2019 - Trondheim, Norway - Group 2

ROMOLSLIA

URBAN ECOLOGICAL PLANNING

Figure

Map of Romolslia, aerial view

Trondheim

Romolslia

Urban Ecological Planning

AAR4525 Urban Informality: Project

Faculty of Architecture and Design

Department of Architecture and Planning

Norwegian University of Science and Technology

September - December 2019

Augustine Amankwaa, Laura Flóra Podoski, Sanaz Akbari Koli, Yoann Rouzières

Figure 2. Gamle Bybro, Trondheim

PREFACE

This report is the outcome of the one-semester fieldwork taking place in a suburban area of Trondheim called Romolslia, Norway. The fieldwork was conducted by students of the 2 year International Master of Science Programme in Urban Ecological Planning (UEP) under the Faculty of Architecture and Design at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU).

The Trondheim Fieldwork was also complementing the project Borgerkraft initiated by the municipality of Trondheim. The collaboration was performed by data - and idea sharing, as well as by common participatory events organized in the community of Romolslia.

The Trondheim Team started the Trondheim Fieldwork together as one group until the performed presentation of the Situational Analysis. After this point the students splitted into two teams and worked independently on their proposals and reports. However, all the participatory methods were kept in collaboration between the two teams.

The participatory events were also shared with students of the Industrial Design Engineering program at NTNU, who had a project related to Romolslia. The observation data, findings and notes of these participatory community events were open and shared between all students from UEP and from Industrial Design Engineering.

TEAM PRESENTATION

Augustine Amankwaa

From Ghana, with a background in Development Planning.

His curiosity for Area Based Planning brought him to NTNU.

Yoann Rouzières

From France, with a background in Urban Planning and Design. His love for the Scandinavian avant-garde vision of Architecture and Urban Planning brought him to Norway.

Sanaz Akbari Koli

A Landscape Architect originally from this planet with a background in Architecture. Her enthusiasm to learn about the Scandinavian unique nature, culture and climate brought her from Iran to Norway.

Laura Flóra Podoski

Originally from Hungary, living in Norway since 2009.

Background in Civil and Environmental Engineering. A green movement enthusiast.

Her love for culture, environment and sustainability brought her to UEP.

Figure

Wooden structure, Romolslia, authors’ cliché

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Every teamwork done is a result of inputs from different personalities. We are much grateful to our able professors and advisors Prof. Peter Andreas Gotsch, Prof. Rolee Aranya, Dr. Brita Fladvad Nielsen, Hanne Vrebos, David Smith and Eszter Marklund-Nagy for their unflinching support, motivation and guidance for our fieldwork. Their constructive criticisms and suggestions put this work into perspective, and this study would not have been developed without them.

We are really indebted to Trondheim Kommune for offering us collaboration on the Borgerkraft project, the office space and the keen interest during our fieldwork. A special thanks to Kristin Solhaug Næss, for being the most important link between us and the municipality of Trondheim. Without them the group would not have achieved trust from the community of Romolslia.

We are particularly grateful to the residents of Romolslia, who spent their time to participate in our interviews, workshops and other methods during our fieldwork. We could not in the least forget the entire management of Romolslia Borettslag, for offering us an office space in the Rolia community house. A special thanks to the Romlingan group of retired people for receiving us on their monthly meeting as well. The cooperation and enthusiasm of the staff and the students of Romolslia Skole and Romolslia Barnehage are also highly valued.

And finally, lots of thanks to our families and friends for being there for us through thin and thick of it all.

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ABSTRACT

The study of Romolslia - an important development potential in Trondheim, is anthropocentric with a focus on the existing structures in the area, sharing this vision with the municipality of Trondheim. The 3 months Trondheim Fieldwork is aiming to contribute to the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals in Norway, set by the United Nations.

The context is set by the Situational Analysis resulting in the necessary data to assure the accuracy of the suggested improvements in later phases. Mapping of the stakeholders persuade the legitimacy of the possible changes in the area. Citizen engagement, participatory activities and area-based approaches ensure the real-life impacts of the Trondheim Fieldwork.

As a result of Romolslia’s situational interpretation, proposals for improvement are offered for consideration. Building on already existing structures, current positive assets and the major needs for improvement, the ideas are proposed in a long- and short term aspect, as well as in a priority order, taking the local opinions into account. The proposals are contributing in the elaboration of meeting points , inclusion of the youth and the utilization of the green potentials in the area.

In the hope of real-life implementation, the results are shared with the community of Romolslia, and with the municipality of Trondheim.

Figure

Romolslia’s landscape, authors’ cliché

Nature plays a very important role in Norwegian peoples’ lives. Therefore, urban implementations aim to build a bridge between humans and nature.

Figure 6. Sohlberplassen Viewpoint, Norway

TABLE

Figure

Trøndelag region

Reflection on Situational Analysis

Methodology

Stakeholder

Figure

Romolslia’s landscape, authors’ cliché

Bakklandet, Trondheim

INTRODUCTION

Standing on the Old Town Bridge in Bakklandet, also called “The portal of happiness”, it feels like being taken “back to future” of the 1600’s. Restaurants, cafés and evocative pedestrian zones makes this historical area a vibrant and social meeting point in the city of Trondheim; an exceptional environment for innovation, science and different cultures.

The urban development strategy for Trondheim towards 2050 expects an increase with over 50 000 new inhabitants, meaning the need for 25 000 new homes. The strategy is aiming this growth to contribute in the creation of a more attractive and climate friendly city. A more compact urban development - with a stronger focus on housing, public junctions and local centres, is proposed in this strategy (Trondheim Kommune, 2019)

Only a 15 minutes bus ride South from Trondheim city centre, green landscape, spatial open areas and more scattered housing are the main characteristics of a place called Romolslia. Children are playing freely in nature, having numerous playgrounds and green fields to explore. Apparently there is a small centre with some public services present, despite the lack of the sight of local people spending their free time there. Groups of youth are spotted around one of the few benches situated by a big football field in the central area.

What lies behind the first impressions of Romolslia? What does this green and spacious suburban area have to offer for its residents? Can the atmosphere of Romolslia improve inspired by places like Bakklandet? Urban Ecological Planning students tried to get under the surface of this Nordic half rural, half urban community.

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SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS

GEOGRAPHY

Located in the centre of Norway (Figure 11), in the Sør-Trondelag region, on the edge of Trondheimsfjorden, Trondheim is the third largest city after Oslo and Bergen. Home to almost 200 000 inhabitants and approximately 40 000 students.

Romolslia is part of the municipality of Trondheim with about 2 000 inhabitants (Trondheim City Council, 2012), located South of downtown Trondheim at a distance of about 7 kilometres.

The neighbourhood is composed of three housing cooperations (boresttlag), namely Flatåsaunet - in the South, Romolslia - in the middle, and finally Okstadøy - in the North.

From a geographical and landscape point of view, Romolslia enjoys a relaxing and pleasant setting thanks to its surroundings and predominant nature, being distanced from the urbanized city while still remaining its connectivity.

The area is nestled among hills and valleys (Figure 10) with spruce, birch and beech forests, as well as streams. There are three distinct landscape patterns in the area, namely scattered, dense and open spaces or lawns.

10. Romolslia topography

Romolslia

CLIMATE

The illustrated climate wheel (Figure 12) gives some general information about the climate elements such as precipitation, sunlight cycle and wind direction, based on the collected data from 2018-2019 (Weather Spark, 2019)

Precipitation :

The grey colour indicates the maximum and minimum precipitation throughout the year. It includes the total amount of rain, hail, snow or dew, measured in mm per unit of time. According to the collected data, between August and September the precipitation was the highest among all, while April was the driest month.

Daylight hours :

The climate wheel shows the variety of daylight over the year represented with light green colour. The shortest day was December 22, with 4 hours and 30 minutes of daylight, and the longest day was June 21, with 20 hours and 36 minutes of daylight.

Wind :

The wind directions are displayed with arrows on the climate wheel. The winds from the North were warmer, while the prevailing winter winds from the Southwest were colder.

Temperature :

The warm season in Trondheim lasted 3 months from June to September with an average high temperature above 15°C. The cold season lasted 4 months from November to March with an average temperature below 3,5°C.

HISTORY

The written history of Romolslia reaches to shortly before the 1600s. According to Rørtveit & Setten (2015), the present name originated from Romulslia after the Romul farm in Melhus in the Trøndelag region. As shown on the Historical timeline (Figure 14), Romolslia was not itself a “district” until the 1970s. It had been a property of Flatås Farm until it was subdivided later in the 1600s.

The historical evolution of Romolslia (Figure 13) illustrates the contrast between the existing infrastructures and the landscape of 1947. Highlighted green areas represent the changes of the forest pattern throughout the decades. Zooming into the central part of Romolslia, a water stream and a line of trees are detectable from the areal photo of 1952 (Figure 13’). Additionally, some history of Romolslia is preserved by a protected cultural heritage; a building from 1952, situated in the central part of the area, which once was a part of Rumulslia gård.

Figure 14 points out the beginning of urban development in the 1960s, due to demand for high-quality residential areas and the growing economic vitality of the Trøndelag region. Between 1960 and 1974, the municipality selected Romolslia district to be master planned and to accommodate low-income residents in an environment where they might feel proud and responsible (Rørtveit & Setten, 2015, p8) .

The Historical timeline (Figure 14) ends with today’s Romolslia, that can be called a suburban district which has gained this distinction by providing shelter for over 800 families.

Historical evolution of Romolslia

Figure 13’. Picture of Romolslia, 1952

Water stream

HISTORICAL TIMELINE

ARCHITECTURE TYPOLOGY

Romolslia is divided into three distinct areas which are all different from one another in terms of architectural typology (Figure 16).

Flatåsaunet is characterized by collective housings of the 1970s, which have recently been renovated, allowing them to increase their value. The housings are four floors height maximum, grey and mainly made of aluminium cover and concrete. After the renovation, 1 from figure 17 shows that the façades have been modernized with the addition of terraces and balconies, giving a more warm and friendly atmosphere to the housings.

Romolslia borettslag occupies a central position of the area. Indeed, the three towers of about 12 floors height are the central landmarks of Romolslia 4 (Figure 17) . Further, the rest of the area is composed of collective housings, which are smaller and more welcoming. The wooden structure and the red colour allow to identify Scandinavian and Norwegian authentic architecture. The towers, however, are not welcoming, being made of diverse materials with grey ton.

Okstadøy mainly consists of individual housings 3 (Figure 17) in a more authentic style, constructed of wood, with a larger colour panel (red, yellow, white,…). However, this area was not urbanized until the 1980s.

Romolslia

INFRASTRUCTURE

CONNECTIVITY

Romolslia has an access road that divide from the secondary road Bjørndalen, which is parallel to the E6 highway (Figure 18).

Smaller streets connect the access road providing entrance to the neighbourhoods. Some of these streets lack sidewalks posing threats to kids and other pedestrians. The road system is ending in ‘cul-de-sac’, which limits the neighbourhood’s accessibility, also in case of emergency.

Moreover, there is a railway running parallel to Romoslia on the West, illustrated on the map (Figure 18). Romolslia is linked to the railway by a pathway. Previously there was a train stop along the railway in Romolslia, but it does not exist anymore. The stop was removed due to low patronage, referring to some residents.

Further, there are walking/biking lanes from the central part of Romolslia to Flatåsaunet, Okstadøy and other neighbouring areas. Additionally, some walking paths in the open landscape may be steep, making it difficult for the elderly to get around.

Access

Bus number 20 connects Romolslia with the city centre of Trondheim. There are three designated stops in the area, distributed along the access road. The stops are installed with shelters. The terminus on the end of the road has a charging station for the bus. On figure 19, the location of all bus stops are pointed out.

Earlier, there was a bus stop on Bjørndalen road, called Okstadøy. This stop was accessible both from Okstadøy and Romolslia, which is out of function today. As a result, there is no direct connection between Romolslia and Heimdal anymore. Residents have to transfer either in Sluppen, Studentersamfundet or the city centre, to reach other parts of the region.

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CAR & BIKE PARKING

Parking places for vehicles are also present in Romolslia. Some in the central part are quite spacious. According to some residents there are “many parking lots are left empty during daytime, while inhabitants are working outside of Romolslia”. On the other hand, some employees working in Romolslia say that “it is a lack of parking lots in the area”.

In addition, there are some unevenly distributed bike parkings in Romolslia. Unstructured parking for bikes without racks for locking are unevenly available. This has led to many instances of bike stealing according to the locals.

WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES

Romolslia has eco- and user-friendly waste management facilities, equipped with a central recycling station and waste collection points in the residential areas. These facilities are provided to collect waste in a sorted manner, and the collection sites are neatly kept by the community maintenance service. The waste is mainly collected by Trondheim waste management.

Figure 22. Waste collecting points, Romolslia, authors’ cliché

Figure 21. Recycling station, Romolslia, authors’ cliché

Figure 20. Bike parking, Trondheim

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STORES

A commercial centre is situated in the middle of Romolslia. As shown in the map (Figure 23), tenants using the centre are Bunnpris supermarket, Viva Napoli restaurant and Luna Beauty and Wellness.

HEALTCARE

There is no local medical office with doctors in Romolslia. A local health clinic; Romolslia Helsestasjon is offering services for families with children between 0-5 years, marked on the map Services and Functionalities (Figure 23). There are two nurses working in the health clinic, sharing the responsibilities for the families. A school nurse is being accountable for the children of the primary school. The services are free, having a focus on health promotion, prevention and early intervention.

Referring to the leader of Romolslia Helsestasjon, the nurses are experiencing difficulties due to lack of resources in terms of employees and financial funding. They find it challenging to prioritize, which they are forced to do, regarding the lack of labour capacity.

Figure

Romolslia’s school & Healthcare centre, authors’ cliché

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SPORT

Romolslia has a sport club called Romoslia Sportsklubb (RSK). It provides sports activities, mainly football for children, youth and adults. The football club has approximately 210 members. Romolslia Sportsklubb has grown gradually over the years and is now experiencing greater involvement in the local area than before, referring to some members. The football field in Romolslia, located in the heart of the area (Figure 23), was the result of a 10 year self-financed project arranged by the members. Instead of the small dressing room, which was meant to be temporary when constructed 10 years ago, the football club now plans to build a new building, that will also accommodate the new community house. This project is already confirmed by the municipality of Trondheim, and the building will be located on the Southeaster corner of the football field. The current dressing room operates a kiosk occasionally, according to bigger sport events on the football field.

There is a small local gym located in Storflata; one of the central areas of Romolslia. It provides fitness service only to the residents of Storflata, with different exercise equipments, shower and sauna.

EDUCATION

The educational services in Romolslia are consisting of a kindergarten and a primary school. Centrally located, the kindergarten is the first step in the children’s educational process.

Followingly, the primary school is the next step towards their maturity. The school provides a modest selection of music lessons for its students. Functioning in the same building as the Healthcare centre, the primary school is spacious with great outdoor opportunities. Both institutes are marked on the Services and Functionalities map (Figure 23). The lack of further educational services emerge in the fact that the youth have to make use of other institutions in the neighbouring areas.

Figure

Match day in Romolslia, authors’ cliché

SOCIAL & CULTURAL

A unique social feature of Romolslia is the community house called Rolia Grendehus. It was realized with financial support from the municipality of Trondheim in the early 1980’s, located in the centre of Romolslia (Figure 23). It is owned by the Romolslia housing cooperative, equipped with a spacious kitchen and basic facilities for comfort. It provides rental opportunity for joint- and private events. Despite the numerous benefits this facility provides for the local people, many see it as uneconomical considering the sole function it provides. Additionally, Romolslia housing cooperative owns another community apartment equipped with kitchen, bathroom and two rooms, located in the ground floor in one of the tall towers (Figure 23).

There are no various number of activities for adults and youth in Romolslia. Due to in-depth interviews with adults and some of the elderly, their need for social meeting places is over average, wishing to know their neighbours better. In spite of, the children have a good selection of playgrounds and the elderly have an activity group called Romlingan. The facilities of the playgrounds are stocked with scanty playing toys and inadequate benches. These kind of playgrounds serve only little kids to the neglect of the youth. This situation has led to apathy and deviancy on parts of the youth. The youth have access to a youth club in Saupstad, a 1520 forest path walk from Romolslia. There has been some issues evolving the youth, regarding the lack of meeting spaces for this interest group in the area. In the past, youth have done damage to the area purely out of boredom, referring to the leader of the kindergarten. Regarding in-depth interviews with some youth, the youth club in Saupstad has a bad reputation for alcohol and drug use.

Figure

Rolia Grendehus, authors’ cliché

REFLECTION ON SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS

The green lawns in Romolslia are the characteristics of the area, despite their underutilization. The sunny parts of these open spaces are reminders of the times with farming traditions. Referring to the locals, the soil consists mainly of quick clay, which is good for agriculture, also limiting the construction of new buildings in the area. The central stream of Romolslia has been kept in underground pipes for the last decades. The biodiversity decreased by the disappearance of the trees previously being located by the stream. Seasonal changes in sunlight, vegetation cover and temperature are significant for this region. Since the 1970s’, the majority of the buildings have not been renovated, and many buildings lack façade maintenance. Lack of bike parking and unevenly distributed parking lots for cars are in disharmony with the green potentials of the area. Absence of meeting points, activities and social - cultural interactions appearing to be deficiencies, referring to the residents.

Figure

Lake reflection, Trondheim, authors’ cliché

Figure 28. Romolslia school and football field, authors’ cliché

METHODOLOGY

In advance of the fieldwork itself, the students got introduced to the socalled “UEP-approach” by theoretical lectures and hands-on workshops. The approach builds on an integrated area-based situational analysis followed by strategic proposals, made through a process of participatory methods.

Guided by insights from Sanders (2002, p.3); “Discovering what people think and know provides us with their perceptions of experience. Understanding how people feel gives us the ability to empathize with them”. Therefore, students became acquainted with the community through daily interactions. They discovered the complex realities of the geographically targeted area, noticing its’ specific assets and challenges. Using design thinking and participatory methods, the students aimed to engage the community to become active participants.

During the first two weeks of the fieldwork, students became familiar with the targeted area through their visits and networking initiatives within the community. As the first step towards broader understanding, students performed their Situational Analysis, which they presented for the professors, fellow students and the municipality of Trondheim. Followingly, mapping of all potential stakeholders was performed, which in later stages was simplified and narrowed down, according to the targeted focus points in the area.

Moving on, the Trondheim Team arranged several community workshops, visits and other participatory activities with the community, in a hope of trust building- and gathering necessary data for the proposals. The students

continued returning to participatory methods and activities in the entire duration of the fieldwork, continuously integrating the feedback into the design process.

The focus on design thinking, critical thinking, and the follow-ups of the feedback maintained the proposals’ accuracy and relevance throughout the entire extent of the fieldwork. In the generating process of the proposals, the students aimed for an improved livelihood in Romolslia, based on the detected needs and issues. The result manifested itself in a duo of proposals; Short Term Proposal (STP) and Long Term Proposal (LTP).

Within both, it is intended to prioritize the different components of the proposals. The STP is potentially easier to target and achieve, as well as its importance is estimated to be higher. The LTP is a further development of the STP, and the effort of achievement is considered higher, as well as the importance of implementation lower.

Due to Borgerkraft - a higher scale real project in the area, the Trondheim Fieldwork got a chance to be an authentic and relevant catalizator in this real life situation. Together with the municipality of Trondheim, meetings and consultation were held on citizen engagement and participatory methods.

Figure 29. The proposal presentation, authors’ cliché

Figure

Romolslia Boresttlag, authors’ cliché

STAKEHOLDER MAPPING

Stakeholder analysis is defined by Schmeer (2000) to encompass the process of systematically gathering- and analysing qualitative information to determine whose interests should be taken into account when developing, and/ or implementing a policy or program. There are a number of individuals, groups and institutions who can affect the development of Romolslia in diverse ways. The first stakeholder mapping was performed in an early phase, which later was edited and narrowed down to the major interest groups detected. The changes on the stakeholder map were done regarding the significant topics identified during the participatory activities (p.65-82). The most relevant stakeholders are highlighted are identified with their respective interest and power levels mapped in the power/interest grid attached (Figure 32).

Trondheim Kommune is an administrative subdivision of the Norwegian government with an elected local council, which may extend over several cities or towns. The municipality represents the government and applies its laws, making it a substantial power holder within urban planning practice. By this virtue, it is a main stakeholder in the fieldwork; it can either agree and accept the proposals or reject them outright. The municipality is highly interested in Romolslia’s area, as evinced by its current investigations, for instance through the project called Borgerkraft.

Borgerkraft is a temporary project of the municipality of Trondheim, aiming to ensure sustainable development in communities through citizen power and local initiatives. The project has a special focus on Romolslia, Heimdal, Saupstad, Koldstad, Huseby and Flatåsen. With 1 million Norwegian kroner to distribute, Borgerkraft operates within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (United Nations, 2015). It provides planning support and legal navigation in local initiatives that contribute to sustainability. The power of election is in the hands of the citizen jury derived from Borgerkraft’s work (Trondheim Kommune, 2019) . With the aforementioned, Borgerkraft potentially wields significant interest and power over the progress and results of this fieldwork.

Romolslia Sportsklubb is the most visible local involvement in the area. Romolslia Sportsklubb appears to be an essential identity of the community. Its presence is an important fundament of economic and volunteer activities in the area. Members, the kiosk, and a couple of sponsors are maintaining the football field, making the football club an influential stakeholder.

Romolslia Skole and Barnerhage provides children a kickstart on their educational journey. Children in Norway begin primary school at the age 6 and finish at 14. Romolslia primary school, with 180 students and 25 employees, is located beside Romolslia Helsestasjon. The partnership between the primary school and kindergarten is strong. The school has a tradition of visiting all kindergartens in the area to get to know the children before they begin their studies. The school and the kindergarten express willingness to create positive changes in Romolslia, being powerful and highly interested stakeholders.

Youth in Romolslia appeared as a high priority stakeholder. They have been identified through conversations with different other stakeholders and residents. The youth are identified as teenagers of ages ranging from 13 to 19 years old (United Nations, 1985). Referring to conversation with other stakeholders, there is little public recreation for the youth in Romolslia, pushing them somewhere else to carry out less productive (or even destructive) activities. In the past, the youth have been, by comparison, forgotten and have not yet seized a strong voice over community building opportunities. In this fieldwork, the youth do not have the control and the power to make sweeping

changes. However, there is a hidden but high interest in the development of spaces for them in Romolslia.

The Elderly , despite some obstacles that come with suburban living, are reported to hold positive attitudes toward their community. These attitudes include attachment to community, active social participation and a sense of belonging. Romolslia elders are aiming to find meaning in their relationship with the neighbourhood. The elderly possess much information for further community development, thus having a high interest. They desire to achieve greater life satisfaction, psychological well-being and health.

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Figure 34. Romolslia Skole, athors’ cliché

Romlingan is a self organised group of 17 retired people from the area. The group has been functioning for 8 years led by one of the members herself. Romlingan do not receive financial funding, they operate completely self-funded. Most of the members have lived in the area for several decades. According to Romlingan members, they gather every last Thursday of each month at the community house. They also organize Christmas dinner, Easter lunch and other gatherings. As a tradition, they go on a day-trip every year. Their engagement makes them a high interest stakeholder.

The Housing Cooperatives run cooperative residential areas in Romolslia. There are three cooperatives in the area, namely Romolslia, Flatåsaunet and Okstadøy Borettslag. They consist of unit teams and exercise small governance through executive boards with representatives. Romolslia Borettslag manages Rolia, which is a central meeting point for all local stakeholders. The cooperatives have the power to initiate and accomplish projects, making them a powerful high interest stakeholder.

Figure

Wooden path over wetland, Trondheim, authors’ cliché

Figure

View from Rolia, authors’ cliché

PARTICIPATORY METHODS

INTRODUCTION

The different participatory methods were planned in a thoughtful manner, to be able to gather opinions from all the different groups of residents in the area. The various interest groups were targeted in the adapted ways respectively. The design process was revisited and reworked after each participatory activity continuously throughout the fieldwork.

Figure

Map & Worshop activities

TRANSECT WALK

As the very first attempt for participatory engagement, a transect walk was done to come in touch with the community. The people who agreed on participating in the walk, were addressed in three different areas of the community. This method included observations, questions and listening while walking and sketching the information. The sketches later were developed and represented visually in form of a transect diagram (Figure 39)

People who joined the transect walk were mostly happy with the safe and peaceful atmosphere of Romolslia. They pointed out the green landscape, specifically the great environment for kids to grow up. They generally liked the qualities of their neighbourhood, and they also wanted to maintain it and make it even greener.

Generally this method gave positive and observable impressions of Romolslia. Unless questioned directly, participants did not provide critical comments and in-depth information on any negative aspects.

Garbage bin

GOOGLE SURVEY

Introduction

To gather more opinions, an online survey was created and shared with the community through social media, email and other indirect communication channels. Out of the approximately 2 000 residents, 204 people completed the survey. According to the data, all the participants were residents of Romolslia, and 57% of them live in the central part of the area. The questions evolved around transportation/accessibility, public services, outdoor activities, cultural activities, quality of life, children/youth, positive aspects and last but not least, potential improvements.

Statistics

EMPLOYMENT

HAVE CHILDREN

USERS

Figure 41. Kindergarten workshop, authors’ cliché

Figure 42. Kindergarten workshop, authors’ cliché

KINDERGARTEN WORKSHOP

Introduction

A workshop for 15 children from the Kindergartens’ last grade was performed in an early phase of the fieldwork. The class was divided into 4 groups and each group was supervised by a teacher. The main activity of the workshop was drawing. Children expressed through drawings their relationship to the neighbourhood. They drew their perception of Romolslia, represented on figure 43 below.

Results Conclusion

Green open spaces

Colorful neighbourhood

Good playgrounds

Nature & natural elements

Outdoor activities

Main positive opinions

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Biking paths

Football field

Figure 43. Main positive opinions from Kindergarten activity

Most of the children ended up drawing natural elements such as sun, snow, tree, flowers and insects. They, indeed, appreciated the nature and all the green spaces in Romolslia. In fact, there are many playgrounds in Romolslia that were represented in their drawings (Figure 41 & 42). In addition to the playgrounds, the children really appreciated the snow and the activity related to that. Many children expressed the fact that they like the football field, even though they were mainly boys. One girl drew a football ball with a cross over to represent her dislike, but on the other hand she really liked the biking path in Romolslia. In general the children gave colourful representations of Romolslia, seeming to like and appreciate their neighbourhood.

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Introduction

COMMUNITY WORKSHOP

A participatory workshop was organised for Romolslia community. It was performed in the evening, a time when everybody was expected to have returned from work. The participants were mainly engaged in focus group discussions, mapping and brainstorming activities. Pre-phrased focus areas were given to the participants to set in an individual prioritized order. Topics were prepared for the second activity in order to engage creative discussions. The last activity evolved around an aerial map to locate the physical assets of the neighbourhood. Out of these activities, major needs, positive opinions and potentials in the community were developed. These are shown on figure 46 & 46’.

Figure 44. Mapping activity, authors’ cliché

Ranking of the pre-phrased focus area

Conclusion

On a whole, the workshop was a success in content despite the low attendance. Participants seemed enthusiastic about improvements in Romolslia. Their main concerns were expressed on activities that tend to bring people together as a community, activities to engage the youth, and the need to make the centre of the town more attractive. During the workshop, both positive and negative pins were located on the map while potential new ideas were noted down. The local newspaper; Heimdalsbladet attended in order to create awareness around the citizen engagement in Romolslia.

Figure

SCHOOL WORKSHOP

Figure

Introduction

A workshop for 5th and 7th grade students from the elementary school divided into 4 activities was organized. The children performed activities, namely, kahoot - an interactive quiz, map- and collage making, storytelling and co-designing. They were given a context and some tools to develop their own ideas for improvements. They were allowed to use their fantasy in order to express their perception of Romolslia. Their opinions are summarized on figure 50 & 50’.

Results

Green open spaces

Each others’ trampolines

Main positive opinions

Playing outdoors

The Football club

Candy from the grocery store

Collage & drawing activities,

Figure 50. Outcome of the school workshop

Train stop

Meeting points

Circus/waterpark/trampoline park

Candy store

Main wishes & needs

New dressing room for the Football club

Figure 50’. Outcome of the school workshop

Tribune at the football field

Conclusion

In general, most of the children have a feeling of a strong belonging to Romolslia and like living in the area. Although, most of them are aware of the lack of after school activities other than football, which is something that makes many of them dissatisfied. Some of the children were open about their loneliness and boredom. Generally, they feel home in Romolslia and fancy the big, open and green spaces. Still, they are very much dependent on the connectivity to Trondheim city centre, Heimdal and Saupstad, when it comes to their free-time activities and hobbies.

Figure 51. Children’s collages & drawings, authors’ cliché

TV AKSJONEN & ELDERLY MEETING

TV Aksjonen

Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK) arranges an annual national charity fundraising event. The Trondheim Fieldwork joined and walked with local citizens in Romolslia, knocking on peoples’ door in one of the towers, asking them to contribute to the fundraising.

In general, people living in the towers seemed less engaged and integrated in the community than other residents. Approximately 25% of the tower residents opened the door to the fund-raisers, even though they received a notice about this activity beforehand. According to conversations with the participants during the event, the previous observation was confirmed. By the end of the day, soup was served and the community feeling was present. People seemed to know each other well, and there was a good atmosphere among the residents who were engaged in the charity activity. At the end, one participant from the Trondheim Fieldwork got a lift together with a few children to Trondheim centre.

Figure 52. Cliché of the team taken by Sanaz Akbari Koli

Train stop

Elderly meeting

Introduction

A visit at the monthly meeting with Romlingan was arranged by low key conversations over a cup of coffee. They were allowed to express their opinions, which are summarized on figure 53.

Green open spaces

Results Conclusion

Better accessibility

Main wishes & needs

Nice area for walking around outdoors

Little vehicle traffic

Main positive opinions

Children-friendly

Other facilities and services

Meeting points

Place to rest on the walking paths

Other grocery store

Figure 53. Outcome of the elderly meeting

The main understanding from this visit was that the retired people share the opinion on the power of private initiatives in Romolslia, despite the lack of engagement. During the meeting, they got reminded of previous local projects that turned out well, and seemed to be motivated to start thinking of new ones. Most of them expressed that it is significant to have responsibility in their community. Being a useful part of the society is something that they are trying to maintain in their lives.

In general, the Romlingan group is nice, small and cosy. Although the members experience that it is difficult to get new people to join. Within the group, the members have a strong sense of community, despite the lack of connections outside their group.

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SUMMARY PARTICIPATORY ACTIVITIES

The participatory activities undertaken during the fieldwork revealed major needs and potentials of Romolslia, that could be utilised to improve the community. The goal of these activities was to get a holistic overview of the history and the current situation. It is understood that the participatory methods might not have reached out to absolutely all groups and individuals in the area. However, the interactions with the community gave an adequate perception of the studied neighbourhood. It is considered that the interpretation could be a critical point in the understanding of reality.

Figure 54 sums up the ideas that kept on showing up during the different community engagement activities. These are grouped into 4 categories, namely, outdoor activities, meeting points, community gardening and other services and facilities. These results formed the basis of the proposals presented in the next chapter.

Figure

Kindergarten, Romolslia, authors’ cliché

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PROPOSALS

Based on the information gathered through research and participatory methods during the fieldwork, a proposal concept was identified. According to the mapped positive assets, the development potentials and needs (Figure 54), three focal points were selected as the fundamentals concept. The proposals are aiming to contribute to the development of Romolslia in the direction of the focal points. The three focal points are:

Meeting points Youth Green potentials

Feedback from the participatory chapter (p.65-82), in forms of potentials and positive/ negative comments from the whole area, are brought together and aimed to be solved in the central part of Romolslia. Regarding the many ideas arising in terms of the complementation of this concept, the different proposals were divided into two main phases: short and long term proposals. Each phase complement each other in making Romolslia centre lively and active, providing meeting points for people with all backgrounds. Additionally, the proposals are focusing on solving the issues related to the youth . Further, the proposals are also poised to maximise the underutilised green potentials of the area. Unique about the concept is that almost all resources are already in place. It is a matter of reorganizing and connecting these to create targeted effects and maximum benefits.

As a result, a simplified sketch (Figure 56) illustrates the proposed ideas in the current context, consisting of the torg, community garden and park.

SHORT TERM PROPOSAL

In the short term, two main ideas are prioritized. The first priority focuses on a torg concept, and the second priority focuses on a community garden idea. The reason for this priority is the interpreted significance of the ideas in context to the current situation of the area.

TORG

Torg means city square in Norwegian. It is used for naming a central area where people gather around a variety of services and punctual events. Romolslia’s torg is proposed, consisting of the existing streets transformed into a traffic restricted avenue with services. Figure 23 (p.39) shows the existing services along the main street of the torg, such as Bunnpris, Luna Beauty, Kindergarten and community house. The proposed services would be integrated into the building of Rolia, which is planned to be moved with its functions to a new building, yet to be constructed, together with the football club (Situational Analysis, p.12-15).

In the proposal, Rolia Grendehus would be divided into two parts, hosting a suggested Youth Club and Café. The rationale behind this concept is to provide meeting points, and also to make place for the youth where they can channel their energy into useful activities.

The Youth Club, referring to interviewed parents, would help to avoid the youth becoming involved in unsafe activities and other acts of deviance (Community workshop, p.73-76). Talking directly to the youth, their need for a local place holding in- and outdoor activities was detected (School workshop, p.77-78). The unused steep adjoining area of the building would be equipped with a climbing wall, realising its vibrant outdoor potential for the youth (Figure 59). The inside of the Youth Club would be furnished with sofas and games, bringing the youth together. The games may include table tennis, table soccer, billiard, video games, among others.

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Figure 58. Inspiration for the Torg proposal

Oslo Oslo VäxjöBordeaux Copenhagen

Copenhagen

A Café is proposed to create an arena bringing people together. This would reduce the gap between people with different backgrounds, improving the strength of the community. As a common result of all participatory activities, the need for meeting points would be addressed by this establishment. As illustrated (Figure 59), the Café would be extended by a terrace and tables in the green open space, thus linking urban functions to natural assets. Inside of the Café, a kitchen will also be created, where food from the community garden could be cooked and shared.

Fruit trees, bushes and flowers requested by the residents would be planted along the two streets, as shown on the illustration (Figure 57). Also for security reasons, vehicle traffic would be restricted from the torg area. Parents mentioned that the entrance of the kindergarten is unsafe due to the parking lots behind Bunnpris. The trees, by obstructing vehicles, makes it safer and nicer for pedestrians. Urban furnitures would be arranged across the torg to invite people spending more time outside. An interactive social atmosphere would be promoted, thus realising an important desire of the community.

Finally, extending the existing green potentials from the open space towards the façades will soften the current sharp edges (Figure 58). The aesthetical aspects would be enhanced by the vegetation growing vertically. Regarding the reflection on the situational analysis (p.47), there is a need for façade renovation, which in this way would be possible to achieve.

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Torg

Figure

the Torg

Climbing wall

Bringing back people’s pleasant memory of farming, a community garden is proposed, as suggested by participants of the community workshop (Figure 46’, p.75).

The community garden serves to engage and gather people of all ages from planting, through harvesting, to cooking. An improvement in the sense of belonging, ownership and communal spirit, referring to the residents, is envisaged by this proposal. The gardening activity also seeks to maximize the use of underutilized spaces of the area, which was one of the major concerns detected during the participatory activities. Figure 60 shows the proposed location of the community garden.

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Inspired by an already existing community gardening in Trondheim; Kneiken Felleshage (Figures 61 & 62), a permaculture garden is proposed. Permaculture is a concept developed by Bill Mollison, using ecosystem designs to produce sustainable yields to meet society’s material and non-material needs (New Scientist, 1989) . The idea of using permaculture concerning the community garden came from the participants of the community workshop (p.73-76). The design discourages individualism and promotes group ownership and activity. The aim is to invite people to participate in local food production, towards a more sustainable neighbourhood.

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It is proposed to reduce the size of the parking lot in the centre to give space for the community garden and seasonal events. The location is sunny to support gardening, acting as a welcoming entrance to Romolslia. It is closed to the proposed wetland from the LTP (p.99), enabling the use of its waters for the garden. The harvest from the garden could be cooked and eaten together in the kitchen of the close-by Café (p.91), or the other community apartment in the tall tower.

Referring to the community workshop (p.73-76), there are mixed opinions on the importance of this parking lot. The need of parking lots during sport events, and the daily use for employees living outside of Romolslia, is taken into consideration. Alternative parking lots were suggested by some of the participants during the workshop. Considering the possible solutions for this parking issue, the location, indeed could be an appropriate site for the community garden thanks to its rich qualities.

Other functions of this site are proposed due to the remarkable seasonal changes in the climate (Figure 12, p.24). The idea of a community market and the installation of a Christmas tree are illustrated to show and give a better understanding of the functionalities of the space (Figure 63).

Figure

Kneiken Felleshage

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LONG TERM PROPOSAL

PARK

A park idea is proposed to be carried out in a long term perspective. It is situated at the centre of Romolslia complementing and connecting the short term proposals as well as the future community house (Situational analysis, p.41). The long term idea is to make use of the existing open space by bringing back the stream (History, p.25) and planting more trees and bushes.

The natural succession would create an aesthetic environment in the centre of Romolslia. Maintaining the fauna balance and increasing biodiversity, the park would serve as a good contribution to the SDGs (Introduction, p.20). Most importantly, it would have a hand in creating a converging point for the diverse population of the area.

Inspired by the Iladalen project in Trondheim (Figures 66 & 67), the underground stream water would be led to the surface following an organic shape. Considering the capacity of the terrain, the estimated depth of the created wetland would not exceed 1 meter. Reintroducing the blue element on the site, the park would play a central role in the social life of the residents.

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Using natural elements to fence the wetland, protection would be assured, allowing the young ones to play safe and free in the park. Platforms were designed around the edges to give people closer access to nature. This proposal for further developments requires expertise in different areas. Due to the current soil type (quick clay), controlling the stability of the wetland is essential for the safe development of this proposal.

Urban furnitures would give physical structure for social interactions that were desired by the community (Community workshop, p.73-76) Referring to an interview with a sport facilitator, the area is already used for ski activities during winter. Strengthening the existing outdoor life engagement in Romolslia, it is designed a seasonal loop either for winter skiing or summer jogging (Figure 64).

Figure 65. Wooden platform, Vichy, France

Figure 66. Iladalen project, Trondheim

Figure 67. Iladalen project, Trondheim

Services

Urban furnitures

Wetland

Urban furnitures

Rendering of the park from the football field

from the Torg

SUMMARY OF THE PROPOSALS

The three proposals are represented on figure 72. The illustration shows the LTP and STP ideas, all being located at the centre of Romolslia. The implementations aim to happen phase by phase regarding social, financial and natural circumstances. Moreover, as the time goes, the target is to link the LTP to the STP.

All proposals aim to touch the existing layer of qualities and materials of the area. The goal is to bring those qualities together in order to improve the dynamics of the space. This would create a vigorous social atmosphere, meanwhile nature would embrace the new urbanized centre of Romolslia.

The community garden, by involving different stakeholders with its attractive utility, benefits both the strength of the community and local sustainability.

The torg, with its alternative meeting points, gathers all generations with different reasons for its utilization.

The park, being a multifunctional area strengthening Romolslia’s green potentials, provides an outdoor opportunity for social interactions.

As a whole, these three pieces united in one composition with a potential of developing Romolslia centre, where visions from the whole neighbourhood can be met.

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Figure

View from Rolia, winter time

CONCLUSION

The Romolslia Fieldwork revolved around iterative participatory processes via various forms of investigations aiming the utmost comprehension of the local community. Trying to answer the questions raised in an early phase of the fieldwork (Introduction, p.20), the Trondheim Team emphasized both explicit- and tacit, in-depth information.

Dwelling mainly on participatory activities, information was gathered and analysed to detect key issues and available potentials in the area. Major issues of the area required interventions, including lack of organised youth activities, meeting points for all residents and underutilized green potentials . Seeking for possible solutions, a concept for the short- and long term-proposals was developed (p.85-112). Planning with residents through co-designed workshops, the proposals were designed, presented and reshaped.

The STP and LTP were particularly designed to be flexible to accommodate different needs. Most importantly targeting sustainability, the proposals were designed to complement each other, providing connection to existing functions in the centre of Romolslia.

Romolslia is one of the sub-urban communities in Trondheim, that has been selected to participate in the Borgerkraft project managed by Trondheim Kommune. Development proposals presented by local residents will be chosen and funded for implementation. The proposals of Romolslia Fieldwork could therefore have the prospect

of being realised in the near future, in case residents choose to use them in their applications. Further, it is recommended to follow up the upcoming phases of the process to ensure a successful implementation.

Finally, gaining trust and getting under the surface takes time and investigation. It is clear that there is always more room for digging deeper. Spending three months on the field gave the Trondheim Team the presented depth of information of the situation in Romolslia. The possible lack of in-depth sights are taken into consideration within this fieldwork. The proposals are aimed to address the major needs, however, they may not have exhausted all available potentials, thus not addressed all issues. It is therefore recommended further investigation and research in the area.

Figure 74. Proximity to the nature, Trøndelag

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GLOSSARY

Borgerkraft

Borettslag

Helsestasjon

Sportsklubb

Grendehus

Skole

Barnehage

Tv aksjonen

Torg

Citizen power

Housing cooperative Healthcare station

Sports club Community house School

Kindergarten

Tv action Square

Cul-de-sac

A street with only one inlet or outlet

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Aerial map of Romolsia, authors’ illustration, Krak, Photoshop, 08/10/2019

Figure 2. Gamle Bybro, Jarle Hagen studio

Figure 3. Team presentation, world map, authors’ illustration, QGIS, Photoshop, 07/11/2019

Figure 4. Wooden structure Romolslia, authors’ cliché, 13/10/19

Figure 5. Romolslia’s landscape, authors’ cliché, 09/09/19

Figure 6. Sohlberplassen, Norway, https://www.nasjonaleturistveger.no/

Figure 7. Trondelag region, Jarle Hagen studio

Figure 8. Romolslia landscape, authors’ cliché, 09/09/2019

Figure 9. Bakklandet, Trondheim, visitnorway.no

Figure 10. Romolslia’s topography, authors’ illustration, GQIS, 06/11/2019

Figure 11. Romolslia’s situation, authors’ illustation, QGIS, Photoshop, 07/11/2019

Figure 12. Trondheim climate wheel, authors’ illustration, Illustrator, 16/09/2019

Figure 13. Historical evolution of Romolslia, authors’ illustration, QGIS, Illustrator, 11/09/2019

Figure 13’. Picture of Romolslia, 1952, Digital Museum, https://digitaltmuseum.no/

Figure 14. Historical timeline of Romolslia, authors’ illustration, Illustrator, 10/09/2019

Figure 15. Aerial picture of Romolslia, https://www.eiendomsmegler1.no/

Figure 16. Architecture typology, authors’ illustration, QGIS, Photoshop, 11/09/2019

Figure 17. Housing types, authors’ clichés, 10/09/2019

Figure 18. Road & Rail infrastructure, authors’ map, QGIS, Photoshop, 12/11/2019

Figure 19. Transport infrastructure, authors’ map, QGIS, Photoshop, 12/11/2019

Figure 20. Bike parking, Trondheim, Pinterest

Figure 21. Recycling station, Romolslia, authors’ cliché, 08/09/19

Figure 22. Wasre collecting points, Romolslia, authors’ cliché 08/09/19

Figure 23. Services & Functionalities, authors’ illustration, QGIS, Illustrator, 10/11/2019

Figure 24. Romolslia’s school and Healthcare centre, authors’ cliché 09/09/19

Figure 25. Match day in Romolslia, 17/09/19

Figure 26. Rolia Grendehus, authors’ cliché, 08/09/19

Figure 27. Lake reflection, authors’ cliché, 13/10/19

Figure 28. Romolslia school and football field, authors’ cliché, 09/09/19

Figure 29. The proposal presentation, authors’ cliché, 05/11/19

Figure 30. Fieldwork timeline, authors’ illustration, Illustrator, 11/11/19

Figure 31. Romolslia borettlsag, authors’ cliché, 09/09/19

Figure 32. Power/interest grid, authors’ illustration, Indesign, 23/11/19

Figure 33. Romolslia football club, authors’ cliché, 08/09/19

Figure 34. Romolslia skole, authors’ cliché, 11/09/19

Figure 35. Wooden path over wetland, Trondheim, authors’ cliché, 28/09/10

Figure 36. View from Rolia, authors’ cliché, 08/09/19

Figure 37. Workshop activities, authors’ illustration, Illustrator, 23/11/19

Figure 38. Map & Workshop activities, authors’ illustration, Indesign, 23/11/19

Figure 39. Transect walk, authors’ illustration, Illustrator, 08/11/19

Figure 40. Outcome of the online survey, authors’ illustration, Indesign, 13/11/19

Figure 41. Kindergarten workshop, authors’ cliché, 01/10/19

Figure 42. Kindergarten workshop, authors’ cliché, 01/10/19

Figure 43. Main positive opinions from Kindergarten, authors’ illustration, Indesign, 13/11/19

Figure 44. Mapping activity, authors’ cliché, 15/10/19

Figure 45. Community workshop activity presentation, authors’ cliché, 15/10/19

Figure 46. Outcome of the community workshop, authors’ illustration, Indesign, 13/11/19

Figure 46’. Outcome of the community workshop, authors’ illustration, Indesign, 13/11/19

Figure 47. Ranking of the pre-prased focus area, authors’ illustration, Indesign, 13/11/19

Figure 48. Preparation map activity, authors’ cliché, 15/10/19

Figure 49. Collage & drawing activities, authors’ cliché, 18/10/19

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Figure 50. Outcome of the school workshop, authors’ illustration, Indesign, 13/11/19

Figure 50’. Outcome of the school workshop, authors’ illustration, Indesign, 13/11/19

Figure 51. Children’s collages and drawings, 18/10/19

Figure 52. Cliché of the team taken by Sanaz Akbari, 29/10/19

Figure 53. Outcome of the elderly meeting, authors’ illustration, Indesign, 13/11/19

Figure 54. Summary of the workshop, authors’ illustration, 22/11/19

Figure 55. Kindergarten, Romolslia, authors’ cliché, 09/09/19

Figure 56. First sketch of the proposals’ development, authors’ illustration, Illustrator, 24/11/19

Figure 57. Torg proposal, authors’ illustration, Google Earth, Illustrator, 01/11/2019

Figure 58. Inspiration for the Torg proposal, authors’ cliché & Pinterest.com

Figure 59. Visual of the Torg, authors’ illustration, Rhino, 02/11/19

Figure 60. Community garden concept, authors’ illustration, Google Earth, Illustrator, 01/11/2019

Figure 61. Kneiken Felleshage, Kneiken Felleshage Facebook page

Figure 62. Kneiken Felleshage, Kneiken Felleshage Facebook page

Figure 63. Community garden and Christmas market, authors’ rendering, Photoshop, 02/11/19

Figure 64. Park proposal, authors’ illustration, Google Earth, Illustrator, 01/11/2019

Figure 65. Wooden platform, Vichy, France, authors’ cliché, 26/08/18

Figure 66. Idalen project, Trondheim, Trondelag.com

Figure 67. Idalen project, Trondheim, Trondelag.com

Figure 68. Section view of the park, authors’ illustration, 02/11/2019

Figure 69. Top view of the park, authors’ illustration, 02/11/2019

Figure 70. Rendering of the park from the footbal field, authors’ rendering, 01/11/2019

Figure 71. Rendering of the park from the Torg, authors’ rendering, 31/10/2019

Figure 72. Summary of proposals, authors’ illustration, Google Earth, Illustrator, 01/11/2019

Figure 73. View from Rolia, winter time, authors’ cliché, 05/11/2019

Figure 74. Proximity to the nature, Trondelag, Jarle Hagen studio

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Hankins, M. 1989. ‘Right by design’. New Scientist. Elements of the supernova. Page 49

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Sanders, E. 2002. ‘From user-centered to participatory design approaches’. 10.1201/9780203301302.ch1. Page 3

Trondheim City Council. 2012. ‘Levekår 2011, Rapport om levekår i Trondheim’. Trondheim: Property Department.

Trondheim Kommune. 2019. Byutviklingsstrategi for Trondheim - strategi for arealog transportutvikling fram mot 2050. Trondheim Kommune. 10.10.2019. <https:// www.trondheim.kommune.no/byutviklingsstrategi-for-trondheim-sreal-ogtransportutvikling-2050/>

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Weather Spark. 2019. Average Weather in Trondheim Norway. Weather Spark. 09.09.2019. <https://weatherspark.com/y/68746/Average-Weather-in-Trondheim-Norway-Year-Round>

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