging through the Da Vinci 2015 Research Report. As the Institute we are proud to be associated with these new scholars and we are expecting great things from them! Ronel Blom Dean: Academic Development and Research
* In ‘How to think like Leonardo da Vinci’, by Michael J Gelb (1998)
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DA VINCI SUPERVISORS
Clifford Bennie Sue Alan Andre Bharath Mayur Sadhvir Ronel Ivor Peter Jan Andre Cory Andy Henk Andrew Tim Dirk Ola Mark Nonhlanhla Hlupheka Ernest Blessing Richard Linda Michael Robin Ferdie Johann Lize Frances Jacob Rabelani Attilio Deon Nico Andre Patrick Jeann Ralf Charlene Mlungisi Sizwe Grant Sydney Emeka Pierre Sean Keith Tanja John Erna Leon Howard Pieter Hendri Alex Karel Nceba Paula Gillian Wynand Dalray
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Adamson Anderson Armstrong Barnard Bekker Belle Bisani Bissoon Blom Blumenthal Bonfrer Bosman Botha Botha Brauer Bredell Brough Brown Burger Busari Bussin Cele Chabalala Chetty Chikwiri Chinomona Chipunza Clark Clark Coertze Coetzee Coetzer Cornelius Dagada Dalvit De Beer De Klerk De Kock Devine Dickinson Dominick Downing Duma Easton Eckley Egbeonu Esterhuysen Fenn Ferguson Ferreira Fogelin Fourie Fourie Fox Geldenhuys Geldenhuys Georgiev Gevers Ggaleni Goatley Godsell Goosen Gradidge
Bill Keith Carel Wilma Marc Mehmood Nico Paul Anthony Marius Stefan Steve James Hlamalani Jimmy Rikus Johan Raymond Jan Dirk Quintin Victor Brave Steve Ronald Simon George Elijah Dumisani Elias Mike Willie Azwi Ntavhanyeni Samuel Anton Debra Lynn Roy Motlalepula Gilbert Dan George Nonhlanhla Linda Ismail Katse Rodney Mothai Amos Vanessa Julian Morne Fredrick Bulumko Chidara Paul Sean Michael Zubair Nikesh Pat Veni LofďŹ e Ozias Shannon Louise Emile Blondel Sanjeev Logan
Graham Gray Grove Guest-Mouton Gush Haffejee Harris Hearn Herholdt Jacobs Kada Keevy Khoza Kloppers Klut Kodi Kruger Kruger Laljit Lawrence Leballo Lennon Lessem Letsoalo Lindeque Litheko Magadlela Mahlasela Maile Majola Mammanyuha Managa Maneschijn Marais Marcus Matsabisa Matsabisa Matsapola Mavunga Mbatha Meyer Mohamed Moloko Monareng Moodley Moses Mostert Mphephu Msengana Muchineripi Mulcahy Munshi Nageshar Naidoo Naidoo Naude Ncube Nell Niemand Notnagel Nyamkure Orie Padayachee
Shanita Roy Paddy Andre Phillip Mary-Lou Morris Ratnik Ditlhake Willem Winston Ismail Craig Norman Melanie Gerard Hannelie Lorraine Priya Piet Ian Wolfgang Laetitia Norma Nkqubela Alexander Willie Cindy Michele Victor Derek William Sixtus Sidney Owen RenĂŠ George David Nkazimulo Stephen Gill Paul Colin Robin Barend Fransie Thaabit Makgopa Freddy Len Andries Pieter Jaco Rex Joanee Bernie Jay Terrence Andre Rica Pamela Conrad Salegh Dennis
Padayachee Page-Shipp Pampalis-Paisley Parker Parsons Penrith Pereira Pesic Phiri Pienaar Plaatjes Poolo Potgieter Prince Prinsloo Prinsloo Rabie Rajagopaul Rajmoney Retief Rheeder Richrath Rispel Romm Ruxwana Schieffer Scholtz Scott Serfontein Shikoana Shirley Sibethe Siphman Smit Smith Smith Sokhulu Sproule Staniland Steyn Steyn Stoutjesdyk Taute Terblanche Toefy Tshehla Turner van der Linde van der Walt van der Westhuizen Van Olst van Wyk van Zijl van Zyl van Zyl Vermaak Viljoen Vythelingam Walker Williams Yao Dzansi
DA VINCI PURPOSE, DREAM AND BRAND PROMISE
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Purpose To cultivate managerial leaders
Dream To contribute to the development of a sustainable society
Principles Seeking the truth (Curiosita) Taking responsibility (Dimostrazione) Sharpening awareness (Sensazione) Engaging the shadow (Sfumato) Cultivating balance (Corporalita) Embracing holism (Connessione)
Brand promise To co-create reality
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RESEARCH POSITIONING AT DA VINCI
Research at Da Vinci focusses on assisting students to realize their own core and call to address the burning issue or work-based challenge set within the context of their own ontology, epistemology, organisation, community and society at large – taking the world view into account. As a scholarly community we join the student on the research journey to co-create and move from the mess that is, to where the ideal hopes to be. It combines current data collection methods, Design thinking and The Management of Technology, Innovation, People and Systems (TIPS) modules to create a Mode 2 university level research journey as applied to different contexts.
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The research journey contributes towards innovation and transformation of the person, enterprise, community and society. Our contribution: facilitating the development of a holistic ecosystem for enterprise innovation, open and transparent knowledge creation, equitability, healthy and participatory co-existence and sustainable livelihoods. Researchers are required to have ethical clearance of their projects. Therefore, The Da Vinci Institute is committed to; • undertake and promote research that will benefit all communities at large • being guided by integrity, accountability and rigour in research • promoting an institutional ethos that is conducive to critical discourse, intellectual curiosity, tolerance and a diversity of views • maintaining an environment for researchers in which they may be autonomous and ethical in their work
The institution strives for excellence in research that can withstand public scrutiny and espouses the constitutional values of human dignity, equality, social justice and fairness. As an institution we also affirm the constitutional principles of academic freedom and freedom of scientific research. It is a well-known fact that research can be regarded as an important game changer within the global economy, contributing significantly to the enhancement of a knowledge economy and ultimately, the development of communities. The Da Vinci Institute has positioned itself as an institution of higher learning, specialising in The Management of Technology, Innovation, People and Systems (TIPS). The core objectives informing the research agenda at Da Vinci include: • Upholding the TIPS framework and the facilitation of TIPS related research initiatives • Conducting applied research as informed by industry and business
• Establishing associations with business, industry and government • Creating knowledge in the context of a Mode 2 Knowledge Generation methodology • Facilitating scholarly engagements for students and supervisors alike • Research projects leading to TIPS qualifications In essence the research development agenda at Da Vinci is directed towards: • Enhancing scholarly work of researchers and supervisors • Building capacity amongst new researchers at The Institute • Expanding the enrolment of Masters and PhD students at The Institute • Contributing to the body of knowledge.
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RESEARCH PHILOSOPHY
Research at The Da Vinci Institute is deďŹ ned as a process of critical analysis to solve an industry/work-based challenge. This approach embodies the search for and the generation of new knowledge through scholarly work supported by partnerships with business and industry. Being a Mode 2 educational institution, The Institute is focused on the creation of knowledge that is trans-disciplinary in nature, socially relevant and of which the intent is to solve practical problems and to contribute towards the professional development of the people involved. It is in this context that The Institute facilitates a journey of selfdiscovery for prospective business leaders and entrepreneurs. As a Mode 2 institution Da Vinci is characterised by knowledge production in the context of professional applications, transdisciplinary engagements, heterogeneity and organisational diversity, enhanced social accountability and a broad based system of quality control.
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INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH OUTPUT
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Master of Science (MOTI): HEQSF - NQF LEVEL 9
The following dissertations and theses were completed and registered by the NRF in 2015. The Graduation ceremony took place on 10 September 2015.
BANGAAR, Dhanum Near Field Communication (NFC) payment system implementation: An innovation perspective
GREYLING, Dorothy Margaret - Cum Laude The National Credit Act and rental companies: A retrospective analysis
Academic supervisor: Mr AP Vermaak Field supervisor: Mr A Georgiev
Academic supervisor: Dr MG De Kock Field supervisor: Ms B Loubser
BOTHA, Riaan - Cum Laude Guidelines for sustainable Contract Management: A survey of Eskom’s coal-ďŹ red power stations
KHAN, Farouk Capturing critical pipeline failure data for optimal maintenance management of a water supply network: A Rand Water proposition
Academic supervisor: Dr MA Monareng Field supervisor: Dr R Clark
Academic supervisor: Dr M de Kock Field supervisor: Mr M Haffajee
COETZEE, Kim - Cum Laude Customer loyalty in a price sensitive market: The Rand-Air Case Study Academic supervisor: Dr MG De Kock Field supervisor: Mr L Erasmus
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INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH OUTPUT
MODIKA, Constance Determining why Water Service Authorities do not utilise the proficiency testing scheme of the South African Bureau of Standards Academic supervisor: Mr M Matsapola Field supervisor: Mr BM Sehlapelo
MUNILALL, Anandran - Cum Laude The steady state electromagnetic and thermal effect of galvanised steel wires in low voltage (LV) single phase concentric cables Academic supervisor: Dr V Lawrence Field Supervisor: Mr H Scholtz
PAULSEN, Louis Michael - Cum Laude Planned behaviour as a predictor of flight performance: A South African Airline Case Study Academic supervisor: Dr R Viljoen Field supervisor: Prof JJL Coetzee
RHEEDER, Denis Ian Creating an alternative model for leadership development Academic supervisor: Dr D Magadlela Field supervisor: Dr N Levy
ROSSOUW, Andre Johannes Eskom innovation expediting wealth creation
NAIDU-CHETTY, Thavabashini - Cum Laude The implementation of ISO9001 standards to reduce risk within Altech Multimedia
Academic supervisor: Dr A van der Linde Field supervisor: Dr V Lawrence
Academic supervisor: Dr V Naidu
SEEKOE, Lemone Dan Assessing challenges facing fruit and vegetable street traders within South Africa: The Buffalo City Metro Municipality Case Study
NEL, Hendrik Jacobus - Cum Laude The Benefit of a Centre of Excellence in Outage Maintenance Management for Eskom’s Generation Division Academic supervisor: Mr K Gevers Field supervisor: Mr S Williams
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Academic supervisor: Dr Thakathi Field supervisor: Mr M Clark
INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH OUTPUT
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Doctor of Philosophy (MOTI): HEQSF - NQF LEVEL 10
ABRAHAMS, Rashid A framework for broadband fulfilment and assurance in the telecommunications environment: A South African case study Telkom SA faces a situation in which slow revenue growth is experienced primarily due to the decline in telecommunications traffic proceeds, while expenditure is escalating. The combined results of Telkom SA’s inability to rapidly respond to changing market conditions, shifting customer requirements and the decline in fixed-line business have affected profitability. For Telkom SA to succeed and stay relevant it should re-invent itself by continuously transforming from within a traditional telecommunications services provider paradigm by employing innovative services, state-ofthe-art technology and skilled people. The focus of the research was to benchmark the current network technology against international Next Generation Networks (NGN), and explore the present skills capacity and transformation of Telkom SA’s Fulfilment and Assurance services. It was to determine capabilities and capacities that could expand Telkom SA’s ICT
services, and significantly reduce its fault and repeat report rates. Research findings and recommendations are presented in a framework for implementation of essential strategic imperatives. Timeous deployment of strategies could lead to building an invincible network, resulting in the successful turn-around of the current Broadband Fulfilment and Assurance service offering, and significantly enhancing Telkom SA’s broadband customer experience. Academic supervisor: Dr MG De Kock; Field supervisor: Mr DC Phiri
2014 -2015 13
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INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH OUTPUT
BHEBHE, Vulumuzi Total early stage development of small, micro and medium enterprises (SMMEs): Creating a sustainability framework for emerging economies The study investigated the total early stage development of SMMEs in emerging markets, and the tributary objective of this thesis is to create a sustainability framework. The study’s pinnacle focus was on five constructs (Internal Market Capacity; Relationship Marketing Capacity; Innovative Capacity; Customer Satisfaction and Business Performance) that affected sustainability and performance of start-ups and SMMEs in emerging markets. These business performance constructs are comprised of one predictor variable (Internal Marketing), three mediator variables (Relationship Marketing, Customer Satisfaction and Innovative Capacity) and one outcome variable (Business Performance). The
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research results reveal that all the business constructs (Internal Marketing, Relationship Marketing, Innovative Capacity and Customer Satisfaction) are antecedents of business performance. However, it was also observed that paramount and central to these constructs for business performance is Customer Satisfaction. The analysis revealed that Internal Marketing positively influences the mediators and outcome variable in a significant way. Academic discernments drawn and pragmatic implications provided are based on the thesis’ findings.
Academic supervisor: Prof R Chinomona; Field supervisor: Dr M Ncube
INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH OUTPUT
CHINNIAH, Jennitha Data privacy and the Energy Distribution Market: Revisiting implications of the Smart Grid Framework The study explores best practise information security and privacy principles as a systemic solution to the issues presently experienced in the smart grid. The Delphi technique was utilised to collect information from an expert information security panel to construct a SAFE framework implying Supporting Service; Assurance; Functional requirements and Enterprise Security Strategy, Architecture and Governance. This culminated from data being interpreted and constructed with the intent to outline all of the critical security considerations already in place. The assurance is data privacy in the automated metering infrastructure (AMI) and more speciďŹ cally in the home area network (HAN). The interview technique combined with the outcomes of the SAFE framework was
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tested against three utilities that are currently rolling out AMI in South Africa. The ďŹ ndings were then presented by benchmarking three case studies against the SAFE framework demonstrating that the SAFE framework can be implemented to provide an assurance to other utilities on national and international level. Academic supervisor: Dr MG De Kock; Field supervisor: Dr H Geldenhuys
2014 -2015 15
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INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH OUTPUT
DE SWARDT, Marlo Strategy formulation, performance implementation and performance execution: Developing an integrated framework to enhance organisational performance The researcher conducted a quantitative study applying a positivist research paradigm combining the philosophy of ontology, epistemology, and axiology in order to understand the social phenomena resulting in the failure of performance management systems in organisations. The rationale for the study was based on global evidence of the high failure rate of strategic planning processes where it is noted that almost 70% of strategic plans are not implemented successfully. A detailed survey of the planning, implementation and execution processes was undertaken across a spectrum of organisations. Through the use of a cross correlational
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check between the research findings and a comparison with the findings in the literature it was concluded that key to the failure is the disjuncture between the strategic plan and the performance management system. Further it was noted that the failures were compounded by a linear approach to the planning process itself in which the views of key stakeholders were not considered. The study culminated with the development of an integrated framework which provides the key linkages between a well-developed strategic plan and an executable performance management system. The findings are significant and will make a demonstrable contribution to the sustainability of businesses. Academic supervisor: Prof RM Marcus; Field supervisor: Dr AJ Parker
INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH OUTPUT
DU PLESSIS, Rean The spiritual self of the corporate leader The researcher initiates this study from a deep existential question: How does the transpersonal impact on corporate leadership within the context of deep ecology? The researcher convincingly follows Geisler and Geisler (2014) in separating spirituality from religion in defining spirituality as the ontological essence of the self, but from a functional stance, as ‘a yearning for guidance and connection with God’. The term God is understood simply as a cause greater than self. This anthropologically seated need is necessitated by the overwhelming issues that confront the corporate leader today. The researcher argues that the current complexities of life and management per se require a normative system that transcends human abilities. In this regard the content fully reflects the title of the script and the research focus makes a promising contribution to the development of a more holistic understanding of
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corporate leadership. The researcher found a qualitative approach, with reference to grounded theory, the best methodological angle to yield inductive research findings. In doing so the outcome is co-determined by corporate leaders with the potential of funding new theories that may serve as indicators for the future. Epistemological issues, ethical norms and personal values and world views are all synthesized into a coherent whole that follows a logical development of the train of thought. Due consideration is given to applicable matters one would expect to be covered by the study such as spirituality and God and the potential role of religion. Academic supervisor: Prof B Anderson; Field supervisor: Prof JJL Coetzee
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FURUMELE, Musa Stefane Front-end governance of large water infrastructure investments within developing economies: A South African perspective The study aimed to offer insights into how front-end governance could be improved in pursuit of better project outcomes. It follows a qualitative exploratory research approach and embraces critical realism to emphasise the interface between the natural and social sciences. The study focused on multiple-case designs concerning large water infrastructure projects in their real settings. Sources of evidence include interviews and case related documents. Research findings indicate that six salient elements of front-end governance influence the outcomes of large water infrastructure investments: 1) Large water infrastructure investments should be approached in a cross-cutting manner and planned to be multi-purpose and address broader societal challenges as access to water will remain the rallying point for social progress, sustainable livelihoods and poverty alleviation. 2) Clear and well-understood project-specific objectives, responsive to the needs and priorities of critical stakeholders contribute
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to better outcomes. 3) Strategic depth and flexibility, represented by consideration of major risks and iterative screening of project concepts within an interactive and adaptive decision-making process are important in securing a robust investment case and in turn, the accrual of favourable results. 4) While continual leadership is important in turbulent environments, strategic and timeous intervention is vital in salvaging those projects that seem destined to fail. 5) Empowerment and co-production of project outcomes with critical stakeholder as opposed to mere consultation of stakeholders leads to better results. 6) While a supportive policy and regulatory framework together with enabling political, social and economic factors, is crucial, precise definition of roles and responsibilities of key parties and sensitivity to historical contexts is important. It is important that critical stakeholders are empowered and equipped to engage meaningfully during the conception of the investments. Four important interventions are proposed: focusing political leadership on critical points of strategic intervention; formulating multi-dimensional project definitions to secure robust investment cases; building the capacity of stakeholder groups; and the establishment of quality assurance protocols overseeing the front-end phase. Academic supervisor: Dr MG De Kock; Field supervisor: Dr O Busari
INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH OUTPUT
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KASU, Elliot Ubuntupreneurship within rural communities: Creating community colleges for a developing economy The study utilised the four world rhythm, the 4Cs (Lessem and Schieffer, 2014) and the CARE (Lessem and Schieffer, 2009) pattern in collaboration with the Tangwena people. The ideas of ‘mushandirapamwe’ or collective wealth generation are indeed relevant for purposes of this thesis. The focus on ‘Zunde ra Mambo’ is a relevant security arrangement and indeed an effective way towards indigenous volunteering. The study has also indicated that the use of ‘permaculture’ could assist communities to create sustainable habitats by following nature’s patterns. The study has demonstrated a sincere focus towards ensuring meaningful life for the Tangwena community. The use of African Ubuntu values as tool of solidarity and interdependence seem to provide a solid foundation of African economic redemption, which in turn could lead to effective African economic humanism. The model ‘towards co-creation in Zimbabwe’ is well argued and structured. The story telling aspect of the research is informative which has
truly reflected traditional values while African humanism has been well articulated throughout the thesis. The indigenousexogenous community based learning and innovation research facility within the community seems to contribute towards the institutionalisation of the community college. The researcher followed the appropriate southern path and effectively demonstrated a good practice of the Participatory Action Research (PAR) aimed at community activation in alignment with the needs of the Tangwena people. The ‘ubuntuneurial spirit of agriculture’ ideology is sound, and, indeed an effective approach to solving communal poverty issues, which is the strength in the study. Academic supervisor: Dr A Schieffer; Field supervisor: Dr PC Muchineripi
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MAROMBEDZA, Mark Kenneth The relevance of integrating exogenous and indigenous knowledge systems within an African education system: A Zimbabwean case study The study sought to assess the relevance of integrating exogenous and indigenous knowledge systems within an African education system. The problem is that the education system in Zimbabwe is now out of step with the current reality of life, mainly because it is dominated by Western philosophy, values and culture. The system seems to produce outputs which are inappropriate for the community and society at large. The type of research that was followed is integral research. The research path that was followed is the Southern Relational Path whose trajectory followed the methodologies of description, phenomenology, feminism and participatory action research. The emancipatory critique of the education system in Zimbabwe uncovered the following imbalances: traditional cultural knowledge was not part of the content of the system; the system is
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still based on Western philosophy, values and culture; the system is developing students in academic knowledge only; and focus on individual research, education, learning, knowledge and self-development. To the above imbalances, St Vincent’s Secondary School embarked on building a knowledge creating school. It adopted the concept of societal advancement and development. The school uncovered imbalances in its curriculum in the disciplines of permaculture, agriculture, arts, sports, culture and music. These imbalances were addressed by the application of participatory action research. This has made the school to be the pioneer in the development of a balanced education curriculum in Zimbabwe. The positive results have proved that it is relevant to integrate exogenous and indigenous knowledge in an African education system. Academic supervisor: Dr PC Muchineripi; Field supervisor: Dr S Kada
INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH OUTPUT
MHAKA, Winfrida Ndakaiteyi Rural women entrepreneurship and sustainable development through ‘musha mukadzi’: The Case of the Svosve community in Zimbabwe The study addressed the needs of the Svosve community women, and aimed to truly take them out of their poverty situation thereby making them independent while living with dignity. The adoption of the southern relational path was perfect for this study flowing through the layers of descriptive, phenomenology, feminism and participatory action research. While the description aligns with the community social context, phenomenology assisted the researcher to understand more of the inner experiences of women within the Svosve community. On the other hand, feminism allows a movement of the grassroots which in this case are the indigenous people while the participatory action research aimed at real social practice which is clearly demonstrated in the research. The study clears a realistic path towards making women more industrious as a result of less support from men due to polygamous structures
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or gross irresponsibility. The trans-cultural co-created framework, resulting from the research process, adequately combines SECI Spiral Nonaka (Takeuchi 2009; Lessem & Schieffer 2014). The discussion on entrepreneurship knowledge foundation and phenomenology duly recognizes existing literatures which is intriguing, including the work of Adam Smith saying ‘an entrepreneur is an economic agent who transforms demand into supply’. The study identified both the demand and supply side through ‘musha mukadzi’ working together in a complementary manner. The ‘musha mukadzi’ integral community care model seems to have the capacity to make a real life difference in community members’ daily lives. Academic supervisor: Dr A Schieffer; Field supervisor: Dr PC Muchineripi
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MULEA, RONEWA Competition forces and regulatory constraints within the Information, Communication and Telecommunication (ICT) industry: Developing a repositioning framework for Telkom SA The global ICT industry is facing numerous challenges of which regulatory transformation is the most profound. The primary objective of the study was to determine how ICT businesses such as Telkom SA could reposition themselves in consideration of existing regulatory constraints and secondary factors such as margin pressure, globalisation, competition, diminishing revenue and increasing cost of doing business and convergence. Through a detailed analysis of the global dynamics and the experience of local executives and specialists within the ICT industry it was concluded that the ever-changing ICT business environment dictates the re-design of the current business
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model. To create the desired outcomes for the repositioning of an ICT business for competitiveness use was made of the Da Vinci Design Thinking Methodology. The model draws upon logic, imagination, intuition and systemic reasoning, backed by the researcher’s experience within the ICT sector. The research outcome provides a blueprint that is elegant in its simplicity and which, if implemented effectively, could have a profound impact on the sustainability of complex ICT businesses within South Africa. Academic supervisor: Prof RM Marcus; Field supervisor: Dr R Dagada
INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH OUTPUT
NYATLO, Sheila Mavis Creating an implementation framework to improve the effectiveness of technology transfer offices at South African Universities The researcher focused on analysing the technology transfer mission within South African Universities as an important component of the National System of Innovation. The study introduced a holistic implementation framework to improve the effectiveness of technology transfer offices in South African Universities. The main motivation for institutional technology transfer is to transfer knowledge, to ensure products and processes are implemented to improve competitiveness, for wealth creation and to benefit society. The technology transfer office plays a key role in ensuring local economy stimulation through
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knowledge transfer, licensing revenues and application of technologies in the market. Through a systems approach the study identified the technology transfer elements, characteristics and key relationships with an objective to move the technology transfer system from an efficient to an effective mode as a desired technology transfer state. Technology transfer efficiency is a state of doing things right, whilst effectiveness would be doing the right things. This is attained through systems, holistic approach which ensures that all stakeholders benefit from the technology transfer system. Academic supervisor(s): Prof R Marcus & Dr P Parsons; Field supervisor: Prof G Prinsloo
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RAJAB, Rooksana Contributions of the workplace in enhancing the employability of unemployed graduates through work integrated learning (WIL) The study made an important contribution to the emerging practice of work-integrated learning in South Africa. The researcher is one of only a few South African scholars that have tackled the issue of work-integrated learning as an approach, a methodology and an emerging pedagogy, that seeks to enhance the life chances of unemployed young people in tangible and pragmatic ways. The researcher investigated the workplace as a learning environment. This differentiates the study from other studies in the field – most studies are undertaken from the point of view of the institution/provider, and with the procedures put in place by institutions to enhance successful work placements. The researcher not only explored the workplace as a learning site, but also discovered what those elusive ‘employability skills’ are that seem to define what employers want from new entrants (but are seldom able to articulate). Furthermore, it foregrounds what workplaces need to do in order to enable meaningful learning – learning which is not necessarily
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only related to the curriculum within which the workplacebased programme is placed. A conceptual framework was developed, ‘WIL programme DNA’ and was tested in a real workplace. The conceptual frame evolved from a complex synthesis of education and workplace learning methodologies to illuminate the workplace as an important learning site. Furthermore, close observation, through a variety of innovative data collection methods (including pictorial representations by students) of how the students change first, themselves and second, the workplaces, are exemplary. The research question, how does the work environment during a WIL programme contribute to enhancing unemployed graduates’ employability?, led to an improved understanding of the intersection of learning and work, and the ways in which WIL practices can be enhanced to become a pedagogic practice which links knowledge gained in institutions, with knowledge gained in workplaces for the benefit of both the learner and the workplace. Academic supervisor: Dr R Blom; Field supervisor: Mr S Fenn
INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH OUTPUT
RITZ, Mary Customer Management: Creating a sense making framework for developing economies The overriding goal of the study was to determine if the customer management phenomenon should be treated and managed differently in different economic environments to improve its probability of success. This was based on the viewpoint that most of the literature on customer centricity seemed to be based on the developed world’s ways of thinking and doing, and the assumptions given were that these (often) western originated frameworks, would work in any socio-economic environment. However, if, as part of the study, the above was proven not to be true, the researcher indicated her need to develop such a framework for developing socio-economic contexts. The proposed framework consists of attributes that were considered best and most relevant for the developing world. Therefore, the main objective of the study was to address the phenomenon from a socio-economic perspective in the hope of offering new knowledge that can possibly assist people in the workplace to solve some of the challenges experienced in the customer management domain. The researcher’s
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underlying epistemological perspective is influenced by systems thinking. The relationship to the Cynefin Framework (Snowden and Kurtz, 2006), which makes reference to different market domains, was also referenced and adopted for the study. The researcher identified the customer centricity phenomenon as relevant to the Complex and Chaotic domains where context is unordered , which means there is no direct or obvious relationships between cause and effect, and problem solving in these domains is accomplished by determining emerging patterns. Lastly, because the study was based on a particular socioeconomic context, the researcher found it appropriate to base some of the thinking on Lessem’s (2001) principles of the “Four Worlds”. In addition, a literature review was carried out that confirmed the complexity of the matter under review by looking at some constructs of customer management (customer service, customer experience and customer relationship management). It was established how these components were complex in their own right. From the same literature review, certain aspects of the customer management phenomenon were identified, e.g. business performance and culture. A Grounded Theory methodology was followed utilizing a variety of data sources. The proposed customer centric framework is based on the findings derived from a developing context, which in turn has been compared to a framework that was derived from the 5 customer management frameworks utilized for purposes of this research. Academic supervisor: Prof B Anderson
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INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH OUTPUT
Doctor of Philosophy (MOTI): HEQSF - NQF LEVEL 10
RUSHESHA, Tapuwa Sherekete African entrepreneurship development in emerging African economies: A Zimbabwean Perspective The study intended to create an enterprising process that would be culturally, spiritually, socially, economically and politically contextual. It further intended to develop a framework that would have local application and global integrity creating self-determination through collective self-sufficiency and social consciousness in individuals, communities, organisations and national and global societies. The research method was identified as the 4C process (Lessem & Schieffer, 2011), which builds on the Integral Research to Innovation path (Lessem, 2011). Integratively building on Calling and Context, the third C emancipatorily considers the Co-creative elements of the research community, specifically through critiquing the research process and content, using existing knowledge fields (literature review) and utilising Critical Theory. The
entire synthesis culminated in the Afrintuneurship-Kudzimba framework that fully expresses African entrepreneurship. The research manifest of an identifiable, culturally relevant, contextual and home grown African entrepreneurship emphasises self-sufficiency starting at the family unit level and resulting in societal co-evolution. It synergistically integrates indigenous and exogenous knowledge without one dominating the other. Of particular interest is that the singular development impulse initiated by this research has produced a feedback loop into society that enhances and develops its knowledge base and learning processes. Most importantly, the resultant innovation ecosystem cocreated a number of outcomes: the aspired African form of Entrepreneurship-Afrintuneurship has been formed; a fundamental research institute called CISER (Zimbabwe) has been institutionalised. All this evolves and transforms onto the global platform through the coming together of globally acclaimed Catalysers, Activators, fundamental Researchers and Educators all striving for the CARE-ing of the African Renaissance. These focused initiatives have partially resulted in the publication of a book titled “Integral Green Zimbabwe: An African Phoenix Rising” published by Gower Publishing in England in November 2014. Academic supervisor: Dr A Schieffer; Field supervisor: Dr PC Muchineripi
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DA VINCI ORGANOGRAM
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Board
Council Executive Office Strategic Advice
Secretariat
Manager Catering
Office Manager Technology & Innovation Awards
Client Engagement
Registry
Academic Development
Operational Support
Key Account Management
Project Office
Learning Design
Finance
Student Administration
Research
HR
Student Support
Facilitation
Bookkeeping
Reception
Supervision
Operations
Business Development
Office Manager Client Engagement
Facilities Management
External Moderation
ICT
External Examination
Cleaning
Printing
Office Manager Business Development/ Communication/ Academic Development
Communication
Information Commons Technology & Innovation Awards
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RESEARCH POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
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Research Policy Framework
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Procurement of Academic and SME supervisors
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Student supervisor relationship
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Promotion from Master to doctoral registration
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Nomination and appointment of external examiners
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Protection, management and exploitation of intellectual property
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Examination procedures
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Reasearch Ethics
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INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY AWARDS PROGRAMME
The TT100 Awards Programme, with support from various partners (including The Department of Science and Technology, Eskom, PwC and the IDC) was launched in 1991 by the South African Engineering Association (SAVI). The programme has been focused on drawing attention to the importance of developing a local culture of technological innovation and excellence. TT100 has evolved into one of the foremost business awards programmes that laud South African companies for their prowess in the Management of Technology, Innovation, People, Systems, Research and Sustainability, regardless of their industry.
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The programme is as an effective vehicle for achieving growth and innovation advancement in our country, while raising awareness of the critical need for South African companies to embrace the management of technology, innovation and people in a systemic and sustainable manner. Since 1994, TT100 has enjoyed strong endorsement by the Department of Science and Technology (DST) as the major government sponsor. The TT100 Programme forms an integral part of The Institute’s annual business operations.
Entry numbers: 2015
70 companies
The winners for the 2015 TT100 Awards Programme include: Excellence in the management of technology
Minister’s award for sustainable performance
Emerging
Eurocom (Pty) Ltd
Emerging
Small
Smoke Customer Care Solutions (Pty) Ltd
Fraxion (Pty) Ltd
Medium
Intense Technologies (India)
Innovation Agency
Large
ELB Engineering Services (Pty) Ltd
LucidView (Pty) Ltd Small
Excellence in the management of innovation Emerging
ADDaBIT
Small
X/procure Software SA (Pty) Ltd
Medium
Globaltrack
Large
Allied Electronics Corporation Limited
Campus Labs Pvt Ltd
Smoke Customer Care Solutions (Pty) Ltd Technetium (Pty) Ltd Verirad (Pty) Ltd X/procure Software SA Globaltrack
Medium
ID Control Solutions cc
Excellence in the management of people
African Oxygen Limited
Emerging
Eurocom (Pty) Ltd
Allied Electronics Corporation
Small
X/procure Software SA (Pty) Ltd
Medium
Globaltrack
Large
ELB Engineering Services (Pty) Ltd
Large
Altech Multimedia (Pty) Ltd De Beers Technologies South Africa (DebTech) QK Meats SA (Pty) Ltd
Excellence in the management of systems Emerging
Eurocom (Pty) Ltd
Small
Smoke Customer Care Solutions (Pty) Ltd
Medium
No Award given
Large
Allied Electronics Corporation Limited
Director-General’s award for overall excellence Emerging
Eurocom (Pty) Ltd
Small
X/procure Software SA
Minister’s award for overall excellence Medium
Itemate Solutions (Pty) Ltd
Large
ELB Engineering Services (Pty) Ltd
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THE DA VINCI TIPS FRAMEWORK
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LIT AGI
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ME
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rkp
S Organisation System
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I Ideation - to create value
ALI
Wo
urn
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Tools/Metrics to achieve differentiation
Performance output
ENGAGEMENT
Human Interface
The management of technology (MOT) The management of technology argues that we are all technologists, every one of us who knows how to do something in a certain way and uses tools to do it, be they pencils or personal computers, machine tools or video screens. Teachers, auto designers, builders of factories or ďŹ nancial plans, whether we use language labs or lasers in whatever we do, we participate in the management of technology of our age. The management of innovation (MOI) This is essentially about how an organisation ďŹ rstly capitalises on the ideation process to develop an innovative product, service, process or system and as a result to commercialise and implement such innovation. The management of people (MOP) The understanding of the human bridge in implementing organisational processes and how the organisational human factor is leveraged, showing how and where people make the real difference in sustaining organisational growth and competence.
In linking and integrating the above domains with each other, Da Vinci argues that people should be able to demonstrate the following behaviours: Being agile Integrating the dynamics of the management of technology and the management of innovation such that as the organisation develops, improves and adapts its technology needs, appropriate amounts of innovation are applied to generate real market value and proďŹ tability. Being aligned Integrating the management of technology and the management of people by ensuring that the organisation upskills (by acquisition or development) the appropriate human capabilities to match and ideally exceed the technological needs at any one time. Being engaged Integrating the management of people and the management of innovation by way of evaluating the commitment and motivation of people at the workplace. It is measured in terms of the total incentive cost within the organisation.
The management of systems (MOS) The synthesis of all organisational activities and performances systemically, in an attempt to solve unique problems. The re-design of a competitive landscape may result in being hyper competitive. It also assumes that one perceives reality as a combination of known, knowable, complex and chaotic dimensions.
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EXTERNALLY FUNDED RESEARCH PROJECTS FOR 2015
Atlas COPCO The Master of Science qualification in the Management of Technology and Innovation is characterised by the emphasis placed on the need for students to become critical and creative thinkers, and eventually, elected representatives and employees, who utilise innovative approaches in managing their work life within their organisations. To this end, the programme equips students with the required competence to serve in transformation management leadership positions, enabling them to initiate socio-economic transformation within society. Altron TMT Altron TMT provided a sponsorship for Master students to conduct research in The Management of Technology and Innovation to serve in transformation management and leadership positions within the telecommunications, multimedia and information technology industry.
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Eskom Eskom provided a sponsorship for Master students to conduct research in The Management of Technology and Innovation customised for prospective managerial leaders within the energy generation, transmission and distribution industry. Henley air Henley Air provided a sponsorship for Master students to conduct research in The Management of Technology and Innovation, customised for managerial leaders within the Aviation Industry. South African Bureau of Standards The South African Bureau of Standards identified the need for a Master’s qualification in the Management of Technology and Innovation customised for prospective managerial leaders within the standards generation industry.
THE 2015 ANNUAL DA VINCI COUNCIL AWARDS
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These awards are conferred on doctoral and master graduates who, over and above their scholarly contributions, have displayed exceptional characteristics. These awards are bestowed at the annual graduation ceremony.
The Ann van Dyk Applied Research Award The Ann van Dyk Applied Research Award recognises students who, through excellence in applied research, contribute to a new understanding of what is core to the Da Vinci Institute’s offerings in terms of Management Leadership in Technology, Innovation, People and Systems Thinking. The student(s) should, through research activities, demonstrate an unquestionable contribution(s) towards the creation of new knowledge and application as related to the Management of Technology, the Management of Innovation, the Management of People and the Management of Systems (systemic way) within a specific organisational context. The award aims to encourage students to become business driven action learning research activists, presenting outputs which demonstrate excellence, quality and relevance to their respective workplace environments. Recipient: Ms V Scholtz
The Leonardo Da Vinci Award This award recognises individuals who display persistence, cheerfulness, a sense of adventure, tenacity, courage and helpfulness to others and who have either ably balanced their academic studies with extramural activities, or have balanced their achievements with real life challenges and opportunities in such a way to benefit society at large. Recipient: Dr D C Taljaard
The Da Vinci PhD Excellence Award The aim of the Da Vinci PhD Excellence Award is firstly, to acknowledge academic excellence demonstrated by a Da Vinci PhD graduate; secondly, to serve as an example of excellence for the Da Vinci students; and thirdly, to promote The Da Vinci Institute through the quality of its students’ work. Recipient: Dr S A Lloyd
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RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS
Researchers, including students, staff and alumni have the right and the duty to publish research findings in scientific journals, books and/or other media.
The following contributions were published or forwarded for publication during 2015: 1. Goosen, W. 2014. Human Capital Management: A South African Perspective. Sociology Study, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 269 – 282. 2. Grundling, J. 2014. Training and Development; Competency-Based HR Development. In Warnich, S., Carrell, R.M., Elbert, F.N & Hatfield, D.R. In Human Resources Management in South Africa 5th edition. pp. 340 – 395; 554 – 579. 3. Mamukwa, S.E. 2014. The phoenix rising: Towards an Integral Green Zimbabwe. In Mamukwa. L., Lessem, R & Schieffer (eds) Integral Green Zimbabwe: An African Phoenix Rising. Gower. 4. Muchineripi, C.R & Kada, M.H.S. 2014. The ‘Chinyikamodel’: A Case of an Integral Community and Rural Self-Sufficiency. In Mamukwa. L., Lessem, R & Schieffer (eds) Integral Green Zimbabwe: An African Phoenix Rising. Gower. 5. Kundishora, M.S. 2014. Community-Technology-Integration: ICT-Based Rural Transformation in Chinyika and Beyond. In Mamukwa. L., Lessem, R & Schieffer (eds) Integral Green Zimbabwe: An African Phoenix Rising. Gower. 6. Mandevani, M.K. 2014. Kushanya Mumamisha: Integral Community Activation via Community-Based Tourism. In Mamukwa. L., Lessem, R & Schieffer (eds) Integral Green Zimbabwe: An African Phoenix Rising. Gower. 7. Benjamin, C.E. 2014. Goko Routungamiri: The GENE of Leadership. In Mamukwa. L., Lessem, R & Schieffer (eds) Integral Green Zimbabwe: An African Phoenix Rising. Gower. 8. Rushesha, S.T & Mhaka, N.W. 2014. Afrintuneurship: Towards Integral African Enterprise Development. In Mamukwa. L., Lessem, R & Schieffer (eds) Integral Green Zimbabwe: An African Phoenix Rising. Gower. 9. Matupire, M.P. 2014. Utungamiriri Uzere: Integral Ubuntu Leadership as Caring for Society. In Mamukwa. L., Lessem, R & Schieffer (eds) Integral Green Zimbabwe: An African Phoenix Rising. Gower.
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10.Mamukwa, S.E. 2014. African Knowledge Rhythms: The Calabash of Organisational Knowledge Creation. In Mamukwa. L., Lessem, R & Schieffer (eds) Integral Green Zimbabwe: An African Phoenix Rising. Gower. 11. Chinyuku, M.J. 2014. Zimbabwean Industrial Ecology: Weaving the Web of Technological and Social Innovation. In Mamukwa. L., Lessem, R & Schieffer (eds) Integral Green Zimbabwe: An African Phoenix Rising. Gower. 12. Marombedza, K.K.M. 2014. Permaculture: Nature as a Guide for Community Learning and Sustainable Livelihoods. In Mamukwa. L., Lessem, R & Schieffer (eds) Integral Green Zimbabwe: An African Phoenix Rising. Gower. 13. Shindi, M.J. 2014. Co-creating Chinyika Valley: Towards a Rural ‘Integral Green’ Economy Powered by Mobile Communication. In Mamukwa. L., Lessem, R & Schieffer (eds) Integral Green Zimbabwe: An African Phoenix Rising. Gower. 14. Mugadza, G. 2015. Systems Thinking and Design Thinking: Complimentary Approaches? Systems Thinking World Journal: Reflection in Action. [Online Journal].3. [Referred 2015-2-6]. Available: http://stwj. systemswiki.org. ISSN-L 2242-8577 ISSN 2242-8577 15. Marcus, R. 2015. Unintended Consequences – A case for hope in the future. Available at: https://www.davinci. ac.za /publishedpublishable-articles/ 16. Marcus, R. 2015. Wicked Problems. Available at: https:// www.davinci.ac.za /publishedpublishable-articles/ 17. Marcus, R. 2015. Systems thinking and the 4 states of the system. Available at: https://www.davinci.ac.za / publishedpublishable-articles/ 18. Ritz, M. 2015. Customer Centricity: A Sense Making Framework for Developing Economies. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing.
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RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT
The research office at The Institute aims to create an enabling environment for students and staff to conduct research and obtain new knowledge and skills.
The following interventions were held in terms of research development for 2014 and 2015. 14.1 Publication workshops The following workshops were scheduled and conducted in the year 2015. The research and publishing workshops were facilitated on the following dates. • Publishing workshops were held on 13-14 August 2015 and 19 November 2015. Facilitated by Research professor, Richard Chinomona and attended by Da Vinci alumnus and students, the workshop served to indicate certain formulas to use when writing, editing and attempting to publish articles in journals. 14.2 Curiosita sessions Curiosity is one of the Da Vinci principles referring to “an insatiably curious approach to life and an unrelenting quest for continuous learning” (Gelb, 1998) The Curiosita forum is a monthly colloquium for contemporary thinking on the Management of Technology, Innovation and People in a systemic context, hosted by Faculty of The Da Vinci Institute. It involves a community of enquirers including PhD students who raise burning issues concerning their work based challenges and
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application as experienced during their PhD research journey or are interested in supporting their co-researchers in their journey. Debates include experts from the business environment; Da Vinci staff and other interested individuals assemble to present and discuss interesting topics and to provide mutual support in the quest for continuous learning. The Curiosita forum strives for enhanced participation and discourse for greater experiential learning rather than just “death by PowerPoint” - to capture Aristotle’s notion of dialectic rather than that of rhetoric speech. Objectives The Curiosita sessions intend to: • facilitate the execution of quality research by Da Vinci students, faculty and associates • allow an opportunity for Da Vinci researchers to obtain experience in presenting their research verbally to experts in the world of work, and to obtain feedback and input on their research • to provide mutual support by sharing knowledge, experiences, contacts, tips and techniques within the research and working community • to provide formal input on research methodology to the Da Vinci research community.
Da Vinci House 16 Park Avenue Modderfontein Johannesburg South Africa T: +27 11 608 1331 F: +27 11 608 1332 I: www.davinci.ac.za E: info@davinci.co.za The Da Vinci Institute for Technology Management (Pty) Ltd Registered with the Department of Higher Education and Training as a private higher education institution under the Higher Education Act, 1997. Registration No. 2004/HE07/003
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