Catalogue Vienna Urban Technologies and Strategies by Birgit Ginzler

The administrator’s shopping list Austrian Register of Tenderers connects public sector and contractors Entrepreneurs want to keep tabs on open tenders in the European Union area. Procurement officers want to ensure that their candidates and contractors meet all their legal and social obligations. The Austrian Register of Tenderers (ANKÖ), a non-profit organization, supports both sides by acting as a neutral clearinghouse. The ANKÖ has already connected hundreds of public administrators in and beyond Austria with some 8,000 companies. The mission is to improve quality in procurement and to aim at the most effective use of tax money. organizational set-up: The non-profit organization’s board is made up of Austrian public authorities and statutory representations of interest alike. ‹‹ An ANKÖ Event ‹ ANKÖ Expert Talk © ANKÖ

n Procurement is a core task for all government bodies from the municipal, regional and federal levels. They publish invitations for tenders for the construction of high-speed trains, cleaning services, or the delivery of whiteboards for primary schools. A number of external service providers take part in the competition, and the winner gets the contract. But who guarantees that the successful tenderers live up to their legal and social commitments and responsibilities? How can the contracting authority know whether these entrepreneurs pay for their employees’ social benefits packages, grant all workers’ rights, and comply with the law on the employment of foreign citizens? – For several years now, the Austrian Register of Tenderers (ANKÖ), a non-profit organization, supports all stakeholders in public procurement in order to improve the quality of the procedures and the outcomes of the contracts. The ANKÖ screens Austrian and international candidates and contractors for their suitability and eligibility to bid according to the Austrian law. The resulting list is a unique online database, updated on a daily basis, which already has 8,000 entries. Entrepreneurs must apply for their listing by supplying documents and certificates as well as a membership fee. Once a proANKÖ_01_Register of Tenderers

curement authority is interested in the background information of a specific candidate or contractor, it consults the ANKÖ. The success of the list of entrepreneurs and their eligibility confirms the ANKÖ’s role as a neutral clearinghouse that accelerates procedures and fosters transparency in procurement. Prospective entrepreneurs also receive benefits from the services offered by the ANKÖ. The members of the ANKÖ clearinghouse are alerted to new opportunities, since they receive information about some 40,000 public tender invitations and open tenders every week. The ANKÖ staff collects this information from journals and web services like the Tenders Electronic Daily (TED) from across Austria and the EU and then announces it on the ANKÖ website. Some Austrian contracting authorities, including the city government of Vienna and the regional governments of Burgenland, Styria, and Salzburg, publish their tenders regularly via the ANKÖ website. But the ANKÖ does not only operate in the cyberspace; it also acts as a matchmaker in the real world. Throughout Austria, the ANKÖ organizes its sector-specific procurement dialogue events. The ANKÖ mirrors the sensitive balancing of its stakeholders’ interests in its own

Registered non-profit organization, ANKÖ Service Ges.m.b.H. is a subsidiary. The ANKÖ offers its expertise in procurement, and by connecting contracting authorities with a specific company’s information from company registries, health insurances, and professional bodies. Services for contracting authorities: They can obtain proofs of eligibility, certificates, and updated data of more than 8,000 companies in construction, services, and supplies. They can ask for the screening of a prime contractor. Authorities and large companies make 60,000 inquiries a year.

Facts & Figures

Services for candidates and contractors: They can upload their company documentation and proofs of suitability for public contracts and can refer to their ANKÖ file in subsequent competitions. In a typical week, access to more than 40,000 tender invitations and open tenders in Austria and the EU, up to 1,000 new entries a day. Free test period of 60 days. Procurement Dialogue Events: The ANKÖ organizes expert talks throughout Austria to bring the contracting authorities as well as candidates and contractors together.

Award: EU 2009 „Best Practice Award“ for the list of companies and their eligibility® Responsible company: Austrian Register of Tenderers (ANKÖ)

www.tinavienna.at

E-Mobility Tomorrow’s Urban Transport The City of Vienna encourages climate-friendly and efficient means of transport. Thus Vienna’s public utility company (Wiener Linien) now leads a steering group for improving future integration of the city’s transportation systems in which public and individual means of transport will be smartly combined. City dwellers will be able to change smoothly from an intercity train to an electrically powered rental car, or, from a local train to a rented bicycle. The overarching principle of e-mobility is that “owning cars” shall be replaced by “sharing cars”. to the test in the reality of the urban every day. Principally, Vienna seems a great starting point for a roadmap towards e-mobility because public transport but also walking and cycling are very popular today already.

‹ The way we move next © Wien Energie/Klaus Vyhnalek

n When will the next subway train depart, and where exactly is its final station located? Is an electrically powered, ready-todrive rental car parked in the station’s garage? Can I reserve that car online and drive it in the next hour? Such queries will be answered satisfactorily in Vienna’s urban environment of tomorrow if there is planning today. The Wiener Stadtwerke – the public utility company – is leading an e-mobility steering group to develop just such a system. Coordinating its actions with the “smart city Wien” programme, the e-mobility group works with a range of public and private mobility providers in order to improve “mobility on demand.” City dwellers will be able to choose their optimum transport combination from any point and at any hour. They will find one integrated information and service system, rather than a jungle of railway platforms, bicycle rental stations, car parks, and rental car providers. In the future, all aspects – information, assistance, reservation, booking, and accounting are envisioned to be part of one Vienna mobility system. There are thus two related R&D tasks to be completed: sophisticated software in the digital world, and a well-designed on-site guidance system. BMG-E_01_e-mobility

Shifting from a jumble of competing mobility providers towards an integrated service provider, the City of Vienna aims to concurrently take its city dwellers to the new reality of climate-friendly mobility. The idea is that citizens will move away from owning cars and towards sharing cars; away from fossil fuels and towards electrically powered vehicles; away from a single but inefficient and climate-unfriendly means of transport towards the most comfortable and efficient combination of two or more means of transport in one trip. The new Vienna mobility concept foresees the introduction of mobility cards, which will include simple access and accounting features. Customers will make heavy use of certain mobility hubs, e.g. train stations, where they can pick features like Park and Ride, Bike and Ride, Car Sharing, City Bikes and e-charging infrastructure from a mobility menu. The strengths and weaknesses of this integrated system will be assessed from 2012 at several sites in Vienna. One such “living lab” will be the Vienna Westbahnhof. The idea of a multi-modal, customer-friendly mobility hub will be put

E-mobility means clean and affordable mobility, powered by renewable energy resources and a comfortable and good opportunity to merge public transport with individual means of transport. The aim is to satisfy ecologic, social, and economic expectations and requirements in mobility. Tomorrow’s mobility menu should be comfortable and clean, fast and reliable, secure and barrier-free, available around the clock, flexible depending on the transport requirement, emit as little CO2 and other pollutants as possible, quiet, resource- and spaceefficient and independent from oil and other fossil energy resources.

Facts & Figures

Vienna has outstanding prerequisites: Already today, 69% of trips are undertaken by those environmentally-friendly means of transport. 2.5 million trips are registered on Vienna's public transport provider everyday. First steps of the e-mobility programme are tested from 2012 in 10 “living labs” in and around Vienna.

Responsible company: Wiener Stadtwerke Beteiligungsmanagement E-Mobilität GmbH

www.tinavienna.at

Tightly knit connections at 32.5 knots Twin City Liner offers waterborne transportation service between Vienna and Bratislava Only 60 kilometres separate the two capitals Vienna and Bratislava from one another. Since 2006, the Twin City Liner has linked the two European cities via the Danube river. Travelling at approximately 60 kilometres per hour, the two high-speed catamarans carry more than 130,000 passengers a year between Vienna and Bratislava. With the Twin City Liner, the City of Vienna has created a symbol of cross-border cooperation and implemented a profitable public-private-partnership project. load factor, the Twin City Liner is above all an idea which has come to symbolize cross-border cooperation in the CENTROPE region. ‹‹‹ The Twin City Liner on the way to Bratislava ‹‹ On board of the Twin City Liner ‹ Comfortable transportation on board of the speed catamoran

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n Since 2006, an additional regular boat service has linked the cities of Bratislava and Vienna. Between the two landing piers in the respective city centres, passengers enjoy a comfortable 75-minute journey through 60 kilometres of riverscape at a speed of approximately 32.5 knots (around 60 kilometres per hour) – picture windows, first-class seating and passenger deck with seats included. Each of the two high-speed catamarans made of aluminium has a seating capacity of 126 and can also be hired for private events. Following on from the historical tram link between the two EU capitals Vienna and Bratislava, the Twin City Liner aims to provide comfortable cross-border transport. Bratislava and Vienna have come into closer contact through the waterway connection, promoting the cities’ tourism and quality of regional life. The link has been profitable since its first year of service in 2006, and since then the number of passengers has grown annually: from 80,000 to 105,000 in 2007, and in 2008 the number rose to 130,000 passengers and capacity was extended with the provision CDR_01_Twin City Liner

Year of construction: 2006 and 2008 Length: 33 m Width: 8.5 m Max. draught: 0.85 m Height: 6 m Weight: 40 t

of another boat. Since 2006 700,000 passengers used the possibility to go by Twin City Liner. Thanks to their low draught and low wash design, the boats are ideal for travelling on the Danube and the Danube canal, which is occasionally very shallow in the summer. The Twin City Liner infrastructure project was developed and implemented by the Central Danube Region Marketing & Development GmbH, a Wien Holding company, together with Raiffeisenlandesbank Niederösterreich-Wien (Raiffeisen Lower Austria-Vienna Regional Savings Bank), and is also run by the former. As a publicprivate partnership, the project is a successful example of regional city collaboration implemented without public funds. Being both investors and partners of the City of Vienna, Raiffeisenlandesbank NÖWien and Wien Holding have boosted the economy. In 2009, the project was presented with the Red Arrow Award for special achievements in improving infrastructure by “Future Business Austria”. Apart from the successful implementation, sleek catamarans and good passenger

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Total capacity: 126 passengers Crew size: 5 crew members Propulsion: 2 MTU Diesel engines + 2 Hamilton waterjets Output: 1960 HP (1,440 kW) Maximum speed: 37 knots (69 km/h)

Partner: DDSG Blue Danube Schifffahrt GmbH Responsible company: Central Danube Region Marketing & Development GmbH

www.tinavienna.at

Facts & Figures

Easy on the budget – easy on the environment Energy contracting for buildings in and outside Vienna The energy contracting scheme of the Central Danube Region Marketing & Development GmbH (CDR) is primarily targeted at large buildings with high energy consumption. It offers comprehensive support and tailor-made solutions for the optimisation of in-house technical facilities to customers in and outside Vienna, resulting in energy savings of up to 50 per cent. The instalment and servicing of the technical facilities is financed from the annual savings on energy costs. Energy contracting: ‹‹ The administrative building of Vienna’s passenger shipping port ‹ At Vienna’s Dianabad indoor swimming pool © Central Danube Region

Facts & Figures

Energy saving contracting schemes of CDR comprise: n rough analysis n detailed analysis n feasibility studies n drafting and assessing energy efficiency measures n calculating the raw material requirements n conducting the competitive bidding procedure in compliance with the EU and the Federal Procurement Laws n identifying funding options n drawing up and submitting the eligibility documents n construction management n monitoring of the energy savings and CO2 reduction achieved

n Energy consumption and CO2 emissions of hospitals, shopping centres, office and administrative buildings, indoor swimming pools or sports complexes frequently fail to meet state-of-the-art standards. In its capacity as service provider specialising in energy saving, CDR offers its know-how, analyses weaknesses and comes up with contracting schemes for energy-saving solutions. No capital outlay is required on the part of the customers, since the necessary investments are made by the energy system manufacturers and are re-financed from the energy savings achieved. CDR stands for independent consultancy and can be contacted for specialist advice on technologies, financing and implementation throughout the project period. The infrastructure improvements make for both cost reductions and environmental protection. Examples of energy-saving contracting schemes: n In the summer months, the administrative building of Vienna’s passenger shipping port is cooled with well water. The annual CO 2 savings amount to 150 tonnes. n At Vienna’s Dianabad indoor swimming CDR_02_Energy Contracting

pool heat recovery from air and water has resulted in annual CO 2 savings of 350 tonnes. At the Sopron University, the replacement of outdated heating boilers and radiators and the optimisation of room thermostats have resulted in the reduction of CO2 emissions by 600 tonnes annually. In 2008, the energy optimisation measures at Hungary’s Olympic swimming pool in Balatonfüzfö received an award from the Austrian Society for Environment and Technology (ÖGUT).

Enterprises, municipalities and public corporations in the CENTROPE Region, at the junction point of the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Austria, benefit from the optimisation of their energy budgets and are able to improve their energy and eco-balance. CDR is a subsidiary of Wien Holding and Raiffeisenlandesbank NiederösterreichWien. Its range of ‘energy-optimising’ services extends from energy contracting via energy supply systems for newly constructed buildings and rehabilitation schemes to the planning and implementation of eco-energy projects, such as biomass, solar or geothermal installations.

Examples: Sopron University – annual savings of 600 t CO2 n Vienna Dianabad indoor swimming pool – annual savings of 350 t CO2 n Vienna’s passenger shipping port – annual savings of 150 t CO2 n

In macro-economic terms, annual CO2 savings effected with CDR projects amount to 4,178 t or EUR 1,359,000. Award: 2008: Award conferred by the Austrian Society for Environment and Technology (ÖGUT) for the Energy-Saving Contracting Project in Hungary “Balatonfüzfö Olympic Swimming Pool” Responsible company: Central Danube Region Marketing & Development GmbH

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A clear and clean mission Vienna's Main Wastewater Treatment Plant "We clean it all up" is the motto of Vienna's Main Wastewater Treatment Plant. Located in Simmering, Vienna´s 11th district in the southern part of the city, the plant receives all of Vienna’s sewage for treatment. It is one of the largest and most up-to-date facilities of its kind in Europe and attains excellent treatment results: the water quality of the River Danube is the same downstream as upstream of the city.

‹‹ Clean water is discharged from secondary sedimentation tanks ‹ Aerial view of Vienna’s Main Wastewater Treatment Plant

n Acting as a service provider for the City of Vienna, the company ebswien has been managing Vienna's Main Wastewater Treatment Plant since 1986. With more than two decades of experience and knowhow in wastewater treatment, ebswien is the leading player in the field in Austria. Ebswien also designed, financed and managed the construction of a major extension of the Simmering facility, which was carried out in the years 2000 to 2005. For the successful execution of this 220 million euro project, ebswien received the Austria Excellence Award 2006, in the category "ecological responsibility & technological innovation", from the Austrian Project Management Institute. The Main Wastewater Treatment Plant uses the most advanced technologies available to treat about 200 million cubic metres of sewage annually. It is one of the largest and most up-to-date facilities of its kind in Europe, and its excellent treatment results are an important contribution to the protection of natural bodies of water. The water of the River Danube is of the same good quality downstream as upstream of the city. The Vienna Main Wastewater Treatment Plant was the first facility of its kind in Austria that introduced an integrated manebs_01_Wastewater Treatment Plant

agement system, ensuring a permanent process of critical review and optimisation of the treatment plant's processes and output in the core areas of quality, safety and environmental impact. The managing company ebswien also uses the system to address potential future issues in a proactive manner. One example is energy efficiency: in addition to the continual optimisation of energy efficiency, ebswien has launched a project ("SternE") that studies the generation of electricity from renewable energy sources.

Research is a major priority for ebswien in its efforts to continuously improve the performance of the plant. So, ebswien collaborated with the University of Technology in Vienna in the first extensive field trial taking place at a major wastewater treatment plant to investigate the removal of micropollutants from pharmaceutical and cosmetic substances by means of ozone treatment.

Ebswien regards public information and education as an important element of its active environmental protection policy. Public relations programmes are conducted to reach all relevant target groups, from school children to the citizens of Vienna to international visitors. The main focus of campaigns and information programmes is on environmental education.

1976: Establishment of Entsorgungsbetriebe Simmering GmbH (EbS), now ebswien hauptkläranlage, as a subsidiary wholly owned by the City of Vienna 1980: Commissioning of the Vienna Main Wastewater Treatment Plant 2005: Completion of the plant extension Every day, the Main Wastewater Treatment Plant takes up the entire volume of wastewater generated in all of Vienna's households. Between 80 and 120 t of primary sludge every day

Facts & Figures

Average throughput time: 20 h Purification rates: removal of > 95% of carbon and > 70% of nitrogen content Wastewater uptake in dry weather: up to 680,000 m3 per day, during heavy rainfall up to 1,550,000 m3 per day 15 secondary sedimentation tanks hold a total volume of 13 million l 164 employees 24/7 operation all year round Certification under (validation 2007) ISO 9001 (quality management), ISO 18001 (occupational health and safety assessment), ISO 14001 (environmental management) and according to the EMAS II Regulation Recertification in 2010

Responsible company: ebswien hauptkläranlage Ges.m.b.H.

www.tinavienna.at

Sludge to Energy Vienna’s wastewater treatment plant becomes energy independent Thanks to Vienna’s modern wastewater treatment plant, the Danube River leaves the metropolis no less clean than it was when it entered the city. But wastewater treatment requires a lot of energy. That’s why the ebswien hauptkläranlage developed a comprehensive renewable energy programme, called “SternE”. A windmill towers the wastewater pools, a photovoltaic system serves on-site electricity needs, and a Kaplan turbine generates electricity from hydro power. By 2020, the plant will go fully energy-autarchic. Indeed, the future aim is to produce excess electricity through energy production from sewage gas. collection halls. In the future, a wind mill standing over 100 metres of hub height will be erected together with the neighbouring Vienna Port. Kaplan Turbine. A Kaplan turbine installed in the treatment plant’s discharge channel generates approximately 1,500,000 kWh of clean electricity annually. This amounts to the requirements of 500 Viennese households. The turbine sits at the spot where the purified waste water plummets six metres down to the Danube Canal. ‹‹ The solar plug-in at the wastewater treatment plant ‹ Wastewater Turbine

n All sewage drains lead to Vienna’s main wastewater treatment plant. This monumental, effective, and internationally acclaimed plant sits at the river Danube, at one of Vienna’s topographically lowest points. Here, 164 employees – from channel diggers to chemists – ensure that 7,000 litres of waste water per second – which is the equivalent of 35 filled bath tubs – get purified. Purification levels reach 98 to 99 per cent. However: Wastewater purification requires a lot of energy, especially for supplying oxygen to the aeration tanks, where trillions of micro-organisms purify the waste water biologically.

Biomass. EOS – named after the ancient Greek goddess of the aurora – stands for energy optimizing sludge treatment. This signature programme of Vienna’s wastewater purification plant will be realized in the course of reinvestment in the first level of the biological water purification. Silos will be erected. There, the sewage sludge putrefies and produces sewage gas, which can be used to produce energy in gaseous, electric or thermal forms electricity, or heat. The ebswien plant does not only project EOS to make the plant energy neutral by 2020 – it even predicts the production of excess energy.

In order to allow an energy-efficient and sustainable purification of the Vienna wastewater, the ebswien hauptkläranlage relies on a mix of energy-producing sources. Continuous optimization has already improved the plant’s energy efficiency. The programme towards energy neutrality is called SternE – “electricity from renewable energy sources.” The first steps taken have been to successfully produce solar, wind and water energy at the site itself. The second and largest step will be to actually produce energy from the plant’s sewage gas.

Solar Energy. Since 2009, the plant’s laboratory workers transport sludge samples on e-bicycles. Just like their colleagues in electric cars, they use an on-site solar power station to “refuel.” A 70 squaremetre photovoltaic module installed on the roof generates some 10,500 kWh annually. Furthermore, a thermic solar module generates hot water for the workers’ buildings.

ebs_02_SternE

Wind. A 23-metre high wind mill is towering the wastewater purification pool. It generates electricity for the lights in the

Besides the optimization of energy efficiency in operations, the ebswien hauptkläranlage focuses on energy from renewables. The project is called “SternE”.

Facts & Figures

From 2020 energy should be generated from sewage gas. This will mark the turnaround of the plant from a substantial consumer of electricity to a power plant producing excess electricity. Already today, a Kaplan turbine, solar systems, and a windmill provide the wastewater treatment plant with homemade electricity. The corporate fleet includes electric cars and electric bikes.

Responsible company: ebswien hauptkläranlage Ges.m.b.H.

www.tinavienna.at

Port facilities in the heart of Europe Trimodal cargo handling hub at Hafen Wien Trimodal cargo handling is the core business of Hafen Wien, the business group which runs Vienna's port facilities. These comprise three ports with superior equipment for the warehousing and handling of merchandise, containers, cars, bulk grain, construction materials and petrol products. Excellent transport connections are available for distribution via lorry, rail or ship. Hafen Wien provides specialised logistics know-how and ensures excellent customer service. In addition to its excellent location and infrastructure, Hafen Wien offers high-quality services to its customers and has earned itself a reputation as a solid and reliable partner in the national and international logistics markets.

‹‹‹ Container terminal ‹‹ Loading crane ‹ Port facilities for petrol products © Hafen Wien

n The rivers Danube, Rhine and Main form the only uninterrupted waterway linking the North Sea and the Black Sea. The port of Vienna, located approximately in the middle of this waterway, functions as an important hub for national and international goods shipments. In addition to its geographically favourable location, the port also counts on the nearby City of Vienna with its millions of inhabitants as a market which attracts buyers from as far afield as Hungary and Slovakia. At the heart of Hafen Wien is the Freudenau port with facilities for general and bulk cargo handling, a logistics centre, car terminal and what is currently the biggest container terminal on the Danube. The Albern port facilities are mainly designed for the handling of bulk grain and construction materials, while petrol products are handled in the Lobau port. About 55 per cent of all cargo handled at the three ports is transported by lorry, about 35 per cent by rail and about ten per cent by inland waterway shipping. About 70,000 square metres of covered storage space make Hafen Wien one of Austria's biggest warehousing logistics companies. A broad range of services are provided to accommodate nearly any type of Hafen_01_Cargo Handling Hub

Total cargo volume handled per year: 12 million t Total sales per year: EUR 48 million

Facts & Figures

cargo. Warehouses with high-rise racks are available for pallets of goods, and customised solutions are offered for the storage of long and heavy goods, as well as storage logistics. The new container terminal of Hafen Wien is the largest of its kind on the River Danube; each year it handles more than 335,000 TEU (Twenty-Foot Equivalent Units) of cargo, mainly from the Far East. The containers are shipped to Vienna from the major European sea ports and are then distributed from here. Moreover, Hafen Wien runs Eastern Austria's largest car terminal. Providing ample space and many years of experience in cooperating with leading car transport companies, it is an important hub for the distribution of new cars in Eastern Austria, Hungary and Slovakia. Another major field of activity of Hafen Wien is property management. More than 120 companies currently run operations from the port, benefiting from its location and excellent infrastructure. About one third of them are logistics and transport businesses. Marina Wien, a modern recreational and sports boat harbour, rounds off the activities of Hafen Wien.

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Storage area: 70,000 m² Number of employees of Hafen Wien: 245

Companies that have (re)located to the port: 120 Number of jobs: 5,000

Responsible company: Hafen Wien GmbH

www.tinavienna.at

The Gate of Vienna An immersed sliding gate protects Vienna’s port A specially designed, 200-ton heavy sliding steel gate is at the heart of the new flood protection system at Vienna’s Danube port of Freudenau. Along with the addition of a new pumping system and the refurbishment of an existing dam, the new gate completes a system designed to protect the business and storage facilities in the vicinity of the port. These comprehensive flood protection measures promise to enhance the role of Vienna’s port as a crucial European logistics and cargo hub which currently handles twelve million tonnes of cargo every year. each year, flood damages could potentially amount to several hundred million euros. Thanks to the comprehensive measures taken, however, all offices, storage facilities, and storage areas are now safe even in case of a hundred year flood. In the neighbouring Danube port of Albern, a similarly impressive sliding steel gate will be constructed for flood protection by mid-2013. ‹‹ The new port gate ‹ Chamber Lock Bay

n The new system is designed to withstand a hundred year flood occurrence – something rare but well within probability on the Danube. In this scenario, heavy rainfalls would increase the water level of the Danube from its standard depth of approximately 3.5 metres to a dramatic ten metres. Such a flood would more than triple the flow of water in the Danube through Vienna and downriver to Budapest, Belgrade and the Black Sea from its customary 4,000 to 5,000 cubic metres of water to an amount closer to 14,000 cubic metres per second. If such a flood looms, the Freudenau port staff will send its flood crew into action. The technicians will be placed on alert. Once the water is only 70 centimetres below the quayside of the port’s basin, they will close the 200-ton sliding steel gate. This new sliding gate is at the heart of the modern flood protection at Vienna’s port, a system that is also augmented by a system of three pumps and the refurbishment of an existing dam. The construction of the immersed sliding gate was a peculiar challenge for engineers from numerous fields, including specialists in foundations, steel-water Hafen_02_Sliding Gate

construction, control technology, and electrical engineering. The new gate is situated beneath the Freudenau Bridge, directly at the entrance to the port. There is a chamber lock bay fixed in the Danube’s northern bank where the gate is kept in its stand-by position when no flood event threatens. In case of a heavy flood, the gate slides on underwater tracks to the opposite, concrete-walled bank fixation on the southern bank. Closing the port gate takes 15 to 20 minutes. In a heavy flood scenario, the new pump system behind the gate would also be activated. The system can pump three cubic metres of water per second from the port basin to the river basin in order to prevent the port area from flooding. Furthermore, the 1.5-kilometre long protection dam which protects the Danube Channel from the port basin has been newly sealed, and made more flood-resistant so it can resist the pressure in case of a flood. The urgent need for a modern flood protection system has been beyond dispute since the year 2002, when a relatively light flood caused great damage in the port area of Freudenau. Because there are twelve million tonnes of cargo handled in this port

Facts & Figures

The flood protection elements of the Danube port of Freudenau were supported by the City Administration of Vienna and the Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation, and Technology. The port gate: Height of the gate approx. 13.5 m Passage Gauge approx. 27 m Weight of the Body Gate approx. 200 t

Pumping System: 3 immersion pumps Total haul capacity 3.15 m³/s The pumps help regulate the water level once the gate is closed and in case heavy rainfalls add to the flooding danger. Dam Construction: 1,500 m long dam Danube Channel backwater dam– sealed with a slotted wall Depth up to 30 m

Outlook: n Port Gate for the Albern Port, Danube River n Reclamation of Land in the Freudenau port (Reduction of the port basin by 20%; up to 70,000 m² of additional room for business and facility settlements) Responsible company: Hafen Wien GmbH

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New public management Financial affairs in Vienna How does the City of Vienna finance its activities and services? By introducing global budgeting, Vienna has taken a major step towards modernising its administrative processes. This gives the executive groups in the municipal administration greater flexibility in fulfilling their tasks and responsibilities. If the financing requirements exceed the available funds, the municipal administration can also resort to other financing options and models. oping financing models such as PPP projects or pre-financing models for infrastructure projects. When it comes to financing policy, Vienna is at the cutting edge. This cascading chain of flexibility has not just maintained, but also expanded and augmented the city administration’s freedom of action. In addition to providing services funded from the central municipal budget, the city administration owns and operates communal and municipal enterprises, an adequate combination of control and competition.

‹ State-of-the-art financial management for the whole city of Vienna

n Providing high-quality communal services is the core mission of the Vienna city administration. Guaranteeing a service offering that meets all of these requirements calls for prudent budgetary management – especially in view of tightening resources. The main responsibility for this area of municipal activity rests with Municipal Department for Financial Affairs (MA 5). With due consideration of external constraints, such as the surplus to be generated each year under the Austrian Stability Pact and the Euro convergence criteria, MA 5 is in charge of preparing draft budgets, monitoring budget execution, ensuring strategic financial and budget controlling as well as compiling the financial statements. Asset management is another key responsibility of the financial affairs department, which includes planning, optimisation and handling of incoming and outgoing payments, organisational matters (such as banking partners, clearing, or electronic banking) and optimising interest exposure. In 2002, the introduction of global budgeting marked a major step along Vienna’s path towards modernising public administration processes, which is based on the MA05_01_Financial Affairs

principles of new public management. Vienna has since become a pioneer and role model in modern budgetary management for all of Austria. Separate budgets were introduced for each executive group in the municipal administration and nonnegotiable spending limits imposed. Each executive group can set its own priorities within these limits. This new development towards an output and outcome oriented service organisation went hand in hand with the use of microeconomic instruments such as results accounting, controlling, reporting, internal activity accounting, and contract management. To finance the budget and manage debt servicing, MA 5 evaluates and, given the terms and conditions are favourable, draws on financing offers on the international capital markets or through the Austrian Federal Financing Agency, which is also authorised to raise funds on behalf of the federal provinces. The department closely observes the financial markets, analysing, and sometimes also implementing, innovative financing options such as leveraging differences in interest rates, taking out loans to cover short-term liquidity needs, devel-

Statements 2010

Facts & Figures

Revenues Expenditures (in € million) (in € million) n

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Representative bodies and general administration 1,398.9 2,238.3 Law enforcement 10.3 153.2 Education, sports, and science 829,8 1.775,0 Art, culture and religious affairs 18,7 288,4 Social welfare and housing 483,3 2.157,0 Health 35,9 1.132,6 Roads and hydrological engineering, traffic and transportation 45,3 997,1 Business development 57,4 177,0 Services 1.346,7 2.356,5 Financial management 7.656,3 602,7

n Sum 11.882,6 11.877,8 Balancing of annual accounts and settlement of previous years 4,8

Sum total

11.882,6

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Financial Affairs (MA 5)

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Green IT in Vienna Data centre of the City of Vienna The data centre is the heart of the city administration’s IT infrastructure. The forthcoming move of the data centre to a newly erected building at a new location constitutes an opportunity to reorganise and update an operational architecture that has grown over time and to implement high-quality, ecological solutions. The focus is on issues such as adequate power supply, cooling, sustainable use of energy resources, scalability, and availability – factors that are also important in ensuring the quality and reliability of IT solutions in the future. ‹ One of the main tasks of MA 14 is server maintenance and support

Staff members: 470 Providing IT support to: 140 departments with a total of 35,000 employees

Hardware support: 1 mainframe, approx. 1,100 server systems n 21,000 PCs in the municipal administration n 11,000 printers in the municipal administration n 13,200 PCs and 4,200 printers in Vienna’s schools n

n Vienna’s administration uses some1,100 servers to make the municipal data and information infrastructure available to about 35,000 staff members on a daily basis. In order to achieve this, the Municipal Department for Automated Data Processing, Information and Communications Technologies (MA 14), has been operating its own data centre for years, ensuring longterm top-level quality when it comes to data protection and data security, and providing a high level of data integrity and data availability rates of nearly 100 per cent. The new data centre design, which is based on a two-site topology, will permit a redundant server infrastructure, while the high-performance data lines arranged in a double-star network configuration enable high data transmission rates and excellent performance. Over the past 20 years, IT hardware has become ever smaller and more powerful, but with one drawback: it is also giving off more and more heat. The amount of energy needed to run and cool the server hardware has roughly doubled in the past ten years, and the data centre has now almost reached its limits. This is why the City of Vienna decided to build a new, state-ofthe-art data centre housing high-quality infrastructure with an adequate HVAC, a reliable emergency power supply and ample room for expansion. The new data MA14_01_Data Centre

centre has been designed for power consumption in a range of 1.1 to four megawatts. The fact that all computer server operations will then be centralised in the new building will ensure a more efficient use of the server infrastructure. The move will replace the current widely distributed data centre architecture with a consolidated and homogenous facility which will permit IT resources to be standardised and also enable the use of virtual servers. The move is scheduled to take the form of what is called soft migration, involving several stages which enable live operations to be kept up and running at all times. Once this process is completed, the sites no longer used will be closed down. In addition to the well-established free cooling system (which takes advantage of the lower ambient air temperature), further energy-saving measures, such as cold aisle or hot aisle containment systems, will be implemented to cool the approximately 1,100 server systems. Moreover, the waste heat produced by the servers and the “reserve cooling capacity” will also be adjusted to the requirements of, and will be used by, the office building located above. These green IT measures not only demonstrate environmental thinking, but also help to cut operating costs.

Facts & Figures

Telecommunications support: 24,000 extensions in an overall telephone system n More than 10,000 mobile phones in the municipal administration n

New data centre: Two floors with a floor space of 1,700 m² each n Net server footprint: 800 m² n Expected useful life: 20-25 years n Planning horizon: 10 years n Total energy consumption: 1.1 MW (4 MW at full capacity) n Data centre infrastructure quality: between tier 3 and tier 4 n Data centre with two-site topology and double-star network configuration n Timeframe for planning: 1-2 years n Timeframe for implementation: 1-2 years n

Partner: Municipal Department for Building and Facility Management (MA 34) Responsible department: Municipal Department for Automated Data Processing, Information and Communications Technologies (MA 14)

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Geospatial information online ViennaGIS, Vienna's Geographical Information System It was as early as 1995 that the City of Vienna published its first GIS application on the Internet – a map of Vienna. The Geographical Information System (GIS) has been continually updated with new geospatial data and services ever since. ViennaGIS makes Vienna’s geodata available to the public on the Internet and – enriched with more detailed information – to the municipal administration on their intranet. In Austria, ViennaGIS is interlinked with the Geoland.at web portal, a geodata site operated jointly by all nine Austrian provinces, and within the EU it is a part of the European spatial data infrastructure framework established under the INSPIRE Directive. payment service, credit or ATM cards, and online bank transfer. To ensure that the GIS does not remain regionally limited, Austria’s nine federal provinces implemented a joint geodata portal in 2004, which merges the geospatial data recorded in the provinces via standardised interfaces to produce an overall digital map of Austria. Examples of GIS data use: ‹‹ Land-use and zoning map ‹ Vienna city map © Vienna GIS

n Since 2009, all Member States of the European Union have been under the obligation to operate a spatial data infrastructure. The City of Vienna data centre started to set up a geographical information system (GIS) as early as the 1980s, launching the city’s internal geodata system, ViennaGIS. The purpose of ViennaGIS is to supply geospatial data for administrative processes and public service procedures within the Vienna city administration, and – in a further step – make this data available for administrative, business, research and educational purposes as well as to the general public. ViennaGIS comprises a vast pool of geospatial data which is managed locally by the various relevant departments. The data can be retrieved centrally through a geodata infrastructure provided by ViennaGIS, which also supplies tools for processing, visualising and analysing the data. With about 100,000 visits per day, ViennaGIS is an important platform for geographical information on the wien.at website. ViennaGIS also offers attractive rates for the commercial exploitation of this data. In addition to a digital map of the city MA14_02_ViennaGIS

and an orthophoto representation, other geospatial topics covered by dedicated applications are: n Urban planning, e.g. register of building lots, land-use and zoning map n Traffic, e.g. parking space exchange, overview of major construction work n Culture, e.g. historical and cultural information n Other GIS services, e.g. environmental information Since May 2011, the City of Vienna has been providing ViennaGIS geodata as part of its Open Government Data platform. The data are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 3.0 AT) licence. In line with the OGD principle of machine readability, the geodata contained in the City of Vienna’s databases can be directly accessed online via web services. The OGD services are expanded on an ongoing basis. If you want to purchase a ViennaGIS product, you can download it online from the ViennaGIS Geoshop 24/7. In addition to commercial-quality geospatial data, which is for sale, the electronic Geoshop also offers plans and maps free of charge. Payment options include the City of Vienna

n n n

ViennaGIS geodata infrastructure for 300 GIS power users, 35,000 intranet users, and public Internet use User-friendly, accessibilitycompliant web applications Platform-independent web technology based on worldwide standards (ISO, OGC) Service-oriented architecture User administration Joint geodata system (central administration, local management and updates) Some 2 million pre-generated raster tiles (basic map, orthophoto, and labelling) GIS software: proprietary Windows desktop software, open source, and proprietary developments Running costs: more than EUR 1 million/year Internet visits: more than 3 million/ month

Facts & Figures

Awards: 2002: ESRI GIS Award 2005: Geoland – Public Manager Award (Amtsmanageraward) 2006: Geoland – Administration Award 2007: Austrian provinces geodata system: Federalism Award Responsible department: Municipal Department for Automated Data Processing, Information and Communications Technologies (MA 14)

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STEP 05 – Vienna’s urban development plan Charting the course for the city’s journey into the future Urban development and planning is a bit like an orienteering course – the goals and stages are clearly defined, but there are many ways to get there. Conventional urban development plans are reaching their limits. Visions of a city’s future quickly become outdated due to unexpected global or regional developments. This does not apply to Vienna’s urban development plan though. Called STEP 05 for short, it provides mostly orientation, pointing the way, but leaving sufficient freedom for individual planning decisions. STEP 05 is more about offering decisionmaking support than optimal solutions. It stipulates general rules, such as requirements that have to be met for a certain area to be used for a certain purpose, and defines 13 project target areas.

The spatial planning vision in urban development offers an outlook on Vienna’s future, giving an outline of where development will be possible, what level of building density can be achieved and which green spaces are to be preserved. This makes it easier to assign priorities in developing existing land for building. The business planning vision provides orientation for the development of a prospering business environment where large international companies as much as a multitude of small and micro-enterprises in the trade, service, and retail sectors MA18_01_Urban Development Plan

have an important role to play. All of these businesses have different needs and requirements which they want the city as their place of business to fulfil. STEP 05 describes adequate measures for meeting these demands.

‹ STEP 05: Spatial business planning vision catering to large and small enterprises alike © PlanSinn

Vienna is rightly called a "green city" – green spaces and non-built-up areas constitute about half of the city’s territory. This includes woodland, meadows, agricultural areas as well as gardens and parks. The green space planning vision defines where and how Vienna’s ‘green assets’ are to be preserved at the current high standard. Vienna lies in the heart of Europe, and it is now more than ever a top priority to develop successful partnerships in the region. The regional planning vision links up Vienna’s development with that of its environs.

13 target areas: n City n Inner City New Central Railway Station – Erdberger Mais n U2 Donaustadt / Aspern n Floridsdorf –Brünner Straße n Siemens-Allissen n Donaufeld n Waterfront n Rothneusiedl n River Wien Valley n Westgürtel n Danube canal n Prater – Krieau – Stadion n Liesing Central n

Focus on 13 target areas Vienna has set priorities: 13 target areas for urban development have been designated where there are either special problems to be coped with or where special opportunities for development present themselves. Target area selection is based on functional criteria, irrespective of polit-

n n n

Facts & Figures

n True to its motto – ‘Think European – act regionally – develop Vienna’, STEP 05 describes scenarios for an attractive place to live and do business in. STEP 05 provides the instruments needed to strengthen and augment Vienna’s role in an international context while further improving the city’s already high quality of living. Particularly in a growing city such as Vienna, urban development is the result of how different interests and different land uses are balanced and coordinated and how various processes are defined on a day-to-day basis. STEP 05 supplies a framework for all of these activities.

ical or topographic boundaries. That is why you will find the historical inner city or new green-field developments such as "aspern Vienna's Urban Lakeside" among the target areas as much as waterfront areas or former large railway station sites. Development is based on a shared interdisciplinary standard with a participatory approach. STEP 05 provides the goals, while all the relevant stakeholders in the target areas are involved in their concrete implementation, forming a participatory platform where visions, programs and measures are developed specifically for each area. Overall coordination and technical support are provided by an interdisciplinary team specifically constituted for each area and made up of city administration staff and external experts.

Preparation time: 2 years Experts involved in preparation: approx. 650 "STEP 05 dialog" events: 50 Timeframe: 10 years Progress report: after 5 years

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Urban Development and Planning (MA 18)

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Smart travel in Vienna 2003 Transport Master Plan The Transport Master Plan is the City of Vienna’s strategic transport concept, setting clear transport policy priorities while also leaving room for local, regional and global developments. It is open to the “New Europe” and identifies Vienna as a business location of the future. Managing and handling long-range transport and traffic flows, without adversely affecting the quality of life of the Viennese, are further priorities. The current aim is the broad implementation of the 2003 Transport Master Plan for Vienna over the next 20 years: since why, how and when people and goods move around the city are parameters which change constantly. transport, stationary traffic, navigation, air traffic, mobility management and awareness raising. Quality assurance A concept for evaluation was developed in parallel with the Transport Master Plan. The evaluation is carried out every five years. Objectives are checked against key criteria using quantifiable, measurable targets (yardstick of performance with reference year). Collection and publication of the data is obligatory (e.g. increase in the percentage of public transport to 40 per cent by 2020).

Effectiveness: Mobility which preserves resources requires a high degree of conceptual imagination at the organisational stage (e.g. car sharing, reduction in unladen HGV journeys) and the inclusion of external costs (environmental impact costs).

n n n

Transport Policy Model The Transport Policy Model focuses on the principles of sustainability, effectiveness, acceptance, cooperation and innovation. It aims at enabling mobility in the city without adversely affecting the quality of life. All this is known as: “Intelligent mobility – smart travel”. Sustainability: Traffic Congestion Avoidance and Modal Shift are the principal objectives which are to be achieved by modifying behaviour: n Reduce private vehicle use to 25 per cent of all journeys n Increase cycle traffic to eight per cent n Increase public transport use to 40 per cent n Change modal split in transport extending beyond the city boundaries between public and private motor transport, which currently stands at 35/45 per cent, to 65 /55 per cent respectively. MA18_02_Transport Master Plan

Acceptance: Intelligent Mobility requires permanent dialogue based on trust between all concerned in order to raise awareness leading to a change in behaviour.

Start: 2003 Timeframe: 20 years Evaluation: every 5 years Partners for achievement of objectives: neighbouring authorities, regional authorities, transport service operators, northern and eastern neighbouring countries

Facts & Figures

n The Transport Master Plan was developed within a cooperative consulting process, with the active participation of several departments both within and outside Vienna City Administration. Local citizens were also involved in an involvement and information process.

The Transport Master Plan provides a framework for ‹‹ both private motor transport ‹ and public transport

Cooperation: The City of Vienna involves partners at an early stage of projects in order to avoid conflicts of interest and thus improve the quality of planning. Innovation: All these objectives can only be achieved through innovation in the area of procedures, organisation, operation, infrastructure and technology. These are promoted and/or developed by the City of Vienna. Building on the policy model, actions and strategies have been developed in the area of mobility, traffic safety, road networks and public space, pedestrian traffic, cycle traffic, public transport, private motor

Modal split in the City of Vienna in 2010: Private motor transport share (as passenger and as driver): 31% Public transport mode share: 36% Cycling share: 5% Pedestrian share: 28%

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Urban Development and Planning (MA 18)

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Underground railway and tram: the power duo Quality of the public transport service in Vienna "I’ll take the tram," is something you hear more and more in Vienna. The trams, nicknamed "Bim", are making a comeback and have recently experienced the strongest growth in passenger numbers of all public means of transport available in the city. Trams are convenient and a perfect complement to the underground system. They make newly developed neighbourhoods accessible and are a familiar sight in Vienna's urban landscape. If the underground lines provide the backbone of mass transit, the trams and buses are the muscles and nerves of this organism called "the public transport system". Public Transport Authority. A data base and computer-assisted modelling are used in network planning processes. Computer modelling allows forecasts to be made about the impact of public transport on the city, which are in integrated into overall traffic and transport policy plans.

‹‹ Underground line U1 near Vienna International Centre ‹ Ultra low floor tram ULF

n The 2003 Transport Master Plan defines the extension and further development of local public passenger transport as a key priority of transport and traffic policy. Transport policy focuses on extending not only the underground network, but also the tram and bus lines. The public transport system of the City of Vienna comprises underground rail, tram and bus lines. Extensions of the underground railway system are currently under construction, 2010, the underground system has grown to a total length of some 75 kilometres of “U-Bahn”, linking approximately 100 stations. Further development is a priority in areas with high potential for urban growth and on those lines where an extension would further improve the modal split. Trams, too, have grown in importance over the last three years, as they – in combination with the underground network – contribute to the increasing number of journeys being made by public transport. Trams are particularly valuable in those city areas that are not served by underground railway or local commuter trains. The tram system is regarded as a high-performance transport mode that holds great potential MA18_03_Public Transport

for the further extension and optimisation of the public transport system. In addition to network extension, public passenger transport policy also aims at improving convenience and usability for passengers. Bus lanes and tram tracks that are separated from the flow of traffic as well as appropriate traffic light controls ensure that buses and trams have right of way and do not get held up in congested streets. The IT-supported operations control system helps to increase travelling speed and ensures adequate frequency of service during rush hours. Other significant quality improvements are: barrier-free construction (lifts in the stations, tactile orientation systems, gender-sensitive design of access passages and similar features), attractive design of stations and stops (lighting, weather protection, seats) and state-of-the art rolling stock (ultra low floor trams and buses). While new routes are planned and project variants for extensions selected by Municipal Department for Urban Development and Planning (MA 18), the public transport network is designed, built, operated and maintained by Wiener Linien, the Vienna

The total length of Vienna's network of underground lines is 74,5 km at present. U1: 14.6 km U2: 12.5 km (a 3.0 km extension is currently under construction) U3: 13.5 km U4: 16.4 km U6: 17.5 km

Facts & Figures

By 2013, two new tangential tram lines (lines number 25 and 26) will connect 2 underground lines and provide access to a newly developed neighbourhood (aspern Seestadt). Number of trips made by public transport in Vienna in 2010: 838.7 million. Entrance level of ULF (ultra low floor) trams: 19 cm

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Urban Development and Planning (MA 18)

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A fair share of parking spaces Parking in Vienna The paid short-term parking zones scheme introduced in Vienna on a step-by-step basis since 1974 has helped reduce private motor traffic in inner-city districts. The number of motorists looking for parking spaces has decreased accordingly, with a corresponding improvement in the overall parking situation. The measures taken in this field – parking space management, parking garage programmes and park&ride schemes – contribute to greater flexibility in the planning and usage of public traffic areas.

(double parking, parking on crossroads areas, on pedestrian crossings and pavements) based on improved monitoring and enforcement a distinctly lower percentage of vehicles with non-Viennese license plates in innercity districts

‹ Enforcement staff monitoring parking in short-term parking zones © MA 67

What is more, parking space management also promotes public transport, pedestrian and cyclist traffic as well as parking garage building programmes by specifically earmarking the amounts collected in parking fees for these purposes. In Vienna’s paid short-term parking zones, prepaid parking vouchers are used to pay the relevant parking fees. Such vouchers are available for periods of 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes and cost between EUR 0.60 to EUR 2.40. Free-of-charge 10-minute parking vouchers are available as well. A pay-by-phone system was introduced in October 2003, allowing users to pay for parking time via text message. Garage building programme: Permanent parking spaces are being moved from the streets to garages and private parking spaces in an effort to improve MA18_04_Parking

the quality of life in high-density residential areas. To achieve this, the City of Vienna requires applications for building or conversion permits to include provision of adequate parking spaces, while also encouraging the building of parking garages. Under this programme, 160 commercially operated garages with some 50,000 parking spaces have been built in Vienna so far. So-called ‘community garages’, which offer particularly favourable rates, help implement the principle of low-cost parking for residents. Park&Ride: About 9,313 P&R spaces are available in Vienna. All in all, the activities undertaken in the field of parking in Vienna have resulted in n a reduction of air and noise pollution and thus in improved quality of life for residents n the installation of a dynamically controlled garage signage system providing information about free capacities n significantly shorter time spent looking for parking spaces n a major improvement in the parking situation n a marked decline in parking offences

Facts & Figures

n Parking space management is a useful tool for influencing motor traffic right at the source. Prohibiting permanent parking for ‘non-residents’, in particular commuters, increases the availability of parking spaces for residents, businesses and business customers, while at the same time reducing traffic resulting from motorists searching for parking spaces.

Parking space management: n Vienna’s parking space management system covers an area with 450,000 inhabitants, 120,000 onstreet parking spaces and 400,000 workplaces. n Maximum parking time: 2 hours n Fees for short-term parking: 10 minutes free of charge, 30 minutes EUR 0.60, 60 minutes EUR 1.30, 90 minutes EUR 1.80, 120 minutes EUR 2.40. n Flat-rate parking fee for residents: max. EUR 192 for 1 year, max. EUR 327 for 2 years n Short-term parking hours: in innercity districts on business days (Monday to Friday) from 9 a.m. to 10 p.m., and in the 15th district in the area surrounding the ‘Stadthalle’ event venue on a daily basis from 6 p.m. to 11 p.m. (except in July and August). n The revenues from parking space management are earmarked for public transport, pedestrian and cyclist traffic programmes, and garage building schemes.

Garage funding programme: Basis: Vienna’s special programme for garage building, 2007 n Funding: interest-free loans n Loan life: max. 40 years n Funding per parking space: max. EUR 21,800 n

Park&Ride: n Approx. 9,313 P&R spaces are available Responsible department: Municipal Department for Urban Development and Urban Planning (MA 18)

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sALTo Growing older with dignity and independence in your local neighbourhood The ‘sALTo’ project looked into new political and social approaches towards how individuals and society as a whole can cope with ageing. The frame of reference for the project was the local neighbourhood. Two neighbourhoods in Vienna were chosen as the setting for cooperation between local stakeholders whose aim was to develop, implement and evaluate exemplary measures to address issues of demographic change at the community level. n

‘Telephone chain’ – at defined intervals, the participants call one another in an agreed order, asking the other parties how they are and what plans they have for the day. ‘Generation bench’ – benches along the streets for people to sit down and rest or put down their shopping bags make it easier for older or less mobile persons to remain mobile and independent.

In late 2007, the sALTo project was awarded an EPSA diploma from the Bertelsmann foundation in recognition of its efforts to modernise administrative structures.

‹‹ sALTO flower-planting day ‹ Inspecting the neighbourhood to identify mobility barriers

n Within the framework of the WHO Healthy Cities programme, Vienna opted for the ‘Healthy Ageing’ topic, initiating several projects in 2006. One of them is ‘sALTo’, a project focusing on what framework is needed for people to be able to live independently in their local neighbourhoods as long as possible and what services should be available to ensure a high quality of life for them as they grow older. An interdisciplinary approach was required to address all these issues. This was reflected both on the client side – the Municipal Departments for Urban Planning and Health – and on the contractor side - a planning and communication firm and a team of social and health management experts. The project was based in two very different neighbourhoods in Vienna where new ways of coping with ageing were tried out from both an individual and a communal perspective. MA18_05_sALTo

The innovative sALTo concept included developing two tools used for surveying and analysis purposes: n Vitalbilanz (life balance): A map of the neighbourhood shows what services and activities are offered in fields such as exercise, nutrition, mental fitness, etc. n Gender network: The purpose of this network is to visualise the effects of measures on different target groups, making it easier to assess and discuss measures and their potential effects. Working groups were established in which inhabitants, local politicians and representatives of local institutions and administrative bodies came together to develop ideas for what steps to take and to form cooperative teams to implement them. Here are a few examples of sALTo measures taken in these two neighbourhoods: n sALTo postcards featuring ‘100 reasons to get out and about.

Project timeframe: November 2006 to May 2008

Facts & Figures

Awards: EPSA diploma from the Bertelsmann foundation in recognition of efforts to modernise administrative structures. n Good Practice UN HABITAT Dubai Award 2008 n Commendation in the category ‘Focus on citizen relations in public administration’, Österreichischer Verwaltungspreis (Austrian Administration Award) 2008 n

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Urban Development and Planning (MA 18)

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How geodata can help shape the future GIS applications in urban planning A geographical information system, or GIS for short, is able to turn figures into pictorial representations of the cityscape. This is hard to believe given the sheer amount of data needed to come up with maps and relevant information as well as new insights. The GIS technology is pivotal when it comes to taking methodical steps forward in urban planning activities and has hence become a key decision support tool. gories to be mapped that are not visible in simple aerial photography, but highly relevant for urban planning. The result is adequate hierarchical classification. This type of actual land use mapping is unmatched in Austria, and the relevant expertise is in high demand from other municipalities. ‹‹ Underground station access planning based on GIS data ‹ GIS applications facilitate urban development © MA 18

The data used in GIS applications originates in different departments and covers different topics. In the GIS, all of this data is merged and correlated in order to form the basis for further analysis. It is often also possible to include data from other fields, such as statistically aggregated data from the citizens’ registration office, and display them in parallel. Project: Underground transport planning The aim of the project is to define the exact location for an underground station entrance. The GIS team of the Municipal Department for Urban Development and Planning (MA 18) has developed a new method to provide decision-making supMA18_06_GIS

port. The primary objective is to find a location for underground station access that allows as many citizens as possible living in the neighbourhood to reach the station along the shortest possible route. The challenge for the planners now lies in the fact that data on the number of inhabitants is only available on a block-by-block basis, but not for each individual building. Given the size of street blocks, however, it is important to calculate the distance to the underground station from each individual building. The solution is to break down the statistical data in proportion to cubage and in line with actual land use, which permits building representation to be simplified from areal to point representation. Then it is possible to measure the exact distance from any given address to the station entrance along the existing systems of streets and footpaths. This form of data analysis is being applied for the first time in underground transport system planning. Project: Actual land use mapping Information about actual land use is of crucial importance for urban planning. Technical progress has allowed orthophotos to be supplemented with statistical data since 2007, permitting land use cate-

Facts & Figures

n The importance of geographic information science for urban planning activities is growing all the time. Applying geoinformatics helps disseminate the latest research findings, and GIS-based methods always bring added value to analytical processes. This approach allows complex data to be simplified and presented graphically, making it easier – and often constituting the first basic step – for several people to work together on the same project. What is more, GIS-based urban development helps cut the number of on-site measurement and data capture missions.

Building density in Vienna: n All of Vienna‘s 8 most densely built-up districts are inner districts, located within the Gürtel ring road. n The 3 high-end districts in the west, Penzing, Hietzing and Döbling, and the 2 districts across the Danube, Floridsdorf and Donaustadt, have the lowest building density. n The average net floor area ratio (NFAR) in Vienna’s built-up area is 1.2.

Cubage: The largest cubic capacity is found in the 22nd district (53 million m3). n The lowest cubage is found in 2 of Vienna’s most densely-built up districts, districts 6 and 8 (approx. 10 million m3). n

Building height: n The district featuring the highest buildings is Vienna’s first district (Innere Stadt), with an average building height of 23.3 metres. Vienna – total: n 13% of Vienna’s urban area is built up. This is equivalent to 53 km2 or a builtup area covering all inner districts and districts 12 and 20. n Currently, Vienna has an above-ground gross floor area of approx. 161 million m3 and a cubage of 573 million m3. Responsible department: Municipal Department for Urban Development and Planning (MA 18)

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smart city Wien The City of Tomorrow Cities will be best placed to tackle global energy and climate problems in a practical and efficient way. That’s why Vienna’s administration has rolled out a multi-annual and interdisciplinary framework programme called “smart city Wien”. Key stakeholders convene regularly to craft long-term strategies in energy and climate questions. A crucial element of the programme will be a principal document on the energy future of Vienna until the year 2050 (“Smart Energy Vision 2050”). living and the environment in the city, to help boost Vienna's attractiveness for research and investment, and to enhance the city's prosperity. Any future plans take into account that Vienna is expected to remain on its path of demographic growth, with the two-million citizen mark to be reached soon. ‹‹ “smart city Wien” Stakeholder Forum ‹ Project Partners smart city Wien © MA 18

n The City of Vienna has been pioneering solutions in ecology and quality of life. Now, the City wants to take its wealth of experience to a next level by embarking on a process of transformation towards the status of a “smart city”. The idea is for Vienna to take an active role in European research and technology development. In a first phase, a steering platform called “smart city Wien” has been incepted of the Mayor of Vienna. The participants are experts from within and outside Vienna’s urban administration. In a stakeholdermanaged process, they convene in working groups to formulate recommendations on Vienna’s future contributions and foci in the fields of demography, ecology, administration, economy, energy, and mobility. The first phase has been centering on an inventory exercise of existing capacities, programmes, projects and advantages. The platform aims to make use of Vienna’s earned strengths and to enhance, intensify, and internationalize them. For instance, the City of Vienna has already built a strong reputation in the fields of construction and mobility, and specifically in the area of renewables and energy efficiency. Furthermore, Vienna has been pioneering solutions in mobility infrastructure. MA18_07_smart city Wien

Several existing cross-cutting programmes inside the urban administration have thus proven to be helpful points of departure for the „smart city Wien“ process. These programmes include, but are not limited to, the Climate Protection Programme (KLIP), the Energy Efficiency Programme (SEP), the Urban Development Plan (STEP) and the Guidelines for Sustainable Construction Site Management (RUMBA). A further aspect are climate- and energy programmes such as the Strategic Energy Technology (SET) plan of the EU as supporting programme for European advanced technology. In a second phase, “smart city Wien” will produce several stakeholder-supported guiding documents for the coming years and decades. They include a “Smart Energy Vision 2050”, a “Roadmap for 2020 and beyond”, and an “Action Plan for 20122015”. The rationale behind the elaboration of these three guiding documents is that smart city Wien can and is to provide important input for strategic decisions of the City of Vienna at the political and administrative levels. Hence, “smart city Wien” is seen to enhance Vienna's role in Europe, to help maintain and improve the high quality of

“smart city Wien”devises input for the long-term strategies of the City of Vienna in the areas of energy- and climate friendliness. The City does this by connecting, analyzing, and ultimately enhancing existing capacities and programmes. The participating institutional and organizational representatives come from the City of Vienna’s institutions (Municipal Department 18 for Urban Development and Planning, Municipal Department 20 for Energy Planning, public utility company - Wiener Stadtwerke Holding AG) and from leading research- and industry bodies, such as the Austrian Institute of Technology, Siemens Austria, Vienna’s Technical University and the Energy Institute for Business.

Facts & Figures

TINA VIENNA’s role is to support the smart city Wien project coordination task of the MA 18.

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Urban Development and Planing (MA 18)

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Viennese cultural assets Old town conservation – the Vienna Protection Zone Model Within the protection zones, buildings characteristic of the cityscape and forming ensembles dating from all epochs – including the Gründerzeit, the late 19th century – can be protected from demolition or alteration. For this purpose, a major portion of the Viennese housing stock has been inventoried by the Municipal Department for Architecture and Urban Design (MA 19) and the condition of buildings evaluated allowing a distinction to be made deeming them either worthy of conservation or not worthy of conservation. However, such distinction of buildings has no legally binding effect and is just an initial appraisal of the housing stock, which remains open to discussion. Parts of the inventorisation results were integrated into Wien Kulturgut, the City of Vienna’s land register of cultural assets, where they are available for public viewing. Provincial governments are responsible for the protection zones, which are incorporated in the respective provincial building codes. Subsidies within the protection zones are provided by the Viennese Old Town Conservation Fund. The City of Vienna’s sustainable and considerate care in preserving the old historic centre and its architectural heritage led to the city centre being designated a UNESCO world heritage site in 2001.

‹‹ Vienna Opera House ‹ Vienna's land register of cultural assets shows the building typology

n In 1972, the Old Town Conservation Amendment was passed, enabling the City of Vienna to designate protection zones, independently of monument protection which is beyond the city’s scope of jurisdiction. In the 1990s, the Viennese Protection Zone Model was introduced to deal with protection zones, leading to improvements in basic data organisation, evaluation and analysis of buildings and providing both for the assessment of existing protection zones and the designation of new zones. The Protection Zone Model is broken down into several work packages. The first step included a comprehensive digital acquisition of literature data concerning the housing stock. The second step included what is known as rapid inventorisation, which included the inventorisation and evaluation of approximately 60,000 of the city’s buildings in selected areas of the Vienna metropolitan area. The third step, known as basic inventorisation, consists of extended data collection from the building files for buildings in protection zones and inspection of the property. MA19_01_Old Town Conservation

The data collected through inventorisation was entered into a GIS database. In order to make parts of the information available to the public, these were integrated into Wien Kulturgut, the City of Vienna’s online land register of cultural assets. Queries may be made regarding protection zones in Vienna and selected information on individual buildings (location information, building data, state of conservation, photographs).

Vienna’s housing stock (according to the City of Vienna’s Statistical Yearbook): 168,693 Buildings in protection zones: 24,642 Total protection zones: 135 (as of 2010) Minimum number of buildings required for designation as protection zone: 3 The first protection zone was identified in parts of the city centre in 1973.

Facts & Figures

Furthermore, the building evaluations made under the Protection Zone Model form an important basis for decision-making by urban planners. In addition to architectural information, the land register of cultural assets also provides information on five other areas, some of which can also be represented as maps. The subjects are: works of art in public spaces, city history, city archaeology, art collection MUSA – Museum on Demand and a collection of links to museums/collections/theatres.

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Architecture and Urban Design (MA 19)

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Building on progress Raising awareness for high-quality, contemporary, modern architecture In signing the 2005 Architecture Declaration, the City of Vienna demonstrated its commitment to high-quality, contemporary architecture. As part of its ongoing commitment, the city promotes Viennese architecture through international exhibitions and favours contemporary architecture in the construction of pulic buildings. Europewide competitions and top-class juries guarantee that the projects presented are of the highest quality. young architects have been selected and publicised with an international touring exhibition. Through this exhibition the City of Vienna also comes into contact and embarks on a discourse with other cities on the issue of architecture and urban planning. ‹‹ 9th Viennese municipal district: Servitengasse 4 ‹ 17th Viennese municipal district: Ligusterweg 602 © MA 19

n In 2005, the City of Vienna made a commitment to high-quality, modern and contemporary architecture: the Architecture Declaration. The paper expresses the city’s principles of quality planning and building, transparency of policy models, objectives and procedures, as well as Vienna’s readiness for discourse. Awareness for high-quality, contemporary and modern architecture can be seen in a variety of areas: n

School buildings as an example of public building planning: School buildings are designed in line with an educational approach that encourages students to identify with the building. As regards quality assurance, tendering procedures are in place for the renovation of large projects and competitions are held for the design of new buildings. Competitions are open, and submissions are invited Europe-wide and judged by a topclass jury. Design of public space: The design and renewal of public space has a great impact on the wellbeing of the citizens who use or live in it. An example of this effect is the new paving of Kärntnerstraße, an inner city pedestrian shopping street, whose attractive design forms a new public space.

MA19_02_Modern Architecture

Architectural assessment: Every project to be built or altered in Vienna must comply with the city’s appearance requirements pursuant to the Vienna Building Code. The Section of Architectural Assessment provides principals with information and advice and allows for design options despite the tight statutory corset under the Vienna Building Code. Exhibitions: Projects implemented in the City of Vienna are showcased in exhibitions in Austria and abroad – for example in the exhibitions “Draufsetzen”, add on top (2003) displaying roof-top development, and “Reinsetzen”, put inside (2008) – featuring examples of integration of blocks of buildings and empty building lots in the historical cityscape. “gebaut” architecture exhibition and award: In addition, the annual exhibition “gebaut ....” presents the projects that were completed in Vienna in the previous year. These buildings are published and displayed on the Internet. The architects of the projects receive a “Schorsch” award. The YO.V.A Young Viennese Architects project was launched to promote young architects. Since 2005, 10 to 12 teams of

Key year 2005: issuing of the Vienna Architecture Declaration; launch of the YO.V.A project and of the exhibition series “gebaut 200x” (built in 200x), then “built in 2005”. Vienna Building Code: The Vienna Building Code is a comprehensive provincial law governing matters concerning urban planning, land use and the whole building sector (building engineering, planning permission applications, etc.).

Facts & Figures

Previous YO.V.A exhibition locations: Vienna, Linz, Graz, Salzburg, Dornbirn, Spittal/Drau, Munich, Berlin, Stuttgart, Brno, Bratislava, Zagreb, Belgrade, Prague, Ljubljana

Partners: Municipal Department for Urban Development and Planning (MA 18), Municipal Department for District Planning and Land Use Central West (MA 21A), Municipal Department for District Planning and Land Use South and Northeast (MA 21B) , Federal Monuments Office (Bundesdenkmalamt), District Services (Gebietsbetreuungen) (organisation of exhibitions), universities (participation of MA 19 staff in classes) Responsible department: Municipal Department for Architecture and Urban Design (MA 19)

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Vibrant – not just beautiful The use of public space What is needed to fill public spaces with life are people wishing to make them their own. Vienna has come up with clear-cut guidelines on how to design urban space and to render it economically and socially “functional”. Involving the residents of Vienna during the planning stage is one of the key principles, since it stands to reason that public space designed to meet the diverse needs of its users will gain lasting acceptance. placed special emphasis on the public space as a place for recreation, leisure activities, communication and shopping. Its successor, “50 sites plus” (50-Orte-Plus) continues the programme after 2010. The study series on the "re-interpretation of public space" for Vienna’s densely builtup urban area provides a long-term development plan for the public spaces of the individual districts together with networks of places, sites and routes.

Work of the Municipal Department for Architecture and Urban Design (MA 19) centres on designing and furnishing public spaces with the emphasis on combining function with cost-efficiency. In the mission statement a number of sub-topics are set out under the heading of design and furnishing: n Design as a learning system: Satisfactory response to user interests is the benchmark for design. With this in mind, social space analyses relating to potential future users and target groups are carried out in the run-up to specific planning. n Identification through involvement: Participatory processes enhance the identification of residents with their “open spaces”. n Making allowance for different needs: Life stages, gender roles and cultural background are registered and explicitly attended to during design processes. n Ageability and changeability: Spaces need to be adjustable to changing demands without requiring costly investments. MA19_03_Public Spaces

Scope for the unexpected: There should be room in public spaces for creative, spatial and action-oriented interventions. Interdisciplinary quality assurance: When setting up juries, care must be taken to ensure interdisciplinarity.

After the mission statement has been developed, the next steps have already been taken. The key requirements defined in the mission statement will be implemented in a number of pilot projects. Hence, a comprehensive social space analysis was conducted in the run-up to the design competition for the re-design of Meidlinger Hauptstraße and was taken account of in the call for entries. Furthermore, the evaluation of Christian-Broda-Platz (Mariahilfer Platzl), which was re-designed in 2007, included not only an assessment of its quality of use, but also an analysis of the preceding re-design procedure. Municipal Department 19 prepares schemes for the management of existing open space, which serve as an objective and reproducible basis for the assessment of private uses (e.g. Favoritenstraße, City Centre Pedestrian Zone). Differentiated management can achieve a balance between individual and community interests. The 50 sites programme (50-Orte-Programm), which was launched in 2001,

50-Orte-Programm: approx. 300,000 m2 of attractive space were completed since the beginnig. n 50-Orte-Plus: More projects are to be implemented.

Facts & Figures

n The City of Vienna’s position on the use of public space has been defined in detail and published in a mission statement. The focus is on the provision of services, on amenities and design and on the management of public spaces.

Use of public space in Vienna ‹‹‹ Museumsquartier ‹‹ Planquadrat garden ‹ Mariahilfer Platzl

Partner: schwarzundschwarz architekten (mission statement and guideline co-authors)

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Architecture and Urban Design (MA 19)

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More efficient use of energy brings benefits! The urban energy efficiency programme – SEP With a view to implementing the EU Directive on Energy End-Use Efficiency and Energy Services, the City of Vienna has put in place the urban energy efficiency programme (SEP). Under the SEP programme, about 130 gigawatt hours (GWh) of energy are to be saved annually between 2006 and 2015, with the focus on upgrading the energy efficiency of consumers. Over 100 schemes specifically designed for households, private services, public services, industries and manufacturing enterprises as well as cross-sectoral measures will be implemented by 2015.

‹‹ ENERGYbase – an energy efficient office building ‹ SEP – information and awareness raising © MA 20

n The EU Directive on Energy End-Use Efficiency and Energy Services stipulates that member states should undertake to lower their annual energy consumption by One per cent. Living up to its commitment to a sustainable energy policy, the City of Vienna launched the urban energy efficiency programme (SEP) in 2006. In combination with the climate protection programme (Klimaschutzprogramm KliP), the transportation master plan (Masterplan Verkehr MPV) and the environmental management project (Projekt Umweltmanagement im Magistrat PUMA) implemented by the Municipality of Vienna, SEP supports the City of Vienna’s efforts to upgrade environmental and climate protection. SEP was the outcome of a two year cooperative process led by the Energy Section of the Municipal Department for EU Strategy and Economic Development and involving all the parties represented on the City Council and the responsible offices as well as external specialists. SEP is tantamount to a mission statement on Vienna’s energy policy up to 2015. The objective pursued with SEP is to cut projected growth of the city’s final energy consumption from 12 to seven per cent by 2015. This reduction corresponds to annual energy savings of 180 gigawatt hours, which are brought about through more efficient energy use, MA20_01_Energy Efficiency Programme

Period: 2006-2015 Project-related energy savings period 2006-2009: about 134 GWh/year. Average heating requirement in subsidised new housing developments reduced by about 25% between 2005 and 2008. Increase in refurbishment quality in projects receiving municipal funds for thermal refurbishment of residential buildings; additional energy savings amount to approx. 50 GWh/year.

Facts & Figures

without compromising energy users’ convenience or quality of life. Over 100 strategies were crafted for the sectors listed above that would n take account of energy-related aspects in spatial and town planning n continue to raise the awareness of final consumers n raise the renovation rate and quality of buildings n improve the energy performance of new buildings n improve the efficiency of heating and cooling technology n increase the market penetration and use of energy-efficient equipment and boost energy-efficient technologies for circulation pumps, lifts, ventilators, and lighting n increase the utilisation of waste heat in industry and in manufacturing n promote energy management The transport sector is covered under the Transportation Masterplan.

At the end of 2009, an external evaluation body presented the report on the first SEP programme phase. The report documents and evaluates programme progess, quantifies the energy savings achieved and shows the current development of energy consumption in Vienna.

Housing subsidies only granted to projects with energy-efficient heating systems. Quality criteria for new construction and refurbishment projects were defined for public buildings. Documented savings of municipal entities responsible for facility management amounted to about 50 GWh/year. This clearly exceeds the intended target of saving 15 GWh/year set by the Vienna City Administration in line with the objectives of the SEP. Energy monitoring in public buildings was started and is being implemented as planned. In public street lighting, the replacement of lamps and use of night setback is being accelerated and LED technology is used. These 2 measures help to save about 2 GWh/year.

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Energy Planning (MA 20)

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Building in line with the law Vienna Planning Law Anyone intending to carry out building work in Vienna has to comply with the Vienna Building Code and therefore go through a comprehensive application procedure in order to gain planning permission. Each planning application is thoroughly examined by the City Administration. Planning permission approval constitutes legal permission to build or carry out alterations. However, planning permission will only be granted if the building project is in accordance with the applicable land use and development plan. If this is not the case, one may apply for a modification of the land use and development plan requirements.

Processing of an application for modification of land use designation and development requirements: First the Municipal Department for District Development and Land Use (MA 21) examines the application to see whether it is in line with the intentions of urban planning. If important aspects warrant consideration, a new land use and development plan is prepared in the course of which the specific application for modification of land use designation is also dealt with. The draft plan is then examined by the Advisory Board for Urban Planning and Design, an interdisciplinary body. The draft land use designation and development plan prepared by the Municipal Department is then made accessible to the public for inspection over a six week period both in the Municipal Department itself and at the relevant Municipal District Office. During this period, anyone interested in or affected by the proposal may express any concerns to which the Municipal DepartMA21A_01_Planning Law

ment must respond in writing. The district council may also express any concerns at this time. After the district council, the Chief Executive Office examines the intended modification of the land use designation and development plan with regards to its legal compliance. Within the City Council Committee, the draft land use designation plan is eventually discussed at the political level. Through the City Senate it is then presented to the City Council, where it is legally adopted and published in the Official Gazette of the City of Vienna.

‹ Park view: Living by the Park © MA 21A

The draft land use and development plan – including the Advisory Board’s statement – is published on the Internet at wien.at. Involving the public and parties affected ensures that the information on the modification of the land use designation is spread as widely as possible. The manifold instances of examination ensure that the land use and development plan is investigated and examined from a variety of angles. This is done with the aim of ensuring that the quality of the designation process and the binding legal character is guaranteed throughout Vienna. Processing of the application for construction approval: Before carrying out a building project, it is

Since 1929 Vienna Building Code Since 1987 "Fachbeirat für Stadtplanung und Stadtgestaltung" (Advisory Board for Urban Planning and Design) Building requirements valid for 18 months Building permit valid for several years

Facts & Figures

n Regional planning legislation governing land use and development plans is covered by the Vienna Building Code. This helps reduce processing time for approval procedures. This Building Code is applied to the whole area of Vienna, guaranteeing utmost legal certainty for land use designation.

advisable to inspect the applicable land use and development plan, which can be viewed at the offices of the Municipal Department for District Planning and Land Use. In order to secure legal certainty regarding the applicable development requirements, one may additionally obtain a separate compliance notice from the Municipal Department for Legal Affairs: Construction, Energy, Railways, Traffic and Aviation. This is then legally binding for 18 months. In the case of large-scale building projects, such as housing construction, the Executive Group for Construction and Technology’s infrastructure commission must also be contacted. In the case of land use designation for industrial construction, the Economic Chamber and the Chamber of Labour are involved at a preliminary stage. For the actual development of a plot, a building permit must be obtained from the building authority (Vienna Building Inspectorate). It is valid for a period of four years within which time construction work must start.

Advisory Board for Urban Planning and Design: Honorary interdisciplinary team appointed for 3 years consisting e.g. of experts in architecture, building, spatial planning, monument protection, surveying, urban ecology and public hygiene, transport and traffic, social matters, green space planning, location issues

Responsible department: Municipal Department for District Planning and Land Use Central West (MA 21A)

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Reaching high while down to earth Vienna’s high-rise building concept High-rise buildings are without a doubt an expression of our time - and are to be accepted as such. Vienna is definitely not a classic city of high-rises and does not aim to compete with New York, Kuala Lumpur or Frankfurt. Yet with all due respect for the historic heritage, new architecture needs to be given – quite visible – space in Vienna too. The city’s high-rise building concept now lays down the conditions in which this can happen. n

n n

In setting out the current high-rise building concept, the City of Vienna – based on international experience – has for the first time created binding regulations according to which high-rise buildings may be constructed in Vienna. While this is not meant to put a “halt on building highrises”, neither should it allow for unbridled development to take its own course. This concept expressly defines the planning principles for high-rise buildings. It defines high-rise building exclusion zones to protect the cityscape and valuable landscape. The exclusion zones include protection zones pursuant to the Vienna Building Code, e.g., inner city, or protection areas as regulated by the Vienna Nature Protection Law, e.g. Lobau National Park. Furthermore, the line of sight and visual connections which are essential for the city must not be impaired by high-rise buildings. Areas which are not suitable for a higher development density according to the urban development plan are also designated as exclusion zones – including large green spaces or areas which have MA21A_02_High-rise Building Concept

not been sufficiently developed for public transport. Potential designation zones are all areas of the city not designated as exclusion zones. However, in order to make a zone designation for high-rise buildings binding, urban development visions and guiding principles must also be defined at the same time and must be adopted by resolution of the city council’s urban development commission. In line with international standards, the developer of a high-rise building project has to provide a comprehensive description of the project’s feasibility and spatial and environmental acceptability. Each project applicant is provided with a clear catalogue of criteria in the form of a checklist requiring obligatory compliance, which then serves as the decision-making basis for the City of Vienna. 10-item checklist (abridged) n Planning with an interdisciplinary project team n Comprehensive site survey n Examination of integration in urban planning and design n Examination of shade generating effect as well as wind effect by aerodynamic expert opinion

‹‹ Concentration of high-rise buildings on the outskirts: Wienerberg City ‹ Historic Gasometer shell and modern annex © mediawien; Olechowski

Planning process (duration approx. 20 months): n Phase 1: Urban planning vision and guiding principle n Phase 2: Site survey n Phase 3: Feasibility studies n Phase 4: Preliminary design/competition n Phase 5: Public presentation n Phase 6: Project review/release n Phase 7: Designation procedure/agreement n Phase 8: City council resolution/binding development plan n Phase 9: Construction plans/official procedure/building permit

Facts & Figures

n As defined by the Vienna Building Code, high-rise buildings are buildings whose top (including all roof constructions) is more than 35 metres above the lowest point of the adjacent land occupied by roads or other transport facilities.

Examination of sufficient transport access as well as technical and social infrastructure Description of public and social use Sustainability of use and flexibility of the building structure in case of changed use Sustainability of essential construction elements (renovation friendliness, safety concept, energy concept, building ecology concept, maintenance plan) Construction subject to quality control monitoring Public presentation of the project design including application for designation (including expert opinion reports and relevant certification) as well as project PR work

Responsible department: Municipal Department for District Planning and Land Use Central West (MA 21A)

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On the right track Inner city development of railway stations Inner city development of railway stations has helped create new and attractive parts of town with their own distinctive character and encouraged attractive urban design approaches. Networking with the surrounding centres is of major importance and generates impulses for enhancement of the neighbouring district areas. In Vienna, a total of 228 hectares of railway station sites are available in order to drive urban redevelopment (on a large scale). planning stages of “analysis – competition – consolidation”. Principles of gender mainstreaming were given due consideration at all stages and a public participation process was conducted. The planning vision and guiding principle for Northwest Station additionally formulates statements on the implementation and economic efficiency of the urban planning measures proposed.

‹ Visualisation of the planned Central Station

n Vienna Central Station – modern transport hub and new part of town The new central station in Vienna will make the city a new hub in Europe, bringing together urban, regional and long-distance transport. On a surface area of approximately 109 hectares, a new railway station, 5,000 flats for 13,000 people, accommodation for offices, business, shops and hotels, a large park and an education campus will be built by 2015. The new part of town will be well-connected to the public transport system by tram and bus lines, underground and rapid transit trains. In the developers’ and architects’ competitions run for this project, the city of Vienna paid particular attention to high ecological, economic and architectural standards. Future tenants even have the opportunity to participate in ‘building groups’ and thus co-design the residential housing plans in cooperation with architects and developers. North Station urban development zone With a surface area of more than 75 hectares in the second Viennese municipal district, North Station is one of Vienna’s largest inner city development zones. The overall design concept for this site was developed by a project team consisting of urban planners, sociologists, ecologists, traffic planners and architects MA21A_03_Development Railway Stations

up until 1994. It contains principles on usage, building and social structures, on infrastructure provisions and ecological aspects in urban development. Further development will be consolidated with urban planning competitions and developers’ selection procedures. By 2025, it is planned that the whole area will be developed with about 10,000 flats and twice as many jobs. The centrally situated Rudolf-Bednar Park constitutes the ‘green lung’ of this new part of town – the three-hectare park resulted from an EU co-financed competition. An education campus financed by a public-private-partnership is currently under construction adjacent to the park. Northwest Station – urban planning vision and guiding principle By 2025, a new part of town will emerge on the area of the Viennese Northwest Station, a former freight station, which is planned to combine all the benefits of inner city living and working with high leisure and recreational value. The neighbourhood centres around a green heart, a multifunctional central open space. Future planning will focus on the urban planning vision and guiding principle adopted in the autumn of 2008: “a city needs to live”. The EU-funded development of the guiding principle was elaborated on an interdisciplinary basis in three

Vienna Central Station: n Site surface: 109 ha n Urban development area for the whole project: 59 ha, of which park area: 8 ha n Office space: 550,000 m2, 20,000 jobs n Residential area: 5,000 flats for 13,000 people n Start of construction work on the railway infrastructure project: 2010 n Start of construction work on first flats and office buildings: 2011 n Scheduled completion of Central Station: 2014

Facts & Figures

North Station urban development zone: n Site surface: approx. 75 ha, of which public green areas: 5 ha n Gross floor space: 1.57 m2 n Flats: approx. 10,000 n Inhabitants: 20,000 n Jobs: 20,000 n Start of construction work: 1978 n Scheduled completion: 2025 Northwest Station – urban planning vision and guiding principles: n Site surface: 44 ha of which public green areas: 10 ha n Gross floor space: 730,000–780,000 m2 of which residential: 66% (equals approx. 5,000 flats) n Inhabitants: 11,800 n Jobs: 5,100 Responsible department: Municipal Department for District Planning and Land Use Central West (MA 21A)

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Landmarks as basis for an urban development vision and guiding principle Targeted U2 north axis concept The extension of Vienna’s U2 underground line has been the starting point for the development of an area of the city marked by a great diversity of uses and landmarks characteristic of Vienna, such as the Ferris Wheel, Prater park and Happel Stadium. An urban development vision and guiding principle relates to these landmarks and assets and has established the area as an attractive residential and business location and generated interest in the area on the part of numerous builders and developers. The development of partial areas was carried out by a specially founded company, which was monitored by an interdisciplinary advisory board. wicklung GmbH, which was specifically founded in a joint venture by Wien Holding, IC Projektentwicklung GmbH and IG Immobilien group of companies. The process was monitored by an advisory board in the framework of which district representatives, the City of Vienna’s specialist departments and developers met on a bi-annual basis to discuss questions and problems.

MA21A_04_U2 North Axis Concept

with the location factors of proximity to the inner city, green space, water and links to public and private transport, met with active interest from builders and developers. The guiding principle defines the land use in terms of quantity and quality as well as interrelations between the different forms of use, while taking into consideration the existing residential areas and the area of outstanding natural beauty Grüner Prater. The aim is to complement existing potential with appropriate facilities and establish interrelations between them. One example is the “Viertel zwei” project adjacent to the Vienna Exhibition site. On a four-hectare plot, office buildings, a hotel and a residential building are being built, set within high-quality open space and centred around an artificial lake called „H Zwei O“ (H2O). The waterfront theme – building by the water is seen internationally as highly desirable and the City of Vienna in the course of developing the vision and guiding principle cooperated with various universities – Harvard, Bratislava, Innsbruck and Vienna Universities of Technology. Designs by the students made contributions at the level of structure and principles. Parts of the vision and guiding principle have been implemented by U2 Stadtent-

‹ Visualisation of Marina City © Beyer

n n

Project period: 1998 to 2003 (development of the vision and guiding principle and city council resolution) Development area: 30 ha Ownership ratio: 2/3 City of Vienna, 1/3 privately owned

Facts & Figures

n The northbound extension of the U2 underground line as well as the principal designation of parts of the area as locations for high-rise apartment and office buildings was the starting point from which an urban development vision and guiding principle was developed. This impetus, arising from the improvement of transport infrastructure, has served as an engine for the development of this area between the west bank of the Danube river and Grüner Prater, the woodland park. 30 hectares of land were available, which was either not used at all or whose potential was not exploited. The City of Vienna was fortunate enough to own about two thirds of the area. In the past, several attempts had been made to develop the strongly fragmented area under an overall concept. The result was derelict land situated between the two locations of historical importance. This is precisely what brought about the guiding vision. The development of the area started from the existing landmarks – Ferris Wheel (Wurstelprater amusement park), Exhibition Tower (exhibition site centre), Krieau (harness racing track), Vienna Stadium, Prater Hauptallee (woodland park) and the Danube – making use of their identityforming qualities. Finding these brands was the basis for establishing an attractive residential and business area which, combined

Looking back, one can say that it is useful if a local authority formulates ideas for the development of an area in the form of a well-founded vision and guiding principle. Developers can then build on it with their ideas whilst the city is still able to maintain some control.

Development stages: n Messe neu (new Vienna exhibition centre, completed) n Stadion Center (completed) n Catamaran (completed) n Mamonites Center (completed) n Viertel Zwei (completed) n Wilhelmskaserne (to be completed in 2011) n New building of Vienna University of Economics and Business (to be completed in 2013) n Messekarree Nord (expected completion still unknown) n Uniongründe (Ausstellungsstraße) (to be completed in 2014) n Marina City (to be completed in 2014)

Responsible department: Municipal Department for District Planning and Land Use Central West (MA 21A)

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Aspang-Eurogate Energy-efficient, central housing In central Vienna, close to the Schwarzenbergplatz and the Belvedere castle, Europe’s largest passive housing district will be completed by 2020. Some 5,000 inhabitants will eventually live in these energyefficient flats. The aim is to combine high-quality and green living with the central location. Public transport connections are provided for. The name of the quarter – Aspang-Eurogate – refers to a railway station formerly situated in the area. 50,000 people to the Nazi concentration camps in the East. To commemorate this tragic aspect of the Aspang area, a memorial “for the deported neighbour” will be erected on the site of the former train station. ‹‹ Europe's currently largest energy-efficient housing district is being built ‹ In the midst of the public transport web

n Several minutes away from the Belvedere castle and park in central Vienna, Europe’s largest energy-efficient public housing district is currently being constructed in one of Vienna’s urban development zones. The quarter, called Aspang-Eurogate, will have close to 2,000 apartments finished and ready for tenants by 2020. This urban development project exhibits a range of trendsetting features. The area provides for a range of public transport connections in all directions (trains, trams, buses) as well as to car traffic arteries such as the Vienna city belt, the Rennweg, and the A23 highway. Future residents are invited to profit from the closeness to the Neumarx media cluster and the new Vienna Central Station. The City of Vienna called for urban design proposals of this 22-hectare large area some years ago. Property developers were eventually invited to design energy-efficient housing which conformed to the master plan. The jury has chosen six projects for realization. They all conform to passive housing standards, i.e. particularly energy-efficient construction and operation. The guiding principle for the Aspang-Eurogate district is to combine

MA21A_05_Aspang Eurogate

high-quality living in central Vienna with ecologically friendly construction and design, and to provide for an eco-friendly mobility infrastructure. The area’s new buildings overlook a new public park. An adjacent school campus will also be constructed. At a later stage, a business quarter might be realized. The partially publicly financed project is seen as a showcase of Vienna’s housing policy, which aims to combine high-quality living with ambitious ecological standards and a good public transport and road network connection. Special noise abatements mats (“Elastisches Federungssystem”) integrated into the foundation of the buildings aim to maximize the quality of life. Aspang-Eurogate’s inhabitants will be invited to prioritize on public transport and cycling. The quarter will be open to nonresident bicycle and foot traffic, but not automobile traffic. Until several decades ago, the Aspang station, one of Vienna’s railway gates to the South-east, was situated in what’s today Aspang-Eurogate. The area has always been idle, but the train station was not demolished before 1977. The location has a dark past. In World War II, it was the departure point for the deportation of nearly

The Aspang-Eurogate area (22 ha) is part of a large urban development area called Erdberger Mais Aspanggründe - St. Marx (250 ha). “Aspang-Eurogate” is located in Vienna’s third district, close to the Belvedere castle. The area was the location of the former Aspang railway station. By 2020, the area will see Europe’s largest energy-efficient public housing complex with close to 2,000 apartments completed.

Facts & Figures

The urban design of the Aspang-Eurogate area follows several principles, including: 1. The smooth integration into the urban context 2. A succinct design 3. Flexibility for future use in several sub-areas 4. Use according to the local environment (avoiding noise exposure) 5. Sustainable and environmentallyfriendly local transport infrastructure 6. A central recreation area and its contextual integration

Responsible department: Municipal Department for District Planning and Land Use Central West (MA 21A)

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Get involved! Integrative and cooperative planning processes in Vienna Integrative planning processes are a means for harnessing participation by citizens and stakeholders, as early as possible, when crafting urban development projects. In the initial stages of projects this implies extra input in terms of time and money. On the other hand, it makes for gratifying and robust results that are widely accepted, and it ultimately simplifies and frequently shortens overall planning and implementation. Successful integrative planning processes hinge on committed leadership and a tailored approach. become apparent primarily in the overall result. In the given case, it was favourably received by all those concerned, as it generated a plethora of ideas and identityestablishing schemes. Original solutions resulted in a globally unique urban housing project. In 2002, the Kabelwerk project received honourable mention from the “Lebendige Stadt foundation”, and in 2004 it was awarded the “Otto-Wagner Städtebaupreis”. ‹‹ Housing estate of the “Wohnprojekt Kabelwerk” ‹ The façade of the original Kabelwerk © MA 21B, PlanSinn

The success of a cooperative planning process largely depends on dynamic and determined actors. These are the people in charge of taking five basic steps, which need to be simultaneously undertaken and may also intersect. n Informing residents: From the very start, residents need to be informed about and won over to the project. They must be convinced that their involvement in the building project is more than welcome, so that they can readily identify with it, once it is completed. n Architectural competition: Clear-cut assessment criteria need to be itemised in advance for the competition: The project must be endowed with an identity of its own, which may be newly developed or derived from one previously established; the critical masses need to MA21B_01_Planning Processes

be identified; the different intersecting levels – physical, visual, social – need to be manifested. Setting up a working group and an urban construction support group: From the start of the cooperative planning process, architects, planners, politicians, etc. need to be periodically gathered for consultations. Depending on the project type, the urban construction support group will be composed of residents' representatives, people representing the various decision-making levels of the municipal departments and political representatives who lend their support to the working group. Interim use of the location: Interim use is designed to make people familiar with the location before construction is started. In addition it projects a positive image of the location, it may get people interested and lend a cultural touch to the “in-between city”. Sponsors must be found to fund the project. District management: Residents' representatives, political representatives and representatives of municipal departments oversee the ideas generated in the planning process and make sure that they are actually translated into practice.

As evidenced by the above example, the advantages of integrative planning processes

“Wohnprojekt Kabelwerk”: n Total area: 8 ha (including Kabelwerkpark); 6.3 ha (without the park) n Residential units: approx. 1.000 n Floor-space index: 2.1 without the park n Infrastructure: supermarket, bakery, gastronomy, learning centre, hairdresser, physicians, residential home, geriatric centre, Palais Kabelwerk – cultural centre, pharmacy n A total of 6 teams of architects cooperated on the project.

Facts & Figures

n In Vienna, the “Wohnprojekt Kabelwerk” – an urban housing project implemented on the site of the former Kabel- und Drahtwerke AG – provided the opportunity for translating the theory of an integrative and cooperative planning process into practice. The process was initiated by the Municipal Department for District Planning and Land Use South-Northeast (MA 21B), which acted as the coordinating body. Political decision-makers had prepared the ground for a change in the housing construction policy.

Responsible department: Municipal Department for District Planning and Land Use South and Northeast (MA 21B)

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Making clean profits The Vienna EcoBusinessPlan The Vienna EcoBusinessPlan is a programme of the City of Vienna which supports local enterprises in the introduction of environmentally sound management practices. Its overall goal is to promote a sustainable local economy through efficient and economical business practices. The Vienna EcoBusinessPlan was launched in 1998 by Vienna's Environmental Protection Department (MA 22). Enterprises participate in the programme and implement recommended business practices on a voluntary basis. spection of business establishments – Municipal Department 36, and the Municipal District Offices. ‹ The 2009 EcoBusinessPlan awarding ceremony at Vienna City Hall

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n "Saving money through ecological management practices" is the motto of the EcoBusinessPlan. Every year, 100 to 130 businesses participate in the programme which offers subsidised expert consulting services as well as workshops for professional exchanges. Appropriate management practices that help minimise adverse environmental impacts can thus be identified for enterprises of varying sizes and from all sectors of the economy. The EcoBusinessPlan consultants conduct an initial expert assessment of each participating enterprise. This provides the basis for the formulation of action plans. These are devised by the companies themselves with the support of the consultants and are then assessed by an independent expert commission. Companies are rewarded for the successful implementation of the environmental action package. In addition to receiving a sustainably produced cup and a certificate, they also earn the right to use the EcoBusinessPlan logo. The greatest advantage for businesses is the reduction of operating costs and the optimisation of internal processes. The measures taken by the individual businesses are documented in a database of measures which can be accessed by the public. The performance of the Vienna EcoBusinessPlan is evaluated every year by an independent group of external experts. The evaluations for the years 2006-2013 were MA22_01_EcoBusiness Plan

conducted by the Austrian Institute for SME Research and the Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy. These institutions are also responsible for the aggregate balance of the Vienna EcoBusiness Plan. Thus, for example, 120,000 tonnes of waste have been avoided and 105.2 million transport kilometres have been saved since 1998. Reducing their energy consumption by 745 GWh alone enabled the enterprises participating in the EcoBusiness Plan to cut their operating costs by 46 million euro. The EcoBusinessPlan team is involved in national and international networks and supports the transfer of knowledge between local and regional administrations in Austria and abroad. The Vienna EcoBusiness Plan makes a significant contribution towards Vienna’s Climate Protection Programme (KliP) and the Urban Energy Efficiency Programme (SEP). The programme is funded through the Green Electricity Fund for Vienna, the Vienna Economic Chamber/WIFI and the national environmental funding scheme of the Austrian Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management. It is also supported by the Vienna Chamber of Labour, the Austrian Federation of Trade Unions, the Vienna Business Agency, Vienna’s Technology Agency (ZIT), the Municipal Department responsible for the in-

60-80 consultants 100-130 companies participate in the EcoBusinessPlan every year 60% of companies are repeat participants, 40% are newcomers 90% of companies are recruited by consultants, 10% approach the EcoBusinessPlan team of their own accord. Annual budget: EUR 1 million

Facts & Figures

Ecobalance 2010: The Vienna EcoBusinessPlan achieved that 817 companies participated in the EcoBusinessPlan between 1998 and 2010 andy have achieved the following cumulative benefits to the environment: n Reduction of operating expenses: EUR 80 million n Reduction of drinking water consumed: 2,983,400 m3 n Reduction of waste:118,948 t n Reduction of hazardous waste: 11,630 t n Reduction of energy consumption: 745 GWh n Reduction of transport needs: 105.2 million km n Reduction of CO2 emissions: 216,860 t n Reduction of raw materials needed: 25,000 t

The Vienna EcoBusinessPlan cooperates with international partners to support them in launching EcoBusinessPlans of their own: n 2006 -2008: Macroom, Cork County, Ireland n 2005: Durres, Albania n 2004 -2006: 24 cities and port authorities in the Adriatic region (IONAS) n 2004: Athens, Greece, and Chennai, India n 1998 -2007: Györ, Hungary n since 2009: Sheffield EcoBusinessPlan Awards: n Eurocities Award Cooperation 2006 n UN-Habitat Best Practice 2006, Inclusion in the UN-Habitat Best Practice List already 2002 and 2004 Responsible department: Municipal Department for Environmental Protection (MA 22)

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Think green – buy green EcoBuy Vienna The '"EcoBuy Vienna" project, which was launched in 1998 based on the "KliP Vienna" climate protection programme, is aimed at making procurement activities in the Vienna municipal administration and its affiliated enterprises more ecologically sustainable. As the City of Vienna’s spending on products and services amounts to some EUR five billion annually, this field of activity harbours great potential. Studies corroborate EcoBuy Vienna’s impressive results, such as 30,000 tonnes of CO2 emissions saved each year. From a microeconomic perspective, this equals savings of some EUR 17 million each year, with tendency to rise! The savings achieved from a macroeconomic angle are even more significant. ‹‹‹ EcoBuy "BioBox" presentation ‹‹ EcoBuy promotional video ‹ EcoBuy regionally sourced buffet

n As a reference framework for making procurement more ecologically sustainable, lists of ecological criteria, guidelines and other results have been drawn up for various areas of public procurement. These criteria are taken into account in public calls for tender. Currently, buyers working for the City of Vienna have more than 120 of these lists of criteria to fall back on in their day-to-day work. These criteria are binding within the city administration. A good example of the sustainable impact of EcoBuy Vienna is a specimen folder for ecological printer paper. It lists products and vendors that meet the numerous strict assessment criteria defined by the municipal administration. As a consequence, the Austrian paper industry has been gradually changing its production in an effort to meet these criteria. One of the key success factors of the project is its broad organisational structure, which includes more than 180 experts from various municipal departments as well as external contributors. 26 working groups are busy drawing up, evaluating and updating the relevant results of ecological criteria. In addition, advisory bodies MA22_02_EcoBuy Vienna

Project timeframe: started in 1998 Annual budget: EUR 300,000 Carbon savings per year: 30,000 t

have been set up to cover topics such as legal issues and public relations.

Facts & Figures

In 2003, the Chief Executive Director of Vienna’s municipal administration decreed that the results of the EcoBuy Vienna project be used as a mandatory basis for procurement in the municipal administration and its affiliated enterprises. The EcoBuy Vienna project is the only one of its kind worldwide, a fact that is reflected in the level of international attention it attracts. Vienna’s expertise in the field of sustainable procurement has already been showcased in Japan, Germany, and at the Green Week 2003 in Brussels, to name but a few occasions.

Lists of ecological criteria for procurement: more than 120 e.g., ecological criteria for the procurement of office supplies, wall paint for indoor use, guidelines on how to make events more ecologically sustainable

At the Dubai International Awards for Best Practices 2010, an initiative launched by UN-HABITAT, EcoBuy Vienna was one of the 12 winning projects, after being awarded as "Best Practice" project twice in the previous years. The programme has also been a long-standing member of the EUROCITIES network’s Responsible Procurement Working Group.

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Environmental Protection (MA 22)

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Environmental information online Environmental map of Vienna Vienna’s Municipal Department for Environmental Protection (MA 22) provides environmental data in the form of digitised maps on the Umweltgut Internet platform, giving the general public as well as various experts and in-house staff controlled access to information on topics such as nature conservation, sustainable development & resource management, the air quality measuring grid, and animals and plant habitats. data, which can then be applied to planning material and graphics, but only processed images are offered to the general public. The data available on Umweltgut, the environmental map of Vienna drawn up by Vienna’s Municipal Department for Environmental Protection, are expanded on an ongoing basis. The next release will particularly improve the available search functions, e.g. protected sites (nature protection), information on the “Network Nature” project, search for eco-labels, tourism businesses/socio-economic businesses, etc. ‹‹ Map section – habitat for plants and animals ‹ Map section – nature conservation

n Environmental protection figures high on the agenda in Vienna. The Municipal Department for Environmental Protection (MA 22) plays a pro-active role where issues of nature and environmental protection are concerned and has acquired a large amount of data as well as expertise in this field. MA 22 relies on a Geographical Information System (GIS) to interlink all of its geospatial environmental information for evaluation purposes. This data can then be retrieved via web applications and – in even more detailed form – from a digital map register on the municipal intranet. The databases underlying the map representations are managed and regularly updated by MA 22 and the departments responsible for the data. The Umweltgut Internet platform on wien.at gives all citizens access to information on topics such as nature conservation, sustainable development & resource management, the air quality measuring grid, and habitats for animals and plants. On the intranet, the municipal service staff can find additional information, for instance the strategic road traffic noise map. MA22_03_Environmental Map

Registered users from planning and environmental units also have access to data on Vienna green space monitoring and environmental issues in urban and project development. Like the register of Vienna’s cultural assets, this platform permits users to search for particular objects such as for example natural landmarks. Map scales range from 1:400.000 to 1:400, and orthophoto views as well as links to the land register are available. Available around the clock, the platform supplies architects and planners with information on conservation zones and whether or not a permit under conservation law will be required for a particular project. This helps reduce the workload of the Municipal Department for Environmental Protection as they receive fewer direct enquiries. The maps are also used in environmental education. The web database allows data access to be evaluated, making it easier to quickly identify which particular topics are in demand. In the Geoshop, authorised users can purchase the GIS data in the form of vector

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Platform up and running since 2009 Relies on GIS editing tools such as ESRI, ArcGIS or open-source GRAS The geo-server is an open-source platform comprising high-performance servers Updates every 5 years

Facts & Figures

Page views: external access - about 100 visitors/day internal - about 200 visitors/day Data management is part of routine municipal administration operations, no extra cost involved Development cost: about 2 employee weeks per layer Running costs for web application: about EUR 150/month

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Environmental Protection (MA 22)

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The third dimension Greener cities If urban sprawl is to be kept in check, the only way left for a city to grow is up - the third dimension. And this also applies to green spaces. In Vienna, making additional allotments available to provide more green spaces is out of the question. This is why Vienna’s policy is to turn all flat roofs into green roofs in the long run. Anyone who is interested in a green roof project can benefit from the city administration’s expertise in this field. Roof-top gardens offer a number of benefits, such as new habitats for plants and animals, an improved micro-climate, and a cooling effect in summer based on increased evaporation. ‹‹ Innovative green roof design ‹ Trial fields on the green roof of MA 22 © MA 22

n The success of the City of Vienna’s Gründach (Green Roofs) pilot project should provide an impetus for follow-up projects. Basically, the project consisted of turning an existing gravel-covered roof into a green roof which, over the long term, is not only environmentally friendlier, but also more cost efficient when designed correctly. If certain criteria are met, the City of Vienna grants funding of up to EUR 25 per square metre, subject to a maximum of EUR 2,200 for establishing green roofs.

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The city’s policy is to relieve the pressure on existing green spaces while retaining its zoning limits. To achieve this aim, it is necessary to think in the third dimension green spaces high above the ground. In future, all flat roofs are to become green roofs, as these have undeniable benefits. They n improve the quality of living, n are able to retain 40 to 90 per cent of rainwater, n improve the micro-climate though evaporation and cooling effect, n provide enormous potential for highquality living spaces, n reduce dust formation by binding dust from the air, MA22_04_Green Roofs

purify rainwater, provide multifaceted habitat for plants and animals depending on the method of plantation, can use natural materials, protect part of the buildings' insulation layer from intense variation in temperature and UV beams, provide excellent thermal and noise insulation, can cope with intense rainfall because large amounts a water are partially stored or released with delay, offer added value when combined with photovoltaic or solar energy systems.

Grants for green roofs: Through the Vienna Municipal Department for Parks and Gardens (MA 42), Dependent on the height (in cm) of the rootpenetrable growing substrate on the newly greened roof area. Grants range from EUR 8 to 25 per m², subject to a maximum of EUR 2,200.

Facts & Figures

Minimum height for the root-penetrable growing substrate: 8 cm.

Potential of rainwater retention by green roofs: 50-90% Status 2011: approx. 1,093 green roofs on 200 ha roof area

The environmental advisory centre (Umweltberatung) has produced a booklet which provides guidance for green roofs and highlights the benefits of roof landscaping. Expertise on green roofs is also provided to the public by the City of Vienna’s Municipal Department for Environmental Protection (MA 22). In addition to offering information to interested parties (e.g. architects or property developers), MA 22 also launches initiatives and projects to encourage green roofs in the city. A case in point: the plans for the “aspern Vienna's Urban Lakeside” development project included roof gardens on 100 per cent of all flat roofs.

Partner: Projects with the Gartenbauschule Schönbrunn Responsible department: Municipal Department for Environmental Protection (MA 22)

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Imitation highly recommended SYLVIE – Systematic Noise Abatement in Inner City Residential Areas Inner city road traffic reaches noise levels of over 70 decibels. In built-up urban areas, the degree of noise pollution is therefore high and way above the targeted tolerance limits and standard values (65 decibels during the day and 55 decibels at night). The human threshold of pain is considered to be approximately 130 decibels. In order to avoid this from the onset, the SYLVIE project was set up to develop methods to solve local noise problems through cooperative processes.

control aprons, sound absorbent underbody) and structure-borne noise insulation as well as ensuring optimum maintenance of track. Noise reduction barriers are erected along above-ground stretches of the underground. 30 kilometres speed limit zones: lower speed means less noise and the 30 kilometers speed limit zones in Vienna are therefore being extended.

‹ SYLVIE - Reduction of construction noise

n The SYLVIE project – the German acronym stands for Systematic Noise Abatement in Inner City Residential Areas – was implemented by the Municipal Department for Environmental Protection (MA 22) in three Viennese districts in the period from 1999 to 2002. The aim was to find the best possible methods regarding all kinds of noise (traffic, business, neighbourhood etc.), in order to reduce the burden of noise pollution in the long run through a noise abatement process involving all stakeholders. First a noise analysis was conducted in the affected city zone, in the course of which local residents were interviewed and noise measurements were taken. Subsequently, solutions were jointly explored with noisemakers, noise victims and experts. A final report outlined recommendations for dealing with the various kinds of noise. The following are two examples of noise reduction processes within the SYLVIE project: n Siebensternplatz: Because of the large number of bars and restaurants generating a commensurately high noise level, a mediation process was initiated. This involved all people concerned working out solutions for noise reduction, such as the use of plasticised metal ropes in place of steel chains to secure outdoor tables MA22_05_Noise Abatement

and chairs, which substantially reduced noise levels in this case. n

Theodor-Körner-Hof: This residential complex is located on one of Vienna’s busiest streets and was to be provided with a noise protection barrier. An architectural competition was organised for its design and the winning project featuring a transparent noise protection barrier and integrated photovoltaic panels was implemented in 2007. 75 per cent of the residents have since benefitted from noise levels kept below the tolerance limit.

The City of Vienna has developed action plans for noise reduction, which have been integrated into all urban programmes, such as the Urban Energy Efficiency Programme (German acronym: SEP), Urban Air Initiative (ULI), Transport Master Plan (MPV) and Urban Development Plan (STEP 05) to facilitate joint action against noise emissions. Examples of such measures are: n Noise protection along railway lines: the Austrian Federal Railways and the City of Vienna implement measures such as the construction of noise protection barriers and the fitting of noise protection window panels along railway lines. n Noise control on public transport: Wiener Linien (the Vienna Public Transport Authority) use low-noise trams (noise

SYLVIE: n Project duration: 3 years (1999 to 2002) n Budget: EUR 800,000, 50% EU funding through LIFE programme n Noise tolerance limits (as defined by the EU): whole day value: 65 dB continuous sound level, whole night value: 55 dB continuous sound level

Facts & Figures

Measures against noise pollution: Noise protection barriers and embankments n Funding of noise-protection window panels n Pedestrian zones, 30 km speed zones and car parking management n Noise protection for public transport n Laws, regulations and Austrian standards on noise limits n

Noise threshold value for action planning (pursuant to Federal Environmental Noise Ordinance 2006): Day Night Road noise 60 dB 55 dB Air traffic noise 65 dB 55 dB Railway traffic noise 70 dB 60 dB Business and industry 55 dB 50 dB Disturbing noise: from 50 dB up Risk of hearing damage: from 80 dB up Noise threshold value: from 130 dB up Partners: Rosinak & Partner ZT GmbH, Büro Herry, Büro Snizek, PlanSinn GmbH Awards: Among the finalists of the "Stockholm Challenge Award 2003" (a global competition promoting innovative ICT projects), 2004 rated as Good Practice by the Best Practices Hub. Responsible department: Municipal Department for Environmental Protection (MA 22)

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High Visibility The Vienna Urban Air Initiative (ULI) The Vienna Urban Air Initiative (ULI) describes the programme’s ends as well as its means. The end is to provide long-term solutions for clean air in Vienna. The means are a continuous, interdisciplinary analysis- and discussion process within the city’s urban administration. In the past years, high reductions of emissions have been achieved, to the point where Vienna has fallen well below the limit values in several pollutant components. However: nitrogen dioxide and the fine dust component PM10 continue to pose a considerable challenge to the goals of the Vienna Urban Air Initiative. ‹‹ One of 18 air measurement stations ‹ Vienna’s air measurement bus © MA 22

n Vienna boasts clean air in international comparison. Already in the 1970s, municipal administrators developed a step-bystep comprehensive air measurement system and encouraged measures taken towards air quality improvement – e.g. through filters in power plants. The city has since substantially reduced sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide emissions through changes in combustibles, transfers to natural gas and the construction of a gas purification plant. Furthermore, Vienna’s topography is conducive to clean air because the Vienna Basin is well aerated. Most critical values for pollutant components have been complied with so that, taken altogether, Vienna remains a great city in terms of quality of life. However: the fine dust component PM10 and nitrogen dioxide continue to pose considerable challenges to urban administrators. Their limit values have been exceeded repeatedly, mostly due to local and regional road traffic, heating, and trade and industry. In order to guarantee good quality air in the long-run, the municipal Department for Environmental Protection launched the MA22_06_Urban Air Initiative

The Vienna Urban Air Initiative (ULI) describes both the means (an interdisciplinary dialogue forum of experts) as well as the ends (a package of measures to ensure good-quality air in Vienna). At the basis of ULI’s activities are the Vienna Air Measurement System and the Vienna Air Quality Circular Flow where causes and effects of pollutants are assessed in an integrated manner. Vienna provides over exact air quality data thanks to 18 air measurement stations (17 fixed; one mobile station).

Facts & Figures

Vienna Urban Air Initiative (ULI) in 2005. This programme seeks the advice of experts on how to further reduce toxic emissions in Vienna. The programme aims to keep all pollutants under their assigned values and to craft long-term clan air policies. The ULI is, therefore, an interdisciplinary group of experts who jointly develop measures and present them to policymakers – e.g. good practice catalogues and a Vienna air strategy plan. At the same time, the ULI has turned into Vienna’s one-stop shop on air quality issues – e.g. for the public administration, interest groups, and academic circles. The ULI can build on a Viennese specificity – the Vienna Air Quality Management. This circular flow of air quality controls allows for the integrated and holistic tracing of emissions and air quality policy measures along the pollution loop. At the core of the system is an air measurement system of 17 fixed and one mobile air tracking stations, which depict the condition of Vienna’s air at all times. This system has already served as a model to many urban administrators worldwide.

Different measures to reduce toxic emissions, and in particular fine dust emissions, have resulted in considerable reductions in emissions of fine dust (100 t) and nitrogen dioxide (1,000 t). These measures build on already existing programmes in mobility planning and in climate protection. EURO 1 lorries are banned from urban traffic; environmentally friendly cars and heating systems are partly subsidized. An important date is around the year 2020, when the results of the EURO 6 norm for passenger cars are expected to show. At that time, most diesel-powered vehicles – currently the largest nitrogen dioxide emitter – are predicted to have reached the ends of their life cycles.

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Environmental Protection (MA 22)

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High-quality housing for everyone Housing policy in Vienna Vienna boasts high-quality housing combined with affordable rents. 220,000 municipally-owned apartments house almost a third of Vienna’s population. Apart from such community housing, high-quality, affordable housing is ensured by the Viennese system of housing subsidies, which provides funding for new building projects and the restoration of old residential buildings as well as direct financial support to low-income households. Effects: All projects subsidised by the City of Vienna have several aspects in common: high quality of living, high technological standards, affordable housing and excellent surrounding infrastructure, such as access to public transport, local amenities and a balanced social mix.

How the housing subsidy process works: n Housing Advisory Board: A housing developer owning a plot of land intends to build a residential complex on it and submits an application for a subsidy to the Advisory Board. This application is checked for compliance with legal regulations by the following municipal departments - Architecture and Urban Design (MA 19), District Planning and Land Use (MA 21), Assessment in Matters of Housing Construction and Promotion (MA 25), Building Inspection (MA 37), Housing Promotion and Arbitration Board for Legal Housing Matters (MA 50), and Real Estate Management (MA 69). Following this assessment, the Advisory Board decides whether to recommend the granting of a subsidy. MA25_01_Housing Policy

Housing development competition: Wohnfonds Wien (Vienna Fund for Housing Construction and Urban Renewal) makes a plot of land available and organises a competition for architects and housing developers.

Whatever the option, it is necessary to enter the project details in a data sheet (e.g., name, size, building materials, planning documents, design concept). Once a subsidy has been granted, the applicant has to fully comply with all the specifications made on this sheet. The Municipal Department for Urban Renewal and Assessment in Matters of Housing Construction and Promotion (MA 25), regularly checks compliance and carries out on-site progress inspections. Types of subsidies: Subsidies take the form of either one-off grants or loans with a term of 25 years. Subsidies are based on square metres of usable floor space. Ecological improvements (passive house standard, heating using renewable energy, ventilation combined with heat recovery) are encouraged through non-refundable building grants.

All in all, the City’s housing policy is a political instrument of control that contributes to ensuring a high standard of housing.

‹ Housing project "Breitenleerstraße" © MA 25

Timeframe: The subsidised housing programme was initiated in 1952/1954 Duration of administrative procedure: submission phase (= until subsidy is granted) / construction phase / final settlement: average 3,5 years Subsidies granted per year: about EUR 600 million

Facts & Figures

n As a city with a growing population, Vienna needs to build about 5,500 new apartments every year. The City of Vienna subsidises the building of a large number of rental and owner-occupied accommodation. Of these subsidies, 90 per cent go to high-volume housing and ten per cent to low-volume housing (privately owned homes). The total number of apartments built every year is a policy decision that takes account of the needs of each district based on relevant demand forecasts.

In high-volume residential housing, construction specifications help ensure high quality of living and high technological standards, particularly in respect of an optimised energy balance (thermal retrofitting). For privately owned homes, there are no mandatory stipulations, as these tend to put off private individuals planning to build their own homes, cause higher costs and consequently often result in the use of unregistered labour. However, a broad range of grants is available to provide incentives for eco-friendly approaches.

Cooperation partners: Municipal Department for Housing Promotion (MA 50), Amt der Wiener Landesregierung (Office of the Vienna Provincial Government), Building Inspection (MA 37), Wohnfonds Wien Responsible department: Municipal Department for Urban Renewal and Assessment in Matters of Housing Construction and Promotion (MA 25)

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Lifestyle quality Vienna’s developer competitions Public developer competitions are a quality assurance tool used to ensure provision of affordable housing of a high standard and innovative project content. Commercial and non-profit developers and architects form project teams competing with one another to develop designs for implementation. The winning projects are determined by an interdisciplinary expert jury, based on assessment criteria such as architecture, ecology and economy.

‹ Examples of buildings resulting from developer competitions

Documents to be submitted: n Development concept (layout, plans, front views, sections, perspective drawings) n Data sheet with building description (building costs, occupier conditions, material selection, power and heating system) n Free-space design plan (functional and design concept) n Written project description (project objectives, project content) n Tenancy and purchase agreements

n The awarding of subsidies with residential housing construction in Vienna was reorganised in the 1990s. The aim was to reduce construction cost, while at the same time attaching importance to raising residential housing standards in ecological and social terms. Residential housing projects applying for public funding are subject to thorough checks under a comprehensive and standardised evaluation system. Submissions for residential housing projects are scrutinised to determine whether they meet the basic requirements making them eligible for funding. A particular element in this context are open developer competitions. There are both one-time grants and grants in the form of a loan to be repaid within 25 years. The grants are awarded by square metre of usable residential floor space. The procedure The developer competition for subsidised residential housing projects from approximately 200 to 300 housing units upwards is a public invitation to tender and serves to single out those prospective real estate purchasers who submit the best designs for development concepts. The public competition comprising one or several stages, including the search for inMA25_02_Developer Competitions

terested parties in the run up, is launched through a public call for tenders. The assessment Following a preliminary check by an external consulting engineer, the submissions are judged by an expert jury on four main criteria: architecture (= urban structure, residential structure, appearance, innovation potential), economy (= site cost, construction cost, costs and contractual terms for occupiers, cost relevance of building equipment), ecology (= building engineering, building ecology/low-impact building, residential ecology/construction biology, free space/green space/urban ecology) and social sustainability (= suitability for day-to-day living, cost reduction through planning, living in communities, housing for changing needs), in which the focus is on overall quality and especially a balance between the four main criteria. The jury’s report informs participants of any recommendations or requirements. The developer competition is a transparent procurement procedure for Vienna Housing Fund sites and supports quality assurance in the area of subsidised new residential building and quality control prior to the granting of subsidies for residential construction.

Facts & Figures

The expert jury consists of: experts from the fields of architecture, urban development, free-space planning, ecology, economy, building engineering, housing legislation, housing promotion and developers’ representatives, as well as representatives of the City of Vienna and Wohnfonds Wien, the Vienna Housing Fund. Through the Vienna Housing Fund, more than 40 public developer competitions with a volume of approx. 15,800 housing units have been conducted.

Partners: Wohnfonds Wien - Fonds für Wohnbau und Stadterneuerung (Fund for Housing Construction and Urban Renewal), Wiener Bodenbereitstellungs- und Stadterneuerungsfonds – WBSF (Vienna Land Procurement and Urban Renewal Fund) Responsible department: Municipal Department for Urban Renewal and Assessment in Matters of Housing Construction and Promotion (MA 25)

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Barrier-free Vienna – a city for all Centre of Excellence for Barrier-free Planning, Building and Living In order to ensure that as many people as possible can move freely around the city and participate in public life, it is the aim of the City of Vienna to remove not only existing barriers but also prevent their emergence in the future. Barrier-free planning and building is specifically promoted, and advice and information is provided to raise awareness of obstacles in construction design. This also benefits people without disabilities, because a city without obstacles increases quality of life for all. ‹‹ Lift in public space ‹ Tactile ground-surface guidance system

n In the 1990s, the City of Vienna enshrined barrier-free building in the Building Code, and in 1994 it laid down the objectives for a barrier-free city in the urban development plan. Implementing the Federal Law on Equal Treatment of Persons with Disabilities, the Vienna City Administration has also included the regulation of safety of use and barrier-free design in the Building Engineering Ordinance. This provides the city with an efficient control instrument for prescribing obligatory barrier-free construction for all new and remodelled buildings. Since 2008, the City of Vienna has had a separate Centre of Excellence for barrierfree planning, building and living. This Centre of Excellence provides advice for the barrier-free planning of new buildings or remodelling and processes grant applications for housing renovation projects. In 2010, 369 grant applications were filed and approximately EUR 2.3 million was paid out. The Centre of Excellence works on an interdepartmental basis across all local government departments and is also involved in important official procedures. It liases between politicians, disabled associations and the Vienna City Administration and organises information and discussion events to promote and raise awareness. MA25_03_Barrier-free City

Vienna supports the barrier-free design of housing for people with disabilities in a variety of ways. Thanks to the statutory requirement for barrier-free building, public buildings and open spaces are designed in a manner that they can be used by everyone. By providing ramps or lowered kerbstones, guidance systems for the blind, signal systems or ensuring diversions around building sites are kept barrier-free, the city makes getting around the city safer and easier for all. Low-floor vehicles and barrier-free tram stops and underground stations enable all Viennese to use public transport. As well as monitoring building design or public passenger transport, the city also pays attention to guaranteeing barrier-free access with its Internet presence. Using the Web service “Reporting obstacles in the city” citizens may report obstacles, such as steps or lack of guidance systems for the blind, directly to the Centre of Excellence. In many cases, such reports lead to an improvement in the criticised situation. There is a “barrier-free city map” available on the Internet and people with disabilities can use it to create their own barrier-free route for reaching their desired destination quickly and safely.

Total grants awarded in 2010 EUR 2.3 million for 369 projects 143 on-site inspections including funding advice/month Average of 290 monthly telephone enquiries answered/month 200 email enquiries and responses concerning barrier-free building/month Approx. 38,000 visits to the website at www.barrierefreiestadt.wien.at

Facts & Figures

Legal basis: n Austrian Federal Constitution, Art. 7(1) of the General Provisions (purpose of state definition) n Federal Law on Equal Treatment of People with Disabilities 2005 n UN Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities (in force in Austria since 26 October 2008) Viennese legislation: n Wiener Bauordnung (Vienna Building Code n Wiener Aufzugsgesetz (Vienna elevator law) n Wiener Veranstaltungsstättengesetz (Vienna entertainment venue law) n Mietrechtsgesetz (tenancy law) n Wiener Wohnbauförderungs- und Wohnhaussanierungsgesetz (Vienna subsidised housing and renovation law) n Arbeitsstättengesetz (work place law) Targets: STEP 05 Responsible departments: Municipal Department for Urban Renewal and Assessment in Matters of Housing Construction and Promotion (MA 25), Centre of Excellence for Barrier-free Planning, Building and Living (Kompetenzstelle für barrierefreies Planen, Bauen und Wohnen)

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Soft urban renewal Vienna’s District Service Agencies Urban Renewal Under the soft urban renewal scheme, the District Service Agencies, set up by the City of Vienna, efficiently and sustainably contribute to the improvement of the indoor environment quality and to the quality of life in the districts and in selected city neighbourhoods. Interdisciplinary teams offer advice on the refurbishment of flats and buildings, as well as support to participatory projects and act as mediators in disputes. The popularity rating of the districts concerned soars, the indoor environment quality is upgraded and the neighbourhood becomes more attractive. The District Service Agencies are managed by private contractors working with interdisciplinary teams over five-year periods. The selection of contractors is effected by way of Europe-wide calls for bids, governed by the best-value principle. A dedicated strategy group consisting of representatives of the Vienna Municipality decides on the strategic direction of the Agencies’ activities. The Municipal Department for Urban Renewal and Assessment in Matters of Housing Construction and Promotion (MA 25) controls the budgets, sets out the regulatory framework for organisational and quality-assurance measures and supports the Agencies in the performance of their work.

In the Urban Development Plan of 1984, the neighbourhoods qualifying for urban renewal were identified and the number of District Service Agencies was increased. Since then, these Agencies have contributed in a major way to the soft renewal and thus to the upgrading of 20 urban MA25_04_District Service Agencies

neighbourhoods. Since 2003, the “District Service Agency for Municipal Housing Estates” has been active in the public housing sector, mainly responding to social concerns and mediating in disputes between neighbours. A well-functioning neighbourhood is a basic prerequisite for a high quality of life. This is taken account of by the District Service Agencies Urban Renewal and their wide-ranging field of activity. They have become well established as central hubs within the districts and as points of contact for local residents and entrepreneurs, and are popular cooperation partners of numerous private and public institutions.

‹‹ Informative meeting for the population ‹ A centre of the District Service Agencies © MA 25

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DSA staff: approximately 80 (equal to approximately 40 full-time staff) DSA launched in: 1974 12 fixed locations, 2 mobile service free of charge multilangual advice

Facts & Figures

n In 1974, the first District Service Agency was set up in Ottakring, the 16th district of Vienna. The idea was to kick-start the renovation and revitalisation of old building stock (pre-WWII buildings) by providing services and advice. Since then, planning teams have provided support services to the residents of Vienna neighbourhoods, assisting them in restructuring projects, renovations, tenancy issues or in dealing with authorities. They address the situation prevailing in houses or public places, always keeping in mind the neighbourhood as a whole. The teams support neighbourhood residents in participatory projects or in organising promotional events. District Service Agencies also mediate in social and intercultural disputes. Through their committed work together with the population, the residential situation in the neighbourhood is improved and the housing quality and residential satisfaction is increased.

Special projects and working groups, such as “Vision Entwicklung Westgürtel” (or “WAGG – Wiental ArbeitsGruppe Gebietsbetreuungen”), were developed to service regionally adjacent districts. n

Vienna’s District Service Agencies Urban Renewal are attached to the Administrative Group for Housing, Housing Construction and Urban Renewal and are operated by private contractors on behalf of Municipal Department 25.

DSA events: approximately 500 per year

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Urban Renewal and Assessment in Matters of Housing Construction and Promotion (MA25)

www.tinavienna.at

City Administration 2.0 Public Knowledge Management in Vienna’s administration The platform “Technik Wiki Wien” looks and works like Wikipedia. But rather than serving a global audience, the tool supports the exchange, storage, and use of knowledge among desk officers in Vienna’s administration. Called upon to find a knowledge management tool for city officials, members of the City of Vienna suggested a simple and straightforward solution: Wikipedia’s open-source software. The tool is now used by several public administration departments. ‹‹‹ The online exchange of expertise ‹‹ Wiki-software for Vienna’s administration ‹ Using the Technik Wiki Wien Platform

n The Viennese Municipal Department for Urban Renewal and Assessment in Matters of Housing Construction and Promotion (MA 25) tackles a list of responsibilities. Any issue related to housing is dealt within this department: examples include barrier-free planning, the preservation of historical monuments, eco-subsidies, building services, and arbitration or procurement questions. The earned, practical knowledge of a seasoned administration expert should be just as accessible as latest technical or legal developments in housing questions. Teaming up with the Municipal Department for Automated Data Processing, Information and Communications Technologies (MA 14), the housing department decided on the cost-free open-source software provided by the Wikipedia group. The adapted intranet application is called “Technik Wiki Wien.” On the computer screen, the tool looks and works like Wikipedia. Just as it does outside of the administrative boundaries, the word “Wiki” indicates that the stream of information is no longer a one-way street from one person or one office to many passive recipients. Rather, many users communicate amongst themselves in a circular way. In practice, desk officers now collect key documents into subject areas. They place a number of „unchangeable documents,“ MA25_05_Technik Wiki Wien

such as rulings of the High Court or work orders directly on the department’s own website. Subjective, individual or other empirical documents are collected as a set of “changeable documents” in the Wiki interface. Other departments’ employees can access these dossiers and add their own comments or changeable documents with the help of simple software. Desk officers can thus quickly get an overview of the spectrum of knowledge and of experience in one subject area, as compiled by several departments.

The “Technik Wiki Wien” tool should also be seen as an ambitious supplement to the department’s existing quality management tool (QM): the computer-based QM-system, which is certified according to ISO 9001, regulates the steps and processes from the mail room to the service completion of a file. “Technik Wiki Wien” takes this rather “neutral” tool to another, more interpretative, level by representing the body of hands-on knowledge and experience. Using an open-source and participatory solution in public administration setting is relatively new. In this process, decentralized and inaccessible knowledge becomes centralized and accessible knowledge; the knowledge of one becomes the knowledge of many – and it ideally lives on beyond the retirement of seasoned experts.

“Technik Wiki Wien” is a new knowledge management platform in the City of Vienna. Technik Wiki Wien looks and works like Wikipedia: the desk officers of the public administration compile their expert knowledge and practical experience in dossiers. Via keyword searches, their colleagues can access these dossiers and bodies of hands-on knowledge.

Facts & Figures

Technik Wiki Wien was developed by the MA 25 and is already used by a number of departments. Important partners: Municipal Department for Legal Affairs: Construction, Energy, Railways, Traffic and Aviation (MA 64) Municipal Department for Inspection of Business Establishments, Electrical and Gas Equipment, Fire Prevention and Official Authorisation of Events (MA 36) and Municipal Department for Building Inspection (MA37).

Dimension: consists of approx. 500 pages Hits: some 30,000 hits in the first year of use

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Urban Renewal and Assessment in Matters of Housing Construction and Promotion (MA 25)

www.tinavienna.at

Informed travel in eastern Austria ITS Vienna Region The ITS Vienna Region Project focuses on providing high-quality and up-to-date information enabling passengers to choose the best mode of transport. The website “www.AnachB.at” (“How to get from A to B”) offers an intermodal transport information system covering the whole eastern region of Austria. Promoting public transport usage through the provision of information is the transport policy objective of this project. company Fluidtime and the Municipal Department for Environmental Protection to establish ways to also indicate CO2 emissions for the selected journey and transport mode. In 2009, the company Fluidtime was awarded the national prize for multimedia & e-business for an innovative pilot project using the routing data generated by ITS Vienna Region.

‹‹ The AnachB.at website offers information to choose the best means of transport ‹ Information from various partners is coordinated and passed on comprehensively

n ITS stands for Intelligent Transport Systems, and that is precisely what the ITS Vienna Region project sets out to provide in the eastern region of Austria. The overall goal is to promote the use of public transport through the provision of highquality and up-to-date information. For Vienna, initial steps were taken in 2000 with the “VEMA – Verkehrsmanagement” (Vienna Traffic Management) project. This led to establishment of the ITS Vienna Region project group in which the provinces of Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland cooperate in 2006. An intermodal transport information system including a traffic situation map and dynamic traffic routing was created for the whole eastern region of Austria. Incipient work on the project proved to be a challenge in terms of hardware and software, as data had to be collected from the various partners before feeding it into a joint system – i.e. from transport service operators in the provinces involved, the Austrian Federal Railways, ASFINAG (Austrian Motorway and Expressway Financing Company), police authorities, taxi companies, the Austrian Broadcasting Corporation’s “ORF Ö3 Verkehrsredaktion” (travel news). MA28_01_ITS

The basis for capturing traffic routes is a graph integration platform (GIP), which also serves as a reference graph for the provinces involved and allows the decentralised entry of any change referring to networks of roads and pedestrian routes. This makes GIP data more detailed and up-to-date than conventional representations based on aerial photographs, the updating of which can take up to three years. The website “www.AnachB.at” offers road users an option to access all data relevant for their journey, such as route search, departure time for public transport, parking facilities, park & ride, traffic situation on roads. An important aspect is “travel time accuracy” for the various modes of transport. This means that routes calculated for private motor transport include time for finding a parking space and walking to the actual destination point. As regards its intermodal access and the GIP, “www.AnachB.at” is the leading website in Europe and worldwide. In future, this travel information service will also be accessible by mobile phone. An additional feature aimed at raising ecological awareness is planned: ITS Vienna Region is currently in discussions with the

Start: 2006 “www.AnachB.at” online since June 2009 Annual budget: EUR 1.1 to 1.3 million

Facts & Figures

Inhabitants of Austria’s eastern region: 3.5 million people Internet visits: more than 1 million visits and 200,000 journey enquiries per quarter AnachB.at offers intermodal journey planners for all transport modes, special bicycle and park&ride journey planners as well as traffic maps at www.AnachB.at as iPhone App and widget. GIP.at is intended to implement the GIP co-developed by the ITS Vienna Region project group in all of Austria’s federal provinces.

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Road Management and Construction (MA 28)

www.tinavienna.at

Well-coordinated street works in Vienna Electronic approval process With Vienna’s new electronic excavation approval process (EAZV), uncoordinated digging works in the public domain are a thing of the past. For instance, if the Vienna gas and water utilities plan to upgrade supply structures in the same street section, they are obligated to coordinate their activities in an effort to ensure that all the works are completed as quickly and efficiently as possible, with minimum inconvenience to residents and obstruction of traffic.

‹‹ Street construction project – completed ‹ Example from central digital register of underground apparatus in streets

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n In Vienna, streets are being dug up about 11,000 times each year. The Municipal Department for Road Management and Construction (MA 28), is in charge of coordinating all relevant approvals and permits in this context.

To keep the administrative effort as low as possible, MA 28 has developed an electronic excavation approval process. The EAZV web application is used to record all digging activities in Vienna and makes relevant graphical information available online on the municipal intranet. An innovative feature is the automated overlap check – the data for any planned dig is compared against that of other construction projects or official notices issued by other municipal departments. EAZV users have access to the following information: n Central digital register of underground apparatus in streets (ZLK): This register provides an up-to-date overview, making it easier to find existing lines, pipes and cables and plan routes for new ones. n Street information system (SIS): provides information on street surfaces, street construction details, and area categories n Legal notices issued by the Municipal DeMA28_02_ Approval Process

partment for Traffic Management and Organisation (MA 46) ‘No-digging’ periods: no renewed digging in the same location for three years; five years if it is a newly built street or road (justified exceptions apart) Excavation works planned by other contractors

Approx. 11,000 excavations per year 42,000 km of supply and disposal infrastructure 2,800 km street network ISO 9001:200 certification No more than 24 hours from submission of application to granting of approval

Facts & Figures

EAZV components: Central digital register of underground apparatus in streets (ZLK) n Real-estate information system (GRUGIS) n Street information system (SIS) n Vienna spatial reference system (RBW) n Graphical user interface with orthophoto functionality n

Following the overlap check process, applicants receive official approval, sometimes along with specific stipulations (e.g., coordination with other contractors, specifications regarding street surface reinstatement). The major advantage of the EAZV application is that it speeds up the approval process and saves costs. Contractors can apply for approval online 24/7 and have a better basis for planning and costing at their disposal, allowing them to optimise site management, with fewer obstructions for both residents and traffic as a result. In future, the system is to be made accessible to the general public as well. What is more, there are plans to include the information on construction sites in the City’s "AnachB.at" mobility platform.

Award: Austrian State Award – Multimedia and eBusiness 2009 conferred by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth (ÖBMWFJ), category "E-government and service for citizens", MA 28 in cooperation with MA 14 and UNISYS. Responsible department: Municipal Department for Road Management and Construction (MA 28)

www.tinavienna.at

Paving the way Standards for paving in heavy-traffic areas One of the objectives of the initiative for developing a uniform, structured set of rules for all technical and contractual aspects of paving works was to provide a stable legal framework for both clients and contractors. The Austrian standard for paving works contracts (ÖNORM B 2214) as well as guidelines and rules for ‘paving stone and slab surfaces and surrounds’ constitute a milestone in this context.

‹‹ Paving works on general standards ‹ Paving works in Kärntnerstraße pedestrian zone

n For a long time, there were no standardised rules governing the quality of paving works in Austria. Every entity in charge of road maintenance had its own rules, which were often technologically outdated. As there was a need for binding guidelines concerning contracts as well as technical quality standards, the Municipal Department for Road Management and Construction (MA 28), and the head of the Vienna Pavers’ Association took action. A committee was set up at the Austrian Association for Research on Road-Rail Transport with the aim of defining all the relevant factors needed to ensure correct flexible paving. The result was guidelines and rules for paving stone and slab surfaces and surrounds (RVS 08.18.01). The committee included representatives of road maintenance bodies, paving enterprises, stone and slab producers as well as planners. In parallel, a working group at the Austrian Standards Institute developed a standard for works contracts for MA28_03_Paving Standards

ÖNORM B 2214: Austrian standard, Pavement Works – Works Contract

paving works (ÖNORM B 2214) covering all relevant legal factors. This detailed description of all the key aspects of paving works provides a stable legal framework for both clients and contractors. The works contract standard, for example, clearly stipulates what requirements have to be fulfilled for an area to be deemed level.

RVS 08.18.01: Guidelines and rules for paving stone and slab surfaces and surrounds

This initiative is a major contribution towards improving quality assurance for paving works and has met with great interest in all German-speaking countries. Germany and Switzerland have meanwhile published similar guidelines. This positive development is also reflected in a lively exchange between stakeholders. Lessons learned in day-to-day practice are evaluated, and both documents are updated regularly as a result. Plans for defining similar guidelines and rules for rigid paving are already in the pipeline.

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Road Management and Construction (MA 28)

www.tinavienna.at

Facts & Figures

Digital Road Network Maintenance The Vienna Pavement Management System In the “Vienna Pavement Management System (PMS)” pilot project, experts assess the condition of Vienna’s road network using GPS-equipped Personal Digital Assistants (PDA). This technique allows detailed documentation of road network surface conditions and financial assessment of any putative maintenance operations. Combined with software that is tailor-made for the project, this PMS will also serve as the basis for transparently prioritizing repairs, according to policy and budget factors, and, ultimately, as a way to model pavement depreciation. both today and in the future. Hence the ultimate aim is an integrated PMS. ‹‹‹ Coordinated construction work ‹‹ Documenting road surface conditions ‹ Pilot Project: The Pavement Management System

n The pilot project is promising: Vienna’s administration wants to know both the priorities and the required financial means to manage its paved surfaces. A digital system will allow the City to augment its human inspectors to do so more efficiently and transparently. Thanks to periodically collected and objectively measured data, the project will allow for a precise identification required maintenance measures in Vienna’s road network and planning for these repairs. The project also foresees a model of the road and pavement network’s development and depreciation. The system may help the public administrator achieve the best value possible for the available public funds in providing and operating pavements. The Vienna “Pavement Management System (PMS)” is a project-level approach that should lead to an optimum of transparency and cost-efficiency in long-term road maintenance. Required components for this include mobile high-performance laboratories which will produce geo-referenced videos down to the microstructure of the urban pavement network. In addition, pavement managers from the City Department will supply additional microdocumentation of road network surface conditions with Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs). MA28_04_Pavement Management

Already today, one Viennese district has been scanned with GPS-equipped PDAs. The pilot snapshot of this particular district’s road network details the road network surface condition, and presents it in the glow of traffic light colours. Damaged areas are coloured red, small or developing damages are coloured yellow, and damage-free areas are coloured green. The digital map indicates the size of any specific damage, and also offers details of the shapes of particular damages. Furthermore, the map shows the exact types of such damage, e.g. whether it is a pothole, a rut, or a fretting. As a result of this mapping process, the MA 28 as Vienna’s pavement maintenance agency provides not only a snapshot of depreciation; it can also realistically assess the costs of necessary measures – apart from unexpected events or new construction spaces. The MA 28 wants to optimize the PMS so that its human experts – as well as the mobile labs – can process a whole range of data while scanning the Vienna street and pavement network. Road surface conditions as well as traffic signs and lettering on street surfaces will be collected. In the future, administrators would like to model pavement depreciation over time and therefore acquire knowledge on the optimum financial investment and priorities

2,800 km of roads, streets, and pavements. To systematically measure and assess the road network surface condition as well as maintenance needs, and to model depreciation, the Vienna “Pavement Management System” is foreseen to be introduced.

Facts & Figures

The aims of Vienna’s PMS: n Maintenance of a quality road network n Definition of maintenance strategies n Planning of long-term maintenance programmes n Prioritization of measures n Avoid loss of substance n Ensure traffic security n Optimize spending patterns n Assess investment needs

The PMS Method: Road network surface condition measurement through visual scans n Road condition surface measurement with GPS-equipped PDAs and/ or georeferenced images n Road condition surface assessment at assessed damage catalogue n Road condition value calculation n

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Road Management and Construction (MA 28)

www.tinavienna.at

Building safely? Boring does it! “Baugrundkataster”: Vienna's subsoil exploration archive Vienna's Baugrundkataster is an archive that provides extensive information about the ground beneath the city. It contains the borehole logs – in analog or digitised format – of some 55,300 sample borings that allow insights into the structure and physical properties of the subsoil. This information is vital for the assessment of risks involved in construction projects and essential for designing buildings. localised on the city map of Vienna, and thematic maps – e.g., historical and geological maps – as well as orthophotos can also be displayed. Since 2010, customers have also been able to order borehole logs via the Internet (GeoShop of the City of Vienna).

‹‹‹ Subsoil exploration ‹‹ Drill cores from sample borings ‹ Inspecting the drill cores

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n Vienna's Baugrundkataster is an extensive archive of geological and geotechnical data, whose oldest records date back to 1831. Since 1946, the Municipal Department for Bridge Construction and Foundation Engineering (MA 29) has been responsible for maintaining and expanding this collection of records about the city's subsurface conditions. The subsurface exploration archive can be accessed by the public, either in person during the customer hours of MA 29 or online via the Internet. A borehole log from the subsurface exploration archive can be purchased by any interested party at a price of 7.20 euro. New borehole logs are added on an ongoing basis to the archive, which currently holds about 54,000 logs. Sample borings are carried out in the context of construction work undertaken by the City of Vienna. Their depth varies (deepest boring: 605 metres), depending on the purpose of the boring; very deep borings are required for wells, for example. In some cases, gauge pipes are installed to provide groundwater measurements. The drill core helps experts understand the stratification, thickness and properties of the subsoil layers. MA29_01_Subsoil Exploration Archive

Samples are taken from each layer and their physical properties analysed. The results of these analyses are recorded in the archive together with a graphic representation of the drill core. From the geophysical analyses, valuable information can be drawn about the subsurface situation, which helps to minimise the risks involved in construction projects. Furthermore, sample drilling results are important parameters for construction design and planning. When a new underground railway line is planned, for example, a shallow boring is undertaken in the cellar of each building that will be traversed by the planned line to ascertain the quality of the building's foundation. Borings are also carried out on contaminated sites to determine the extent, exact location and type of subsoil contamination. The subsurface exploration archive has been digitised and has been accessible online since 2004 for the staff of the Vienna City Administration. MA 29 developed the programme GEODE for entering the borehole logs in the data base, and the IT Department of the City of Vienna was responsible for providing the web applications that are needed for access to the data base. The position of each boring is

Project timeframe: since 1946 Number of borehole logs (2011 figure): 55,300 New borings each year: several hundred

Boring depth: deepest boring: 605 m, frequently up to 30 m Oldest boring: 1831; most recent boring: yesterday

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Bridge Construction and Foundation Engineering (MA 29)

www.tinavienna.at

Facts & Figures

Attractive, safe and modern walkways for everyone ‘Pedestrian’ action plan The ‘Pedestrian’ action plan marks a major step in the city administration’s efforts to pay increased attention to the interests of pedestrians. The objective of this action plan is to implement accessibility and gender-mainstreaming requirements in the construction and maintenance of bridges, footbridges and steps.

‹‹‹ The Skywalk footbridge ‹‹ A pushchair ramp makes life easier ‹ Weather protection at Kennedybrücke bus stop

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n The ‘Gender-Mainstreaming’ pilot project in Vienna’s sixth district inspired the ‘Pedestrian’ action plan. In this project, experts from the city administration explored effective ways of applying the city’s gender-mainstreaming strategy in their day-to-day work. Based on the insights gained in this pilot project, the Municipal Department for Bridge Construction and Foundation Engineering (MA 29) developed an action plan for the whole of Vienna, with a special focus on improving conditions for pedestrians. In 2005, MA 29 started to take stock of all the structures under its management – bridges, footbridges, and steps – and to define improvement measures for each of them. A questionnaire was drawn up which has to be filled in during regularly scheduled on-site inspections. The data gathered in the process is entered into a database designed specifically for this action plan. These tools have enabled MA 29 to ‘automatically’ take account of pedestrians’ requirements in its routine work. MA29_02_Pedestrian Action Plan

A major aspect in this context is accessibility. In the case of bridges, the primary points of interest are transitions to adjacent footpaths, pavements, and guardrail design. To ensure access for all, handrails should be mounted at different heights, be easy to grip and feel for without any risk of injury. The relevant building codes and standards for accessibility, such as Austrian standard ÖNORM B 1600, must be adhered to.

Project timeframe: started in 2005 Number of bridges managed by MA 29 (in 2010): 814

Number of walls managed by MA 29 (in 2010): 359 Number of gantry signs managed by MA 29 (in 2010): 85

Ramps for pushchairs and prams are being built in an effort to retrofit existing steps which are currently not accessible for everyone. MA 29 has teamed up with the Coordination Office for Planning and Construction Geared to the Requirements of Daily Life and the Specific Needs of Women to develop guidelines offering tips on what aspects to consider when retrofitting steps and how to implement such construction projects in practice. For instance, a pushchair ramp will make sense only if the steps in question feature a certain width and gradient to begin with.

Number of noise barriers managed by MA 29 (in 2010): 16 Number of special structures managed by MA 29 (in 2010): 27

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Bridge Construction and Foundation Engineering (MA 29)

www.tinavienna.at

Facts & Figures

The Bridge GIS A virtual tour through Vienna A film crew from overseas and a concrete expert from the neighbouring university both share a common interest in Vienna’s more than 800 bridges or in a trademark sight like the Strudlhofstiege. The “Bridge GIS”, an internet application within the virtual map of Vienna, allows online tours to any one of Vienna’s bridges. Additionally, 400 special walls, noise abatement walls and roadway bridges can be located online, including aerial photos. above the knotty road web of the Spittelau area and thus allows for an uninterrupted bicycle transfer from the 19th to the first district. The bicycle highway was cofinanced by the European Union.

‹‹‹ The Reichsbrücke by Night ‹‹ The Hohe Brücke Bridge ‹ The Lobausteg Bridge © Manfred Seidl, Kurt Wurscher, MA 29

n How long is the famous Reichsbrücke across the river Danube? Since when has the Ohmann Construction in Vienna’s City Park been adorned by an elegant new overhead crossing? Where is the Franzens Bridge? And at what hour is the lighting incidence perfect to film a scene on the famous Strudlhofstiege? Vienna’s virtual city map provides detailed answers to these questions. The map contains a special feature called “Brücken GIS”, or Bridge GIS. Vienna’s 800 bridges, as well as its staircases, special walls, and roadway bridges, are included in the interactive city map. The map is offered as a free service to any interested user by the Municipal Department for Bridge Construction and Foundation Engineering (MA 29). In addition to the 800 bridges administered by the City of Vienna, users can also search for bridges and items administered by other municipal bodies such as the Vienna Public Transport Authority or Asfinag, which plans, finances, maintains and operates tolls on Austria’s motorway and expressway network. Bridges or monuments can be searched by keyword. Maps of each can be studied schematically, or by viewing including photographs. A pop-up information bar provides background information such as the date of construction, the administrating body, and data including the length, width, and material of the bridge. MA29_03_Bridge GIS

Users of the Bridge GIS – and there are currently more than 300 a month – have different reasons to consult the system. International film teams or photographers research adequate filming locations and positions as well as information on lighting. Suppliers and contractors in the field of bridge maintenance consult the Bridge GIS for a quick overview. The highlights of Vienna’s bridges: The Seitenhafenbrücke at the Vienna Port (opening date: winter 2011/ 2012): This elegant bridge is constructed in an integral way, without dilatations and without bearings. It consists of two frames placed on the riverbanks, each of which spans 32 metres, and a main frame which spans 65 metres. On both sides of the river banks of the Danube Canal, there are steel prop arrangements. The Südbahnhofbrücke and the Arsenalsteg (planned opening date: 2015): These futuristic bridges for cars and bicycles, respectively, and also for pedestrians, will bridge the area of the Vienna Central Station. Both bridge constructions will be integrated into a very complex urban space. Stadtbahnbögen and Skywalk Spittelau: The viaducts of a former railway line on the edge of the 19th district have been refurbished and can now be used by pedestrians and bikers. The new bicycle lane is high

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Online gateway to Vienna’s bridges Vienna counts 1,712 publicly administered bridges and overhead crossings. 814 are administered by the MA 29 and 277 by the Wiener Linien, the public transport authority. 10 bridges cross the River Danube, 32 bridges cross the Danube Canal, 41 cross the Wien River.

Facts & Figures

The oldest bridge administered by the MA 29 is the Konstantinsteg, built in 1873. Approximately 20% of today's bridges were built before 1950. The MA 29 also administers: 359 walls and stairs 85 roadway crossings 16 noise abatement walls 26 special objects

Awards: walk space Awards 2010 and 2008 for the Skywalk and the Bicycle Lane Spittelau, respectively. n klima:aktiv mobil prize 2008: Stadtbahnbögen Spittelau n wienwood 05 wood construction award: Erdberger Steg n

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Bridge Construction and Foundation Engineering (MA 29)

www.tinavienna.at

Vienna’s Centre of Excellence Interdisciplinary Tunnel Construction Work The Vienna Tunnel Construction Centre of Excellence gathers all the urban administration’s civil engineering champions together. The Centre’s founders are convinced that enhanced internal and interdisciplinary exchange increases the quality of complex tunnel construction projects and regulates their financial predictability. The group offers tailor-made solutions for particularly complex tunnel and underground projects. The gamut of services offered by the centre runs from local soil character assessment to the execution of whole construction projects. nearly three-kilometre long overflow canal (WSKE), which runs 30 metres beneath the city surface. In such cases, the Centre of Excellence is involved from the first feasibility study to the eventual construction of the caisson access shafts. Furthermore, the Centre offers single-item professional advice on questions related to the execution of construction work, quality assurance, or, the economic evaluation of a tunnel construction project.

‹‹ Canal Construction in Vienna’s City ‹ Foundation Ground Freezing © MA 29

n Urban administrators around the world fear a certain doomsday scenario. It goes like this: an ambitious civil and underground engineering project turns into a debacle as, suddenly, waste water chambers collapse, sacral buildings tumble over, and the municipal bank accounts are quickly depleted. In tracing the roots of such calamities, it is often revealed that experts in different fields had exchanged too little information in advance of the accident. Perhaps the awarding authority and the contractors had been in conflict from the first hour. Possibly, the tender procedure was not explicit, or, external contractors had been defying control from the start.

ence, e.g. commercial qualifications such as adherence to budgets and to schedules, customer satisfaction and quality assurance as well as technical qualifications such as geotechnics, geology, structural and agricultural engineering. The Centre aims to concentrate qualifications, convey specialized experience to younger employees, and enhance the City of Vienna’s longterm and international position in special engineering.

The Viennese way of tackling risk in special civil and underground engineering projects is a Centre of Excellence in the Municipal Department for Bridge Construction and Foundation Engineering (MA 29). This interdisciplinary team allows for both technical and economical optimization in complex engineering projects. The group carries out assignments by both its host department as well as other awarding agencies related to the City of Vienna.

Since its inception in 2006, the Centre of Excellence has already earned a reputation of Vienna’s civil engineering flagship. It has become known that this team talks through all operational steps together and is often seen together on the construction site. In this team, geologists have learned to understand the struggle of the procurement officers, and process engineers now consult with budget experts. The Centre’s experts keep an overview of the entire process and exert tight control. Sometimes, they even act as mediators on the construction site, e.g. when the contractor’s or the awarding authority’s tasks seem ill-defined.

The Centre of Excellence’s mission is to consolidate the in-house wealth of experi-

So far, the largest project of the Centre of Excellence has been the construction of a

MA29_04_Tunnel Construction Centre

Wealth of experience in the following expert areas: Tunnel and caisson access shaft construction, geologic and geotechnical consultancy in Vienna subway construction projects, as well as large freshwater, sewage, and energy projects. Project management and full execution of large construction projects e.g. bridges, sunken highways, special objects. Since the inception of the Centre in 2006, the team has overseen the construction of 3 main wastewater collectors, up to 30 m beneath the city surface. The Centre offers professional advice in urban engineering in both open- and closed cut tunneling.

Facts & Figures

Furthermore, in-house experts offer specific advice on geology and geotechnics.

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Bridge Construction and Foundation Engineering (MA 29)

www.tinavienna.at

From spring to tap – it's all under control Ensuring the quality of drinking water in Vienna The City of Vienna is in the fortunate position of receiving 95 per cent of its drinking water supply from mountain springs in the Lower Austrian and Styrian Alpine ranges. Given the vulnerability of this precious resource, ensuring good water quality is essential. Adequate control presupposes the timely availability of information on any variation in the water. For this purpose the Vienna Waterworks operate monitoring points at the springs, along the pipelines to Vienna and also in the city area, where water parameters are measured and the results transferred to the operations centre in real time. The system ensures that the quality of the city's drinking water is monitored from its sources right to the tap. Vienna. Many of these forest areas are designated as areas protected by water law and are owned by the City of Vienna. The close co-operation between the Vienna Waterworks and the Forestry Office sustainably ensures spring protection and hence a high level of water quality. And providing Vienna’s citizens with drinking water of excellent quality is the topmost priority of Vienna’s city administration.

The outstanding feature of Vienna's water quality management system is the quick and continuous measuring of key water quality parameters. Moreover, profiles of the water resources can be developed from long-term observation and evaluation of the collected data. Knowing the characteristics of the mountain springs – i.e., how they respond to meteorological impacts such as heavy rain, melting of the snow cover in spring, prolonged periods of drought or winterly weather – helps the city administration take proactive measures to optimise the system and ensure drinking water quality. Vienna's drinking water is provided by different water sources, whose shares in MA31_01_Quality of Drinking water

overall supply vary on a daily basis. Looking at the long-term annual average, 45 per cent of Vienna's drinking water is supplied from the springs of the first Vienna Mountain Spring Pipeline, 50 per cent is provided by the springs of the second Vienna Mountain Spring Pipeline and five per cent is supplied from groundwater from the two well fields at Lobau and Moosbrunn. The water quality at the spring is a reflection of spring protection, on the one hand, and of natural events, on the other. Spring protection essentially depends on the near-natural management of the surrounding forests. Important factors in this respect include: healthy mixed forests, biodiversity in soil flora, well-developed humus layers, controlled game population, proper behaviour of hikers in spring protection areas, inspection of shelter huts regarding the disposal of waste and sewage and the storage of fuels. If humus and soil are healthy they are able to efficiently filter and store rainwater. The responsibility for the management of the forests in the water protection areas lies with the Forestry Office of the City of

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70 water and spring catchments in the spring areas alone 2 well fields (Lobau, Moosbrunn) Catchment area: 700 km2

Facts & Figures

n The European Drinking Water Directive obliges all member states of the European Union to regulate the monitoring of drinking water quality through national legislation. The Vienna Waterworks have developed its drinking water quality management system on the basis of the relevant national legislation (food law, Trinkwasserverordnung, i.e. Drinking Water Regulation and the food register).

‹‹ Meteorological monitoring contributes to water quality management ‹ Waterworks monitoring

Mountain spring water in the districts: The districts within the Gürtel ringroad (districts 1 to 9 and 2 and 20) and the two districts east of the Danube (21 and 22) receive their water from the first Mountain Spring Pipeline. The districts outside the Gürtel ringroad are mainly supplied with water from the second Mountain Spring Pipeline.

Responsible department: Vienna Waterworks (MA 31)

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6-pillar programme for Vienna’s water pipe network Quality assurance and continual renewal The six pillars of Vienna’s water pipe network campaign ensure that the Vienna Waterworks (Municipal Department 31) will be able to guarantee Vienna’s water supply also in the future. The 6-pillar programme for network renewal was developed with the collaboration of international experts. Based on modern management methods, computer-aided monitoring systems and innovative construction procedures, the programme ensures that Vienna’s water supply will maintain its high quality standards in the future. Pillar 5 – Synergy effects through co-ordinated construction measures: permanent communication and ongoing exchange of information with different project organisers – such as Wien Energie and Wien Kanal – save money, shorten the duration of the construction work and reduce negative effects on the environment and flow of traffic. Pillar 6 – Priority ranking by main roads: Vibrations caused by traffic frequently trigger premature damage to the pipes. For this reason, works on Vienna’s water pipe network are planned on the basis of this knowledge.

‹‹ Accoustic Proofment ‹ NIS users can view the location of water pipelines superimposed on orthophoto images

n Pillar 1 – Network information system (NIS): The NIS documents all relevant information on the water pipeline network and its related facilities, such as reservoirs, pumping stations etc. It administers exact plans including the location, diameter, material, pressure zone, year of construction and technical condition of the relevant object. The stored data are available to the employees of the Vienna Waterworks online and in real time. Pillar 2 – Early detection through ongoing monitoring: The water pipes are continually checked by noise and quantity monitoring systems. Acoustically, the pipelines are checked for so-called exhaust noise. In this way, defective pipes can be detected and repaired early. MA31_02_Water Pipe Network

Pillar 3 – Pipe Rehabilitation Management (PiRem): PiRem is an innovative IT tool, which constitutes the core of the 6-pillar programme. On the one hand, the mathematical model of PiRem makes visible the factors, which are responsible for water pipe aging and cause typical defects, and thus enables the timely detection of imminent pipe defects. On the other hand, the findings from PiRem are essential for planning the ongoing investments into Vienna’s water pipe network. Pillar 4 – Promotion of trenchless construction techniques (no-dig procedures): The no-dig procedure minimises the digging effort and time needed for construction works and hence also decreases the use of resources. Also, construction site traffic is clearly reduced.

Software NIS: n Oracle 9i n ESRI ArcGIS 9.3/ArcObjects n Safe FME n ms. GIS CORE 3 Technology and n MS Terminal Server

Total length of public water mains: about 3,000 km

Responsible department: Vienna Waterworks (MA 31)

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Facts & Figures

"No Dig" – trenchless pipe installation Rehabilitation of old water mains The Vienna Waterworks (Municipal Department 31 - MA 31) are responsible for keeping the city supplied with an uninterrupted stream of pure drinking water. This involves maintenance and repair of the existing distribution network and installation of new pipes where needed. Innovative technologies are used for these tasks, in particular trenchless, or "No Dig" techniques for pipe rehabilitation and replacement. ed so that it expands and regains its circular shape for a snug fit with the bore of the old pipe.

There are above-ground and underground methods for the repair and replacement of pipe sections. MA 31 is a member of the Austrian Association for Trenchless Technology (ÖGL), in which civil engineering companies, technology developers, special equipment manufacturers and trading companies and researchers collaborate. In this context, MA 31 plays an important role as a public contract awarder which applies various new technologies at its constructions sites and evaluates them as to functionality and economic viability. The results of these evaluations are fed back to the developers and manufacturers as a basis for further technological advances.

In collaboration with the University of Technology of the City of Graz, MA 31 has implemented a software to assess potential need for renewal in pipe sections on the basis of the data supplied by the NIS system. These IT tools enable MA 31 to manage maintenance, repair and replacement works in a proactive manner based on the current state of each pipe section.

Aged sewer sections may be rehabilitated through different relining processes, all using trenchless technology: n Pipe bursting: As the old pipe is progressively widened or burst open from inside, a new length of pipe with a strong, crack-resistant outer shell is pulled into place inside; with this method, the diameter of the replacement pipe can be the same or even wider than that of the original pipe. n Slip lining: A new length of pipe with a smaller diameter is pulled into the existing pipe, which is usually cleaned beforehand; n U-lining: A length of PE pipe is prefolded into a U shape and pulled into the old pipe; once in place, the PE pipe is heat-

The aim is to minimise network losses, i.e. water leakage, wherever pipes are no longer properly sealed. Apart from other measures continuous repair and replacements efforts have brought down network losses from 25 per cent of the total distributed volume in the early 1970s to less than eight per cent today. MA31_03_Rehabilitation of Water Mains

At the moment, 10 to 20 per cent of all pipe rehabilitation and replacement processes in the water mains network, as well as work on sections of building supply lines, are carried out using trenchless technologies.

‹‹ Renewal of water mains ‹ Fabric hose is pulled into place inside the old pipe © MA 31

Total length of water supply network: about 3,000 km Building supply lines: 102,000 branch lines

Responsible department: Vienna Waterworks (MA 31)

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Facts & Figures

n The total length of the water distribution network within the City of Vienna's territory is no less than 3,000 kilometres, and the Vienna Waterworks (Municipal Department 31 – MA 31) are responsible for keeping the whole system in working condition. The oldest pipe sections have been in place for more than a century, but age by itself is not the most crucial issue – what counts is the state of repair of the pipes. Conditions in the network are mainly documented in a digital network information system (NIS), which has been specially developed for this purpose and contains all the relevant data, grouped by pipe sections.

Trenchless or "No-Dig" pipe installation methodology is suitable only for longer sections of pipe, but here it has a number of benefits: n Reduction of CO2 emissions: much less excavated material has to be removed by lorry; n Reduced cost: in conventional, open-dig pipe installations, reconstruction of the road surface accounts for 30 per cent of the total cost; n Shorter installation times; n Improvement of life quality: disturbances to nearby inhabitants and traffic disruptions are kept to a minimum.

Drinking water – a source of clean hydropower The drinking water hydropower plant in Mauer The drinking water hydropower plant in Mauer – a former suburb that is now part of Vienna’s 23rd district – generates electricity in an environmentally sound manner and reduces the pressure of the incoming water stream to the level required in Vienna’s distribution system. In the protected mountain spring zones and along the two pipelines that transport drinking water to Vienna, the water flow drives 14 power plants, generating some 65 million kilowatt-hours of electricity p.a. – enough to meet the power requirements of a city with 50,000 inhabitants. kilowatt-hours of electricity per year; thus the Vienna Waterworks make an important contribution to the production of environment-friendly energy. Additional the City is working on producing more ecoelectricity.

‹ Generator at the Mauer hydropower plant

n Almost all tap water in Vienna comes from mountain spring zones in the Alpine ranges of the provinces of Styria and Lower Austria. From the protected spring zone the water is brought to the city in two pipelines. Given the difference in elevation, no pumps are needed for the transport, which covers considerable distances – 180 kilometres in the case of water from the Styrian Hochschwab range. Under the force of gravity, the water pressure in the pipelines builds up to levels which are too high for Vienna's distribution network – hence the need to bring down pressure as the water enters the city. In the past, this used to be done at considerable expense by means of hydraulic pressure-reducing valves (Clayton valves). But in 2006, this technology was replaced by the Mauer drinking water power plant. Austrian national legislation (Ökostromgesetz) promotes the generation of electricity from renewable sources, and a regulation of the Federal Ministry of Economy ensures that “green” electricity is purchased at a subsidised tariff. This is the legal basis that makes the operation of the drinking water power plants economically viable. Vienna Waterworks (Municipal Department 31) concluded a contract with a private partner – the HochquellstromMA31_04_Drinking Water Hydropower Plant

Vertriebs GmbH, a subsidiary of Siemens Austria AG – for the construction and operation of a hydropower plant in the Mauer pressure reduction chamber of the Second Vienna Mountain Spring Pipeline. Under the terms of the contract, Hochquellstrom-Vertriebs GmbH financed and built the Mauer power plant in return for the revenue generated by power sales during the first 13 years of operation. This revenue is used by the Siemens subsidiary to cover its refinancing requirements. At the end of the 13-year period, the City of Vienna will take possession of the power plant (at fair value). The heart of the power plant is a Francis turbine. Every second, about 2,000 litres of drinking water flow over it, falling some 30 metres before being fed into Vienna's distribution system. Thus, the Mauer power plant generates about three million kilowatt-hours of electricity every year without any ill effect on the quality of the drinking water. The power is used to cover the electricity needs of some 1,000 households. The Mauer power plant is an economically viable operation, the desired pressure reduction being achieved automatically without causing any additional expense. All in all, there are 14 drinking water power plants which generate about 65 million

Hydropower plant Mauer: n Start of operation: 2006 n Term of the partnership contract with Siemens: until 2019 n Capital invested EUR 1.25 million n Annual electricity generation: 3 million kWh n Installation of a Francis turbine with 400 kW output power n Water flow rate: 2,000 l/s Status 2011: n The Vienna Waterworks run 12 drinking water power plants (one in Vienna Mauer, 7 in the Wildalpen, 4 in the Hirschwang spring zone). Two more plants are run by Wien Energie in Gaming (Lower Austria). n Total electricity generated p.a.: approx. 65 million kWh Drinking water in Vienna: n Length of distribution network: more than 3,000 km of public water mains n Building supply lines: more than 102,000 n Drinking water sources: First Mountain Spring Pipeline: 220,000 m³ per day Second Mountain Spring Pipeline: 217,000 m³ per day Lobau groundwater pumping station: 80,000 m³ per day Moosbrunn groundwater pumping station: 62,000 m³ per day Several minor water sources: 10,000 m³ per day n Achievable maximum supply volume: 589,000 m³ per day n Average quantity consumed: 375,000 m³ per day Responsible department: Vienna Waterworks (MA 31)

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Facts & Figures

Keeping city traffic flowing Traffic control and traffic light systems Without traffic control systems, the heavy traffic on city roads simply doesn’t flow. In future, one single central computer will control all traffic lights in Vienna. Using new technology, the signal installations adapt to traffic flows and continue to operate independently even if the central computer fails. Green wave systems and priority given to public transport help make Vienna what is almost a congestion-free zone. The Municipal Department for Public Lighting was awarded the 2008 environmental prize by the Austrian ARBÖ automobile club for creation and improvement of green waves in road traffic. Green waves make a contribution towards improving traffic flow and reducing CO2 impact. ‹‹‹ Traffic control centre at “Roßauer Kaserne” ‹‹ Fault-clearance service by “Wien Leuchtet” ‹ Servicing of pedestrian traffic light by City Hall

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n In future, traffic light systems in Vienna will be controlled by just one instead of three traffic computers. The traffic computer uses the new OCIT interface (= open communication interface for road traffic control systems).

Quality management is performed by evaluating the data online. This involves visualisation of crossroads, checking of push buttons and traffic lane probes and coordination bands (i.e. several traffic lights in a row along a stretch of road).

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This interface combines traffic light control units, central components and central management in just one network and enables data exchange of operational states along with additional detailed information. Another difference as compared to the old technology is that should the computer ever fail, coordination of traffic light systems continues independently on site and is managed by a locally installed automated programme.

The safety check (e.g. to prevent two mirror-switched traffic lights at one junction switch to green at the same time) is performed on site, which requires intelligence on the part of the switching device. If a fault is noticed on the traffic light systems, the Viennese population are encouraged to help by reporting the occurrence to the traffic light telephone hotline, which is open 24 hours a day. 75 per cent of malfunctions are repaired by the city’s fault clearing service within 24 hours.

95 per cent of Vienna’s traffic light systems have already been connected to the new traffic computer by fibreglass or copper cable. The traffic lights not yet connected are at the periphery and linked to the central computer by radio transmission.

Preferential treatment of public transit and pedestrian-friendly traffic light switching have high priority in the area of traffic control. Furthermore, the new traffic light systems are equipped with acoustic signals for people with visual disabilities and the blind.

MA33_01_Traffic Control Systems

1,266 traffic lights, of which 691 with LED signal generator

Facts & Figures

699 with blind acoustics 988 operated by the OCIT compatible computer

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Public Lighting (MA 33)

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More public lighting – less energy consumption Lighting Master Plan In a well-lit city, people feel safe on their night-time journeys. Great effort goes into providing the appropriate lighting systems. At the same time, the city has set itself the goal of reducing energy consumption for lighting. The Lighting Master Plan provides guiding principles for its implementation. Furthermore, the staff of the Municipal Public Lighting Department (MA 33) are on duty around the clock in order to remedy any lighting malfunction. less light emissions into the nocturnal sky and focusing the light exactly where it is needed.

‹‹‹ Lighting of Schwedenplatz and Danube Canal ‹‹ Lighting of the Stadtpark ‹ Lighting of the Schlesingerplatz

n The Lighting Master Plan was drafted in 2008 to define strategies for the design and engineering of public lighting during the next ten years. Safety in traffic, protection against attacks, gender mainstreaming, environmental protection, urban design, lighting engineering, economic efficiency and energy consumption were important criteria taken into consideration in the drafting of the master plan. The aim is to make low cost investments providing a long-term economic service life. An important part of the Lighting Master Plan is a catalogue of light fittings, which has been prepared in collaboration with the Municipal Department for Architecture and Urban Design (MA 19) and external experts. It contains recommendations for lights, which have been tested and approved as to their maintenance-friendliness, lighting engineering and aesthetics and are therefore to be used in Vienna in the future. Furthermore, the Lighting Master Plan contains a set of critical framework requirements for developing an optimum lighting scheme. Illumination needs to relate to the topography, lines of movement, identity-forming areas and green and open spaces in the respective district. MA33_02_Lighting Master Plan

Under the Kyoto Protocol and within the Municipal Energy Efficiency Programme, the City of Vienna has committed to lowering its energy consumption for lighting by five per cent by 2015. To reach this target, a combination of light fittings and light bulbs are used which meet high ecological and economic demands: less power input – more effective lighting. This means that the number of light fittings in Vienna can be increased whilst reducing the total power consumption for light output.

Preparation of the Lighting Master Plan: 2006–2008

Energy consumption: n Lighting fixtures in Vienna: 150,000 n Lamps: 244,000 n Illuminated paths and streets: 2,850 km

In addition, LED light fittings are currently being tested and evaluated in some city zones. Experiences gained with LED light fittings are passed on to the manufacturers and contribute to further development of this technology. Bringing forward the part-night switch time from midnight to 11 p.m. is another energy-saving measure: 1,300,000 kilowatt hours annually are saved in this way. Most modern light fittings consist of two bulbs, one of which is switched off by the partnight switch. Lighting used in Vienna is now fitted with an upward glare restriction resulting in

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Lighting period all night annually: 4,300 h Lighting period part-night annually: 2,200 h Connected load: 14,000 kW Annual consumption: 56,000 MWh

Responsible department: Municipal Public Lighting Department (MA 33)

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Facts & Figures

Spotlight on Vienna Creative & artificial lighting in the city Light is magical, light creates atmosphere. Light re-creates architecture and emphasises features. Light defines space.

of these projects are representative of the department’s high quality, cost-conscious approach and the sustainable use of resources. All five projects combine the objectives of energy saving, utilisation of state-of-the-art technologies and an ecologically sensitive approach.

‹‹‹ Illumination of bridges at the Danube Canal ‹‹ City People Light Award 2006 ‹ Evening lighting of Vienna’s parliament buildings

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n The illumination of public buildings makes the city more attractive. Squares and buildings are shown in a new light. In addition to its functional purpose, creative lighting in public spaces has the added aim of shaping the city. Public lighting is, however, also subject to certain regulations (e.g. regarding the use of energy-saving technology). The illumination of properties is designed by artists and light designers. The initiative comes from the districts as well as from various associations, which submit their plans to ‘Spotlight on Vienna’, the responsible Municipal Department. The department staff examine the feasibility of the project at the desired location and estimate the costs involved, before submitting a funding application to the responsible bodies. In Stadtpark, for example, a new lighting system, ‘Painting the Night’ by the light designer Viktoria Coeln, was installed and now bathes trees and walkways in coloured light. The artist describes it as follows: “At the onset of dusk the first traces of light become visible. They gain more and more colour. Little by little, a delicate covering of light made up of picturesque structures settles on the foliage of the trees and stretches over branches, trunks and walkways.” Another good example of creative MA33_03_Artificial Lighting

150,000 lighting fixtures in Vienna 244,000 lamps

lighting in public space is to be found on the Danube canal bridges. Since 2008, the Schweden, Marien, Salztor and Aspern Bridges have been lit with a red, yellow, blue and white light. Since spring 2010, Roßauer Bridge, another bridge spanning the Danube canal, is also shown in a favourable light. In 2006, ‘Spotlight on Vienna’ received the first prize in the international „city.people.light-award“ competition for its continued success in the field of municipal and creative lighting. This prize was first announced in 2003 and is awarded to cities which enhance the cultural and architectural heritage and night-time appearance of a region with unusual yet environmentally-friendly lighting solutions. The City of Vienna’s prize-winning lighting concept comprised five individual projects: Karlsplatz, Schwarzenbergplatz, Reichsbrücke, Wiener Ringstraße and historic buildings as well as Schönbrunn Palace front square. In all these projects, it was essential to provide passers-by with a greater sense of security whilst highlighting the architectural features of the surrounding buildings. Another important factor was the use of state-of-the-art lighting technology to both increase lighting quality and cut energy consumption. All

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200 public clocks 240 illuminations, creative lighting projects

2,850 km illuminated paths and streets 14,000 kW total power consumption 56,000 MWh annual consumption

Award: City People Light Award 2006 Responsible department: Municipal Public Lighting Department (MA 33)

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Facts & Figures

We care for buildings Building construction and management for the City of Vienna How does the City of Vienna manage the properties it owns? The mission statement and organisation scheme developed by the Municipal Department for Building and Facility Management (MA 34) are the cornerstones of the integrated management of all municipal properties. Clearly defined organisational structures and fields of responsibility, as well as comprehensive services for customers, are the main criteria for managing the city’s more than 1,800 properties. sured that action will be taken to resolve their problem. MA 34 processes about 20,000 incident/failure reports annually. It maintains an in-house task force to deal with difficult or potentially dangerous incidents or failures within three hours. Properties managed by the City of Vienna: ‹‹‹ Urania building ‹‹ Planetarium building at dusk ‹ District administration building

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n In 2003, the City of Vienna established a separate municipal department to manage all its properties. Since then, the Municipal Department for Building and Facility Management (MA 34) has been responsible for the city’s about 1,800 properties. Its workforce of about 1,230 employees manages more than four million square metres of floor space, including the City Hall building, 220 office buildings, 360 schools and 400 kindergartens, as well as churches, museums and other properties. In fulfilling this mission, MA 34 carries out some 500 development projects with a combined budget of about 150 million euro annually. Its quality management system is certified to ISO 9001:2000 and ISO 14000 01. The development of an optimised management system for the City of Vienna’s properties took about three years. The process was conducted in accordance with the principles of organisation development, taking into account the objectives of the organisation’s leaders as well as the needs of staff. All employees were involved in the formulation of the mission statement. With its innovative matrix organisation, MA 34 has clearly defined areas of responsibility, with special attention being MA34_01_Building Management

Number of employees: about 1,230 Number of properties managed: about 1,800 Total floor space managed: approx. 4 million m² New construction output: approx. EUR 150 million annually

given to integrated customer care and market-oriented billing processes. The users of the properties pay rent at marketlevel rates. As these payments are budgeteffective, they function as an incentive to municipal organisations to control office expenses more tightly, resulting in more efficient use of the available office space. The new property management system has been well accepted by MA 34’s clients who recognise and value it as a tool that supports them in their operations. For example, one central contact point has been established for schools to deal with questions and problems that relate to facility management. This effective one-stopshop model helps schools to resolve issues more quickly, enabling staff members of focus on their core tasks. MA 34 employs 38 property managers who take responsibility for the properties they are assigned. Within the organisation, they represent the clients and act as internal contract awarders. To ensure optimum customer service, a telephone hotline has been established which is open to clients at all times. There is an automatic call-back service in case of complaints so that clients can rest as-

Facts & Figures

Quality management system: certified to ISO 9001, Environmental management system: certified to ISO 14000 01

Award: Energy Globe Award 2004: Contracting for energy consumption reduction at the Hirschstetten Greenhouses of the Municipal Parks and Gardens Responsible department: Municipal Department for Building and Facility Management (MA 34)

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Saving energy methodically Contracting scheme for energy saving in public buildings The City of Vienna benefits in many ways from its long-standing experience with the energy saving contracting scheme. The City of Vienna’s Contracting Department offers advice to the districts on improving the energy performance of buildings, takes care of all contracting procedures from tender to performance assessment and makes sure that savings are effected as agreed. Energy savings of up to 50 per cent are feasible.

Examples for energy saving contracting ‹‹ The Hirschstetten flower gardens ‹ Details of the technical installation at the school at Reichsapfelgasse

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n Since 1997, the City of Vienna has engaged in contracting schemes for the financing of technical installations in buildings for the purpose of optimising energy saving. In-house technical facilities have a service life of approximately 25 years, after which they ought to be replaced. Under the energy-saving contracting scheme, expenses incurred by the improvement in the energy performance are re-financed from the energy savings within seven to 15 years, so that building owners need not make provision for extra capital outlays. The contracting department of the Municipal Department for Building and Facility Management (MA 34) identifies public buildings in Vienna with a high thermal energy requirement, outdated heating systems and low energy index. Once it is established that rehabilitation is economically viable, best-value offers are identified by requesting bids under the energy contracting scheme. The contracting company installs and maintains the technical facilities, e.g. the heating system, throughout the contracting period and guarantees achievement of the agreed energy savings. MA 34 gives advice to building owners and manages the contracting procedure, e.g. by adjusting the agreed energy savings, whenever alterations are made to the building or its use (baseline adjustment). This is designed to ensure that all agreeMA34_02_Energy Contracting

ments are honoured and that properly maintained installations will be available also beyond the actual contracting period. Clearly defined processes, precisely worded contracts and detailed account settlement regimes as well as contractual penalties for missed deadlines are critical elements of the contracting scheme. In 2007, MA 34 redesigned and substantially upgraded the energy-saving contracting scheme. The contractor is now obligated to perform specified mandatory tasks and knows exactly what basic requirements are to be met. These modifications facilitate handover of the installations to MA 34 at the end of the contracting period. Pooling tenders for energy-saving retrofits of several buildings increases the total order size and thus the chances of finding a competent contractor. The contracting scheme is especially viable if building complexes have energy indices higher than 100 kilowatt hours per year, and if the amounts to be invested are in the range of EUR 50,000. The absence of fixed project periods permits more flexible contract design, since not every component needs to be financed over the same period. The introduction of an open procedure – bid matching tender requirements equal contract – has made special agreements on the awarding of assignments under the contracting scheme superfluous.

Projects implemented since 1997: 55 Ongoing projects 2011: 42 Total energy savings: approx. 71,800 MWh Total CO2 savings: approx. 11,120 t Certified according to ISO 9001 and ISO 14001

Hirschstetten flower gardens: n Contract amount EUR 2.8 million n Annual energy savings approx. EUR 204,000 n Contracting period 13.7 years

Facts & Figures

School at Reichsapfelgasse: n Contract amount: approx. EUR 124,000 n Annual CO2 savings: 18.2 t n Annual reduction of energy consumption: approx. 24% n Annual energy savings: approx. EUR 9,000 n Contracting period: 13.7 years n Measures taken: Electric junction box exchanged Pumps and valves exchanged New control system (installed) Individual room control (installed) Thermostat valves (installed) Bulbs exchanged

Award: Energy Globe Award 2004 for the Energy Saving Contracting at the Hirschstetten flower gardens. Responsible department: Municipal Department for Building and Facility Management (MA 34)

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Hot and cold on demand Research project: solar-powered air conditioning With hot summers, the number of air conditioning plants being installed in Vienna has been on the rise for some time, and this has generated increased demand for electricity in the city. In order to counteract this trend, the Vienna City Administration is supporting research to explore climate-friendly cooling technologies. An example is the "solar cooling" pilot plant which uses solar energy to cool office buildings in summer and heat them in winter. The solar cooling project has a timeframe of two years. During this period, the operation of the pilot plant is being analysed and evaluated by the Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT). The main research objectives are to determine the efficiency and the usability under continuous operating conditions of the tested solar cooling system. The results of this pilot operation of a low-carbon air conditioning plant will be used for follow-up projects. ‹‹‹ Collector panels capture solar energy for heating and cooling ‹‹ Detail of the solar air conditioning plant ‹ Technical equipment of the solar plant

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n In recent years, Vienna has seen a significant rise in the number of air conditioning systems being installed to cool the interior of buildings. These systems use up a disproportionate amount of electric power. This is why the City of Vienna supports research into solar cooling technology in an effort to identify alternative air conditioning systems that will contribute to climate protection. Solar energy is commonly used today to heat up water and generate electricity. But in summer, the power of the sun can also be harnessed to cool buildings. The Municipal Department for Building and Facility Management (MA 34) has built a pilot plant for trial operation of a "solar cooling" system. The plant comprises about 34 square metres of solar thermal collectors, thermal buffer stores (heat and cold), an adsorption chiller and a heat exchanger. In winter, the system provides heating for 200 m2 of office space. In summer, the adsorption chiller uses the heated phase change medium to cool the office space. The adsorption chiller differs from other cooling technologies in that it uses a solidstate, highly porous adsorbent agent, which requires less input energy and can store heat as well as cold. MA34_03_Solar-Powered Air Conditioning

Construction costs: EUR 100,000 Air-conditioned office space: approx. 200 m²

Function of the solar cooling plant: When the system is run in heating mode, the medium in the solar thermal collectors is heated up by solar energy, carried to the buffer storage via a heat exchanger and used for heating the building and hot water preparation. When the system is used for cooling, the adsorbent agent in the adsorption chiller is heated, the water evaporates and returns to the liquid phase in the condenser. In the evaporator, the cooled-down water vapour is adsorbed and cooling energy generated. The buffer stores the cooling energy and releases it via convectors to the building interior as needed. The surplus thermal energy is released to the atmosphere through a cooling tower. The main advantages of this system are that the adsorption chiller runs on clean solar energy, that its energy consumption is low and that it provides thermal buffer storage for both heating and cooling. As no compressor is needed, the system generates little noise or vibration. There are only a few movable components so maintenance and repair requirements are low and this results in a low level of operational wear and tear.

Facts & Figures

Solar technology: n 32.4 m² of solar thermal collectors n 1,500 l heat buffer store n 1,000 l cold buffer store n 7.5 kW adsorption chiller n 20 kW heat exchanger n 200 W electric power line

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Building and Facility Management (MA 34)

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RUMBA gets things moving Guidelines for Sustainable Construction Site Management (RUMBA) Within the framework of the EU Life Project RUMBA, experts from Vienna’s municipal administration studied ways to manage construction sites on a more sustainable and ecologically friendly basis in the future. Three demonstration projects – "Road to Rail", "Sustainable Construction Site Management" and "Architect/Developer Competition" – served to analyse how effective certain measures, such as shifting from road to rail transport or pre-sorting construction site waste, proved in practice. Guidelines and recommendations for sustainable construction site management in Europe were then drawn up based on the results.

‹ Construction based on RUMBA guidelines – Thuernlhof construction site © PID

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n The construction industry accounts for about 30 per cent of raw material turnover, including energy costs. Building a single apartment in Vienna entails up to 60 heavy goods vehicle (HGV) trips, covering a total of about 2,800 kilometres.

Over the past few years, an average of 5,000 apartments have been built every year. This amounts to 300,000 HGV trips totalling 14 million kilometres per year. It was against this backdrop that the "Guidelines for Sustainable Construction Site Management (RUMBA)" project was launched by the City of Vienna in cooperation with public and private-sector partners. The scope of the project included developing guidelines, recommendations and solutions for sustainable building development, construction and renovation. The RUMBA guidelines are addressed above all to planners, building contractors, and public authorities. A three-part guidelines document presents measures, activities and potential controls for various types of construction sites, from large to small scale structural and civil engineering projects. Here are a few examples: n Linking sustainable construction logistics up with land use and zoning plans, such as agreements on efficient transport management or pre-sorting of residual building materials and waste at the construction site MA34_04_RUMBA

Adding sustainable construction site logistics criteria to calls for tender in the field of architecture and urban development. Making sustainable construction logistics a criterion for public subsidies and grants Ensuring that sustainable construction methods are already taken into account at the planning stage, for instance use of sustainable building materials, energy efficiency in construction design, ease of disassembly, and use of recyclable components. Making transport logistics planning compulsory to ensure ecological and efficient transport and construction site logistics as well as full communication with abutting owners; giving precedence to rail/water transport over road transport. Ensuring that material excavated on the site is reused on site and that pre-sorting facilities are set up allowing construction waste to be separately collected. Introducing measures for reducing noise and dust pollution. Appointing an environmental coordinator for the construction site.

The RUMBA Guidelines for Sustainable Construction Site Management are currently being applied in construction projects such as the new Vienna central railway station and the urban development project "aspern Vienna's Urban Lakeside".

Project under the EU Life Environment Programme Timeframe: 2001 to 2004 Total budget: EUR 726,405 EU funding: EUR 369,054 2004: publication and application of RUMBA guidelines Heavy goods traffic in Vienna: 2/3 building material transport Proportion of HGVs in construction site traffic: 99% Proportion of construction site traffic in NOx and particle emissions: 7-10% Building one apartment entails 60 HGV trips and between 2,500 and 3,000 km. A four-axle HGV (36 t) causes 30,000 times more road wear and tear than a passenger car. 13% of the Viennese population feels disturbed by construction noise. 75% of Vienna’s total volume of waste material is attributable to construction waste.

Facts & Figures

Potential environmental effects of construction site transport being handled according to the RUMBA guidelines: n Excavated material (per t): 90-100% reduction in km travelled by HGVs 54-67% reduction in air pollutants (NOx) 51-80% reduction in greenhouse gases About 50-100% cost increase n Pre-fabricated parts (per t): 93% reduction in km travelled by HGVs 54-93% reduction in greenhouse gases Cost-neutral n Waste disposal (per m³) 10-35% reduction in km travelled by HGVs 10-35% reduction in air pollutants (NOx) 10-35% reduction in greenhouse gases Cost-neutral Responsible department: Municipal Department for Building and Facility Management (MA 34)

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Sustainable City-Management Public building maintenance with SAP The City of Vienna is responsible for maintaining 1,700 buildings and 4,500 special objects such as historic monuments or fountains. Many of the buildings are public schools and kindergartens. Hence, safety tops the administrator’s priority list. In order to comply with all legal and practical requirements, the City of Vienna has recently completed its public building and objects maintenance programme with a special module of the SAP software. ‹‹‹ Vienna administers 1,700 buildings ‹‹ Progressive Public Building Maintenance with SAP software ‹ Every facility is digitally registered

n The Municipal Department for Building and Facility Management (MA 34) is in charge of thousands of facilities and appliances in 1,700 buildings and 4,500 special objects. The department’s responsibilities run the gamut from a kindergarten heating system to the bar in a court driveway to the elevator system in the City Hall. This means nearly 20,000 components – such as a gas furnace or a ventilation system – must be inspected according to legal provisions, overhauled regularly, and repaired if necessary. Until recently, the administration’s officials in charge of each component managed their areas of responsibility individually. Recently, in order to acquire the big picture, the MA 34 chose a hitherto uncommon solution in the public sector: the department maintains Vienna’s public buildings and facilities with a SAP PM module - software that is traditionally associated with the private sector. In the course of a year, all department officials fed the key data of all buildings and specific facilities or appliances into the SAP database. They also entered data on maintenance cycles and corollary and auxiliary processes such as inventory, purchasing, accounting and invoicing. The results have been positive. Firstly, the urban administration can now account efMA34_05_Maintenance SAP

ficiently for the required maintenance activities – an important condition in the legal context. Vienna’s public building and facilities maintenance is now represented and documented in a continuous and consistent manner, and thus controllable and transparent to auditors. Secondly, the quality in building maintenance has risen with the degree of automation of routine tasks, also resulting in shorter reaction times on the administrative side. Thirdly, all information is easily accessible now because the electronic system entails due documentation. And, finally, the records of all buildings and facilities enhance planning security and enable budget prognoses. Which maintenance tasks are in the pipeline? Which maintenance costs can be expected, and must therefore be anticipated in the budget? The comprehensive, system-supported handling of tasks has reduced the number of error sources dramatically – a particularly important aspect since many of the City of Vienna’s buildings are kindergarten or school buildings, where safety is the top priority. Three months before the due date for a certain maintenance task, the SAP system sends a reminder to the responsible official. If two months go by without any response, the task is elevated to “first escalation level”. If nothing happens still, the „second escalation level“ urges officials to take action.

The MA 34 maintains nearly 1,700 public buildings, or 4 million m² of floor space, as well as 4,500 special objects such as historic monuments, fountains, and pergola. Since 2009, the MA 34 maintains all these buildings and objects with SAP software. In 2011, for instance, nearly 6,000 maintenance tasks and more than 3,000 overhaul tasks need to be carried out.

Facts & Figures

In a given year, this department faces some 30,000 assignments – usually ad-hoc alarms due to pipe bursts or broken lifts, for instance. The number of employees in the area of duty and technical service (BTS) of this department: nearly 150, of whom 64 are in handicraft.

Award: The use of SAP (SAP PM) in public buildings management in Vienna has been selected as a “SAP Customer Success Story”. Responsible department: Municipal Department for Building and Facility Management (MA 34)

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Keeping an eye on the quality of bathing water Monitoring Vienna's natural bathing waters To keep the inhabitants of Vienna and the operators of bathing establishments informed about the hygienic situation of Vienna's natural bathing waters, water samples from the major popular bathing spots are analysed at two-week intervals during the summer season. The results of these analyses are entered in a laboratory information system and published online and in real time on the wien.at website. season, and they can view the most important test results and reference values (guide values and mandatory values). In addition to testing Vienna's bathing waters, the Institute for Environmental Medicine also monitors other bodies of water (both stagnant and flowing) in Vienna to collect information about the development of water quality.

‹ The Old Danube lake is one of Vienna's major bathing waters as defined by the relevant EU Directive

n The City of Vienna boasts a number of very attractive natural bathing waters. Among these, the most important are the Old Danube and Mühlwasser – two lakes which are cut-off former channels of the Danube river system – and the New Danube canal. Every year from the beginning of May to mid-September, the quality of these bodies of water is monitored for pollution at two-week intervals in accordance with EU Directive 2006/7/EC and water regulation BGewV (BGBl. II Nr. 349/2009) concerning the quality of bathing water.

state of the water samples. The bathing water quality of smaller lakes and pools which attract fewer bathers, such as the Badeteich Hirschstetten, Dechantlacke and Schillerwasser, is tested three times per year.

Water samples are taken at 17 locations that meet the definition of "bathing waters" as laid down in the EU Directive. Locally, the monitoring process is governed by the Bäderhygieneverordnung ("Regulation on hygiene in public bathing areas and swimming pools") and the Badegewässerverordnung ("Regulation on natural bathing waters"). The Institute for Environmental Medicine of the Municipal Department – Research Centre, Laboratory and Certification Services (MA 39) analyses the microbiological and chemical

As soon as the test results of a batch of samples become available, they are entered into a laboratory information system, which also stores data from drinking water tests. Operators of bathing facilities can access the system online at any time and retrieve the most recent sampling results. In addition, the test results are also made available to the general public via the wien.at website. Website visitors are informed on whether the major bathing sites covered by the EU Directive, as well as some other natural bathing waters, are deemed suitable for bathing in the current

MA39_01_Monitoring Bathing Waters

In addition to monitoring hygienic conditions, physical-chemical and biological parameters are tested to trace the long-term limnological development of the bodies of water. If quality problems do arise, counter-measures can be taken without delay.

Online bathing water monitoring – milestones n 1997 launch of the Internet site n 2004 Laboratory information system n 2006 web portals n Visits to the online information site on bathing water quality in Vienna: approx. 13,000/year Limit values for Vienna’s bathing sites subject to the EU directive: n Escherichia Coli MPN/100 ml (MPN: most probable number) Limit value: 1.000 MPN/100 ml n Enterococci cfu/100 ml (cfu: colony forming units) Limit value: 400 cfu/100 ml Equipment and methodology of the Institute for Environmental Medicine (IFUM Laboratory of MA 39) – examples: n Gas chromatography n Mass spectrometry n Liquid scintillation spectroscopy n Ion chromatography n Photometry n Bacteriology n Virology n Molecular biology n Microscopy n Ecotoxicology Responsible department: Municipal Department - Research Centre, Laboratory and Certification Services (MA 39)

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Facts & Figures

Mobile solution for light fitting evaluation LimeSpec – Measuring tool for characterising lighting systems and to explore sites of solar installations In Europe, about 14 per cent of total electric power consumed is used for public and private lighting. By 2020, the annual energy consumption for lighting in Europe will reach 40 terawatt hours, which is equivalent to approximately 18 million tonnes of CO2 emissions annually. The European municipalities are therefore required to implement the EU regulation of 2008 for gradually phasing out certain light sources. In future, they could be supported in these efforts by an innovate measuring tool for characterising lighting installations developed in Vienna. mean savings of approximately four terawatt hours of electricity annually and again, based on an average distribution of primary energy sources, a reduction in CO2 emissions of approximately 1.5 million tonnes or an equivalent of approximately EUR 50 million.

‹ Light laboratory

n Vienna is one of the few cities with its own light laboratory used to determine luminous and electrical engineering parameters of lamps and light fittings and inspect light systems, such as street and tunnel lighting. Lighting engineers at the City of Vienna’s responsible department, the Research Centre, Laboratory and Certification Services (MA 39), are also engaged in improving light engineering testing and measuring methods. In this context, the Municipal Department is currently involved in the development of a compact, portable and autonomous measuring tool providing detailed and time-saving evaluation of municipal lighting systems. The development of the tool, which is called LimeSpec, is funded within the New Energy 2020 research programme by the Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft (FFG), the Austrian Research Promotion Agency. Upon completion, the measuring tool will measure optical and luminous parameters together with variables, which reflect environmental factors relevant to the measurement such as, for example, temperature, global position, orientation of the optical axis or a photographic image of MA39_02_Light Engineering

the measured scene. The combination of spectrally dispersed indicators with integral indicators enables identification of the specific light fitting. The measuring tool will thus also be able to identify the age of the light and the degree of soiling on the light fitting. Weighting of the spectrally dispersed measurement with various evaluation functions allows, among other things, statements to be made regarding the degree to which nocturnal insects are attracted to the light. This provides municipalities with accurate information and detailed records on their street lighting. The recorded data can provide a decision-making basis with regard to the improvement or renewal of street lighting and the appropriate choice of locations for solar panels. Another field of application for LimeSpec would be the efficient establishment of a register of light fittings. In this way, light fittings of lower energy efficiency can be identified and, if appropriate, replaced by those of higher efficiency. Using LimeSpec, up to ten per cent of energy consumed by municipal lighting can be saved in the future. With about 58 million public lights in Europe, this would

Light laboratoy equipment details: n Goniophotometer: for light fittings as a basic requirement for correct lighting planning, for light and lamp development n Luminance camera: LMK mobile advanced, for rapid and simple capture of luminance images n Ulbricht globe photometer (1.5 m diameter): for absolute and relative light output determination of lamps and light fittings n UV-VIS Dr. Gröbel spectrometer: for calculating spectral parameters n Double monochromator 200nm to 3µm, Gooch & Housego n Climate chamber with natural convection, -25°C to +50°C

Facts & Figures

LimeSpec research project in collaboration with: n DI Luzian Wolf (principal manager) n DI Klaus Brenner (project partner) n MA 39 - PÜZ (project partner) Research project period and milestones: n 2009: Project draft and application to the Austrian Research Promotion Agency n 2010: Completion of the technical and optical design beginning of the test programme on two prototypes in the laboratory and field measurements n 2011: Completion of hardware and software development Completion of test programme and evaluation of project results Responsible department: Municipal Department - Research Centre, Laboratory and Certification Services (MA 39)

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The Energy Performance Certificate A tool to assess the energy efficiency of buildings The City of Vienna's construction engineers and energy efficiency experts have created a standardised software tool to assess and improve the energy performance of buildings. The Energy Performance Certificate provides reliable information on energy consumption requirements, and the standardised data formats facilitate comparisons between different buildings and apartments as well as planning for improvements. ‹ Multi-storey housing, Wilhelmskaserne

Methodological development has been an integral part of MA 39's mission since 2008; n between 2007 and 2009, MA 39 issued 2,500 Energy Performance Certificates for buildings in the City of Vienna. n

Facts & Figures

EPC project milestones: n 2004 – 2006 Participation in the preparatory groundwork at OIB Development of the first Excel tool for the first hearing process n

2006 – 2007

Drafting of standards Drafting of OIB guidelines

n The national transposition in Austria of the European Directive on the Energy Performance of Buildings (EPBD), which aims at improving the overall energy efficiency of buildings, necessitated the development of methods and tools to calculate energy performance parameters. Municipal Department - Research Centre, Laboratory and Certification Services (MA 39) and the Austrian Institute of Construction Engineering (OIB) cooperated in this effort and jointly developed an assessment tool – the Energy Performance Certificate (EPC). The EPC provides reliable information on the energy requirements of a building; it describes the construction and design of the building, intended usage and the "standard energy consumption" of one square metre of gross usable space, and proposes measures to improve energy efficiency. The calculation tool for the EPC is available free of charge on the website of the OIB. It is based on standard, easy-to-use software, which has helped to introduce the EPC quickly all over the country. Using the calculation tool, an EPC can be readily produced for any given building. Would-be buyers or tenants receive extensive and transparent information about the energy performance of the building in question and are thus better able to assess future energy costs. The EPC not only documents current energy consumption patterns, it MA39_03_Energy Performance Certificate

also contains information about energysaving potentials. Moreover, the use of the EPC has resulted in a harmonisation of national and local legislation pertaining to construction engineering. At federal level, a law has been passed requiring building owners to submit EPCs (Energieausweis-VorlageGesetz, EAVG), and in Vienna, provisions covering the EPC have been included in the city's legislation on housing subsidies and building rehabilitation (Wohnbauförderungs- und Sanierungsgesetz, WWFSG). In subsidised housing in Vienna, introduction of the EPC has resulted in a more economical and careful use of resources and increased energy-efficiency in new constructions. With a view to the implementation of the European Directive on the Energy Performance of Buildings (EPBD), municipal administrations can use the EPC as a fundamental tool to improve the energy performance of buildings and protect the world's climate, and as a useful instrument in strategic planning. The construction engineers and energy efficiency experts of MA 39 are currently working to develop this tool further for the implementation of the recently amended EU Directive, taking into account the economic viability and sustainability of construction designs.

2007 – 2008

Negotiations on the requirements for subsidised housing in Austria's provinces n

2008

Validation of the standards Preparation of an Excel training tool n

2009

Further development of standards Cooperation with future standards (e.g., "plus energy building") Further development of OIB guidelines EPC calculation tools: EPC for residential buildings with conventional heating n EPC for non-residential buildings with conventional heating n

Tools currently under preparation: n EPC for residential buildings with novel heating systems (solar energy and heat pump) n EPC for air-conditioned non-residential buildings with heating, cooling, air conditioning technology Service tools under preparation: Calculation of standard outdoor temperature n Calculation of standard temperature to avoid overheating in summer n

Responsible department: Municipal Department - Research Centre, Laboratory and Certification Services (MA 39)

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Up-to-date and digital The multi-purpose city map The Vienna multi-purpose city map (MZK) is a digital map with optimum depth of field that is updated in regular intervals. It provides its users – urban development planners, traffic planners, architects or property at regular intervals developers – access to the city’s topography, in up to three dimensions. As long as 25 years ago, the Vienna city administration decided to come up with a map offering a degree of accuracy equalling a scale of 1:200. Today, this map has become a major resource for planning and administrative activities in Vienna. Sections of the MZK can be ordered from MA 41 Customer Services or from the online shop via the Internet. This service is available both to private users (e.g. architectural firms, property developers) and public authorities.

‹‹‹ The multi-purpose city map - digital and up-to-date ‹‹ 3D visualisation provided by Vienna Surveyors ‹ View over Vienna's city centre

n The digital map of Vienna or MZK was developed to record the structure of the city with the objective of creating a map suitable for multiple purposes. MZK is a GIS-based tool that is used by Vienna’s municipal administration for planning purposes. It has scales of 1:200 to 1:100,000. Representing the latter scale requires some generalisations, for which you need suitable data gained from surveying and aerial photography. The digital map is produced in three steps: Terrestrial surveying of all the roads and streets: This involves the digital recording of the position and height of public traffic area boundaries (such as building contours, fences, walls, limits of green spaces) and street ‘fixtures’ (such as curb stones, water hydrants, masts, trees, rails, ironwork). n Photogrammetric evaluation: Existing aerial photographs are superimposed on current aerial photographs to check and, where applicable, re-evaluate map contents. Such contents include building contours, routes around trees, shrubs or groups of trees, footpaths, fences and enclosures, sealed surfaces. n

MA41_01_Multi-purpose City Map

Initial map preparation period: more than 10 years More than 3 million terrestrial grid points

Objects are encoded according to object class in order to permit users to select specific views. Cartographic editing: Texts and symbols are added to the map for supplementary information, standard output scales and sheet formats are prepared, and contours are linked up to form areas. n

The MZK forms the basis for several special follow-up products. One of these is the ‘area MZK’, in which contours are linked up to form areas, and land-use classes (buildings, roadways, pavements, etc.) are defined as an additional feature. Incorporating existing information on the height of buildings into this map produces a threedimensional structure model in which buildings are shown in the form of prisms. If information about roofs is recorded as well, this results in a 3D model of the city. The MZK and all of its follow-up products are updated every three years. The urban development bodies would not be able to act and react as quickly and flexibly as they do today without the MZK, since each new project would require separate surveying.

Facts & Figures

Aerial photography flight covering the whole of Vienna once a year Area to survey: 415 km2

2009 = 25th anniversary of completion of first MZK sheet Copyright: City of Vienna, MA 41

Responsible department: Municipal Department Surveyors (MA 41)

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A good view of the future cityscape Digital 3D model of Vienna With its digital 3D city model, the Vienna City Administration has an up-to-date tool for modern urban planning processes at its disposal. 3D modelling of the urban landscape can be applied in a number of different tasks. It can be used, for example, early in the planning process for a new building to determine and evaluate how the new structure will eventually affect vistas and lines of sight within the city. 3D models are also an important visual aid in discussions in participatory planning processes. In addition to these standard planning applications, there are specific issues which the model can help resolve. One example is an inquiry by the Vienna Ombuds Office for Animal Protection concerning the traditional horse-drawn carriages which are available for tourist rides at a number of points in the city centre. In this case, 3D modelling was used to determine how long the horses have to stand in the sun in specific locations. Another example is a proactive inquiry that wanted to determine the solar energy generation potential of Vienna's rooftops. ‹‹‹ The digital city map is the basis for 3D representations of the cityscape ‹‹ 3D model: view over the City of Vienna ‹ Detail of the 3D city model

The digital multi-purpose map – which had already been in use in the city since the 1980s – served as an ideal basis for the cost-effective development of the 3D model. Special software was used to convert the map's measurements of terrain elevation and building heights into threedimensional representations. The clear-cut objective of this process of data conversion was to develop a planning tool as opposed to a marketing tool. Rather than presenting pretty 3D views of Vienna, the 3D model was designed to provide an effective technical tool for planning processes. This is why timeliness of data is a top priority. Only data that can be regularly updated is included in the model. Updating is done in line with the three-year MA41_02_Digital 3D Model

revision interval for the multi-purpose city map. Every year, one third of Vienna's territory is surveyed, and changes are recorded. Additional data is provided by annual aerial analysis of the entire city territory. The height of forested areas can be exactly calculated with the help of aerial laser scans.

n n

Timeframe: Open-ended, from 2002 Number of buildings included in the model: 270,000, with over 640,000 individual structures

The 3D city model provides the following tools: n digital terrain model n model of buildings and other structures n model of the roof landscape (not yet for all of Vienna, completion is scheduled for 2015) The model data are available to any interested party. The customers of Municipal Department - Surveyors (MA 41) who can purchase data sets are other administrative units involved in planning processes, as well as private customers such as architects. The 3D city model can be used in a broad range of processes: n Analyses of different planning variants for a construction project n Visibility analyses, e. g. for high-rise building projects n Environmental planning (modelling of noise propagation, spread of pollutants)

Facts & Figures

n 3D modelling of Vienna first began in 2002. The required technologies had reached maturity by that point, and the City of Vienna was able to prove through a 3D model that a planned development project – the new central railway station, plus surrounding buildings – would not adversely affect the historic city centre and endanger its World Heritage status. As a result, the city government decided to adopt 3D modelling on a broad basis as a state-of-the art tool for modern urban planning processes.

Updating interval: one third of Vienna is updated every year

Responsible department: Municipal Department Surveyors (MA 41)

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Up on the roof Mapping Vienna’s solar potential The “solar potential cadaster” internet application shows the potential solar energy that could be generated by Vienna’s 240,000 roofs. The three outer districts of Donaustadt, Floridsdorf and Liesing possess, theoretically, the highest potential for solar use. How much electricity or solar heat could be harnessed on each rooftop? Is a photovoltaic or a solarthermic system preferable for that location? – A detailed map and list of first-best choices is provided online, cost-free, and tailor-made for each Vienna address through the Umweltgut internet platform. mainly found in the urban periphery, on the flat roofs of industrial buildings. Noise abatement walls, dams, and some public administration buildings are also good candidates for solar energy use. The best rooftop of Vienna is that of the “General Motors” building in the 22nd district. With its 130,000 square metre large, flat rooftop area, the building has the potential to produce electricity for 5,600 Viennese households. The potential of Vienna’s State Opera is tiny in comparison (while of course a theoretical exercise due to cultural heritage provisions): its rooftop has the potential to produce electricity for merely 120 Viennese households. ‹ The solar potential in downtown Vienna

n How much solar energy strikes my rooftop in the course of a year? How much electricity or solar heat could I produce for my own needs or for the general power network? Is it efficient to install a solar power generator even if my building is served by the district heating network? Do I need authorization from Vienna’s planning department? – Those are frequently asked questions surrounding the issue of solar energy systems on Vienna’s roofs. A new internet application provides a range of answers. A detailed cadaster of the city’s solar potential forms part of the Umweltgut internet platform, and it provides cost-free, digital and tailor-made answers on the best use of any roof in Vienna for green energy. The cadaster works just like a digital city map: an address is inserted, and the outline of the building is shown. Certain areas of the graphically indicated rooftop are coloured red or yellow. A “red” area exhibits 1,100 kilowatt hours (kWh) or more solar potential per square metre and year and thus has excellent potential for creating solar energy. A “yellow” area exhibits a - slightly lower – potential of 900 to 1,100 kWh per square metre and year, MA41_03_Solar Potential Cadaster

and also possesses potential for harnessing the power of the sun. In another, future application now in the works, one will be able to find out instantly whether a specific building is already connected to the district heating system of the City of Vienna. If that is the case, the use of district heat would be preferable to installing a solarthermic system, and a photovoltaic system would be installed. Legal concerns may impact such installations as well, and the digital map also provides some information on whether or not these come into play, be they provisions on environmental protection or construction protection areas. Other factors however, e.g. the technical condition of a rooftop, or cultural heritage provisions - are not included in the cadaster though becoming aware of them is imperative. Overall, more than 55 per cent of Vienna’s rooftops are suited for producing solar heat or electricity. This corresponds with an area of nearly 30 square kilometres, i.e. the area of the first, second, and third districts taken together. The potential for solar energy is

Vienna’s solar cadaster is an inventory of Vienna’s 240,000 roofs, their orientation, inclination and irradiation as well as the corresponding solar potential. Vienna’s solar potential cadaster is based on the analysis of 2007 highresolution ALS data (Airborne Laser Scan), which constitute an ideal data set to analyze the position of photovoltaic and solarthermic systems. In spring 2010, Vienna’s Municipal Department Surveyors (MA 41), the Municipal Department for Environmental Protection (MA 22) and the Municipal Department Research Centre, Laboratory and Certification Services (MA 39) carried out a comprehensive analysis on Vienna’s solar potential based on the ALS data. The solar potential cadaster is embedded into the Umweltgut internet platform, which provides information on the greening of roofs, on nature protection zones, and on eco-friendly businesses. The City of Vienna encourages the simultaneous greening and solar energetic use of a roof.

Responsible department: Municipal Department Surveyors (MA 41)

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Facts & Figures

The right tree in the right place The best trees for the city In an urban setting, trees have to meet special and stringent requirements to be able to survive over the long term and fulfil their numerous functions. Various circumstances, such as sealed surfaces or water stress, may have such a negative impact on growth conditions that only special types or species of trees are able to tolerate them. An authoritative list of street trees provides an overview of trees suitable for use in Vienna’s streetscape. ments are built. Locally sourced materials (sand, grit) are used wherever possible to ensure the substrate remains affordable over the long term and is produced with as little negative environmental impact as possible.

‹‹ Tree-lined avenue in Vienna ‹ Surface design incorporating a tree © PlanSinn

n There are some 100,000 trees to be found in the streets of Vienna, parks not included. These trees must all withstand challenging environmental conditions, which tend to aggregate in urban locations. As a consequence, trees that are to be planted in city streets have to meet the following criteria: n Minimum clearance profile: The tree’s particular type of crown development must allow pruning for minimum clearance requirements. n Form: In spite of the confined space available on city streets, the tree should be able to grow to its type-specific mature size without the need for excessive pruning. n The tree must be storm-resistant and, to some extent, also frost-resistant. n The tree must be able to tolerate other stress and strain it is exposed to in a street location, such as surfaces sealed by tarmac/concrete, extreme heat reflected by buildings, animal urine, road salt, or water stress. To provide an overview of trees suited for use in Vienna’s streetscape, a list was drawn up based primarily on empirical data gathered in Vienna itself. However, test results from other cities, mostly in Germany, were taken into account as well. MA42_01_Trees for a City

All the trees contained in the list meet the requirements for street trees. The most recent such list for Vienna dates from May 2008: it includes 29 trees (representing a total of 11 different species) and is binding for the municipal administration when it comes to planting trees in the streets of Vienna. The list is updated as necessary, for instance when the survival of a certain tree population is endangered, requiring its long-term replacement. The city administration is increasingly relying on a biodiversity approach in an effort to prevent a massive incidence of disease or infestation by pests in one tree species spreading to all other trees in a particular street. So, barring design considerations to the contrary, a mixture of several tree species will be planted in a given street in order to reduce the risk of high losses. It is not only suitable trees, but also suitable substrates that are needed to ensure optimal conditions for an urban tree population. The substrate must have a stable structure to ensure it is not compacted by exposure to traffic, which would deprive the tree’s root system of ground air ventilation. Ideally, to avoid compaction tree substrate should already be provided as a subsoil stratum when streets and pave-

100,000 trees in the streets of Vienna (not including parks) The first list of street trees for the City of Vienna was drawn up in May 2008. The list, which has binding character, includes 29 trees, representing a total of 11 different species. The trees are visually inspected by arboricultural experts once a year or as necessary.

Facts & Figures

Substrate used for trees: Subsoil: consisting of 67% grit 4/32 and 33% unwashed sand 0/7 n Topsoil: consisting of 25% grit 4/32, 25% humus and 50% sand 0/4 n

Partners: n Deutsche GartenAmtsLeiterKonferenz (GALK, German conference of heads of municipal parks and garden departments) n Gartenbauschule Schönbrunn (Schönbrunn school of landscaping) n Institut für Wasserbau (Vienna Institute of Hydrology) Responsible department: Municipal Department for Parks and Gardens (MA 42)

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Using water more than once helps save energy Saving energy through the use of an innovative filter technology in Vienna's public swimming pools The water in Vienna's public swimming pools has to be changed frequently, a process that consumes great quantities of water and energy. Novel filter technology is being used to reduce the water changing intervals, thereby saving 50 per cent of water and energy input while ensuring compliance with rigorous sanitary standards. Installation of the filters and supplementary energy-saving measures are carried out by private contracting partners who also guarantee that the equipment functions reliably and both water and energy consumption are reduced.

‹ Contracting for energy-saving measures at the Amalienbad indoor swimming pool

n n

n Contracting for energy-saving measures most frequently involves evaluating technologies used in building installations, such as ventilation, heating and the provision of hot water. Vienna's public swimming pools require huge quantities of heated and chemically treated water. To cover this need, the City Administration uses what it calls an "energy-saving contracting model". The first step in implementing this model was to invite a group of selected companies to participate in an ideas competition for a new technology that would effectively reduce water consumption. After the technology with the maximum reduction potential (a new filter system) had been identified, the contract was awarded and the new system installed in cooperation with the contracting partners. The new filter technology meets Vienna's rigorous sanitary standards. Although the water remains within the pool-filter cycle for a longer period than previously, the filter performance remains undiminished. As impurities and combined chlorine are effectively removed in each cycle, the water needs to be changed less frequently. The central element of the filter equipment is a sand filter with an activated carbon layer. In this filter, impurities that are dissolved in the water attach themselves to the surface MA44_01_Public Swimming Pools

of the sand grains and are thus removed from the swimming pool water. Combined chlorine is eliminated by the activated carbon layer, and most of the water can be fed back into the cycle after this process. The speed of the filter process is regulated through pressure control (overpressure/negative pressure). The filters are automatically cleaned by backwashing at night. The backwash water is subsequently cleaned, and heat is withdrawn from it by a heat exchanger before it is used for lawn sprinkling or discharged to the sewer system. The advantage of the new filter technology for Vienna's public swimming pools is that it reduces the need for water, energy and chemicals, so that both operating cost and the environmental footprint of the swimming pool are reduced. Installation and maintenance of the necessary equipment are financed by the contractor, and repayments are made by the City Administration (Municipal Department for Municipal Swimming Pools - MA 44) strictly in line with plant performance, i.e. the amount saved on energy and water. After the repayment period – approximately ten years – the savings become effective in the Municipal Swimming Pools budget.

38 public swimming pools 11 of which apply the "energy-saving contracting model" Total number of visitors per year: more than 4 million Capital investment of EUR 33 million in 2001-2011 Annual savings: approx. EUR 3,36 million; energy saved: 25,240 MWh; water saved: 705,225 m³ Reduction of water consumption: approx. 55% Reduction of energy required for heating: approx. 50% Reduction of CO2 generation: 3,733 t/year

Facts & Figures

Contracting procedure: Ideas competition (two-stage process, pre-selected group) n Jury decision (preset evaluation criteria) n 1-2 rounds of negotiations n Assessment by the committee awarding the contract n

Prizes and awards: n 2001 "Energieprofi" Award of ÖGUT (Austrian Society for Environment and Technology) for the Simmering public swimming pool n 2007 EU Energy Award (for the Floridsdorf swimming pool) n 2007 Best European Energy Project of the EU (for the Brigittenau swimming pool) n 2008 "Green Building Partner Award 2008" of the EU Commission (for the Floridsdorf swimming pool) Partners: Siemens n Cofely n Gesellschaft für Wassertechnik (GWT) n

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Municipal Swimming Pools (MA 44)

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Unique protection for Vienna The Danube Island and the New Danube canal – improved flood protection for Vienna Historically, Vienna was often hit by flooding when the waters of the Danube overflowed its banks. The first regulation measures to contain the water masses were undertaken in the late 19th century. To improve flood control further, work began in the 1970s on a canal – christened the "New Danube" – which was dug alongside the main river course; the excavated material was piled up to form a long, narrow island between the river and the canal. This man-made "Danube Island" has turned into a popular recreational area. In addition, the dikes on either side were heightened, so that Vienna would not be harmed even by a "10,000-year flood", i.e. a flooding episode of a magnitude which statistically occurs only once in 10,000 years. average every 10,000 years, and would remain largely unharmed by water inflows of up to 14,000 cubic metres per second. The area downstream of Vienna would also be safe from harm: the flood control measures in the city have been designed to avoid any adverse impacts of floods on lower reaches of the Danube. An agreement has been signed between Vienna, the surrounding province of Lower Austria and the Federal Republic of Austria concerning the remaining works which still await completion. These works are currently on their way.

It took 17 years to complete the New Danube and the Danube Island. Digging the bed for the New Danube involved excavating 28.2 million cubic metres of earth, most of which was used to create the 390-hectare MA45_01_Flood Protection

Danube Island. The New Danube is 21.1 kilometres long and has an average width of 210 metres. As the works proceeded, sections of the island were opened to the public, and observations made then were integrated into the plans for the final design and landscaping of the Danube Island. The City eventually decided that, in addition to serving flood control, the New Danube and Danube Island would be kept free from built structures and should be developed as a recreational area that would also bring ecological benefits. While the original layout had foreseen a strictly trapeze-shaped cross-section for the New Danube, the design was modified accordingly to create banks with a more "natural" appeal. Three sets of sluice gates control the water level of the New Danube. When the Danube carries high water, the three gates are opened according to strictly defined operating procedures, and the excess water masses flow into the New Danube, which can take up to 5,200 cubic metres of water per second. Gates 1 and 2 are used to control the level of the impounded water when normal operating conditions prevail (no high water). Except for a few work processes still awaiting completion, the City of Vienna is already protected against a "10,000-year flood", i.e. flooding of a magnitude which occurs on

‹ Aerial photo of the river Danube, the Danube Island and the New Danube © MA 45

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Projected maximum flooding: 14,000m³/s Danube discharge rate: 8,800 m³/s New Danube discharge rate: 5,200 m³/s Length of New Danube/Danube Island: 21.1 km Width of New Danube: approx. 200 m Width of Danube Island: 70 to 210 m Flood-free surface of Danube Island: 390 ha Length of cycling/walking paths on Danube Island: approx. 135 km

Facts & Figures

n In the past, extended periods of heavy rain have frequently resulted in flooding in the Danube region. Up until the 1970s, Vienna's 2nd and 20th districts, which are situated on the right bank of the river, suffered repeated inundations, and the situation for areas on the right bank of the river (district two and 20) was even worse. The Vienna City Council resolved in 1969 to improve flood control for the entire city, a decision which subsequently gave rise to new land use plans (adopted in 1979) and a new zoning regulation for the Danube area (2001) as well. The key elements of this undertaking were: increasing the height of the protective dikes, construction of a major new sewer along the left bank of the river, construction of the New Danube, the Danube Island and the Freudenau hydropower plant. Work on this massive project commenced in March 1972 and was completed in 1998 with the commissioning of the right bank of the river in course of constructing the Freudenau power plant. The completed flood control project now protects Vienna even against 10,000-year floods – a level of flood safety that is unique in Europe.

Construction project – key data: n Amount of material excavated for the New Danube canal: 28.2 million m³ n Portion used to create the Danube Island: 23.8 million m³ n Rocks used as bottom protection structure: 1.3 million m³ n Rocks for bank protection (riprap): 0.5 million m³ n Intake structure: 5 sluice gate sections, each 24 m wide n Sluice gate 1: 5 sluice gate sections, each 24 m wide n Sluice gate 2: 5 sluice gate sections, each 30.6 m wide Responsible department: Municipal Department for Water Management (MA 45)

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Good water quality for the "Old Danube" Clean-up and management of the "Old Danube" lake The Alte Donau ("Old Danube") is a flat, crescent-shaped lake of considerable size within the city limits of Vienna which has traditionally been used for a wide range of recreational activities. In the 1990s, its water became so nutrient-rich that an "algal bloom" of cyanobacteria occurred, greatly impairing water quality. Together with other measures, application of the so-called Riplox process helped to redress the situation quickly. A comprehensive water quality management regime was set up to ensure long-term good water quality for the Old Danube. The condition of the Old Danube lake is continually monitored. This enables a swift response in the event of changes, in order to lastingly secure the good state of the water.

‹‹‹ Old Danube lake ‹‹ Aquatic plants (Charales) ‹ Mowing boat on the Old Danube lake

Old Danube lake: n Water surface: 1.5 km² n Length of shoreline: approx. 17 km n Average water depth: 2.3 m n Deepest point: approx. 7 m (at "Birner Loch")

n The "Old Danube" lake is one of the former channels of the Danube river system which was cut off from the main water stream as a result of river regulation works in the late 19th century. With a surface of some 1.5 square kilometres and an average depth of 2.3 metres, it is a popular recreation area. As the Old Danube is a stagnant lake, its water is replenished only by subterranean aquifers as well as precipitation and evaporation. The fluctuations of the water level are much smaller today than in the past, with the upper impoundment of the New Danube canal as the main influencing factor. In the 1990s, a combination of inefficient wastewater disposal techniques (septic tanks and cesspits, inadequate sewers), polluted street runoff, groundwater contamination caused by a nearby former landfill and intensive use of the lake resulted in high nutrient loads which caused massive propagation of cyanobacteria ("algal bloom"). With the disappearance of aquatic plants, the situation deteriorated further, and the Old Danube eutrophicated. In an effort to reverse this situation, the Municipal Department for Water ManageMA45_02_Water Quality Management

ment (MA 45) took immediate action to restore the lake to its former equilibrium. Plans were developed to improve sanitation in the surrounding area, and the "Riplox" process was applied to treat the lake water. In this process, ferric chloride and calcium nitrate are injected in the water. The iron chloride precipitates the phosphorus that is responsible for algal growth. During the precipitation process, the phosphorus sinks to the bottom of the lake where the nitrate then helps its biodegradation in the sediment. Remediation of the nearby contaminated site, as well as extension and improvement of the sewer system in the area also contributed to the Old Danube clean-up. To ensure sustainable high water quality, MA 45 applies a sophisticated water management regime. Every spring, the water level of the lake is lowered to improve the growth conditions for aquatic plants and draw a greater inflow of fresh groundwater into the lake. The aquatic plants are direct competitors of the planktonic algae and are important habitat features, for example for young fish. Tall plants are regularly mown, and nutrients removed from the water with the cut-off plant material.

Water volume: approx. 3.5 million m3 Water level is lowered every spring (March–May)

Extensive monitoring to ensure good water quality

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Water Management (MA 45)

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Facts & Figures

Neptune cleans up waters Clean-up of a stagnant pool (Unteres Heustadelwasser) The Unteres Heustadelwasser today is a long, narrow pool of stagnant water, which is extremely rich in nutrients. To improve the water quality of the pool quickly, the City of Vienna has installed the so-called "Neptune plant" – a facility which removes organic matter and phosphorus from the water.

‹‹‹ The Heustadelwasser pool, a cut-off former Danube river channel ‹‹‹ Spraying nozzles ‹‹ Function of the plant ‹ View of the Neptune plant

n Once part of the Danube river system, the Unteres Heustadelwasser is today cut off from the river mainstream. Its water is extremely rich in nutrients, which leads to excessive growth of algae. This has frequently caused the oxygen content of the water to drop to dangerously low levels, in some cases even resulting in the death of fish populations. The Municipal Department – Water Management (MA 45) worked to identify counter-measures which would result in a rapid improvement of water quality. A decision was taken to install the socalled "Neptune water treatment plant" to reduce the nutrient content of the Heustadelwasser and effect a substantial clean-up. The Neptune plant removes organic substances and phosphorus, an important trigger of algal growth, from the water. The reduced level of algal nutrients keeps algal growth at bay. The working cycle of the "Neptune plant" starts with water from the Heustadelwasser, which is rich in algae and nutrients, being pumped up through an MA45_03_Neptune Plant

underground pipe to the surface of a gravel layer. The water is distributed to multiple nozzles and spray-dispersed over the gravel bed, which acts as a filter, much like the filters of water treatment plants. Through the spraying process, the water becomes enriched with oxygen so that aerobic bacteria can become active and digest organic substances and algae. After the water has trickled through the gravel layer, it passes through an additional special filter where residual phosphorus is precipitated. The cycle is closed with clear, low-nutrient water being discharged back into the Heustadelwasser pool.

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Reduction of phosphorus by up to 60%

Reduction of suspended solids by 90% Start of operation: May 2007

The "Neptune plant" has quickly solved previous problems with lack of oxygen, and substantial amounts of phosphorus have been removed from the water. As a result, 2010 witnessed a significant reduction of phosphor and plankton algae in the water, subsequently enabling the growing of submerged plants, which are competing with plankton algae for nutrients, in 2011. The next years will bring further improvements in the water quality.

Facts & Figures

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Water Management (MA 45)

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Safe roads for everyone Road safety measures Road safety is one of the key responsibilities of the Municipal Department for Traffic Management and Organisation (MA 46). The mid-term objective defined in Vienna’s road safety programme 2005-2020 is to halve the number of persons injured by 2020 and ultimately achieve the vision of "zero injuries". The measures implemented so far have already shown a positive effect – in the period from 2003 to 2008, the number of persons killed in road accidents dropped by roughly 40 per cent.

‹‹‹ Safe route to school maps ‹‹ Safe crossings - awareness-raising campaign ‹ Accident hotspots

n MA 46 is taking a variety of measures to improve road safety in Vienna: construction measures (building out the kerb, raising road surfaces), traffic management measures (traffic lights, road markings), trafficcalming measures, awareness-raising measures aimed at different target groups, and a systematic recording and analysis of accidents involving personal injury. A special accident database is used to store key information about traffic accidents involving personal injury, such as the type of accident, the directions where all the persons involved were driving or moving, the road conditions, or the degree of injury. What is more, the exact position of the site of the accident is marked on a specially coded street map. This helps identify locations where accidents tend to occur more frequently than in other places. These locations are then subjected to a detailed accident analysis, involving an on-site inspection and examination of the problems assumed to be present based on the accidents described in the database. The insights gained in the process furnish the basis for suggestions for improvements. Once implemented, the improvements are in turn subjected to evaluation so their efMA46_01_Road Safety

Number of accidents involving personal injury (1988; 2010): 7,004; 4,449 Number of persons injured or killed (1988; 2010): 9,021; 5,741

fectiveness in reducing traffic hazards can be assessed. Accident statistics provide information on how many people, broken down by age and gender, are being injured or killed in accidents as pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists or car passengers. So far, the statistics show that Vienna has succeeded in reducing the number of accidents overall, with the exception of those involving the elderly. This is why MA 46’s focus for this target group is on raising awareness and offering educational information on best practices in road traffic through leaflets as well as online. School children also constitute a group with a high risk potential in road traffic. In cooperation with accident insurance company Allgemeine Wiener Unfallversicherungsanstalt, MA 46 has been developing "safe route to school" maps since 2002 which not only show the safest routes, but also point out spots that require increased attention or should best be avoided. This broad range of improvement measures has given Vienna one of the highest levels of road safety in European cities today.

Facts & Figures

Number of accidents where motorcyclists were injured or died (1988; 2010): 473; 316

Number of cyclists injured or killed (1988; 2010): 481; 524 Number of pedestrians injured or killed (1988; 2010): 2,043; 1,079

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Traffic Management and Organisation (MA 46)

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Waltz and Ride Vienna by Bike In Vienna, the bicycle has become very popular beyond its uses for leisure and sport. For distances up to five kilometres, a bike is the fastest, most climate-friendly, health-enhancing means of transport. The City of Vienna has continuously improved its urban infrastructure for bicycle use and increased incentives for riding bicycles in the city for citizens of all ages. It is the ultimate goal of city administrators to raise the percentage of cyclists in Vienna’s overall urban traffic from currently six to ten per cent by 2015. Touristcard. 120 Citybike stations are planned to be at people’s service by 2014. Annually, several hundred thousand trips are carried out with these popular bicycles.

‹‹ Road markings for cycle lanes ‹ Public bicycle parking facilities © PlanSinn

n The City of Vienna offers excellent cycling routes. The route network currently covers more than 1,170 kilometres and is being continually upgraded by closing existing gaps in the system. The city’s administration aims to make cycling in the city ever more attractive and secure. Since 2002, the strategic position of cyclists towards other road users has been enhanced by a measurement system for ridership that includes a publicly accessible database. There are automatic bicycle counting devices at eight spots in the city of Vienna. These induction loops can detect bicycles (and also carbon bicycles) and differentiate them from pushchairs or online skates. The system allowed the city to discover that more than 7,000 cyclists pass the Vienna Opernring on certain peak days in the summer period. Such data is important for the City of Vienna so that it can respond to increased ridership with adequate construction or road organization measures. The risk assessment basis is founded on the capabilities of ten-year old children who deserve a safe traffic environment even if they have passed a bicycle examination which certifies them as legitimate road traffic participants. One such risk analysis, for instance, led to changes – through construction or markings – in several bike MA46_02_Cycling

lanes on highly travelled roads. Another analysis led to the designation of seven particular markings called “bicycle boxes” on complex road crossings, with twenty more markings to follow. They allow the cyclists to choose their lane in front of the cars while the traffic lights are red, and to then make a safe left turn.

A further ongoing project of the City of Vienna is the complete labelling of Vienna’s bicycle network. This means cyclists will be able to orient themselves in a network of signposts and ground markings that is similarly comprehensive to that which exists for car drivers. Yet another continuing measure is the construction of bicycle parking and service stations. In 2010, the City of Vienna has installed 10,000 new metal bars for parking and locking bicycles, thus increasing the total to 30,000 in the city area. In several public housing complexes, bicycle owners can already rent their own mini-garage in order to protect their bike from the weather and from theft. One highlight for Vienna cyclists is the cost-free Citybike rental system. Anyone can unlock a bicycle from one of multiple Citybike stations by registering with an ATM card, a credit card, or a Citybike

Ride and See: Visitors of Vienna can rent the yellow Vienna Citybikes for free via digital registration with their ATM card, their credit card, or their Citybike Touristcard. Information on the Citybike system can be found online. Ride and Ride: Cyclists can take their bike in Vienna’s subway for 50% of a full ticket price nearly around the clock. Park and Ride: There will soon be additional bicycle parking opportunities at Vienna’s train stations, inclu-

Facts & Figures

ding 300 additional lots in a new garage at the Westbahnhof (2012) and 1,100 new parking lots as well as a bicycle service station at the Central Station (2014). Two directions in a one-way street: Cyclists are allowed to take all directions in one-way streets in the Alsergrund and Floridsdorf districts and soon in Mariahilf, additionally. Test and Ride: In Austria, children (10 years and older) who want to independently participate in road traffic are required to pass an obligatory bicycle test. Buckle and Ride: Children aged 12 and under are obliged to carry a bicycle helmet.

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Traffic Management and Organisation (MA 46)

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Admission permits for coaches Event-related coach traffic scheme Vienna is a highly attractive city for tourism. It follows that many people book coach trips to Vienna and also tour the city by coach. The resulting traffic volume needs to be channelled and directed into an orderly flow. For peak times, such as the pre-Christmas season, the City of Vienna came up with an event-related coach traffic scheme, which greatly helped to keep coach traffic circulating smoothly. ment to use drop-off and boarding points specially designated for specific events. The Vienna coach traffic scheme and the special event-related solution markedly enhance the quality of visits to the city and help to protect the environment, since coach trips cause far less pollutant emissions than individual trips by cars. This is why the City of Vienna seeks to promote and to support coach transport by targeted measures, similar to the ways in which it promotes public transport. ‹‹‹ City tour bus in front of the opera ‹‹ Sign for coach parking lot ‹ Parking coaches in Vienna

n The Vienna coach traffic scheme, put in place in 2005, provided the basis for a coordinated approach to the problem. Under this scheme, a coordination unit was set up, where the Municipal Department for Traffic Management and Organisation (MA 46), the police, the Vienna Economic Chamber and the Vienna Tourist Board cooperate in the implementation of infrastructure and organisational projects. Tangible outcomes of these efforts are, inter alia, upgraded coach parking lots as well as boarding and drop-off points, coach facilitators at highly frequented boarding and drop-off points or coach terminals. The City of Vienna (Municipal Department 46), in consultation with the relevant partners from business, tourism and the police, is currently developing the basic principles for a revision of the existing coach traffic scheme, in order to be able to handle future coach traffic in a city-friendly way. The event-related coach traffic scheme, which was developed and implemented in 2007 on the basis of the coach traffic scheme, in order to cope with temporary coach traffic peaks on Saturdays in the Advent season, when pre-Christmas shopping and Christmas markets attract large numbers of day tourists, will be continually evaluated and adjusted in accordance with gained experience and new requirements. MA46_03_Coach Traffic Scheme

Coach access permits ensure that coach traffic will continue to move even at peak times. On specified days, coach traffic is, in principle, banned in Vienna’s inner-city districts (1, 6, 7, 8, and 9). Coaches bound for special events may, however, enter the districts, so that passengers can get off and on, provided they are equipped with a valid access permit which can be booked online in advance at wien.at. Since the number of permits is limited, advance online booking is obligatory. The coach access permit is keyed to the coach licence plate number and authorises access trips to specified boarding and drop-off points on the date indicated. During the day, coaches can be parked free of charge outside the inner-city zone. Information about availability and services can be accessed online by coach operators. The information service is offered in twelve languages, which makes it unique in Europe. The homepage of the City of Vienna also provides information about alternatives, such as the free coach parking lot at the Ernst Happel Stadium, from where visitors can conveniently reach the city centre via the U2 underground line. Special access permits for coaches taking passengers only to hotels, theatres, etc. within the above-indicated zone are issued directly by the Economic Chamber. These permits do not, however, include entitle-

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Start: December 2007 Number of event access permits available each Saturday during the Advent Season: 300

Facts & Figures

Number of coaches that entered the zone on the Saturdays during the Advent Season: approx. 800 to 1,100 1 coach carries about 20 times the number of passengers typically travelling by car

Responsible Department: Municipal Department for Traffic Management and Organisation (MA 46)

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Traffic management made simple Online application for road-related construction projects Construction sites are a common sight in large cities. They require approval and coordination to ensure that the normal flow of traffic is obstructed as little as possible for all concerned. The online application process developed by, the Municipal Department for Traffic Management and Organisation (MA 46), marks a milestone in the efficient and transparent organisation of a project approval process.

‹‹‹ Officially approved construction site ‹‹ Application workflow chart ‹ Coordinated construction work

n Section 90 of the Austrian Highway Code stipulates how construction works on or adjacent to roads have to be carried out. In Vienna, the responsibility for implementing these provisions rests with the Municipal Department for Traffic Management and Organisation (MA 46), with a case load of about 13,000 per year. The socalled ‘P90’process has been fully digitised since 2006 both for applicants and the municipal administration. Using a web portal, applicants can submit applications, query the status of processing, pay the relevant fees and charges using the city’s electronic payment service, and download official notices. The latter feature is based on an integrated, fully automated document creation system which supplies the necessary documents, such as permits, traffic regulation notices, or legal ordinances. Another key feature is data sharing with the construction site management system MA46_04_Online Application Road Construction

operated by, the Municipal Department for Road Management and Construction (MA 28), ensuring that public traffic spaces are not being dug up in quick succession (coordination of excavation works). The construction sites are recorded in the city’s Geographic Information System (GIS), which guarantees that the traffic situation display is always up to date.

Number of applications per year (2011): approx. 13,372

Facts & Figures

Of which concerning the primary road network (2011): 986 Of which relevant for traffic (2011): 334

The online system also makes it easier for the city administration to process applications. Some 300 standardised text modules are available to simplify data searches and ensure uniformly structured texts. This electronic approval process, one of the first genuinely end-to-end e-government processes in the municipal administration, won MA 46 the Amtsmanager Award in the "Traffic Management" category in 2006. The Austrian Economic Chamber presents this award to projects which implement innovative solutions aimed at improving administrative processes.

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Traffic Management and Organisation (MA 46)

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Less landfilling – more energy District heating and electricity powered by the Pfaffenau waste incinerator Since 2009, there has been a ban on the landfilling of residual waste in Austria. In Vienna, waste does not pose a problem but is used much rather as a source of energy for generating heat and electricity. At the new Pfaffenau waste incinerator, clean energy is generated from 250,000 tonnes of residual waste annually. The residues of combustion and flue gas filtration are optimally processed. Emission monitoring ensures that the applicable upper limit values are undercut by a significant margin. scrubbers and an activated coke filter plus a nitrogen-oxide removal system dedust the flue gas and filter out heavy metals, chlorine, fluorine, organic pollutants, and nitrogen oxides. The waste products from filtration are re-processed again, i.e. burned, stored or passed on to industrial plants. Continuous monitoring is effected with the help of two measuring probes fitted in the 80-metre chimney stack: Taken together, these measures account for the fact that the statutory limit values for emissions can be undercut by 90 per cent.

The Pfaffenau incinerator was the last to be added. It borders on the site of the main sewage and biogas plants and together they have been combined into the Simmering environmental centre – an international showcase project boasting three high-tech plants. Construction of the Pfaffenau waste incinerator was preceded by a comprehensive environmental impact assessment and an architectural competition advertised throughout the EU. After a construction period of two-and-a-half years, the plant became operative in September 2008. Vienna’s waste management scheme runs under the motto of “avoiding – separating – recycling”. The residents of Vienna separately collect waste paper, tinted and clear glass, metals, plastics, organic waste, and other existing substances. Waste collection vehicles transport the residual waste to the waste incinerators. Every day, up to 200 vehicles deliver 770 tonnes of residual MA48_01_Waste Incinerator

waste to the Pfaffenau waste incinerator, where it is stored temporarily in the waste bunker. To minimise odour hazards in the neighbourhood, the twelve loading openings can be shut with hatches. A manually operated crane moves the waste to the combustion furnace. After one hour of grate firing at a minimum of 850 degrees Celcius, the waste is reduced to less than 30 per cent of non-combustible residues. At the City of Vienna’s waste treatment plant, ferrous metals are removed from these ashes and slags with magnetic separators and non-ferrous metals with eddycurrent separators. The resulting residues are processed into ash-slag concrete which is suitable for landfill disposal and is subsequently taken to the Rautenweg landfill. The flue gas cloud, with a temperature of 850 degrees Celcius, is used to vaporise water in a sequence of empty flues and boiler flues and to drive an extraction backpressure turbine with a pressure of 40 bar. In addition, the heat of approximately 400 degrees Celcius is used to heat the boiler water, which is fed into the district-heating network. The four-step flue gas filtration is a key element in ensuring the ecological compatibility of the Pfaffenau waste incinerator. An electrostatic precipitator, two wet

‹ Aerial photograph of the Pfaffenau waste incinerator © ebswien

18,000 m3 waste bunker for up to 200 truckloads daily Disposal performance: 250,000 t residual waste/annum Combustion performance: 32 t residual waste/h Amount of steam (40 bar, 400°C): 100t/h 65 GWh/annum electricity for 25,000 households 410 GWh/annum district heat for 50,000 households The energy required to operate the plant is internally generated A workforce of about 40 people is in charge of ongoing operations Total investment approx. EUR 220 million Construction time: approx. 3 years

Facts & Figures

n The waste disposal system is designed for short collection and delivery distances. Vienna’s three waste incinerators, where residual and bulk waste is processed into electricity and district heat, have been judiciously placed in the North (Spittelau), West (Flötzersteig) and East (Pfaffenau) of the urban area.

The Pfaffenau waste incinerator generates electricity for approximately 25,000 households and heat for 50,000 households annually. Thanks to the sophisticated generation processes, the plant’s energy efficiency is as high as 76 per cent.

Responsible company: Wiener Kommunal Umweltschutzprojekt Ges.m.b.H Responsible department: Municipal Department for Waste Management Street Cleaning and Vehicle Fleet (MA 48)

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Precious Plastics Getting it all sorted: the KUSSO plastics sorting plant The plastics sorting plant KUSSO (short for KUnstStoffSOrtieranlage) transforms old plastic bottles into valuable input material. PET bottles are recovered as one step in an eco-friendly recycling scheme. Optimised collection with the help of the Viennese, high-quality sorting operations and collaboration with recycling companies – these are the secrets of KUSSO's success. The KUSSO materials are in high demand in the industry – understandably so, given that the recycling of pre-sorted PET bottles requires 60 per cent less energy than the production of new material. plant produces secondary raw materials which fully meet the needs and requirements of reprocessors. The KUSSO plant was designed by the experts of Municipal Department 48. After an 11-month construction period – during which the old sorting plant was still operating – it started operating in October 2007.

‹‹‹ KUSSO plastics sorting plant - automated sorting process ‹‹ Manual control of pre-sorted material ‹ Sorted material is baled and stacked prior to delivery to reprocessors

n The plastics sorting system KUSSO is one element in the closed cycle of collection – sorting – recycling.

ceived the Quality Award for Communities of the packaging waste recycling company ARGEV in 2007.

In 2005, the City of Vienna adopted a new strategy for the reclamation of mixed plastic packaging material, as its previous approach had become outdated in terms of technology and had resulted in an unacceptably high rate of sorting errors (up to 40 per cent). Under the new approach, only hollow containers – i.e. bottles – made of recyclable PET/HDPE are recovered through separate collection. This reorganisation of waste collection resulted in the need for new sorting methods, and the City Administration decided to establish a new, state-of-the-art sorting plant.

The sorting process Plastic bottles are sorted in the KUSSO plant in three stages: mechanically, manually and in an optical-electronicpneumatic process that uses near infrared sensors. The result is a 98 per cent pure mass of plastic bottles, sorted by colour (transparent, green, blue and PE mix), which are compressed into bales and sold to recycling operators throughout Austria. The reprocessing of the used PET bottles requires 60 per cent less energy than the production of new material.

The new approach has had dramatic effects on how the Viennese dispose of their plastic waste, bringing down the proportion of missorts in residential waste containers to below ten per cent – the lowest missorts rate in Austria. In recognition of this success, Vienna’s Municipal Department for Waste Management, Street Cleaning and Vehicle Fleet (MA 48) reMA48_02_Plastics Sorting Plant

Operating a plastics sorting plant only makes sense if recycling operations are available for further processing of the recovered material. Moreover, sorting operations have to be adjusted to the local situation and waste collection schemes. Combining high technological standards, economical operation and an efficient use of resources, the City of Vienna's KUSSO

Facts & Figures

Investment cost of plant extension: approx. EUR 4.5 million Throughput: 4 t/h

Annual throughput per shift: 8,000 t Throughput of automated sorting station: 3.5 t/h

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Waste Management, Street Cleaning and Vehicle Fleet (MA 48)

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Package of measures focused on cleanliness in public space Clean City Drive In a big city, thoroughly cleaned streets create a sense of security and well-being and thus contribute in a major way to residents’ quality of life. The Clean City Drive – a package of measures designed to increase and to ensure public cleanliness in Vienna – was launched with a view to upholding current standards in the city. An increase in manpower, more refuse bins, provocative PR and more personal responsibility on the part of residents will secure Vienna’s prominent position in the quality of living global city rankings. ‹‹ Street sweepers ‹ Refuse bins for different types of waste

“Clean City Drive” programme: n Start: beginning of 2008 n Length of street network that needs to be cleaned: 2,800 km n Street cleaning workforce: 1,200 More figures: n Over 15,000 refuse bins throughout the city n Over 2,000 dispensers of dog droppings collection bags n Over 420 trained Waste Watchers

n Keeping a city clean is a complex challenge. The City of Vienna consistently strives to further optimise its outstanding achievements (in the areas of street cleaning, counselling and information) and to get the city’s residents involved, with a view to mobilising their sense of personal responsibility. Monitoring systems and penalties come into play in cases of non-cooperation. The Clean City Drive is designed to improve the urban landscape and to heighten the awareness of residents. Selected measures forming part of the Clean City Drive n More personnel on the streets: the street cleaning service staff has been increased by 200 workers. n A mobile special unit, called Kehrforce (Sweeper Force), has been put in place: 30 people together with their vehicles stand ready to undertake non-routine tasks. n More refuse bins and self-service dispensers of bags to collect dog droppings. n Newly designed, more serviceable refuse bins. n “Kerb to Kerb” indicates that the previously divided responsibilities for cleaning streets and grass verges have now become the sole responsibility of the Municipal DeMA48_03_Clean City

partment for Waste Management, Street Cleaning and Vehicle Fleet (MA 48). Pilot scheme: “Mobile Collection Service for Hazardous Waste”. A pilot project is currently running in several districts of Vienna to test a mobile system of collecting hazardous waste, used cooking oil and electrical equipment. Information on where and when the mobile collection points will be operational can be obtained by residents via SMS or e-mail. Setting up a “Specialist Advisory Group for City Cleaning”: The group is composed of representatives of diverse entities responsible for cleanliness in public spaces and meets several times a year to discuss new developments and to resolve any questions about the responsibility for cleaning jobs. Wiener Reinhaltegesetz (Vienna Cleanliness Act) and the Vienna Waste Watchers: The Waste Watchers are monitors of public cleanliness who act in compliance with the Vienna Cleanliness Act of 2008. They pass on information and if necessary report people for offences (or can indeed collect penalties on the spot). PR work: For maximum PR impact, MA 48 has launched a colourful campaign designed with broad popular appeal in mind and using witty puns to attract attention.

Facts & Figures

Members of the Specialist Advisory Board: Authorities of the City of Vienna, Österreichische Bundesbahnen (Austrian Federal Railways ÖBB), Wiener Linien (municipal transportation network), Wiener Wohnen (municipal housing agency) and the Autobahnen- und Schnellstraßen- Finanzierungs- Aktiengesellschaft (ASFINAG – company in charge of motorways and expressways) Cooperation partner: MA 42 Award: In 2009, MA 48 was awarded the certificate for “outstanding street cleaning”, which attests to the quality of Vienna’s street cleaning services. Vienna was the first Austrian city to be awarded the certificate. Responsible department: Municipal Department for Waste Management, Street Cleaning and Vehicle Fleet (MA 48)

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The Waste Watchers Vienna’s monitors of public cleanliness Failing to bag dog droppings and to return shopping trolleys to supermarkets are offences that have carried significant penalties since “Waste Watchers” were instituted in Vienna: fines of EUR 36 are collected by the officers on the spot; in serious cases administrative penalties may amount to as much as EUR 2,000. So it pays not to be casual about littering and fouling public places! of dog owners in particular. In a public opinion poll conducted in June 2009, 43 per cent of those interviewed stated that thanks to the Waste Watchers there had been less fouling of streets by dog droppings.

‹‹‹ “Waste collection vehicle” ‹‹ Waste Watchers at work ‹ Dispenser of dog droppings collection bags

n Vienna’s “Waste Watchers” have been on patrol since February 2008. By now, the body of officers who report to the Municipal Department for Waste Management, Street Cleaning and Vehicle Fleet (MA 48) comprises 420 trained members. Working occasionally as full-timers but mostly on a part-time basis, they seek to make Vienna a cleaner city. To prepare them for their task, they receive specialised training in legal matters and conflict management. The dog-droppings problem, the purloining of shopping trolleys and the unlawful depositing of bulky waste within the town precincts are the main issues Waste Watchers have to deal with. In principle they follow preplanned routes, which may be spontaneously altered (e.g. in response to complaints). As a rule, Waste Watchers work in teams of two, seven days a week and occasionally also at night. MA48_04_Waste Watchers

Wiener Reinhaltegesetz (Vienna Cleanliness Act): in force since 1 February 2008

Waste Watchers carry blocks of penalty slips, identification cards and badges of office. When patrolling their rounds they wear either special uniforms or civilian clothes. In their capacity as public officers, Waste Watchers may reprimand people, collect penalties of EUR 36 on the spot or report people for offences carrying penalties of up to EUR 2,000. The statutory basis for penalties is the Wiener Reinhaltegesetz (Cleanliness Act) of 2008. After three years (February 2008-June 2011) the record was highly satisfactory. Till the end of June 2011 the “Waste Watcher” issued warnings to people in 6,338 cases, imposed EUR 36 penalities in 5,742 cases and reported people for offences carrying considerably higher penalities in 3,004 cases. There has been a noticeable improvement in the behaviour of residents in general and

Penalties: Reprimand EUR 0 Penalty ticket 36 EUR Filing of charges up to EUR 2,000

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Waste Management, Street Cleaning and Vehicle Fleet (MA 48)

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Facts & Figures

A Landfill Comes to Life The Vienna Sealing System The Vienna Chamber System, a method to secure groundwater supplies around landfill sites, is a household name among waste managers around the world. The system was first constructed 25 years ago at the Rautenweg site, Austria’s biggest residual landfill. The site has a reputation as a role model: Since 2008 the residual waste here is smell-and-dust-free because it was treated in incineration plants before. The methane gas still emanating from the residual waste of earlier eras is now transformed into electricity for 3,000 households. And the abandoned parts of the site boast a rich biota. The Rautenweg landfill has served as a model for many years now. Since 2011, there are guided tours throughout the summer upon advance reservation with the Municipal Department for Waste Management, Street Cleaning and Vehicle Fleet (MA 48) customer service hotline. The popular highlight of any Rautenweg tour is viewing the dozens of carefully kept Pinzgau mountain goats and several endemic types of animals and plants on site. Just recently, the MA 48 planted grapevine in the Eastern area of the site, and constructed a new sprinkle irrigation and extinction pond. ‹ Methane Gas Fountains: Electricity Production

n Vienna’s first known waste regulation dates back to the year 1560. In 1656, the urban administration first offered the public a waste removal system through a public waste carriage. Three-and-a-half centuries later, Vienna is still living up to its pioneering role in waste management as the city is one of few urban areas in the world that treats its entire waste volume within the city’s boundaries. One of the crucial elements of this forward thinking in waste management is the Rautenweg landfill. For many decades, it has served as the crucial, final destination of Vienna’s waste management procedures.

In order to protect the groundwater, the entire landfill is enclosed by two parallel sealing walls that reach down to the aquiclude layers. Coined as the Vienna Chamber System, the method has become popular to protect landfill sites worldwide. The wall system is divided into 49 sub chambers. Within this deep, vertical and underground fortification, a pump system keeps the ground water level lower than outside the construction. A hydraulic decline from the outside soil body to the landfill site’s body is created. The fortification is secured so that water might enter the landfill’s body externally, but no water can flow from within the chamber system from the outside.

The Rautenweg site has a landfill capacity of nearly 14 million cubic metres (as authorised by water protection regulations) and it has been adapted to the technology specifications of the Landfill Ordinance. Since 2008 and the inception of the third Vienna waste incineration plant of Pfaffenau, this site is used exclusively for residues from thermal waste treatment in the form of hardened, low-reaction ash/ slag concrete.

Since 1991, the city has used gas created by the landfill to generate electricity. Methane gas – some of which is still effusing from residual waste dumped here before the era of three Vienna waste incineration plants – is collected through 160 on-site gas fountains. The gas is then led through a ten-kilometre long conducting network, incinerated, and then converted by generators into electricity for approximately 3,000 Vienna households.

MA48_05_Landfill Rautenweg

The Rautenweg site hosts Austria’s largest residual waste landfill, Size: 60 ha Dumping volume per year: 200,000 t of incineration residuals Structure: Untreated residual waste from earlier decades form the lower levels of the landfill’s body. Since 2008 all of Vienna’s residual waste is treated in three incineration plants and the residual ash/slag mixture is dumped here.

Facts & Figures

Special Features: 25 years ago, the Vienna Chamber System has been constructed here for the first time. This underground sealing system has since been serving as an international model for groundwater protection in landfill sites. n The effusing methane gas is siphoned off in a controlled manner and transformed into electricity for nearly 3,000 Vienna households annually and onsite. This will continue until the methane effusion ends around 2020. n In the past 25 years, the City of Vienna managed to transform this site from a classical landfill site into an oasis with a flourishing biota. n

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Waste Management, Street Cleaning and Vehicle Fleet (MA 48)

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Closing the Eco-Cycle Vienna’s biogas plant Vienna has one of Europe’s most modern biogas plants, which digests and transforms more than 17,000 tonnes of organic waste (e.g. from food) into heat for more than 1,000 Viennese households. Residues left over from the process are turned into fertilizing compost for agriculture. The biogas plant has been a crucial element in closing the eco-cycle in Vienna’s waste management, and specifically in increasing the variety of energy-fromwaste products. agriculture. Closing the eco-cycle, and thus presenting maximum efficiency and sustainability in its waste-to-energy programme, has earned Vienna’s urban administration a lot of international attention.

n The City of Vienna is an international trailblazer in the production of clean (“eco”-) energy from waste. One example is the production of biogas for the district heating network. Organic waste – e.g. waste from kitchens or markets, or residues from the food and beverage processing industries – exhibits a high percentage of water. Hence such waste is a valuable energy source which can be used by a wet anaerobic digestion technology to produce biogas. In Vienna-Simmering in 2007, one of Europe’s most modern biogas plants was opened. In its first processing stage, it has been transforming 17,000 tonnes of organic waste into energy-rich biogas annually. The heat produced through biogas is fed into the Vienna district heating system. More than 1,000 Vienna households can thus be supplied with biogas heat annually. The procedure is a one-stage, mesophilic fermentation – appreciated for its simplicity and its stability: conventional waste lorries and special tank vehicles collect solid and liquid organic waste throughout town and bring it to the biogas plant. Solid waste is screened and then dumped into a 160MA48_06_Vienna’s Biogas Plant

cubic-metre large sunk silo, while liquid waste gets directly into an inventory silo. In several steps, the organic waste is extracted from possibly extraneous material, shredded, and mixed. Water is added. The resulting suspension is again cleaned before being heated to 70 degrees Celcius in special silos, according to European Union hygiene regulations. After one hour at the earliest, the suspension gets into the fermentation tank. A great chemical feast begins, as myriads of bacteria digest the organic waste under even temperatures in approximately 20 days and produce biogas as a metabolic side-product. After that, the biogas is desulphurised and it gushes into a reservoir – an eye-catching, large, white biogas globe. From there, the biogas proceeds to the boiler via a pressure increase station. Through incineration, the biogas heats water, which, in turn, is fed into Vienna’s district heating network. The 17,000 tonnes of organic waste fermentation leads to 2,500 tonnes of drained fermentation leftovers annually. These residues are used for the production of compost, which in turn are employed in

In various industrial scale digestion plants in Europe, organic waste is used as an energy source for biogas production. The City of Vienna has opened a digestion plant in 2007 to treat kitchen waste. The biogas plant is the third hightech ecologic waste treatment plant in Vienna-Simmering, where the Pfaffenau waste incinerator, the ebswien main wastewater treatment plant and the Biogas Vienna plant contribute substantially to Vienna’s ecologic and climate protection programme.

Facts & Figures

The Vienna biogas plant has a capacity of 17,000 t per year and the plant can extend its capacity in a second step to 34,000 t per year by increasing the operating time of the pre-treatment line and by installing additional equipment in a modular way. Already today, 1,000 Viennese households are supplied with heat from the biogas plant. The biogas plant digests not only organic waste from Vienna’s kitchens, but also organic waste that happens to be packaged: robots in the plant can tear packaging and sort out the organic waste needed for the production of biogas.

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Waste Management, Street Cleaning and Vehicle Fleet (MA 48)

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Vienna at a glance The Internet portal wien.at The City of Vienna offers a comprehensive, digital information service platform through its wien.at Internet portal. It is an innovative gateway to obtain information on events, public housing, ecologic data, budget details, and e-governance. Important aspects of this online platform are also available in English, Turkish, and Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian. The wien.at applications are universally designed, and they are available for use on a variety of mobile devices and platforms. A nomad appliance The mobile version of Vienna’s web portal is a hit with smartphone owners, presenting local information at any point of location thanks to a speedy text-only version. Comments, complaints, and technical malfunctions (e.g. a broken traffic sign) can be submitted instantly from the spot via an online-form, including uploaded photos or videos. The digital city map will also be included in the nomad version soon.

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Vienna's online services are exemplary

n It was as early as 1995 that the City of Vienna unlocked the potential of the cyberspace for public service purposes. Nearly two decades later, the City of Vienna is still a trailblazer in Europe in the fields of e-government and open government. The digital service for citizens and visitors alike has recently been relaunched, offering the following features: Vienna at a glance The main site of wien.at leads users from Vienna and around the world to general information on the city as well as specific services (e.g. the public housing scheme and the geo database.) The opening page of wien.at presents a variety of pages organized by themes, and thus creates a compact overview on all aspects of urban life. There is a gateway to Vienna’s universe of culture, and there are explanations on social and health policies. Most service items exist as audio files, but also as downloadable mp3-files or as mobile files e.g. for Twitter and Facebook. The multi-feature city map Vienna’s online city map is one of the favourites of wien.at users. It is often deMA53_01_wien.at

scribed as a pioneering application. As early as 1974, the urban administration started to build its first geo databases. Four decades later, anyone with a popular browser can use the virtual city map thanks to JavaScript. One can look for alleys or streets, or for specific addresses and the names of facilities. A sidebar allows one to check additional features in a certain neighbourhood, e.g. public transport, the current traffic situation, as well as nearby museums, schools, and public health facilities. Open Government Data Public data and services of the urban administration which are not subject to data protection are accessible thanks to the administration’s Open Government data policy. Fields of information include geodata, traffic data, ecology data, budget data, or statistical data. The new service underlines the administration’s commitment to transparent, participatory, and inclusive governance via outreach to the public and specifically to economic and academic sectors. The open government data gateway is a new sub-portal of wien.at.

The Vienna Internet platform wien.at offers online service pages on 600 items concerning urban life – e.g. online application forms for a parking permit, for a residence registration form or for public housing. One can even follow one’s position in the current listings for public housing distribution. More than 12 million users from around the world use the services of wien.at annually. The mobile application of wien.at counts approximately 55,000 unique clients a month, and up to 200,000 page call-ups. The most popular services are the city map and the event database. Another popular feature is the TV feature: in any given month, more than 150,000 users watch one or more of 1,200 uploaded Vienna video clips.

Facts & Figures

Awards: 2005 Justitia Award 2007 “Amtsmanager” Prize 2010 ebiz egovernment award Wien 2010 eGovernment Award for the most innovative eGovernment project for societal issues 2011 Special Award of the Public Sector Information (PSI) Alliance for the Open-Data Catalogue Responsible department: Municipal Department for Press and Information Services (MA 53)

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On solid ground City of Vienna real estate management The Municipal Department for Real Estate Management (MA 69) administers land totalling an area of about 20 million square metres and processes nearly all land transactions on behalf of Vienna City Administration. Between 550 and 650 real estate transactions are carried out annually on behalf of the city of Vienna. The city’s Real Estate Management Department maintains a purchase price database for land valuation purposes and the central real estate data collection’ containing all essential real estate information available from written documents and drawings. also building a new school campus in the form of a public-private-partnership project (PPP) on this plot.

‹‹‹ Rudolf-Bednar Park upon completion ‹‹ Rudolf-Bednar Park with residential building “Wohnen am Park” - Living by the Park ‹ Plot Rudolf-Bednar Park before commencement of construction © MA 69

In connection with its activities as official expert for real estate valuation and evaluation of appropriateness concerning the sale and purchase of real estate, MA 69 has built a comprehensive purchase price database – the ‘purchase price data collection’. It uses SAP software for budget management and controlling. The department’s controlling tool for contract management is based on the balanced scorecard (BSC), which illustrates the financial and structural development of the Real Estate Management Department using an indicator system. As the city’s transaction and real estate specialist, the department is responsible for the purchase and sale of real estate and handles all land register matters for Vienna City Administration. Land not needed by the city itself is let out, leased out or sold by the department. MA69_01_Real Estate Management

Land is sold based on the highest bidder principle. In 2009, more than 3,000 contracts related to building law matters and lease agreements were managed by the department. These also include specialised real estate such as underground carparks and allotment gardens. The department also maintains the central real estate data collection, which lists any relevant written documents and drawings related to the land. Graphic land data are accessible via the Grundstücks-Info-System (GRUGIS), land information system, on the city intranet to about 1,600 employees in 90 City of Vienna municipal offices. Over two million queries are placed on GRUGIS annually. Purchasing real estate enables the department to make land available for the building of urban infrastructures. MA 69, for example, bought a five-hectare plot at approximately six million euro and obtained the right to build on it in order to create social infrastructure at the 75-hectare North Station development area in Vienna’s second municipal district. On this site, the Vienna municipal parks and gardens office built Rudolf-Bednar Park with EU funds. The municipal building and facility management office is now

Facts & Figures

n Of the about 72,500 plots of land owned by the city of Vienna, MA 69 is in charge of some 22,000 with a total area of approximately 20 million square metres. This is approximately the size of Vienna’s second municipal district. The department assigns real estate to the various municipal offices according to need or use for their utilisation or care.

As of 2009 - City of Vienna plots: n 72,529 totalling around 583 million m² n Plots managed by MA 69: 21,780 totalling around 20 million m² n MA 69 handled more than 3,000 building law related and lease agreements in 2009

Rudolf-Bednar Park and school campus: n Total cost of real estate purchase and demolition work by MA 69: EUR 6 million n Total area about 75 ha n Park and school area about 5 ha n Park opening in 2008 n Opening of school campus scheduled for 2010

Responsible department: Municipal Department for Real Estate Management (MA 69)

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How to encourage top-quality architecture The Competition Guideline The quality of its architecture and urban landscape - both past and present - plays a major role in making Vienna a city with an excellent quality of living. Architectural and urban design competitions are a key means of maintaining this quality. The City of Vienna has drawn up a guide, the so-called Competition Guideline, which provides specific information about the public contract award procedure from preparation and selection to final contract award. The Competition Guideline is available as a printed brochure and can be downloaded from the City of Vienna’s website.

‹‹‹ Exhibition for architectural competition “Sonnwendviertel“ ‹‹ Call for competition - "Wilhelmskaserne" project ‹ Cover sheet for holding competitions

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n The City of Vienna aims to combine a high level of quality in terms of architectural design and utilisation with economic efficiency and sustainability, while at the same time making use of the greatest possible pool of creative talent. The city administration relies on different instruments to achieve this, including the procedure for architectural and urban design competitions, based on the rules set forth in the Austrian Federal Law on Public Procurement. A publication called “Grundlagen für die Durchführung von Wettbewerben auf dem Gebiet der Architektur und des Städtebaus” (Basic principles for conducting competitions in the fields of architecture and urban design), or “Competition Guideline” for short, was first produced in 2003 to provide a comprehensive and practiceoriented aid for preparing and implementing competitions. It was updated and reissued in 2008. The Competition Guideline defines the objectives and principles applicable to such competitions and offers its users (municipal departments or private investors) all the key information needed for all the stages of a public award procedure, with the main focus being on usability. What is more, the MD-BD_01_Competition Guideline

Competition Guideline clearly demonstrates the city’s attitude towards holding urban design and architectural competitions, which are considered to be a cornerstone of Vienna’s architectural culture. The Competition Guideline was drawn up by a core team consisting of representatives of the municipality of Vienna, the Executive Group for Construction and Technology, the Departments for Architecture and Urban Design, and for District Planning and Land Use as well as an external civil engineering and architectural firm. A number of other municipal departments - as well as the professional body representing architects and civil engineers in Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland - were also involved in a discussion and consultation process.

Created in 2002 Reissued in 2008 with the aim of improving usability and in order to accommodate an amendment to the Austrian Federal Law on Public Procurement.

Facts & Figures

Partners: Austrian chamber of architects and civil engineering consultants for Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland n Ingenieur- und Architekturbüro Hans Lechner ZT GmbH (external consultant, architectural firm) n

At the time of publication, the Competition Guideline was the only comprehensive and practice-oriented guide to competitions available in the field of public administration in Austria. At the international level, the most relevant aspect is the methodology used for conveying the principles of public tendering and the provisions of the EU Public Sector Directive.

Responsible department: Chief Executive Office - Executive Group for Construction and Technology (MD-BD)

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A fair share of the city Gender Pilot District Mariahilf The City of Vienna has committed itself to implementation of gender mainstreaming policies in its 2005 Urban Development Plan. The project "Gender Pilot District Mariahilf" developed model routines which enable the employees of municipal departments and district administrations in their daily work to make decisions which support all inhabitants of Vienna in their everyday mobility needs – regardless of life situation, age, gender and activity. The policy objective is to integrate a perspective of gender equality into all decisions. the pedestrian perspective. The project has successfully shown that the specific interests of different target groups have to be taken into account on a systematic basis to improve the usability and appeal of public spaces. ‹‹ Pedestrian-activated traffic lights at Kaunitzgasse ‹ Ramp for prams and push-chairs at Matejkastiege steps

Project timeframe: 2002 to 2006

n The project Gender Pilot District Mariahilf was launched in Vienna's sixth district in 2002. Its mission is to promote fairness and equal opportunities for women and men, girls and boys, young and old people in public spaces. An important concern of the project is to sensitise the employees of the city administration for gender mainstreaming issues, as they are the ones who, through their daily work, make many decisions that affect the usability of public space for different user groups. Different social roles and opportunities result in different needs, for example of those who do family work (which often means they will be out on the streets with prams and push-chairs), or those of elderly people with mobility restrictions, or those of the blind or visually impaired. Taking these and other different needs into account should become a routine process in the everyday work of the city's administrative staff. For this purpose, checklists were prepared to support the employees of the Municipal Departments in their efforts to scrutinise measures and their effects from different perspectives. The Coordination Office for Planning and Construction Geared to the Requirements of Daily Life and the Specific Needs of Women coordinated seven Municipal Departments, which have a role in urban deMD-BD_02_Gender Pilot District

velopment and urban planning for the sixth district. Travelling on foot in Mariahilf The basis of the project was a mapping exercise: the entire street grid of Mariahilf, Vienna's sixth district (total length: 27 kilometres), was mapped at a scale of 1:500, and the qualities and deficits were analysed from a pedestrian perspective. All pedestrian routes in the district were graded in one of three categories – neighbourhood routes, main routes, main connecting routes – depending on frequency of pedestrian use, presence of important institutions along the route, destinations of everyday life, and knowledge of the local situation. Measures aimed at improving the situation for pedestrians were prioritised in accordance with the grouping of routes in one of the three categories. This study, which is the only systematic paper of its kind in Europe, was published in a workshop report (Werkstattbericht Nr. 83, Gleiche Chancen fürs Zufußgehen im Gender Mainstreaming Pilotbezirk Mariahilf – "Workshop Report No. 83, Equal Opportunities for Walking in the Gender Mainstreaming Pilot District Mariahilf"). As a result of the Gender Pilot Process Mariahilf, urban planners and policy-makers are attaching greater importance to

Municipal Departments involved: n Architecture and Urban Design (MA 19) n District Planning and Land Use Central West (MA 21A) n Road Management and Construction (MA 28) n Bridge Construction and Foundation Engineering (MA 29) n Public Lighting (MA 33) n Traffic Management and Organisation (MA 46) n Market Authority (MA 59) n n

Facts & Figures

District size: 1.48 km2 Number of inhabitants (2007): 29,600

Measures taken – track record: n 60 street crossings n more than 1,000 m of pavements were widened n longer green phases for pedestrians at traffic lights n barrier-free redesign of public spaces n many additional seats n improved lighting for pedestrians in 26 locations n redesign of 3 public squares Responsible department: Chief Executive Office - Executive Group for Construction and Technology (MD-BD)

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Europe’s Railway Hub Vienna Central Station Vienna Central Station is the city’s largest contemporary infrastructure project. Three trans-European railway connections will travel through the new hub. Besides this new route, a new commercial quarter, a residential area, and a campus space are being built. The management team’s philosophy stands out for two reasons. First, the team has been approaching the project in a far-sighted, stakeholder-based and interdisciplinary manner. Secondly, environmental standards are high. More than 90 per cent of the broken-down material is recycled and re-used on-site. material in the project as it is dug-out and broken-off is recycled and reused on site. Another five per cent – e.g. glass or nonferrous metal – are brought by rail to special recycling plants. ‹ Vienna Central Station

n The design of the so-called Diamond Roof is as imposing as it is elegant. 5,000 tonnes of steel have been used for the trademark plaits of the new railway station’s roof, which spans the five platforms and ten platform edges like a gigantic sail. The station will begin partial use in 2012 and become fully operational in 2014/2015. The three trans-European networks (TEN corridors) that will use the station are: Paris- Bratislava (TEN 17), Athens-Dresden (TEN 22) and Danzig-Venice/Trieste/ Bologna (TEN 23). Replacing the two former neighbouring stations Vienna South and Vienna East, the new hub will be Vienna’s primary international station. For the first time in the history of conventional rail, trains will arrive from all directions and connect to all directions, bringing Central Europe’s cities closer together. Popular trips e.g. between Salzburg and Budapest, Wiener Neustadt and Bratislava or Linz and Vienna/ Schwechat (the airport) will soon be considerably shorter due to these new and direct connections. The Central Station project stands out for two reasons. One is the project management’s commitment to inclusive communication and to stakeholder and partner MD-BD_03_Central Station

relations. The project partners – the City of Vienna and Austrian Railways (ÖBB) – have been forging a corporate identity via joint presentations and events. The City of Vienna has embarked on a regular dialogue with private investors. Inside the urban administration, clear coordination and reporting lines keep the contributions of 25 to 30 departments together. An experienced civil servant heading the project team has organized its more than 120 singular projects and their point persons in a pyramid-like structure principle, maximizing efficiency and transparency alike. The project team has also been forging close relations with neighbours and citizens – via open days including for children, town-hall meetings, and a multi-media visitor centre with a panorama tower (“Bahnorama”).

2.5 km from the St. Stephen’s Cathedral. International railway station and a new urban district. The total area is 109 ha large, which equals the size of Vienna’s 8th district.

Timetable: n 2004 Master plan unanimously approved by the Vienna City Council n 2006 Submission starts; strategic environmental audit is carried out n 2012 (Partial) Start of Operations, Vienna Central Station n December 2014 Full Start of Operations, Vienna Central Station n 2019 Completion of the new urban district around the station

Facts & Figures

Sightseeing: n More than 130,000 visitors and dozens of professional delegations from around the world have come to the “Bahnorama” visitor centre in the course of its first year. 2 panorama lifts bring them to a 67-m high platform. The “Bahnorama” centre is open year-round. Sustainability: Direct links to several means of public transport; more than a dozen new or adapted bicycle lanes in and around the new train station; 3 bicycle garages with 1,100 parking lots.

Accessibility: Vienna Central Station is fully accessible to all patrons, also those with special needs.

The second unique factor in the Central Station project is its high environmental standards and strict requirements for investor participation. Geothermal energy and a CO2-plant, long-distance heating and cooling, and energy recycling elevators and escalators help turn the station into a conservation-friendly showcase in urban development. More than 90 per cent of the

Awards: Brunel Award 2011, n Bautech Prize 2011 (both for the “Bahnorama” centre) n

Responsible department: Chief Executive Office – Executive Group for Construction and Technology (MD-BD)

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A matter of self-interest: climate protection KliP – The Vienna Climate Protection Programme To be effective, climate protection policies have to be based on a holistic approach. With this principle in mind, the City of Vienna took action as early as 1999 by adopting a long-term policy framework, the Vienna Climate Protection Programme (KliP Wien), which sets out ambitious objectives for the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. A small, but efficient KliP Coordination Office was established to ensure that climate protection policies are implemented across all branches of the municipal administration. In December 2009, the City Council voted to extend the Climate Protection Programme until 2020. How the KliP Programme works The KliP Programme is omnipresent – KliP actions are integrated into many of the strategic policies and instruments of the City of Vienna, such as the Transport Master Plan, the Urban Air Initiative (ULI), the Urban Development Plan (STEP) and the Urban Energy Efficiency Programme (SEP). This "mainstreaming" of KliP actions enhances the effectiveness of KliP.

In 1999, the Vienna City Council adopted a comprehensive Climate Protection Programme (KliP Wien). More than 300 contributors from over 150 departments and organisations involved in the management of the city, including Municipal Departments, subsidiary enterprises and external organisations, participated in the drafting of the programme. KliP Wien listed 341 individual measures, grouped in five policy action fields: "district heating and power generation", "housing", "businesses", "mobility" and "municipal administration". The overall goal was to reduce Vienna's greenhouse gas generation by 2.6 million tonnes of CO2 equivalents per annum. In fact, by the end of 2009 the reduction achieved through climate protection measures had already reached 3.7 million tonnes p.a. Moreover, KliP policies contributed to securing 56,600 jobs. In December 2009, the Vienna City Council voted to extend the KliP programme until 2020 (KliP II). KliP II has set a new goal of reductions in emissions amounting to another 1.4 million tonnes of CO2 equivalents MD-KLI_01_Climate Protection Programme

p.a. and comprises 385 individual measures in five policy action fields: n Energy generation n Energy use n Mobility and urban structure n Procurement, waste management, agriculture and forestry, conservation of nature n Public relations Successful projects from the previous programme period are being continued under KliP II, and new policy themes taken up. These include remote cooling, solar cooling, a municipal energy efficiency programme and a programme for supply security. The Coordinating Office The KliP Coordinating Office was established as the driver and coordinating unit for the implementation of the Climate Protection Programme. Apart from a small core team, it is a "virtual organisation" that relies on a network of experts from the many diverse fields of urban administration and management. Every year, a four-day workshop is organised for intensive communication among the experts, with a dense working programme of reports and assessments on ongoing projects and future plans. In addition, interim meetings are held to discuss individual projects during the year.

‹‹ The Vienna Climate Protection Programme – specific public relations campaigns ‹ The Vienna Climate Protection Programme – sustainable energy supply © Mario Lang

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5 fields of action: Energy generation Energy use Mobility and urban structure Procurement, waste management, agriculture and forestry, conservation of nature Public relations 37 programmes 385 individual actions/projects Programme period: up to 2020

Facts & Figures

n By joining the international Climate Alliance in 1991, the City of Vienna committed itself to a sustainable reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, in particular of carbon dioxide.

As a result, greenhouse gas emissions were already reduced by more than 3.7 million tonnes of CO2 equivalents p.a. by 2009. The most notable successes were achieved in the extension of district heating systems, the increase of power plant efficiency, renewable energy use, thermal insulation of buildings and the extension and improvement of the public transport network.

Responsible department: Executive Office for the Coordination of Climate Protection (MD-KLI)

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Going online instead of waiting in line E-government Vienna’s e-government website (Virtuelles Amt) is open 24/7. A consistent appearance and a high level of user friendliness ensure that information is easy and quick to find. Vienna has opted for the Internet as the best-suited electronic channel for providing information to its citizens, as well as communicating and interacting with them. This approach not only frequently helps avoid cumbersome journeys to ‘brick-and-mortar’ offices, but also to save time and administrative effort. The big advantage for citizens is that they can decide for themselves how to conduct business with a public body – by fax, e-mail, online request or in person. What is more, such business can be conducted 24/7. The introduction of e-government has enabled the staff members of the relevant public authorities to focus more on their core business activities as their workload has been significantly reduced: there are fewer telephone enquiries to handle because citizens obtain information beforehand through the website and forms are submitted online or by e-mail. Austria was declared European champion in e-government for serveral times in a row; a major factor in this achievement were the e-government services offered by the City of Vienna.

The key features of Vienna’s e-government pages are user friendliness, accessibility, and memorability: n Information is grouped by life events to enable users to quickly find details about the service or services offered by the city administration without having to know exactly which specific department is in charge of a particular matter: - Personal documents - Society & social matters - Health & assistance - Sports & leisure - Culture and education - Environment - Business - Finance & funds - Housing & living - Traffic & transportation MD-OS_01_E-Government

The website also features a convenient search function as well as an alphabetical listing of all official services from A to Z. n The forms provided on the web pages are designed in line with accessibility principles to ensure equal access for all. The web editors strive to make all published texts as easily understandable as possible. n Memorability is an important factor for website users. Identical navigation bars, recurring logos, a consistent font and colour scheme, and a uniform structure make it easier for users to find their bearings. n Feedback forms help to improve the e-government website on a continual basis. The users can convey their opinion on aspects such as whether information is easily understood, quickly found and is comprehensive and complete in an easy and comfortable way. A unique feature that the website offers to users is the option of making online appointments for certain services (e.g., issuing of a passport, reservation of a barbecue site, etc.). Benefits of the e-government website: Both citizens and public service gain from e-government functions.

n n

Launch in 1999, current structure since 2010 Currently 8 options for making appointments online 600 help service pages 479,000 visits on E-government per month 8,700,000 hits are registered at wien.gv.at per month 190 online forms 52% of business registrations are already made online. Each such online registration results in time savings of about half an hour for the person registering the business and of one hour for the public service. The website is ‘open’ 24/7.

Facts & Figures

n The e-government website, which was developed by the City of Vienna in 1999, has been available in its present form since 2010. The website offers key information and instruction on how to conduct official business with both the Viennese and federal public services, a lot of which can be carried out online. All in all, citizens now have about 600 information pages and 190 online forms at their disposal.

Partners: Design: Illustree - Agentur für neue Medien CSS/HTML: Artware Tomas Caspers Accessibility design: web-tech coaching Responsible department: Executive Group for Organisation, Safety and Security - Information and Communications Technologies (MD-OS)

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Neu Marx – Where the future happens A new Vienna hub for global media, life sciences and technology The city’s former butcher’s quarter is currently transforming into a hub of global media industry, life sciences, and technology, with the number of workers in the district set to rise to 15,000 by 2016. Neu Marx is where film crews from India, pharmaceutical researchers from South Korea, and telecommunication experts from Germany are already beginning to work on new projects. Located a stone’s throw away from Vienna International Airport, the highway, the subway, and the city centre, Neu Marx is well situated to accommodate global professionals. ‹‹‹ The 19th-century Cattle Hall ‹‹ The Marxbox Building: Classrooms & Labs ‹ The futuristic T-Center building

Highlights of the Neu Marx Quarter: n Campus Vienna Biocenter (VBC): 67,000 m2 state-of-the art laboratories, 20 institutions and companies with 1,400 researchers and students from all over the world.

n Vienna’s former slaughterhouse district is currently a priority area in the city’s plans for new urban development. 40 hectares of space - approximately the space of 80 football fields – are now being transformed into a hub for the global media industry, the life sciences, and technology. By 2016, planners envision some 15,000 members of the media, scientists and workers in the technology industry working on new ventures in the Neu Marx quarter. Already today, more than 50 enterprises and institutions are operating in the district. Most professionals in Neu Marx are pursuing careers in the hot 21st-century industries such as media, research, and technology. Many of them have international backgrounds, communicate in English, and use Neu Marx’s plug-and-play infrastructure – for instance biotechnology labs or TV studios – on an as-needed basis. In Neu Marx, they find suppliers, synergy, and the necessary know-how all along the whole production chain – often in the form of public-private partnerships. Neu Marx could thus be described as a managed business cluster. Professionals from a freshman student to a distinguished researcher, and companies from entrepreneurial start-ups to traditional publishing houses already see incentives to move in and join an already burgeoning atmosphere. Neu Marx Standortmarketing_01_Neu Marx

This marketplace of ideas is also mirrored in the architecture of the Neu Marx district, which juxtaposes ancient landmarks and futuristic new buildings. Most prominently, Vienna’s first soft steel construction – the 19th-century cattle hall from the former butcher’s centre – contrasts sharply with the futuristic “T-Center” building by distinguished Austrian architect Günther Domenig. Furthermore, a nearly 200metre long car park nestles underneath the concrete lanes of Vienna’s main highway, while lush, young trees freshen up the red brick facades of the Neu Marx Media Cluster. The cluster consists of the large MQM3 media centre, as well as the historic buildings MQM1 and MQM2. The latter are both preserved sites of historic interest – just like the cattle hall and the cattle gate – and have been equipped with state-of-the art technology e.g. fiber-to-the-desk cable applications. The quarter’s name, by the way, is not related to Karl Marx. Rather, it stems from Saint Markus, whom a local chapel had been dedicated to in the neighbourhood. From the mid-19th century for more than 100 years, the area had been known for Vienna’s slaughterhouse and its main cattle market.

Facts & Figures

Marxbox: 12,000 m2, including labs, offices, and a polytechnic for molecular biotechnology Media Quarter Marx, MQM 1, 2 and 3: Austria’s largest media centre, including TV- and film studios and creative industry companies. Two buildings are renovated brick buildings and historically preserved monuments. Cattle Hall: Vienna’s first soft steel construction by architect Rudolf Frey, built from 1878 to 1898, nowadays used as an event location.

Awards: n The T-Center designed by Günther Domenig was awarded the Grand Austrian National Award for Architecture and the Chicago Athenaeum International Architecture. This building is seen as a crucial cornerstone for the future identity of the Neu Marx area. The T-Center hosts the headquarter offices of T-Mobile Austria and T-Systems. Responsible company: Neu Marx Standortmarketing GmbH

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Four countries, one region, one geodataset Regional cooperation and CentropeMAP The joint development of the CENTROPE Region (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, and Austria) is conditional on the availability of harmonised, trans-border geodata. CentropeMAP was developed at the request of Planungsgemeinschaft Ost (Planning Association East PGO) and is being continually upgraded. The project helps overcome barriers and consolidate and promote the region’s role as a competitive player in Europe. ate in the field of regional planning, has created an international platform, which by now also includes the Statistical Offices of Slovakia, the Czech Republic and Hungary. ‹‹‹ Improved regional cooperation and management of the region surrounding Vienna ‹‹ The CENTROPE region ‹ Vienna and environs

n Decision-makers in politics and the economy depend on the availability of highquality geodata infrastructure and of effective tools for spatial analyses. CentropeMAP is a trans-border information system for the CENTROPE Region. Users can retrieve maps online from storage servers distributed throughout the region and combine them into an overall map. CentropeSTATISTICS complements CentropeMAP and provides harmonised statistical data at NUTS-3 or municipal level, which can be downloaded or used on the CentropeMAP portal to draw up maps and diagrams. Interactive trans-border geographical statistical data CentropeSTATISTICS comprises a large number of cross-regional (CZ, SK, HU, A) data primarily on the following issues (as at 2011): n Population: absolute values total/male/female, five-year age groups n Births, deaths n Immigration, emigration n Land use by categories PGO_01_Regional Cooperation

The charts and diagrams of CentropeSTATISTICS are not only based on these raw data, but also on a large number of pre-calculated indicators derived from these data, such as per capita figures or area-related values. The major tables provide annual figures from 2001 onwards, while the other tables are intended to compare the results of the Europe-wide census of 2011 with the census data from 2001 and 1991. The CENTROPE region requires a decentralised geodata management with interoperable systems and format, based on international standards and taking account of the needs of those involved. Therefore, CentropeMAP is based significantly on the provisions of the European INSPIRE (Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community) Directive and ensures compatibility with future developments. Platform for the integrated development of trans-border geodata infrastructures With CentropeMAP/Centrope STATISTICS, the Planning Association East (Planungsgemeinschaft Ost – PGO), an umbrella under which the federal provinces of Burgenland, Lower Austria and Vienna cooper-

The CENTROPE Region comprises: Vienna Lower Austria Burgenland Southern Moravia Bratislava Trnava Györ-Moson-Sopron (Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia)

Facts & Figures

Project timeframe: CentropeMAP has been in place since 2003 PGO cooperates with: Statistics Austria, IT-Department, MA 27, Lower Austria, Burgenland, Vienna, Transport Association Eastern Region (VOR), and local communities through the regional contact points

Responsible department: Planning Association East (PGO)

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The PUMA is on the run Environmental management programme implemented within Vienna’s Municipal Administration (PUMA) PUMA is an environmental management scheme under which all the Municipal Departments are to carry out environmental management measures. Every year, a core team defines measures designed to improve the ecological profile of the City of Vienna’s departments and offices, the latter being responsible for actual implementation. With the PUMA scheme, the City of Vienna wishes to set an example of environmentally responsible behaviour, to be followed by the population and by companies. Beyond calling for (and fostering) protection of the environment, the idea is to practice it also within the City’s own internal sphere of action. people accustomed to ventilating offices by opening windows fully for short periods and to switching off lights). The advantage lies in the fact that success is tangible within relatively short periods of time, which boosts staff motivation when it comes to implementing additional measures. With the PUMA scheme the City of Vienna has set an example of environmental protection to be followed by the population and by companies.

Introducing and implementing environmental management schemes is mandatory for all departments. The “PUMA core team” is in charge of the programme strategy and of providing substantive support to the schemes devised by the departments. The PUMA scheme follows a cyclical annual pattern: For each year the core team comes up with a blueprint for the environmental programmes of all the departments. The blueprint lists measures relating to waste management, mobility, energy, buildings, water, and procurement (most of this last area is taken care of by the “Vienna EcoBuy” programme). The measures focus on awareness raising, on upgrading energy and resource efficiency and on helping to achieve the climate protection goals set by the City of Vienna. They Umweltanwaltschaft_01_PUMA

are couched in general terms and addressed to all the departments. Department-specific measures are listed in a separate chapter of the environmental programme. The department heads endorse the content of the programme and see to its implementation (by PUMA representatives) in their departments. At the end of the PUMA year, each department hands in an environment report to the PUMA-programme management, with a detailed account of how the measures were implemented. Smooth communication between the PUMA core team and the departments is of the essence if the programme is to work throughout the administrative system. The same objective is pursued with several, special networking events (“PUMA Forums”), which offer opportunities for intensive information exchange and for involving the PUMA representatives in the ongoing programme development. The PUMA programme is inherently transferable. In each and every case it has to be implementation-oriented and should, in its early stages, be aimed at optimising awareness and internal processes at low cost (e.g. avoiding standby energy consumption by using switchable power plug strips, getting

‹‹ Waste separation at the Viennese Municipal Departments ‹ Workshops on PUMA are held in the departments © PlanSinn, Wiener Umweltanwaltschaft

Project timeframe: under way since 2005 Resources: central budget of EUR 100,000 Sphere of action: PUMA is implemented in all the municipal departments and municipal district offices.

Facts & Figures

n PUMA, the environmental management programme for Vienna’s Municipal Administration, has been in place since 2005, previous projects existed since 1996. The objective pursued with the PUMA scheme is to introduce and implement environmental management throughout the municipal administration. Pertinent organisational measures in all environmentally relevant spheres of action are expected to consistently generate improvements and cost savings.

In 2000, a PUMA pilot project run in an administrative building was awarded an “EcoManagement and Audit Scheme” (EMAS) Certification.

Cooperation: primarily with the “Vienna EcoBuy” programme and with the “Urban Energy Efficiency Programme” (SEP) Responsible department: Vienna Ombuds Office for Environmental Protection (Wiener Umweltanwaltschaft)

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Out of sight, out of mind How Vienna deals with contaminated sites Just like many other cities, Vienna has to confront its "legacy" of contaminated and brownfield sites. Since the 1980s, the city has developed a register of contaminated sites, conducted soil tests and prioritised sites for containment and remediation measures. In 2009, a total of 25 confirmed contaminated sites were registered in the Vienna atlas of contaminated sites, and investigations were conducted on behalf of the Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, the Environment and Water Management to determine the status of another 38 locations suspected of contamination. Remediation work begins in 2011 on the last of Vienna's "big brownfields", the premises of the former gas works in the district Simmering. These installations are managed by WGM in compliance with the specifications laid down in administrative decrees. To this end, WGM uses state-of-the-art monitoring and control technologies. The automated installations are controlled via remote data transfer. The systematic registration and investigation of suspected contaminated sites continues, and remediation action is taken wherever necessary. ‹‹ Aerial photo of the Simmering gas works ‹ Cutoff wall construction

n Vienna began to build a register of contaminated sites in the 1980s, followed by a clean-up of the first eight of these sites. In 1989, federal legislation was adopted (Altlastensanierungsgesetz, "Law on the Remediation of Contaminated Sites") to provide funding for remediation works. Suspected contaminated sites are registered in Vienna in a register called WASTL (short for Wiener Altlastenstandorteliste). With the help of this register, major contaminated sites have been identified and included in an ongoing remediation drive. Most of the earliest identified sites were large-scale, uncontrolled dumps of household and commercial waste, as well as former industrial premises that had been contaminated during fighting in the war. Containment measures were applied to ensure that they no longer pose an environmental threat. To contain the sites and guard against groundwater contamination, the socalled "Vienna Chamber System" has been developed, whereby the site is surrounded with a double line of cutoff walls, divided into chambers by transversal barriers, to prevent any releases of noxious substances. The system is highly effective at reasonable costs, and the tightWGM_01_Contaminated Sites

ness of the cutoff wall chambers can be checked at any time during construction and operation. Containing contaminated sites by surrounding cutoff wall systems and protective wells to regulate groundwater levels is a standard solution. More recent innovations are horizontal filter wells for the elimination of contaminated groundwater and funnel-and-gate systems. One of the major current remediation projects concerns a petrol storage facility near the Danube (Zentraltanklager Lobau). An ecologically and economically optimised programme to contain and secure this site has been developed by Wiener Gewässer Management GmbH (WGM), a subsidiary company of the City of Vienna, in cooperation with the competent departments of the city administration, representatives of the Danube Wetlands National Park and Kommunalkredit Public Consulting GmbH. Part of the site is being surrounded by cutoff walls, and protective wells are being installed to protect the groundwaters of the Lobau wetland area against any release of contaminants from the site. In addition, a former channel of the Danube river system, which had fallen dry, has been reactivated, and a protective isolation barrier was installed in the nearby port.

Contaminated site treatment: n 25 brownfield/contaminated sites in Vienna n 52 suspected contaminated sites

Facts & Figures

Contaminated site at the Lobau port petrol storage facility: n Cutoff wall: 3,200 m long, up to 70 m deep n 8 protective wells, depth: 20 m n Drainage ditch: 650 m long Working principle of the funnel-andgate system: In this system, the groundwater contamination plume is captured in a vertical barrier element – the funnel – and forced to flow through a gate that is filled with a reactive agent, which renders the contaminants harmless. Responsible company: Wiener Gewässer Management GmbH (WGM)

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A Valuable Asset aspern Vienna’s Urban Lakeside The integrated design of public space is the backbone of forward-looking urban development. “aspern Vienna’s Urban Lakeside” is a project of new dimensions. The 240-hectare project area makes it Europe’s largest urban development project and a city within the city. Quality and cooperation rank at the top of the agenda. process, building on its findings. There is a service and information centre on site offering citizens special access to information. n

The project has a prime location at the centre of the economic growth region CENTROPE – on the Vienna-Bratislava axis: Bratislava’s central station can be reached within 28 minutes and Vienna airport within 15 minutes. With the being constructed hook-up to the underground (U2 line), journey time from the city centre to the Urban Lakeside will be 25 minutes. aspern will constitute a new centre for Vienna’s 22nd municipal district and will provide new economic impetus for the region by creating new jobs. The successful planning and development process has been characterised by: n

Responsibility: The real estate development company Wien 3420 AG was founded to develop aspern Vienna’s Urban Lakeside as an urban centre at the heart of CENTROPE. It is a subsidiary of Wirtschaftsagentur

Wien3420_01_aspern Urban Lakeside

Wien (Vienna Business Agency) and Bundesimmobiliengesellschaft (BIG, Federal Real Estate Company). To facilitate cooperation with Wien 3420 AG, the City of Vienna has established a project management function at the construction management office. n

Cooperation: The master plan for the Urban Lakeside was created by the Swedish architect Johannes Tovatt, in coordination with Wien 3420 AG, the departments of the City of Vienna and citizens’ representatives. It was an intensive and important process, which ultimately set clear goals for all involved. Also, in-depth strategic documents such as the planning manual “Partitur des öffentlichen Raums” or a mobility guide were developed jointly with (inter)national experts. Participation and involvement: Citizens were involved in the development of the master plan and the preparation of competitions. A multi-stage, transparently organised branding process was developed based on the master plan. Urban planners and stakeholders defined both the target group expected to live at the Lakeside in the future and the positioning of the appropriate work-life balance theme. The aspern Vienna’s Lakeside brand is a continuation of the

Areas of Expertise: Experimental model developments based on defined basic conditions were elaborated in cooperation with universities and teams of architects. The developments proposed by students and architects provided valuable information for the development planning and in-depth definition of quality criteria.

n n

Size of project area: 240 ha, of which 100 ha are net building land, 9 ha of lakeside park in addition to a 5-ha lake Number of apartments: 8,500 for 20,000 people Number of jobs: 20,000 Public transport connections: rapid transit, regional railway, underground, tram

Facts & Figures

n aspern Vienna’s Urban Lakeside will be built on the former Aspern airfield in the northeast of the city by 2028. aspern covers a project area of 240 hectares with a five-hectare lake at its centre. In the future, 8,500 housing units will accommodate 20,000 people. Furthermore, 20,000 jobs will be created in the fields of service, trade and industry, science, research and education.

Quality assurance: To create a quarter marked by quality, quality criteria to strenghten urbanity, sustainable mobility, mixed use or preservation of resources were defined in guidelines related to the site. Wien 3420 AG only awards land to investors whose projects take account of the quality criteria defined. An advisory board for quality assurance supports and monitors project selection.

Chronology: From 2012: first properties will be ready for occupation n 2013: Opening of the underground link to aspern Lakeside n 2016: Hook-up to urban motorway n

Responsible company: Wien 3420 Aspern Development AG

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Vienna Energy Service – a one-stop shop Energy services and knowledge provided by Wien Energie Wien Energie GmbH, the Vienna energy utility company, offers products and services in the area of energy and facility management to municipalities and companies throughout Austria and in neighbouring countries. The company’s services provide sensible economic and ecological solutions, which promote energy efficiency and save costs.

‹‹ Hydroelectric power plant Greifenstein ‹ Solar panel at the Hugo-Breitner-Hof

n n n n

n Wien Energie, as a municipal enterprise, supplies electricity, gas and heating to approximately two million customers, 230,000 industrial plants and more than 2,000 public buildings and 4,500 agricultural businesses in the Vienna area. The company is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Wiener Stadtwerke Holding AG, the holding company owned by the City of Vienna. Strategic far-sightedness and commitment to sustainability are a matter of course for Wien Energie. One of the objectives is to develop infrastructures and environmental measures in conurbations using innovative methods, such as for example the ‘Vienna Model’, which combines waste recovery with power and district heating production and has attracted international attention. The company has worked in a liberalised energy market for more than ten years and possesses competence in all areas of energy services. The focus is increasingly on ecologically-sustainable energy sources. The amount of green electricity is planned to rise from 400 to 800 megawatt hours in 2020. In this context, Wien Energie has Wien Energie_01_Energy Service

been active in the field of small hydroelectric power plants, wind energy, geothermics, biogas, photovoltaic and biomass plants, as well as district heating and district cooling. In addition to providing energy services and energy counselling, Wien Energie is also responsible for waste recovery, building maintenance, telecommunications, energy efficiency and advisory services. The Wien Energie House was established as an information and advisory centre for individual customers. Wien Energie’s business customers are small and medium-sized enterprises, large companies and municipalities, requiring services such as maintenance work, regular plant checks, energy management or the maintenance and repair of municipal lighting.

5,493 employees Sales EUR 2,496.6 million EUR 289.3 million invested 1,200 km of optical fibre cable for telecommunications Installed total capacity of 1,988 MW electrically and 3,271 MW thermally

Examples for international projects: Energy concept for the Romanian city of Tirgu Mures, Organic communal heating for the Bavarian town of Oberstaufen

Divisions: Production, distribution, energy counselling and energy efficiency services, telecommunications (Business year 2009/2010)

Awards: City of Vienna Environmental Award 2008 for the "district cooling" project n National Prize 2009 for engineering consulting for cooling systems for 380-kV power lines n Climate Star 2004 for the utilisation of renewable energy at the Nussdorf small hydroelectric power plant n

Wien Energie consists of the following divisions: n Production of electricity and heat n Distribution of electricity, natural gas and heat n Other areas: Energy counselling and energy efficiency services, telecommunications (under the brand: blizznet), energy and facility management

Facts & Figures

Responsible company: Wien Energie GmbH

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Turning waste to energy Vienna's waste incinerators supply district heating Vienna's traditional waste management approach is to use solid wastes and sewage sludge as input materials to generate energy. The city's waste incinerators are fitted with state-of-the-art combustion and flue-gas treatment technology to supply energy for space heating and hot water while reducing CO2 emissions and the need for landfills. below the permissible maxima for wastewater, before being eventually discharged into the Danube Canal again. All waste-toenergy plants operated by Wien Energie Fernwärme, the city administration's district heating company, have been certified as environmentally sound operations with respect to ecology, quality, workplace safety, and in accordance with EMAS II. With the Spittelau waste-to-energy plant, the City of Vienna has demonstrated that it is indeed possible to build a waste incinerator in a central location, and what's more, turn it into a tourist attraction because of its interesting architectural design. ‹‹ The Spittelau waste-to-energy plant is a tourist attraction ‹ Combustion chamber

n Waste incineration with thermal recovery for district heating has been practiced in Vienna for 40 years. The Flötzersteig incinerator in the western part of Vienna was the first plant which operated on this principle. Commissioned in 1963, the Flötzersteig facility was originally designed to provide space heating and hot water for nearby hospital complexes. By now, Vienna's district heating system has expanded to some 1,100 kilometres of pipelines supplying heat to private households, public institutions and businesses. One third of all households in Vienna – currently 320,000 apartments – and over 6,000 institutional customers draw on the system for their space heating and hot water needs. The energy supplied in the business year 2009/2010 amounted to some 5,869 gigawatt-hours. Water is carried in the system pipelines at a temperature of 150 degrees Celsius and fed into the heat exchanger substations of district heating customers; there, it heats up the hot water which circulates in the buildings' heating system. The energy output of four waste incinerators – Spittelau, Flötzersteig, Pfaffenau and Simmeringer Haide (the latter for hazardous wastes and sewage sludge) – covers the basic energy needs of customers, and at times of increased demand, Wien Energie_02_District Heating

additional heat is supplied by heat-power cogeneration plants in Simmering, Donaustadt, Leopoldau and the refinery in Schwechat south of Vienna; moreover, gasand oil-fired boilers are available at various locations for peak-load periods. The system generates 132 kilograms of carbon dioxide per megawatt-hour, which compares favourably with gas- or oil-fired heating systems (260 kilograms and 400 kilograms, respectively). The minimum combustion temperature of 850 degrees Celsius and adequate flue-gas filter technologies ensure clean air. The Spittelau waste-to-energy plant generates about 40,000 megawatt-hours of electricity and 470,000 megawatt-hours of heat per year. This output is achieved by combustion of some 250,000 tonnes of waste. The combustion process leaves behind 60,000 tonnes of residual matter – scrap iron, ash, slag and filter cake – most of which can be recycled. Scrap is used in the metal industry, ash and slag are used in concrete production. Only the filter cake has to be deposited in an underground disposal site – a disused salt mine in Germany. Water for the flue-gas filter is pumped up from the Danube Canal; it is cleaned after use, and residual contamination reduced to values which are clearly

Wien Energie Fernwärme, business year 2009/2010 n Total sales volume: EUR 450 million n Heat sales: 5,598 GWh n Number of households: 318,000 n Number of institutional customers: 6,012 n Market share in Vienna: 35% n Total waste volume: 894,778 t n Employees: 1,195 n CO2 savings 4,2 million t annually (equivalent to about 3,150,000 small passenger cars)

Facts & Figures

Vienna's waste-to-energy plants: Spittelau: about 355.000 MWh district heating energy n Flötzersteig: about 451.000 MWh district heating energy n

Simmeringer Haide hazardous waste and sewage sludge incinerator: about 305,000 MWh district heating energy Pfaffenau: about 414,000 MWh district heating energy

Responsible company: Wien Energie GmbH

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Harnessing the power of wind, water and sun Projects focusing on renewable energy sources at Wien Energie Wien Energie aims to promote the use of renewable energy sources in energy supply. On the one hand, the aim is to secure energy supply both in the long term and in an environmentally friendly way and on the other hand to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. The focus is on the use of modern technologies, a range of various energy sources and an innovative approach to meeting customer needs.

‹‹ Photovoltaic plant at Vienna Technical Museum ‹ Nussdorf hydroelectric power plant at Vienna Danube canal

Renewable energy: n Production of about 730,000 MWh eco-electricity in 2009/2010 n on average about 2.6 million t of CO2 emissions less annually and n 99% less sulphur dioxide emissions n supply of about 400,000 household with eco-electricity, goal for 2020: 800 MW

n Wien Energie GmbH is committed to reducing fossil energy sources and focussing on renewable energy sources. The company runs a number of small hydroelectric power, wind, geothermal, biogas, photovoltaic and biomass plants. The company also focuses on forward-looking projects, such as the supply of district cooling. The Nussdorf hydroelectric power plant, located at a historic Art Nouveau site, features modern hydraulic power generation at low fall height. Hydropower is also very suitable for small power stations: Vienna Nußdorf, for example, provides 28,000 megawatt hours annually to some 10,000 households and received the Climate Star awarded by the Climate Alliance. As well as the plants in Vienna and Lower Austria, Wien Energie for example, also operates 31 hydroelectric power plants in Romania where Austrian know-how is to be used to increase production capacity. In 1997, the first wind wheel was set up at Danube island in Vienna. Today the eastern Austrian wind parks of Pama-Gols, Zurndorf, Unterlaa East and West and Steinriegel have a total capacity of 42.5 megawatt and supply 29,500 households annually with 73,600 megawatt hours. Electricity production starts from a wind force of approximately ten kilometres Wien Energie_03_Renewable Energy

per hour upwards, while weather-based production fluctuations are compensated from cogeneration of heat and electricity.

Facts & Figures

Wind energy converters: n Capacity of converters: 60 MW n Wind energy converters supply 51,000 households annually with about 126,600 MWh Water plants: Supply of 140 MW n Water power plants supply 308,000 households n

Geothermal energy is used for heating, cooling and power generation. The Vienna Hadersdorf secondary sport school, for example, has been provided with 144 megawatt per hour of waste heat from the Lainz railway tunnel since 2004 used to provide heating and hot water, and tunnel thermics are also used in the construction of the new U2 line extension. In Vienna, it is planned to supply the 240-hectare new urban development area ‘aspern. Vienna’s Urban Lakeside’ with a combination of geothermal energy and district heating. Since 2007, purified biogas from fermented corn, grass or forage turnips or from the processing of sewage sludge, slaughtered waste, liquid manure or waste cooking oil has been fed into the natural gas grid as part of a pilot project. Photovoltaic panels are used, for example, at the Natural History Museum, and the Simmering 1 Combined Heat and Power Plant has 311 square metres of solar panels. At the Simmering Forest Biomass Power Plant 144,000 tonnes of CO2 emissions are cut, as compared to fossil energy sources, by using forest biomass for electricity and heat production.

Biomass: n Biomass plant with 80% efficiency, saving of 144,000 t of CO2 n 75 loose m3/h of wood (ca. 24 t) burnt n 37 MW of district heat and 16.2 MW of power produced Solar surface: n Simmering 1 CHP Plant with 311 m2 of solar surface Responsible company: Wien Energie GmbH

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Cool energy for the city Extension of district cooling in Vienna About 80 per cent of all office space in the USA is air-conditioned – in Europe it is just under 50 per cent with an upward tendency. The production of district cooling responds to the growing demand for air-conditioning of buildings. Wien Energie Fernwärme, a subsidiary of Wien Energie, operates district cooling plants providing an environmentally friendly and economic solution. Large hospitals and office complexes are hooked up to the district cooling grid and use the resource-saving district cooling. control centre is planned at the location of the new Central Station. Further planned sites for refrigeration are the office locations Donau City (22nd district) and Wienerberg (10th district). A further extension of total district heating in Vienna to 200 megawatts is planned by 2020. ‹‹ Cooling pump at Spittelau district cooling centre ‹ Absorption refrigerating machine © Fernwärme Wien

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n Similarly to the district heating process, district cooling allows several buildings to be supplied with cooling for their air-conditioning systems from one central plant. Because of the predominant use of district heating in the cooling process, the primary energy need is only one tenth of that of conventional cooling systems. This technology allows conventional air-conditioners to be reduced and independence from seasonal peak power to be gained. Central cooling production is overall considerably more efficient that a number of individual small-scale solutions. In particular data processing centres with a constant need for cooling may find district cooling to be a reliable air-conditioning option – even during peak times in summer when individual cooling systems often have a limited capacity. District cooling is currently only offered in selected parts of Vienna, where demand from consumers is particularly high.

and the office building Skyline on Döblinger Gürtel street. This is done by cooling down water to six degrees in the refrigeration control centre at Spittelau. The power for the absorption and compression-type refrigerating machine comes directly from the adjacent waste incineration plant. The cooled-down air-conditioning cold water is transported in insulated pipes to the customer buildings and fed into their air-conditioning system. After having cooled the building, the water that has meanwhile reached a temperature of twelve to sixteen degrees is fed back to the refrigeration control centre, where it is again cooled down to six degrees. This process is performed in a closed circuit. Alternatively, some customers for example in the urban development area “TownTown” (3rd district) have their own refrigeration control centre which is supplied with district heating and produces refrigeration locally.

The Spittelau plant has a capacity of 17 megawatts, which corresponds to the cooling capacity of approx. 115,000 refrigerators. At present, the main users of district cooling air-conditioning include the Vienna General Hospital, department buildings of the Vienna University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences

Over the next few years, about 50 million euro will be spent on infrastructure extension by Wien Energie Fernwärme, the operator of the district cooling plants. Currently, for example, a separate refrigeration control centre is being built for the Social Medical Centre in Vienna’s Donaustadt district, and a large refrigeration

Wien Energie_04_District Cooling

Construction time for district cooling centre at Spittelau: 11 months Investment sum: EUR 10 million Capacity of district cooling centre at Spittelau 17 MW, which corresponds to the cooling capacity of 115,000 commercial refrigerators Capacity utilisation 2009 more than 80% CO2 production at Spittelau district cooling centre: 44 kg CO2 per MW refrigeration capacity CO2 production with heat and electricity from conventional sources: 100 kg CO2 CO2 production with compressor refrigeration with electricity from conventional sources: 290 kg CO2 Investment volume for the further extension of district heating: EUR 51 million Target for district cooling production by 2020: 200 MW

Facts & Figures

Awards: n City of Vienna Environmental Award 2008, n 3rd place Energy Globe Vienna Award 2010, n Alsergrunder Ökosiegel 2010, n EMAS Award 2010 Responsible company: Wien Energie GmbH

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From woods to Watts Forest biomass power station Forest biomass, a renewable energy source, is being used to generate green electricity and district heating at Vienna’s Simmering biomass power station. The cutting-edge facility achieves carbon-neutral energy generation, creates value in the region and reduces dependence on fossil fuels.

‹‹‹ External view of forest biomass power station ‹‹ Works on high pressure pipe in biomass power station ‹ Wood for the power station

n The Simmering biomass power station, which was built by Siemens Austria as general contractor from November 2004 to May 2006, has been in productive operation since October 2006.

Every hour, some 75 loose cubic metres of wood – which roughly equals 24 tonnes – are fired in the power station to generate 37 megawatt of district heating and 16.2 megawatt of electricity.

With an investment of EUR 52 million, the project not only generates environmentally friendly energy, but also provides an impetus for forestry operations in the region as well as safeguarding jobs.

From the steam boiler with a circulating fluidised bed, the steam is fed into an extraction condensing turbine to produce electricity and heat. Air supply control mechanisms prevent nitrogen oxide (NOx) from forming during combustion.

The power station supplies 48,000 households in Vienna with electricity and 12,000 households with district heating. Compared to a conventional thermal power station, it helps save some 144,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide each year. To operate the power station, the Austrian Federal Forests supply wood that is unsuitable for industrial use, which is ultimately also contributing to preventing infestation with pests, as it reduces the amount of dead wood remaining in forests. 80 per cent of the wood chips used by the power station are transported to Vienna by rail or road from within a radius of not more than 100 kilometres. Wien Energie_05_Biomass Power Station

In addition, ammonia is added to the flue gas and to the downstream catalyst in order to reduce nitrogen oxides back to nitrogen and water. The flue gas cleaning system is able to remove dust particles, heavy metals and acid gases such as sulphur dioxide, hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid.

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Drawing on local forest biomass makes the city’s energy supply not only more sustainable, but also more secure and reliable as compared to the use of fossil resources. What is more, the forest biomass power station stimulates economic growth both locally and regionally.

Some 48,000 households in Vienna are supplied with electricity, some 12,000 households with district heating Some 600,000 loose m3 or 190,000 t of forest biomass are processed every year, roughly the equivalent of 24 t/h Fuel thermal output: max. 65.7 MW

Facts & Figures

Fossil fuel savings: 72,000 t of hard coal, 47,000 t of fuel oil or 40,000 t of natural gas Overall power station efficiency: 80% Equivalent full load hours per year: 8,000 Total investment: EUR 52 million

Operating company (Betriebsgesellschaft Wien Energie Bundesforste Biomassekraftwerk GmbH) owned by: 1/3 Wien Energie, 1/3 Fernwärme Wien, 1/3 Österreichische Bundesforste Construction period: 2004-2006 Power station construction: General contractor – Siemens Austria Building and infrastructure – Bilfinger &Berger Steam boiler – Foster Wheeler

Responsible company: Wien Energie GmbH

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A powerful combination Vienna power plants work with combined heat and power (CHP) The principle of combined heat and power is simple and logical. With traditional thermal power stations the arising heat energy is only used for power generation. Heat-power cogeneration combines gas turbines, boilers and steam turbines and the energy is used both for power and district heat production, thereby doubling the efficiency of conventional power plants.

‹‹ Simmering 1 power plant ‹ Steam pipe lines from boiler to steam turbine at the Simmering 1 CHP plant

n The City of Vienna has for a long time relied on combined heat and power technology for power and district heat production. As the fuel energy is optimally used, considerably less fuel is needed for plant operation and thanks to that and also to modern filter technology air pollutants emissions are greatly reduced. The first combined heat and power plant was set up in Vienna (district Simmering) 30 years ago. In 2008, this plant was refurbished to make it state of the art with a combination of new construction and re-use of existing elements. With a capital expenditure of 300 million euro, two plants were built out of the original CHP station: the existing parts like steam turbine and generator, district heat extraction and transformer were combined with two new gas turbines and generators to form the Simmering 1 gas and steam turbine plant. Integrating existing components and part retrofitting the plant as Simmering 2 reserve plant meant that construction costs were reduced by 25 per cent. The new Simmering 1 plant and the Simmering 2 plant cover the energy demand of about two million people in Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland – even during peak load times.

Wien Energie_06_Combined Heat and Power

In a three-stage process, a significantly higher efficiency is achieved than was previously the case. Using natural gas as an environmentally friendly fuel, as compared to coal and heating oil, the gas turbine generator produces the major share of electricity. The waste heat is used to heat water which drives a steam turbine. This combination increases the efficiency of the power plant from approximately 42 to 57 per cent. A portion of the steam is additionally put aside for district heat supply. Whilst the combined heat and power reduces the electrical output of the steam turbine generators, the district heating capacity is increased five-fold. This increases the total efficiency to 86 per cent as the steam from power generation does not need to be separately cooled. The benefits of the Simmering 1 combined heat and power plants are clear. The new gas turbine technology provides higher exhaust gas temperatures and by virtue of the larger plant complex, the plants work more efficiently. Natural gas as fuel for power and district heat generation is optimally exploited while the CO2 and NOx emissions are considerably reduced in comparison to conventional gas power stations.

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Simmering 1: 700 MW electrical capacity, 450 MW district heating capacity Simmering 2 (reserve power plant): 60 MW electrical capacity, 150 MW district heating capacity 1.33 million t of CO2 annual saving (250 kg CO2 per MWh) and 1,850 t NOx emissions annual saving as compared to separate production of power and heat

Facts & Figures

55% less CO2 emissions than with a coal power plant Construction costs EUR 300 million (saving through integration of existing plant: more than EUR 100 million) Construction time 30 months, 400 construction and skilled workers employed

Delivery to grid 11 TWh Combined heat and power plant efficiency approx. 86% Gas power plant efficiency approx. 57%

Responsible company: Wien Energie GmbH

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Competence and service for customer comfort Energiecomfort – energy and facility management services Energiecomfort has been a service provider in the energy and facility management sector for 30 years now. Originally focusing on supplying heat, the company has continually developed to become a full-range provider of energy and facility management services, both in Austria and in neighbouring countries. Given the diversity of services Energiecomfort was offering in the energy sector, it was only logical for it to ultimately become a multifunctional provider of a whole range of related services, facility management among them. Energiecomfort has also expanded its energy efficiency services, offering consulting and implementation of measures for the efficient and reasonable use of energy. the existing 30 megawatt gas-fired boiler house. The plant, which is fired with regionally sourced wood chips, has an output of eight megawatts and supplies hot water to a whole city district during the summer months without having to fall back on fossil fuels. Plans for another five megawatt boiler for supplying another city district with hot water are already in the pipeline.

‹ Biomass heating plant at Oberstaufen, Bavaria

n Energiecomfort Energie- und Gebäudemanagement GmbH, a 100 per cent-subsidiary of municipally-owned Wien Energie GmbH, specialises in energy and facility management services, with an increased focus on renewable energy sources, such as biomass. The company makes its expertise available in Austria and abroad by publishing studies and concept papers as well as through managing construction projects (engineering, planning, construction). With respect to energy efficiency, one of its core areas of business, the company offers products such as "Energie.Optimal.", an innovative optimisation solution financed from energy savings. Energiecomfort currently has about 800 business customers and more than 20,000 private customers and employs some 200 people in Austria and roughly 500 more in its international subsidiaries. Energiecomfort started international operations in 2001, upgrading in-house control engineering and refurbishing and optimising the local heat-distribution network at Wien Energie_07_Energiecomfort

the first company it acquired a stake in, a heat supplier in Köszeg, Hungary. Meanwhile, the number of international energy partnerships has risen to nine, with subsidiaries for instance in Trnava, Slovakia, where the Austro-Slovakian joint venture TT-Komfort supplies heat and communal services, or in Oberstaufen, Germany, where a biomass-based decentralised heating plant opened in June 2009. In Slovakia, 50,000 apartments are supplied with heat, and more than 25,000 apartments are provided with facility management services. Energiecomfort contributes both funding and expertise to its joint ventures in Slovakia, Hungary and Germany, making its financing, distribution, controlling, marketing, IT and business management knowledge available to its partners. In times of increasing energy scarcity, the company’s focus on renewable energies is becoming all the more important. A good example of this successful approach is the biomass plant in Presov, the third-largest city in Slovakia, which went into operation during the 2008/2009 gas crisis. With the help of Energiecomfort, EUR 2.8 million were invested to add a biomass section to

9 subsidiaries and a total of about 700 employees Annual sales volume: EUR 40-45 million 800 business customers, 20,000 private customers

Facts & Figures

Subsidiaries: Bytkomfort s.r.o. / Nové Zámky, Bratislava, Slovakia: energy management, 100 MW district heating network, 11,400 apartments, CHP plant, ISO 9001:2000 certification for heat supply companies n Bytkomfort BA a.s. / Bratislava, Slovakia: facility management n TT-Komfort / Trnava, Slovakia: heat supply for 18,000 apartments, building management for 8,000 apartments, facility management for 180,000 m2 of net building area n Spravbytkomfort / Presov, Slovakia: energy management 137, MW district heating network, 8 MW biomass, 30,000 apartments n Köszegi Távhöszolgáltató Kft. / Köszeg, Hungary: 470 private customers n

Presov biomass plant: 8 MW output n Supplies some 9,000 apartments n Annual production: approx. 50,000 MWh of heat n Annual carbon savings: approx. 11,000 t n

Responsible company: Wien Energie GmbH

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Sewerage system management in Vienna Hydrodynamic flow modelling The City of Vienna uses hydrodynamic flow modelling and real-time sewerage system control to ensure that sewers are protected against overflowing and that peak discharges to the wastewater treatment plant are evened out. As the hydrodynamic model recognises potential capacity overloading before the situation in the sewerage system becomes critical, control measures – retention or re-distribution of mixed wastewater/stormwater sewage within the system – can be taken more quickly and efficiently.

‹‹‹ Measuring flow conditions in the sewerage system ‹‹ Map showing all metering points in Vienna ‹ Automatic metering point in one of Vienna's sewers

n Rainfall and other precipitation events give rise to surface runoff, which is discharged to the sewerage system in addition to sanitary wastewater from households and business enterprises. Efficient sewerage system management is required to retain this mixed sewage within the sewerage system for as long as needed without causing the sewers to overflow. The calculations generated by hydrodynamic modelling are used to manage the sewerage system in such a way as to optimise the amount of mixed sewage retained in the sewer system and its gradual and controlled discharge to the main wastewater treatment plant. Moreover, modelling is also used for planning ways and means of improving sewer capacity. Management of the sewerage system is based on data from rainfall runoff measuring points in the catchment area and a number of online measuring stations in the sewers, all of which contribute data for precise hydrodynamic flow modelling as well as the operation of appropriate control units in the sewerage system. The hydrodynamic flow model provides a representation of the existing sewer network and can be used to identify bottlenecks. The results of hydrodynamic modelling have to be compared with actual flow conditions Wien Kanal_01_Hydrodynamic Flow Modelling

Number of employees at Wien Kanal (Vienna Waste Water Management): 488 Total length of Vienna's sewerage system: 2,400 km Wastewater generated per year: 220 million m3

Facts & Figures

over several years and the model calibrated accordingly in order to arrive at meaningful forecasts. Surface runoff rates and the subsequent flow rates in the sewerage system have to be measured to ensure exact discharge rate calculations. The model uses spatial, geometric and hydraulic data for this purpose. Hydrodynamic flow modelling is of great interest to sewerage system operators because it provides a detailed representation of the sewage flow for each point of the sewerage system. Events such as the build-up of stagnant water or flow reversal are simulated, taking into account existing storage capacity. Flow modelling helps to design sewer pipes with adequate and economical dimensions and to control the sewerage system as efficiently as possible. The combination of hydrodynamic flow modelling and sewerage system control prevents surcharge, i.e. flooding within the city. The Vienna sewerage system is thus better protected against wastewater overflow and general flooding and helps to increase the efficiency of the main wastewater treatment plant through the controlled discharge of sewage.

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Percentage of households connected to the sewerage system: 99% Main Wastewater Treatment Plant: 18 m3/s

35 Precipitation metering points 63 Sewage flow metering points 167 Sewage level metering points 256 Slide gates

Responsible company: Vienna Waste Water Management (Wien Kanal)

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Sewer information at a mouse click The Vienna Sewerage Information System (KANIS) The Vienna Waste Water Management (Wien Kanal) runs a digital Sewerage Information System (KANIS, short for Kanal-Informations-System) which not only facilitates management of the sewerage system, but also provides up-to-date service to third parties. Supplying extensive, continuously updated information, the integrated sewerage system data base supports efficient maintenance, cleaning and planning processes. The digitised data represent the sewerage system operation in great detail and are used for ongoing quality improvement measures. Third parties, such as construction engineers and builders, can easily find and retrieve the information they need online. track the pollutants back to their source and identify the polluter. Wien Kanal provides data and maps of the sewer system to outside customers, including construction engineers and builders, either in hard copy or as digital files. This service effectively helps speed up planning processes.

‹‹‹ Sewer system data are entered and retrieved at the KANIS terminal ‹‹ Input of information at the terminal ‹ Online view of the KANIS digital map © PlanSinn, Wien Kanal

n Sewerage system operators need extensive and accurate data as a basis for the daily operation and management of the system, as well as for planning future extensions and improvements. While these data may in principle be collected in conventional registers, development of a digitised information system is advisable for large sewerage systems. The KANIS sewerage information system is an important tool for current operations and proactive responses to future challenges, supporting efficiency, resource-effectiveness and speed of the sewerage management processes. Moreover, KANIS provides information for construction planners and property owners in easily accessible formats. The KANIS data base contains extensive information about the Vienna sewerage system. In addition to mapping the location of the sewers, their dimensions and design, it also provides data on other important parameters, including structural quality, cleaning/maintenance, wastewater quality and odour, where relevant. All information is continuously updated, and the staff of Wien Kanal can retrieve data online, including graphic visualisations, from Wien Kanal_02_KANIS

120,000 system elements (pipe sections and junctions) Number of staff managing KANIS: 2

Facts & Figures

their office PCs. In generating KANIS, great attention has been given to easy communication and interchange with other data bases and mapping tools. A special feature of KANIS is that the system accurately describes curved sections of the sewers and allows processing of the relevant data for these segments. With thorough data collection and continuous updating of the data base, KANIS supplies extensive real-time information to ensure efficient sewerage system operations and sustainable future planning of the system. The data base allows swift utilisation, evaluation and analysis of different combinations of data sets, facilitating decision-making processes for problem resolution and planning purposes. For example, KANIS provides important basic data for hydrodynamic flow modelling and real-time sewerage system control. Evaluation of the sewerage system data enables Wien Kanal to prioritise maintenance and repair tasks and conduct them quickly and efficiently. If the pollution level of the sewage rises above the legal limits, KANIS protocol data are used to

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Graphics editor: AutoCAD Map Data base: MS Access

Sewer data output: DXF format (AutoCAD) and Shape format (ARC/INFO)

Responsible company: Vienna Waste Water Management (Wien Kanal)

www.tinavienna.at

Vienna’s deepest underground structure The Wien Valley Sewer Water protection for the River Wien and flood protection for the city – the new Wien Valley Sewer helps to achieve both. Whenever there is heavy rainfall, this vast underground structure takes up wastewater and stormwater runoff to prevent pollution of the River Wien and overloading of the wastewater treatment plant. It provides up to 110,000 cubic metres of temporary storage capacity. When the rain subsides, the sewer is drained and the effluent piped into the wastewater treatment plant. The Wien Valley Sewer is located underneath the bed of the Wien River and traverses two underground railway lines. This ambitious engineering project was realised in Vienna’s densely built-up city centre without major disruptions to urban life and traffic. problems. In 2006, construction of the Wien Valley Sewer was successfully completed. The Wien Valley Sewer is used for temporary storage of up to 110,000 cubic metres of sewage during maintenance and repair work on the collecting sewers and whenever rainwater runoff swells the wastewater volume beyond the working capacity of the treatment plant. When the rain subsides, the stored, as yet untreated sewage is piped to the wastewater treatment plant as capacity allows. The state-of-the art Wien Valley Sewer thus contributes to Vienna's wastewater management system as well as protecting the River Wien against contamination. ‹‹ Innovative tunnelling process – cutterhead of the EPB machine ‹ Cross-section of the Wien Valley Sewer

Its construction became necessary because the old collecting sewers along the River Wien Valley were no longer adequate for the safe disposal of wastewater. During heavy rainfall, they discharged a mix of sanitary wastewater and stormwater into the River Wien. Now the new Wien Valley Sewer is used for temporary storage of this mixed effluent. The stored wastewater is eventually piped to the main wastewater treatment plant in Vienna´s 11th district, Simmering. The discharge process is managed by means of a sophisticated system of electronic controls and pumping stations, the Vienna Sewage Control System. The discharge of pollutants into the River Wien during rainy periods has been reduced by 85 per cent since the commissioning of the Wien Valley Sewer. Construction of the Wien Valley Sewer was realised in two stages. The first construcWien Kanal_03_Collecting Sewers

tion stage was finalised in 2000, and was followed by a second construction stage scheduled for completion within three years. As the second-stage construction lot was located in a densely built-up, central area of Vienna, the city administration opted for a trenchless tunnelling process to keep disruptions and damage to sensitive urban landscapes to a minimum. The tunnel dig was carried out by an earth pressure balance (EPB) shield tunnelling machine with a total length of 136 metres and a weight of 1,100 tonnes. Nicknamed "earth worm", the EPB shield dug its way at a depth of 30 metres over a total distance of 2,600 metres from entrance shaft to exit shaft. The resulting tunnel has a diameter of 8.6 metres. The project posed specific challenges resulting from the need to dig at water table level beneath the River Wien and to traverse two underground railway lines; moreover, there was only very limited space available for overground work. These issues were resolved by use of an innovative tunnelling process and efficient construction site management, and the project was carried out quickly and without major

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Construction period: 2 construction stages, 3 years each Total length: 3,500 m Length of underground tunnel: 2,600 m Storage capacity: 110,000 m3 Tunnelling speed: 36 m/day (world record) Maximum number of truckloads handled per day: 283 Total excavated volume: approx. 190,000 m3 Number of tubbings placed in the tunnel: 10,000 units Weight of one tubbing: 7 t

Facts & Figures

n Together with the extension of Vienna’s main wastewater treatment plant, the Wien Valley Sewer is at the heart of Vienna’s Water Protection Programme, helping to ensure the sustainability of wastewater treatment and water protection.

Responsible company: Vienna Waste Water Management (Wien Kanal)

www.tinavienna.at

Magic Trees for the sewers Fighting odour in the Vienna sewerage system Vienna's sewers have a sophisticated ventilation system. The exchange of air is based on the simple physical principle of the "chimney effect": fresh air enters the system through the street-level storm drains, and exhaust air is blown out through ventilation pipes ending on the roofs of buildings. Odour from the sewerage system occurs only in very few places, where it is neutralised with simple and efficient measures: addition of calcium nitrate to the wastewater stream or "Magic Trees" fixed in manholes to provide a "pleasant smell".

‹‹‹ Cleaning work in one of Vienna's main sewers ‹‹ Gelactiv® SHK plates are used to eliminate foul odours ‹ Fresh air enters the sewer system through street-level storm drains

n The Vienna Waste Water Management (Wien Kanal) is responsible for running Vienna's 2,400 kilometres sewerage system which transports wastewater from all over the city to the main wastewater treatment plant. The sewers are regularly cleaned and necessary repairs carried out to prevent any odour problems. However, if foul smells do occur, Wien Kanal has to investigate the causes and take effective counter-action. Vienna's sewerage system is naturally ventilated thanks to the "chimney effect": fresh air continuously enters the system through the street-level storm drains, and exhaust air is blown out of the system through vents which rise from building drains and end at roof level. As a result of this natural ventilation, no harmful concentration of gases can build up, and odour problems are also largely avoided. Odours may occur, however, in areas where wastewater remains within the sewer pipes for a long time. This may be the case with sewage from the flat city areas east of the Danube, which is transWien Kanal_04_Fighting Sewerage Odour

ported rather slowly and over long distances to the treatment plant. In the course of this journey, anaerobic degradation may set in, giving off foul smells under unfavourable conditions. High-pressure flushing is used to clean out the affected sewer portions and eliminate odours swiftly.

Use of Gelactiv® SHK plates in approx. 50 manholes

Facts & Figures

Cost per plate: approx. EUR 52 Useful life of each plate: 3-6 months

Persistent problems are treated with calcium nitrate. Dosing units are used to continuously inject precise amounts of this chemical, which effectively blocks anaerobic degradation, into the wastewater stream. Another, simple and cost-effective way to combat odour problems is to use Gelactiv® SHK plates. These are polymer plates which are loaded with natural odourneutralising substances and are simply placed into manholes, attached to the gully grating. The technology gives quick and effective results at a low cost. Wien Kanal maintains a central complaints register to identify problematic spots and take economical and effective action wherever odour becomes a problem.

Total annual wastewater volume in Vienna: approx. 220 million m³ Cleaning and maintenance of sewerage system: approx. 300 employees

Responsible company: Vienna Waste Water Management (Wien Kanal)

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Relaxing in style Thermal Spa Vienna – a wellness oasis right in Vienna One of the largest and modern spa and wellness centres in Europe is being built in the south of Vienna, right next to the historical Oberlaa Spa Gardens. The project, which includes both a thermal spa and a spa hotel, is a prime example of a successful public-private partnership. For this thermal spa project, which is already implemented, the City of Vienna is cooperating with the VAMED Group as well as with banks and insurance companies. An umbrella brand company started international marketing activities for Oberlaa even before the construction project was completed. ‹‹ Thermal Spa Vienna – spa and integrated health centre ‹ Thermal Spa Vienna – architecture © Wien Oberlaa

n Vienna is developing the historical Oberlaa spa complex in an effort to offer multifaceted, modern health and wellness facilities in an urban setting. Within seven years, Oberlaa is to become an attractive leisure and relaxation centre meeting the highest international standards. What is particularly striking is the project’s size (200,000 square kilometres), its location on the outskirts of a metropolis, and its vast range of attractions. The new, already finished complex features a new thermal spa with an integrated health centre. Futhermore it will provide a 4-star hotel, serviced apartments as well as the culinary pleasures of the renowned Kurkonditorei pastry shop. The neighbouring „LIFE“ complex is available for future expansion. The first step in the integrated urban development process required for a project of this size and complexity was to establish a designated development company, the Wien Oberlaa Projektentwicklung GmbH. Following a preliminary analysis of the project area, an integrated overall design concept was drawn up with the help of all the numerous stakeholders. These vital and complex preparatory activities laid the ground for the Oberlaa master plan and the subsequent administrative procedures Wien Oberlaa_01_Thermal Spa Vienna

concerning zoning and land use. An international, two-tier architectural competition organised by the City of Vienna ensured that two outstanding designs were chosen for the spa complex and the spa hotel. The project company then negotiated the contracts as well as the project funding with the private partners. The VAMED Group took charge of building the new spa centre – called Therme Wien – while continuing to run the old, already existing one. What is special about the project is the coordinated, joint and integrated development of Oberlaa as an urban area. Together with the VAMED Group and the involved banks and insurance companies, Vienna’s municipal administration was able to implement a public-private partnership model aimed at kick-starting sustainable business development in the area.

Project start: 2004 Completion of entire complex: 2011-2013 Surface area of entire complex: 200,000 m2 Total investment: EUR 205 million Health & spa centre: EUR 115 million 4*+ hotel: EUR 55 million LIFE project: EUR 35 million Value added - construction: EUR 120 million Value added - operation: EUR 441 million

Facts & Figures

New thermal spa centre: n Groundbreaking for thermal spa and integrated health centre: 2007 n Completion of integrated health centre: 2010 n Completion of spa centre: 2011 n Total area: 75,000 m² n Total water surface: 4,000 m2 n Sauna centre: 3,000 m2 n Visitors/year: 1,000,000

Planning: Urban development plan: BUS Architektur und Partner n Traffic plan: Rosinak & Partner n Spa hotel architects: Rüdiger Lainer + Partner n Thermal spa architects: 4a Architekten n

The first stage of the Oberlaa development, the news thermal spa, project was completed by 2011. The umbrella brand company already started marketing the project in Vienna and internationally during construction. For Vienna, this project is a contribution towards ensuring a positive and sustainable development of Oberlaa as an urban area with a focus on wellness and health services.

Construction and operation: Therme Wien Responsible company: Wien Oberlaa Projektentwicklung GmbH

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More than two million happy travellers every day Wiener Linien – Vienna's public transport service provider Wiener Linien, Vienna's public transport company, is responsible for the smooth functioning of mass passenger transit in the city. More than 800 million trips annually are made on the system's 120 lines – an international record share of 35 per cent of all passenger transport in Vienna takes place in the tightly woven mesh of underground railway, tram and bus lines. Wiener Linien has succeeded in overtaking the private car as the number one choice for passenger transport. 3,100 hectare per year, which is equivalent to approximately 0.05 per cent of the total footprint of the City of Vienna. Hence, the land area required by the U2 line extension is six times smaller than that required by private motorised transport. The study received the sponsorship award of the City of Vienna’s Municipal Department for Environmental Protection. ‹‹‹ Wiener Linien – ultra low floor buses ‹‹ Wiener Linien – ultra low floor tram ‹ Wiener Linien – underground train

It is not surprising that the Viennese are becoming more and more enthusiastic public transport customers. There are good reasons why public transport has a modal share of more than 36 per cent, which Wiener Linien wants to increase further to 40 per cent by 2020. A tightly-knit network of lines, frequent services, high reliability and punctuality are some of the features that attract travellers in growing numbers. Moreover, Wiener Linien follows a policy of fair and socially responsible fare pricing to make the system affordable to all inhabitants of Vienna, and is working to make the network barrier-free wherever this is feasible. In addition to the modern and attractive transport facilities and rolling stock, there are supplementary services, such as real-time passenger information via the Internet and mobile phone, to motivate even more people to Wiener Linien_01_Public Transport Service Provider

switch to public transport. Passenger surveys have shown that the efforts of Wiener Linien to extend and improve the services offered have an approval rate of at least 95 per cent among the users of the system. Wiener Linien also collaborates with regional partners – the ÖBB Group (the national railway system), the "Wiener Lokalbahnen" (the local railway service) and several bus operators, to ensure good public transport connections between the city and its environs. To this end, the City of Vienna, the surrounding province of Lower Austria and the province of Burgenland southeast of the city collaborate in the "Verkehrsverbund Ost Region" (VOR, Eastern Austrian Regional Transport Network). Every passenger who opts for public transport contributes to protecting the environment and the earth's climate. The figures are evidence of the ecological benefit: more trips are made by public transport than by car in Vienna, but the public network accounts for just 200,000 tonnes of CO2 emissions – whereas car traffic generates 2.7 million tonnes. Wiener Linien tasked the Vienna University of Technology with analysing the ecological footprint left by the extension of the U2 underground line and with comparing it to car transport. The ecological footprint is a measure of human demand on nature, i.e. on natural ecosystems. The ecological footprint of the U2 line extension is about

2010 figures n 118 public transport lines n 910 km of public transport network n 4,400 stops and stations n 5 underground railway lines n 28 tram lines n 85 bus lines n 839 million trips p. a.

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Facts & Figures

n As in every major city, public transport is the lifeline of Vienna. More than two million trips per day are made on underground railway, tram and bus lines. Vienna's public transport utility, Wiener Linien, ensures the smooth functioning of public transport even in remote parts of the city. It runs five underground railway lines, 28 tram lines and 85 bus lines and is responsible for maintaining, operating and extending the transport infrastructure, such as tracks, stops and stations. With a coverage rate of some 96 per cent, the public transport network is accessible to nearly everyone close to his or her home.

17 billion seat-km/year Gross revenue: approx. EUR 440 million

Wiener Linien is a subsidiary of the City of Vienna's communal infrastructure service provider, Wiener Stadtwerke Holding AG.

Prizes and awards: Austrian State Prize 2008 for Climate Protection: Wiener Linien and Arsenal Research collaborated to develop a system to control the flow of pedestrians at the new U2 station "Stadion" in preparation for the 2008 European Football Championship. Responsible company: Wiener Linien GmbH

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More information and faster disruption response Computer-assisted operations control system for Vienna Public Transport Authority buses and trams The computer-assisted operations control system (German acronym: RBL) helps Wiener Linien, the Vienna Public Transport Authority, kill several birds with one stone: operational efficiency is increased, disruptions are detected faster and the integrated electronic passenger information system also provides better customer service. And that means satisfied customers who choose to use the underground, tram or bus on a more regular basis. The RBL has also made a contribution towards more efficient management of Wiener Linien’s operations. It provides a decision-making basis for optimising personnel and vehicle fleet management. The controller can thus optimise the changeover of drivers on route and thus deploy personnel more efficiently. ‹‹ Passenger information display at the tram station ‹ Electronic information in the underground station © Wiener Linien

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n The introduction of the computer-assisted operations control system (RBL) in 1995 more than exceeded the expectations of Wiener Linien with regards to improved problem detection in the public transport system. The Viennese RBL monitors the public transport situation around the clock and identifies disruptions faster than manual monitoring. For the RBL to perform its services, every vehicle – tram or bus – must be equipped with an on-board computer. This on-board computer also manages the announcements made at bus/tram stops and interior and exterior indicators on the vehicles, and on some vehicles also counts passengers boarding and disembarking. This computer is even able to influence traffic lights. Every 20 seconds, the on-board computer transmits the vehicle location via radio to the central computer. This computer collects and evaluates all data and sends important information back to the on-board computer. Vehicles at connecting stops, for example, wait for the other vehicle and gaps in interval operations are then quickly closed again. If required by the controller, the central computer is Wiener Linien_02_Control System

even able to arrange for route shortenings or diversions. In the control centre, the controllers use the RBL to monitor and control operations and the traffic situation around the clock. If disruptions occur in regular service, they are able to quickly contact the drivers and arrange measures to remedy problems as required.

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Start of computer-assisted operations control system (RBL): 1995 RBL comprehensive coverage: 2007 RBL controlled vehicles: approx. 1,000 RBL controlled lines: approx. 100 Investment volume: approx. EUR 40 million Passenger information in 2011: 600 displays Passenger information by 2018: approx. 1,000 displays Costs for one display: approx. EUR 20,000

Facts & Figures

The electronic passenger information system at bus/tram stops is a service provided to Vienna Public Transport Authority passengers and Vienna can no longer be imagined without it. The system was created in the course of RBL’s development. Approximately 600 displays inform waiting passengers in how many minutes the next vehicle will arrive and whether it is a low floor vehicle. By 2018, there will be approximately 1,000 displays. The RBL also makes its information available (in real time) on the Internet with a countdown display showing when the next public transport vehicle will arrive such as on the i.tip, qando and AnachB.at travel information sites. The customers of Wiener Linien appreciate these passenger information services.

i.tip: real-time departure information for Wiener Linien buses, trams and underground lines including barrierfree access information qando: the mobile information service provided by Wiener Linien and VOR - Verkehrsverbund Ost-Region, the eastern region tariff and transport association AnachB.at: the web information service provided by Wiener Linien and VOR - Verkehrsverbund Ost-Region

Responsible company: Wiener Linien GmbH

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Eliminating barriers – improving mobility Barrier-free travel on Viennese public transport The City of Vienna is concerned that all passengers should have access to public transport – regardless of their physical ability. Thanks to the low entry levels of the vehicles used by Wiener Linien, the Vienna Public Transport Authority, neither parents with a pram nor people with a walking disability are prevented from using public transport, and people with impaired vision are helped to find their station with tactile and acoustic guidance systems. The ongoing quality improvements benefit everyone: steadily rising numbers of passengers using the public transport system are the best proof of this. WLAN application. This pilot project also tests an RFID-based navigation system for the blind on a designated test route. Wiener Linien has published the guide “Selbstbestimmt durch die Stadt - Barrierefrei in Wien unterwegs” (“Making your own way around the city - moving around Vienna without barriers”) to provide all passengers with an instruction manual illustrating how to use the available systems most efficiently and in a self-determined way.

By elevating pavements, providing folddown ramps and using low-floor technology for buses and trams, the Vienna Public Transport Authority aims to provide entrances for their passengers that are as convenient and barrier-free as possible. The ultra low floor tram (ULF), for example, has the world’s lowest entry height at 19 centimeters. All underground stations have lifts allowing people with a walking disability to reach the platforms more easily. The underground guidance system using catchy colours, clear pictograms and large letters, helps passengers to orient themselves. For the blind and people with a vision impairment there are tactile guidance systems in 93 per cent of all underground stations. This tactile guidance system guides these passengers safely towards the centre of the train and to interchange hubs. The Vienna Public Transport Authority operates a website which offers a great deal of information in a barrier-free manner. People with impaired vision can use a speech module to retrieve information easily or use the POPTIS navigation system Wiener Linien_03_Barrier-free

to help them find a barrier-free route to the underground. All pedestrian routes on the system have been tested as to their barrier-free quality. An additional aid programme is i.tip, which lists the upcoming departure times of the various modes of public transport in real time and with a countdown feature and includes information on the type of carriage (e.g. whether it is a low-floor vehicle). The Vienna Public Transport Authority is furthermore substantially engaged in research programmes aimed at improving barrier-free access. Within the framework of the project entitled ‘Mobilität für alle’ (MofA), mobility for everyone, funded by the Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology, a planning basis for barrier-free infrastructures in mass transit is under development. With QUO VADIS, funded by the Zentrum für Innovation und Technologie (ZIT), the City of Vienna technology promotion agency, passengers with special needs will be able to use a hand held transmitter, to call up information both at the bus/tram stop as well as on board a vehicle from the on-board computer, to listen to tape-recorded announcements or to request the folding down of a ramp. The “Quo Vadis” project is followed up by the “ways4all complete” research project which includes the use of a mobile phone

100% of all underground stations are barrier-free 100% of all bus stops are barrier-free

Facts & Figures

n The Vienna Public Transport Authority has been committed to enabling customerfriendly and barrier-free use of their transport services for many years. Since the 1990s, they have been improving the quality of public transport on an ongoing basis.

‹‹‹ Clear colours facilitate orientation in the underground station ‹‹ Underground lift ‹ Tactile guidance system

90% of bus and tram stations are elevated 30% of tramways are low floor vehicles

Pre-On-Post-Trip-Informations-System (POPTIS): acoustic orientation system for the Vienna underground i.tip: is the barrier-free online system enabling access via Internet to realtime data concerning departures of buses and trams

Responsible company: Wiener Linien GmbH

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ULF: ultra low floor for greater mobility Passenger comfort in low floor vehicles With an entry height of only 19 centimetres, the ultra low floor tram (ULF) is unparalleled worldwide in terms of barrier-free access. Thanks to the ultra low floor design, the time needed for boarding and disembarking at stops is halved, which in turn increases journey speed. This saves passengers time and trouble. Developed by Wiener Linien, the Vienna Public Transport Authority, in cooperation with Siemens, ULF offers also maximum passenger comfort in the interior and has an attractive appearance with its exceptional design.

‹‹‹ Ultra low floor tram (ULF) ‹‹ Ultra low floor tram (ULF) entrance ‹ Ultra low floor tram (ULF)

ULF: n 300 vehicles ordered, of which 200 are in service n Entry height 190 mm n Low-floor percentage 100% n Maximum speed of 70 km/h n Type A approx. 24.2 m long n Type B approx. 35.5 m long

n Wiener Linien have focused on passenger-friendly access level entry of underground trains, buses and trams for years. The entire bus fleet operating on liquefied petroleum gas is low floor. The buses’ folddown ramps and floor-lowering mechanisms enable barrier-free boarding and disembarking. The new underground train carriages feature access at platform level. Old tram carriages are also being replaced with new ultra low floor trams. The Viennese ultra low floor tram is a prime example of technological innovation, enhanced comfort and attractive design. Together with the former SimmeringGraz-Pauker AG (SGP), now Siemens, the Vienna Public Transport Authority developed the first Viennese ultra low floor trams (ULFs) in the 1990s. Ride comfort was given particular consideration and the low entry height was a priority aim for the technical designers. Thanks to the innovative, single-wheel, axle-free suspension system, a boarding height of 19 centimetres was achieved, which is unique worldwide. Wiener Linien_04_Low Floor Technology

At this floor height, all passengers including those in wheelchairs and with prams can access ULFs from tram stop islands and pavements in a barrier-free setting. For wheelchair users, there is a fold-down ramp at the front entrance for use if required.

Facts & Figures

Partner: n Siemens AG Österreich

Although the acquisition of ULF is somewhat more expensive and the tram (as any low floor vehicle) requires adaptation at the garage, it is faster than other trams in normal service. Swifter boarding and disembarking – about twice as fast as with conventional trams – mean the time spent at stops is considerably reduced. ULFs can travel at a higher journey speed. This cuts round-trip time and helps reduce numbers of carriages and staff required. The barrier-free entrances to these public means of transport ease boarding and disembarking and reduce the time spent at stops. This level of passenger comfort makes public transport more attractive leading to an increase in the number of passengers.

Memberships: Verband Deutscher Verkehrsunternehmen (VDV) (Association of German Transport Companies) n International Organisation for Public Transport (UITP) n

Responsible company: Wiener Linien GmbH

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Cold and warm at 11 degrees Celsius Tunnel thermics from Vienna underground tunnels What miners have always known and energy engineers are now exploiting in Vienna is the constant temperature that occurs in tunnels. The difference in air temperature in tunnels and at the ground level is used for heating in winter and cooling in summer by means of heat exchangers. For the first time in Viennese tunnel construction, tunnel components with integrated energy diaphragm walls and energy base slabs have been installed below ground. The new underground tunnel of the U2 line now provides the tunnel itself as well as neighbouring residential buildings with environmentally friendly heating and cooling. balance of Wiener Linien, but has at the same time given rise to a new business sector. Tunnel thermics helps to protect the environment and save energy. ‹‹‹ Geothermal energy absorbers ‹‹ Energy absorbers in practice ‹ Tunnel thermics in the future

inner lining

seal protection and drainage layer

absorber tubes

Saving of approx. 51 million t CO2 for a system serving 10 detached houses Saving of (direct + upstream) CO2 emissions of 340 kg per metre of traffic tunnel

outer shell

n Inside a mountain there is the same climate at a constant temperature of approximately 11 degrees Celsius throughout the year. In winter it is warmer in the tunnel and in summer it is cooler than at ground level. Wiener Linien, the Vienna Public Transport Authority, make use of this fact to equip their underground tunnels with a tunnel thermics system. Heat exchangers, which are called geothermal energy absorbers, enable the difference in temperature to be used for cooling in summer and heating in winter. In tunnel construction, the installation of geothermal energy absorbers is frequently problematic because the heat exchange probes need to be fitted into the tunnel wall in difficult conditions. In Vienna, a newly developed system was employed. The probes were placed in the diaphragm walls and base slabs before the concrete and transport heat out of the ground – as well as back into the ground. A challenge encountered with this system is the necessity to quickly install the concrete elements in difficult construction conditions without damaging the sensitive components. In Vienna, bored piles normally used for stabilisation were enhanced and installed for use as energy piles on an exWiener Linien_05_Tunnel Thermics

Facts & Figures

perimental basis. A sloping rock face in the Viennese “Lainzer Tunnel” was studded with a number of energy piles, injected deep into the earth rather like needles. In the construction of the new U2 line extension, Wiener Linien have for the first time implemented geothermal energy exploitation on a large scale and installed heat exchangers in the tunnel wall. Four new stations on the U2 line have been provided with heat exchanger absorber equipment. They heat the underground stations in winter and air-condition them in summer. In 2008, the “ESYS – energy system for tunnel thermics” project was awarded the Austrian national prize for transport, “Focus 2008: efficiency for climate protection”, by the Federal Ministry of Transport, Innovation and Technology. The pilot system within the Austrian Federal Railways’ (ÖBB) tunnel connecting the Westbahn and Südbahn, western and southern railway trunk lines, and the Donauländerbahn, the Danube bank railway, (Lainzer Tunnel) has been heating the Hadersdorf secondary sport school in the 14th district of Vienna since 2004. The low CO2 emission generation of heat and cold in underground tunnels not only improves the ecological

Partners: TU Wien, Institut für Geotechnik (Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering) n TU Wien, Institut für Verkehrswissenschaften (Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Transportation) n Geotechnik-Adam ZT n Atlas Copco MAI GmbH n Energiecomfort n

Responsible company: Wiener Linien GmbH

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Precise measurement – many benefits Track recording cars support infrastructure management Why is track surveying an important instrument within infrastructure management? The regular and accurate measuring of track is the basis for maintenance and renewal of rail networks. Track surveying serves to detect and repair damage, which subsequently results in greater ride comfort. Strategic analyses of the measured track data help decision-makers in budget planning. Wiener Linien, the Vienna Public Transport Authority, are currently also working on a good-value measurement system for regular vehicles. ‹‹‹ Track recording car for underground and tram ‹‹ Laser measuring device on track recording car ‹ Driver's cab of underground track recording car © Wiener Linien

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n The Viennese rail network is 630 kilometres long. Every day, trams and underground trains travel on the rail system at tight intervals. This often results in a high dynamic load on the track. For maintenance and repair of the track, it is important to assess its condition as accurately as possible. Rail wear is determined by measurement of the track. Yet precise information and forecasting is only available after about three to five years of conducting a longer series of measurements and the establishment of a database. In Vienna, the use of track recording cars to provide quick and accurate track surveying has proved successful. In addition to the track recording cars for Vignoles rails, Wiener Linien own the only track recording car for grooved rails (tram track) worldwide. The regular surveying of the rail system is performed by means of noncontact, camera type, laser measuring technology based on an inertial system using a laser light section procedure. The sensor unit senses the rail at 25 centimetres intervals and precisely calculates the track geometry, i.e., the degree of wear. Currently, Wiener Linien, in cooperation with the Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), are also developing a less expensive measuring system for regular vehicles. Wiener Linien_06_Track Recording Cars

The location detection of measured data is performed automatically by means of a digital rail network map (NetScan). CUBAL, the curvature based rail data localisation software, compares the position of the measured data with reference data from the rail network map, assigning them to the correct line routing element. This enables a precise and exact evaluation even if the existing rail system is modified or expanded.

3-5 years of lead time before track surveying system operates stably Approx. EUR 500,000 of basic investment cost for one track surveying car Investment in software and operational implementation EUR 1-2 million 1:4 cost-benefit ratio 2 track surveying cars (named Eva and Christine)

Facts & Figures

Figures on the benefit of track surveying: n Costs of survey by individual offer n No need for digital construction of the rail network by engineering office (approx. EUR 5,000/km)

The analysis of measured data enables the fast detection of damage and efficient network optimisation on the one hand, e.g., for planning repair work and making resources available. On the other hand, it allows conclusions to be drawn to optimise ride comfort, such as a smoother operation through the grinding of rails where there is rail corrugation. However, the biggest economic benefit is found in the strategic analysis of measured track data, e.g. assessing life cycle cost of rail. This provides a decision-making basis for long-term investments or for resources planning. The data may also make a contribution towards improving existing processes.

No need for manual rail profile measurement (approx. EUR 150-200/hour) Example: LCC analysis can be performed based on a time series of several years (for 1 curve in the tram network at approx. EUR 1,000/year).

Responsible company: Wiener Linien GmbH

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Comfort Tours The Viennese Transition Curve In Vienna, the turns of the city’s subway system are as smooth and as elegant as the city’s trademark waltzes – also in the urban subway system. The reason is the Viennese Transition Curve – a unique track alignment method for urban and intercity trains that generates lower friction forces between wheel and rail. The result is two-fold: firstly, the life cycles of both cars and tracks are extended and maintenance costs are substantially lower than in conventional track design. Secondly, the absence of unexpected jerks and other disruptions improves passengers’ riding comfort and safety. ‹‹ Optimized Metro Rides ‹ Smooth Turns in Vienna © Wiener Linien

n The Viennese Transition Curve is installed in some 30 locations on the Vienna subway tracks, and in twelve locations throughout Austria’s federal rail network. This specific Curve describes a mathematic formula for a new method of track alignment. It allows a train to imitate the turn of a motorcycle, where the driver first strikes out and then leans into the turn. To achieve this cost-decreasing and comfort-increasing art of smoothing out turns, trains or subways travelling faster than 50 kilometres per hour require a specific track alignment method. The track planning is no longer consecutive – first the ground view and then the lateral view – but rather, both are integrated into one formula. The differences in design to conventionally designed successive curves are quite distinct: In a Viennese Transition Curve, the train rotates around a centre of gravity above the track axis. The cant gradient is curved and not straight: Discontinuities in vehicle movement, peak forces and jerks Wiener Linien_07_Viennese Transition Curve

are decreased. The optimum course taken by the forces involved results in a reduction of both rail and wheel wear. Also, the constant and stable movement of the train improves passengers’ riding comfort and safety. Thanks to the Viennese Transition Curve, the life cycle of both tracks and subway cars are extended and maintenance costs are reduced by up to twelve per cent. Furthermore, passengers report a smooth riding experience – even in the sharpest turns. In Vienna’s urban metro network, Viennese Transition Curves are most extensively installed along the U2 and U4 lines, e.g. between the Pilgramgasse and Kettenbrückengasse stations (U4) or between the new U2 stations in Vienna’s east. The Viennese Transition Curve is registered with the European Patent Office, and many international delegations have been looking further into this alignment method made in Vienna.

The Viennese Transition Curve is a component of a new track alignment geometry which helps extend track service life by providing low-wear curve runs. The life cycles of subways and railways are extended due to a considerable reduction of both rail and wheel wear. This method has been developed jointly by the Wiener Linien (Vienna’s urban transit provider) and Austrian Railways (ÖBB). In total, some 30 Vienna Transition Curves are installed in Vienna’s urban track network. These Transition Curves greatly improve passengers‘ riding comfort and safety, because the train rotates around the centre of gravity above the track axis, similar to a motorcyclist. The Viennese Transition Curve has resulted from cooperation between fundamental research in engineering mechanics and the empirics of public transport in urban and intercity environments.

Facts & Figures

The Viennese Transition Curve formula is protected by international patents. The alignment method following this formula leads to cost reduction in both new and existing rail networks. A Viennese Transition Curve amortises within a few years (less than 3 in Vienna, for instance)

Award: Dipl.-Ing. Dr. techn. Herbert L. Hasslinger, the “inventor” of the Viennese Transition Curve, has won the Grand Austrian National Award for Consulting and IT with this project (2004). Responsible company: Wiener Linien GmbH

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Climate-friendly living Vienna’s thermal-energy housing renewal programme In an effort to reduce energy consumption and air pollution and improve the overall environmental situation, the City of Vienna launched the ‘Thewosan’ grant scheme for encouraging thermal-energy housing improvement under its housing subsidy programme. An additional positive effect for residents is a reduction of heating costs of sometimes up to 50 per cent. With its energy-saving potential, Thewosan is also making a major contribution towards climate protection in Vienna. provides an impetus for energy saving and makes a major contribution towards climate protection in Vienna. Encouraging the use of renewable energy (solar, biomass, ambient heat) and district heating facilitates the switchover from fossil to climate-friendly fuels.

‹‹ Housing renewal project Kolschitzkygasse 14-18 after completion ‹ Housing renewal project Sonnwendgasse 34 after completion

n Vienna has some 300,000 apartments in housing estates built between 1945 and 1980. In an effort to improve thermal insulation in these buildings, Thewosan, a new grant scheme for thermal-energy housing renewal, was launched in 2000 under the Vienna housing subsidy programme. Residents can benefit from large savings potentials. Thermal insulation decreases energy consumption for heating by an average of 50 per cent as compared to noninsulated buildings, with a corresponding reduction of heating costs. In an average 70 square metres apartment, residents can save between EUR 280 and 400 per year through thermal insulation. By the end of 2010, improvement grants under the Thewosan scheme had already been recommended for 86,000 apartments. The Thewosan grant scheme The Thewosan grant scheme aims to improve the overall environmental situation by reducing air pollutants and to cut down Wohnfonds_01_Thewosan

the use of fossil fuels. An additional benefit for residents is a reduction of heating costs.

Timeframe: The subsidised housing programme was initiated in 1952/1954 Thewosan was launched in 2000 Number of subsidies: 86,000 Reduction of annual carbon emissions: 144,000 t

Facts & Figures

The following measures are eligible for subsidy: n Thermal insulation of exposed building parts (outer walls, top-floor ceilings, basement ceilings) n Renewal of windows and external doors n Removal of thermal bridges n Improvement or installation of heating, ventilation and hot water systems The subsidy consists of a one-off, non-repayable grant (EUR 25 to 290) per square metre of usable floor space. Grants are graded depending on the reduction of heating energy demand achieved or the result of a comparison with the standard of a low-energy house or the quality of the HVAC measures implemented. The property owner has to take over one third of investment costs. Impact The Thewosan scheme for housing estates

Amount of subsidy: EUR 25 to 290 per m2 of usable floor space for residential and business premises. Cooperation partners: Municipal Department for Housing Promotion (MA 50) Amt der Wiener Landesregierung (Office of the Vienna Provincial Government) Building Inspection (MA 37) Responsible department: Wohnfonds Wien