Traditional Chinese Medicine and Artificial Intelligence

Lillian Davis-Bosch

TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE HOW CAN WE USE CHINESE CONCEPTS TO IMPROVE OUR HEALTH? THINK Global School China July 2019

https://www.hybridhealthandfitness.com/services/tcm

PLAN

NNING

Table of Excel

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1U7B40nKAIa9UV5cg-KnXLm

llence Draft

mLZYO0AlB_BxWGRppf5vSw/edit

Table of Exce

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1U7B40nKAIa9UV5cg-KnXLm

ellence Final

mLZYO0AlB_BxWGRppf5vSw/edit

Timeline

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1LsUvc02KtdjDYjssY

e Draft

YkNZ_cypnmo6ect-wsybl9SD1s4/edit#gid=0

Process Ru

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kZqSH3k0tlNmJ-at_Ahcl3J4P

ubric Draft

Pk9K6x1wlI-L2WhlYz4/edit

Process Ru

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kZqSH3k0tlNmJ-at_Ahcl3J4Pk

ubric Draft

k9K6x1wlI-L2WhlYz4/edit

INVEST

TIGATE

Excursion: Huqingyutang Pharmacy and TCM Mus

Type 1: De

The pharm

because o

learn abou

in general.

prescriptio

natural pro https://www.chinaculturetour.com/hangzhou/museum-of-hu-qing-yu-tangtraditional-chinese-medicine.htm

flowers, m

respects in

(methods:

Within the

In animal m

medicine t

flower, frui

https://www.chinadiscovery.com/zhejiang/hangzhou/hu-qing-yu-tang.html

ht

seum

escription

macy is one of the two that is the most famous in China

of how old it is. In the visit to the pharmacy we were able to

ut specific herbs, whereas the museum talked more about TCM

. Ancient Chinese pharmacology consists of herbal and

ons. To be considered a Chinese medicine it needs to be a

oduct with veracious plants as a main medicine (categories

mushrooms, spices, animal bi-products). There are 3 main

n pharmacology: materia medica (herbal), conception

: roasting, baking, or immersing/preparing), and prescription.

e categories of medicines there are specific parts that are used.

medicine, they use the body, bones and specimens. In plant

the categories are: roots and rhizome types, stem, cortex, leaf,

it and seed, entire plant, phycomcetesichem, and resin.

ttp://www.draconatural.com/traditional-chinese-medicine/

Excursion: Huqingyutang Pharmacy and TCM Museum

Type 2: Analy

When looking

medicine and

herbs. A bit la

wine, liquid, a

Hu Xueyan “b

medicines ca

have the inten

a big differen

priority is to m

common met

between TCM

working in tan POI’s to research:

- who uses TCM? (generational?)

- Safety standards (research: certificate of onformity) - Types of herbs?

- Passed through faimly?

- Deny mainstream?

- Common to buy or make? (Answer: both)

Type 3: Conn

Our final prod

audience. I be

eachother bu

as a legitimat -

yze (Modern Adaptation)

g at the pharmacy, it was clear that there was a division in traditional (old)

d then modernised adaptions. The main form of orginal medicine was to boil

ater some of the other orginal forms that emerged were: pill (ball), powder,

and ointment. Modern forms are: tablet, injection, capsule, oral and liquid.

be sure to purchase genuine medicinal materials, be sure to prepare the

arefully and conscientiously.� I believe that he is saying that you should never

ntion of gaining profit by using poor quality production. This stood out to me

nce to modern western medicine. The pharamascuitcal industry’s biggest

make profit and using low quality ingredients or overpricing medicines is a

thod used. When thinking about this, it made me think of the intersection

M and western medicine and how they can complement eachtoither when

ndem.

nections

duct is looking at how we can bring basic TCM knowledge to a western

elieve that in a lot of ways TCM and western medicine can complement

ut in order to do that there needs to be more knowledge and acceptance of it

te medicinal practice.

Excursion: TuiNa and Gusha Workshop with Dr. Liu

“A beautiful life starts with a he Type 1: Description

Three Foundational Concepts: 1.

Meradians

- The energy highways o

- 12 major meridians re 2. Pressure points

- switch point located a 3. Chi

- the invisible energy th the body.

- exists in every part of b

- source of all energy (= Six Types of TCM Healing: 1.

Herbal Medicine (most we

2.

Induction (movemnt =self

3.

Acuputinure

4.

Moxibustion (light on fire

5.

Guasha (scrapping)

6. Tui Na (massage) [help

ealthy body & spirit�

:

of the body that connects organs, skin, hair etc

elating to organs + 2 important central meridians

along meridians [analogy: values on a pipe]

hat moves through the meraiancs. Its main function is to move the blood through

body especially meridians

=blood)

ell know but not most important — all equal)

f healing and can be most powerful)

and put over pressure point

ps to move chi & unblock meradians]

Excursion: TuiNa and Gusha Workshop with Dr. Liu Type 2: Analyze

TCM is about healing s

balance which means a issues after they come

Type 3:

sickness and improving wellness. Overall it is about finding

a big part of the medicinal practices about not just curing up but instead using preventative measures.

Excursion: Type 1: Description

Yin and Yang

- Yin moves down (sin

- Yang moves up (floa

Together

nks)

ats)

Fu organs: -gallbladder -small intestine -stomach -large intestine -bladder Zang Organs: -liver -spleen -heart -lung -kidney TCM Theory: “the human body’s heart is dominant to the other organs. Cerebrum belongs o system” Four Diagnostic Methods: 0. Inspection 0. Inquiry 0. Listening & Smelling 0. Taking pulse & Palpation

Moxibustion: -external method of preventing and treating diseases -material = aiye and leaf -results: stop bleeding by warming meridians, expel cold and alleviate pain, prevention of mis -small, medium and large cone

Direct methods: -non-scarring: 2/5 of the cone burned then removed, becomes red but no blisters -scarring: completely burned out, creates blisters. Used to treat asthma and pulmonary tuber Indirect methods: -ignited come but isolated from skin with another material Ex. Ginger, warm needle, box -hang moxibustion with moxa roll Non Smoke Methods: 0. Moxa-roll, moxibustion box 0. Plaster 0. Oil

Cupping: Kinds of jars: bamboo, glass, magic (pump), horn jar Common methods: ignite, extract air Methods of jar techniques: simple, flash, stay, single, thick, thin, move, shaking, turning (+combinations) Normal reactions: bruise, redness not blisters Used for: wind-dampness syndrome, obstructive syndrome, numbness of limbs, acute sprain, common cold, cough, stomach ache, abdominal pain, diarrhea

the heart of the

scarriage

rculosis

Forbidden: cardiac failure, damaged liver or kidney, tuberculosis, severe anemia, high fever, broken bone, the abdominal during period or pregnancy, regions with large vessels, heart, nose, ears, eyes or vulva.

Left pulse: liver, heart, kidney Right pulse: lung, spleen, pericardium

5A.

.2

Vocabulary List [Definitions]

Wh

-Meridians: The energy highways of the body

Thi

that connects organs, skin, hair etc. There are

oth

12 major meridians relating to organs + 2

eac

important central meridians

bet

-Pressure points: switch point located along meridians [analogy: values on a pipe] -Qi: the invisible energy that moves through the meraiancs. Its main function is to move the blood through the body. It exists in every part of body especially meridians and is the source of all energy (=blood)

oth

rela

the

usin

hole Body Approach: One part effects others – all connected

is diagram of the 5 elements shows how nature interacts with each

her and how it relates to the body. The green arrows that link to

ch other is creation (ex. Wood makes fire) The arrows that go in-

tween elements in a star shape mean that one can control and the

her gives in. The body parts that are written under the elements

ates to this process because you would look at the things causing

e pain or illness and use the same thereof canceling it out with

ng its controlling element.

https://www.sacredlotus.com/go/foundations-chinese-medicine/get/5-elements-cycle

Yang moves up (floats) Together they create homeostasis

Yin moves down (sinks)

Face to sun – yang – sunshine Back to sun – yin – shadow

Yang= red meridians Yin = blue meridians

Yin and Yang are opposites but also depend and can transform each other Night – Day Cold – Warm Dark – Light

Draft Message Utilised in Chatbot [Implementation] What is Qi? Qi is considered the energy that connects everything in the universe. It is the vital force of the body, if you have no Qi it means you are dead. Qi energy flows through your body along so called meridians. Qi moves along meridians which are like veins for the Qi. The main function of Qi is to move the blood through your body. Too much or too little Qi in any area of your body can lead to illness. When your Qi flow is irregular, it is unbalanced therefore you get sick. 
 YinYang YinYang is the idea that there are two different types of energies in your body. Yin is cool, calm and passive. Yang is active, energetic and hot. You need both in order for your body to be healthy and balanced. The represent to abstract and complimentary aspects that every phenomenon in the universe can be divided into. 


In Tcm everything is made of 5 different elements. Water, Wood, Fire, Metal and Earth. These elements are in a generating cycle with each other. However they also have an overcoming cycle, where one element destroys another. https:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=JJNEvjwipO0

Final Message Utilised in Chatbot [Implementation] Qi is the energy that connects everything in the universe and is the vital force of the human body. Qi flows throughout your body along the meridians and helps to regulate blood. Blockage of a meridian effects buildup or lack of qi in an area of the body which leads to illness.

In TCM, there are five elements in which everything is made up of: water, wood, fire, metal, and earth. These elements are in a generating cycle with each other. Not only do the elements create each other, but they can also counteract and destroy each other.

YinYang is the two types of energies in your body. Yin is cool, calm and passive. Yang is active, energetic and hot.

You need both in order for your body to be healthy and balanced. Everything in the universe can be divided into either yin or yang energy. If you have excess yang energy, in order to be balanced you need to add elements of yin into your body.

Justification of Recommendations:

In writing the definitions there was an effort to make it clear an

so they are able a basic understanding of the theory or concep

that we choose to implement, there is a different in length and

chatbot, but throughout) where we has to make a decision to c

response. In this was we needed to make sure that we were no

possible. This action was justified because we felt that due to u that it was necessary to make this change.

Additionally, we decided to not only have these definitions of

recommendation section but also in a beginning section wher

choose these three to be included because according to the e

theories and concepts. Additionally this choice was justified be

recommendations/treatment section. Having these definitions

could refer back if they did not understand fully the terms use

nd concise to the reader, but also provide enough information

pt. Looking from the draft recommendations to the final one

d detail. We ran into an issue (not only in this part of the

cut responses down to make them look less cluttered as a

ot taking out vital information, but also saying it as ocnsiely as

user feedback (responses were too long and hard on eyes)

qi, 5 elements, and meridians in the treatment/

re the user could learn just about TCMs main concepts. We

experts that we had been working with, these were the main

ecause it is most relevant to what terminology came up in the

s accessible would be most beneficial to the users so they

ed in their treatment message.

Recommendation/Treatment Messsages Utilising Main Theorit

“If you want to relieve your tension headache, you could try activating three acupressur , and Zhong Zu (TE3). Jian Jing can be found in your shoulder muscles, and you massa can be located by feeling for the mastoid (ear) bone and following the groove back to w of your pinky and ring finger. Apply pressure to these areas for 4-5 seconds.”

“…you can try using some acupressure points that will help ease the pain in your head. the skin from where the big toe and the second toe meet. Massage in between the joints Yong Quan acu-point, located directly behind the ball of your foot in line with your mid

“… Your posture can impact your breathing, organ function and muscle integrity. Good

“This qigong practice works in the head and neck regions, and mainly involves massage meridians, activate qi and blood”

“It seems that your large intestine meridian is lacking Qi. Meridians are invisible energy meridian flows throughout your body and is connected to the side of your head. A lack o your tension, try applying pressure to the He Gu pressure point. It can found in the flesh

Justification: The reason that we justified including some of the d

wasneccesary in order to understand the rest of the content. If pe info about TCm and its main theories.

An additional justification that was made was why we included inf

our recommendations for treatments were based on our extensiv

main theory that pertained to the symptom or illness which led us

ties/Concepts [Implementation]

re points: Jian Jing (GB21), Wind Pool (Feng Chi/GB20) age it by pinching the muscle between your thumb and middle finger. Wind Pool where the neck muscles attach to the skull. Lastly, Zhong Zu between the knuckles

There is the Tai Chong acu-point, located about two fingers width above where s of those two toes to feel relief. If this doesn’t work, you can also massage the ddle toe, as well as the Zu San Li point, located right below your kneecap.”

d posture ensures that your Qi is flowing properly. “

e and breathing techniques. It will help your body regulate the functions of the

y pathways through which life energy called “Qi” flows. The large intestine of Qi flow in this area may explain why you are experiencing pain. To help relieve hy part between the web of your first and second finger.”

definitions into the treatment messages was because we help that it

eople still do not understand, they can go to the start and get more

formation pertaining to this type of recommendation in general. All of

ve research (see last slide of bibliogrpahy). This allowed us to see the

s to the final recmommendation that the user would recieve.

6D

D.2

Ethics: moral principles that govern a person's behaviour

https://www.tekoalyaika.fi/en/background/ethics/

Overall Evaluation: A lot of the steps to defining and evaluating if the ethics were good in our product is hard to due because there was not a complete product. If the nexts steps were to be the product being put on the market or internet then it would be necessary to carry out more of these. Due to lack of time and resources, many of the steps were not completed and require more research.

Ethics In Medicine:

1.

Voluntary, well-informed, consent of the human subject is required.

EVAL: Consent is there because the people choose to come to the site and deci 2.

The experiment should aim at positive results for society that cannot be procured

EVAL: Information could be procured in another way but allows for different met 3.

It should be based on previous knowledge that justifies the experiment.

EVAL: In order to make this project ethically sound, think that it would be necess to prove that the evidence and knowledge justifies the project.

4.

It should be set up in a way that avoids unnecessary physical and mental suffering EVAL: The disclaimed avoids suffering and injuries

5.

It should not be conducted when there is any reason to believe that it implies a ris

EVAL: Disclaimer is used, product does not imply risk of death or disabling injur 6.

The risks of the experiment should be in proportion to the expected humanitarian

EVAL: Experiment is not being conducted, though humanitarian benefitits are es 7.

Preparations and facilities must be provided that adequately protect the subjects a EVAL: Preparations are the disclaimers, no facilities involved.

8.

The staff who conduct or take part in the experiment must be fully trained and scie

EVAL: Staff are not trained or qualified BUT this is stated clearly in the beginning 9.

Human subjects must be free to immediately quit the experiment at any point.

EVAL: They are able to close out the browser freely

10. The medical staff must stop the experiment at any point when they observe that co

EVAL: Disclaimer is given as well as symptoms that are dangerous throughout th

ided to continue past the disclaimer. in some other way.

thod of delivery that is easier accessible

sary to create test subjects to try out chatbot for experimentation in order

g and injuries.

sk of death or disabling injury.

ry.

n benefits.

stimated.

against the experiment’s risks.

entifically qualified.

g. Ideally with more time we would’ve TCM dcoctors approving our work.

ontinuation would be dangerous.

he diagnosis process lead to “cannot help, go to doctor” message

Code of Ethics According to the Asilomar AI Principles: •

The goal of AI research should be to create not undirected intelligence, but beneficial

•

Investments in AI should be accompanied by funding for research on ensuring its

•

Any involvement by an autonomous system in judicial decision-making should provide

•

There should be a constructive and healthy exchange between AI researchers and

•

A culture of cooperation, trust, and transparency should be fostered among researche

•

Teams developing AI systems should actively cooperate to avoid corner-cutting on s

•

AI systems should be safe and secure throughout their operational lifetime, and ve

•

Designers and builders of advanced AI systems are stakeholders in the moral implic shape those implications. [8]

•

Highly autonomous AI systems should be designed so that their goals and behaviors

•

AI systems should be designed and operated so as to be compatible with ideals of hu

•

People should have the right to access, manage and control the data they generate

•

The application of AI to personal data must not unreasonably curtail people’s real o

•

AI technologies should benefit and empower as many people as possible. [13]

•

The economic prosperity created by AI should be shared broadly, to benefit all of hu

•

Humans should choose how and whether to delegate decisions to AI systems, to

•

The power conferred by control of highly advanced AI systems should respect and im society depends. [16]

•

Risks posed by AI systems, especially catastrophic or existential risks, must be sub A)

•

An arms race in lethal autonomous weapons should be avoided. [18] (N/A)

https://futureoflife.org/ai-principles/ https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/AI-code-of-ethics

intelligence. [1] beneficial use. (N/A) [2]

e a satisfactory explanation auditable by a competent human authority. [3] policy-makers. [4]

ers and developers of AI. [5]

safety standards. [6]

erifiably so where applicable and feasible. [7]

cations of their use, misuse, and actions, with a responsibility and opportunity to

s can be assured to align with human values throughout their operation. [9] (N/A)

uman dignity, rights, freedoms, and cultural diversity. [10]

e, given AI systems’ power to analyze and utilize that data. [11]

or perceived liberty. [12]

umanity. [14] accomplish human-chosen objectives. [15]

mprove, rather than subvert, the social and civic processes on which the health of

bject to planning and mitigation efforts commensurate with their expected impact. [17] (N/

Evaluation of Chatbot According to the Asilomar AI Principles •

[1] EVAL: Believe that our program has the possibility to have beneficial intelligranc

•

[2] EVAL: We did not have investors, nor did we conduct research due to limitaiwto

•

[3] EVAL: Human authority was involved in the decision making. Able to explain thr

•

[4] EVAL: Talked to one expert in field of AI but not policy makers.

•

[5] EVAL: Did not have researchers though within the developers I believe there wa

•

[6] EVAL: Did not cut corners, though also did not fully finish process of product so

•

[7] EVAL: Unsure what the chatbots operational lifetime is, depends on how soon a

•

Designers and builders of advanced AI systems are stakeholders in the moral im shape those implications.

•

[8] EVAL: Resposibility was taken, AI system has disclaimers and more would need

•

[9] (N/A) EVAL: Is not a highly autonomous system and didn’t need to be aligned w

•

[10] Programmed by humans with a diverse range of people checking in order to h

•

[11] EVAL: This would be a step of further inquiry if our product was put on the mar

•

[12] EVAL: See previous evaluation

•

[13] EVAL: See evaluation number [1]

•

[14] EVAL: Not on market and current economic profit is non existent.

•

[15] Confused about this statement. More research required

•

[16] (N/A) EVAL: Not a highly advanced system

•

[17] (N/A) EVAL: No expected catastrophic or existential risks

•

[18] (N/A) EVAL: No use of lethal autonomous weapons.

s:

ce, needed to do testing and experimentation before bringing to the market.

on of time and resources.

rough justifications in process prtolfio

as cooperation, trust, and transperancy.

o would need to do more.

advancements are made in field of TCM, justifications argues it is safe and secure

mplications of their use, misuse, and actions, with a responsibility and opportunity to

d to be done in order to be put to the market.

with human values.

have these factors accounted for.

rket. I don’t think there is any personal data involved.

5A

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Law of the People's Republic of China on Traditional Chinese Medicine Law authorised December 25, 2016 and came into force July 1, 2017.

-Purpose: inheritiing and carrying forward TCM, gurenteeing the promotion of TCM -Equal promotion of eastern and western medicine (Article 3)

Qualifications of TCM in China:

“Those who have learned traditional medicine from masters for three years or

take the examination of practicing doctors or the examination of assistant pra

associations of traditional medicine approved by the health administration de

institutions for medical treatment, disease prevention or healthcare. The cont

health administration department of the State Council.� (Law on Practicing Do

Sources: https://digital.lib.washington.edu/dspace-law/ bitstream/handle/ 1773.1/770/11PacRimLPolyJ687.pdf?sequence=1 https://www.cnn.com/2017/06/29/health/china-newlaw-traditional-chinese-medicine-tcm/index.html https://www.google.com/search? q=state+administration+of+traditional+chinese+me dicine&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj22d3YkJXkAhUJsp 4KHbC5APcQ1QIoAHoECAoQAQ&biw=1251&bi h=715

M, and protecting the health of the people (Article 1)

r have acquired special medical skills through many years of practice may

acticing doctors after being assessed and recommended by professional

epartments of the people's governments at or above the county level or

tents and methods for the examination shall be separately formulated by the

octors of the People's Republic of China, Article 11)

“According to the Chinese Medicine Ordinance, proprietary Chinese medicine mea

(a)composed solely of the following as active ingredients: (i) any Chinese herbal medicines, (ii) any materials of herbal, animal or mineral origin customarily used by the Chines (iii) any medicines and materials referred to in subparagraphs (i) and (ii) respective (b) formulated in a finished dose form; and (c) known or claimed to be used for the diagnosis, treatment, prevention or alleviati regulation of the functional states of the human body.”

“According to Section 119 of the Chinese Medicine Ordinance, no person shall sell, impor registered under the Chinese Medicine Council of Hong Kong.”

“According to Section 143 and 144 of the Chinese Medicine Ordinance, no person shall se Chinese medicine is labelled and with a package insert.”

“the Public Health and Municipal Services Ordinance (Cap. 132) imposes regulation on me consumption” “the Pharmacy and Poisons Ordinance (Cap. 138) imposes regulation on drugs containing any western medicine as ingredients;”

“the Undesirable Medical Advertisements Ordinance (Cap. 231) imposes regulation on ad

“the Trade Descriptions Ordinance (Cap. 362) imposes regulation on counterfeit medicine

“the Protection of Endangered Species of Animals and Plants Ordinance (Cap. 586) impos species.”

http://www.cmd.gov.hk/html/eng/important_info/regulation.html

ans any proprietary product:

se; or ely;

ion of any disease or any symptom of a disease in human beings, or for the

rt or possess any proprietary Chinese medicine unless the proprietary Chinese medicine is

ell or possess any proprietary Chinese medicine unless the package of the proprietary

edicines including proprietary Chinese medicines on whether they are suitable for human

any western medicine as ingredients. Proprietary Chinese medicines should not contain

dvertising of medicines”

es and false representations”

ses regulation on proprietary Chinese medicines containing ingredients of endangered

As seen from the research above, there is considerable measure

China are ethical. The most recent regulation and law about TCM

medicine. Additionally these ethical measures will allow for furth

on important issues that are pressing currently (such as endange

The country that I choice as a comparison is the United States.

“To become a competent and qualified TCM practitioner in the post-graduate study at an accredited educational institution.”

Additionally…

Most states require national board certification for TCM pra

“TCM products are mostly regulated as dietary supplement in th

phase-two and even phase-three trials in application of new dru a botanical cardio tonic pill.

This new phase could lead to more acceptance of TCM in the U healthcare.

https://www.takingcharge.csh.umn.edu/explore-healing-practices/what-traditional-chinese-medicine/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201811/29/WS5bff3bbca310eff30328bb19.html

es being taken in order to ensure that TCM practices in

M hopes to aid in the growth and development of the

her promotion in and out of china because they touch

ered species).

United States requires three to four years of full time

actitioners.Â

he Untied States. But a number of TCM products have entered

ugs with US Food and Drug Administration� such as the T89 which is

United States which could lead it to become a part of mainstream

-tcm-regulated

6D.

.4:

Possible Ethical Concerns for Providing TCM Medical Information:

Reports and studies of herbal products used in TCM have found a variety o

▪ Some Chinese herbal products have been found to be contaminated w

warfarin and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent diclofenac); h called sulphites, which could cause asthma or severe allergic reaction

▪ Relatively few complications from using acupuncture have been repo

and improper delivery of treatments. When not delivered properly, ac organs, collapsed lungs, and injury to the central nervous system.

▪ Tai chi and a similar technique called qi gong appear to be safe practi

associated with minor aches and pains. Women who are pregnant sho any other exercise program.

NCCIH is supporting studies to determine if:

▪ TCM can treat fibromyalgia ▪ Acupuncture can ease joint pain caused by medical treatments for bre ▪ A tai chi program can be a feasible alternative to traditional cardiac re https://nccih.nih.gov/health/whatiscam/chinesemed.htm#hed4

of safety issues.

with undeclared plant or animal material; drugs (such as the blood-thinner heavy metals (such as arsenic, lead, and cadmium); pesticides or compounds ns; or incorrect herbs, some of which have caused organ damage.

orted. Still, complications have resulted from the use of non-sterile needles cupuncture can cause serious adverse effects, including infections, punctured

ices. While it’s unlikely that tai chi will result in serious injury, it may be ould talk with their health care providers before beginning tai chi, qi gong, or

east cancer

ehabilitation programs in selected people.

Disclaimer message in Chatbot:

Please note that this chatbot does not replace a visit to the doc

are qualified to give professional advice. If you are experiencin

and go seek medical attention. Known high blood pressure Inte

intense accidents resulting in neck or spine injury or head traum

you faint regularly you should not be using the chatbot Are taki serious medical issues.

Personal Reflection on Ethical Concerns:

After reviewing the current ethical evaluation of our chatbot, I p

without further experimentation and approval from a doctor be

about where the disclaimer message but I feel that there needs accurate.

ctors office. None of the creators are medical professionals that

ng any of the following symptoms, please do not use this chatbot

ense and/or consistent pain Nausea and vomiting Any recent

ma Head trauma, neck or back injury Pregnancy Heart disease If

ing any type of strong medication A history of any sort of

personally would not feel comfortable putting this for public use

ecause it does not follow my code of ethics. I currently feel good

s t be reassurance that our treatment methods are viable and

3A.

A.4:

Main Principles of dialog flow:

Process:

-need input to have output

After prel

decided u

-key words or yes or no -works as a tree with branches

What is a chat bot?

A chat bot is a computer program that has been inputed with responses so it can automatically respond tho the user without human interaction.

What is a dialog flow?

Dialog flow is the program that we are using for this project in order to host the inputs for our conversation.

Methods used to tree

liminary research was conducted and the main topic was

upon, we started to create a dialog tree.

o create dialog

First drafts: we split into groups of

started to create where it would go

research. Additionally we put some

more important or applied to all se beginning

front, back and side and

o into based on our

e questions that were

ections of the head at the

Typed up version into lucid chart which is what we are using to draft out our dialog tree. (still need to input side data from slide before)

Current Dialog Tree [Ready to input into DialogFlow]

Why did we organise it the way we did?

We decided to organise it into 3 main sections of front back side because we felt that these were the main ways that distinguish the treatment and symptoms for a headache. One of our goals was for the user to feel that this treatment was individualised for them and that they were receiving personalised care. By using this method of organisation, in terms of the ordering of the questions, we feel that we achieved this goal.

AI1

1

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4285726/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3840020/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4285726/

https://www.maximsnews.com/ultimate-guide-to-herbs-used-in-chin Astragalus (huang qi)

Ginger

Commonly prescribed for general debility, chronic

Used widely as a flavo

illnesses, and to increase the

fragrance. Works to h

overall vitality of the system.

diarrhea, and nausea

oxidant and anti-infla Ginseng

One of the most valuable medicinal plants. Used for: tiredness, weakness, decreased mental and physical capacity and boost immune system

Licorice

Created into extract t

an expectorant, antisp inflammatory, and in

and duodenal ulcers.

skin rash symptoms, s

swelling, and itching.

nese-traditional-medicine#list

Wolfberry (Gogi)

ouring and

help stomach ache,

a as well as an anti-

ammatory agent

It is rich in antioxidants and vitamins. Used in herbal teas for weight control, anti-aging, and liver and kidney protection.

Ginkgo Bilboba

then paste. Root used as

pasmodic and anti-

One of the oldest living tree

the treatment of peptic

species. Extract is made from the

. Topical may improve

leaves. Used as mild vasoactive

such as redness,

and neuroprotective supplement

.

Herbs used in Chatbot as treatment: [Implementation] -Perilla Stem, Hawthorne Berry, Lingzhi, Cnidium, Turmeric

These are herbs that help with the overall flow of qi (energy) t

Xiao Yao San Formula (Ear Root, Chinese Angelica, Pepperm

This blend is good for stress and prementrual symptoms. Hel

https://www.euyansang.com.sg/en/stress-from-the-tcm-perspective/eysstress2.html

Root, Tangerine Peel, and Fleeceflower Root

throughout your meraians and can eleviate a lot of symptoms.

mint, White Atractylodes, and Poria)

lps relieve liver and large intestine meridian

AI2

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http://climb.pcc.edu/blog/the-importance-of-medical-terminology-in-the-healthca https://www.ibm.com/watson-health/learn/artificial-intelligence-medicine https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2013/153148/

are-field

Meri

orga

orga

Thes

the b

Press flow

Thes

acup

need

They

the q and

idians: The energy highways of the body that connects

ans, skin, hair etc. There are 12 major meridians relating to

ans + 2 important central meridians

se pathways are how the qi (energy) is able to flow through

body though when blocked illness can occur.

sure points are along meridians and can ad allowing blood to continue in that area therefore regaining the flow of qi

se meridian points are commonly stimulated through

puncture or acupressure which is done with hands instead of

dles.

y are very signifnant in traditional Chinese medicine because

qi (energy) flows throughout it and when blocks pain systems illnesses can occur.

Pressure Points Utilised In Chatbot for Treatments:

Stress:

“There is the Tai Chong acu-point, located about two fingers width above w Massage in between the joints of those two toes to feel relief. If this doesn’ directly behind the ball of your foot in line with your middle toe, as well as

Stress and Digestive problems: “To help relieve your tension, try applying pressure to the He Gu pressure p and second finger.”

Neck Tension: “If you want to relieve your tension headache, you could try activating thre GB20), and Zhong Zu (TE3). Jian Jing can be found in your shoulder musc thumb and middle finger. Wind Pool can be located by feeling for the masto muscles attach to the skull. Lastly, Zhong Zu between the knuckles of your seconds.”

One part of knowledge that we worked hard to implemen

describe the acu point well enough in order for them to fi

number so they could look up a diagram if still confused.

decided that it was necessary to cut it down a bit because

because it was not ascetically pleasing but instead overw

where the skin from where the big toe and the second toe meet. ’t work, you can also massage the Yong Quan acu-point, located s the Zu San Li point, located right below your kneecap.�

point. It can found in the fleshy part between the web of your first

ee acupressure points: Jian Jing (GB21), Wind Pool (Feng Chi/ cles, and you massage it by pinching the muscle between your oid (ear) bone and following the groove back to where the neck pinky and ring finger. Apply pressure to these areas for 4-5

nt for the users in the chatbot was understandability. We wanted to

find it, but in case we also included the name and many times the

. In the first drafts the explanations were more detailed but we

e it was hard for the usr to read the entire things on the chatbot

whelming.

https://magicguru.org/self-develop https://www.facebook.com/2432829570275932/

breathe-through-feet.html

photos/a.2561662954059259/2795822927309926/? type=1&theater

https://www.healthyandnaturalworld.com/zu-san-lipoint-of-longevity/

http://www.acupuncture.com/educa largeintestine/li4.htm

https://www.healthline.com/health/p points-for-neck

pment/immortals-

https://tcmwiki.com/wiki/jianjing

ation/points/

pressure-

https://phoenixrisesacupuncture.com/gb-20/

Meridian (Pathways) Investigation: Stomach Meridian

Yang meridian. Paired with sple

Physical imbalances can lead to stomach problems, abdominal edema, vomiting, sore throat�

Emotional imbalances can lead

worry, skepticism, poor confide suspicion or mistrust.�

The

bec

neg

sym

me

sple

https://www.natural-health-zone.com

een

o: “digestive and pain, distension,

d to: “anxiety,

ence, feelings of

e reason I chose to investigate the stomach meridian is

cause it is paired with the spleen, which is linked

gative thoughts and worry which tie into some mod the

mptoms of the chatbot. This means that the stomach

eridian can be utilised to counteract the overuse of the

een.

Meridian (Pathways) Investigation: Large Intestine

Yang m

“It contr

from liq

outward It plays

bodily fl

skin's p

https://www.natural-health-zone.com

meridian.

rols the transformation of digestive wastes

quid to solid state and transports the solids

ds for excretion through the rectum. a major role in the balance and purity of

fluids and assists the lungs in controlling the

pores and perspiration.�

This meridian is paired with the lung meridian. Together with the heart, they are able to lay the foundation for all of the pathways of qi in the body with is very important.