IDA by Tiffany Chan

IDA BOOKLET

TIFFANY CHAN 4201706

Content

IDEA OF BUILDING

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY

STRUCTURAL STRATEGY

MATERIALS STRATEGY

4.1 Explorations in Materiality 4.2 Compositional Relief

29 39

BIBLIOGRAPHY 43

The Idea Of Building 5

THE IDEA OF BUILDING Global housing crisis: How can this situation be exhibited in a museum?

Cramped Apartment in Hong Kong Shot From Directly Above source- http://petapixel.com/2013/02/19/cramped-apartments-in-hong-kong-shot-from-directly-above/

BY TIFFANY CHAN In project 2, I have been exploring the quality of the spaces in between buildings in the Gold Lane Estate. It is important now

There is a struggle with storage, there is a low allowance of personal items as most will be shared. As half of the room is used

Cramped Apartment in Hong Kong Shot From Directly Above source- http://petapixel.com/2013/02/19/cramped-apartments-in-hong-kong-shot-from-directly-above/

BY TIFFANY CHAN In project 2, I have been exploring the quality of the spaces in between buildings in the Gold Lane Estate. It is important now that I analyse the quality of the interior spaces within housing. People have many views on the Barbican Estate, it is new for some, but it feels very familiar to me as I live in Hong Kong. While visiting an apartment at the Barbican, questions were raised about why people would pay such a high price for a small space to live in. Although this is not a problem in London at the moment, it is a very relatable general issue in Hong Kong and many places around the world. The shortage of land is a big issue in Hong Kong, creating a recent trend of living in ‘cage homes’, cubicle apartments, roof-top houses and small sub-divided and partitioned units. As people want to live in a prime location in the city, people are willing to pay a lot of money to live in lower quality spaces. I would like to reconstruct these spaces as an exhibition at the site within the Barbican, showing the living conditions in human scale so people can experience the full impact. Spatial Interpretation The image above shows a cubicle room around the size of 4m² with 3 inhabitants. I feel it is a powerful image to recreate as an exhibit in the museum, as it shows many important issues of housing in the city. By creating a set with the considerations of spatial qualities, materials, environment and structure.

There is a struggle with storage, there is a low allowance of personal items as most will be shared. As half of the room is used for storage, there is only about 1m x 0.5m space for circulation and activities and half of the doorway is covered. The furniture within the room are mostly temporary, the multifunctional table they are using to eat on is foldable, it is not a suitable height for dining. The cooking equipment is limited, there is only one stove and a small space for preparation for food near the window. They are watching a small television hidden within the storage space on the left side. The main structure in the room is the ikea design wooden bunk bed, there are 3 people meaning 2 people have to share a small single bed. There is a major problem with the environment and health, due to the poor ventilation, many cubical residents suffer from respiratory disease. As you can see, the whole family cooks and eats in the same room with no extractions. They are lucky enough to have these aluminium framed single glazed windows considering most of these rooms do not contain windows because of the way the rooms are divided. They would share a bathroom with many other residents so the hygiene levels are low, illness and diseases would spread very easily due to the lack of space. There are many social issues within this type of housing, stressful relationships with neighbours and disagreement with landlord, causes mental illness.

Environmental Strategy 9

SITE CHARACTERISTICS My project is to bring awareness of the Global Housing Crisis, and for people to experience it through my building. I chose to situate my site in the Barbican as it is an important figure for housing in London and it is in a great location in the City of London

Fig. 1 Residential Density of London

Lauderdale Place

51Â° 31' 9.208" N

0Â° 5' 40.413" W

The Barbican Estate is Grade II listed so I have to be careful designing around the existing. The area I have selected is an enclosed area close to the tower to portray pressure on spacing and limitations in housing, to make people feel slightly uncomfortable in the space

Beech Street/ Aldersgate Street

Back of Estates Office

High

Low

Lauderdale Place

Different Ground Levels of the Barbican

B Fig. 2 Wind Rose of London The data shows that the prevailing wind is mainly from the South West, The Barbican Tower is acting as a barrier and protects the site from strong winds.

Fig. 5 Stereographic Sun-path Diagram Of London A MIDDAY

AFTERNOON

DECEMBER

MORNING

High Fig. 4 Average High/Low Temperature

AUGUST

MARCH

Fig. 3 Average Rainfall in London

Low

DAYLIGHT The site gets most light on the east side, the exhibition wouldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t open very early so there is not much need for a shading device, it is ideal to warm up the building and increase solar gains. The east is open, there are no obstructions nearby because of the level drop, it also holds a great view of the skyline. The winter hours are not so long in London, the monthly average is around 3-8 hours. As my building will not be taller than the surrounding buildings, the south light is mostly blocked by Seddon House, Lauderdale tower is to the west, it only covers the site near sunset but not during the day Skylights can be used to bring in natural light into the building as it is quite a dark site, especially if my building is going to be tall. Considerations have to be taken not to go too near the surrounding residential blocks as they need privacy but the idea is to have a link to one of the apartments without blocking their view

Plenty of glazing can be used around the building as it would not experience summer over heating very much has it is shaded by the surroundings. That way people can see what the exhibition is about and allows natural daylight

Fig. 6 Average daily sunshine hours

Fig. 5 Stereographic Sun-path Diagr

AUGUST

MARCH

DECEMBER

MORNING

1 BUILDING, 7 CITIES

HONG KONG

SHANGHAI

LONDON

BERLIN

NEW YORK

MEXICO CITY

JOHANNESBURG

CLIMATE CONDITIONS

Average Monthly Temperature 1

Lowest Temperature 22.5

Temperature â&#x201E;&#x192;

7.5

-7.5

Highest Temperature

Annual Average Temperature

Average Relative Humidity

Berlin

-3

80.5

New York

-3

58.3

London

79.6

Shanghai

80.3

Mexico City

59.2

Hong Kong

79.6

59.2

Johannesburg

Ideal Relative Humidity is 40-64%, over 70% can lead to mould growth aggravates asthma and allergies reducing below 50% reduces dust mites

Month

Internal temperatures below 12 and above 35 increases cardiovascular stresses. Above 35 increases risk of respiratory diseases, especially where local air pollution is high

100

Percentage %

Average Monthly Relative Humidity

Recreating the Rooms The aim is to recreate the existing conditions of the rooms that shows housing struggles in the 7 different cities using the senses. Sight: Replicating the furniture and keeping the room in the same size, for it to look the same. Dealing with lighting appropriately, the use of natural light and artificial lighting. Hearing: Noises of each city with surround sound system, hidden in the room. Smell: with people doing the same activities in the space such as cooking the local food will bring the feeling to life. Touch: This plays an important role to make a difference in the separation of the cities. To do this, I have looked at the climates in the city as the Temperature is crucial. The humidity is also an important factor as homes in different countries struggle with the heat and humidity

Untitled 1

Month

Fig. 7 Senses Information from Http://www.climatemps.com/

DESIGN STRATEGIES

AIR

LIGHT

LANDSCAPE

WATER 16

MATERIALS HEAT

POWER

Structural Strategy 19

SITE CHARACTERISTICS The site is situated in a very built up area in London, in the Barbican estate. The area that I am building on is a platform, there are garages and car parks underneath, therefore the structure cannot be too heavy. The foundations also have to be very shallow or goes through the car park. There are 2 levels of access onto my site, the upper level is only for pedestrians, there are steps down. On the lower level, there is vehicular access from Beech Street, so materials can be brought directly on the site.

INSPIRATIONS

Fig.2

Fig.1 My project is about exhibiting the global housing crisis, using the idea of cubicle housing situation in Hong Kong as a structural concept, a grid like system for people to experience the building itself as well as the exhibits. Making a connection between the my project 2 which was a pavilion on the other side of the Barbican. I used a repetitive structure to create pattern and routes through

I wanted my building design to be quite open, only enclosed in each room, all the circulation is to be outside. I decided to use a modular structural design where there is a frame and I slot in the different rooms.

Another idea is using the scaffolding method, using the existing building as a support, it does not need to touch the ground. This method may be more temporary. Scaffolding is a temporary structure to support people and materials when constructing or repairing building exteriors. I would like to use this idea and transform it into a more artistic piece, more like an installation or sculpture.

SITE PLAN 1:2000

CONCEPT

Fig.3 The top image is the Serpentine Pavilion that Sou Fujimoto did which inspired me as a sculptural piece that people can climb and sit on, it looks simple and elegant creating a natural shape. The bottom image is a fantastical drawing Lebbeus woods did which made me think of maybe bringing the structure through the Barbican Tower

The materials I have in mind is either steel or bamboo. Steel is the most common scaffolding material but bamboo is very popular in Hong Kong, where I came from, this would be an interesting to bring into the project

uated in a very built up area the Barbican estate. The area ding on is a platform, there are car parks underneath, therefore cannot be too heavy. The so have to be very shallow or the car park.

evels of access onto my site, el is only for pedestrians, there wn. On the lower level, there ccess from Beech Street, so be brought directly on the site.

As the site is on top of a car park, it would be difficult to put in foundations for my building so I would like to look at ways to accommodate my design on this site. The first method I went to was to hang my building off the existing Barbican tower. I wanted my building design to be quite open, only enclosed in each room, all the circulation is to be outside. I decided to use a modular structural design where there is a frame and I slot in the different rooms.

TIONS

Fig.2

Fig.3

e is the Serpentine Pavilion moto did which inspired me al piece that people can climb ooks simple and elegant ural shape. The bottom image drawing Lebbeus woods did me think of maybe bringing the ugh the Barbican Tower

MATERIALS PROPERTIES

I chose to use Bamboo as my m with it and it could look very scu different culture which fits in with

STEEL

ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS

AESTHETICS

EASE OF CONSTRUCTION

COSTS

BAMBOO

Steel is a very strong and durable structural material, it is the material to use in high rise buildings

Bamboo is a type of timber, it is more considered as a type of grass

Producing steel causes CO2 emissions and other particulates into the air but steel is recyclable and can be used over and over again. It is often recycled from scrap cars and demolished buildings

Compared to other types of timber, it is a fast growing material, it only takes 4 years to mature and ready to use. Bamboo releases more oxygen than most hardwoods, which is good for the environment. It cannot be recycled but it is biodegradable so it is eco friendly

It is shiny, silver in colour, it looks very industrial. It can create uncomfortable light, it could also rust but can be painted over. Paint usually flakes off over time

Every piece will be different as it is natural and no engineered. It is either brown or green so it is comfortable to the eyes

All the pieces are to be calculated pre cut and transported and assembled on site. As steel is man made, it can be very precise and neat so everything should fit perfectly

As Bamboo is not grown in Europe, it is likely to be imported from China or South America. Bamboo is light and easy to transport to site, it can be pre cut but amended on site if needed

Most of the cost goes to the production of steel, with the machines and workers.

It costs for people to grow and cure the bamboo but it creates more jobs for the developing countries. Also there are transportation costs. Other than that the material itself is considered cheap

Many under estimate the strengt material in Europe as it cannot b very strong and is used as scaff most popular in Hong Kong. Th some bamboo buildings in Japa

Bamboo has to be treated befor construction. Chemical preservat but it is often toxic and has to b Preservatives allows the bamboo

I have chosen Guadua bamboo bamboo, grown in low altitudes basin. This is one of the strong size, it is widely use in housing

MBOO

is more considered as a

mber, it is a fast growing o mature and ready to xygen than most hardenvironment. It cannot be e so it is eco friendly

MAIN STRUCTURE I chose to use Bamboo as my material as I can get very creative with it and it could look very sculptural. It also brings in a taste of different culture which fits in with my project Many under estimate the strength of bamboo, as it is not a popular material in Europe as it cannot be grown in this weather but it is very strong and is used as scaffolding in areas of Asia and Africa, most popular in Hong Kong. The durability is usually the worry but some bamboo buildings in Japan are over 100 years old Bamboo has to be treated before it is ready to use for construction. Chemical preservation ensures long term protection but it is often toxic and has to be treated very carefully. Fixing Type Preservatives allows the bamboo to be used outdoors I have chosen Guadua bamboo which is a South American bamboo, grown in low altitudes around the Amazon and Orinoco basin. This is one of the strongest types of bamboo and varies in size, it is widely use in housing construction

it is natural and no engireen so it is comfortable to

urope, it is likely to be America. Bamboo is ite, it can be pre cut but

Fig.4

d cure the bamboo but veloping countries. Also Other than that the material

Fig.5

Fig.6

BOO

onsidered as a

a fast growing and ready to n most hardnt. It cannot be eco friendly

different culture which fits in with my project Most of the cost goes to the production of steel, with the machines and workers. COSTS Many under estimate the strength of bamboo, as it is not a popular material in Europe as it cannot be grown in this weather but it is very strong and is used as scaffolding in areas of Asia and Africa, most popular in Hong Kong. The durability is usually the worry but some bamboo buildings in Japan are over 100 years old

It costs for people to grow and cure the bamboo but it creates more jobs for the developing countries. Also there are transportation costs. Other than that the material itself is considered cheap

Bamboo has to be treated before it is ready to use for construction. Chemical preservation ensures long term protection but it is often toxic and has to be treated very carefully. Fixing Type Preservatives allows the bamboo to be used outdoors I have chosen Guadua bamboo which is a South American bamboo, grown in low altitudes around the Amazon and Orinoco basin. This is one of the strongest types of bamboo and varies in size, it is widely use in housing construction

al and no engiis comfortable to

likely to be Bamboo is be pre cut but

Fig.4

bamboo but countries. Also that the material

Fig.5

Fig.6

STRUCTURAL MODEL ON SITE

GROUND SUPPORT This is going to be evenly spread out on the plan so the load is evenly spread across the site. This is going to fill the whole of the ground floor, you can get glimpses up the building but you cannot enter from this level

Fig.7

Bamboo scaffolding usually stands on ground with the vertical elements and diagonal supports This is the ground of the podium I am building on with a car park/ garage underneath

Concrete is usually used in the footing of bamboo as it keeps the moisture away, in this case, I am not building on soil so that is not much of an issue, I could use a timber plank and anchor bolt it down but concrete would stick better to the ground, instead of having each vertical piece going to the ground with a footing each, I decided to group a together 4 into 1

JOINERY

This is a piece I saw that Li Xiaodong did at the sensing spaces exhibition at the RA. He is very interested in using timber and raw materials. On the ground floor of my building, I would like to use the idea of screens creating a maze like space with route through to a main space to look up into the building

I chose a steel connection joint as it is secure, by using a metal tubing it can reduce the chance of the bamboo being crushed. It is change from the traditional tying method, it makes it look more modern. It looks light but strong

Fig.8

Traditionally, bamboo is joined together using the tying method.

FLOORING

WALLS

4.1

Materials Strategy Explorations in Materiality

SITE COMPARE AND CONTRAST The site is within the Barbican and the whole Barbican estates uses the same concrete material, for the thicker elements, a more rough concrete material is used, the colour is consistent throughout. The colour has changed over time due to the weather and dirt. To suit my project about the housing crisis, I chose to use materials that are in contrast of the site. I would like my building to stand out but be comfortable to look at. The idea is to have the structure that looks like scaffolding and it is clinging onto the Barbican tower. The design looks very light with a bamboo grid with exhibition and hotel elements floating within the structure. To separate the different elements, I chose different materials that will complement each other.

SYNTHETIC

NATURAL

DARK

BRIGHT

MONOCHROME

COLOURFUL

COOL

WARM

DULL

SHINY

ROUGH

SMOOTH

DENSE

OPEN

EXPLORATIONS CHOOSING COLOURS This sculpture is a representation of my project. Each tower is a city with the height showing the population density To distinguish the different cities, I chose 7 colours for each tower. To keep it pure, I decided on using primary and secondary colours with a black and a white. I tested out different shades and colour on a piece of scrap wood that I cut out The sculpture was inspired by torres de satelite by luis barragan, it is a large sculptural piece with interesting angles and colours that celebrates the place

TORRES DE SATĂ&#x2030;LITE LUIS BARRAGĂ N

Ply was not a good choice of wood to have gone for as it was difficult to paint over with the holes, I had to fill it in with wood filler and smoothen it. A denser wood would be much better for this. To make the surface smooth, I had to apply a few thin layers of acrylic. Then I used a clear sealer sray to go over the surface to make it glossy

For the pieces insde, I decided to go for a shiny silvery material, representing different densities. I tested out with different metal materials and it goes well with the colours

At first I only coloured the outside to show the outer layer as a metaphor for the brightness and glamour side of the cities and they rough wood surface representing the people struggling to live there I later decided to colour the full frame as it looks better as a complete surface. It is much neater and you can see the colour much better. This is the aesthetics I would like for the outer skin of my exhibition spaces

I have used the bamboo in different ways to create a different atmostphere using angles, sizes and shapes for different experiences throughout the building. From the bottom where it is very dense and it feels like a maze and as you go up, there it spreads out and finally to this very open grid and floating components. The Bamboo acts as a structure and a facade. It also casts interesting shaddows on the site

PRECEDENTS

GC Prostho Museum Research Centre, Japan

The material is cheap, the cost would go to the treatment of the bamboo before it can be used in construction

ENVIRONMENTAL COST

Compared to other types of timber, it is a fast growing material, it only takes 4 years to mature and ready to use. Bamboo releases more oxygen than most hardwood, which is good for the environment

AESTHETICS

Every piece will be different as it is natural and no engineered. It is either brown or green so it is comfortable to the eyes, it has a natural glossy surface

Bamboo wall house, China “I try to use light and natural materials to get a new kind of transparency.” –Kengo Kuma

Sunny Hills, Japan

MONITORY COST

Kuma uses timber and bamboo to create many different patterns, creating structures my multiplying the elements. For the Bamboo wall house, he uses water to reflect the materials and to create an peaceful environment in respect to the site. The light shines through the gaps of his structure, the amount of light depends on the separation in each piece of material, this is his way of transparency instead of using materials such as glass.

BUILD-ABILITY

Bamboo is light and easy to transport to site, it can be pre cut but amended on site if needed, it is a very flexible material to work with

MAINTENANCE

If the bamboo is properly treated it should last for years, parts can easily be replaced it has to be covered so water doesn’t get into the core

LIFESPAN

Minimum of 25 years but it can be over 100 years If the bamboo is chosen well, treated properly, designed carefully and maintained

BAMBOO TESTING

WORKING WITH BAMBOO

Dirk Hebel, a professor at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH), has developed a new material made of bamboo fibres mixed with organic resin. He says that it bamboo can be as strong as steel and it could be replaced as a reinforcement material in concrete. Bamboo is a much more cheaper and sustainable alternative, it has a better tensile capacity than steel. It has been used for many years in developing countries, it is generally used as a local material. Vietnamese architect Vo Trong Nghia describes it as the â&#x20AC;&#x153;green steel of the 21st century. It has unique properties, it is malleable, bendable which allows the structure to obtain shape and beauty. It is a great material for open spaces, as a simple shelter

I experimented with a bamboo canes, I had different thicknesses which was hard to work with. The main problem I have is splitting as I put pressure on the bamboo when I cut it It was difficult to get a clean cut with a handsaw as it would move as it is circular, the method is to cut it quick and with force The material is very strong, I couldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t snap even one cane, it would be very strong as a bundle I also assembled it as a grid and took photographs with a screen, testing the material and light

GLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC (FIBERGLASS)

INSPIRATION

PRECEDENT

Union North- MPV Nightclub This is a bar, restaurant or nightclub, 4 prefabricated steel hulled red pods tucked under victorian railway arches in Leeds. They are either single or 2 storey spaces that have walls opening up. The primary structure is made of steel with a steel skin, the floors consists timber joist spanning between the steel ribs. The pods are covered with a colour that is shiny, a little metallic becasue of the base

Keith Wilson- Steles The 35 Steel pillars are painted in the five colours of the Olympic rings and range from 10-16 feet (3-5m) in height. They are sprayed with pigments, then wrapped around in plastic and bought onto the site. These create interesting reflections on the water and there is a streak of light where the sun is shining on the pillars. This material adds dimensions to the pillars, you can also see the texture

MONITORY COST

The raw materials are cheap but there is a lot of processes in making the glass fiber with colour

ENVIRONMENTAL COST

The production of fiber glass causes hazardous air pollution that is harmful as it contains styrene so PPE must be worn. Waste and water runoff has to be carefully managed as it is harmful if it gets in the body

AESTHETICS

It has a smooth glossy surface where there will be reflection off the surface. It can be painted different colours evenly by spraying the pigments on

BUILD-ABILITY

The material is light and strong, it is easy to handle. Panels are already made and brough to site for assembly. It can include insulation to reduce heat loss

MAINTENANCE

It is very waterproof, very suitable for the outdoors, as it is a material usually used on boats

LIFESPAN

Fibre Glass has an unlimited lifespan, it is very durable, usually lasts over 50 minimum, unlike other plastics, it is not affected by the sun and heat as much

You can see the reflection on the material, it is particularly clear on the darker colours

This is the main exhibition space in a typical house shape outer skin and you can walk around the room

Sleeping Pods

Shinjuku Kuyakushomae Capsule Hotel

9H Hotel, Kyoto

This hotel is old and is a popular one. The designs of the capsules are one of the originals, It uses a colour plastic material. The hotel includes a bath rooms with marble finishing and saunas

The design of these capsules are much more modern and smooth. The design is very clinical using all white and sharp edges. This sort of design suits my building more with the aesthetics

ALUMINIUM It takes a lot of process in producing the aluminium

MONITORY COST ENVIRONMENTAL COST AESTHETICS BUILD-ABILITY MAINTENANCE LIFESPAN

Aluminium the only metal that is 100% recyclable without lsos of quality. It is remelted and requires little energy, about 5% of the energy to produce the initial metal Silver in colour, depends on the finish, reflective surface

It is light-weight, which is ideal for my design. It has a low melting point and low density so it is malleable and can be pressed and formed into different shapes It scratches easily, better if avoiding human contact and sharp objects just used as a lining outside. Water staining is the common problem but the smoother the surface, the more water runoff, less of an issue. It should be cleaned from time to time. Still in good condition over 50 years, depends on the weather and treatment

In usuing aluminium to incapsulate the capsules I want to capture the bamboo on the surface of this material to show, I tested it with some materials, I think it works better with the brushed surface as it reduces glare and is a nicer finish

I want to keep the inner skin fiberglass, it will be casted and mass produced

Polished Aluminium

The capsules are fully insulated

Brushed Aluminium

Using an Aluminium outer makes it look futuristic

4.2

Materials Strategy Compositional Relief

1:20 PART SECTIO

1:50 PART PLAN

1:50 PART ELEVATION

Exhibition strucuture scrap cor timber

Brick flooring on existing concrete structure

1:20 PART SECTION ROOF 14mm Glass Reinforced Plastic 22mm Wood Fibre Board 240mm Rigid Insulation Vapour Control membrane 100mm Cross laminated Timber 14mm Glass Reinforced Plastic

Raynaers Aluminium CS 68 windows and doors fitting FLOOR 14mm Glass Reinforced Plastic 25mm Screed 12mm Rubber Floor Protection Membrane 130mm Cross laminated Timber panel (3 Layers) 200mm Rigid insulation 14mm Glass Reinforced Plastic

General connections in section through the bamboo Exhibition on slums, strucuture made of bamboo, scrap corrugated metal and timber

Attachments of pod onto the bamboo structure

Material

Thickness (mm)

Thermal Conductivity (W/mK)

Thermal Resistance (m2K/W)

UValue

WALL

Welded steel capping and 14 GRP connections gathering 3 pieces of bamboo together 200 insulation CLT Connections to the Timber 100 14 FloorGRP

Double Glazed Material Window

U-Values Calculations Hidden CLT Board to support system from cross wind

Material

Thickness (mm)

Thermal Conductivity (W/mK)

Thermal Resistance (m2K/W)

UValue

0.25

0.056

insulation

200

0.020

CLT

100

0.13

0.769

GRP

0.25

0.056

GRP

10.881

2.3

Double Glazed Window

Brick flooring on existing concrete structure

0.092

GRP

0.25

0.056

Screed

0.41

0.061

Rubber

0.09

0.133

CLT

130

0.13

Insulation

200

0.02

0.25

0.056

GRP

11.306

0.13

0.769

0.25

Thermal Conductivity (W/mK)

0.056 10.881

0.092

Thermal Resistance (m2K/W)

2.3 UValue

14 14 200 25 100 12 14 130

0.25 0.25 0.020 0.41 0.13 0.09 0.25 0.13

Insulation

200

0.02

0.056 0.056 10 0.061 0.769 0.133 0.056 1 10.881 10

0.25

0.056

ROOF FLOOR GRP GRP FIBRE BOARD Screed Insulation Rubber CLT CLT GRP Insulation GRP

FLOOR

0.056

WALL FLOOR GRP GRP insulation Screed CLT Rubber GRP CLT

GRP Double Glazed Window

WALL

Thickness (mm)

0.25 0.020

11.306

14 14 22 25 240 12 100 130 14 200

0.25 0.25 0.04 0.41 0.02 0.09 0.13 0.13 0.25 0.02

0.25

0.056 0.056 0.55 0.061 12 0.133 0.769 1 0.056 10 13.431 0.056 11.306

0.088

0.25

0.056 0.55

0.04

Insulation

240

0.02

CLT

100

0.13

0.769

GRP

0.25

0.056

FIBRE BOARD

2.3 0.088

0.074 0.088

ROOF GRP

0.092

Bibliography

CW2 IMAGES Figure 1- Drawings.blogspot.com Figure 2- http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/news/in-depth/olympic-venue-weather/london Figure 3- http://www.holiday-weather.com/london/averages/ Figure 4- http://www.holiday-weather.com/london/averages/ Figure 5- https://www.educate-sustainability.eu/kb/content/sterographic-sunpath-diagram-london-uk-lat514-n-lon-0?size=_original Figure 6- http://www.holiday-weather.com/london/averages/ Figure 7-http://siagelproductions.com/assets/5senses-1.jpg PUBLICATIONS Sofie Pelsmakers, 2015. The Environmental Design Pocketbook. 2 Edition. RIBA Publishing The Environmental Handbook - Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios. 2016. The Environmental Handbook - Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios. [ONLINE] Available at: http://theenvironmentalhandbook.com. [Accessed 04 March 2016].

CW3 IMAGES Figure 1 http://media.treehugger.com/assets/images/2013/03/soco-hong-kong-cubicle-apartments-1.jpeg.650x0_q70_crop-smart.jpg Figure 2 http://www.dezeen.com/2013/09/29/i-tried-to-create-something-between-architecture-and-nature-sou-fujimoto-on-serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2013/ Figure 3 http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/architecture-design-blog/2012/oct/31/ lebbeus-woods Figure 4 http://static1.squarespace.com/static/53407b1de4b05fdb12d8f4a7/t/53414cb4e4b0cffc81feebbe/1396788407291/guadua-bamboo-poles.jpg?format=1500w Figure 5 http://www.guaduabamboo.com/preservation/ Figure 6 http://www.bd.gov.hk/english/documents/code/GDCBS.pdf Figure 7 http://l7.alamy.com/zooms/0e4f2a1ca60147df864de696d4b0357d/building-covered-with-bamboo-scaffolding-tsim-sha-tsui-kowloon-hong-cb4693.jpg Figure 8 Grow Your Own House: Simon Velez and Bamboo Architecture p.118 PUBLICATIONS Guidelines on the Design and Construction, Hong Kong Buildings Department Available at : http://www.bd.gov.hk/english/documents/code/GDCBS.pdf Jules J.A. Janssen, 1995. Building with Bamboo: A Handbook. 2nd Edition. Practical Action. 2013. Grow Your Own House: Simon Velez and Bamboo Architecture (English and German Edition). Bilingual Edition. Vitra Design Museum. Pierre Frey, 2013. SimĂłn VĂŠlez: Architect Mastering Bamboo. Edition. Actes Sud. WEBSITES http://www.guaduabamboo.com/working-with-bamboo/joining-bamboo http://www.tatasteeleurope.com/en/sustainability/steel-for-a-sustainable-future http://www.designboom.com/design/hong-kong-bamboo-scaffolding/ http://www.guaduabamboo.com/preservation/

CW4.1 IMAGES https://artaiafvg.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/bamboo-2.jpg http://keithwilsonstudio.com/ http://www.myfreetextures.com/sheet-of-aluminium-brushed-metal-texture/ http://www.dezeen.com/2015/11/04/bamboo-fibre-stronger-than-steel-dirk-hebel-world-architecture-festival-2015/ http://www.dezeen.com/2014/07/16/vo-trong-nghia-interview-materials-architecture-bamboo/ http://kkaa.co.jp/works/architecture/great-bamboo-wall/ http://www.domusweb.it/content/dam/domusweb/en/architecture/2014/01/13/sunny_ hills_and_thematterofbusiness/snhl_A7R_37606.jpg http://www.themodernhouse.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/museum-950x713.jpg https://ninehours.co.jp/en/kyoto/ https://i.ytimg.com/vi/lkg-IaEkSi4/maxresdefault.jpg https://exp.cdn-hotels.com/hotels/4000000/3030000/3020500/3020494/3020494_2_z. jpg WEBSITES http://ibuku.com/about/faq/ http://www.deq.state.or.us/aq/factsheets/07aq001fiberglass.pdf http://www.remi-claeys.be/en/aluminium-properties-and-benefits http://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2857 http://www.kalzip.co.uk/PDF/uk/Kalzip%20durability%20of%20aluminium%20technical%20 information%20sheet.pdf PUBLICATIONS Bognar, B. (2009). Material Immaterial: The New Work of Kengo Kuma. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. VIDEO https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KVEGvy20HXo