Technical Scheme Drivers Thomas Wakeman by Tom Wakeman

Technical Drivers Transatlantic Slave Trade Museum

Thomas Wakeman.Year 3.Bristol Redcliffe Development

Welsh School of Architecture May 2013

The main architectural design theme for the project is working with an existing fabric of partially derelict buildings and a post-industrial urban plot that bears significant historical relevance to the museum and the nature of the themes being exhibited. Inserting a modern intervention into the existing fabric must represent a strong interplay of materials and form, without the boundary between old and new elements being ambiguous or contrived. This required the development of a strong set of technical standpoints from the start, to outline a framework for how new additions should be made, connections between old and new, defining a contrasting materials palette and structural rationale. Summary 1.

Existing brick walls and cliff retaining wall to become part of the internal language of the building

Glazing and corten panelling slope into a concealed gutter where new envelope meets existing

The structure and floor should ‘lightly touch’ the cobbled wharf surface: Ground floor raised timber ‘table’ platform supported off steels

Acoustic and thermal isolation considerations “container within a container”

‘Standardised’ industrial quality materials and ordinary off-the-shelf construction methods to be used in an innovative way to reflect traditional industrial-type construction in a different and contemporary way

Structural ‘rib’ frame of standard I-section galvanised steels and columns, with lateral stability from concrete Level 1 floors and concealed timber SIPS wall and roof panels: simple structural logic (uncontrived) to create straight-forward easy to read modern intervention in otherwise existing architectural conditions

Other considerations: disabled access, upper-level access and fire escape:, ramped access, lifts, WC’s, maintenance access and multiple entrance issues considered from the outset and ‘designed in’ seamlesly.

Page 1 of 5

Post-industrial design: use of modern industrial construction methods contrasting with traditional victorian brickworks. Evergreen Brickworks, Toronto.

UPDATED: 1:20 drawings: (2) Concealed gutter and glass skylight connection

Key Drawings and Informations Location

(3) Timber table platform minimised to 300mm with engineered timber trusses, connected with ‘hurricane straps’ to steels: ordinary hard-wearing timber board finish

s-Atlantic Slave Trade & The Relevance of Bristol Redcliffe

Figure D: Structural drawing showing all elements

elopment is to establish a new cultural hub in place of a currently underdeveloped part of Bristol Redcliffe. The site has a historic legacy dating back to the early 19th s-Atlantic Slave Trade, at which time Bristol Redcliffe and the wharfside acted as an important hub for the import and export of goods as well as the damning exploitation of

ew architectural remnants dating back to 1800 still exist, and the site has become a poorly coordinated agglomeration of 60’s high-rise blocks, historicism, commercial buildings and parking

er by a dual carriageway. To redefine the place, the aim is to extract components of historic importance and reinstate or represent their modern-day Bristol and highlight Bristol’s testament to the history of the Slave Trade.

Steel Cladding

3D Sketch plan showing wharf development in foreground

Materiality parration: pa

(6) UPDATED: exploded Axo Structural diagramming: Corten and sinusoidal zinc cladding panels (2400x1200mm) New Structure

and connections between ‘old and new’. Post-industrial character design precedents and interior concepts

3D Visualisation of museum entrance elevation

akeman.Year 3.Bristol Redcliffe Masterplan Development

1:500 Wharf masterplan showing museum footprint in context

Park Duisburg Nord, Germany: ecological reclamation

New York Skyline Project: managed ecological reclamation of post-industrial rail line, providing ecologically diverse and pedestrian-friendly environment

ncept Derivation

Figure B1 (Section B-B): Rendered section facing west through main gallery space (see 1:20 details B-B i-iii)

Existing Structures

Evergreen Brickworks, Toronto Canada: Post-industrial site reclaimed for modern-day uses: juxtaposition of ‘old and new’

MOMA museum, NY: Juxtaposition of old wall and new interventions

artwork engraved into corten steel panelling

Jewish Museum: clean, crisp new elements ‘inserted’ into raw industrial envelope

Space concept for First floor brick building gallery: temporary exhibition and seminars (room 6). Speakers are arranged, playing spoken recordings

Elena Garro Cultural Centre by Fernanda Canales and Arquitectura, Mexico: precident for split-level public building encompassing historic structure

Culture Yard, Helsingor, Copenhagen, Denmark:

Dovecote Studio, Haworth Tompkins Architects, Suffolk, UK: new corten structure ‘inserted’ within brick ruin: connection ‘old

Figure C: Exploded axonometric diagram: Existing Buildings, Floor plates, Structural Framework and Cladding

Existing Structure Floor slabs

Post-industrial use, old and new

and new’

Restaurant

Mezzanine Gallery: Temporary Exhibition and events seminars

NEW (labelled) perspective sections showing all main spaces through key cuts of plan: Variation in height of spaces: dramatic triple-height (10m) entrance, double-height open-plan galleries, single height (3m) more domestic- scale offices, services and intimate gallery spaces

Mezzanine Galleries: International Slave Trade Exhibition

3 Upper Entrance and Restaurant

1 : 200

26 m²

staff only

Upper (Carpark) level entrance with Restaurant and Balcony verandas

10E

ered view of masterplan proposal facing Northeast from Redcliffe Way, with suggested typologies and massing scales and scope of green and pedestrian space

1. Carpark level entrance with lift and stair down to main gift shop and reception only 2. Staff only stair well and service elevator to all levels 3. Restaurant 4. Unisex WC 5. Disabled access WC & baby changing 6. Staff locker room and WC 7. Restaurant kitchen 8. Duct riser 9. Bar 10. External seating veranda (East and West) 11. Store & Janitorial 12. Duct riser 13. Entry lift

staff only

void 11

260 m²

1 Mezzanine Galleries and Staff

1 : 200

3 Upper Entrance and Restaurant 1 : 200

26 m²

staff only

void

void 13

2 9

1d 50 m²

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

void

staff only

void

48 m²

shaft

44 m²

void

exterior

void Reception desk and gift shop counter (below)

Triple-height entrance and gift shop (stair and lift) with glazing to create thermal break

with mezzanine gallery above. To rear is exterior

from exposed cliff wall

courtyard with floor to ceiling glazing

3 1a

47 m²

Existing building refurbished, with glazed corridor to seperate interior themal zone from back cliff wall, providing circulation, plant and facilities

staff only

void 12

D) Brick industrial warehouse to be raised an additional storey, housing coffee shop, temp. exhibition and restaurant

55 m²

Upper (Carpark) level entrance with Restaurant and Balcony verandas

10E

First Floor Mezzanine: International Slave Trade Exhibition: 1(a-d). Top-lit gallery spaces: fine work, prints and similar, audio visual 2. Mezzanine walkway gallery 3. Unisex WC 4. Unisex WC & baby changing 5. Disabled access WC 6. Large gallery space temporary exhibition and sem inar room 7. Open-plan staff and curator's offices / lounge 8. Staff locker room and WC 9. Janitorial 10. Duct Riser 11. Service Elevator 12. Disabled Refuge 1 13. Disabled Refuge 2 14. Store 15. Copying and storage

0 3 1 5 9 .8 7

B) 3 storey stone building to contain main core, offices and WC’s

staff only

void 11

260 m²

10W

void

Section C-C

staff only

Development Stages and Massing Strategy Approach

Artistic impression of wharf development proposal

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

A) Existing

1) Site

0 Ground Entrance Galleries

1 : 200

1 Mezzanine Galleries and Staff

2) Pedestrian

141 m²

15 m² staff only

void

100 m²

521 m²

18d

8 m²

18a

8 m²

18b

9 m²

18e

staff only

8 m²

12005 1536 1697

2400x1200 Corten Steel Panels affixed to lateral timber sips panels to structural steels

Section A-A

Schematic Masterplan Proposal: typical usage types micro-clustering

12mm cement board internal finish

Concealed gutter with walkway grid

Structural web-truss steel 200x150x12 and ducts

Frameless glazing

Trees

260 m²

10W

12 void

0 Ground Entrance Galleries

141 m²

15 m² staff only

100 m²

521 m²

18d

8 m²

18a

8 m²

18b

9 m²

18e

staff only

8 m²

18c

staff only

8 m²

30 m²

22 m²

18f

void

24 m²

43 m²

1 : 200

1.Gift shop adjacent ground entrance, stair and lift from car park level entrance 2. Reception and ticketing 3. Open-plan Bristol exhibition with scope for large scale exhibits, interventions, sculptural exhibition and events exhibition 4. Coffee shop with seperate external access 5. Coffee shop prep-kitchen 6. Conference room 7. Cloaks and Locker room 8. Female WC's 9. Male WC's 10. Disabled access WC 11. Janitorial 12. Plant and storage: mechanical, lift machinery 13. Reception office and gift shop counter 14. Service elevator 15. Exterior courtyard 12 1a 16. Gift shop store and storage access 47 m² 17. Entry lift 18. Modular gallery units (a-f)

staff only 16

76 m²

Climate-controlled HVAC zones 4800

2400

Gallery support steels 500x200x12

Existing 19th century timber framed industrial shed stripped back to structural oak members

200x150x12 Steel columns

Perspective B:

2400x1200 Corten Steel Panels affixed to lateral timber sips panels to structural steels

1200 Mechanical glazed sliding door Existing cliff retaining wall to remain exposed

Perspective C: Staff Offices

Rendered view facing west toward end of ground floor gallery

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

Figure B B-B (i) 1:20 detail connection between cliff wall and glazing with concealed gutter channel and steel supports

500x200 steel floor support 200x150 steel structural column

Detail Precidents

void 13

07 3 1 5 9 .8

void

2 9

1d 50 m²

void

48 m²

void

staff only

shaft

exterior void

3 1c

44 m²

staff only

void

55 m²

10 14

staff only

Perspective D: Mezzanine Walkway

Perspective E: Upper Floor Restaurant

B-B (ii) 1:20 detail section: insulated raised steel floor with boards and vertical supports Precident Detail: To minimise the thickness of the table floor structure, engineered timber joists are affixed to steels using ‘hurricane straps’

Because the steel columns act as legs to raise the ground floor off of the ground surface pile caps, a thermal break can be achieved using this insulation sandwich detail

1200x2400x3 Corten Steel Panels affixed to Timber Sips panels by dipped zinc screws, using cold formed Z-channel cladding rails

http://www.fabreeka.com/Products&productId=134

18d

8 m²

18a

8 m²

18b

9 m²

18c

8 m²

B-B 1:20 (iii) detail: wrap-around roof and 818f steel m² connection with latchway

1200x2400 timber SIPS panels 18e 8 m² affixed to steel frame to provide lateral support. Corten Cladding is them affixed to a weatherproof membrane using Z-rail supports

521 m²

http://www.ruukki.com

http://www.finehomebuilding.com

1000

Fire escape

0 Ground Entrance Galleries 1 : 200

Page 2 of 5

2400

Gallery support steels 500x200x12

15 m² staff only

void

Existing 19th century timber framed industrial shed stripped back to structural oak members

staff only

Detail Precident: Frameless246 m²glazing clamps 11 connect curtain wall glazing to glass mullions 14 staff only

30 m²

http://www.sasint.co.uk/8000_dg.php8

22 m²

43 m²

17 staff 16 only

76 m²

1.Gift shop adjacent ground entrance, stair and lift from car park level entrance 2. Reception and ticketing 3. Open-plan Bristol exhibition with scope for large scale exhibits, interventions, sculptural exhibition and events exhibition 4. Coffee shop with seperate external access 5. Coffee shop prep-kitchen 6. Conference room 7. Cloaks and Locker room 8. Female WC's 9. Male WC's Another10. Disabled detail showing access WC connection of frameless into concealed floor channel 11.glazing Janitorial 12. Plant and storage: mechanical, lift machinery 13. Reception office and gift shop counter 14. Service elevator 15. Exterior courtyard 16. Gift shop store and storage access 17. Entry lift 18. Modular gallery units (a-f)

UPDATED: 1:20 drawings: (4) Plans defined by thermal zones (pink denotes HVAC zones, with grey being ventillation and heat recovery only) ---Existing building treated as refurbish project, becoming a heated zone ---New additions account for higher % volume than original structure and must conform to modern insulation standards

Climate-controlled HVAC zones 200x150x12 Steel columns

2400x1200 Corten Steel Panels affixed to lateral timber sips panels to structural steels

1200 Mechanical glazed sliding door Existing cliff retaining wall to remain exposed

UPDATED: (6) Timber SIPS panel wall construction with Corten panelling screwed to z-profile sections with dipped screws (simple, uncontrived compared with ‘shelf hook’ system in precedent

UPDATED: (2) Precedent details and manufacturer drawings: “frameless” glazing systems PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

UPDATED: (3) Ground floor construction showing vertical steels connections with low-impact pile cap foundations: Steel thermal break gasket detailing precedent

4800

141 m²

100 m²

12mm Fibre Cement Board used as interior finish panels

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

UPDATED: (2) Skylight glazing and concealed gutter design and precedents: note exposed galvanised interior downpipes to match structural steel and electrical installation PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

1 : 200

1(a-d). Top-lit gallery spaces: fine work, prints and similar, audio visual 2. Mezzanine walkway gallery 3. Unisex WC 4. Unisex WC & baby changing 5. Disabled access WC 6. Large gallery space temporary exhibition and sem inar room 7. Open-plan staff and curator's offices / lounge 8. Staff locker room and WC 9. Janitorial 10. Duct Riser 11. Service Elevator 12. Disabled Refuge 1 13. Disabled Refuge 2 14. Store 15. Copying and storage

void

7 2 .8 1 3 5

Figure B2: ‘Frameless’ glazing Precident: Channel is enmbedded in existing wall creating and elegant connection between modern glazing and existing walls http://bespoke-ready-made-aluminium-products.co.uk

Figure A2 A-A: rendered schematic showing 3d view of wall connection

1 Mezzanine Galleries and Staff First Floor Mezzanine: International Slave Trade Exhibition:

154 m²

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

8 m²

1000

Fire escape

Perspective A: Main Reception Entrance and Lobby

Ground Floor Entrance, Reception, Coffee Shop and Bristol Slave Trade Exhibition:

1200x2400 corten panels

123mm comflor profile steel and concrete floor: span 5m

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

Site Long Section and massing proposal through Bristol Redcliffe

staff only

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

1850 Historic map of Bristol Redcliffe and Phoenix Wharf and urban grain

55 m²

6 11

Ground Floor Entrance, Reception, Coffee Shop and Bristol Slave Trade Exhibition:

75mm taped polyisocyanurate

Figure A1 Section A-A 1:20 detail section showing interconnection between existing brick and seperate steel support structure. (An extra floor is in corten steel, and turning the walls into a perimeter parapet with concealed gutter. A glass gained by removing the existing roof, raising the gable downlight is attached into the wall using a 25mm channel, silicon sealed.

---’frameless’ glazed connection with concealed gutter and parapet with 400mm access grid for maintenance, and latchway safety line system ---’comflor’ poured concrete and steel hybrid floor construction for quiet upper level gallery spaces (no walking sound)painted with industrial grey epoxy resin paint

staff only

2 void

Green zones

Current Aerial View of Redcliffe Site

shaft

exterior void

Public Sector

12) Active Zone, Green Space, Retained Fragments & Built Zone

44 m²

void

Library Visitor Information

10) New Green Space &

48 m²

City Departments

11) Developed Zones &

void

3 1a

47 m²

12005 1536 1697

Academic

Sixth Form College Campus Activities

Departmental Resources

void 12

staff only

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

Residential

Single Dwellings Affordable Housing

Apartments

staff only

---Stairwell locations (45m fire escape plan) ---Passenger and goods lifts at either end of buiding ---Multiple entrances (upper level and ground) dealt with by zoning upper-level entrance in triple height gift shop, with dedicated lift and staircase to ground reception.

Upper (Carpark) level entrance with Restaurant and Balcony verandas

1200 Mechanical glazed sliding door

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

Commercial

Hotels (renovation) Offices

Corporate Leasehold

void

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

Mixed-use

Retail Live-work

Lofts

C 9

1d 50 m²

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

Cultural

Existing cliff retaining wall to remain exposed

1:2000 Masterplan Massing and Landscaping Proposal

Slave Trade Museum Tourist Information

1 : 200

Climate-controlled HVAC zones 200x150x12 Steel columns

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

8) Reduced traffic routes & access

0 3 1 5 9 .8 7

void

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

7) Potential Development Zones

void

7 2 .8 1 3 5

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

B) Proposal

76 m²

B Existing 19th century timber framed industrial shed stripped back to structural oak members

void

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

2400

Gallery support steels 500x200x12

staff only

10E

154 m²

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

6) Key Routes, Green space and redundant areas

9 staff 16 only

4800

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

Pedestrian zones

43 m²

10 17

18f

1000

Fire escape

Site Development Boundary encompassing Bristol Temple Meads through St Mary Redcliffe and Phoenix Wharf

Small Hold & Boat-Build

8 m²

Trees

Cross Section North-South through Eastern end of commercial development fork showing public library and sixth form campus

24 m²

30 m²

22 m²

4) Undeveloped Areas,

staff only

8 m²

18c

3 Upper Entrance and Restaurant

26 m²

First Floor Mezzanine: International Slave Trade Exhibition:

1.Gift shop adjacent ground entrance, stair and lift from car park level entrance 2. Reception and ticketing 3. Open-plan Bristol exhibition with scope for large scale exhibits, interventions, sculptural exhibition and events exhibition 4. Coffee shop with seperate external access 5. Coffee shop prep-kitchen 6. Conference room 7. Cloaks and Locker room 8. Female WC's 9. Male WC's 10. Disabled access WC 11. Janitorial 12. Plant and storage: mechanical, lift machinery 13. Reception office and gift shop counter 14. Service elevator 15. Exterior courtyard 16. Gift shop store and storage access 17. Entry lift 18. Modular gallery units (a-f)

12005 1536 1697

Historic Fragments

1:20 Detailing of additional new storey to house restaurant in existing warehouse structure (through section A-A)

3) Main Routes &

5) Green Space,

1 : 200

Ground Floor Entrance, Reception, Coffee Shop and Bristol Slave Trade Exhibition:

NEW interior perspectives showing structural connections, artificial and natural lighting design, material finishes and experiential qualities

9) New Active Zone & Pedestrianisation around historic fragments

Ground floor gallery: Bristol Slave Trade and Redcliffe Industrial Heritage

154 m²

7 2 .8 1 3 5

1955 photo of Redcliffe Way from St Mary Redcliffe

Main Entrance and Reception, Gift Shop and lift from upper Car Park Level

Exploded Schematic: Circulation and Gallery Layout

void

Existing Redcliffe Sixth Form College in desperate need of new accommodation

Stairs and Lift

Section and part Elevation through museum proposal facing South

1:500 Wharf Development Context Plan

Photo showing former Redcliffe Way, flanked by shops and houses

WC’s, Lockers,

Room

(see Figure C)

void

Conference

10W

12 void

Existing Conditions: Site photos

1:5000 Urban Masterplan Proposal showing key complementary mixed-use categories integrated together into micro-zoning strategy

(7) Circulation and Layout Axo:

Coffee shop

room 7. Open-plan st 8. Staff locker r 9. Janitorial 10. Duct Riser 11. Service Elev 12. Disabled Re 13. Disabled Re 14. Store 15. Copying an 13

void

0 3 1 5 9 .8 7

Important Design Considerations: 2 (4) Thermal and Acoustic separation: visual connection with stone and brick walls: internal glazing 9

-Completely self-contained galleries within open-plan 50 m² non-heated ‘warehouse’-type container zone void -Separated thermally and acoustically from the large double-height temporary exhibition space by automatic sliding glazed doors exterior -Mezzanine level top-lit, whilst the ground floor hasvoid a multiple aspect windows, with strong connection to outside and the wharf, as exhibition relates to Bristol Slave Trade -Hard-wearing timber board ground floor has natural reverberance and lightweight 'feel': emphasise connection with outside wharf and 'light connection' to existing ground -Mezzanine and upper floors quiet 'comflor' concrete (6m span)

void

staff only

8 1b

47 m²

void

55 m²

50 m²

void

shaft 1a

void

11 3

7 2 .8 1 3 5

staff only

48 m²

void

141c

44 m²

void

exterior void

staff only

unheated circulation zone in stairwell separated by frameless architectural glazing

void

7 2 .8 1 3 5

0 3 1 5 9 .8 7

void

1d 50 m²

void

47 m²

void

48 m²

44 m²

void

staff only

0 Ground

void

shaft

exterior void

1 : 200

staff only

unheated circulation zone to rear of offices with glazed partition, providing space for machines, wc’s e.t.c. Ground Floor E

Slave Trade Exh

glazed walkway connection provides acoustic separation but still visually connected to stone cliff wall and lower galleries 3 141

521 m²

18e

18d 9 m²

15 m²

18c

8 m²

1000

4800

Fire escape

521 m²

2400

100 m²

521 m²

18e

18d 8 m²

staff

18c

8 m²

Page 3 of 5

9 m²

8 m²

18b

staff only

30 m²

Gallery support steels 500x200x12

18a

100 m²

22 m²

void

18f

8 m²

m²

staff only

12005 1536 1697

8 m²

18b

8 m²

18a

1.Gift shop adja park level entra 2. Reception an 3. Open-plan B exhibits, interv DN exhibition 4. Coffee shop 5. Coffee shop void 6. Conference r 7. Cloaks and L 8. Female WC's 9. Male WC's galleries separated thermally and acoustically from 10. Disabled ac unheated open-plan sculptures exhibition space 11. Janitorial 4

24 m²

Existing 19th century timber framed industrial shed stripped back to structural oak members

200x150x12 Steel columns 2

100 m²

staff only

2400x1200 Corten Steel Panels affixed to lateral timber sips panels to structural steels

22 m²

30 m²

Existing

Important Design Considerations: (5, 6) Standardised Construction: Structural logic, post-industrial quality, and staircase design -Structural grid defined by corten panel sizes and staircase widths: 2400 spaces used as skylights with voids all the way to ground floor -wide 1200 precessional staircases (300mm tread depth) with 1000 fire escape and general circulation stairs (280mm tread deoth) -Standardised construction materials to be used for all aspects (hard-wearing, sturdy industrial feel as opposed to bespoke, fine tuned or intricate detailing) to create crisp, well defined juxtaposition with old building fabric.

The Waterhouse at South Bund by NHDRO: post-industrial quality, juxtaposition of new and old

Precessional staircase against old brick wall: effect imagined for triple height entrance space

Page 4 of 5

Stair constructed from standard galvanised steel sections (quality envisaged for design, but with glass balustrade)

HVAC, electrical and lighting services installation to be fitted in exposed galvanised accessories

Urban Outfitters Store: doubling use of galvanised steel electrical conduit as sculptural installation

Grey Epoxy resin painted floor finish for upper level concrete decks provides a durable finish with an unusual industrial quality, usually used for warehouse and garage applications

Page 5 of 5

14mm Fibre-cement board used as internal wall finish as opposed to plasterboard: usually used as a backing substrate for tiled applications, provides a cheap, long-lasting durable finish that juxtaposes the warm existing brick walls