Dhillon School of Business Research Celebration Report: 2020 in Review by University of Lethbridge

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 in Review

Table of contents Dhillon distinguished scholar Pg 2 Journal article publications Pg 3 - 28

Message from the Dean’s Office Welcome to the second edition of the DSB Research Celebration Report!

Kerry Godfrey, Dean

Kelly Williams-Whitt, Associate Dean

Despite the significant disruption caused by the pandemic this past year, we are delighted to be able to highlight more of the outstanding accomplishments of our faculty. We established and awarded our inaugural Dhillon Distinguished Scholar Award and our Dhillon Rising Scholar Award. We have seen several excellent new faculty publications spanning a vast array of interests including in journals, as books, book chapters and case studies; a number of new research grants; engagement with students in research projects; and multiple examples of extending our reach and impact directly to industry and through community engagement. So, while Covid-19 may have locked us out of the office and sent our teaching into the digital universe, with perseverance and perhaps a touch of tenacity, we continue to carry on, and are extremely pleased to celebrate the research endeavors of the Dhillon School of Business.

The Abnormal Return Associated with Consecutive Dividend Increases Relational Age and Leader-Member Exchange Are Dividend Changes Exploited in the Equity Market? Global Mindset and the Performance of Chinese Firms Research spotlight: Exploring positive and negative business contributions to society during the pandemic Does More CEO Ambivalence Lead to Higher Organizational Ambidexterity? Interpreting Strategic Issues CEO Ambivalence as a Micro-foundation of Organizational Ambidexterity Toward developing an environmental efficacy construct The Third-person Perception of Sex Appeals in Hedonic and Utilitarian Product Ads Board Effectiveness U.S. FDI and Shareholder Rights Protection in Developed and Developing Economies National Income Inequality and International Business Expansion Shedding Light on a Dark Matter Research spotlight: How the element of choice in business contracts can affect work quality Research Spotlight: International finance research that inspires investors Exploring Student Perceptions of Their Readiness for Project Work Drive by my Cellar Door: Rethinking the Benefits of Wine Tourism in Niagara Sustainability Managers Implementing Community Sustainability Plans Through Partnership Improving Firefighting Traceability Processes with RFID Technology Application Research Spotlight: Deception in job interviews Borrower Distress and the Efficiency of Relationship Banking Research Spotlight: When social responsibility does (and doesn’t) do a company good Private Information Dissemination in the Secondary Loan Market Socialization and Professionalism The Value of Corporate Social Responsibility During the Crisis Work is Love Made Visible Book Pg 29 - 31 • Transcending Cultural Frontiers • Retailing Management

Kerry B. Godfrey, PhD, MBA Dean, Dhillon School of Business

Book chapters Pg 32 - 36 • • • •

Advancing Cultural Frontiers to Champion Global Business in Emerging Markets Processing nutrition labels: Effects of instructions, health conditions, and label length Best Practices for Return to Work Visualising Success

Research grants Pg 39 - 40 • Practicing Reconciliation through Teaching and Research on Haida Gwaii: A Collaborative Research Project • Transitioning to Good: When is Striving to be an Ethical Business as Good as Being One? • Developing and Embedding Leader Character in Organizations for Sustained Excellence • The Role of Mindfulness in Stress Coping and Well-being

Engaging students in research Pg 41 - 48 • The Value of Values in Business Purchase Decisions • Growth Mindset Moderates the Effect of Perfectionism on Disordered Eating Behahviour • It Works if you Work It? • Having Less but Wasting More • “I’m a Work in Progress” • Masculinity Stress in Consumer Research • Disability, Severity, and Leader-Member Exchange

Business press Pg 49 - 52 • • • • • •

Heidegger’s Being and Time and Implications to Business in Post COVID-19 Era Philosophical Explication of Crisis Plural Sector and Community-ship for Healthcare Reform The Choked Flare Gun The Economics of Commons and Governance of Infrastructure Resources Canadian Tax and Estate Planning Issues

Community engagement Pg 53 - 54 • Behaviour Change Basics

Conference presentations Pg 55 - 59 • • • • • • •

A Cultural Value Congruence Approach to Organizational Embeddedness CEO Ambivalence as a Micro-foundation of Organizational Ambidexterity Touch Screen Technology and Charitable Donations Intersectionality, Gender & Leadership Improving Firefighting Traceability Processes with RFID Technology Application Optimizing Human Resource Allocation for Surgical Processes at Hospitals Natural Law, Novelty, and the Commercial World

Case studies Pg 37 - 38 • Classy Styles Ltd.

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Compiled and edited by Debra Basil, Jennifer Chernishenko, and Elisabeth Morgan

Finance

Accounting

Well-Being

Policy/Strategy

Human Resources

International

Sustainability/Environment

Organizational Studies

Social Media

Corporate Social Responsibility

Marketing

Ethics

JOURNAL ARTICLE PUBLICATIONS

Dhillon distinguished scholar The Dhillon School of Business developed the new Dhillon Distinguished Scholar program to recognize and support one highly productive senior researcher biannually. Our first Dhillon Distinguished Scholar is Dr. Michael Basil, who began his term July 1, 2020. In the 1980s, Mike was originally interested in advertising and celebrity effects. He expanded into social-change marketing while working with Porter Novelli and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the 1990s. His current research focuses on the importance of leisure-time consumption in people’s lives. Over the past 30 years his work has resulted in over 90 publications and has been cited 7000 times.

Michael Basil

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Journal article publications

Relational Age and Leader-Member Exchange

The Abnormal Return Associated with Consecutive Dividend Increases

Dr. Ansari and co-authors examine the impact of age difference in a leader-member dyad on leader-member exchange (LMX). A sample of 200 leader-member dyads from five organizations in India revealed that relational age impacted the subordinates’ perception of LMX but not the leaders’ perception of LMX. As well, findings showed that the loyalty dimension of perceived trust mediated the relationship between relational age and member perception of LMX.

Drs. Asem and Alam examine abnormal returns associated with consecutive dividend increases to more deeply understand why dividend changes that are seemingly predictable attract abnormal returns. Their results show that abnormal returns associated with consecutive dividend increases decline at a diminishing rate and do not disappear, and that this decline is slowest among firms that are unprofitable, small, or have high payouts. The findings suggest the abnormal returns persist because firms that are not expected to continue a dividend-increase streak based on their characteristics do so, surprising the market and perpetuating the abnormal return.

Full citation: Asem, E., & Alam, S. (2020). The abnormal return associated with consecutive dividend increases. The European Journal of Finance. https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847X.2020.1801482 Shamsul Alam

Ebenezer Asem

Full citation: Gupta, M., Bhal, K.T., & Ansari, M.A. (2020). Relational age and leader–member exchange: mediating role of perceived trust. Journal of Indian Business Research, Vol. 12(4), 563-576. https://doi. org/10.1108/JIBR-05-2018-0144 Human Resources Mahfooz Ansari

Finance

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Journal article publications

Are Dividend Changes Exploited in the Equity Market?

Global Mindset and the Performance of Chinese Firms

Does the equity market anticipate dividend changes that have large value effects in the days leading to the announcements? Dr. Asem examined this question and finds that the abnormal returns preceding dividend changes that have large value effects are not different from the returns preceding dividend changes that have minimal value effects. Notably, this finding contradicts evidence showing that the equity market does anticipate events that have large price effects in the days proximal to the events.

Dr. Bao and co-author investigated three issues: (1) how global minded Chinese firms are, (2) what the critical drivers are for their global mindedness, and (3) what strategic orientation these firms adopt when they pursue internationalization strategies and how their global mindedness is related to their performance. Results show that Chinese firms are typically low in global mindedness, and that experience with foreign culture, leadership vision, and firm capacity are important determinants of global mindedness. Their findings also show that global Chinese firms tend to pursue aggressive and risky internationalization strategies, and that higher global minded companies typically have better performance than those low in global mindedness.

Full citation: Asem, E. (2020). Are dividend changes exploited in the equity market? The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, In Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qref.2020.11.004 Finance

Full citation: Bao, Y., & Yin, E. (2020). Global mindset and the performance of Chinese firms. Frontiers in Management and Business, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.25082/FMB.2020.01.005

Ebenezer Asem

Yongjian (YJ) Bao

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Policy/Strategy

Journal article publications

Research spotlight

Does More CEO Ambivalence Lead to Higher Organizational Ambidexterity?

Exploring positive and negative business contributions to society during the pandemic

Drs. Bao and Olson and colleagues examined whether CEO ambivalence drives or hinders organizational ambidexterity. They found support for their hypothesis that CEO ambivalence follows a U-shaped effect on organizational ambidexterity, and that technological capability amplifies the curvilinear effect.

Policy and strategy faculty member YJ Bao explored how the pandemic brought out the good and the ugly in business this past year. Here he explains what his research uncovered.

Yongjian (YJ) Bao

“Chaos triggered by the pandemic has led to many businesses joining forces with governments and non-profit organizations to serve society. Under these extreme circumstances, we found that when businesses have altruistic motivation and strong capabilities, they can contribute substantially to social needs and generate social and economic values. For example, one of the cases we studied was an automobile company that turned themselves into a ventilator manufacturer. Some businesses were capable of contributing to social needs but were more self-interested. For example, we found one fashion company was able to make good money producing PPE (personal protection equipment). These businesses generated economic value but just moderate social value. The “ugly” results are from the combination of weak business capabilities and strongly self-interested business objectives. They may produce short-term profits, but destroy social values, such as companies providing defective medical masks. This study highlighted the importance of aligning altruistic motivations and business capabilities in delivering social value. In the future, we will continue this research on the differences and overlaps of economic and social value. We want to come up with strategies for aligning the two values as well as managing the potential conflicts between economic and social values.” - YJ Bao

Full citation: Bao, Y., Shen, Z., & Yuan, W. (2020). Business venturing into the social domain during the Covid-19 pandemic: A motivation and ability perspective. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 49(6), 1152-1160. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0899764020966046 Policy/Strategy

Full citation: Bao, Y., Yuan, W., Bao, Y., & Olson, B. (2020). Does more CEO ambivalence lead to higher organizational ambidexterity? A paradoxical perspective. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, p. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2020.3011061 Policy/Strategy Yongjian (YJ) Bao

Organizational Studies

Bradley Olson

Interpreting Strategic Issues Drs. Olson and Bao and their co-authors used a two-wave survey of 294 CEOs in China during the 2008 macro crisis to find that the configuration of differentiation, financial slack, and technological capabilities affect corporate entrepreneurship through opportunity interpretations.

Full citation: Olson, B. J., Yuan, W., Bao, Y., & Wu, Z. (2020). Interpreting strategic issues: Effects of differentiation strategies and resource configurations on corporate entertainment. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 21(3), 141-155. https://doi. org/10.1177%2F1465750319874602 Policy/Strategy

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Journal article publications

The Third-person Perception of Sex Appeals in Hedonic and Utilitarian Product Ads

Toward developing an environmental efficacy construct

Dr. M. Basil and colleagues performed two studies exploring consumers’ third-person perceptions of sexual appeals in advertising for hedonic and utilitarian products to examine whether these perceptions mediate the relationship between attitude toward the ad and purchase intention. Findings showed that the third person perceptions significantly affect purchase intention for both self and others, but the exact form the perception takes differs across product types and cultural contexts. The results are also contingent on attitude

Drs. D. Z. Basil and M. Basil and colleagues proposed that environmental efficacy is the perception of social, physical resources, and temporal factors at one’s disposal that promote or impede behaviour. Their results provide support for a new environmental efficacy construct as an adjunct to self and response efficacies. Developing this construct may offer social marketers a more effective means of identifying and addressing barriers to desired behaviour change.

toward sexual stimuli.

Full citation: Basil, D. Z., Basil, M., Lavack, A. M. & Deshpande, S. (2020) Toward developing an environmental efficacy construct. Journal of Social Marketing, 10, 1-17. Marketing Debra Basil

Sustainability/Environment

Well-being

Michael Basil

Full citation: Ekici, N., Erdogan, B. Z., & Basil, M. (2020). The third-person perception of sex appeals in hedonic and utilitarian products ads. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 32(4), 336-351. https://doi.org/10.1080/08961530.2020.1712294 Michael Basil Marketing

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Journal article publications

Board Effectiveness Dr. Baulkaran and co-author investigated whether firms with more effective boards have lower firm risk. They found a strong negative relationship between board effectiveness and firm risk. Results also showed that board independence, board structure, board system, and board decision-making lead to lower firm risk. Findings indicate that effective boards are likely to result in a reduction of agency costs due to separation of ownership and control, and a reduction in the overall cost of capital for firms.

National Income Inequality and International Business Expansion Dr. Escobar and colleagues examined the extent to which host country income inequality influences multinational enterprises’ (MNE) expansion strategy for foreign production investment, depending on their specific strategic objectives. Using 27 years of data on Japanese MNEs’ overseas production entries and a transaction cost framework, the authors found support for national income inequality having an inverted U-shaped relationship with foreign production investment. Specifically, as inequality increases, MNEs accrue lower transaction costs leading to higher probability of investment. Then, as inequality increases further, the additional costs (e.g., additional monitoring, bargaining, security) of inequality in society makes the location seem less attractive. The authors suggest the inverted U-shaped relationship is stronger for efficiency-seeking investments but weaker for market-seeking and competence-enhancing investments.

Full citation: Baulkaran, V., & Bhattarai, S. (2020). Board effectiveness: Evidence from firm risk. Journal of Economics and Business, 110(July-August 2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconbus.2020.105907 Finance

Vishaal Baulkaran

U.S. FDI and Shareholder Rights Protection in Developed and Developing Economies Drs. Baulkaran and Lupton examined the impact of shareholder rights protection on US multinational firms’ Foreign Direct Investments (FDI). Using US FDI data from 19972016, they found that the expropriation of wealth is less likely to occur in countries with strong shareholder rights and so would attract more FDI relative to countries with weaker shareholder rights protection. The results also showed that the relationship was more important for developing countries than developed countries.

Luis Escobar Full citation: Lupton, N. C., Jiang, G. F., Escobar, L. F., & Jimenez, A. (2020). National income inequality and international business expansion. Business and Society, 59(8), 1630-1666. https://doi. org/10.1177%2F0007650318816493 Policy/Strategy

International

Full citation: Baulkaran, V., & Lupton, N. (2020). U.S. FDI and shareholder rights protection in developed and developing economies. Multinational Finance Journal, 24(3/4), 155-182. Finance

International

Well-being

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Journal article publications

Research spotlight

Ever wonder if stipulations in a contract can affect how workers do their job? Accounting faculty member George Gonzalez’s findings on the matter will have companies thinking twice about how they award contracts.

Shedding Light on a Dark Matter

Hamed Ghanbari

How the element of choice in business contracts can affect work quality

Dr. Ghanbari and co-authors examined the dominant jump-diffusion index option pricing approach based on simultaneous equilibrium in the underlying and option markets in light of the weaker stochastic dominance (SD) assumptions and provided a new perspective on some of the well-known and persistent observed empirical anomalies. Using model parameters from earlier studies, they found that most equilibrium model prices consistent with SD bounds yield economically meaningless results as either the option price or the implied mean return is beyond any reasonable value. They found that the SD pricing model accommodates a wider range of RRA values without implying option prices or mean returns that have never been observed in the index market. They also found that the SD-implied range of admissible RRA values is consistent with RRA coefficients that have appeared in earlier option market studies and in macro-finance studies of the equity premium puzzle. They noted that the option bounds’ implied distributions exhibit tail risk comparable to that of the return data, thus shedding light on the dark matter of the consistency of physical and risk-neutral tail distributions. The authors suggest that since SD bound assumptions are weaker, the bounds should either be replaced or used to verify equilibrium model results. George Gonzalez Full citation: Ghanbari, H., Oancea, M., & Perrakis, S. (2020). Shedding light on a dark matter: Jump diffusion and option-implied investor preferences. European Financial Management. https://doi. org/10.1111/eufm.12276

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“When awarding contracts to businesses, companies can incorporate clauses that include penalties or bonuses. With a penalty contract, workers have to pay back some sort of compensation for a breach of contract, or other failure to achieve expectations, such as finishing a job late. Bonus contracts, on the other hand, give a reward for exemplary work. Previous accounting research studies on the differential effects of bonus contracts versus penalty contracts consistently found that workers prefer bonus contracts but work harder under penalty contracts. Something that was missing in those previous experimental studies, however, was a dynamic labour market in which employers offered whichever contract they preferred to offer, and employees chose whichever contract they preferred to work under. With this study we included this missing element of choice, mimicking the real world more closely.

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There have been many research studies in psychology, education, and other fields that have shown that giving a choice to an individual usually enhances their performance. The psychological mechanism at work behind these studies is that choice increases an individual’s intrinsic motivation, and in turn, they do a better job than they otherwise would. In our study, we incorporated choice as a variable by setting up a dynamic labour market in which worker-participants had a choice (the bonus contract or the penalty contract) in some periods of the experiment, and did not have a choice in other periods. We found that the element of choice drove workers’ efforts more than any other variable. That is to say, workers with a choice of which contract to work under gave a greater effort than those who did not have a choice. The effect of choice was so strong, in fact, that it canceled the effect of contract type (bonus versus penalty) on worker effort which had been found in prior studies.”

Finance Full citation: Gonzalez, G. C., Hoffman, V. B., & Moser, D. V. (2020). Do effort differences between bonus and penalty contracts persist in labor markets? The Accounting Review, 95(3), 205-222. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-52655

Accounting

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Human Resources

Research spotlight

International finance research that inspires investors Feng Jiao is a Calgary-based finance faculty member with the Dhillon School of Business. Here Jiao discusses his latest research on the link between bond and stock markets and its importance to investors, as well as the inspiration behind his research. What made you interested in the field of international finance?

How do you continue to find inspiring topics to research?

In the second year of my PhD more than eight years ago, I still didn’t know what I wanted to research. I was taking a class with my supervisor and in that class we read a very influential paper by Andrew Karolyi on international finance. It opened a new door. It was intriguing to me as I trained with traditional finance textbooks with theories that focused on the U.S., and was like the world outside the U.S. didn’t exist. But international finance does exist and is bigger than the U.S. That paper brought me into this new world. I based by PhD thesis on international finance and continued research in this area after I joined the Dhillon School of Business.

It’s a challenge! Sometimes you get a good idea and get excited. You read more, understand more and it looks like it’s working well. Then suddenly one day you realize there is another person who has done what you’re trying to do and it means what you’re doing is not innovative because someone else has done it. I try to think outside the box but how do you think about what no one has thought about before? It requires inspiration, thinking, and a bit of luck (and staying in your office for 12 hours a day will not help to overcome this challenge). For example, for the paper I just discussed, I was walking down the street eating a sandwich as a poor PhD student and something occurred to me when listening on the radio. I was thinking of bond and stock prices and how they correlate and then went and looked into it and realized no one had studied it before. That’s how I found my topic. The challenge is finding innovative ideas because it’s a competitive world. I also find inspiration from my personal investment work. When you put your own money in the stock market you care more about it. It forces you to follow the market more, listen to the news more and care more about what happens in the world. The more you pay attention, the more research ideas you get. Yes, I may lose some money, but I see it as an investment to get new ideas. I also invested in bitcoin. I lost some money during the downturns. I told myself, yes, I lost money, but I get to learn more about bitcoin and emerging technologies.

Can you explain what your most current research Cross-listings and the dynamics between credit and equity returns is all about and its importance to investors?

Feng Jiao

My authors and I began to look at the linkage between bond and stock markets because they are the most important financial assets for investors. Intuitively, one may expect that the prices of bonds and stocks issued by the same company, say Apple Inc., are highly correlated, as they reflect the same fundamentals of a company. Contrary to this popular belief, an interesting puzzle in finance is that the correlation between a firm’s corporate debt and equity returns is very low. So, my coauthors and I started to investigate what might help explain such a lack of correlation. Our study finds that cross-listing, listing a company’s shares on a different exchange than its primary and original stock exchange, can lead to the integration of the equity and bond markets. For example, after an Australian company lists its shares in New York, the synchronicity of its bond and stock prices improves. Such an increase in synchronicity is linked to greater media attention, analyst coverage, and Google search intensity after listings in a foreign market. Our results are valuable to investors. Since a typical investor usually holds a mix of bonds and stocks, our results can help achieve optimal portfolio allocation and diversification.

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Full citation: Augustin, P., Jiao, F., Sarkissian, S., & Schill, M. J. (2020). Cross-listings and the dynamics between credit and equity returns. The Review of Financial Studies, 33(1), 112-154. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhz052 Finance

Journal article publications

Sustainability Managers

Exploring Student Perceptions of Their Readiness for Project Work

Dr. MacDonald and co-authors provide important insights into what it takes to be an effective sustainability manager. Their research examines the qualifications (who), job responsibilities (what), and competencies (how) of sustainability managers from across Canada. Their findings present a detailed assessment of the specific job of a municipal sustainability manager from the perspective of those who have demonstrated job performance.

Dr. LeBlanc and colleagues explored student perceptions of project work. They found that these emerging adults prefer leadership positions, are concerned with social values, and view project work as essential preparation for the workplace. Using a social cognitive career theory lens, they also found that the goals, interests, and self-efficacy beliefs of emerging adults align with the needs of project management, but technical project management skills may be lacking.This is an important consideration for human resource managers.

Research impact: Fun fact! This research appears in a report on Sustainability Competencies prepared by the European Commission (https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/sustainability-competences). The research summarized in this report was compiled to support the implementation of the European Green Deal, the European Industry Strategy, and the European Skills Agenda for Sustainable Competitiveness, Social Fairness and Resilience. See: https://uwaterloo.ca/implementing-sustainable-community-plans/dissemination/ municipal-sustainability-managers-qualifications-roles-and

Full citation: Burga, R., LeBlanc, J., & Rezania, D. (2020). Exploring student perceptions of their readiness for project work: Utilizing social cognitive career theory. Project Management Journal, 51(2), 154-164. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F8756972819896697 Human Resources

Full citation: MacDonald, A., Clarke, A., Ordonez-Ponce, E., Chai, Z., & Andreasen, J. (2020). Sustainability managers: The job roles and competencies of building sustainable cities and communities. Public Performance & Management Review, 43(6), 1413-1444. https://doi.org/10.1080/15309576.2020.1803091

Well-being

Sustainability/Environment Josh LeBlanc

Drive by my Cellar Door: Rethinking the Benefits of Wine Tourism in Niagara Dr. LeBlanc and colleagues compared the effects of various marketing activities on retail winery spending in a wine tourism region. They identified marketing drivers of wine sales and measured the influence of marketing activities, demographics, and personal experience. Their results suggest web-based marketing is most effective in driving sales and that visitors influenced by in-region tourism marketing spend less. Overall, this suggests that while wine tourism may drive traffic, it may not drive sales.

Policy/Strategy

Adriane MacDonald

Implementing Community Sustainability Plans Through Partnership Dr. MacDonald and colleagues addressed an important research gap by using quantitative methods to examine five features that can make up partnership structures – oversight, monitoring and evaluation, partner engagement, communication, and community-wide actions – and their impact on climate change mitigation outcomes. Results of a global survey and analysis of greenhouse emissions data showed that structural features related to oversight and community-wide actions are positively associated with climate change mitigation outcomes. These results suggest certain features of partnership structures may be more important for successful outcomes in climate change mitigation.

Full citation: McAdams, B., Elliot, S., & LeBlanc, J. E. (2020). Drive by My Cellar Door: Rethinking the Benefits of Wine Tourism in Niagara. Tourism Analysis. https://doi.org/10.3727/10835422 1X16079839951484 Marketing

Full citation: Sun, X., Clarke, A., & MacDonald, A. (2020). Implementing community sustainability plans through partnership: Examining the relationship between partnership structural features and climate change mitigation outcomes. Sustainability, 12(15). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12156172 Sustainability/Environment

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Policy/Strategy

Journal article publications

Research spotlight

Jocelyn Wiltshire and Brenda Nguyen, Dhillon School of Business faculty members in Human Resource Management and Labour Relations, along with their colleagues, recently published their findings on Personality, interview performance, and the mediating role of impression management, followed by Personality, interview faking, and the mediating role of attitudes, norms, and perceived behavioral control. Wiltshire and Nguyen chat about their research, including how job applicants use impression management tactics – both honest and deceptive – to influence how they’re perceived. The researchers also discuss lessons that employers and the community can learn.

Improving Firefighting Traceability Processes with RFID Technology Application As a vital part of the hospital, it is crucial the emergency department be optimized to enhance the wide range of complex and unpredictable services it provides. Dr. Moatari-Kazerouni and colleagues studied how to improve the allocation of resources in different wards of an emergency department to improve the patients and staff workflow. They did a case study on an emergency department in Iran using a simulation technique. The authors recommended a new layout design to improve the average waiting time of Internal-Emergent patients by 23.1% (3.31) and Surgical-Emergent patients by 81.7% (10.58 minutes).

What is impression management and why did you want to study its use in the workplace?

Brenda Nguyen

Full citation: Sasanfar, S., Bagherpour, M., Moatari-Kazerouni, A. (2020). Improving emergency

Afrooz Moatari-Kazerouni

departments: Simulation-based optimization of patients waiting time and staff allocation in an Iranian hospital. International Journal of Healthcare Management. https://doi.org/10.1080/20479700.2020.1765121 Policy/Strategy

Well-being

Jocelyn Wiltshire

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Deception in job interviews

J.W.: I’m fascinated by the “dark side” of the workplace and have a strong interest in the topics of power and interpersonal influence within organizations. One common form of influence tactic that is used in the workplace is impression management (IM), which is a behaviour that individuals use to influence how others perceive them. For example, a couple of common impression management tactics include self-promotion (exaggerating one’s accomplishments and downplaying failures to be seen as competent) and ingratiation (doing favours or using flattery to be seen as likeable). One particularly strong workplace scenario that promotes the use of impression is the employment interview: a job applicant’s goal is to make as good of an impression as possible. Among the methods that organizations use for hiring new employees, the employment interview is very common and nearly universal. Given that the goal of the interview is to identify the applicants who would be the most successful on the job once hired, it is important that we are aware of any factors that may threaten the interviewer’s ability to accurately assess the job applicants. IM tactics in the interview can be honest/socially acceptable (wherein people try to create an attractive, although accurate perception of themselves) or deceptive/socially unacceptable (wherein people present a false impression to achieve desired outcomes), which is also referred to as interview “faking”. This then raises the question: Could an applicant’s use of IM behaviour in the interview impact the interviewer’s rating of them, and therefore the quality of applicants being hired?

Does a job applicant’s use of impression management really affect their success in an interview? J.W.: We found that an applicant’s IM tactic choice impacts their success in the interview, as well as plays a critical role in explaining the link between personality and interview performance. We focused on three personality traits that were particularly relevant: Extraversion, Emotionality, and Honesty-Humility (individuals who score low on Honesty-Humility tend to be more manipulative, exploitative, and status-striving). Individuals high in Extraversion and low in Emotionality seem to perform better in the interview through their use of IM, as they tend to engage in more socially acceptable forms of IM, including honest self-promotion (for example, describing one’s skills attractively) and subtle ingratiation (for example, describing one’s fit or shared values with company). Interestingly, Honesty-Humility was not related to interview performance through IM use. Individuals who are low in Honesty-Humility were more likely to report engaging in both socially acceptable IM (for example, honest self-promotion) and socially unacceptable IM (example, deceptive self-promotion, including taking credit for someone’s work). As a result, the impacts of IM tactic choice on interviewer impression – and therefore performance ratings – seem to cancel each other out, creating a null effect. Our study highlights the dual nature of IM: tactics can be honest or deceptive. Furthermore, our findings suggest that personality can actually influence an individual’s choice to engage in honest vs. deceptive (faking) tactics in an interview. So, why is this? How exactly does personality impact someone’s likelihood to fake in a job interview? B.N.: In a second study, we investigated how personality predicts whether people would engage in outright interview deception and faking in interviews. Particularly, if you were generally a humble and honest person, you’d be less likely to fake in an interview. Furthermore, if you were a conscientious person, you would also less likely fake— mainly because these people are well-prepared for their interview, so they don’t have a need to fake. For our study, we wanted to know, for example, why, if you are a conscientious person, are you less likely fake in an interview? Was it because of the attitude you held in terms of whether interview faking was a good idea or not? Did you, believe faking in interviews is normal or abnormal behavior and thus acceptable or unacceptable? Or, was it based on your own assessment of your ability to fake? We found that the most important factor in predicting whether a person would fake or not in an interview was the belief that faking is normal or abnormal and thus that this is acceptable or unacceptable social behavior (i.e., subjective norms).

Journal article publications How are you hoping the community can take and use this information practically? B.N.: These findings around faking and perceiving it as normal and abnormal are really important for us as a society because it provides evidence that the social beliefs and norms we convey/endorse/and condone are internalized by others and predict behaviors. If we believe that it is “normal” and socially acceptable to do shady things, then most of us will do it. So, even as individuals, the values you endorse and the behaviors you condone impact others in a really meaningful way because it will influence their actions. Therefore, perhaps it is meaningful to instead of thinking of people as “bad”, we think about how we contribute to creating an environment that fosters good or bad judgments.

Borrower Distress and the Efficiency of Relationship Banking

J.W. Furthermore, from a practical perspective, our findings around IM in employment interviews are helpful to employers as they suggest: • It is important for interviewers to be aware of the different IM behaviours that applicants may use, and to recognize that these behaviours can have an impact on interviewers’ assessments of the applicants. • Applicants who use IM are not necessarily going to be more successful on the job once hired, compared to applicants who do not engage. Individual differences in IM use and effectiveness are not likely to be related to the job content, and as such, the influence of IM on interview ratings likely introduces error into the evaluation process. • Interviewers may find it useful to structure their interviews such that they draw out job-relevant information from applicants who may be less comfortable using IM (e.g., those who may be more introverted or anxious). • To reduce any personal bias that results from applicant IM use, interviewers could use standardized evaluation methods.

Full citation: Bourdage, J. S., Schmidt, J., Wiltshire, J., Nguyen, B., & Lee, C. (2020). Personality, interview faking, and the mediating role of attitudes, norms, and perceived behavioral control. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 28(2), 163-175. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijsa.12278

Dr. Shao and colleagues examined the consequences of corporate disclosure (i.e., profit warnings) as a negative information-releasing event during the normal course of business, and evaluate the evolving nature of relationship making before and after such an event. They found that lenders generally increase the cost of loans and loan security, and reduce loan maturity after profit warnings. They also found that borrowers often choose to remain with their relationship bankers due to more favourable loan terms and the high costs of switching lenders. These borrowers ultimately reduce their default risk and improve their profitability after the profit warnings. Full citation: Donker, H., Ng, A., & Shao, P. (2020). Borrower distress and the efficiency of relationship banking. Journal of Banking & Finance, 112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2017.12.013 Pei Shao

Finance

Full citation: Bourdage, Bourdage, J. S., Schmidt, J., Wiltshire, J., Nguyen, B., & Lee, K. (2020). Personality, interview performance, and the mediating role of impression management. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 93(3), 556-577. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12304 Human Resources

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Journal article publications

Research spotlight

Pei Shao

When social responsibility does (and doesn’t) do a company good Socially responsible business has gained traction in Canada in recent years for the betterment of the businesses that participate. But do the same results translate internationally? Finance faculty member Pei Shao finds suprising results from China. “Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a type of self-regulation framework where companies integrate environmental, social, and governance criteria into their business model with an aim of building a more sustainable future for their employees, customers, and broader community. Some examples of socially responsible activities include promoting workplace diversity, participating in fair-trade, or investing in eco-friendly projects. CSR theory suggests that participating in these socially responsible activities has an insurance-like function that protects firms by mitigating investors’ negative reactions to unexpected harmful events. A study focusing on the U.S. market documents that firms with higher CSR attributes performed better during the 2008 financial crisis period (Lins et al., 2017, Journal of Finance). In our paper, we focus on a developing market, the Chinese stock market, and study whether firms’ CSR investments also play a role in alleviating a negative shock to the market. In particular, we chose the 2015 “Great Crash” of the Chinese stock market to study. The Chinese stock market is the second largest equity market in the world. But unlike a developed market, state-owned enterprises play a big part in the Chinese market. More importantly, although some of the state-owned firms have a high CSR rating, such as Yunnan Baiyao, a giant state-owned pharmaceutical producer, the real motivation of conducting CSR activities by state-owned companies and other firms in the private sector could be politically driven. Our results show firms’ CSR attributes did not lead to a better stock performance during the crisis period in China. It reveals that heavy government interventions adversely affect firms’ ability to accumulate social trust and capital through engaging in CSR activities.”

Private Information Dissemination in the Secondary Loan Market: The Effect on Stock Bid-ask Spreads Dr. Shao and co-authors investigated the effect of loans being marked to market (i.e., loan MTM) on equity bid-ask spreads. They consider loan MTM to constitute new information about borrowing firms’ profitability and risk and this information is only immediately available to large institutional traders, so-called qualified institutional buyers (QIBs). Smaller investors (non-QIBs) do not have immediate access to such information as they are not qualified to trade in the secondary loan market. Investigating the effects of privileged information releases on bid-ask spreads of borrowing firms’ equity, they find a significant elevation in the level of information asymmetry in the equity market. The additional analyses further disclose that QIBs actively trade on such information to earn significant abnormal returns. Overall their paper suggests private information dissemination in the secondary loan market affects the stock market information environment and yields benefits to large insiders with priority access to important information about the quality of borrowing firms. Pei Shao Full citation: Saunders, A., Shao, P., & Xiao, Y. (2020). Private information dissemination in the secondary loan market. NYU Stern School of Business. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3648715 Finance

Full citation: Zhang, J., Zi, S., Shao, P., & Xiao, Y. (2020). The value of corporate social responsibility during the crisis: Chinese evidence. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. pacfin.2020.101432 Finance

Corporate Social Responsibility

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Journal article publications

Socialization and Professionalism

The value of having entrepreneur directors

Dr. Thomas examined the effect of socialization on the inculcation of professional accounting values, specifically examining three sources of socialization: public accounting firms, nonpublic accounting firms (industry), and accounting professional associations. Dr. Thomas compared the professionalism of public and industry accountants to find that public accountants have stronger beliefs in professional autonomy and self-regulation than industry accountants. Results also showed that industry accountants have stronger beliefs in professional affiliation, social obligation, and professional dedication than public accountants.

Previous research suggests founder-led firms perform better than those run by professional managers. Dr. Tian and colleagues examine if this finding reflects the special relation of founders to their firms or if entrepreneurs possess attributes and experiences that are valuable even at firms not founded by them. They found that the stock market reacts positively to appointments of outside entrepreneur directors and that firms with these directors have higher long-term value (as measured by Tobin’s q). Entrepreneur directors are also associated with increased R&D investment and higher sales growth, among other things. The authors conclude that outside entrepreneur directors enhance firm value through their propensity to take measured risk, and also with their ability to anticipate demand patterns and create new markets.

Full citation: Thomas, S. 2020. Socialization and professionalism. Research on Professional Responsibility and Ethics in Accounting, 23. Accounting Stuart Thomas

Gloria Tian

Full citation: Faleye, O., Kung, W., Parwada, J. T., & Tian, G. Y. (2020). Are entrepreneurs special? Evidence from board appointments. Journal of Business Venturing, 35(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jbusvent.2020.106003 Finance

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Corporate Social Responsibility

Ethics

Journal article publications

BOOKS Work is Love Made Visible Dr. Wishloff discusses the idea that how work is understood and undertaken is a function of particular philosophical and theological assumptions. Wishloff discusses principles of Christian faith and how they relate to work. The article shows how the political economic order is formed according to God’s plan for the world and takes a considerably different shape from the structures that arise from dominant secular premises.

Full citation: Wishloff, J. (2020). Work is love made visible: A meditation on grace. The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 79(4), 1181-1208. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajes.12351 Human Resources

Ethics

Well-being

Jim Wishloff

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Books

Transcending Cultural Frontiers

Retailing Management

Amelinckx was an editor of this book that focuses on cultural challenges faced by international managers and global business operations. Unprecedented economic turmoil, volatility, and uncertainty have altered political dynamics, the sociocultural landscape, and international business activities. New markets have opened up and the emergence of these markets brings both opportunities and challenges for businesses. Understanding the practices, challenges, and strategies companies have developed is critical to global firms’ successes. The book highlights the importance of understanding cultural elements when managing multicultural workplaces using conceptual and empirical work to push the frontiers of knowledge in this emerging field.

Mr. Madore was a co-author for the 6th Canadian Edition of Retailing Management. This book reflects the evolving nature of retailing, including up-to-date data, current and Canadian examples, and cutting-edge information on trends in retailing.

Full citation: Levy, M., Weitz, B. A., Grewal, D., & Madore, M. (2020). Retailing management (6th ed.). McGraw Hill. Marketing

Policy/Strategy

Full citation: Norhayati, Z., Abdul-Talib, A., & Amelinckx, A. (Eds.). (2020). Transcending cultural frontiers. Spinger. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4454-5 Andrea Amelinckx

Policy/Strategy

International

Well-being

Michael Madore

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Book chapters

BOOK CHAPTERS Advancing Cultural Frontiers to Champion Global Business in Emerging Markets This introductory chapter, included in Amelinckx’ and co-authors’ book mentioned above, highlights trends in global business of the past millennium. The chapter presents global business opportunities, future challenges, and lessons learned from the past. Full citation: Zakaria, N., Abdul-Talib, A, & Amelinckx, A. (2020). Advancing cultural frontiers to champion global business in emerging markets. In N. Zakaria, A. Abdul-Talib, A. Amelinckx (Eds.), Transcending Cultural Frontiers (pp. 1-10). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4454-5_1 Policy/Strategy

International

Andrea Amelinckx

Book chapters

Books chapters

Processing nutrition labels: Effects of instructions, health conditions, and label length

Best Practices for Return to Work In this book chapter, Dr. Williams-Whitt and co-authors develop a new practice-based model of return to work (RTW) implementation. They compare it to existing practice-based models, demonstrate the application of the new model using a case scenario, and indicate how it fits with recommendations for best practices from those engaged in RTW on a daily basis. Their “Best Practices for RTW Implementation Model” used a holistic approach and identifies three stages involved in best practices for RTW. The model can be used by researchers and practitioners focusing on the RTW process, regardless of jurisdiction or reason for employee absence.

Drs. M. Basil and D. Z. Basil and colleague conducted three studies examining how consumers process nutrition information. They found that consumers with health conditions were slightly more likely to use nutrition information than those without health conditions. Overall, results suggest that health concerns and instructions could be used as heuristics to select foods, and, when doing so, label length did not matter. This could be because heuristics allowed people to use focal information to make decisions quickly, but at the expense of non-focal information.

Full citation: Kristman, V. L., Boot, C. R. L., Sanderson, K., Sinden, K. E., & Williams-Whitt, K. (2020). Implementing best practice models of return to work. In U. Bultmann & J. Siegrist (Eds.) Handbook of disability, work and health (pp. 1-25). Handbook series in occupational health sciences, Vol. 1. Springer. https://doi. org/10.1007/978-3-319-75381-2_32-1

Full citation: Basil, M. D., Basil, D. Z. & Deshpande, S. (2020). Processing nutrition labels: Effects of instructions, health conditions and label length. C. Thomas (Ed.), Food Labeling Politics and Policy in the United States. Common Ground. Debra Basil

Michael Basil

Marketing

Kelly Williams-Whitt

Well-being

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Human Resources

Corporate Social Responsibility

Ethics

Books chapters

CASE STUDIES Visualising Success Dr. Wishloff’s chapter uses themes from Alasdair MacIntyre’s book and wisdom from basketball coach John Wooden to discuss virtues. Wishloff provides an overview of Wooden’s life, discussion on Wooden’s basis for reflection on virtue, and the experiences that shaped his views. The author also provides descriptions of the qualities in John Wooden’s Pyramid of Success. The overall message of Wishloff’s chapter is that leaders need to get the culture right, build cohesive teams, and be guided by a moral topline.

Full citation: Wishloff, J. (2020). Visualising Success: The Wisdom of John Wooden. In M. Schwartz and H. Harris (Eds.) War, Peace and Organizational Ethics, Research in Ethical Issues in Organizations, Vol. 23 (pp. 73-100). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1529-209620200000023005 Human Resources

Well-being

Jim Wishloff

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Case studies

Research Grants Classy Styles Ltd. Drs. Gonzales and Han created a case study on Classy Styles Ltd. (a small wholesaler of women’s apparel). The case study outlines how Classy Style had grown steadily but was not on track to reach the CEO and majority shareholder profitability goal. The COO determined the way to achieve this goal was to shift manufacturing from North America to Asia, which created tension between profitability and the CEO’s desire for tight supervision and control of the production shops.

Full citation: Gonzalez, G.C., & Han, Q. (2020). Classy Styles Ltd., Inc.: Shifting production overseas. The CASE Journal, 16(3), 327-344. https://doi.org/10.1108/TCJ-03-2019-0027 International

George Gonzalez

Qin Han

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Research grants

Don McIntyre was awarded an external SSCHRC grant for the project “Practicing Reconciliation through Teaching and Research on Haida Gwaii: A Collaborative Research Project”, in association with investigators from the University of Waterloo.

Rhiannon Mesler was awarded an external SSHRC grant for the project “Transitioning to Good: When is Striving to be an Ethical Business as Good as Being One?” along with two other investigators Tiffany Vu and Kate White. Total: $54,917; 2020

Total: $15,000

Brenda Nguyen was awarded an external SSHRC grant for the project “Developing and Embedding Leader Character in Organizations for Sustained Excellence”, with coinvestigators Mary Crossan, Gerard Seijts, and Lucas Monzani”.

Anastasia Stuart-Edwards was awarded an internal ULRF grant for the project “The Role of Mindfulness in Stress Coping and Well-being”. Total: $5,734

Total: $152,012

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Engaging Students in Research

Engaging students in research

The Value of Values in Business Purchase Decisions

MSc Alumnus Ehtisham Anwer

Ehtisham Anwer, along with his thesis supervisory committee, developed and tested a theoretical framework to examine business purchase decisions using the concept of “values” (personal values, organizational values, values-congruency). Using data from the Supply Chain Management Association of Canada, they found that perceived humanity values of an organization had a positive relationship with the perceived role that humanity and convention values play in business purchase decisions. They also found that perceived purchase function formalization within buying organizations Robbin Derry Debra Basil had a positive relationship with the perceived role of humanity, bottomline, and convention values played in business decisions. One practical implication of this research is that buying organizations may consider formalizing their purchase functions, clarifying their humaneness/ benevolence, and risk aversion/compliance values to their employees and vendors.

Full citation: Anwer, E., Deshpande, S., Derry, R., & Basil, D. Z. (2020). The value of values in business purchase decisions. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 35(8), 1323-1334. https://doi. org/10.1108/JBIM-03-2019-0111 Policy/Strategy

Marketing

Corporate Social Responsibility

Growth Mindset Moderates the Effect of Perfectionism on Disordered Eating Behaviour

MSc Student Jennifer Chernishenko

Rhiannon Mesler

Debra Basil

MSc Student Chernishenko, along with Dr. Mesler and Dr. Basil, proposed that one’s views on whether or not they could grow and change would influence their disordered eating behaviours. Their research demonstrated that individuals who believe they can improve through effort and commitment, and who are also perfectionists, are more likely to have disordered eating behaviours because they persevere in their weight loss and body behaviours beyond healthy levels. Individuals who believe they can’t really change themselves and are not perfectionists were less prone to take these health behaviours to negative extremes.

Full citation: Chernishenko, J., MacDonnell Mesler, R., Basil, D. Z. (October 2020). I Can Be Perfect! Growth Mindset Moderates the Effect of Perfectionism on Disordered Eating Behavior. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Consumer Research Annual North American Conference. Marketing

Well-being

Ethics

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Engaging students in research

It Works if you Work It?

Rhiannon Mesler

MSc Student Jennifer Chernishenko

Research Associate Christy Tu

Do you know anyone who’s joined an MLM? Dr. MacDonnell Mesler and colleagues investigated how Protestant work ethic (PWE) affects consumer intentions towards multilevel marketing (MLM) opportunities. They proposed that strong beliefs in “hard work leads to success” among high (vs. low) PWE consumers would lead them to invest more in MLMs (studies 1 and 2), even in the presence of strongly negative word-of-mouth (study 2). They further propose that high PWE consumers attribute low effort as the explanation for the reviewer’s failure. Results suggest mixed (i.e., positive + negative) worth-of-mouth attenuates ease of attribution, and hence, attenuates investment intentions.

Having Less but Wasting More In three studies Dr. MacDonnell Mesler and colleagues examined scarcity’s effect on food waste behavior. Study 1 explored scarcity’s effect on food-related behavior in the lab. Study 2 was a field study examining food waste behavior in control versus scarcity-induced conditions. Study 3 tested temporal distance as a moderator of food waste within consumers experiencing scarcity. Altogether, they found that scarcity heightens choice variety, increases waste, and scarcity’s effect is attenuated when temporal distance allows consumers to abstract out of scarcity’s narrowing effects.

Full citation: Simpson, B., MacDonnell Mesler, R., & Chernishenko, J. (2020). Having less but wasting more? The counterintuitive effect of scarcity on food waste. Working paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Consumer Psychology, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Rhiannon MacDonnell Mesler

MSc Student Jennifer Chernishenko

Sustainability/Environment

Marketing

Well-being

Full citation: Howie, K., MacDonnell Mesler, R., Chernishenko, J., & Tu, K. (2020). It works if you work it? Protestant work ethic makes consumers vulnerable to multi-level marketing. Working paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Consumer Psychology, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Marketing

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Engaging students in research

“I’m a Work in Progress”

Masculinity Stress in Consumer Research

Dr. MacDonnell Mesler and colleagues examined the role of political orientation – a stable and targetable segmentation variable – on the pursuit of self-improvement. They theorized conservativeness would be positively associated with pursuit of self-improvement products and services, due to heightened feelings of agency, personal responsibility, and beliefs about the fruitfulness of hard work among conservatives. Using national search data, they found that US Republican-leaning countries in the 2016 elections were also more likely to pursue self-improvement products and services. In a subsequent experiment, they manipulated political mindset, and found that these consumers were also more likely to choose a selfimprovement product over an alternative.

Rhiannon MacDonnell Mesler

BA Alumnus Colin Brown

Full citation: Howie, K., MacDonnell Mesler, R., McFerran, B., & Brown, C. (2020, March). “I’m a work in progress”: Consumer political orientation shapes self-improvement product pursuit. Working paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Consumer Psychology, Los Angeles, CA, USA. [Received honorable mention for best working paper] Marketing

Undergraduate student Amaka Erhimedafe worked with Dr. Mesler on this research as part of a Chinook Summer Research Internship. This research, undertaken along with Dr. Mesler’s colleagues, examined masculinity stress—that is, the degree to which a man feels he is not sufficiently masculine—in consumer behavior and public policy, with a focus on the implications for individual and societal well-being. They find that masculinity stress affects endorsement of traditional masculinity norms, work/life conflict, pursuit of success, power, and competition, restrictive emotionality, mental health, and self-esteem. They also provide an agenda for future research in this promising area of study.

Full citation: MacDonnell Mesler, R., Leary, R. B., Montford, W. J., & Ehrimedafe, A. (2020, May) “Masculinity Stress in Consumer Research: A Meta-Analysis and Research Agenda”. Working paper presented at the annual Marketing and Public Policy conference (via Zoom). Rhiannon MacDonnell Mesler

Well-being

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

BA student Amaka Erhimedafe

Well-being

Engaging students in research

Disability, Severity, and LeaderMember Exchange

MSc Alumnus Zhanna Lyubykh

Mahfooz Ansari

Kelly Williams-Whitt

Zhanna Lyubykh, along with members of her thesis committee, examine the mediating role of leadermember exchange (LMX) in the relationship between employee disability severity and presenteeism, job accommodation, supervisor rated performance, job satisfaction and resilience. Findings show that, from the perspective of employees with disabilities, disability severity was negatively related to LMX quality, and that there was a positive relationship between supervisor perceptions of employee disability severity and LMX. This suggests that including perspectives of both employees and supervisors when considering the implications of employee disability severity is important.

Full citation: Lyubykh, Z., Ansari, M. A., Williams-Whitt, K., & Kristman, V. L. (2020). Disability severity, leader-membership exchange, and attitudinal outcomes: Considering the employee and supervisor perspectives. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 30, 613-623. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-020-09884-0 Human Resources

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

BUSINESS PRESS

Business press

Heidegger’s Being and Time and Implications to Business in Post COVID-19 Era

Plural Sector and Community-ship for Healthcare Reform

The Economics of Commons and Governance of Infrastructure Resources

Dr. Bao extended Heidegger’s concepts of being and time to the interpretation of existential crisis to business during Covid-19. The article calls for a review of industrial time in contemporary management theory and practice, and suggested new dimensions of meaning in business innovation and crisis management.

Dr. Bao interviewed Professor Henry Mintzberg on his new work on healthcare management. In this interview article, they discussed Mintzberg’s thinking on critical issues in strategic management and his model for healthcare reform.

In this interview article, Dr. Bao discusses with Dr. Brett Frischmann the unique nature of infrastructure resources and required approaches for collective action. The article points out the positive externality of spill-over effects in utilizing infrastructure resources.

Full citation: Bao, YJ. (2020). Heidegger’s being and time and implications to business in post COVID-19 era. Management Insights, 22. Online forum with the Paper. https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_6941190

Full citation: Bao, YJ. (2020). Plural sector and community-ship for healthcare reform: An interview with Henry Mintzberg. Tsinghua Business Review, 1-2, 32-41.

Full citation: Bao, YJ. (2020). The economics of commons and governance of infrastructure resources: An interview with Brett Frischmann. Tsinghua Business Review. 7-8, 14-23

Policy/Strategy

Policy/Strategy Yongjian (YJ) Bao

Dr. YJ Bao is a regular contributor to top Chinese business press publications. His work connects directly with business leaders, offering actionable insights.

Philosophical Explication of Crisis

The Choked Flare Gun

Dr. Bao discussed the new role of crisis in business management and suggested that companies need to take crisis management beyond project management. Companies can take an in-depth examination on assumptions of time, space, and business relationship in the post-pandemic era.

Dr. Bao highlights the difference between normal and crisis decision making by the attributes of information. Weak signals and rare events are common features in crisis decisions. Dr. Bao suggests a framework to detect and decipher weak signals for crisis decision.

Full citation: Bao, YJ. (2020). Philosophical explication of crisis. Management Insights, July, 73-80.

Full citation: Bao, YJ. (2020). The choked flare gun: Missed weak signals in Covid-19 crisis. Tsinghua Business Review, 4, 58-69.

Policy/Strategy

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Business press

Community Engagement Dr. George Gonzalez is a regular contributor to the publication “Live and Invest Overseas”, providing practical guidance regarding tax issues.

Canadian Tax and Estate Planning Issues George Gonzalez Full citation: Canadian Tax and Estate Planning Issues: Are LLCs for Canadians? Simon Letter, Live and Invest Overseas, Vol. 9, No. 11, November 2020 Accounting Full citation: Canadian Tax and Estate Planning Issues: Budget Update / Ownership of Foreign Real Estate, Simon Letter, Live and Invest Overseas, Vol. 9, No. 6, June 2020 Accounting Full citation: Canadian Tax and Estate Planning Issues: Provincial Health Care Coverage, Simon Letter, Live and Invest Overseas, Vol. 9, No. 3, March 2020 Accounting

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Community engagement

Behaviour Change Basics In this workshop, members of the Institute for Consumer and Social Well-being (ICSW) shared the basic strategies of behaviour change outlined in the practice of social change marketing. The workshop was attended by members from Lethbridge and area nonprofit organizations as well as municipal government employees. Debra Basil

Michael Basil

Tanya Drollinger

ICSW is an internal research institute comprised of six faculty members from the Marketing discipline. The institute focuses on research and training related to individual and societal well-being. Well-being

Katie LaFreniere

Rhiannon MacDonnell Mesler

Walter Wymer

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Conference Presentations 2020 was an atypical year for everything, including conference participation. A few members were able to physically attend conferences just before the pandemic, and others attended conferences online. Overall, 2020 conference participation was lower than normal due to the pandemic, still members shared some exciting insights both in-person and virtually.

Conference presentations

A Cultural Value Congruence Approach to Organizational Embeddedness

Touch Screen Technology and Charitable Donations Full citation: Basil, D. Marietta-Vasquez, J., & Ying, Z. (2020). Touch screen technology and charitable donations: The mediational effects of psychological distance and empathy. Presented at the Society for Consumer Psychology Annual Conference, Huntington Beach, CA, U.S., March 2020.

Full citation: Jing, E., Lupton, N., Ansari, M. A. (2020, Virtual, June 16-30). A cultural value congruence approach to organizational embeddedness. Presented at the 35th annual meeting of the Society for Industrial & Organizational Psychology (SIOP), Down Town JW Marriott, Austin, TX, U. S. A.

Marketing

Organizational Studies

Mahfooz Ansari

Debra Basil

CEO Ambivalence as a Micro-foundation of Organizational Ambidexterity

Intersectionality, Gender & Leadership

Full citation: Bao, Y., Yuan, W., Bao, Y., & Olson, B. (2020). CEO ambivalence as a microfoundation of organizational ambidexterity: A paradoxical perspective. Presented at the Academy of Management annual meeting and included in the Academy of Management Proceedings, 2020(1). https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.2020.124 Policy/Strategy Yongjian (YJ) Bao

Full citation: Derry, R. (2020). Intersectionality, Gender & Leadership. Presented in November at the Wharton School of Management, University of Pennsylvania. Corporate Social Responsibility

Organizational Studies

Ethics

Robbin Derry

Bradley Olson

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

Conference presentations

Improving Firefighting Traceability Processes with RFID Technology Application Full citation: Moatari-Kazerouni, A., & Smith, C. (2020). Improving Firefighting Traceability Processes with RFID Technology Application. Presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of Southeast Decision Sciences Institute (SE DSI 2020), February 2020, Charleston, SC. Policy/Strategy

Afrooz Moatari-Kazerouni

Natural Law, Novelty, and the Commercial World Natural Law, Novelty, and the Commercial World

Human Resources

Full citation: Wishloff, J. (2020). Veritatis Splendor: Natural Law, Novelty, and the Commercial World. Presented at the 27th Annual Vincentian Business Ethics Conference, Niagara University, October 22-24, 2020.

Optimizing Human Resource Allocation for Surgical Processes at Hospitals

Ethics Jim Wishloff

Full citation: Moatari Kazerouni, A., Mosadegh Sedghi, B. (2020). Optimizing Human Resource Allocation for Surgical Processes at Hospitals. In 49th Annual Conference of Western Decision Sciences Institute (WDSI). April 7-10. Portland, OR. (Published in proceedings, conference cancelled due to Covid-19 pandemic.) Policy/Strategy

Human Resources

RESEARCH CELEBRATION REPORT 2020 IN REVIEW

ulethbridge.ca/dhillon