1968-69_v9,n20_Chevron by Editor Imprint

itat pickets pass

out donuts

Students picketed the arts and the construction library site of Habitat 69 Wednesday. At 9 am about a dozen pickets appeared at each entrance of the library carrying signs and handing out leaflets concerning Habitat. Others set up a table with coffee and donuts for the workers on the construction site. About a hundred pickets were involved through the day with the number present at any one time varying from 24) to 60. The pickets at Habitat handed out leaflets and spoke with the workers during coffee break and lunch hour. Few men ventured over for the free donuts and coffee but they did carry on a discussion with the pickets about Habitat and housing problems. The reaction of students to the picketing varied all the way from vulgar noises to complete sympathy and recruitment. Responses included : “Don’t touch my hands with that dirty thing,” (the leaflet), and “I really want to join you

Council

guys but I don’t want to miss classes. ’ ’ However, most students showed little more than interest. Provost Bill Scott said the administration would like to meet again with federation president Brian Iler and any other students Iler felt could contribute to the study of improving Habitat. Scott further indicated he would particularly like to have Garth McGeary, grad design, present his proposals for the improvement of Habitat. Iler said he was “most disappointed” in the number of students who turned up to picket. “I expected many more because of the concern many people indicated to me.” He continued, “It doesn’t help in going to administration without a firm backing from the student body.” Iler-intends to accept administration’s offer of a meeting to work on the Habitat problem. He wants their cooperation in reforming the present plan and working out a better arrangement for planning future residences.

-Gary

Robins, the Chevron

Several dozen students picketed the library Wednesday protesting the planning and design of Habitat ‘69. At the construction site, other students passed out coffee and donuts.

THE

Vol. 9 No. 20

University

of Waterloo,

Waterloo,

Ontario

Friday,

October

18, 1968

unrepresentutive

ent minority The long-awaited report on the restructuring of university government uni_oov at Waterloo, hailed by the study committee has a significiant contribution to the national debate on university government has been roundly attacked by the three student members of that committee. The majority report, which was approved by all but four members of the committee, recommends the retention of the two-tier system of government with both a board of governors and a senate. It proposes to add two students and five faculty members to a 36-man board. Neither group is represented on the present board. The report also suggests six students (four undergrads and two grads) be included in a 56-man senate which would become more dominated by faculty than presently. External representation from alumni and highschool principals would be reduced. Faculty representation would be upped. The 39-page report says the committee considered the possibility of adopting a single-tiered system of government. This would effectively mean self-government and the end of control by a board of governors composed for the most part by business ’ and industry executives. But this proposal, which was suggested by the Federation of Students in its brief to the

where

and the next

study committee and which has been proposed by president Claude b&e11 at the University of Toronto, was rejected as possibly “premature and not in the best interexts of the university.” Howevery the report said the committee was not opposed to such a structure as an eventual goal. It recommends another committee to study the question five years from now, after other universities may have made ___I______--_--_------------

the official report as “fundamentally a call for the antithesis of change. It consists of tinkering to avoid change ~9 committee report is The criticized for its ‘“very negative approach to reform ” its rhetoric and its “refusal to consider the fundamental principles of any system of university government. ” The minority report cites quote upon quote to illustrate the committee’s refusal to discuss the role of the university and derive The complete text of the t-e- a principle to underlie the struport on university government ap- ctures of government. For example, the majority Bears in a wecial supplement. The minority report by the three stud- report in one Place says “The committee avoided any attempt ent members is on pages 6, 7 and 9. to develop an abstract general ________________---_-------theory or formula designed to changes in the direction of selfguide our judgment in particular government. instances.” The view held by most comThe minority mentions examples mittee members was “the govof a paternalistic attitude toward ernment was perhaps more apt students in the report’s tone and to be influenced toward the condemns the idea of a new support of the universities by a committee to deal with the group of respected laymen than questions of openness of the by a group of academics.” deliberations of governing bodies Dissenting in the final vote were only the three student memSteve Flott, federation bers, president Brian Iler and pastpresident Steve Ireland. Chem eng prof B.M.E. van der Arts rep Kathy Dilts resigned Hoff, absent at the March 18 from student council this week meeting where this was decided because she felt council was not is known to have also favored Miss Dilts honrepresentative. the board’s abolition. ours poli-sci 3 resigned because, Student members have issued a minority report which attacks ,

government

pages page page pages pages page page

6, 7, 9 1I 12 14, 15 16, 17, 19 20,21 23

page 24 page 26 inside back page back page special supplement

Chevron

the printers’

and internal operations of the senate and faculty councils. “The fact that the committee took 25 months to report indicates that its funcion has been to act as a pacifier,” said Iier. “There is no excuse for these questions having been left out of the committee’s discussion. ” Ireland, who was the first student rep on the committee before he successfully lobbied for two more students in September, 1966, complained of the lack of honesty and mutual respect in the committee. “Student council laid it on the line to the administration about the problem of personal relationships almost a year ago. We tried to work with them with understanding and co-operation, but there attitudes never improved. ” “We must re-examine the whole business of sitting on university committees where students can be so easily ignored or co-opted,” said Steve Flott who

Arts rep Kathy

it’s at

minority report on university Miles for Millions pubs feedback distorted Mexican rebellion sports entertainment feedback campus question Quebec and Daniel Johnson editorials Dick Gregory’s thoughts, university government report

may

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gods have mercy

on us

KATHY

DIL TS

DiIts

“Council didn’t run a platform that gave them the right to debate and legislate on soci-economic and political issues.” Council accepted her resignation Tuesday night. Miss Dilts feels the entire council should resign and hopes it will. Three weeks ago Dave Cubberly presented a motion to council calling on it to resign Miss Dilts, who helped draft Cubberly’s motion, felt she was compelled by conscience to resign after council defeated the motion. She said many council reps have told her they also wonder if they are representing their constituents but she didn’t know if anyone else would resign. She does not know if she would run again if new elections were called. “I would have to a lot of thinking before I could run for council again,” she said.

report received his master’s degree in history last May and is now teaching in Toronto. “The proper channels approach is just not working for students.” Development vicepresident Ted Batke, chairman of the committee, complained of factionalism among the communities on campus and said the university was not ready for self-govecnment now. “The present recommendations create a context for cooperation. The university community is in danger of becoming a set of opposing factions. By proposing the challenge of cooperation under a system of participation at the highest levels, I hope a common intellectual purpose and understanding can emerge, ” he said. “Any further transformation must be founded on a genuine spirit of community. At present, it does net exist. Integration and coherence are the immediate gears. ” said Batke.

resigns When asked if she agreed with council’s policies, Miss Dilts said, “I don’t agree with everything council does, but I do agree with their general motives. ” She went on to say, “I’m not sure, though, if the timing is right for politicization. I’m not sure how the majority of the students feel on the issues.” Federation president Brian Iler said, “I was sorry to see her resign. She was very capable.” Iler said he wouldn’t be surprised to see more resignations from council on the representativity issue. Iler agreed it was difficult to maintain representativity but he said, “The reps can still try to act in the best interests of the students.” He pointed out council is trying to maintain contact with the students by calling numerous general meetings.

Village

separatistes

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establishing such a unit in Habitat ‘69. A memorandum to this effect has been issued to determine how many students presently living in the Village would be willing to move to a double room in a French Habitat house. The residence, consisting of either one unit of twenty-four rooms, or one house of forty-eight rooms, would have some Frenchspeaking students and any English students wishing to live in a French environment. Only French would be spoken in the house. If the student response is favorI able, this French-speaking unit will be established in the fall 1969.

Next year Waterloo students may have the opportunity to live in a French-speaking environment. Earlier this year a proposal to establish either South seven or eight in the Village as a French speaking house was considered by the Village dons and tutors. The student response to living in such a house was favorable, but the proposal was rejected because of difficulty in finding French-speaking students willing to participate. Although plans have not been finalized, Village warden Ron Eydt has indicated the possibility of

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The Dean of Women, Hildagard Marsden has proposed a nursery service for the children of women on campus. This service would be under control of the University Women’s Club, and would have a fully trained staff. Mrs. D. Salter is looking into

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A’ monthly publication “Campus”, is due to appear in November. Billed as Canada’s national student magazine, “Campus” will be mailed free to about 50,006 final-year university students across the country. Other students may pick it up for fifty cents a copy, or three dollars a year. The magazine intends to feature exclusive interviews with such Canadian notables as Pierre

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Campus cent&r opemtion still under administration Control of the campus center has been tossed from hand to hand this week. At least on paper. Last week student council demanded that the building be turned over to federation control. The administration responded by holding meetings. Out of the meetings came a memo‘ last Thursday from provost Bill Scott to campus center director -Paul Gerster asking X$&ster to draft proposals on specific problems entailed in a change of command. Student president Brian Iler was sent a copy of Scott’s memo from which federation officials drew the obvious conclusion that -the principle of handing over control had been accepted. Discussions with Scott that evening confirmed this. Proceeding on this basis the federation issued -a campus flyer informing students the administration had agreed to turn over control of the building. “There ,was no doubt in our minds that we were acting in good faith” said Brian Iler, president of the Federation of Students. The administration, however, responded quickly to the federation’s announcement with a denial. Scott’s confirmation was ignored as Hagey took control in the issue. “The administration has definitely not agreed to your request that the campus center come under student control” Hagey said in a letter to Iler. In an unprecedented move the administration also leafletted the campus. Their flyer accused the

federation of unilateral action and said that such moves would have to be ignored. “It seems clear that the administration was motivatedinto denying their decision to hand over the building by a fear of admitting that students had any legitimate rights on campus,” said Tom Patterson, federation vicepresident. “They were prepared to hand it over to us not as a matter of principle but in an attempt to defuse a crisis situation”, Patterson continued. “Our memo scared them into publicaly denying the principle of student control fearing such an admission could lead to the obvious extension of our demands to other buildings. ” he said. Brian Iler saw another possible reason for the administration’s change of mind. “There is a good possibility

Gerster has been feeding the administration false information as to our actions and intentions.” said Iler. “This would not be the first time; he’s played that game before.” ’ Iler attacked Hagey’s statement in the administration’s flyer that if present governing arrangements for the center are not satisfactory, changes could be made “that are mutually considered to be desirable.” “What this means,” said Iler, “is not that we will look. for consensus or agreement but that we will try and see if there are any changes that can be made that the administration approves of. ” It’s totally one side” he said. “They haven’t produced one reason why we shouldn’t run the building-probably because1 there aren’t any.” concluded Iler.

Habitat more liveable by flexible furnishings tern where as many pieces of furniture as possible are in a component form is what he advocates. If a student is merely issued a set of six symetrical drawers, they could be set up under the bed, in the wardrobe, or in anyone of a hundred places the student preferred. McGeary thinks the vanitytype divider should be eliminated, in favor of a portable corkboard partition. “This could either be used as a divider, if the students ’ didn’t get along, or be put up against the wall as a bulletin board. ” he said. This way students who get along well could choose one arrangethe president’s committee on stument, while those that are more privacy-oriented could have a difdent discipline. ferenct set-up. The judicial committee needed McGeary feels that is a good five members and as some inchance this system will be acceptformation on the applicants was ed, as the university really hasn’t not available these positions will taken a second look at this area be decided later by the executive from vioof design. - “Freedom board. lation of privacy, both physically Three other committees, Ancilby the room-mate, and psychololary Operations, Housing and gically by the administration foreign students and the athletics in room design would result” he advisory board were short of said. applicants and will be discussed By eliminating the vanity, the at the next council,meeting. financial saving would proEverdale Place, a free school bably allow furnishings above the level of those found in the Village. for students of highschool age or less, petitioned for and received If the student is allowed to manipulate his own environment, one thousand dollars from the federation. Everdale is where through the use of modular furnishings Habitat can be made a the orientation mothers were little more liveable. trained during the summer. If someone- will listen to Garth McGeary, grad design, Habitat 69 may be partially salvaged, at least from an internal point of view. “We’re stuck with the shape” he said, “But there still is a chance to leave the furnishing of the room flexible and up to the student. ’ ’ McGeary, was appointed by the Federation of Students to look into the problem. A modular sys-

Hagey would be happy to huddle with Harley Gerry Hagey’s reply to council was discussed at a meeting Tuesday. He had invited council to a closed meeting over dinner but it decided to invite him to an open meeting in the campus center instead. Hagey replied he would be glad to meet openly but that certain matters could not be discussed. Be said that these matters were of a confidential nature. Council rejected this suggestion as opposed to council’s policy of openness. Council also filled positions on several committees. Three persons were elected to the undergraduate affairs group: Ted Morris, Are1 Agnew, and Betty Burcher. Joe Courtney was appointed to

Frosh queen Susan Brawley on behalf of Circle K presents a cheque to Joseph Cannel of the, Kitchener-Waterloo YMCA. The money was raised during the orientation slave-day.

New

left eIite:CSM

The student new left is basically too far right and bureaucratic says Bob Creuse of the Internationalists. The group, also known as the Canadian Student Movement, spent most of the informal discussion Tuesday, putting down the present day radicals. Creuse feels they are too elitist, and use action without analysis. “Canadian students are faced with a cultural bankruptcy. Unfortunately this form of capitalist oppression leaves them no alternative but the new left.” Creuse is of the opinion that there is another alternative. Through a linkage with the workers and oppressed, a true socialist movement can be formed

to overthrow capitalist dominance. An armed revolution will occur soon, the internationalists believe, and will probably end through United States intervention. ’ “When the revolution is over, an end to the neocolonialism under the American capitalists will resuit. We must avoid a resultant socialist dictatorship such as occured in China”, said Creuse. The Internationalists are confident the, following of the present ‘ ‘ beurocratic lef t-winger swingers” will join them, to form a true socialist revolution, and end todays capitalistic oppression. ’ I .

-Greg

the Record found it was losing too many papers when they sat in an open box, so they put in a new machine that is supposed to limit you to one paper for one ,dtme. Someone obviously thought this was a raw deal for’ all con-

Wormald,

the Chevron

cemed and liberated eleven papers for ten cents. The next person along thought tnis was a good idea and helped himself to a free copy. So next time you find the newspapers all locked up, try the campus center. ,’ Friday,

October

18, 1968 (9:20)

287.

Quebec

revolt

o&pied

Td16ols

MONTREAL (CUP)--Over 40,000 CEGEP students were out of classes Tuesday as the Quebec student revolution enters its second week. Ten schools are in student hands eight more closed for study sessions and strike votes. Only five of the junior colleges are operating normally. University of Montreal’s students are boycotting classes and -occupying major buildings. The Lava1 University Institute Of Technology is shut down by 2.000 students. Private post-secondary schools around the province are Loyola closed in sympathy. College closed Wednesday for a day ofstudy sessions. Sir George Williams University held study sessions all day Tuesday and McGill students marched in sympathy Wednesday. The rumblings have become an avalanche. Education minister Jean-Guy Cardinal promised Saturday an second French language univer‘ sity will open in Montreal September 1969. He also said he will support any action short of calling in the police initiated by the CEGEP demonstrators to regain control. ’ . Monday CEGEP administrators met in secret session to discuss the situation. They were ‘fed up’ with the whole affair, according to one participant. Calling in cops was only one course of action, he said.

L’Union &nerale des Etudiants de Quebec (UGEQ) will hold a center coordinating committee meeting Thursday evening to plan future actipn. The meeting was called last week to allow each school’s executive to sound out students. Indications are that UGEQ will call a general student strike if the government takes no action before Thursday’. The student eruption began last Tuesday when students seized CEGEP Lionel Groulx in Ste. Therese (some 15 miles north of Montreal) to emphasize their greivances with the inadequacies of the CEGEP system. CEGEP stands for College d’ Enseignment General et Professional and is the Quebec equivalent of a junior college or trade school. a step between high school and the university or industrial trade. The CEGEP system is the first step of a massive overhaul planned for the Quebec educational system. Students are demanding more university space for CEGEP graduates; at the moment some 60 percent cannot gain admission to university. A more equitable distribution of loans and bursaries and planned employment for all graduating CEGEP students. The occupied schools are: Chicoutimi, St.< Jean sur Richilieu, Ahuntsic, Bois de Boulogne, Hull, Lionel Groulx, Maissoneuve, Valleyfield, Edouard Monpetit and Vieux-Montreal.

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WINNIPEG (CUP)--University of Manitoba students were given more ammunition in their battle to open senate and board meetings when the Association of Academic Staff (AAS) of the university last week voted to support the openness principle. University government machi-. nery at Manitoba has been jammed for a month because of a student council refusal to select student senators until senate and board meetings are opened. A position letter by the AAS president C.M. Dowse said: “There are two general principles

Council

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one can adopt towards secrecy in a university community. “There is the ‘need to know’ principle, according to which everything is secret unless one can justify one’s need to know.” “There6 is the opposite view that nothing should be secret or ‘confidential unless one can justify the need for secrecy. The appropriate attitude for a university to adopt is the second one.” The senate and board have been reconstituted under the University of Manitoba Act passed by the provincial legislature last year cannot meet until students sit on the senate. -

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Under the editorship of Bob fourth. For instance, second year second year students were unKing, the curriculum committee responses centered around comwilling to cooperate, as compared of Engineering Society A has plaints about 8am and Frito a combined average of 73 perundertaken a plot project report day afternoon classes. On the cent in other years. 72 percent of course critiques. other hand, third year students of 3B were willing to air their Precedent was set in July by desired more arts courses, more view% in a forum; 40 percent of Engineering Society B’s professor practical courses and more choice other students reacted positively critiques. The report is designed in what was studied. to the forum. 88 percent of 3B as a yardstick or guideline for and 4B commented on question Statistics support this generalconsidering certain aspects of only 45 perization on interest. While 100 number 4 whereas course evaluation. cent of 2A and 3A responded percent of 3B chemical engineAccording to the preface, the I ering replied favourably at all. concerning report attempts to foster greater student representation on faculty The critiques present such faculty acceptance of student curriculum committees, 66 percent ideas as the basic causes of opinion and to bring faculty of 2A chemical engineering had student frustration in the therand students together in a spirit no opinion of this question. and the modynamics course, of mutual understanding. At Further, 55 percent of 3B offered charge that mechanical enginethe same time, the preface to help on the student curriculum ering is a cram course on the underexpresses the hope committee (this was the best verge of obsolescence graduates will become more class response) but only 5 aware of their ability to react percent of 2A responded Editor King enlarges in a more rather than to passively accept favourably to this. abstract way on courses in a any unreasonable aspects of an lengthly epilogue to a report, Three interesting overall engineer’s education. factors emerged from the questiwhich will be reprinted in full The report has two parts first, in Tuesday’s Chevron. onnaire responses. 90 percent all a sample questionnaire designed for distribution to students, accompanied by responses from At Toronto college the mechanical and. chemical disciplines ; second, examples of how critiques could or would be written up. Each of these critiques was written by four to six members of the curriculum comTORONTO(CUP)-Last year’s would also sit on committees mittee from the appropriate occupation which set curricula and other of the discipline. The importance of the eight-day Ontario College of Art by students academic legislature. questionnaire responses is emfurious over the dismissal of two phasized since these general The uproar last year followed was finally vindicated comments provided many of instructors the dismissal of Abe Bayefesky the ideas incorporated in the this week. and Eric Freifeld, both critiques. The critiques were then A one-man commission, assigned painting instructors, by school distributed to grad students for to study the affairs, has called principal Sydney Watson after added comments. for full student and faculty they publicly supported student Four sections constitute the participation in decision-making at demands for curricula change. questionnaire : the college. l What is your opinion of It ended when Davis reinDr. Paul Wright, the chairman student representation on the stated the two instructors, set up of the provincial advisory comfaculty curriculum committees? to review the curmittee on university affair, was ’ a committee l Would you attend a forum to riculum, and assigned Wright to assigned to the study last March discuss your views? (yes or no) make his study. by education minister William 0 Could you, or would you like a month after Davis Davis, to help on the student curriculum Wright’s report is particularly intervened to end the dispute. committee? (yes or no) relevent to other universities l .List any curriculum changes, The proposals would take because of his proposal that one deletions or additions you or your decision-making out of the hands body be responsible for all class would like to see. of the college principal and his academic, financial , - and adminThe responses indicate the governing council and place it istrative affairs. This is a muchlevel of interest in curriculum in a’ reformed council of nine discussed idea that would elimiaffairs is low in second year, representatives of the community, nate distinctions between senates rises to a climax in third year, six elected faculty members, and and boards of governors at other and then drops moderately in three elected students. Students schools. I

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Friday,

October*lB,

1968 (9:20)

289

embodied in the agreement.

The University of Waterloo study contmittee on university government had three student menibers on the 26Tman group charged with the task Of investigating possible changes in the structure of university government at this university. After two years of frustration during which the maj&ity ’ rejected every suggestion of substantial change in either the structure or the spirit of governmenf at the university, we student members feel (hat a second report is not only in order, but also imperative if a meaningful alternative for the future of the university is to be formulated. We did not feel, in the closed atmosphere of closed committee meetings, that ‘our proposals received a fair or even reasonable hearing, nor did we feel that the committee’s proposals embodied any change whatever. We voted against the tinkering tone of the majority’s report. ConsequentlJy, we are compelled to offer this minority report to the board of governors, to the senate and to the people of this so-called community of scholars.

-When reading this minority report, one should be aware it is essentially negative, but should not condemn the authors for that characteristic. Every minority report usually faces the same basic criticism: “If you are going to attack the proposals of the majority, what suggestions are you prepared to offer in their stead?” Unfortunately, the minority’s suggestions embodied in the federation’s brief of March 1967 were rejected in toto by the majority. We have no alternative but to show how negative the majority’s report really is. This is an essential point and one which the reader must keen in mind :

which eased its way from the committee on the study of university government, . one is struck by the fact that the status quo has triumphed and is now marching in a newly-arranged set of garments. Though it is not an easy task, we must examine the rhetoric of progress in search of the reality of stagnant inaction that it clothes. The majority states its own very negative approach to reform of current structure of university government most explicitly : _

In this, as in other areas of consideration, the committee avoided any attempt to develop an abstract general theory or formula designed to guide our judgement, in particular instances.

the majority report is fundamentally a call for the antithesis of change, it consists of tinkering to avoid change.

When one looks at the 39-majority

By their own admission, the majority refused to consider the fundamental principles of any system of university government. They have assigned this burdensome task to the student:

290

report

A May we protest

The following-6pen letter was sent on Novemher 2, 1967 to all members of the University of Waterloo committee on the study of university the Federation of Students and government, the Chevron. It expressed the great dissatisfaction of the student members-of the committee in the procedures the committee ‘had chosen to adopt.

By means of this open letter we, the student representatives to the University of Waterloo committee on the Study of university government, wish to publicly voice our great disappointment with the attitude of the other members of the committee, the manner in which discussion takes place, and in particular, the type of d&cussion which occurred at the last meeting of the committee held October 30,1967. The student council of the Federation of Students accepted membership on this committee as of September 20, 1966, and in doing so expected its appointees to participate in a frank, honest discussion of the university governing-structure and to join in recommending changes in that structure. ‘The committee has not operated in a frank and honest manner. And we feel the display of this attitude at the last meeting of the committee demands that we state our extreme disappointment. We would first call to your attention the attendance. Of the twenty-six-man committee, fourteen were present. The absentees included two of the three board members, four of the five deans, and two vicepresidents. The absence of the latter two groups is particularly worthy of note. These members of the committee occupy essential power positions in the university and we suspect their absence indicates a disdain for the official task of the committee because the more relevant decisions are being made elsewhere, as illustrated by the current reorganization in the higher levels of the administration which have been undertaken withoutregard for the existence of this committee. -I We feel the attitude of the chairman was not condu-

The CHEVRON .

Many student discussions are characterized by such questions as ‘What is a university?‘, ‘What are the goals and purposes of society?‘, ‘What is real education?‘, ‘Why can’t the community of scholars be operated democratically?‘. These rhetorical questions imply a rejection of some of the values with which many of the older generation have lived. Student organizations urge a fundamental reconstruction of these aims and values, and only after such clarification is it considered worthwhile to discuss the question of how a university should be governed. The majority itself preferred to use pragmatism as its gospel to avoid the embarassing comparison of their rhetoric with the realities of the university. These men passed over the more fundamental considerations of university reform without even commenting on the validity of the student analysis.

Needless

artificiality

However, it is artificial for the majority of the members to claim they have nothing but practical considerations in the front of their minds. They have a general philosophy of the university but they do not wish to state it boldly in print. They, even refused to debate the point in closed committee meetings, leaning heavily on calls for cool, practical talk rather of purpose. 4 than airy discussions Of course, the majority’s purpose for

cive to discussion as he over-directed the discussion,’ subtly attempted to discourage questions from the student representatives and, although previously informed of the motion on openness of committee meetings, could not disassociate himself from the discussion and could * not conceal his anger. We are most disappointed the motion to continue holding open meetings was defeated, especially since the committee members refused to address themselves to the arguments presented. While recognizing we aare at fault in that we did not adequately pursue some points raised by other committee members, we feared we would appear obnoxious-and thus prejudice our ability to communicate our ideas to them. Nevertheless, we wish to state it was our feeling the members minds were not open to any discussion of . the topic. May we repeat for the benefit of those committee members not present it is our belief the deliberations of the committee are of such importance to all members of the university that allmust be able to witness the thinking, the debate and the decision-making about the recommendations that will go on. , We feel it is only through open meetings the views of the constituents of the various representatives to the committee can be obtained. We are also concerned that all but the senior faculty have been ignored in the faculty representation on the committee. We therefore inform the committee-that after careful consideration by the student council-we shall continue to serve as student representatives to the committee but we must state we cannot hold the content of the deliberations in secret, and to assure that all reports to our constituents will be accurate, we intend to record the ~1 discussionson tape. 1 We hope after careful consideration some of the memhers of the committee will request reconsideration of the motion on open meetings, and the committee will decide . to function in a truly open, honest and democratic manner. We hope, too, it will become the real forum for dis- ~ cussion of all. changes in the university’s governing structure. .

the university is the same one that motivated J.G. Hagey and his corporate brain-trust when they began the University of Waterloo: we will be the best moulder of good economic units our society has ever seen. In the introduction, the majority lumps problems of size together with problems of disintegration as factors necessitating change in the university government at the University of Waterloo. Problems of size have made administrative processes more impersonal and inefficient. However, problems of disintegration bring into question the very values held by the statuslquo university. Students and faculty have found the university to be a service industry for a corporate world, have begun to question their exclusion from full participation, and have begun ’ to challenge the basis and fabric of Canadian and world society. Some university teachers also feel this \ alienation from the essentials of a university. These men and women, faculty and students alike, have begun to attempt a formulation of purpose for the’university that presupposes some integrity for its members.. This search, which should have been taken up by the committee, is passed off verbally by the majority in the following piece of artful, paternalistic pap:

In the present era/of change, with its recurring liolence, massive problems and ugly contradictions, many bright young people are at the universities and see in their immediate environment an area for effective change. A feeling of “let’s start right now” exists. Youth’s assumptions of clear insight into injustice and democracy, combined with its characteristic impatience, .have provided a springboard for keen young minds to launch demands, not only for participation in the shaping of university policy, but also for re-. examining the aims of society in generai. If only some of this pomposity replaced by a real commitment search for a definition (if not a which may never be made, a clear, temporary statement) university. The majority bluntly refused consider it:

had been to the final one at least of the to even

For purposes of casual discourse concerning the various affairs of the particular institution of higher learning with which we are affiliated, there appears to be little need to define precisely who or what we mean by our references to the university as a whole. After wading through that tical jungle, one might continue the following appears :

grammato, where

The committee did not endorse (.or consider endorsing) any specific description or account ‘of the concept of...a community of scholars; but its recommendations concerning faculty and student representation on the governing bodies of the University are clearly inspired by some such conception.”

\ y. / .j

Even with that piece of obfuscation, the majority had the confidence to assert in its very next sentence that those members indeed do have some idea of what a university is: .

At the very least the notion of a community of scholars identifies scholarly activity as the essential purpose of the university and stresses its paramount importance

-\v

Here we have mentioned in the ity report. This rejected even the purpose for the

5 \

the frustrating situation foreword to this minorcommittee’s majority discussion of the central university. selected a

J ’ \

term, the community of scholars, without seeking a definition, then assigned to this vague cliche the status of essential purpose for the university. It makes the artful dodge sound clear and progressive. The real problems facing this university are not ones of size. Administrative procedures could well be improved, made more efficient and hopefully less impersonal. The minority is sympathetic with the administration’s combat against the economies of scale.

NO community

exists

However, of much greater and more immediate concern are the problems of in the university. The disintegration committee in its 25 months of deliberations overlooked these essential problems, though they are mentioned in the report. The major issue today is that no community exists here at Waterloo. AS long as a large section of the poPulace (faculty, students and staff) at this university is unable to effect real change in the quality of life at this university, there never will be a sense of spirit of ‘cooperation. As long as this university is governed by the interests and outlook of the corporate board of governors, there can be no academocracy. How can a free and incisive atmosphere exist in this university, when the prime aim of its program is the production of acceptable citizens who will approach the problems of their society with the same sort of superficial questioning that has satisfied most members of the study committee? To return to the initial point, the majority does have a philosophy of the university, but is unwilling to state it openly; the minority offered a definition (see appendix l), the only definition offered at any time, but it was given short shrift by the other members. We find the proposal that a new or reformed committee on university government continue to meet to discuss such “secondary” questions as openness and the composition and operations of the governing bodies at the departmental and faculty levels totally unacceptable. As has been pointed out on many occasions, the locus of power in the university is not found at the board or senate level, but rather in the departments and faculties. Decisions made by these latter bodies are the ones most crucial to students’ and faculty members’ lives, and it is here that both must be full partners in the decision-making processes. Yet the committee on university govern_ ment did not deal with this area contenting itself as it did with tinkering with the superstructure of university government. Similarly with the question of openness of the deliberations of the governing bodies, there has been a complete desire on the part of most committee members to avoid this question, a question which was for all intents and purposes decided on October 30, 1967 when committee members refused to seriously consider a student proposal that the committee continue to meet openly for the duration of its existence. It is not surprising this question too has been shuffled off into another committee for a few more years’ study. Nor is it surprising, in light of the approach. of the whole report, that the whole episode which broke into the open at the November 6, 1967 meeting as a result of the correspondence from the student representatives to the committee LX\members (see memos) has been completely omitted, although this episode marked one of the few occasions on which frankness and honesty were even close to being genuinely exhibited in the committee. We have, through our work with this committee, become thoroughly disenchanted with the whole concept of the committee structure of decision-making in the university.

Shame,

shame,

shame

As this committee submits its majority report, it should do so with shame, for it has taken 25 months to prepare a document without a philosophy, a document

not be carried out because of the pathetic attendance, although all three student representatives were present. We said in our memorandum of November 2, 1967 that the absence of some committee members was particularly worthy of note:

These members of the committee occupy essential power positions in the university and we suspect that their absence indicates a disdain for the official task of the committee because the more relevant decisions are being made elsewhere, as illustrated by the current reorganization in the higher levels of the administration which have been undertaken without regard for the existence of the committee (on university government). Non-student committee members reacted strongly against this statement, but we find on review of over two years’ frustration that this is an accurate summation of the proceedings. We find the distinction between government and administration in the University of Waterloo which is drawn by its president a sham. The president’s council-the real decision-making body of the universitynever consulted with the committee. We cite the actual structuring of the committee as a clear indication of the real importance with which this committee has been held by the administration of the university. In the same memorandum we stated the committee has not operated in a frank and honest manner. Great exception to this statement was also heard. But what else can one call it when members of the subcommittee on governing structure-who supported that subcommittee’s recommendation for a single-tiered structure-then aboutfaced in full committee and silently and meekly voted against the recommendation when opposition to it was expressed by the university’s president? We conclude the very fact that only one student was originally included in the committee’s membership of over 20, the fact that the board members, the execu-

tive officers and the deans presented no briefs to the committee but contented themselves with dismissing the arguments of others, and the fact that the committee took 25 months to report, all indicate this committee’s function has been to act as a pacifier, a means of holding the whole question of university government in limbo until the moves of other universities could be seen and until the presidents and boards of the universities of Canada had decided how much the vested interests have to move to contain the challenges they are facing. Chairman Ted Batke concludes the report with the statement:

of the problems of size and their report may go some way in beginning to improve outmoded administrative procedures. However, it might have been easier and less time-consuming and, most of all, more honest, to call in a firm of management consultants to perform such a task. The majority has completely avoided any attempt to solve the problems of disintegration. And it must always be SO, so long as the powers-that-be refuse to deal honestly and openly with those who offer constructive suggestions for change. The answer lies not in further committees to discuss sticky questions of university government or in the adding of two or three easily ignored or easily co-opted students to committees here and there in the closed-door, powerless, advisorycommittee structure of the university. These methods have been tried aud they have failed. The answer for students and faculty lies in the creation of strong, articulate and committed movements which will represent their interests, which will confront the authority structure with their demands and which will, in the confrontations which result, achieve the recognition of those “fundamental values (on which) the vitality and freedom of the academic community ultimately rest”. It is obvious that only in this way will the University of Waterloo provide the much-needed leadership in the nation-wide challenge to remake the universities into forces to revivify our floundering society.

“But more important even than the formal structure of government finally adopted, is the spirit of a common intellectual purpose that can emerge from the transformation. A sense of mutual confidence, understanding and a genuine willingness to debate issues openly are the real goals to be achieved. Would that these goals were possible! But this statement in itself shows the impossibility of achieving these goals, for it, like the whole report and like the attitudes of most committee members, proves there is no understanding of the way in which structures affect people. There can be no “common intellectual purpose” emerging from the pitiful tinkering the committee recommends.

Growing

alienation

The vast majority of students and faculty of the university will be untouched by the committee’s proposals-they will remain alienated from the structures which govern their lives. There will continue to exist and indeed to grow in intensity the deep suspicion and distrust which pervades this campus today. If this committee has been unsuccessful in operating its own show with “mutual confidence, willingness

Submitted

Stephen P. Flott Steve Flott Brian Iler Steve Ireland student’ representatives appointed by the Federation of Students to the University of Waterloo study committee on university government.

understanding, and a genuine to debate issues openly” (and

we feel this is indeed the case), how on earth can these ideals ever be accomplished in the university as a whole? The majority has well considered some

October, University

7968 of Waterloo

ILet them eat cake \ /n rep/y to the open letter-on November 6, 7967-Ted Batke, Chairman of the committee on the study of university government, informed the Federation of Students, the . Chevron and other committee members of his views concerning open meetings for the formulation of the committee’s report...

The October 30,1967 meeting of the committee on the study of university government, held to receive the long-awaited brief of the Faculty Association, was an open meeting in accordance with an earlier decision of the committee. At the October 30 meeting a motion to hold open meetings for the coming phase of the committee’s work, i.e. the task of generating a report, was defeated. The motion may of course be introduced again. However, whether meetings of the committee are to be open, closed or recorded will continue to be determined by a vote in the committee. The general subject of open meetings in university bodies, surely one of the major elements,in the formulation of policy for governing bodies, was listed by the steering committee (of which Mr. Ireland is a member) as a topic for full discussion by the committee, and is now on its agenda.

In my introductory remarks at the October 30 meeting I also proposed a separate, open and public, “Waterloo debate” of about three consecutive evenings. on the crucial issues of student and faculty concern.‘I note that this proposal was not even mentioned in the student press. Much of what has been said .on the topic of openness strikes me as being rather superficial and based mainly on emotive themes. I suggest the concept of open meetings needs to be examined much more closely, especially as to its appropriateness to a wide range of types of meetings-from the rather formal deliberations of explicitly prepared Proposals and-recommendations to the exploratory discussions in subcommittees attempting to define and to formulate such proposals. As chairman of the committee on the study of university government, I consider it inappropriate to offer my personal views on issues before the committee. and I assure you that this can be a frustrating experienee. However, I am quite prepared to have a meeting with student council so that we might clarify some of the issures at stake. I believe, in all sincerity. that the style of name-calling and the ill-founded insinuations evident in the November 3rd issue of the Chevron destroys confidence and good faith on all sides and is hardly the level of communication to be expected in a *community of scholars’.

Friday,

October

78, 7968 (9:ZO)

297

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WE SCORE HIGH WITH STUDENTS BECAUSE OF SPECIAL PAYMENT PLANS AND LOW PRICES’ 67 VOLKS Red, radio

1967 FORD GALAXIE 500 $ 350.00 (turq-blacktop) convertible, V8 au t radio po wer steering uo wer brakes---

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63 COMET $680.00 4 door sedan - radio, Blue white top

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Oct. 21, MO

. 4

’

,’GENERAL MEETING Ahonday,

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OF KING .

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p,m

Campus .

, \wtio

RUNS THIS UNIVERSITY?

The report on university govern. meet, not only recommends no

real changes in the government of our university, 1ts . authors refused even to discuss the principles upon which it is based! Its authors are among those who have .and use the power to make decisions about -each one of us every day that we are in the university. years, the. student For two .\

292 The CHEVRON

Center \

members. tried to get a discus- I sion of what the university and 1 its government is about. They I. . were ignored. Even dialogue was denied. HOW much longer can - thinking I: people tolerate such a situation? ’ Such unprincipled government? \ On Monday night, we must discover what we can do about it. / _

Definition of the university Though at first the question of the formal definition of the University of Waterloo may seem trivial, it does provide the necessary beginning of any serious attempt to examine the university’s governing structure. How one defines the term university will largely depend upon one’s concept of education. Having formulated a philosophy of education and a definition of university, the determination of membership in that particular institution is appreciably lessened. Once accepting a general outlook on the institution and its membership, a government is formed to meet the ends and provide the means for attaining the accepted goals, with the various classes of membership and the responsibilities conferred upon them being so planned as to best facilitate the attainment of these ends.

Therefore, the Federation of Students feels that before presenting any recommendations to the committee, it is paramount that the committee members gain some understanding of our concept of the university, so that when it considers these proposals it will do so on the basis of our total presentation. Society has always demanded a number of specially educated or trained individuals to carry on its many complex tasks. When man’s technological knowledge had expanded beyond the point *where such traditional systems as the guild or apprenticeship or informal tutelage could infuse the proper degree of technical sophistication, a new form of training had to be instituted. Historically, as the value of utilitarian considerations increased, as practical and material matters gained in importance, the traditional emphasis on ultimate or less practical questions ceased to dominate the society’s mind. It became less important for man to meditate on his own existence and more important to seek out the mysteries of science and the practical solutions to problems. These cultural changes dictated a new form for the university. Knowledge became compartmentalized of necessity as the volume of things to be iearned multiplied. Men were forced to specialize in one area to the exclusion of others. Technology and applied science invaded the realm of the humanities and sciences within the university. Men had to be taught the intricacies of the new industrial systems and, what is more, to continue to develop these systems. These types of change have continued to the -present day, increasing at an exponential rate. Whereas before only the clerics, the rich or well-born were educated, the doctrines of democracy dictate that all should have the opportunity to receive some form of education. Whereas before the society’s technological advancement did not require a high level of specialized competence, industrialization has produced a demand for highly-skilled technicians, sophisticated administrators and a high level of specialized competence, industrialization has produced a. demand for highly-skilled technicians, sophisticated administrators and a high level of specialized expertise. Whereas before the university’s administration-could afford to be rather rudimentary, it has of necessity become highly complex. Whereas before the size and required teaching and research aids could be supplied without a great outlay of money, the university has become a multimilliondollar enterprise requiring great levels of financial support.

In search

of truth

It is in light of these developments that one must review the ephemeral concept of the university as a community of scholars in search of truth. If this phrase is to imply a monkish pursuit of universal questions, then it must be thrown out with

the other ideas of history, such as divine right of kings or the guild system. The search for truth in our day is no less universal ; however, its universality lies in that we are searching out the meaning of many more things than our forebearers knew. The engineer looks for the true way to perfect the construction of bridges, buildings, computers or chemical equipment. He sees the true order of physical objects as they appear-and as they can be arranged to form many varied constructs. The scientist looks for the true order of organic and inorganic objects. He seeks to discover and understand the physical components of our phenomenological world. The mathematician searches out the most perfect and efficient way to calculate and to analyze the manifest forces that confront our world. The student of the humanities or social sciences strives to peer into man as he is and has been, to find out how he views himself. The search for truth in these areas implies an unwillingness to accept the world as we find it. The very fact that we search means that we are not satisfied with what we have discovered. We are dedicated to the dynamics of change, to the quest for an answer to “why. 3” . This is, indeed, a radical process. We ourselves advocate change where it contributes to the progression toward truth. Without this implied dynamism our search is worthless-it is static.

This community of scholars has to be organized along practical lines which prove efficient in the performance of the task set out. It cannot exist as an ethereal dream incapable of transfer to the world we are in. However, when considering the various institutional forms by which education is to be transmitted, we must not confuse industrial efficiency with the type of efficiency which should be characteristic of a university. The university does ‘not attempt to produce a given commodity. It cannot gauge its successful performance in terms of degrees granted or input-output differentials. If the end of the university is to instil in its members, both professional and novice, the desire to search out the truth of a given issue, then much more than cost accounting or head counting or faculty-student ratios must be taken into consideration.

Political

dependence

One must also be aware of the limitations which this community of scholars is faced with in its relationship with the federal and provincial governments. It would be foolhardy for anyone to suppose that the University of Waterloo is independent of these governmental bodies. By far the majority of the finance capi ta1 behind so large an undertaking as this comes from Queen’s Park and of necessity this capital outlay comes with specific strings attached. The government is leg-

itimately concerned with its responsibilities to its citizens. However, the dangers inherent in the political determination of university development cannot be overlooked. The problem created by society’s demand for skilled personnel cannot be disregarded, but it must be recognized that this increasing demand must not derail the university from its first responsibility: to seek out truth. After surveying some of the matters and considerations which must precede our discussion of the University of Waterloo specifically, the point at issue becomes the practical definition of the community of scholars-who belongs to it and who deserves to participate in its government. If we accept that the university exists to seek out the answers to the question “why?“, then anyone engaged in that activity is a member of that community. Granted all are not of equal skill or experience, this does not mean, however, the searching out of truth is the monopoly of one or another group within that community. Salary scale, educational background: length of tenure, or processes of administration cannot alone define the relationships among the groups concerned. Because of such factors, some groups may have a deeper vested interest in the running of the institution and will have a more influential role in the government, but if this amounts to the exclusion of other groups, we feel that the government may “..not always. operate in the best interest ot the entire community. The proven academics as well as the novices and academics-in-the-making are all supposed to be participants in the academic quest. We must accept the capacity of the faculty to lead, to guide, to encourage, and to judge the performance of the novice, but not to govern the university to his exclusion. Faculty is the senior partner in the community, but not the only member. Only by an interaction on all levels between the two groups of learners can the university provide the atmosphere of cooperation and cohesion that should characterize the academic community.

Functionaries

also

belong

Those who are charged with the carrying on of the practical aspects of a large institution are also members of the community. The provision of money and the ordering of many varied aspects such as the food-services, bookstores, libraries, finance and acquisition of university property, cannot be adequately looked af-

ter by the persons engaged in more academic affairs. Someone must look after the grounds, buildings and material facilities necessary to the pursuit of the common goal. They, too, should participate in the government. However, since money is a paramount consideration in the conduct of academic affairs, the two neither can nor should be divorced in theory and in practice. The important distinction to ‘be drawn when judging the sections of the community which should participate in the government of this community must be the various members’ relation to the institution’s goals. The professional and novice academics, faculty and students, are properly the core of the community and should participate in its government. Those members of the administration who are in policymaking positions, those who make decisions that directly affect the well-being of the community, should also take part in the government. However, those who provide services. which, although necessary, are not intimately connected with the basic pursuit of the university, should therefore not participate in its government directly. The definition of the University of Waterloo which underlies this presentation on student participation in its government is: the University of Waterloo is an academic community of the 1960’s occupied with the search for truth. It is made up of its faculty, students and upper-level administrators who form the government of that institution. I This university’s most important iob is the provision of the very best education possible for those who attend and not simply the education of the very largest number which appears. The university government must seek to instil in the minds of its members an understanding of, and a desire to participate in, the radical activity of learning and searching, in addition to providing them with the necessary technical, administrative or scholarly skills which will fit them for positions in society. Y

The student representatives on the committee on university government, two of whom were involved in the writing of this statement which was adopted as Federation of Students policy in April 1967, would now disagree with the inclusion of non-academic upper-level administrators in the government of the institution. These persons should be seen as service and management personnel and for the present should have no more than an advisory role in the government of the institution.

Summary of major’ recommendations 1. We recommend the establishment of a single-tiered governing structure: a senate-a council of approximately 60 persons, mainly from the university community itself. The senate would represent the single, ultimate governing and legislative source. 2. We recommend, in addition, an assembly of from 100 to 300 persons-a comprehensive body representative of all areas in the university and society. The assembly would exist to expand the university’s contacts and to serve as a review body.

school and institute within the university which offers courses leading to a degree. 4. We recommend students be included in the membership of most senate commit tees. 5. We recommend the redefinition of the department to include students registered in the department, and formal provision be made for student participation in the department. 6. We recommend the retention of the present membership of faculty councils with the addition of student membership elected through the departments.

3. We recommend, following the pattern recommended for faculty representation, students be elected to the senate from each faculty, federated college,

from “A proposal for university government at the University of Waterloo ” Federation of Students May 7967

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NO chairmaQ

grad

ball catkelled

another event for the elite which is only attended by those who can afford it and as such this board should have nothing to do with it. We should concentrate our efforts on events which will be easily accessible to the entire universitykommunity.”

A recent board of student activities meeting decided Grad Ball ‘69 would be cancelled. Chairman Jim Keron said, “Advertisments have appeared in the Chevron for the last month, I have contacted several people whom I thought might be interested and I -still can not find 1 ‘anyone willing to run it.” He went on to say, “If people want a grad ball it is their resThe physics club is heading ponsibility to organzie it, I c,an’t out west, Friday October 25. The do it for them.” club members ,will be attendingThe decision to Zcancel the a three day conference at the event -was made after a long University of Manitoba. debate’ on the releyance of Grad Six of Waterloo’s delegates will Ball. Larry Burko, homecoming also be speaking to the gathering: chairman said “Grad Ball ‘is Dave Tozer on thermodynamics ‘basically of no real value as it and meteorology, Herman Willeis another tradition which restricts mson on low temperature physics, our imagination. ” Ron Daminato on meteorological Keron also said, “It is just I satellites and Rick Nelson, Locksly

It was noted no applications have been received for Summer Weekend 69 or Homecoming 69. ’ Keron said “I would hate to cancel these events but wouldn’t hesitate to do so. I have better things to do with my time than play with sandbox trivia.”

MARTIN POLTEN

CLA&lCAL

GUITARIST

Ca.mpus Center -

- October

ADMISSION

4:00

5Oc

1 Tickets at Box Office

Phone

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Physics club ,goes west

NcGann and William Dymond ( general physics. The club is sending 21 delegat as compared to the five delegat at last year’s McMaster confe ence. They are hoping to host th Canada-wide event next yea Fiancing of the trip is beir undertaken jointly by the physi department, the physics clu and the conference body;

cCMAUARISHl” AT

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8: 30 P.M.

.MOlV.,

OCT. 27

UNIVERSITY

OF WATERLOO

ADMISSION

STUDENTS’

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- ’

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INTERNATIONAL

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MEDITATION

SOCIETY

be glad that Business Girl Fashions Mister Leonard-got together. Girls a heaktort on fashion are sure to Mister Leonard a round of applause esigning pace-setting sportswear for Wait til you see versatile wools and bold plaids with companion sweaters.

PUREVIRGIN WOOL

Then,treat yourself to a chat with Dr.Howard Petch,Vice President (Academic) Mondays,4-6 p.m.#CampusCentre (Pub Area) 10

The CHEVRON

19 King N. Waterloo

lO%‘STUDENT

743-487 1 DlSCOUNi

No, they’re not really picketing the arts library. The marchers, opposite St. Jacobs city hall, are part of last years Miles for Millions lineup outside the Dominion Ho tel.

pubs on march

Four by Thomas

willing than usual to cooperate with students at this time, and can usually be counted upon to pledge varying sums of the capitalistic dollar. Pledges are made on a per mile basis and all proceeds from the march will go to charity. By strategically placing the last bar in mile number 28, the has ensured a large group financial turnover from the alco-

J. Edwards

Chevron staff

‘;Brian E

Baker Is Bending 1 Over BaCkwa:-dsi

WlPH STUDENf DISCOUNTS ON PRESCRlPTlONS J

UPON PRESENTATION OF STUDENT CARD Ij ..~< .,..Ij

The charitable version of the Waterloo County crawl gets under way, Saturday, Oct. 26. Actually the official name of the occasion is Miles for Millions. However as every beer addict on campus knows, the route passes four of the county’s finest hostelries. Under the leadership of the Aryan Affairs Commission the multitudes of charity marchers

willbecovering upto2&milesholics. Food stations

have also been positioned at four locations along the route for those who can’t march on a diet of .pretzels and peanuts. The march will start at Victoria Park pavillion and end at the Kitchener city hall, located about a- quarter mile awav. Unfortun-

Unfortunately the presence of the AAC in itself cannot insure the success of the event. Volunteers are needed to march and help carry home survivors from pub number four. Local businessmen are more

ately a rather round-about path, through Waterloo, St. Jacobs, Bloomingdale and Conestoga, Bridgeport adds an extra 2T3/4 ffoot-aching miles. Marchers are asked to dress in light, warm clothes, wear thick-soled shoes, and bring plenty of small change, (no Virginia, the hotels don’t give beer away.) Negotiations are presently underway with the musicians union, (local 252) and all indications are that the Berlin and Elmiry Marching Band will be in attendance, to provide inspiring music to march by. Anyone wishing more information on what could be the social event of the season should go to the federation office.

TO-NIGHT MclNNIS ON YJNIVERSITY REFORM” 7:30 CAMPUS CENTER Mr.

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October

78, 7968 (9:20)

295

. Angere,d

1 affc&s

.engineer

~feecibuck

Feedback has been attacked. Kurt Lovgren, mech eng 3B, has issued a flyer titled “Do you question the accuracy in the content of the Chevron?” . ‘Lovgren’s letter on Enginews ran in last week’s Feedback column under the heading “Responsible to use libel, but filth isn’t welcomed.” ’ In it he commended Enginews for its “responsible attitude” in attacking activist opinions, but complained of “filth and rubbish.” . However, in the opinion of one legal expert, some. statements in En; ginews about federation leaders were actually libelous-hence the reference in the heading. The feedback logo states that the Chevron reserves the right to shorten letters.

The desire of the activists. is a more democratic society (according to Mr. Iler). The wording of this article was altered on eleven occasions to’ suit the whims of the Chevron staff, and to change its emphasis. ’ Freedom of speech is an integral part of a democratic society. Strange hoinr one can preach ‘democracy’ yet practice ‘comunism’. Imagine the team effort involved in reporting on major news bulle.*- . And who uses libel? No, not Mr. Hagey! LovgrenS f0l/0ws:

/etter

was received

’ The ‘engineers finally seem to have found a. focal point worthy of the attention of the entire student’ body. (Keep it up fellows) ; In their medium ‘Enginews’ they have chosen to attack and challenge the views and opinions of ‘Mr. Saxe 82 company’. However, while adopting a responsible attitude on one side, on the other they continue with their traditional #(or so they believe) trash. Come-on fellows, elevate yourselves from the depths of the gutters! 0r;if you insist; continue in your orgy as you wish but keep your filth and rubbish to yourselves. What purpose does it serve? Whom is it intended to impress,-the girls? Is it satisifaction (sic) to you ; surely you have progressed beyond that stage! Should there exist amonst (sic) our fellow students, individuals who require this smut, they can undoubtedly nourish their minds with material available at any of the local shops. . We have a good start in our paper let’s not ruin it with this type of performance. What is required, rather, are informative articles concerning or of value to us, social activities, sports,. the latest engineering faculty happenings, etc. Engineers are supposed to be creative, mature individuals ready to assume strategic social responsibilitis!

‘Hatchett -student

The CHEVRON

DAILY

LUNCHEON

7be Moods

SPECIAL

K177-Y

in Motion

KAR

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THE KENT HOTEL. j

a-----

vandals

“He was not relieved because of any statement he made,” *administration president James M. Hester said. “It-was a cumula296

The engineers finally seem to have found a focal point worthy of the attention of the entire student body. In Fnginews they have attacked and challenged the views of the activists. However, while adopting a responsible attitude on one side; they continue with their traditional (or so they believe) trash. Come-on fellows, elevate yourselves from the depths of the gutters. Or, if you insist, continue in your orgy as you wish, but keep your filth and ,rubbish to yourselves. What purpose does it serve? Whom is it intended to imnressthe girls? Is it satisfaction to you? Surely you have progressed be, yond that stage. Should others exist amongst -our fellow students, individuals who require this smut, they can nourish their minds with material from any of the local shops. We have a good start in our paper. Let’s not ruin it with this type of performance. What we need are informative articles of value to us, social activities, sports and the latest engineering faculty happenings. Engineers are supposed to be creative, mature individuals ready to assume strategic social responsibilities.

gets the ai :

NEW YORK (CUPI)-New York University’s Bronx campus was hit with isolated incidents of vandalism Monday as students protested the dismissal of the director of the university’s Afro-American student center. Two small bombs exploded in corridors, some fire hoses and telephone wires were cut and locks and toilets were damaged on the Bronx campus. At the university’s other campuses students picketed and boycotted classes with no violence. John F. Hatchett was fired as director after he called Richard Nixon, Hubert Humphrey and Albert Shanker (president of the United Federation of Teachers) “racist bastards”.

5 After some shortening and editing, his letter was published in this form:

tive thing. Mr. Hatchett believes in a particular way of expressing his black identity that is devisive in the university”. The strike began Monday in an attempt to get Hatchett reinstated. Jesse Gray, a black activist, told students, “You won’t get Hatchett back as long as you refuse to disrupt the day-to-day operations of this campus. ” “I’m not advocating violence, but the cop represents violence,” he said. “Don’t think you can win your case without getting your black heads and your white heads busted.” . Hester said he will not interfere with the strike as long as it remains non-violent. But he told students any measures, including calling in the police, would be taken if the students used physical force in their protest.

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As a representative of the non-violent right, I would like to discuss rationally some of the ideas of Iler’s address. First, Iler states: “The fact that our society is totally based on profit negates the possibility of human needs being fulfilled-a fact which makes necessary the complete restructuring of our society. ’ ’ Needs is a favorite word of the left. It was a crucial, but undefined concept in Marx’s Communist Manifesto. By undefined, I mean it was not clear who was to determine what someone’s needs were: the glorious people’s commissar of need? If indeed, we accept for a moment the proposition, from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs; and if we assume it would be possible to fulfil everyone’s needs; we must still ask, why should I work to the extent of my ability when only my needs are being met? Should I not also have some of my wants satisfied? The first and only basic need of a human being is to stay alive. From this first need certain secondary needs arise-food, shelter, companionship. From each of these secondary needs tertiary needs arise. For food for example, you need seeds, earth, sun, water or the ready availability of the produced commodities in a market. I maintain our society does this better than any other society yet discovered by man. (Why, if not, is so much wheat exported to other countries? ) I fail to see how cooperation, mutual respect and love will provide more food than the dollars the farmer now receives Humans, being for his crops. human, will be much more willing to work for profit and the material goods and comforts that they can purchase with their profits, than for the lofty ideals of cooperation, mutual respect and love. This leads into the second topic. Iler states: “I believe that competition, so much a part of the society we live in, is dehumanising.” My views of the nature of man differ greatly from Iler’s. Man is a creature struggling to stay alive. He is struggling against The nature and other men. latter is called competition. In this struggle he needs all the weapons he has-muscles, wit, knowledge. Once all his needs have been fulfilled, he need no longer fight (i.e. compete) to stay alive, but at the same time what has been the main purpose of his life (maintaining his life) also ceases to exist. When a human no longer has to struggle to stay alive, he is no longer a human. Thus, far from dehumanizing man, competition is absolutely necessary for man. Indeed, critically judging our present society, I would say there is far too little competition. The end result of this lack of real competition is a group of people in our present society who lack of real competition is a group of people in our present society who lacking a purpose for living, must invent one. The most available and also the most fashionable activity

presently seems to be giving advice to people who are happier than oneself. This group could have many names: activists or student council, to name but two. I completely agree with Iler’s third statement-“Democracy cannot work unless the school system itself is democratic.” The conclusions we draw from that will be quite diffirent. After reading Iler’s address, I am not sure what he wants to do, or even exactly how he hopes to do it. I am not in favor of violence or manifestations. That the university administration gave in over the bookstore sit-in was stupidity on its part. How would the non-violent right have handled the same situation? The way the engineers and phooey on (bless them, Bob Verdun-he should end up in poli-sci ! ) started out to do. The weapons of the right are the free market. So, they set up a bookstore of their own. Had student council decided to set up a bookstore on a co-op basis, it could have obtained the same results by using competition. I am not saying the bookstore was right charging the prices it did. I merely maintain the students’ means were wrong. (The means does not justify the ends, despite what Goldwater said.) We can only speculate, but it is certainly possible that had _ student council started a bookstore of its own, we would now be paying less for all books and not just for course books. The schools will be democratic only when they are not controlled by the government, which, by attaching conditions to the way it gives grants, effectively controls what all universities do. (If you don’t do it their way you don’t get any money.) As long as the government has this control, it is futile to think any university could be democratic. In some ways, the administration is as frustrated as the students. To function, the citizen of a democracy must have freedom, as Don Greaves so artfully stated (feedback, Oct. 11). To have a democratic university, the student must have freedom-not freedom to park any where he wants (really student council is beginning to scrape the bottom of the barrel)-but rather a freedom of choice: a choice of electives, a choice of professors, a choice to work or not to work. The way to get these things is not to go on strike, to parade with signs, to manifest in a hundred silly ways, but rather to exercise what choice is available: to go to University X instead of University Y because it’s a little better, to demand professor Y instead of professor Z because he is better. If enough people do this, someone may get the message, if they don’t tant pis pour eux. Somewhere, somehow, someone will, and then. a non-violent revolution will have begun. It may be slower, but it will certainly be accomplished with less animosity, and less resentment all around. The change must come, not because of a mass movement, but rather because of the efforts of individual humans each competing to get what is best for him. To say that the non-violent right opts for the status-quo is to falsify entirely the movement. Friday,

The right is as dissatisfied with society as is the left, but for different reasons and in different ways. It is, and must be a movement of individuals, each working independently for what he thinks is right. His weapons are not the weapons of the left: the mass rallies, the sit-ins, the protest marches. His only weapon is his personal choice, and he must use it as wisely as he can. For if enough people wisely and rationally chose an alternative, someone will get the message. I don’t know if the right and the left can ever work together. The basic starting positions are too far apart. The very views of what man is, are almost at opposite ends of the spectrum. I can only hope through dialog, we can come to some understanding, even if we never reach any agreement. PETER W. BLAKE grad French EngSoc for

sends

condolences

apathetic

arts

election

October 7, the arts society held another election in which two candidates were acclaimed and a third should have been. This is a decided improvement over the last effort when all four candidates were acclaimed. Perhaps there is hope for the other side of the campus. To the five interested enough to run and those four fortunate enough to win, I extend my heartfelt condolences. You are stuck with a student body of which less than 5 percent cared enough to vote. Of those, 29 percent voted for R. Archer for president without knowing who he was, what he stood for, or anything else about him. He ran no campaign, had no platform, and in fact, did not exist. R. Archer was a figment of the engineering society’s imagination. From all sides, we ignorant, apathetic, misinformed plumbers hear screams of “be aware-get involved. ’ ’ Artsmen, the challenge is yours. Make those students in your faculty aware. Get them involved so that this university and society in general may realize their full potential for greatness. GEORGE LEAKER civil eng 2B chairman, action committee engineering society A

Likes if only

the

activist

in the

control

sandbox

In all the yelling and screaming about the activists in control of our student council an important point has been missed. We have been getting the best weekends and social events that we could possibly expect on this campus, most of them run by student council activists. So I will take my pick of which of the activists’ activities I pick but I’m glad to see them in office. JOHN BRYDEN Arts II

October

78, 7968 (9:ZU)

297

A fi a!J

A story from Mexicc

IS a fl a is a tat A great student strike has been going on in Mexico City since July 26, involving, w7ell over 100,000 students of the huge! National University and twenty-nine affiliated schools. The army has invaded several campuses; many students have been killed. I visited Mexico in August and saw some of the action, especially on the evening of August 27, when 300,000 students and supporters put on a great march through Mexico City ending on the Zocalo, the central square that lies before the Presidential Palace and the cathedral. My wife and I were watching from the ‘sidewalk by our hotel when suddenly we became inadvertent participants of this march. Our elbows were seized by a group of exuberant students and w7ewere lifted off our feet into the line of march. We demurred, but the kids held us firm, and were so full of enthusiasm, so eager to have us, that we followed the line of least resistance and marched along. Soon we reached the Zocalo. where we all sat down on the cement to await the rest of the marchers. What were the marchers like, what was it all about? We saw that best from the sidelines before we got drawn in. Most marchers were students, aged 15 and up. boys and girls. They came from a whole complex of schools affiliated with the university, preparatory, normal and technical, many of which would be called high schools in the states. We saw no one with long hair of far-out dress. Besides the students, there were great numbers of teachers and professors. There were parents, both mothers and fathers, workers, small businessmen and proprietors (looking the part). farm laborers, and a general mass of adults, including one elderly blind mah. Banners identified each group of supporters. Medical students and nurses were prominent in white. All cars. buses and ambulances in the march were school property. Ignorance,

Hunger

and Misery

Placards told a story. One said the real agitators were “Ignorancia. Hambre (hunger) and Miseria.” Another placard contrasted the lot of a political prisoner with the high life of a government official. Many small placards called for freedom for such prisoners. Another sign accused the government of assassinating a number of students who have disappeared. A great many placards depicted Juarez and other patriotic heroes of Mexico’s past. These expressed the theme of the demonstration, which was that the student movement was carrying on the “historic forward march” of the Mexican people. while the government was thwarting that march. Displayed prominently. too. were the six demands of the march: Removal of Police Chief Cueto Ramirez and two asof the Corps of sistants ; dissolution Grenadiers (riot police) ; repeal of article 145 of the constitution, which gives the government extraordinary powers to deal with subversion ; indemnification of the families of slain students ; investigation of

298 The CHEVRON

those responsible, and freedom for all political prisoners. When the Zocalo was filled, the march became a meeting. Speakers began addressing it from atop a school bus, the national flag beside them. The first speaker brought cry on cry of Viva Mexico! from the kids around us. The next read a list of political prisoners, eighty-six names in all, and after each name the crowd would shout Libertad! Then a bugle sounded taps, and everyone stood in respect for the student dead. My wife had difficulty rising; many helping hands reached for her. The next speaker, an impassioned woman teacher, said her generation had had a poor education, wanted the young to have a better one. The next talked of the government’s repressive policy, said that if a farm laborer asked for better wages or tried to join an effective union. his employer spoke to the police anp the man was jailed. The meeting ended at 9:40 p.m. with the singing of the national hymn. Then the crowd made torches out of newspapers and held them aloft; it was a memorable sight, with the ancient cathedral and Presidential Palace in the dark background. Some 3,500 students staved on after the meeting to make a “permanent” demonstration. but three hours later, at- 1 a.m., they were driven off by army tanks. From my hotel I heard them shouting in the night, and wondered why. Next morning my wife and I walked down to the square. No students were there. butta cordon of police and secret service men formed a large circle around a flagpole in the center. They were there‘. one told me confidentially, to prevent the students from taking down a flag-a strike flag put up the night before-because they wanted to show the public “what the students were like.” The small, red and black flag hung limp on the pole. We retreated to the cathedral steps to await what would happen next. Soon hundreds of Grenadiers filed onto the square. Next, government trucks drove up and discharged hundreds of farm workers taken from their jobs, who joined the cordon around the flagpole. Great numbers of office workers came out of the Presidential Palace and other government buildings and joined the group around the pole. The tanks are coming Then I noticed a file of thirteen army tanks coming down Moneda, a side street. A well-dressed, middle-aged man said to me: “You are about to see a small part of Mexico’s history take place.” (Ironically, American tourists filed in and out of the ancient cat.hedral, reading their guidebooks on its historv, seeminglv unaware of or uninterested in current history. ) At 1 p.m. a municipal bus drove up to the flagpole. On its top were cameramen who took’pictures as the strike flag was hauled down and burned on top of the bus. Then, to cheering by the government supporters , the national flag was raised on the pole , look ing silken and resp lendent

G M. Bergman n

by-comparison with the homemade strike pennant. The cathedral bells tolled, rung by two government supporters plainly visible in the bell tower. No spectators cheered. Suddenly, a few students dashed up and snatched their charred emblem from the top of the bus, wrapped it in newspapers and walked off. Then from another direction I heard the chant of the students, the Huellum! Huellum! (pronounced wayloom, holding the oom) of the university yell, as 500 of them came marching around the square, right into the midst of police, government workers and supporters, and poised tanks. Along they came, chanting slogans and that college yell, in a very orderly manner. The spectators cheered them, out of support either for their principles or for their courage. They marched to the front of the Presidential Palace, still shouting. Then a loud-speaker ordered everyone to disperse. Spectators ran for refuge to the cathedral, but it barred its door in their faces, though many were women, some elderly. Next, the light tanks (wheel and tire vehicles) dashed from the side street directly into the students, running at them like hounds after prey. Soldiers with fixed bayonets followed. The students fled down Madero, from which rapid gunfire broke out. My wife and 1, ducked into a cafe. The proprietor closed the steel shutters, blocking out the street. All was quiet, except the high wail of ambulances. We heard later that two bystanders had been killed by gunfire, and a little girl run down by a tank.. The army said the gunfire was prompted by sniper attacks from an office building balcony. Two office buildings on Madero are pock-marked with about twenty-five bullet holes, up high, some through win dows. Emerging from the cafe, we found the whole area cordoned off by the army and riot police. We returned to the hotel to read the daily papers, of which there are many. The front page of every paper blew up large the flagpole incident, played down or completely ignored the great march and meeting of the night before. Photos showed the flag crowd as large, talked of “popular vindication” of the national flag and of the “delirio” and “emotion” roused by its raising. Flagging a dead horse For the next few days the papers were full of the flag incident. News articles and editorials talked of the student “profanation” of and “insult” to the flag. President Diaz Ordas was quoted as saying that Mexico could have only one flag. A halfpage and proclaimed the formation of a coalition of organizations to vindicate the flag, and one paper dedicated the whole month of September to the flag. However, two carpenters in a restaurant commented to me that the flag raising was “forzado” (forced), done by order of the government. That was how it appeared to me. I found the article which questioned the flag incident in the moderate paper Excelsior. Columnist Gomez Arias said the flag furor was based on a false premise. The students hadn’t insulted the national flag, for no flag normally flies on that pole in the Zocalo. The students had merely hoisted their strike flag on an empty pole. The student banner, said Arias, “flew the idea not of treason on high with but of a strike. It was not a dirty rag, nor a cloth without history. It was not the flag of a foreign power, not the insignia of communism. Rather, it symbolized the

longing for justice, the cry for vindication fbom the exploited, the poor. And when they nail up .this flag in factories and s~hops, no one, with reason, may call them traitors. ” It would be a sad day, said Arias, if the young had desecrated the emblem of “Mexico’s sorrowful history and expression of hope for the future,” but such was not the case. Columnist Arias drew attention to the student march and meeting, which he said was not forced but voluntary, and was a “memorable spectacle the significance of which it would be impossible to conceal. ’ ’ Who, he said, seeing that “torrent of humanity of such magnitude” could doubt the “interest of the Mexican people in political and social problems”? I would agree with Gomex Arias. Two weeks earlier, my wife and I had observed another huge demonstration on the Zocalo. We saw 100,000 students face the Presidential Palace and call for Diaz Ordaz to come out and answer their petition; they received no response. They thereupon burned an effigy of Police Chief Cueto Ramirez, in the form of a gorilla, in the very doorway of the palace. As best I could learn, the precipitating event of the strike was the army’s invasion of a university-affiliated school to quell a fracas over girls on July 26. Several students were killed. Students in the whole university system struck to protest the deaths and the violation of university autonomy, which is written into the Mexican constitution. The struggle has since escalated into one with wide political implications. The government has not at any time responded favorably to student demands. It claims a “Red conspiracy” and uses armed force to the point where the Defense Minister, General Garcia Barragan, denied to the press in late August that the administration contemplated a military or civil dictatorship. The students, in a printed brochure, Porque?, scoff at the Red conspiracy charge, saying it is merely a “pretexto” to justify armed repression. Epilog Students claim that. some thirty to forty of their number have been killed, and show in addition a list of thirty-seven students who have disappeared. No casualty figures are available. In mid-August the Student Strike Council asked for a “dialogue” with the government, but arrangements broke down when the government wanted the talks private, while the students wanted them on television. With the situation becoming worse, the strike council called for wisdom and moderation, and repeated its call for dialogue, saying this time that it need not be on TV. It asked students not to taunt riot police, and shifted from a policy of immediate confrontation to one of carefully organizing itself and its supporters “district by district, block by block,” throughout the city. To me, and to many tourists, the overriding problem in Mexico is poverty, and I am certain that it is what motivates the strike. I was not surprised when a newspaper reported that “thousands of slum dwellers” supported a student dem‘onstration, and the strike council claimed many adherents among the poor. For the first time in years the ruling PRI party (Institutional Party of the Revolution) is being seriously challenged on issues that may break its virtual monopoly in Mexico. There might come another revolution in Mexico. Many students, I heard, were reading Che G’uevara. G. M. Bergman businessman. Friday,

October

is an American

78, 7968 (9.20)

west coast

299

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SilJDENTS STUDENTS

After Queen’s stunning 35-0 upset of the Varsity Blues, a lot of people, including a few in Toronto, thought that it was going to be a - coffee & donuts inside - bit tough keeping the Golden Gaels out of the Western College Bowl in Edmonton come NovemMens lntramurals ber 17. After all, the only team FLAG FOOTBALL-Mon. Oct. 21, 4:30that had a chance was Varsity j:20, Arts vs Math ( 1)) East vs Phys Ed 12); 5:30-6:20, Sci vs Eng A, (l), West vs and they would have to win by south (2). Tues. Oct. 22,4:3O-5:2O,Renison 36 points to do it. C3 St. Paul’s 12),; 5:30-6:20, St. Jerome’s Today, two teams in the Senior JSCO-op(2). Intercollegiate Football League Oct. 20, l:OO-1:50, SOCCER-Sun. Renison, 2:00St.. Jerome’s vs are tied with Queen’s and they 2:50,Con Gre vs St. Paul’s; 3:00- do not include the Blues. East; 4:00-4:50, 3:50, West ’ vs The McGill Redmen turned the North vs Phys Ed. Mon. Oct. 21, Renison vs Con Gre; 4:30-5:20, SIFL into the tightest race in Co-op vs St. Jerome’s. 5:30-6:20, the country last Saturday as they Thurs. Oct. 24, 4:30-5:20, Arts vs stopped the Gaels 28-21. McGill’s Math vs Eng Science; 5:30-6:20, win moved them into a tie for the B. 4:30Oct. 22. LACROSSE-Tues. lead along with Western, who Arts vs Sci (NJ, East Vs 5:20, turned back McMaster 30-14. Math vs North (73); 5:30-6:20, In even more wondrous hapEng B (n), South vs West (S). Renison Wed. Oct. 23, 4:30-5:20, penings, our own Warriors were vs Con Gre (N), Eng A vs Eng picking up their first point in the co-op vs St. 5:30-6:20, B ts,; standings by holding the vaunted, Jerome’s ( N 1, Arts vs Math (S) . but injury-plagued, Blues to a 19JUDD AND KARATE-Free to the University. student of any 19 tie. Judo, Mon. and Wed. lO:OO-11:30 The SIFL, long the private doTues. and Thurs. Karate, pm; main of the traditional schools At 46 Ontario St. 10:00-11:30 pm; S., Kitchener. Club Director, John Hatin the east, has seldom seen anyashita - phone 744-3662or 576-6952 for thing quite like it. Teams don’t

. I

further information.

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SPORTS G ACCESSORIES SPORTS RALLY

495 Frederick St. Kitchener, Ont. Phone 745-1921

Wonien’s council holds luncheon

& RACING

EQUIPMENT

A luncheon for off-campus female students will be held next Tuesday in the Pub Room in the Campus Center. The get-together, sponsored by the Women’s Intramural Athletic Council, will provide an opportun-

Varsity

curling

EATING

APPLES 6 QT. BASKET

576-4630 1

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A sport making great gains in popularity lately is that of orienteering. It is very much like a rally on foot. Competitors must race cross country following an unknown route. They *are supplied with a map and a compass and must stop at prescribed check-points in order to have their route verified. In competition, a team is made up of four runners. The times of the top three on each squad are added together to determine the team’s time, with the lowest total winning. Recently, orienteering was put on the men’s intramural program at the recreational level. The first meet will be held Sunday afternoon starting at 1 pm. Competitors will meet at the Breithaupt Center on Margaret St.

Soccer, rugger

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determined sometime in December, advancing to the final against a second team to be determined after Christmas. The overall winner will represent the school in intercollegiate play in February .

Of ienteef ing. meet, meeting

BRITISH CAR SERVICE

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ity for girls not living in residence to meet members of the council and discuss plans in women’s intramurals for the coming year. The luncheon will run from 11:3O to 2 pm. Girls are asked to bring their own lunch; drinks will be supplied.

starts tomorrow

Playdowns to determine Waterloo’s men’s varsity curlingteam commence tomorrow at 7:45 am at the Kitchener Granite Club. Approximately 16 rinks are entered in the double-knockout competition with the winner, to be

SLICED,

usually nail down a championship 35-O one week and then lose the next. And upstart expansion squads from somewhere near Elmira aren’t supposed to hold Hogtowners to a saw-off. The deadlock in the Eastern division of the Central Canada Intercollegiate Football Conference was broken last week as Bishops lost its first game 29-7 to undefeated Loyola. The Warriors should have clear sailing into the CCIFC play-off November 9. Guelp h Gryphons extended their unbeaten string to three games to stay on top of the Western division. They turned back Laurentian 38-3 to push the Voyageurs down to fourth. Waterloo Lutheran stayed a game out of first with 32-26 win over winless but tenacious Windsor. Carleton stayed abreast of the Hawks with an impressiv.e 28-O win over cross-town rivals Uni: versity of Ottawa Gee Gees. Before last Saturday’s action there were three undefeated teams in the Bluenose conference. That number dropped to two as Acadia

$10.00

Last Monday a local squad-of orienteers made up largely of Waterloo students won the Ontario Orienteering Championships held at Kingston. The team, called the Wanderers, had an aggregate time of 4 : 10 to beat a Toronto squad by over an hour. In addition, two members of the team came first and second in the individual competition. Bob Kaill, who won the S-mile event earlier in the week-end at RMC, covered the 6?&mile course in 1:17.0. Keep in mind that the course is through rugged terrain and that the distance is as the crow flies. Waterloo’s Glen Morrall came in second. An organization, meet for those interested in this new sport will be held on Monday at 6:30 pm in the student lounge of the athletic building. A film will be shown.

lose again

Both the soccer and the rugger Warriors failed to pick up their first win of the season over ‘the week-end in games against University of Toronto squads. The soccer eleven, after dropping a close 4-3 decision to Western the previous week, were wiped 6-O by the defending champion Blues. The rugger boys, meanwhile,

faired no better in their match. If it’s any consolation, they did improve on their 33-O shellacking at the hands of the Mustangs. They lost 32-O to the Blues. Both squads face home tomorrow Soccer goes at noon; rugger is at the same time.

opposition at from Guelph. Seagram’s at Bauer field at

fell to previously winless New Brunswick 40-9. St. Mary’s stayed in first by bombing winless Mount Allison 49-O. St. Dunstan’s had the week off and remained at 2-o.

In the west the No. l-ranked Golden Bears of Alberta continued to roll to their date in Edmonton’s Clarke Stadium on November 17 against the SIFL winner. They won their third straight against no defeats with a 32-8 win over Saskatoon. The University of Manitoba Bisons stayed a game back by whipping Calgary 29-l. Standings games : SIFL Queen’s Western McGill Toronto >McMaster Waterloo CCIFC-West Guelph Waterloo Carleton Laurentian Ottawa Windsor

after GP

Saturday’s

W 3 3 3 3 3 3

1 1 0

GP Lu th

CCIFC-EAST Loyola Bishop’s RMC Macdonald Montreal Sir Gge Wms. BLUENOSE CONF. St. Mary’s St. Dunstan’s Acadia St. Francis X. UNB Dalhousie Mt. Allison WCIAA Alberta Manitoba Calgary Saskatoon

T 1 1 1 1 2

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McGi//‘, U WO win in OQAA McGill Redmen and Western Mustangs came from behind last Saturday to win out over Queen’s and McMaster in football action. The Redmen, trailing 21-17 in the last quarter, scored a major and two safety touches to win 28-21 over the Gaels in Kingston and spoil Homecoming. The Mustangs came on very strong’in the late going to trounce the Marauders 30-14. They scored 15 points in the final seven minutes to notch the win. An intercepted pass at the Western 44-yard line set the stage for Bruce~ McRae to cover 66 yards in two plays to open up the Western lead. Other majors came from George Hill, Marty Wenger and Jeff Hilton. Mat got touchdowns on QB Peter Quinlan’s 54-yard romp early in the final frame. Terry Otto picked up a fumble and rambled 98 yards for Mat’s other major. Quarterback George Wahl scored two six-pointers for McGill and threw a pass for a third. George Springate converted all three and added a 20-yard field 1 goal.

McLehn

scores

muiors

three

ties Varsity

Great team effort by Paul Cotton

and four passes. He is averaging 7.9 yards a carry as one of the top rushers in the OQAA. McLellan accounted for 9 of the 20 firstdowns that the Warriors compiled. The Waterloo squad struck early as the power pitch right to McLellan set up Paul Knill’s 48 yard single. The Blues were forced to punt after two incomplete passes and power pitch right struck again. McLellan showed

Chevron staff

The University of Toronto met their match when they tried to stop Warrior’s rookie Gord McLellan and the series 50 power pitch right. McLellan led the Waterloo offense to a great effort as they tied the Blues 19-19. McLellan had a total yardage of 185 yards from his 18 carries

his 9.9 speed and broken field running as he scored his first of three touchdowns. The snap for the convert was high and Knill tried to pass but the ball was batted down. The Blues came back immediately as they went 64 yards in six plays for a major. Walt Sehr topped the drive with a good 13 yard run. The Blues convert was wide to leave the Warriors in the

-Pete Wilkinson,

the Chevron

GordMcLellan (20) dives into the end-zone with the second of his three touchdowns. ing the way are Brent Gilbert (60), Tom Edward (48) and George Nogradi (69).

Clear-

East, Math, Renison p owers

intramurals by Norm

St Paul’s co-op

Sergeant

Chevron staff

After 18 regularly scheduled flag football games arts, Renison and East lead their respective leagues with perfect records. GPW L Pts Faculty Arts 3 3 0 6 Math 2 2 0 4 Eng B 3 1 2 2 Eng A 2 0 2 0 Science 2 0 2 0 Residence Renison 3 3 0 6 St. Jer 2 1 1 2 St. Paul’s 2 1 1 2 Con. Greb. 3 1 2 2 co-op 2 0 2 0 Village East 3 3 0 6 Phys-ed 2 2 0 4 North 3 1 2 2 South 2 0 2 0 West . 2020 In soccer, following 18 games, engineering B and math are tied for the lead in the faculty league with six points. East leads in the Village loop while Renison holds down top spot in the residences. Both are undefeated. MEN’S INTRAMURALS Faculty GP T L Pts Eng B 3 3 0 0 6 Mathematics 3 3 0 0 6 Eng A 4 1 0 3 2 Science 3 0 0 3 0 Arts 3 0 0 3 0 Residence Renison Conrad Greb St Jer’s

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0 0 0

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Village East 3 3 0 0 6 South 3 2 0 1 4 West 2 1 0 1 2 2 0 0 2 0 North Phys-ed 2 0 0 2 0 Finally, in lacrosse, North and East are tied for the lead in the Village with 4 points each. St. Paul’s is leading the Residences with 6 points, while the faculties are being led by Engineering A. Faculty Eng A Mathematics Eng B Science Arts St. Paul’s Renison co-op St Jerome’s Conrad Greb

Pts

3 2 2 3 2

2 1 1 0 0

1 1 1 3 2

4 2 2 0 0

3 3 2 1 2

3 1 1 1 0

0 2 1 1 2

6 2 2 2 0

Village North 2 2 0 4 3 2 14 East South 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 West Phys-ed 3 0 3 0 At a meeting of the men’s intramural athletic council held a couple of weeks ago it was decided to postpone the start of intramural basketball and volleyball until the new floor is laid in the athletic building. This will move these activities back into November. Despite the balmy weather outside, the end of the baseball seas-

on signals wars. .-.-.-.-~-.-~.~~~~~.C. . ............... ..............

the start of the hockey _____-

sneak and a successful convert. The game ended as both teams had one last effort to score but both defenses refused to give up even a single point. George Nogradi returned to the Warrior lineup for the first time last Saturday and played well at his offensive tackle position. Brent Rotondo played another good solid game as did Rick Wiedenhoef t . Delahey commented after the game, “We have a real team spirit and sense of pride now and I’m sure as are the players that we can beat Queen’s. The OQAA is now a league up for grabs and a 4-2-l record just might give us the title. The fans that did attend the game certainly did not have a dull moment as they were entertained not only by the teams but also by a few added features. The Varsity band and marching unit put on an excellent display before the game and at half time. A cry for “Cymbal Solo, Cymbal Solo” went up at half time and the fans were appeased with a special clang by the Varsity percussion player. The close game brought the fans into constant rivalry and even the cheerleaders got into the odd mixup. The Warrior cheerleaders appeared with a little help as they added six boys to their entourage. The boys did a good job and looked quite good up against the experienced group from Toronto. The only letdown in the new cheerleader image was the new uniforms for the girls. True they are in the Warrior spirit but somehow they did not look right at a football game. The Waterloo Warrior made his third appearance and led the Waterloo crowd with successive yells of “CHARGE! “. The Warriors hit the road tomorrow as they journey to Kingston. Next week they will be at Mat. There is one home game left-that is Homecoming November 2 against Western.

lead 7-6. The Warrior defense stalemated the Toronto offense for the rest of the first half except for three plays. With less than three minutes left the Blues marched 93 yards to take the lead for the first time. Using two passes for 50 yards and then a draw play that caught the Warriors secondaries completely offguard, the Blues went into the dressing‘ room at the half with a 12-7 margin. The Blues again failed in their attempt for the extra point and what would have been the winning point. The Warriors showed that their first half effort was not to be in vain as they took the opening kickoff for another major. McLellan went over right up the middle for the six points and the convert was missed when a Varsity player blocked the attempt. The defense continued its fine effort as they forced Toronto to give up the ball repeatedly in the second half. The Warrior defense also gave the offense good field position on more than one occasion. Getting the ball on the Varsity 42, Dave Groves led the Warriors in to score again. Going for the TD with a third and eight on the Toronto 10 yard line Groves hit McLellan who made a great catch under double coverage. Again the Warriors were frustrated in their attempt for the extra point. The big plays in the game came when the Warriors were stopped twice in their bid for firstdowns deep in the Varsity end of the field. When asked about the plays coach Wally Delahey responded, “We were going all the way for the win and there was still lots of time left in the game. It was not as if the game were already. all tied up and only a minute left.” Toronto came back in the middle of the fourth quarter to tie the game at the- final score of 19-19. They marched 90 yards and capped the drive with a quarterback

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playing the field What a whale of a week-end! Perfect Thanksgiving fare weather-wise and if you are a sports fan of no matter what stripe there was plenty of action to keep the second-guessers busy. Even as the realization of what the Detroit Tigers had done was still sinking in, out popped the stick and skate boys, ready to do their thing all the way into next May. You could almost hear them panting in the wings as that last pop foul settled in Bill Freehan’s turned-up mitt. And while the baseball season bowed out until next April (unless M. Jean Drapeau decrees that temperatures in February will go into the 60’s so the Expos can come north for spring training) and hockey was getting its first shake-down, football went right at it. On the prairies the scrift was familiar as first place hung in the balance on Monday afternoon. This time it was Saskatchewan and Calgary in the holiday match-up as the Roughies played follow the leader for 58 minutes of football before saying “Excuse me” and taking the game and possibly the title in a dandy. Toronto and Ottawa kept pace ‘in the east and made it a bit tougher for the tabbies from Steeltown. One thing is becoming clear this fall and that is that ‘upset’ is an increasingly difficult judgment, it would seem, to pass on a football match. Consider how Queen’s notches a 35-O shellacking over the exalted Blues of Toronto and then gets unceremoniously dumped by perennial weak-sister McGill. Then those same Blues come up to Waterloo for the afternoon and those upstart Warriors have the impertinence to give them a great game and go home with a monumental tie. You get the impression it’s anybody’s ball game in this man’s league. Mar-

with

Paul Solomonian

Chevron sports editor

velous ! To expound further on this theme of general equality in the game, look at results south of the border. The Packers lost, again; this time to the Rams. The Oakland Raiders were taken by Sah Piego. And here come Atlanta and New Orleans beating New York and Minnesota. It gives one to pause. O.J. Simpson and his playmates could only beat Stanford by three; Leroy Keyes and company couldn’t beat Ohio State at all. Purdue was shut out 13-O. And, of course, that 20-ring extravaganza known as the Olympic Games was going full tilt and howmuch-faster-can-they-run-loo-meters? at Mexico City. A former Waterloo student made the finals of d the 5000-meters (equivalent to a out three miles) this week in Mexico. His name was Bob Finlay and we mention him now because, besides acknowledging his efforts this week, we recall his performances in a Warrior track uniform in past OQAA meets when he. was one of few bright lights in track and field at this school. Things have come a long way since Bob Finlay started running around Ontario collegiate tracks and tomorrow, when Neil Widmeyer trots his current crop of athletes out at Windsor for the track and field championships his squad will stand a better than average chance of winning it all. Recent meets have shown the Warriors. to be strong in all jumping events and the middle distances. Widmeyer feels he has an excellent entry in the javelin where he has nationally-ranked Glen Arbeau. And the relay teams have shown well this fall. It augers well for our first team championship of the year. Friday,

October

18, 1968 (9r20)

38 1

Ont. teachefs

f e ,d

“increasingly permissive society” TORONTO (CUP)-An Ontario from “a teachers federation has jumped .I are meeting resistance persons from into the troubled education sce.ne few irresponsible within education and from outand plaCed themselves squarely side pressure groups. ” in favor of the’% loco :parents” .,_*principle of-&ho@ing. I,’ _ f J I ‘: .t.I ‘is.^.i.> The pleacontinues: . ” ’ ,-::.-. :’ , The Ontario ’ Se@ndary c:&ho01 .’ “As .a group charged with the responsibility of educating the 1 Teachers’ ‘$‘ederation Wednesday we solicit + bought advertising sp$e in \rnajor:* : youth ’ of: Ontario, support- of _ . Ontario ne&pa~pe&~to display La-. ‘the, cooperatjon-.G-and in . our’,: attempt to .g- :--. ‘ !letter of .,concern: r&arding the i. 311’ -citizens . ‘* educate; responsible I Gtizens. for j.. secondary schools :of-~ Ontario. “. . +f_. . ,. . . . a..d&mqcratic society:” J ’ i:’ a.1’ d -_ . : P, the- secon-’ 1. , The ad re&?We, The Toronto Telegram ran an. dary schools tea&e.& ‘and princil impromptu , lwvey ’ in Metro. pals Of Ontarioi. wish to ‘express -Toronto” and found people ,were. ’ our confidence“ in:: I the young hesitant about. granting the schools. I 1people in our secondary authority the principals sought. We regret that their educational . experience has been interrupted A. The ‘Toronto school board * ’ in recent weeks by the irresponchairman; -Ying ! Hope., suggested . I sible conduct of ‘a feiv students, the ad may have been ,a “powertrustees, parents and organized _. play” by the executives of the pressure groups.” r Teachers’ Federation. He auestioned its display only after recent then says the current unrest L .1s It “symptomatic disturbances rath,er than during of the revolt . them and said the ad was probably against all forms of authority the view of the federation execuwithin. our society,~ a revolt tive rather than its membership. aggravated by sensational reOne school. principal said he was porting’ ’ by the- mass!. media. not consulted in the placing -Principals, it says, are /charged with treating their . students as of the ad: and had experienced no trouble with the people, . “a kind, fir,m and judicious singled out by the ad, while a parent would.” ~ ,’ I L school trustee said principals had The attempts of principals to no business being concerned with carry out this responsibility in an the appearance of their pupils.

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Students have found the Yellow .’ Pages \one of the most useful reference books around. They know it’s the one sure place to find everything they need quickly and. easily. On campus, off campus - make it a habit to look first in the Yellow Pages. Wear out your fingers instead of yourself. You’ll luv’ it.

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October “ien:

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ADMINISTRATION .A Development For Graduates-

Programme

Financial Management Management & Systems Analysis Organization & Methods Personnel Administration Trade Agreements General Administration For exam exemptions or more details get our booklet from your Career Planning and Placement Off ice.

FOREIGN SERVICI

tomorrow

h&men by Jerry

win

Krist

Chevron staff

STRAIGHT BY Jerry Krist The track Warriors closed out their exhibition season with a run‘away victory at the RMC invitational meet. The eight-team meet, held last Saturday at Kingston, proved to be Waterloo’s most successful of the year. The Warriors won overall with a point total of 104 to runner-up McMaster’s 55. Queen’s followed with 28 and Toronto came fourth with 17.

tennis

Waterloo has its first OntarioQuebec Athletic Association title of the season. In fact, we have two and the trackmen haven’t even left for Windsor yet. The name of the game was tennis and the man of the hour last Friday and Saturday at the OQAA championships at McMaster was Nur Gurak, exTurkish Davis Cup player and the best thing to happen around here since Gord McLelland. Gurak easily handled Carleton’s Terry Leach, representing the east, 6-2, 6-2, 6-2. Then he teamed up with John Pezzack to win the doubles crown 9-7, 6-2 over a Dair from the University of Montieal. Carleton saved face for the eastern squad by shipping the University of Toronto 5-l in the team event. The Ravens won all four singles and one of the two doubles matches. Leach represented no small challenge in the singles final, having played on the Canadian national team in last year’s Y

FAIRVIEW PARK Kitchener

third straight

Several athletes turned in outstanding performances. Kip Sumner ran a hard 880 to defeat teammate Jim Stothard, the Canadian junior mile champ in 1:59. Fourth place finisher Ray Tucker from Mat had previouily dominated the half for five years. His best time was 1:49, which puts him in I a class with Bill Crothers. A third Warrior, Bruce Walker, finished a scant yard behind Tucker. Later, Sumner ran away easily

Gurak, Pezzack wear

crowns

Pan-Am games. Gurack became a bit edgy warming up for the final and took a couple of games in the first set to settle down. By the third game in that opening set, however, he was in high, gear and in complete control.

He displayed better strokes than his opponent and forced Leach to make mistakes from having to hit the ball so often from difficult angles. Gurak and Pezzack won the doubles in a wild ,match. The first set featured five service breaks before Waterloo ran it out to 9-7. The second set was much easier. Pezzack, who is only 19 and was nationally ranked in the under-16 category. complemented Gurak’s fine net,play and retrieving shots with a strong forehand and powerful service. Coach Bob Norman hopes to keep his 23-year-old star sharp by prepping him for the national play-downs next year and a berth on the national team.

with the mile in 4:27 with Walker finishing third. Lorne Johnson broke the oldest existing Warrior record as he put the shot 44’ 11%“. Johnson’s effort nailed down third spot in one of the team’s weaker events. The shot put record was set by Mike Milligan in 1964 with a heave of 44’ 2%“. Harvey Kolman also set a school record with a discus toss of 132’ 3%” but lost the event by half an inch to \ an athlete from Trent. , Bill Lindley, who improves with every outing, broke the triple jump record set last week by Dennis McGann. Lindlev won the event with a leap of 45’ &z’ ‘. That is a half-inch over the week-old standard. McGann came second and George Pachovsky‘complet;ed the sweep for Waterloo. In another jumping event, Mike Logan won the pole vault with an 11’ 6” effort. McGann led three Warriors into the top four in the long jump with 21’ 10+2”, good for second place. The Warriors scored a l-2-3 sweep in two other events. Glen Arbeau, Terry Wilson and Larry Dixon again easily outclassed the field in the javelin. Their performance was duplicated in the S-mile as Bob Kaill outsprinted Dave Northey to the wire with Pete Oliver coming across third. Kaill’s time was 15: 11.3. This meet was the team’s final tune-up before the OntarioQuebec Athletic Association championships at Windsor tomorrow. When coach Neil Widmeyer took over the squad in 1963 Waterloo finished in last place. Teams have steadily improved during Widmeyer‘s tenure so that this year the ,Warriors loom as the team to beat.

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ECONOMICS George Leland Bach. Thoroughly covers the subject of macro-economics through discussion of national income production and employment, money and banking, and the influence of fiscal policy upon the state of the economy. Chapters on markets, the role of the price system and allocation of resources, included. 784 pages, COLES PRICE 2.50 Pub. at 8.95 *.,.............I..........*.. PORTABLE GREEK READER Ed. by W.H. Auden. The fountain head of our Western culture approached through its greatest writers. lneludes writings of Sophocles, Euripides, Homer, Euclid, Hippocrates, Thucidides, Plato, Aristotle and many others. 726 pages, Pub. at 1.85 . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..**..I........... COLES PRICE 1.25 PORTABLE OSCAR WILDE Ed. by Richard Aldington. A collection of that remarkable humorist which includes the complete “Pictures of Dorian Gray”. “De Profundis”, “Salomi” and “The Importance of being Ernest” plus selections of his poems, essays: letters. and anecdotes. 688 pages. Pub. at 1.85. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . COLES PRICE 1.25 INTUITION AND SCIENCE Mario Bunge. Each field of knowledge has come to demand a different role of intuition. This book makes clear exactly what these roles are, and can be today - in the very different fields of philosophy, mathematics, and science. It enables the reader to put intuition in perspective - to understand its nature and uses, and, its limitations. Pub. at 1.95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..a.. COLES PRICE 1.00 THE NEED TO BE LOVED Theodor Reik. Discusses a problem often neglected by psychoanalysts and psychologists: the separation of the desire to love from the need to be loved. Dr. Reik considers the latter as a universal need of mankind, manifested in various forms. . Pub. at 4.95 ..m............................ COLES PRICE 2.49 A READER’S GUIDE TO JAMES JOYCE William York Tindall. The first detaile,d analysis of all Joyce’s works in prose, discussed separately yet with full consideration of their relationship to one another, and to the development of Joyce’s art as a whole. Pub. at 1.95.. . . . . . . . . .,,...e......,......, COLES PRICE .79 THE UNITED STATES AND JAPAN Edwin 0. Reischauer, Pub. at 1.85 ..,........................... COLES PRICE 1.25 PARTIAL DIFFERENTIATION Thurston. Pub.at6.75 .,,.. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .COLES PRICE 1.98 ELEMENTS OF ENGINEERIN,G STATICS H. Deresiewiczb Pub. at 3.50. . . . ..*....e.*.........*....... COLES PRICE ‘.99 ADAPTATION Foundations of Modern Biology. . COLES PRICE 1.00 STUDIES IN CLASSIC AMERICAN LITERATURE D.H. Lawrence. Pub.at1.45... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . COLESPRICE1.10

Varsity. shows good blocking on this play as Walt Sehr (22) goes for a long gainer, Sehr was the EeagueS leading rusher heading into the game. Left behind is Greg Plyley (21).

Still wjhless, Sometimes you win, sometimes you don’t win. After a powerful University of Toronto Blues squad took a 32-O win on Saturday, the Black and Gold took the field against the strong McMaster team that had held Western to a close decision last week. Waterloo dominated the game for the first half going ahead 5-O on a try by Dave Goodrow, which he converted himself. At this point the forwards, led by Peter Watson, were winning all the strums and line-outs and were showing a spirit that was not evident in previous games. Sloppy work by the backs in tackling their man led to two

but they

play

unconverted tries by the Mat team that gave them a half time 6-5 ldad. Waterloo held thd opposition for most of the second half and on several occasions it seemed they might go ahead. Skipper Ed Murphy put through several grub kicks behind the opposition threes that could have resulted in tries, but _poor backing-up or ,a bad bounce nullified the advantage. Wayne Wilcox was unable to give -the Warriors the hook as he had in the first half and this reduced the two teams to even terms. Eventuallv. a series of bad tackles by the local team enabled McMaster to score an Friday,

well

easy try between the posts which was converted for the final score of 11-5. In the second game the Warriors overpowered the McMaster seconds 28-O. Tries were scored bl Paul Grose (2). Brian Dagneult (2 1. Rick Osepchuk and a skipp: chap on the wing. Magnificent kicking by Dave Christilaw netted a further 10 points on conversions. I After this game and the second team’s great spirited effort in Toronto last Saturday. a few of the slackers on the first team will have to work hard to keep their place. Tomorrow sees the lrniversit! of Guelph play on Bauer Field. October

78, 7968 (9:ZO)

303

by Alan McRae

/ 11, /

Logically. a play performed by madmen could not be considered a conventional ,piece of theater. But, the production play-ing now at Trinity Square theater ’ in Toronto, ~a&/&de, is unconventional for more reasons than simple insanity. The locale, is that -of a church h,all, newly renovated and painted -_ _ a mouldy grey with new fixtures. -The stage- is- a jutting platform of the same color and the curtain is rope’ cargo netting. The title is The persecution and assassination of Jean-Paul ,Marat as performed by ~ the inmates of the asylum of Charenton under the direction of the Mar&is de Sade, which needs no further

de Sade, his talent was explored. by the music and by a series of badly designed projections which to the fullest. Unfortunately ‘this overshadowed Kenneth Wikes are operated by the inmates who leave the stage and becomes as, Jean-Paul Marat and ‘more important overshadowed Marat -actors again. Besides that the projections look like projections as a character. \ and not like a theatrical effect. Marat/Sade is not a play about Certainly an audience enthe Marquis. It is about the play grusts its collective’ mind to the he directs as therapy for the author and thus ’ to the. director. inmates of an asylum. And it is ‘It is then the director’s responabout Marat as one of the prinsibility to ensure this trust is ciples in the development of not shaken. For if the audience Marxist ‘philosophy. There are becomes once again a group very few times in this production of people watching a play, they when the philosophical aspects cannot be an integral part of the are shown, much less comprehendplay. If Mr. Marshallcould ed by the audience. decide upon the role he wishes the audience to play, the production As a result, the play is engrossing but confusing. The audience would be easier to view, understand and appreciate. is shaken out of its involvement

comment. Inspite of these obstructions to the accepted idea of theatrical presentation, the audience soon by Ted Lonsdale finds itself not watching a play Chevron staff i but participating in a piece of reality. It was sideshow time at the In this way, Trio Productions circus in the .engineering lecand director William Marshall ture hall on Sunday the sixth. have succeeded. In other ways Anyone who paid to -be admitted they have failed. Things some-to- Mixed perceptions (a feature how don’t seem to fit together of the arts festival) must cerduring the two-hour madman’s tainly have thought the fat lady holiday.4 For instance, the’ newlyat the CNE more worth the composed music was entirely money. out of place for anything but a No one likes to be conned. situation comedy. Costuming Consequently, no one likes to be .was in places period, and in talked at for fifteen minutes by other places nonperiod, the period an amateur hypnotist who sounds being the 1800’s. A more outmore like an out-of-work midway standing mistake was a lack of barker. Nor do they like to be proper direction and perhaps a insulted by being told fairy-tales ’ lack of proper understanding of beginning with once-upon-a-time. the play. ~ No one likes being told he Robert Christie is, of course, may not see his female accoman excellent actor. As the Marguis 1 panyment because she is a ‘Rene’

Intersystems

: PROBLEMS?

Plum Tree Too Gift boutique 18 Albert

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or the small parent

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4 Erb St.

at East.

a waesnow and he’s a ‘Gordie’. At least that’s what I was able to understand from my standpoint between two sirens and three (or was it four) flashing lights. , No one likes having his ears and. eyes assaulted to no end and then be told rather pompous*ly 1, 1.1. * . mat its art! - Oh, it was nice-if you’re perverted, or like varying mixtures of obscenity, color (without taste) and endless noise. But if you’re looking for some enlightenment or reason for a fee to watch insanity, forget it. fntersystems is a lovely way to , make monev. As a- matter of fact, the idea of Mixed media and total environment was somewhat missing. To an engineer, the old lecture hall was still the old lecture hall.

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304 The CHEVRON

-’

Concert

UKRAINIAN

CONCERT 11 featuring

“Prometheus” ttDibrovo” “Verkhoyntsy” At theatre

Choir Choir Folk-

Chevron staff Pas de deux

$1.00

AZAZAZAZAZA-ZAZAZAZAZA AUTO

was part of the ballet presented on October 9. The evening of potential culture came and went with little advancement.

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HOST: PETER FACLARIS Invites

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Studies

reflect

MEAL

Ballet is the quality of looking good and expressing what needs to be told without words. Pas de deux told the age-old story of a girl leading a boy on, only to reject him later. She regrets doing so, only too late, for he is gone. Veronica Tennant and Jacques Gorrison were excellent together. Their performance was tight and well balanced yet each was delicate in his own right. It was, in fact, poetry in motion and the music score aided by accenting the right tones and moods. Again the set design by Lawrence Schafer complimented rather than overshadowed the performance. The

CARD

costumes were green, more ornate than in white. They seemed to the life in the story.

Set in a bee-hive setting, Arena portrayed the life cycle of bees. Had the title been more explanatory, the performance would have been greater appreciated.

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The concert opened with Studies -in white. The simple backdrops and the plain white tunics fitted the musical arrangement by George Teleman quite well. However, excessive falling fouettes, out-of-step dancers, and a touch of confusion tainted what could have been a masterpiece.

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The act started with the king bee and chorus humming. The lights and music were in direct syncapation. The tension, volume, and speed all built up to a climax when the queen broke through the hive. The queen then takes over and the king dies. The striped costumes and music were well chosen to round out the already good performance.

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Celebration left too much to the imagination. The program suggested, “The first two movements seek to evoke dramatic textures of dreams. In contrast, the third movement expresses sheer joy”. This was evident in general, but in each specific movement, the story-line was very difficult to follow. The title again just didn’t fit right. The first movement-mourningwas almost a direct paradox in thought. Murray Kilgour’s dance centered between the figures of Life (Karen Bowes) and Death (Veronica Tennant). After he chose death, a movement of joy ended the festivities. Eh, the last performance, epitomized exactly a child’s thoughts of marriage. A doll-like bride. a beautiful seductress, a playful groom, and a sympathetic chorus spin together a yarn of life. The lady in red frequently came between the happy, if naive, bride and the groom. An angel-winged reverend came to perform the wedding ceremony. Pallbearers ended the occasion as they carried the newlyweds off. The final scene had them all spinning around holding orbs suggesting it is all part of the ancient circle game. The costumes. were magnificent. The bride in pure white, the groom in spotted black, the wench in red and black all made the allegory more complete. Itching make-up. bleeding toes, aching muscles and flowering perspiration were all forgotten when the theater resounded with applause. The detriments to the evening were the stage not suited to shows of this sort, a poor chorus and a false assumption that the audience was educated and knew what was happening. Too bad, because it tarnished what would have been an excellent performance in another situation.

11Find right bridge contract 11using Stayman convention by Wayne

Smith

Chevron staff ~ A LEONARDFREEMANPRODUCTION Co-slarrmg

*EDBEGLEV PATHINGLE as JudgeFenton

INGER STEVENS w COLORb,,Drhxe l

TAMPAX CANADIAN

TAMPONS TAMPAX BARRIE,

ARE MADE CORPORATION ONTARIO

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The space age adventuress whose sex-ploits are among the most bizare ever seen. JANE

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s 54

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ttBARBARELLA” ttRACHEL

RACHEL”

“THE ODD COUPLE”

P P P

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Opening lead diamond

E P P P J

The Stayman convention is an artificial bid of 2 clubs over 1 notrump to find a 4-4 fit in the majors if it exists. North’s bid of 2 clubs asks South to bid a fourcard major. South bids 2s to show he has four cards in the spade suit. North invites to game by bidding 3s and South bids 4s.

Stayman is used by responder if he has 5 or more points and a four-card major. If the opener does not have a four-card major he rebids 2D and responder can then decide on the final contract.

DEAN MARTIN JOHN WAYNE

ttTHE SONS OF KATIE ELDER” COLOR

The four spades contract will make (losing IS, 1H and 10 but 3NT will not make after a club lead (losing at least 4 clubs and 1 heart). Without using Stayman, the action would be lNT-2NT-3NT.

JACK LEMMON WALTER MATHAU

ALL

1NT 2s 4s

EAST

FONDA

DAVID HEMMINGS JOHN PHILLIP LAW MARCEL MARCEAU UGO TOGNAZZI

good

in poor situation

Adults $2.00 Students Presented by U.S.C.

Ballet

by Rod Hickman

SUN., OCT. 20TH 330

National

Bdet

of the Arts

Time:

in Kitchener

The duplicate bridge club meets every Tuesday at 7 pm sharp in SS lounge.

SHOW

Friday,

October

78, 7968 (9:20)

305

H~OMECOM~.N-GIS- CO-MING l . l e l e’

ARE YOU-? _ .

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g\ Wednesday October 30

8: 30\GORD LIGHTFOOT.- $2.50Anyone 8: 30 THE PARTY - TYME. & A HALF-:ind 1t The ,Blues Syndicate Food :Services 3 $1.00u of w I.D. card - $1.50without ..

‘: 8:30 BAVARIAN

CULTURE

NIGHT - With

Saturday; November 2 theRifkin -. ,,I. ‘I - eII) ( Food Services /’$1.00perI. person at 2: 00 FOOTBALL ’ vs WESTERN : .‘ l door e /_ 8:30,.FORMAL Food,Services v - Don Frise . a c ’e - Bluefield - Paradise Gardens 0 Thursday, October 31’ :’ . Greg Herring and Earl Ray a $5.00per couple :* 6 8:-30 Gord~lightfoot - $2.,00S~tudentsonly I : :lO*,OO a THE GREAT PUMPKIN WITH’THE 8:30 HOCKEY vs QUEENS STAMPEDERS ‘ ‘. 8 L .8:30 GORED LIGHTFOOT $2.50anyone I e ‘_ ~_’ . rG I Food Services$liOO per person at -. ,I l .d&r ) , -.. . ,. . ’ /T < . l - Sunday, -November 3 ’ : : Friday-~‘+J&emb~r 1 , I l .s2,:,.00, ‘Movies till 2:OOA.M. a 1. : 2: 15’ JOHN CONWAY ‘F’R6M. SIMON FRA“l . l4 SER UNIVERSITY - Speaking‘e ,._ 8:30 BUTTERFIELD BLUES BAND IN 8 e Campus Centre: ’ .-,c -. _CONCERT- - Seagrams - $2.50. . l 8 a . -

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NO WAITING

Recital

Sonata

Gifford Toole, piano William Chambers, violin THEATRE

OF THE ARTS

Hen&ix

$1.00

Meets every Monday

STUDENTS

5Oc

6:30 - 12100 at the

CAMPUS CENTER (Upstairs

in Room

BEGINNERS Club championship

MONDAY,

211)

ARE WELCOME tournament begins

OCTOBER 21ST

you

ever

been

Nihilist

#or stereo

is another of the group’s lyrical, melodic songs. It lacks most of the usual Hendrix harshness. Voodoo chi/e, one of the longer songs in the set, is a slow bluesy dirge with ample guitar work. The selection written by Noel Redding, Little Miss Stranger is too reminiscent of Little Miss Lover to be a good song. Come on has one of the most engaging beats of the album. Despite a Bill Haley-style prelude, a pleasant, fast-moving arrangement makes the song quite listenable. A new aspect to Hendrix’ recording’ appears in Rainy day, dream away. Studio musicians are used on organ, horn and congas

to electric

Spasm

London, England has the Cream, the Rolling Stones, and many other groups, considered the top of their field. London, Ontario has the Nihilist Spasm Band. This group is probably one of the best of the unknowns in Canada. Since the average length of their compositions is eight minutes, they have unfortunately received no publicity on commercial radio. Now that they have an album on the market, they should quickly rise to the level of popularity held by American underground groups. A facet of many of the songs by the eight-member group is an almost kazoo-like sound, obtained by a fuzz-tone brass section. Due to the complexity of the instrumentals of the group, most of their instruments have been self-designed or modified. The first song, Destroy the nations, features the fine vocalwork of William Exley . Exley , who is also a highschool English

meant

lady/and

Anyone not owning a stereo record-player shouldn’t consider listening to this album until he does. The shifting, sweeping, screams of Hendrix’ guitar are possibly the best examples of stereo ever pressed. By the end of the two-record set, the head is exhausted from following the reverberating shifts of the songs. With the addition of stereo headphones the effect is indescribable. The album starts much the same as the group’s second album, “Axis” did, with a nonmusical stereo demonstration. Entitled . ..And the gods made /eve, it sets the pace for the rest of the album. Have

ADMISSION

album

should

Clapton-like

guitar

Noontime

solo

Chevron staff

Most people have a lot to do at lunchtime. Eating is a nice pastime-or drinking (coffee if you’re so inclined). If, however, you have nothing to do, if you have something to do but feel you could procrastinate, go to

Rent this powerful 1967 Electrohome Deluxe 19” portable television for

EN ‘yq,

-WV

295

Lancaster

Lancaster Plaza West-744-3528 J

THE CARD

TABLE WITH

THE RICKETY

excellent

the arts theater and be entertained by the third of the series of noontime dramas presented by the university drama company. This piece of advice comes not from a press release nor from a small bird spreading vicious rumors, but rather from example. Arts festival audiences saw two noon dramas of excellent quality and were very much entertained by The sandbox and The

A 1967 Electrohome

I~~[~~~ /

The Byron bog leaves no doubt to the musicianship of the guitar section of the band. The bass backup rivals that of Bill Wyman or Jack Bruce. Another unusual feature of several songs is the electric violin played by Art Pratten. This could be the group that finally makes people notice Canadian talent. With the proper exposure, the Nihilist Spasm Band should go far. Stereo quality-fair Vocals-excellent Instrumentals-superb

chmu

by Ted Lonsdale

jazz combo. An song in three-

Al1 along the watchtower, the group’s present top-forty offering was written by Bob -Dylan. A very unusual effect is obtained when rapid alternation of stereo channels is used for a vibrato effect instead of the usual highspeed variation in volume. The stereo quality of this set of records makes them worth buying, just to clean out the record-player’s channels. For those who appreciate the Hendrix style, it is a prime example. Stereo quality-outstanding Instrumentation-excellent Vocal-fair L* 1

go far

teacher when not playing with the band, writes many of the poetic lyrics for the compositions. He is also lead singer for the group. Destroy the nations contains an excellent instrumental. Brass and woodwind melodies are contrapuntally joined to give an orchestral effect. Dog face man also displays Exley’s ululant voice. Varying degrees of intensity and feeling are skillfully overlayed to show the emotion in the lyrics of the opus. A

to form a six-man original-sounding four time results.

loveliest

day

the

Year.

Excellent quality extends from sets to acting and includes the little things in-between such as direction. Outstanding performances were given by Gerald Parowinchak as ‘Daddy’ in The sandbox accompanied by Saskia Tuyn as ‘Grandma’ and the entire -cast of The loveliest afternoon of the year: ‘she’-Pat Connor, and ‘he’-Paul Frappier. If there were some faults in production the audience was too involved to notice. This sampling bodes well for the third noon-hour production, coming Ionesco’s The lesson, soon.

LEG WEEKEND presents

Friday,

October

18, 1968 (9:ZO)

3~7

2 3

Who wo&~I

you &obsk

of the US?

as the next president

BobWinn

’

Columbia University

Nobody, anybody likely to be>elected would be incomp-

. Jennifer

Wallace,

Myself, a traumatic eliperience as. a child increas-

because

’

Worden

Bob Kilimnik arts 3

Cyril1

Levitt,

Harold Wilson, *he fixed Britai.n maybe he can fix the

be-

DESIGNS .IilTEltiiATIONAL 1

Pat

Paulson,

he said anything about what’s to be

deals qf the U.S. to the utmost.

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TRAFFIC & PARKING REGULATIONS TODAY BOWLING PARTY with IVCF, meeting at 1930 in parking lot D. All are welcome. LITTLE FILLMORE with the Bedtome Story and Your Favorite Thing. at 2100in the grub shack, for $1 and a stoodent card.

NOTICE

BIOLOGY CLUB has a talk from Dr Fernando on his trip to Asia at 1945in B295. TUESDAY

CONCERT-BAND CONCERT at 1215 in the theater with no admission charge. *IVCF BOOK STUDY at 1300in campus center 202. *DUPLICATE BRIDGE CLUB plays in SSlounge at 1900.75aper night. PUBLIC-SERVICE EXAMINATION for graduating students interested in public administration and foreign service. 1900 in MC 2066, see the grad-placement secretary for details. MEET THE WRITER who makes up all this bork. at 2200in the Chevron office. BIBLICAL AUTHORITY lecture-discussion and coffee. with IVCF in campuscenter makeout lounge at 2000. *COMITATE, the femmes club. at 1900 in campus center 206. DICK GREGORY at 1930 in Seagram gym for $1. SCIENCE SOCIETY MEETING at 2000 in the board room above the pub.

SATURDAY

New traffic and parking regulations, as recommended by the Operations Council, have been approved by the President and will be issued throughout the University the week of October 28th.

RALLYE COUPE DE POUBELLES starts from lot A at 1500,.Entries there or in federation office. DRAWBRIDGE COFFEEHOUSE with Paul Woolner, folk singer, 25~ gate-toll and refreshments extra. 2000 to 2400 in the campus-center coffeeshop. PARTY with Trev Bennett and the Music House. Give the GradSoc $1 at 2030 in the campus center pub. Stay till 2400. GUARNERI STRING QUARTET at 2030 in the theater. student admission $1.50,others $2.50. The CARD TABLE with the RICKETY LEG WEEKEND presents a pool partv (bathing-suited couples dance) with F.j. and the impressions at 2030 in the campus pool. $2per couple. *MISSING PEECE coffeehouse with Steve and Paul. Free admission at 2051 in Conrad Grebel.

It is requested that everyone make themselves familiar with these new regulations, penalties and appeal procedures, etc., as quickly as possible since it is the intention that they be fully enforced in the interest of the safety and convenience of all members of the University. You are reminded that the existing and new regulations require the registration of vehicles and the parking thereof in the assigned parking lot. Parking on roadways, walkways, and vehicular accesses to buildings is prohibited.

THURSDAY

*IVCF BIBLE STUDY on the Hebrews at 1200in campus center 202. *FOLKDANCE CLUB party night at 1930 in SS lounge. Call Chris (576-6802) for details. THEOLOGY AND SOCIAL CHANGE at 1930in 136University W. THE HEART OF THE CITY, film at 1215 in AL113. admission free. *FOLKSONG CLUB sings from 2000on in P150.

SUNDAY

A. K. Adlington Vice-President,

UKRANIAN CONCERT with Ukranian choirs and dancers, in the theater at 1530 and costs $1 (double price for others). BUGS BUNNY BUNDLE is part of the CTwtRL weekend. A cartoon show all evening from 2000and costs 49a.

Operations

~~l~l~llllUllUllllllUllllullllUllllllllll~lllllllllllllllllllu~l~l~

MONDAY

11 REASONSWHY IT PAYS TO BUY A

CIRCLE K meets at 1815 in campus center 211C. *CHESS CLUB meets at 1815in campus center 211.

SONATA RECITAL with Gifford Tooie and William Chambers. 2000in the theater. 50~.non-students double price.

FOUND

WANTED

Black hornrimed glasses found at Simons Eastern Mfg Co Ltd, 170 University Ave West. Claim at office.

Warriors Band needs rides to Queen’s on Oct. 19. Phone creative-arts office soon.

.anboJug Jaydo .~apuo~ lea -~~o~oatxp~t! samooaq alBunq le.injaallqa -JV ‘J! h.inq 0~ sl nap1 ysaq ‘aloq alqe~lqey -‘J!Un U! S! 69, ln?!quH :30HGNnOH3 COUPE DE POUBELLES.. ..The rally with sex appeal...Saturday 19th-tomorrow. Enter at the federation office (or lot A, 2 pm Saturday) Wear running shoes and bring a towel. Love thy navigator.

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19 AT

CAMPUS CENTRE Friday,

October

78, 7968 (9:201

309

I faceless

-’

men

7.k -‘%*

andI.tchenationd union. tha) had <only<onereal,-face At 3:30

Monday

Iafternoon

by Richard

was warmin,g

tional town of Trois-Rivieres, that you find the faces behind Daniel Johnson.

Bergeron Press

They carried his body in a closed casket. barely visible through the’ side windows of a black Cadillac limousine. Behind. thirty more limousines followed, in them. friends. enemies, and the men and women who lived in the shadow of his party’s power. Faceless people followed the cortege. t’aceless people watched as they unloaded the dark brown casket in front of the Criminal Court building on Notre Dame. a f’ew hundred feet from where Charles de Gaulle spoke last summer. Daniel Johnson. 53, in power for a little over two years, was a leader of faceless I men.

L e Chef,, the leader The power of the National Union -had only one face. Le Chef. the leader. The cabinet ministers were never more than aides. who never- spoke with authority, but were_ messengers of the leader’s I . voice. * They brought Daniel Johnson’s body along Route 20 yesterday, along the barl‘eh Trans-Canada Highway which passes no villages. no houses, that tells nothing -of the people Daniel Johnson represented. There’s another route between Quebec and Montreal, travelled last summer by Charles de Gaulle. Route 2. along the.North Shore. is named “le Chemin .d.u Roy”, and it is. a microcosm of the Quebec Daniel Johnson. and his predessor Maurice Duplessis. ruled for over twen’ty years. They should have carr-ied his body on this road. It would have been more fitting. No one travels between Quebec and Montreal on le Chemin du Roy without understanding what makes Quebec run. I.

the spiritual

home

Because, in spirit, this is where Daniel Johnson was born, this is the spiritual home of the French Canada that spawned him. It was in Trois-Rivieres, in-- the ‘late nineteenth century, that the tradition he represents. jelled. Here, under the authority of a strongly conservative and reactionary Church. was born the ultramontane tradition that for decades fought any liberal movement that threatened to upset the old authority structure. Here is the spiritual home of the French Canadian elites that allied with the authority of the Church to keep French Canada a rural. silent and frightened people. Here, the French Canadian .business interests that ratified the Confederation pact because it promised to protect their ascendancy, have their real home. Here is the birthplace of the nationalism Daniel Johnson represented-a nationalism based on “survivanc_e”, the survival of his people in the sea of AngloSaxons. “Survivance” was the basis of Daniel Johnson’s politique. It is true, when his defenders say “He spoke for his p.eople”-possibly no other French Canadian leader except DuplesSis could attund himself to the nature of his people’s fears, and anxieties. Maurice Duplessis “protected” his people from “les politiciens d’ottawa,” and Daniel Johnson carried forward the same dynamic. A politique based on survival, some will say, is by its very.definition reactionary.

a par.ty of power.

Whate-ver adjectives historians may attach to 1’Union Nationale, its power was :unique. It was a party of power, whose sole policy was the’acquisition of church domiri2 ted villages power. AS a government. its’ role was the preservation or exercise of that same The siegnkurial: and fur-trading past broods on in church-dominated villages. power. ’ nestled between the St. Lawrence and x - Power is essential to la survivance. I To the. families who live along le Ch<mthe tributaryrivers fromthe north. r in du Roy, families who have voted for the , At every turn the narrow. winding . ‘same party because their. ,grandfathers , road hugs that river. which for three hundred years had been Quebec’s spine have. policies -mean little. and separatism is just another big word created by the and artery.’ :. . radicals in Montreal. , Huge tankers nbw plod up and down the They voted for Daniel Johnson-they waterway. or pause anchored at‘lanoraie. ‘. #feeding steel mills and chemical plants transferred their power to him-so he could defend them. Daniel Johnson’s . whose blast ,furnace towers and waste.’ burning chimneys loom on the opposite power did not have to be exercised. he ’ I . ‘- shore. did not have to reform the society he At halfway point stands Trois-Rivruled over. His power just had to be there ‘- as a sentinel. for the time when he would ieres. a collection of Catholic sepric have to defend his people from inundaand American pulp milis. Here is the tion by the sea of foreign languages that home of Maurice Duplessis. the realfrighten French Canada. Chef”. for whom. in the final analysis. And so. Daniel Johnson defended his Daniel Johnson was just another messpeople. in the same way Maurice Duplesenger. It is on this road. and the ugly. funcsis protectedcthem. .*I .I.’ . _‘~

. .

310JieCHEVRON

' . _.'\

, . I

Sept. 30, just as the up, they

-Danie,I Francis Johnson’s

Special to Canadian University

body

brought

to Montr.eal.

His people feared being broken up, feared losing the basis of their cohesion. So the National Union kept the people together. ’ In the thirties, forties and early fifties, the party held the people together by keeping it in the country-side, by fighting to retain the traditional rural authority.

a capitalist’s

dream

The Union Nationale government’s public. philosophy, the historian Ramsey Cook wrote. was “a nineteenth-century capitalist’s (dream” : foreign capital was invited to a province with enormous natural resources, stable government, low taxes, cheap and unorganized labor. Duplessis fought federal welfare’ policies as infringement on provincial rights, but rarely did he offer any alternative policies of his own. Daniel Johnson was born in Danville, a hamlet but a few miles from the mining town of Asbestos, which burned its name onto the.pages of French Canada’s social history. Asbestos, like the other bitterly fought I strikes of the forties and fifties brought out the Union Nationale’s true colors. In these labor disputes, the Union Nationale openly identified itself with foreign capital against French Canadian labor. The enormous under-representation of urban areas in the provincial legislature meant that the Union Nationale had little to fear from the votes of angry trade unionists.

the Duplessis

machine

Despite its reactionary policies., Duplessis’s machine never failed to win reelection through- a combination of ‘electoral corruption, personal charisma, and an ear finely-tuned to the f.rustrations of French Canada. Duplessis skilfully used nationalism as a sheild to protect his conservative policies in the sham battles <he fought against Ottawa,. For over twenty years, sillently in the back benches, and silently in the front -benches; sat the man they buried in St. Pie de Bagot Monday. Daniel Johnson didn’t seriously alter the politique of h!is Chief. Johnson was a more honest man. a man personally liked by all who met him, including cynical legislature press corps. He was a man gifted with more personality and intellectua-1 depth than Jean Lesage. When he came to power June 5. 1966. the old party hacks came for their-share of the pork barrel. revelling in the return of the good old days. But Daniel Johnson did not re-institute the patronage and corruption of his predecessor, he initiated a subtler politique.

, I strike

busting

Johnson virtually crushed three strikes during his two-year term in office: the-

hospital workers’. bus drivers’ .and teachers’ (Bill 25). ’ Now his party is in the process of crushing a potentially very dangerous strike-the Liquor Board workers. And Daniel Johnson took his trips to New York, to attract foreign investment, and to placate fears of separatism. Daniel Johnson gave the tax concessions to foreign industries, promised them the support of his government in any labor disputes. He continued selling the natural resources of this province to outside interests. That is the basis of National Union economic policy. that is how they create the prosperity essential to the maintenance of their power. That is one of the logical corollaries of the “politique de la survivance’ ’ . The other is independance. So they should have carried. Daniel Johnson’s body over the Chemin du Rov through the villages and hamlets that read like a litany of a strange biblical past: St. Charles de Grondines, Ste. Anne de la Perade. St. Ignace de Loyola. St. Suplice.. . Then we would have seen the faces of another French Canada. The small town mayors, parish priests and notaries, Then the cortege would have passed . the “Player’s Please” billboard just outside Batiscan. Chevrolet ad on the westbound lane near Champlain. and the peeling “Buvez Coca Cola” signs over the roadside stands. ’ \ 0

the faces of Quebec

, Then some of the faces would become clearer-Gilbert Ayers. the lumber magnate who built himself a grotesque Grecian mansion in Lachute. a town which he virtually owns. and where he is in the process of crushing a strike among his factory workers. who earn 65 to 70 cents an hour. And Jean-Louis’ Levesque. one of the few French Canadian millionaires, owner of the Dupuis department stores.and the man who owns Blue Bonnets. And in the crowd that stared as his closed coffin was carried up the steps of the Criminal Court building. past the Doric pillars, into the marble-tiled anteroom, , some faces would become rec’ognizeable. Faces of what the French Canadian workers disdainfully label “le circuit cocktail” -the Outremont cocktail circuit of the middle class lawyers. notaries and businessmen. They’ll take Daniel Johnson‘s body to St. Pie de-Bagot and carry it through the rural Eastern townships. But. although the people will pause -at the x roadside and remove their caps. making the sign of the cross. they won’t think too much- of what Daniel Johnson represented to them or anyone else. Nor will they care about Trudeau or Levesque or Bougault. This- is October. the frost is’setting in. and French’ Canada has a harvest to gather.

Of honesty

and

“Take care not to pour new wine into very old vessels.” That was the message president Claude Bissell of the University of Toronto gave two-years discussions about ago when the reform of university governing structures were getting under way all across Canada. What he was getting at was “Let’s not just tinker around. Let’s not add a couple of people here and another couple there, and think the university can crawl along as it always has.” Bissell has pushed his idea of eliminating the board of governors and creating an all-powerful senate which would govern the university. This would mean academic control of the academic community. The idea has support from many quarters. The federation brief on university government, now 17 months old, recommended it for Waterloo. That’s not to say that the federation agrees with all of Bissell’s proposals. Like most wily administrators, Bissell doesn’t talk too much in specificslike just who would be on the senate, and in what proportions. Anyway, back at ‘UniWat, it appears we’ almost took the plunge. We were almost the first to suggest to its board of governors that it abolish itself. Well, if you call about a 12-3 vote “almost”. That’s 12-3 against such a move. Only 15 of 26 attended that meeting. The absentees knew the vote would be all right. But let’s do some arithmetic. We know from the voluminous appendices that the sub-committee on governing structure rec-

Solution

courage

ommended a single-tier system to the full unigov committee. That means at least four of the seven sub-committee people, after long study of the problem, opted for the new set-up. But comes to the fill committee’s debate, the three votes in favor were cast by the student reps, only one of whom was on the sub-committee. The minority report from the student reps cites this incident as one of many disillusioning events which they had to put up with over the 25 months the committee was dragging itself along. The minority report talks about members who “about-faced and silently and meekly voted against the recommendation when opposition to it was expressed by the university’s president. ” We won’t mention who these men were. One of them was lucky. Dr. Batke was chairman of the committee which meant he couldn’t involve himself in the debate. This time, anyway. As for the other two, may the one retain his position under the perilous conditions of university operations. And may the other make it from department chairman to arts dean as smoothly as possible. And to conclude, a quote from that pompous unigov report: ‘But more important even than the formal structure of government finally adopted, is the spirit of a common intellectual purpose that can emerge from the transformation. A sense of mutual confidence, understanding and a genuine willingness to debate issues openly are the goals to be achieved. ”

And we might add-honesty courage.

and

to all problems?

For years we’ve been told the university government report will solve all our problems. President Hagey tried to get out of allowing students on the committee on ancillary enterprises during the bookstore strike two years ago by asking students to wait for the report. Fortunately. he didn’t succeed. A year ago, when student reps on the unigov committee wanted it to have open meetings, they were silenced without a fair hearing, on the grounds that the question of openness would be discussed by the committee, later. So now the report is out. Are the problems solved? Definitely not. Was openness discussed? No, not quite. The meeting scheduled for that discussion had to be cancelled because of insufficient attendance. All three student reps were there, though. Did the committee ever formulate a definition of the university from which to draw conclusions about who should take part in its government? No, that discussion was specifically avoided, we’re told. Only the students wanted to talk about such a lofty concept. Did it talk about the departments and faculty councils,

where most people should be involved in decision-making which affects their lives? No, because nobody has .the courage to tell faculty to start accepting students as partners in the academic quest. And nobody wants to talk about that immense contradiction of teaching about democracy in authoritarian classrooms. So the glorious unigov report is really meaningless to most of us because it doesn’t talk about things we feel, like alienation and disintegration of any sense of community which ever existed.’ And further, since all those committee and council doors will remain closed, we won’t be able to learn first-hand or through any news media what decisions are being made about our lives, and by whom. ‘But let’s not l:iorry about little things like that. After all, we have ways of solving these problems. Form another committee to look into these problems. And that’s what’s being done. “Come back in another 25 months, we might have another excuse for you,” say the boys on the fourth floor. But can we wait that long? Will we wait that long?

“Federation

Campus

open parking flays ” -K-W

center-an

We’ve been told so often how we should take pride in our university and accomplish things that are a credit to our university, that we seldom even think about that phrase. We are led to believe we are a part of a community and as such are not only served by the community but have obligations to it. It is a fine ideal. The trouble is, it is a sham. It is not “our” university in any sense. It is owned by the self-perpetuating board of governors and operated by an administration which has no responsibility to the members of the community beyond what the board dictates. Even the classrooms, the curriculum, the recreational facilities, and the residences are not ours. It is a community so backward even the suggestion that the students-for whom the university supposedly, in major part, exists-should have some participation in the decision-making has been considered revolutionary. In short, the university serves us as its administration, not we or even the faculty, sees fit. We are expected atid compelled to have communitv obligations toward it,’ yet w; have no rights whatsoever. At a general meeting in September students decided at least one part of the university was theirs-the campus center. Student council agreed, and on Thursday Oct. 10 declared the campus

Record

example

center would soon come under the control of the students. Student council saw no need to have the administrators’ approval for students to decide to use their own building for their own interests and needs. The building is in fact self-supporting financially because of income from space rental to the bank. Council is willing to negotiate specific working relationships with the university designed for mutual benefit and convenience. It has insured participation in the governing structure of the building by the other campus tiommuniti& that could make use of its facilities. It invites and encourages this multi-group use. But the campus center is primarily the students building, and as such the students have a right to decide how it is to be run and by whom. Hagey has openly called the campus center the propertv of the board of governors, and’ denies the right of the users of that property to determine how it should be administered. He denounces the decision as “unilaterally taken” with “no bearing or effect on the university. ” The president of this university has denied the right of human beings to make decisions affecting their own lives. In doing so he has denied, the principles of the liberal society which he supposedly upholds. And that decision, which affects thousands of people, he has made unilaterally.

a Canadian University Press member The Chevron is published every Friday (except exam periods and Augustj and occasionally at other times by the board of publications of the Federation of Students, University of Waterloo. Content is independent of the board of publications, student council or the university administration, Offices in the campus center, phone (519) 744-6111, local 3443 (news), 3444 (ads), 3445 (editor), night-line 744-0111, telex 0295-748 editor-in-chief: Stewart Saxe managing editor: Bob Verdun news editor: Ken Fraser features editor: Alex Smith spor’ts editor: Paul Solomonian photo editor: John Pickles editorial associate: Steve I reland chairman of the board of publications: Geoff Roulet 10,700 copies Finished before 7 ayem except the chief, this week, two hours better than last week. We have to get in shape for twice weekly starting immedrately, This week’s crew of misguided but well-meaning (in addition to those listed above) newsprint warriors: Jim Bowman, circulation manager; Jim Klinck, assistant news editor: Rod Hickman, entertainment coorainator: Pete Huck, Toronto bureau; Frank Goldspink, Atlantic bureau; Dave X. Stephenson, women editor; Gary Robins, photo editor emeritus; Paul Cotton, Jerry Krist, Dave Goodroi/v, Norm Sergeant, Donna McCullum, Jan Thomas, Hans Wiesner, George Tuck, Bill Sheldon, Greg Wormald, Jim Allen, Mike Eagen, Myles Genest (Village subsidiary operation), Brenda Nicolichuk, Nancy Turner, Ron Trumble, Bill Brown, Tom Ashman, Bill Royds, Ken Coe, Thomas J. Edwards, Wayne Smith, Rod Hay, John Parlane, Ted Lonsdale, Dave Youngs, George Loney, Ted Batke and his report-writing committee, Fred, the telex (and Elly Q) and a whole bunch of photogs and bthers who either weren’t here at 7 ayem (or) their editors didn’t harid in a list to the managing editor, who’s joy this is. And believe it or not, Kevin reads this far.

Friday,

October

78, 7968 (9:2O)

37 7

not so funny cat would ask me, “Greg, are you going to Europe again this summer?” And I’d answer, “Hell, no, man. I’ve got to get seven more jobs to feed these damn white

black

folks.”

Why it would

take us two-and-a-half

years

teach white folks to eat watermelon right. And make slaves out of all white folks, it’d be the best that ever happened to them. With 180 million white in this country, they’d pick all the cotton in two Then they’d have 363 days just to sit around and learn them songs.. .plot revolt. * * * The American

Some people today are really scared by the system, one of the most frightened is Dick Gregory an american comedian turned civil rights leader who is running for president of the United States on a write-in campaign. The following excerpts are from his book, Write me in!, published by Bantam Books, Inc. Gregory will be speaking in Seagram gym on Wednesday.

1 grew up in the ghetto of St. Louis and like any other kid in my neighborhood. I heard the myths and unconsciously knew the realities of life’s possibilities for a black child in America. Some of my little black neighbors aspired to be doctors, lawyers or teachers. But I dreamed of being a champion; of shattering the myths; of breaking through the cruel and accepted system and creating new realities. 1 ditl btlcome a champion on the track field in highschool and in caollegc. Later I rose to the top of my chosen field of tlntertainment and joined the galaxy of stars in show business. 1 achieved fame and fortune. both childhood ambitions. which were seen to be meaningless once attaincud. 1 learned early in life the corruption of the capitalistic+ s~.steni. Capitalism respects only wealth. not human values I was making big money and I was “respected.” In reality my money was respected and I was only tolera1td. ;: * *

I have spanned the world to voice a plea for peace among men. I have had the good fortune to talk with the common people of this earth, from the Russian worker in Moscow to the poor sharecropper in the rural outposts of Mississippi. I have broken break in shacks where even bread was a luxury. And I have dined in luxurious restaurants where the bill for a single dinner would feed a Mississippi family for a month. I have marched and protested against injustice with all kinds of people-Indians, locked hopelessly and helplessly in their reservations; suburban whites, painfully victimized by their social system; ghetto and rural blacks for whom freedom is an increasingly empty word and justice is an unknown commodity. I have shared the secret hopes and the fondest dreams of them all and I have learned the moral revolution in America is not a fight of blacks against whites; it is a united struggled of right against wrong. I dropped out of college just short of graduation, because I became convinced education was not the key to success. A man is born with all the wisdom he needs to gain respect. He does not need a college degree to show human compassion. Respect should never be based upon what a man knows, but rather upon the quality of life he lives. Therefore, I chose to reject any possible link with a system which would respect a man’s college degree but not the man himself. The tw-o-party system has made a mockery of democracy by denying people any real choice in determining who will represent them. Candidates are selected through the power plays of the party machine and such political activities produce candidates who will best represent the interests of. the political party rather than the common good of all the people. The essence of true democracy is not only the right to vote. but also the right to select your own candidate. To be forced to select between party-dominated choices is to have no real choice at all. The majority of American voters were so busy in 1964 choosing the lesser of two ’ evils that they ended up putting into office the evil of the evils. It’s much like choosing for marriage one of two women-one of whom is a prostitute seven days a week. and the other a prostitute only on weekends-either way you still end up married to a whore! * * * 1 can’t believe how many white folks are silly enough to think that if black folks took over the country in the morning. we’d make slaves out of them. Now don’t get me wrong, we would like to-but think of the tremendous hardship it would be for black folks to make all white folks slaves. Do you know what that means? It means that every black cat in America would have twelve white folks to feed for the rest of his life. I can just see it now. A

312 The CHEVRON

tragedy

is the perverse

distortion

to just

if we thing folks days. rest.. . of the

concept of nonviolence. Nonviolence in this country means I am not supposed to hit an American white man. But I can go all over the world shooting people and get medals for it. If every Negro in this country stood up America would love us. and said, “I am nonviolent,” But if we tried to show America nonviolence means we are not supposed to be violent under any circumstance, anywwhere in the world, which means, of course, not going to war, we would be called Communists and thrown in jail. Non-violence in this country is a fraud. After the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King the memory of Dr. white America said: “Remember King and be nonviolent.” White America owns all the missiles, owns all the nuclear vessles, has an army and a navy, controls the FBI and the CIA, the local police, the state police and the national guard. Yet white America can look at black folks, who do not manufacture one gun, and tell them to be nonviolent.

***

Moral polution has affected America’s ability to tell the truth. I would rather say lying represents a basic immorality than give it a sweet-sounding name like credibility gap. Take the Pueblo incident. The president came on television and said that the Pueblo was twenty miles out on international waters. The next day he said it was sixteen miles out. Finally he got it down to twelve miles. I expected to pick up the paper any day and see where the Pueblo had dropped anchor! Most Americans are so far away from the civil-rights movement that they are as misinformed about it as they are about Vietnam. If the closest you get to the movement is what you read in the press. you reall\- cannot understand. And if you can believe what you read in the papers about Vietnam. you can believe anything. A morally-polluted America fears the truth. The CIA followed Stokely Carmichael all over the world. They heard every speech he gave. yet they were never able to report back home that he lied about America. We have all read statements of both Stokely Carmichael and Rap Brown and not once can we honestly say they have lied

about this nation.

It is a terrifying

thought

that a whole

nation despises two men for telling the truth. When that happens. there is nothing wrong with those two men; but

there is something

terribl?

wrong with that nation.

***

White America insists that riots are hurting the Negro cause. An illustration of the insanity of this nation is that riots are not hurting our cause. They have only helped. After the riots in Detroit, I was hoping the government would say, “All right, we’re going to show you black folks how we treat people who behave themselves.” I was hoping the government would reach out a hand to the Indian reservation and set my red brother free, because he has not been rioting and his cause is so just. But it did not. But after Detroit nearly burned to the ground, the

Ford Motor Company hired 6000 Negroes in two days’ time. There were no phony tests attached to the job applications. For the first time the emphasis was sincerely placed upon actually hiring black folks, rather than devising subtle ways to limit their employment. Why the sudden change in emphasis? Because the fires of the summer of 1967 got too close to the Ford plant. Henry Ford thought, “Don’t scorch the Mustangs, baby.” Do you realize how long it would take to get 6000 jobs for black folks using the strategy of nonviolent, peaceful demonstration? Colored friends of mine in Detroit tell me there were so many Negroes lined up outside the Ford plant to get one of those 6000 jobs. you would have thought

the plantation

was coming

back.

* * *_

People ask me. “If you were elected president, what group of people do you think you would have the most

trouble with?” And I have no doubt I would have the most trouble with colored folks. One of my first programs would be to wipe out the poverty program and set up a 55-billion-dollar-a-year white folks rest program. I’d take all those white folks off their good jobs and put them on my rest program., And I’d give my black brother a good job for the first time in his life. I guarantee you that after six months of doing this, colored folks would be marching on me at the white house, saying, “What’s wrong with you? Lettin’ these white folk lay around not working, getting relief checks, havin’ all them babies. ..” * * * Americans who are upset over crime in the ghetto streets should walk those streets and see the crimes of the ghetto merchant. The federal trade commission un-

covered area than

the disgraceful

statistic

that prices

in ghetto-

stores in Washington, D.C. are 265 percent higher in suburban areas. A sample item which cost re-

tailers $115 was sold to middle-income people for $150 and to poor people in the ghetto area for $300. because they were buying on “easy-credit” terms. White Americans are morally indignant over the large numbers of black people on relief. But they accept so easily the imrnorality of tax injustices in this country. The nation’s richest citizens do not pay income tax because of loopholes. I know about tax loopholes since I am in a high income bracket. It is possible for me to take an entire night-club audience out for dinner and it wonjt cost me a quarter because I can write if off my income tax as publicity expense. Yet some poor white of black woman who needs to write off her baby’s milk expense doesn not enjoyoy the same privilege. In July 1967, we stopped sending pharmaceutical supplies to Vietnam, in spite of the desperate need of Vietnamese civilians. The reason we gave for stopping our shipments was that we couldn’t control the corrupt American and Vietnamese businessmen. Not only were the shipments being pilfered on the docks of Saigon, but also foreign aid was sliced in half before it ever left this country. Price jack-ups. inventory frauds and deposits in Swiss bank accounts were depleting the American foreign-aid tax dollar unmercifully at a healthy profit to big business. Moral fallout in this country seeps corrosively into the tax structure and forces the poor and middle-income citizens to pay the bill for a war which will take the lives of their sons. Yet the large corporations which profit financially from the death of American boys pay little or nothing

to perpetuate

their

depraved

resources.

A nation

which depends upon the continuance ofdeath and killing for its economic life cannot survive. There is no doubt in my mind that America is in Vietnam illegally. Further, any suggestion that we are related to to the people of South Vietnam on any other basis than our own self-interest is absurd-former president Dwight Eisenhower gave a clue to our real concerns in South Vietnam in this quotation for Mandate for change: 7953-7956: “The loss of all Vietnam. .‘.would have spelled the loss of valuable deposits of tin and prodigious supplies of rubber and rice.”

SPECIAL SUPPLEMENT

THE UNIVERSITY

Volume 9 Number 20

OF WATERLOO,

Friday, October

Waterloo, Ontario

SPECIAL UPPLEMENT Produced

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in cooperation

with

the administration

of the

University

1968

18,

of Waterloo

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Report

of the

on University

Study

Committee overnment

“In the light of rapidly events ’ I’m . convinced own proposals are now conservative.”

changing that our much too

Provost Bill Scott -.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.. . . *. . . . .. . . . ... a - .. - . . . .

REPORT dN UNIVERSITY GOVERNMENT . TO THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS AND THE SENATE BY THE UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO COMMITTEE ON THE STUDY OF UNIVERSITY. GOVERNMENT Submitted: October 15,1968 T. L. Batke, university-development vicepresident, chairman of the committee

FOREWORD The ‘University of’ Waterloo study committee on university government, composed of some twenty-six members representing the board of governors, senate, faculties, students and administrative staff has had over twenty meetings during the period October 1966 to September 1968. This report ,was approved and adopted by the committee at its meeting September 30,1968. Committee membership and terms of reference are shown in appendix 1. The study committee on university government respectfully submits its report and recommendations for the consideration of the board of governors and the senate of the University of Waterloo. .

CONTENTS SECTION 1: Introduction Section 2: Summary of the committee’s agenda and proceedings Section 3 : Recommendations A-Structure of university government B-Academic administrative appointments Section 4: Discussion \ 1. Definition of the university and its members I ,2. Faculty Participation in University Government 3. Student Participation in University Government 4. Structure of university government 5. Academic administrative appointments Section 5 : Conclusions Appendix 1. Committee membership, terms Appendix 2: The University of Waterloo Act, 1959 (Revision, 1963) Appendix 3: Summary of Faculty Association and Federation of Students recommendations Appendix’ 4: Summary of main recommendations of the Duff-Berdahl report (reproduced with permission; J. Percy Smith, in University Affairs, April, 1966. ) Appendix 5: Report of the subcommittee on governing structure

htroduction

In the university community throughout Canada, and espedially during the period of, rapid growth from the mid-1950’s to the mid-1960’s, a deep concern about the underlying principles of university government emerged. Several factors. contributed to this concern and the. explicit questioning of established patterns: An increased pace of growth and academic de(a) velopment has taken place in the nation’s relatively small universities. Thus. in 1938-39- there were some 10.900-11.000’ students enrolled in Ontario’s five universities. with about 7.000 of them at Toronto. alteration in a single course. In the past dozen years a much more intensive decision-making process was ,‘\% demanded. Universities, accustomed to independent I action, shared -with federal and provincial governments in the ,common task of providing for a quadrupling of enrolment-in Ontario from about 20,000 in 1956 to over I 80,000 in 1968. Such a pace required rapid response to complex questions of academic, physical and financial planning. Boards of governors and senates, meeting infrequently, relied more heavily on a growing body of administrative staff and a host of committees to formulate the necessary decisions. The previously established governing structure, -whatever its earlier merits, tvas not suited to the new conditions / cb) The establishment of new universities (now a total of 15 in Ontario), required the conscious review and determination of princibles of formal constitutions. During the several decades preceding the 1950’s-the post-World War I era of the ‘20’s, the depression of the I 314 The CHEVRON (Section 2) _.: 2 ,

‘30’s, the World War II of the ‘40’s and its subsequent readjustment period-not many academics in the slowlychanging Canadian universities concerned themselves with the long-established traditions of university government. The aims and methods of the academic process seemed clear. More recently and especially at new institutions the prospect of new directions and rethinking seemed appropriate, to adapt the universities to the needs of a rapidly changing society. The growing strength of inter-university organi((9 zations enabled clearer and stronger voices to be heard. Thus with the large influx 1of faculty members and students into the university system, the Canadian Association of University Teachers (CAUT), the Canadian Union of Students (CUS), the Ontario Council of University Faculty Associations (OCUFA) and the Ontario Union of Students (OUS), and other more specialized groups were able to assert a collective pointof-view with some force: Expanding administrative structures at every (d) level of university organization, including faculty associations and student unions resulted in an increasing compartmentalization of decision-making by a growing number of committees and groups operating in conditions of relative isolation. The stifling maze of paper, the apparent desire for total communication, the general expectation for participation in all facets of the university’s affairs, the feeling that too many decisions are arbitrary and undemocratic-these have all contrived to create a sense of alienation, impersonality and remoteness for individuals and groups in the university. Decision routes have become intricate. Undesirable dichotomies and polarizations have occurred-and thoughtful debate.was made difficult by an inclination to exchange superficial labels often in a tense mood of accusation and distrust. The cohesive sense of community appeared (e) to have degenerated at many institutions. The words administration; board, faculty, deans and students often became pejorative terms for groups within each of which a uniform view was assumed to exist, and whose various aims and aspirations appeared to form a set of oppositions. These are a few-of the contributing factors that have led to a nation-wide review of the role of universities in modern society and their governing principles. A group of distinguished Canadian academics produced a series of essays on the government of Canadian universities: A place of liberty, (editor: George Whalley ; Clarke, Irwin, 1964) which analyses and defines some of the major problems and indicates directions for change. It may be expected that this process of self-analysis will continue even with increased intensity during the next few years, and will engage the interest of a much wider public. The Duff-Berdahl Commission: In June 1962, the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada (then NCCUC) endorsed a recommendation from the CAUT to undertake a study of university government in Canada by the appointment of’ a special commission. The original commissioners, Sir James Mountford and Professor R. 0. Berdahl, met in November 1963 but for reasons of health, Mountford was forced to resign his commission and the study was delayed. In July 1964, Sir James Duff was appointed and the study resumed. The study was completed in 1965, and in January 1966 the long-awaited Duff-Berdahl report was published. (University Government in Canada University of Toronto Press, 1966). A summary of the main recommendations is included in appendix IV. At the University of Waterloo there had been no longstanding traditions or practices. The University of Waterloo Act of 1959 (see appendix 2) was based primarily on the established constitutions, principles and practices at the University ‘of Toronto and the University of Western Ontario. Waterloo, -immersed in the massive problems of its founding decade (1957-67) with instant tradition. a newly-formed senate and an emerging’structure of councils and committees, often found its solutions on -a pragmatic month-to-month basis. The governing bodies, the board and the senate, conceived on the older presuppositions of a slowly-moving development were barely able to keep up with the pace as the young university grew from some 75 students in 1957 to over 8000 in 1968. The requirements of the building program, the development of cool%rative education, the structuring

-of both undergraduate and graduate degree programs, under conditions of 30-50 percent annual additions to faculty’members, left little time for reflection on how to govern the decision-making processes. It is worth noting that faculty members, in the earlier years, through informal discussion and committees, were most intimately involved with almost all decisions. Indeed, the faculty and a few administrative officers, mostly young, often with little experience but highly enthusiastic, generated most of the practices, procedures and emerging policies of the university. The senate, established in, 1960, and its precursor’, the academic advisory committee, consisted of the same people who were I initiating and administering the academic and institutional affairs of the university as well as advising the president on more general matters. Hence the Senate often did act as a formal rubber stamp-but only because all of its business . had already been thoroughly discussed by the individual members in their routine responsibilities. It is perhaps difficult now to appreciate the effectiveness of communication in the’ small, single-building university of the early years. Several of the department chairmen and deans were able to call almost all of the students in first-year classes by their names, and everyone met in a single coffeeshop! As Waterloo developed from 1200 students in 1962 to i3000 in 1968 and the faculty increased from one hundred to over five hundred, relatively fewer faculty members could be involved in senate affairs. When the senate became established, about one-third of the total professorial faculty members were members of that governing body. Thus, it is not surprising that at Waterloo a review of the governing structure and its processes should be carried out, in view of the considerable change in scale and complexity that-has occurred in its founding decade. Accordingly, in mid-1966 the senate and the board approved the establishment of the present committee to examine the situation at the university especially in light of the Duff-Berdahl report, and to bring forward recommendations for change as may be desirable. ‘Student power’ has emerged in the past decade and the recent events at Berkeley, Columbia, Berlin, Paris, Madrid as well as some incidents at McGill, Toronto, Simon Fraser and other campuses have brought to light the force with which some groups of students are prepared to assert their assumed right to influence decisions. Whereas the formal governing structure and the roles of faculty and student participation in the shaping of the university had been the main focus of the Duff-Berdahl report, the organized student groups in Canada have shown an ever deeper questioning of the fabric of education and its relationships to the aims of society. Many student discussions are characterized by such questions as, ‘What is a university? ‘What are the goals and purposes of society?’ ‘What is real education?’ ‘Why can’t the community of scholars be operated democratically?’ These rhetorical questions imply’ a re-. jection of some of the values with which many of the , older generation have lived. Student organizationsurge a fundamental reconstruction of these aims and values, and only after such clarification is it considered worthwhile to discuss, the question of how a university should be governed. The very existence of student concern for the reshaping of society and its institutions is in itself a ‘most encouraging sign. In the present era of change, with its recurring violence, massive problems and ugly con. tradictions, many bright young people are at the universities and see in their immediate environment an arena ’ for effective change. A feeling of ‘Let’s start right here’ exists. Youth’s assumptions of clear insight into justice and democracy, combined with its characteristic impatience, have provided a springboard for keen’ young minds to launch demands not only for partici- L pation in the shaping of university-policy but also for re-examining the aims of society in general. In this section we have tried to outline some of the context in which discussions of the committee took place, especially some facets of the problem peculiar to the University of Waterloo. Many members of the committee devoted considerable time to reading the now extensive literature on the general subject of university government and related matters. No attempt h is made here to review such material, but it undoubtedly influenced decisions of committee members and is on

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88 is a fair reflection of the disIt taken in cus sions and decisions the committee.”

Dr. Peter McBryde, Dean of Science file, and available, served as secretary

Resume Agenda

in the office of the registrar, of the committee.

who

Of The Committee’s And Proceedings

The following series of major subjects of discussion tee, but also records some . that do not appear in later specific recommendations the points discussed.

notes outlines not only the at meetings of the commititems of business and detail sections of this report since were not formulated on all of

1. At the first three meetings of the committee (October 11, 1966, November 21, 1966, January 16, 1967), a chairman was elected; committee membership was augmented by the addition of two students (for a total of three), the operations vicepresident and the studentaffairs provost; a study plan and procedures for the committee were agreed upon; a steering committee was established as well as three subcommittees dealing with: (a) resources and bibliography (b) historical studiesWaterloo and (c) historical studies-Canada and other countries; an invitation was issued to all members of the university, individuals or groups, requesting the submission of briefs for the consideration of the committee; one meeting was devoted to a thorough discussion of the present University of Waterloo Act and the current administrative structure and procedures. ,2. Two further meetings were held in the 1966-67 session (March 15, 1967, May 17, 1967). A report on British universities was presented by one of the subcommittees on historical studies discussing definition of membership in the university and the establishment of a university court or assembly; three briefs were‘presented; (i) a study of university government at Waterloo prepared by professors J.S. Stone and A.M. MacQuarrie, as an updated version of a report presented for a 1965 submission of the Faculty Association to the Duff-Berdahl commission (ii) a brief by the Federation of Students containing proposals on university government (see summary, appendix 3) (iii) a brief ‘Students and university government’ by professor R.A. Staal in which he examines the concept of participation. The committee previously agreed that for the formal presentation of briefs, as well as for the presentation of the final version of the committee’s report, meetings be open to interested members of the university, as observers. 3. The original plan of the committee had been based on a schedule for briefs to be submitted by March 1, 1967 with a report to be issued, hopefully, by October 1967. The Faculty Association brief however was only submitted in early October 1967, and a series of about fifteen meetings was arranged for the period November 1967 to March 1968. It is this set of meetings which finally’ enabled the committee to come to grips with the major issues. After several general meetings two special subcommittees were formed to bring forward ‘recom.mendations on (a) structure of university government at .Waterloo and (b) appointment procedures for ‘ac’ademid administrative offices. Discussion of those two areas in light of the acquired resources of the committee, the several specific briefs and its own discussions, resulted in the final shaping of recommendations contained in this report. 4. The following topics formed the major points of discussion: r (1) Definition of university membership. I (2) The one-tiered versus the two-tiered concept. (3) General composition of governing body, or bodiesrange of interests to be represented. ,(4) Related bodies-e.g. court, assembly. (5) Substructure-administrative councils, faculty councils, departmental structure (6) Openness of meetings of governing bodies. (7) University appointments-academic administrative offices. The committee had earlier agreed to hold open meetings on those occasions when briefs were presented, while other meetings of the committee, as well as meetings of any subcommittee, were considered closed. The meetings of the committee were tape-recorded and the tapes stored by the secretary, the registrar, for any future use the committee may wish to make of them.

5. At the February 5, 1968 meeting the subcommittee on structure of university government and the subcommittee on academic administrative appointments presented their reports. These two subcommittees had been appointed in midDecember 1967 to attempt a clarification of the issues and present explicit recommendations. The full report of the subcommittee on structure of university government is included as appendix 5 since much of the s&sequent discussion was felt to require its complete presentation. At the March 18, 1968 meeting the committee, after several meetings of extended debate, voted on the following motion : That the committee on the study of university government endorse proposal A in principle, as outlined in the subcommittee report dated January 29,1968. The motion was carried. The subcommittee’s recommendation for a single-tiered structure, composed predominantly of internal academics, was thus not accepted by the committee. The report of the subcommittee on academic administrative appointments was considered in detail and except for relatively minor modifications was accepted by the committee. It is not reproduced in this report since in effect the final recommendations in section 3, (part B) embody its principles almost entirely. A good deal of earlier discussion in the committee 6. centered on the question of formal and explicit recognition of membership in the university. To a large extent this is a question of legal entailment and definition of corporate members, and responsibilities. The committee agreed generally that it is desirable to designate faculty members and students and alumni as members of the community of scholars. Some felt that all others are employees of the corporation-others felt that some further employees, i.e. senior staff of the university should also be members, while yet others felt that all persons on the payroll should be members. The question appears to involve some confusions of tradition but it was agreed to consult with legal advisors and if the question is not too complicated then any revised act should explicity mention as members of the community of scholars that constitutes the university: the faculty. students, alumni and staff, but that the legally responsible governing bodies of the corporation may be defined separately. 7. The idea of a broadly-based assembly as exists in some universities, normally composed of 100-200 members representing both the university and society-atlarge and meeting once each year to receive the general report of the university, was not considered to warrant introduction at this university at this time and the subject was not pursued in detail. 8. The committee, having chosen to recommend an interacting two-tiered system as the basic governing structure, considered the further question relating to the operation and responsibilities of the senate. There was agreement that changes were in order regarding the academic self-government represented by senate, its faculty councils and its committees. It is this governing structure -with the university which, even at present, is responsible for decisions regarding the regularions, concepts and policies of the total academic process. A large portion of the general student concern for involvement in the educational policy of the universityin the curricula and courses of instruction, the examination policies and degree requirements-is thus related to faculty councils and senate. It was noted that changes in these aspects of the academic process do not depend on a new university act but may be pursued under existing powers. The Board of governors and the administration have essentially nothing to do with these decisions. A subcommittee, with power to add, was appointed to examine the question of responsibilities and interrelationships of the senate, faculty councils and their committees. The committee had originally hoped to be able to incorporate some guidelines and recommendations in this report. However the subject could not be dealt with in the time available and it was urged that a separate study be undertaken. 9. Openness at meetings of governing bodies and other major coun&ls and committees is one of the concepts urged by student representatives. The concept, while part of the total view of the principles of un-

iversity government, involves questions which are applicable to any structure of government and do not depend on the particular choice of one or two-tiered forms. Openness of meetings, in the simplest form, means that all deliberations are totally public and any member of the university community, including the press, has access to the proceedings. A debate on this question was scheduled by the committee for May 30, 1968 but could not be held since attendance was too low. A separate meeting in September or October 1968 had to be scheduled. 10. A drafting subcommittee to prepare this report was appointed March 18, 1968, after the committee had made a major decision on the basic structure of government to be recommended. The major questions, i.e. the structure and composition of governing bodies, and the terms and procedures for appointment to academic administrative offices, have been dealt with. It is urged that the present report incorporating these aspects of the committee’s work be presented to the university at this time, with recommendations to pursue the related questions such as internal operations of senate, councils etc. and openness, in a second phase of the task. The chairman and other members of the committee have sensed a desire among committee members to complete the present phase of the task and allow for a new, or re-formed, committee to continue. Several members have already, for a variety of reasons, found it impossible to continue and some ex-officio representatives will be replaced in the normal course of events.

Recommendations The recommendations of the committee on the study of university government fall into two major categories: A-Structure of university government B-Academic administrative appointments No attempt was made to formulate a revised university act, nor to consider many of the details of expression in such an act, but these recommendations express the committee’s views on the basis for such revision. A-Structure of university government It is recommended that, A-l: The university retain the present two-tiered structure of government consisting of a board and a senate but modified in composition and responsibilities as in recommendations A-2, A-3, A-4, A-5 set out below. A-2 : Composition of board The board should remain predominantly composed of members of the community external to the university, representing a wide range of interest but both faculty and student members of the university should acquire representation, as follows: faculty 5 students 2 president of the university 1 external community members 28 Total ,36 A-3: Selection of faculty and student members of board Faculty members of the board should hold full(a) time tenured professorial appointments in the university (professor, associate professor, assistant professor), be members of the senate at the time of selection for board membership, and should be elected by senate by a procedure to be determined by senate. (Note: The e 1ec t’ ion of an academic senator to the board shall not preclude his fulfilling the unexpired portion of his term on senate. It is felt desirable that academic members elected to the board should have at some time served at least one year on the senate.) Student members of the board must be duly reg(W istered students in the university. One student member should be an undergraduate and one a graduate student. Students should be elected by the undergraduate and graduate student bodies respectively in an election procedure to be determined by the Federation of Students. (Note: The normal term of office for board members is three years. In the’ case of student membership difficulties may arise and further clarification may be required. ) A-4: Composition of senate As an initial change, the present senate composi(a) (Section

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“It should form the base: for continuing discussions, this is not the,end but only a beginning).”

Dr. Ted Batke, administration vicepresiden t . . ..I...............................=--.-.----.

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tion should he modified,as follows: (i) add eight faculty members by increasing each faculty’s representation to six (arts, science, engineering and mathematics) ; (ii) add three board members, for a- total of four when including the present senate membership of the borad chairman ; the vicechancellor (president) is not counted in these totals. (iii) add six students, four undergraduates and two graduates to be elected by the student body in a fashion parallel to that suggested for election to the . board; (iv) reduce by four the present highschool principal representation of six, leaving two; ’ (v) reduce by thirteen the- present alumni representation of fifteen, leaving two. (Note: These changes leave the senate essentially with ’ its present numbers (about 56) but introduce student and board representation, increase faculty representation and reduce substantially the external representation of highschool principals and alumni. ) (b) As a Eater change, the modified senate described in -(a) should consider a. basic change in its scale to a total voting number of about 30-35, composed roughly as fOhOWS< Facfltv . 20 board memtxr’s’ ‘. 1 * .’ .* ‘. ‘. ’ 1 1 ’ .’ .* 1 1 * .’ .’ 3 4 student members ‘president, deans and other administrative offices 7 35 total Other members, non-voting, but with full privileges of the floor to be added as desirable. (Note: The board and senate recommended. above could have a total of ten members in common-: prer silent, board chairman,. three other board members, five faculty members of senate. Hence the term interconnected two-tier structure. ) A-5: The responsibilities of thesenate should be re&&ned so as to extend, its control over matters of academic concern which are presently delegated to the board alone. For instance, it is proposed that the senate should consider and transmit recommendations to the Board concerning: (a,) #academic administrative appointments (see part IQ,. (b) promotions and granting of tenure to faculty . . members, (c) the. fiscal implication of changes in academic programs or new proposals for academic programs. A-6: Within a period not exceeding five years from the date of acting on this report by the board and senate, the board and senate should jointly appoint a committee to again review and make recommendations on the structures of government of the university and its -processes of decision-making in a manner and with terms of reference similar to this committee. B-Terms sand appointment procedures for academic administrative offices It is recommended that for appointment to the office of academic department chairman, dean of a faculty, dean of graduate studies, director of a school, associate dean, academic vicepresident, president, the following apply : B-l : Academic department chairman (i) Nominating committee When nominations for the chairmanship of a department are required, as through , notice of resignation, death or the end of ’ term of office of an incumbent, a nominating committee shall be formed consisting’ of six members chosen as follows: . (a) Three full-time members‘ of the department, of . professorial rank,’ ie., professor, associate professor, assistant professor ; (b) One faculty ,member from another ‘department, selected by the academic vicepresident in consultation withthe dean of the faculty; (c) The dean of the faculty, who either shall be chairman of the committee or shall select a member of the committee to be the chairman;, (d) The academic vicepresident, or his delegate. The nominating committee shall normally be appointed ’ no later than one full calendar year prior to the end of the term of office of the incumbent. (ii) Terms of reference (a) The nominating committee shall‘ be charged with the responsibility for the initial selection of suitable 4

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candidates. It shall invite nominatiions, screen candidates, and shall select the candidate it regards as most suitable for the position, and shall submit its recommendation for the appointment of that candi- ’ date to the department. If the committee feels that two or more of the candidates are equally well qualified, however, it may choose to submit the choice between these to the members of the department. (b) Every member of .the department will then’ have the opportunity to indicate the acceptability of the candidate to him or his choice among candidates in a secret, mail ballot which shall be returned to the mominating committee. (c) If the results of the ballot indicate that the recommended candidate is not generally acceptable to the members of the department, the nominating committee shall resume its screening activities. If the departmerit members generally approve the recommended candidate, the recommendation shall be sent forward to the president for transmission to- the senate and the board of governors. (Note: If, in the opinion of the dean of the faculty and the academic vicepresident,. the department is in such a state that reasonable doubt arises concerning the capacity of the majority of the members of the department to render a judgment in the selection of a chairmanwhich reflects a mature and experienced scholarly perspective, a procedure of selection alternative to the one cited above shall be employed. In such cases, the precise procedure employed shall be at the discretion of the dean of the faculty and the academic vicepresident, the department is in such a state that reasonable doubt arises concerning the capacity of the majority of the members of the department to render a judgment in the selection of a chairman which reflects a mature and experienced scholarly perspective, a procedure of selection alternative to the one cited above shall be employed. In such cases; the sprecise procedure employed shall be at the .discretion of the dean of the j faculty and the academic vicepresident, involving a kind and degree of consultation. with members of the department that is appropriate to the circumstances -of that department. It is expected that the circumstances which would warrant the resort to such extraordinary procedures will occur only rarely. ) (iii) Term of office The term of office of departmental chairmen shall be three years, renewable without limit. (See special note, B-8). B-2 : Dean of a faculty (i) Nominating committee When nominations for the deanship of a faculty are required, as through notice of resignation, death or the end of term of office of an incumbent, a nominating committee shall be established by the president, composed of seven members selected as follows: (a) the academic vicepresident, who shall be chairman; (b) one senior faculty member from outside the faculty concerned, selected by the academic vicepresident; (c) five members from the faculty concerned, who must be full-time members of associate or full-professorial rank, elected by members of the faculty council by a procedure to be determined by that council. . (ii) Terms of reference (a) The nominating committee shall, invite nominations, screen candidates and ’ shall recommend, one candidate deemed suitable for the position; (b) Every member of the faculty will then have the opportunity to indicate the‘ acceptability of the candidate being’ recommended, in a secret poll, conducted by mail, which shall be returned to the nominating committee ; ’ generally approve of . the (c) If facult y members recommended candidate, the recommendation shall be formally submitted to the president for transmission to-the senate and board of governors. If the results of the poll indicate that the recommended candidate is not generally acceptable to the members of the faculty, the nominating committee shall resume its screening activities; (d) It is understood that the chairman and members of the nominating committee may ‘consult with any persons within or outside the university, and devise detailed procedures deemed suitable, in the individual situation. .-

(iii( Term of office The initial term of office for a dean of a faculty shall be/ five years and subsequent terms shall be three years, renewable without limit. (See special note, B-8.) B-3: Dean of graduate studies The committee endorses the recommendation of the senate committee on graduate studies, approved by senate in April, 1963; for the selection of a dean of graduate studies, as specified below. . (Note: Graduate studies at/ the university of Waterloo are not carried on under a separate faculty) (i) Nominating committee ‘When nominations for the deanship of graduate studies are required as through notice of resignation, death, or the end of term of office of an incumbent, a nominating committee shall be established with the following membership : (a) the academic vicepresident (b) the faculty deans (c) the university graduate council. (ii) Term of office The term of office for a dean of graduate studies shall, be five years. B-4: Director of a school (or similar head of an academic unit) As far as possible, the terms and procedures for appointing a director of a school (or similar _position) should correspond to those for the appointment of a dean of a faculty. B-5: Associate or assistant dean Associate or assistant deans shall be appointed by the , dean in consultation with the chairmen of the &partments of the faculty concerned and shall serve .at the pleasure of the dean, subject to annual review. B-6 : Academic vicepresident ’The academic vicepresident shall be appointed by the president in consultation with an ad-hoc committee consisting of the dean and one member. from each faculty chosen by a procedure determined by that faculty. The academic vicepresident shall serve,at the pleasure of the president. The initial term of office for the academic vicepresident shall be five years and subsequent terms shall be three years, renewable without limit. (See special note B-8). B-7 President When nominations for the president of the university -are required as through notice oft retirement, resignation, death or the end of term of office of an incumbent, a search committee shall be formed, composed of members selected as follows: (i) Search committee ~ (a) The chairman and one other member of- the board of governors; the chairman of the board shall act to convene the search committee and serve as its chair‘I. aman ; (b) One faculty member elected by and from each of the councils of the faculties of the universityi “’ .- ’ (c) One student representative eledted ‘by the student . . ‘\ i council. _.r . _, ’ 2. 2 (ii) Terms of reference The search committee shall ‘invite ~nominations~ in; . terview and evaluate candidates, and’ recommend ‘to ‘j the senate the most suitable candid&e. ‘The ‘per&& shall then act on the -recommkriaa’t;idn;‘,to’i3ndb;~~e~ it’ and forward it’ to the board of \governors or to reject X it and return the matter to the search committee: When the recommendation ‘has, “been al?pi%ved’;bY . senate, the board of governors &all’-then &t%$on~ the ,recommendation. If’ the board rejects therecom~; mend&ion it shall return’ the’ matter- to %‘ie search committee and shall‘io ihfo& the s&afe: ‘. r~;“s 7”’ : ‘,sie,v (I ;’ (iii) Term of Office -The term of ‘office’of the president of’the%iniveisity shall be six years, renewable wyithout limit.. ‘I- ’ ’ ‘L” /r B--8 Special note . . ‘! ’ ; _ i,,, ,‘;:..I ; :’ ‘1 In the appointment of president;i academicvicepfe’ sident, dean and departmental chairman “there .‘ ‘shall be only one selection procedure, to’ be-employed in,’ all cases. That is, the committee deliberately rejected‘ the idea of having a more infor,mal, procedure employed in the instance of a renewal of term for an incumbent. The committee thought it best to avoid any formal arrangement which would . generate any particuiar presumptions for or against an incumbent succeeding himself in the office. Any presumption in favor of such succession will tend to impede graceful exit from the /’

“We’ve had. perhaps less trouble with it than other universities.”

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office in cases where such exit is highly desirable but wherein the incumbent does not recognize that desirability.

Discussion Several of the main themes considered by the committee are discussed in this section in the hope that such discussion will clarify the basic positions on which the recommendations rest. While the points of view expressed are not shared in detail by all members of the committee, it is felt that generally they characterize a majority opinion as expressed, or implied, in the committee’s deliberations. The discussion is presented under several headings: 1. Definition of the university and its members 2. Faculty participation in university government 3. Student participation in university government 4. Structure of university government 5. Academic administrative appointments 1. Definition of the university and its members For purposes of casual discourse concerning the various affairs of the particular institution of higher learning with which we are affiliated, there appears to be little need to define precisely who or what we mean by our references to the university as a whole. A meticulous concern with formal definition does not even appear to be absolutely required in the context of discussions of the governing structure of the institution, since such discussions must focus on the respective responsibilities and authority of the particular components of the institution. What indispensable in this context is the tendency of some persons to assume that every person who may be construed to be a member of the univesity has thereby an automatic right to participate in some meaningful way in the governing of the institution. However sympathetic one might tend to be toward such an equation of membership and the privilege of participation in the making of authoritative decisions, it does not appear that such an assumed equation can provide us with a simple solution to the complex question of who should participate in what ways and to what extent in the direction of the activities of the institution. Membership in the university can be construed in a variety of ways, thereby encompassing larger or smaller constellations of groups having various continuing relationships to the institution and its various activities. Shall we then be undiscriminating and inclusive in our definition of the university or shall we attempt to distinguish between more and less essential activities and relationships ? The answer to this question must surely depend on the answer to the further question as to the purposes which our definition is meant to serve. If we assume that it will play a central role in defining the governing structure and identifying its participants, our answer to the initial question may well differ from what it would be if we were to assume it is only concerned with the fixing of legal responsibility or liability in the case of commercial contracts between the institution and other agencies. That is to say, it may be necessary and appropriate to employ different definitions of the university in different contexts. It may appear all too obvious when stated but it is worth emphasizing that to make the implicit double (1) that all who are members of the uniassumptionversity must necessarily share in the governing of the institution and (2) that there is only one legitimate and perfect definition of the University-is to ensnare oneself in a semantic trap in which faulty logic threatens to displace reasoned judgment on the question, who should participate in what kinds of decisions and how? The discussions of the committee on university government revealed several possible definitions of the university and its membership, ranging from the narrow existing legal definition which serves the purpose of fixing corporate financial responsibility to a suggested comprehensive definition which would include members of the board of governors, the senate, administrative faculty, student and other officers and employees, employees. Whatever might be said on behalf of this latter, broad definition for other possible purposes, it was not found to have any supporters on the committee insofar as the determination of participation in university government was concerned. It was not advocated, for example, that clerical, secretarial or custodial employees have direct representation on the university’s governing bodies.

. _

•~-~*~.~-.-~-

•.-.-~-.-~.~-~-.~.-.-

...

.........

Heasly, -.

board

member

................................

.........

-.-...-...‘.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-

.........................................................................................................

The committee’s discussions revolved primarily around two possible definitions of the university-as a legally and financially responsible corporate body and as a community of scholars. (a) Legal corporation The University of Waterloo Act of 1959 identifies the university as a body corporate and defines the body corporate as the board of governors. The board is therefore vested with the legal and financial powers and responsibilities of the institution. That is not to say, however, that the act invests the board with all of the The act powers of authoritative decision-making. also specifies a senate and confers upon its responsibility for the educational policy of the institution. Whatever may be the adequacy of this definition for purposes of fixing the legal and financial responsibility of agents who may represent the institution in financial and other contractual relations, it was thought by the committee to be inadequate as a guide in determining the appropriate basic structure for the university’s system of government. There was an extended discussion of the proprieties of altering the act’s definition of the corporate body, but no decision to recommend such a change in the act was finally made. In opposition to any such change, it was argued that a broader and more inclusive definition of the corporate body would seriously complicate the university’s legal and financial relations with other parties. (b) Community of scholars This concept was strongly favored by the faculy and student representatives on the committee and came to be generally accepted as providing an appropriate orientation to our considerations on university government. The committee did not endorse (or consider endorsing) any specific description or account of the concept; but its recommendations concerning faculty and student representation on the governing bodies of the university are clearly inspired by some such conception. At the very least the notion of a community of scholars identifies scholarly activity as the essential purpose of the university and stresses its paramount importance. It asserts that all other activities in the university are subordinate to, or in the service of, scholarship. It implies that the conveniences of scholarship mu& take precedence over administrative and other conveniences, although it may admit that there ‘are some human values which should not be sacrificed in the cause of scholarly pursuits. It is doubtful that one could properly argue that a particular choice as to the form of university government follows simply as a necessary implication of this conception of the university as a community of scholars. However, a specific direction is suggested if one adds to this notion the limitations on experience, perspective, and judgment imposed by one’s particular position in an institution; the difficulty of keeping. the essential in mind in responding to each day’s secondary but pressing needs: and the ease. with which suspicion follows ignorance where one group makes the decisions and other groups must guess the reasons. In its recommendations the committee has sought to provide a structural assurance that the experience, perspective and judgment of all those engaged in scholarly activity in this university will have adequate means of expression and influence in its governing bodies by the inclusion of faculty and student representatives in sufficient number to insure that the scholar’s perspective will attain a proper degree of influence or predominance. This extension of the right of participation to the student body and the increased weight of faculty representation may not provide any guarantee that the essential will always be given proper precedence over the secondary in the decisions of the governing bodies of the university, but it is calculated to minimize the incidence of decisions which hinder more than help the university in its pursuit of its prime purpose. And it is expected that broader participation in the university government will result in better internal communication, an enrichment of the perspective of all participating groups and a consequent reduction in the level of mutual suspicions. To return to the problem of definition of the university, if we assume that all of the members (and only the members) of the university participate in the governing bodies of the university, then the implication of

the committee’s recommendations is that the university is a community of scholars whose membership consists of the faculty, the student body, the higher administrative officers and representatives of the wider society. Lower-ranking administrative personnel and clerical, technical and custodial personnel are then merely employees of the university; they are not members in the crucial sense. Again it should be stressed that the committee found the question of definition of the university and its membership to be a rather artificial problem and in the end elected to resolve it indirectly rather than directly. That is to say, that the committee found it more fruitful to go directly to the question of the who, the how and the why of participation in the government of the institution and its activities, rather than to dwell on the more abstract and formalistic question of membership in the university per se. 2. Faculty participation in university government The publication cf the Duff-Berdahl report in 1966 made clear that there has been developing in recent years a growing discontent among the faculty of Canadian universities with regard to the existing and traditional machinery for decision-ma king. Procedures which had appeared suitable to earlier generations ‘of scholars are now seen to be too autocratic and exclusive in the contemporary setting. No doubt this is due as much or more to the changed setting as it is a result of the inherent character of the traditional institutional procedures. Any relatively sophisticated observer of decisionmaking processes is aware that democratic substance may be achieved without democratic formalities, on the other hand, are not a guarantee of democratic substance. In the relatively stable and placid atmosphere of North American university campuses prior to World War II, the pace of decision-making’ in keeping with the rate of change, was relatively slow. This, plus the limited size of most universities, facilitated a variety of forms of informal consultation and communication which effectively took the hard edge off the rather autocratic or oligarchic formal processes of decision-registering. This softening effect of informal consultation based on mutual respect and friendship has been lost in significant measure with the increased tempo of change and growth in size in the university communities during the last two decades. It is not that academics respect each other less or have lost the meaning of friendship. But now there are too many decisions to be made on a variety of levels; there are too many changing faces in the communriy, and there is too little time to cultivate close friendship with so many so fast. Thus; the old machinery serves us less well than it did in the past. In the past one could perhaps with assurance rely on the informalities associated with the system to demonstrate to each member of the faculty that he was a respected member of the community, whose opinions on pending questions affecting the university community were of importance and of some weight in the outcome of the decision. Under contemporary conditions of large size and rapid change, the informalities can no longer perform this service effectively. The committee on university government did not attempt to develop any kind of authoritative statement of principle to guide our considerations of faculty participation in particular contexts. It did not usually prove to be necessary for the committee to engage in extended discussions of the merits and demerits of proposals to establish or increase faculty representation on various decision-making bodies. Agreement in principle on the necessity and propriety of strengthening ‘the . voice of the faculty in the government of the university appeared to be universal and spontaneous, although there was at times disagreement over the particular terms of application of the principle in specific contexts. The only apparent limiting factor on the amount of representation committee members were willing to grant to faculty derived from considerations of the optimum or maximum size for the body in question and the need to include representatives of other affected groups or agents as well. It should be noted that while there were occasional references to alleged rights of participation of one or another group within the university community, the more common style of discussion within the committee was in terms of the probable competence of the prospective (Section

2) Friday,

October

18, 7968 (9:20)

317

“The report is a failure it ignores the prerequisit discussiGn of structures-the ose of the university.”

because to any, purp.

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participants in decision-making in the particular case. That is to say, that claims to participate were normally questioned and defended in terms of the likely ability of the prospective participant representatives to bring to bear on the matters to be decided, personal or collective experience and judgment necessary to intelligent and informed.decision by the body in question. Faculty spokesmen on the committee were insistent that the faculty voice be the dominant voice in the system’ of government as a whole. This claim was based ’ on an .underlying implicit claim of the superior but not exclusive relevance of the collective experience and professional training of the faculty considered in ‘relation to the aims and purposes of the university. Student spokesmen argued their case on much the same grounds. And, while the members of the committee did not all agree as to the specific conclusions and recommendations to be drawn from such arguments, there was no disposition to attempt to repudiate the basic argument itselfin the two cases. Members of, the committee were also inclined to accept without argument the necessity for conceiving faculty representation on general university bodies in terms of the established subdivisions of the faculty. ,This no doubt refleqts a common understanding that the particular aims, interests and experiences vary from one faculty to another, and that the broadest perspective and understanding will most probably be collectively attained if faculty representation is structured so as to assure the presenite of a diversified group which includes artsmen, mathematicians, scientists and engin. eers, as well as others representing still further domains of experience in the university community. 3. Student participation in university government The same basic considerations which may be cited in support of an increase in the amount of faculty participation in the formal decision-making processes of the university are relevent to a judgment of the appro<.. priate role of students in the government of the univer-.’ ..‘“. .sity. +&The recent vast increase in the size of the typical .‘&orth American university has been accompanied by a proliferation of academic programs and corresponding administrative divisions. At one level or another these undergraduate, graduate and professional programs tend to come into competition with each- other for financial support and for the attention and dedicated concern of the faculty and those upon whom they must rely for support. Decisions must be made in great num-bsr which pay due regard to unavoidable financial and administrative realities as well as desirable teaching and research objectives. But the financial, the administrative, the teaching and the research necessities and conveniences often point in conflicting directions, and the criterion of due regard is subject to conflicting interpretations. There is a continuing danger that wishful thinking will serve in lieu of accurate information when considerations of personal interest intrude upon the consideration of broader institutional and societal interests. And the assessment of the effectiveness of the efforts devoted to new programs and to new ways of treating old programs is rendered difficult by impediments to communication resulting from increased num-bers of students and the greater burden of committee work and other activities which beset most faculty members today. ’ , The new conditions of academic life call into question the adequacy of traditional procedures of formal decision-making, not only from the standpoint of the need to elicit, articulate and make use of faculty experience, but from the standpoint of the relevance of student experience in a prop”; evaluation of teaching programs; and perhaps few who’ are closely familiar with our institutions of higher learning would contend that the existing machinery of decision-making provides sufficient means to elicit and articulate that experience in a comprehensive and assured manner. There was certainly no disposition on the part of. members of the committee on university government to dispute these basic propositions. As was perhaps to be expected, there was disagreement among committee members as to the .kind and the amount of student participation thought to be desirable in each of the university’s various decision-making boddies. In this, as in other areas of consideration, the committee avoided any attempt to develop an abstract general theory or formula designed to guide our judg6

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318 The CHEVRON

(Section

ment in particular instances. It appeared to be a good deal easier for the members to agree on the disposition of concrete cases than to agree on statements concerning. the abstract principles thought to be embodied in the agreement. It is fair to say that, by implication, the committee has based its recommendations for student participation on the notion of consultation and cooperation rather than a belief in an ostensible need for student power On the other hand, there was no-attempt to create distinctions of membership on decision-making bodies through differential privileges of membership. Thus, in according voting and other rights of membership to student representatives and other members on equal terms, the committee was more concerned with the principle of avoiding invidious distinctions which might impede effective participation, than it was concerned with the question of student power per se. The committee’s recommendations imply a clear recognition of the relevance of student experience and aspirations in the assessment of academic program, and a further recognition of the need to provide for a direct expression of such experience and aspirations in the formal processes of decision-making on a wide range of matters. And the ready agreement of members of the committee to proposals to include student representatives on, for example, committees engaged in the selection of the president of the university indicates that the committee was not disposed to adopt a narrow conception of the range of matters with regard to which student experience and perspectives were %thought to be relevant. Since the committee avoided any attempt to contrive a comprehensive formula concerning the full range of passible and desirable student participation in authoritative decision-making within the university, it should be clearly _understood that the recommendations of section three do not deal with all of the areas and levels of decision-making which might benefit from the jnclusion of student representatives. Structure of university government No single item under its consideration appeared to the committee as crucial, nor generated as much frank debate as the recommendation for the ultimate governing body or bodies to be incorporated in a revised act. In- essence, two basic kinds of governing structure were considered: a single, unitary body and a two-tiered organization. The present board and senate comprise a two-tiered structure, with the senate regarded as the final authority on academic questions and the board responsible for the financial and managerial operations, including final authority for all university appointments. Under the present act, the only formal links between these bodies are (he president, the chancellor and the chairman of the board, who are full members of both bodies. De facto, only the president has attended meetings of both bodies, and has thereby provided the solitary formal link between them. The committee had received two briefs containing recommendations on the ultimate governing structure: The Federation of Students had essentially advocated a onetier organization, while the Faculty Association had recommended retention of the ‘two-tiered’ structure but with the compositionof each body appreciably modified. The recommendations from the two briefs are summarized in appendix 3. The two proposals were discussed _ and debated throughout several meetings of’ the committee, and then referred to a subcommittee for further analysis and recommendation. The subcommittee emerged with two proposals designated A and B, and itself endorsed the latter. In brief, proposal A advocated. retention of a board and senate as separate bodies, but with significantly-altered membership and responsibilities. Five faculty members and two students were to be seated on an otherwise predominantly lay board. The senate was to be made up mainly of faculty members but to include four students and four board members, and token representation from alumni and highschool principals. Proposal B, on the other hand, recommended a single academic governing body, to be called the senate and composed principally of internal members of the university. Thus it was to be made up of 15 ex-officio administrative officers of the university (mostly non-voting) 16 faculty members and four students, and 5 representingalumni and the outside community. Along with this body there was to be created aancil of visitors, consisting of about 24 members of

whose role was seen as reviewing, 4. the * community, advising, helping or protecting the self-governing Zu& versity as its patrons, without however enjoying the carp- 4 orates governing powers presently held by the board. The discussion of the subcommittee’s report, and of. the whole topic of the university% governing structure revealed that no one was satisfied with the present ari rangement of two mutually-exclusive bodieswith limited’ areas of responsibility. No one could seriously suph port the notion that academic and ‘fiscal !&&ions <can be taken in isolation from one another. .Accordingly,‘either of the proposals just o&lined was seen to offer an improvement over the. present organization of governing’ responsibility. After a full exchange of views the committee gave its support to proposal A of the subcommittee. report, namely an interconnected twoitiered stru&ure. r There was evidence throughout the’ discussion preceding this decision that, while complete self-govern* ment was a thoroughly desirable objective toward whi6h the universities might strive, its attainment through the’ immediate adoption of proposal B might’ be premature and not in the best interest of the university at this time-. It had been stated, for instance, that the role of the.board had ‘become largely outmoded through the’ almost complete government financing of the university and the concomitant control and regulation of its operating and capital expenditures. This is tantamount to saying that in Ontario the real board of governors has become the department of university affairs and its advisory committee. The crucial question then becomes: who speaks to the government on behalf of the university? The view which prevailed in the committee was that the government (which is clearly’ subject to a great many conflicting pressures for the bestowing of public - money), was perhaps more apt to be influenced toward the support of the universities, their material needs and their desire for non-interference in their affairs, by a group of respected laymen than by a group of academics. This is based on a pragmatic, bu’t entirely valid, assessment of the contemporary relations between universities and governments (and ultimately society) at a time when the former derive in excess of 80 percent of their revenue from the latter. The notion of an interconnected two-tiered structure for the government of the university; which forms the central and most significant recommendation of the committee, can only succeed, however, if there is a distinct interpenetration of the areas of interest of each body to become fully committed to the responsibilities they ‘assume with such membership. Academic members of a board will have to become more knowledgeable in many instances with the complete financial operation of the University. Lay-members appointed by the board to the senate will have to acquire a greater knowledge of the academic operations .and aspirations of the university. There will only be strong, informed policy-making in the university if this total involvement of the members of both governing bodies is achieved, and if the two bodies through increased cross-representation become intimately aware of each other’s area of concern. It was because of a feared lack of this sense of commitment that many members ‘of the committee expressed skepticism concerning the effective role of the proposed council of visitors. A final suggestion, originating in the writing committee, is added for consideration. Given a two-tiered structure as advocated here, would it be more descriptive of . its role and perhaps less subject to misunderstanding, if the board became known as the board of trustees, rather than board of governors? 5. . Academic administrative appointments In contrast to the wide dievergence of views ex-X pressed in discussions of the structure of governing bodies, the question of the manner of appointment and terms for the chief academic administrative offices was approached with a fairly wide consensus on the major issues. The practice of appointing department chairmen and deans of faculties for definite terms of several years, usually about three to six, has become quite common in many universities. At Waterloo the practice began about four years ago on an ad-hoc basis in several departments, and deans are now serving for periods of three to five years. However, the university had not formally adopted a general policy on appointments. The committee’s present recommendations constitute a basis for such a policy.

recommendations “The report’s provide a basis for improved govbut goodwill erning structure can not be legislated.”

****************

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Trevor Boyes, Registrar .

In an earlier era, presidents, deans and department chairmen were often appointed to their respective positions rather late in their careers. Thus the general principle of replacement at reasonable frequency operated naturally. In more recent times younger members of the university have assumed such offices and in a rapidlychanging educational environment the prospect of individuals holding such appointments indefinitelyfor up to thirty years-has had little support. Term appointmentsallow for a regular renewal of fresh approaches to academic problems. The most suitable length of term for the various positions will be found only with extended experience. The committee’s recommendations allow for renewal of terms of office and in this way introduce some flexibility. The details of appointment procedures were considered at great length by members of the committee. Some would propose a simple, open election of a leader by the respective constituencies involved. Others would rather see a president or dean make all appointments responsible to him with whatever consultation he may choose to employ. The committee’s recommendations provide for a fairly representative search or nominating committee which is given the initial responsibility to select a candidate and then to require endorsement of the selection by the wider constituency before a final recommendation is made. It is recognized that some details of the recommended procedure will require further clarification as future experience may dictate, but on the whole it is felt that the present recommendations embody principles which will serve to elicit outstanding candidates for leadership in the university and assure a wide participation in the final choice. The university can legislate for the possibility of wisdom-but not for wisdom itself.

Conclusions The committee has endeavoured

to bring forward a clear set of recommendations regarding the basic framework of the highest level governing structure. It has, however, only begun to deal with questions of substructure government and decision-making processes involving the senate and its faculty and school councils as well as the various administrative councils that now exist. It is recognized that the committee’s work thus far constitutes only a first, but distinct, phase of the task. However the present report is considered sufficiently self-contained to warrant the forwarding of specific recommendations for changes in the university’s act and in the terms and mode of appointment for the chief academic offices. Thus, acceptance of the present recommendations implies: (a) that a small group should begin to formulate a detailed legal revision of the university act, for final consideration by the university; (b) that a further study of decision-making procedures within the university and procedures for appointment to non-academic administrative offices should be carried on. It is fair to say the present committee has chosen, by selecting in essence proposal A of its subcommittee’s report, to recommend a path of gradual change-in some ways beyond the position of the Duff-Berdahl report, but within its general spirit of reform. The wisdom of this choice seemed attractive compared to the untried patterns of the more radical reconstruction represented by the one-tiered self-government” of proposal B recommended by the subcommittee. Some members of the committee would undoubtedly wish to see much more change, even at the present time, by urging the university to adopt a one-tiered form of government composed predominantly of internal academics. The committee is not opposed in principle to such a position as an eventual goal and indeed sees the position as a possible outcome of the national debate. The majority of the committee, however, sees in gradual change a distinct advantage which allows for the strengthening of new relationships and a period of apprenticeship in more extensive communication and understanding for all members of the university community. The final judgment on the extent of change now to be undertaken in the governing structure of the university must remain with the present governing bodies: the board of governors and the senate. This report of the committee offers a study of the question, attempts to define the direction and range of the area of choice,

..*.........................

and recommends a specific course of action in the light of present circumstances. It is recognized that these circumstances are in the midst of change, and that many other universities in Canada, especially. the University of Toronto, are now engaged in a search for more appropriate forms of government. The decisions at Waterloo will not only affect the university’s internal processes but, it may be hoped, will contribute a significant example to the national debate. But more important even than the. formal structure of government finally adopted, is the spirit of a common intellectual purpose than can emerge from the transformation. A sense of mutual confidence, understanding and a genuine willingness to debate issues openly are the real goals to be achieved. It is on such fundamental values that the vitality and freedom of the academic community ultimately rest, and it is in this dimension of the nation-wide challenge that Waterloo can provide much-needed leadership. T.L. Batke, university-development, chairman of the University of Waterloo committee on the study of university government. C.T. Boyes, registrar, secretary of the committee. Oct. 15,1968

Appendix I Committee Membership Terms Of Reference 1.

Committee On The Study University Government:

And Of

The establishment of the Unlverslty of Waterloo committee on the study of university government was approved by senate in April 1966 on the recommendation of the senate committee on university academic organization, and approved by the board in October 1966. Terms of reference: (i) To be responsible for a general study of the Duff: Berdahl report. (ii) To report and bring forward proposals for any desirable reforms of the existing structure of government at the University of Waterloo. MEMBERSHIP: the president and vicechancellor, J.G. Hagey; the academic vicepresident, H.E. Petch; the university-development vicepresident and chairman, T. L. Batke; the operations vicepresident, A.K. Adlington; the student-affairs provost, W.G. Scott; the registrar and secretary, C.T. Boyes; members of the senate committee on university academic organization, J. R. Finn, St.. Jerome’s, A.W. Rees Renison, J.S. Minas, A.N. Sherbourne, D.A. Sprott, W.A.E. McBryde, A.D. Nelson, B.M.E. van der’ Hoff, G.E. Cross and H.B.N. Hynes; three representatives selected by and from the board of governors, H.J. Heasley, R.B. Marr and C.N. Weber; three additional faculty members appointed by senate, R.A. Aziz, L.L. Haworth, committee vicechairman, and K.A. MacKirdy; three student representatives, one of whom shall be a graduate student, S.P. Flott, B. Iler and S.W. Ireland and one member of the Faculty Association. G.F. Atkinson.

Steering

Commit

tee :

At the first meeting of the University of Waterloo committee on the study of university government held on October 11, 1966, a steering committee was appointed and charged with the following responsibilities: (a) to appoint a committee on resources and bibliogra-7 PhYi which will undertake the various aspects of the study in the most suitable manner; (c) to consider and make recommendations concerning the frequency of meetings of the study committee. MEMBERSHIP: T.L. Batke, chairman; C.T. Boyes, secretary; G.E. Cross, S.W. Ireland, R.B. Marr and A. N. Sherbourne. The steering committee at its first meeting on November 7, 1966 appointed three subcommittees with terms of reference and membership as follows:

Committee Studies-

Terms of reference: To produce a report

On Historical Waterloo: relative

to the aspects

. * * * * * l* * * * .. * * * .* . * * .* * * *l* * . * l* .

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of university

.-.-.-.‘.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-*-*-*-o-*-9

government at the University of Waterloo. MEMBERSHIP: A.D. Nelson and K.A.

MacKirdy.

Committee On Historical Studies-Canada, United States, United Kingdom :

Terms of reference: TO produce a report relative to the aspects of university government in Canada, United States and the United Kingdom. MEMBERSHIP: A.W. Rees and N.C. Lind.

Resources And Bibliography

Committee: Terms of reference: To collect, catalogue and distribute to the committee as a whole a master file of pertinent material. MEMBERSHIP: G.E. Cross, chairman, and S.W. Ireland. At meetings of the University of Waterloo committee on the study of university government held on November 20, 1967, December 11, 1967, and March 11, 1968, the following subcommittees were appointed, respectively:

Committee

On Appointments:

Terms of reference: To study the modes of appointment at the University of Waterloo. MEMBERSHIP: G.E. Cross, chairman, A.D. Nelson, secretary, L. Armour, H.J. Heasley and S. W. Ireland.

Committee Structure:

On Governing

Terms of reference: To prepare a paper on the structure Of University government for the University of Waterloo with particular emphasis on the question of single VS. two-tiered forms. MEMBERSHIP: T.L. Batke, chairman, AK. Adlington, s.p. Flott, H.B.N. Hynes, R.B. Marr, A.D. Nelson and B.M.E. van der Hoff.

Writing

Committee:

Terms of reference: To prepare the final draft of governm’ent. MEMBERSHIP: T.L. Batke, secretary, W.A.E. McBryde and 9. A further committee of power to add, was appointed committee as a- whole ‘held on forward a report on the mode of

Appendix SEPTEMBER

the report

chairman, C.T. Boyes, A.D. Nelson. one (J.S. Minas) with at the meeting of the March 18, 1968, to bring operation of senate.

II 5th, 1963

OFFICE CONSOLIDATION OF WATERLOO ACT INCORPORATING MADE TO DATE An act respecting

on university

UNIVERSITY OF AMENDMENTS

the University

of Waterloo Assented to March 5th, 1959 Whereas ‘Waterloo College Associate Faculties by its petition has represented that it was incorporated under the Corporations Act, 1953 by letters patent bearing date the 4th day of April, 1956, that it was granted certain additional powers by the Waterloo College Associate Faculties Act, 1958 and that it is affiliated with the University of Western Ontario through Waterloo College: and whereas the petitioner has prayed for special legislation changing its name to the University of Waterloo and granting to it university status and further additional powers; and whereas it is expedient to grant the prayer of- the petition ; Therefore, Her Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario, enacts as follows: Interpretation 1. In this act, (a) “affiliated college” means a college affiliated with the university ; (Set tion 2) Friday,

October

78, 1968 (9: 20)

3 79

’

(b) “board” means the board -of governors, the University of Waterloo ; (c) “college” includes a school or other institution \ of higher learning; (d) “federated college” means a university,or college federated with the university; (e) “property” includes all property, both real and personal ; ( f ) ’ ‘real property” includes messuages, lands, ten-’ ements, and hereditaments, whether corporeal or incorporeal, and any undivided share thereof and any estate or interest therein; means the senate of the university; Q?’ “senate” ( h) “university” means the University of Waterloo. 2. The corporation .of ^ Waterloo College ‘Associate Faculties is hereby continued as a body corporate with perpetual succession under the name of the University of Waterloo and, subject to the provisions of this act, shall have. hold, possess and enjoy all th,e property, rights. powers and privileges which it now has, holds, possesses or enjoys and subject to the provisions of this act, all bylaws, orders and regulations of the corporation now in force shall continue in force until amended or repealed. 3. The university shall ‘have university powers, including, (a 1 the power to establish and maintain such faculties, schools, institutes, departments and chairs as determined by the board, but the curricula of all courses of instruction shall be determined by the senate; and (bj the power to confer university degrees, honorary degrees and awards in any and all branches of learning. 4. The management and control of the university shall be non-denominational, and no religious test shall be required of any professor, lecturer, teacher, officer employee or servant, or of any student, of the university.

5. All proceedings by Lor against the university may be had and taken in the name of the University of Waterloo. The university shall have, in addition to the pow6. ers, rights and ‘privileges mentioned in section 27 of the Interpretation Act, power to purchase or otherwise acquire, take or receive, by deed, gift, bequest or devise, and to hold and enjoy-any estate or poperty whatsoever and to sell, grant, convey, mortgage, lease or otherwise dispose of the same or any part thereof from time to time and as occasion may require and to acquire other estate and property in addition thereto, or in the place thereof, without licence in mortmain and without limitation as to the period of holding. PROPERTY I 7. Ally.property hereafter granted. conveyed, devised or bequeathed to, or to any person in trust for or for the benefit of, the university or any faculty, school or . department operated by its board of governors or otherwise in connection therewith or to any person in trust for, or for the benefit of, Waterloo College Associate Faculties subject to any trusts affecting the same, shall be vested in the university. 8. Real property ‘vestedin the university shall not be liable to be entered upon, used or taken by any corporation, except a municipal corporation, or by any person possessing the right of taking real property compulsorily for any purpose and no power to expropriate real property hereafter conferred shall extend to such real property unless in the’act conferring the power it is made in express terms to apply th.ereto. 9:. All the property vested in the university shall, as far as the application thereto of any statute.of limitations is concerned, be deemed to have been and to be real property vested in the Crown for the public use of Ontario. 10. The property of the university shall be applied solely for the purposes of the university. 11. The funds of the university not immediately required for its purposes and the proceeds of all property lwhich comes to the hands of the board, subject to any trusts affecting the same, ‘may be invested and reinvested in such investments as to the board shall seem meet. c Board of governors 12. The board of governors of the university is hereby. constituted a body corporate by the name and style , of the board of governors, the University of Waterloo. 13. The board shall number thirty-six members in all . and shall consist of the following: (a) the president of the university, the chancellor of the university, the mayorof the city of Wat’ erloo. the mayor of the city of Kitchener. and the warden of Waterloo county, who shall be ex-officio members with full voting rights. (b) The present members of the board of Waterloo College Associate Faculties. (c 1 Two members appointed by the lieutenantgovernor in council. 14. Unless their election of appointment shall be otherwise. designated, the members of the board shall . hold office as follows: ‘t (a ) Of the members mentioned in clause b of section 13, namely, the present members of the board of Waterloo College Associate Faculties, one-third,. to be chosen by the 6

320 The CHEVRON

(Section

members of the board, shall hold office for one year after the incorporation of the university, one-third shall hold office for two years and the remaining one-third ’ shall hold office for three years. (b) The members of the board appointed by the lieutenant-governor in council shall each hold office for three years. (c) As the term of any member of the board expires, such member shall be eligible for re-appointmerit and, in the case of -such re-appointment, shall hold office until such time as his successor is elected or appointed. (d) Except as otherwise provided in this act, all ‘members of the Board shall be elected by the board. 15. Except as otherwise provided in this act, no principal or head of any of the academic units of the university or of any federated or affiliated college, or any member of the teaching or administrative staff of the university or of any federated or affiliated college, or any member of the staff, board, senate or governing body of any other degree-granting institution, shall be eligible for appointment or election as a member of the board. is. (1) If a member of the board, during his term of office, accepts or occupies any of the offices or positions mentioned in section 15 or becomes mentally incapacitated or otherwise incapable of acting as a member, he shall ipso facto vacate his office and it shall be the duty of the board by resolution to declare his membership vacant. (2) ‘If, within any fiscal year of the university, a member of the board, not having been granted leave of absence by the board, attends less than 50 per cent of the regular meetings of the board, the board may by resolution declare his membership vacant. (3) If within any fiscal year of the university, a member of the board,‘not having been granted leave of absence by the board, attends less than 25 per cent of the regular meetings of the board, he shall ipso facto vacate his office and it shall be the’duty of the board by resolution to declare his membership vacant. (4) A resolution passed under this section, entered in the minutes of the board, shall be conclusive evidence of the vacancy declared therein. 17.. Where a vacancy on the board occurs before the term of office for which a member had been appointed or elected has expired, the vacancy shall be filled in the same manner and by the same authority as the member whose membership is vacant was appointed or elected as the case may be, and the’member so appointed or elected shall hold office for the re.mainder of the term of office of the member whose membership is vacant. 18. (1) The board shall elect one of its members to be chairman and one of its members to be vicechairman and, in case of the absence or illness of the chairman or of there being a vacancy in the office of chairman, the vicechairman shall act las and have all’the power of the chairman. (2) In case’of the absence or illness of the chairman and of the vicechairman, the board may appoint one of its members to act as chairman pro tempore and the member so appointed shall act as and have all the powers of the chairman. 19. Ten members, not including ex-officio members, shall constitute a quorum of the board. 20. Notwithstanding any. vacancy, so long as there are at least ten members, not including ex-officio members, the board may exercise allor any of its powers. 21. The board shall have power to make regulations, (a) pertaining to the meetings of the board and its transactions, and (b) providing for the appointment of committees and for the conferring upon any such committees authority to act for the board with respect to any matter, but no decision of a ~ committee, which includes in its membership persons who are not members of the board, shall be valid and effective until ,approved and ratified by the board, unless the board so provides. 22. (1) Except in such matters as are assigned by this act to the senate, the government, conduct, management and control of the university and of its property, revenues,. business and the affairs thereof shall be vested in the board and the board shall (have all powers necessary or convenient to perform its duties and achieve the objects and purposes of the university and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, shall have power,. (a) to appoint and remove the president and vicepresidents, the heads and associate heads of the faculties and colleges other than federated or affiliated colleges of the university, the professors and other members of the teaching staff of the university, and to appoint and remove all other (officers, agents and servants of the university. duties. salaries and other (b) to fix the numbers, emoluments of all officers, agents and servants of the university; (c, to appoint an executive committee and such> other committees as it may deem advisable and to delegate to any such committee any / of its powers; (d) to borrow money for the purposes of the uni-

versity and to give security therefor on such terms and in such amounts as it may deem advisable ; (e) to make bylaws and regulations for the conduct of its affairs; and / (f) to provide for the federation or affiliation with the university of any college of higher learning and, in order to preserve the non-denominational control shall be affiliated or federated with the university at the same time and no college affiliated or federated with the university shall be affiliated with, or have affiliated with it, any other college, school or institute of higher learning without specific permission in writing-by the board. (2) The acceptance of any federated or affiliated college by- the university is subject to the approval of the boards of governors or trustees of the institutions then federated or affiliated with the university, and of the senate, but such consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. 22a (1) The board and the governing bodies of the federated and affiliated colleges shall, respectively, have disciplinary jurisdiction ‘over, and entire responsibility for, the regulation of the conduct of their students in respect of all matters arising or occurring in, or upon their respective buildings and grounds. (2) In all 0th er cases, with respect to all students of the university and the federated and affiliated colleges, disciplinary jurisdiction shall be vested in the board and the board, by action properly taken and recorded in its minutes or bylaws, may delegate to any governing body, officer or servant of the university or of any federated and affiliated college, as may be specified, its authority in any particular case. (3) The board shall determine the proper body~ to exercise jurisdiction in any matter of discipline that may arise wherein there is a question as to the proper body under which it should come, and the board’s decision in such matters is final. (4) Disciplinary jurisdiction includes the power to suspend, expel,. impose fines and recommend to the senate the withholding o.f degrees, diplomas, certificates or. academic standing. ’ 23. The board may modify, alter and change the constitution of any body or committee constituted or continued by this act, except the senate, and may create such new bodies or committees as may be deemed necessary for the purpose of carrying out the’ objects and provisions of this act and mav confer upon the bodies or committees constituted or continued by this act, or any of them, or on any new body or committee hereafter constituted, such powers as the board may see fit, but nothing herein shall author&e any abridgement or change in the powers conferred on the seqate by this act. 24. Except as otherwise provided in this act, the action of the board in any matter with which it may deal shall be by resolution or by bylaw as the board may determine but it shall not be essential to the validity of any such resolution or bylaw that it be under the corporate seal of the board if it is authenticated in the manner prescribed by the board. 25. (1) The accounts for the board shall be audited ’ at least once a year by an auditor or auditors appointed by the board. (2) The board shall make an annual financial report to the lieutenant-governor in council in such form as the lieutenant-governor in council may?equire. 26. If any question arises as to the powers or duties of the president and vicechancellor, vicepresident or of any officer or employee of the university, it shall be settled and determined by the board, whose decision shall be final. 27. All the powers over, in respect of, or in relation to, the unive.rsity, its properties, employees, personnel and students, which are not by the terms of this act directed to be exercised by any other -body, person or body of persons, are hereby, subject to the provisions of this act, vested in the board. 28. (1) There shall be a senate of the university composed as follows : (a) The foll owing shall be ex-officio members : ( i) the chancellor, (ii) the vicechancellor, (,iii) the academic vicepresident of the university, (iv) the principal or head of each federated or affiliated college, (v) the dean of each faculty or school of Xthe university, (vi) the academic dean of each federated college, (vii) the librarian, (viii) the chairman of the board, (ix); the registrar, . (x) the director of the university extension department. (b) The faculties and schools’ of the university shall have the following representation, ‘and the representatives shall be appointed by and from among the members of their respective faculty councils unless otherwise provided by the senate : (i) the faculty of arts, four members, (ii) the faculty of engineering, four members, (iii) the faculty of science, four members, (iv) the faculty of graduate studies, three members, ’ (v) any other faculty or school that may here-

“The study of; universi ty governbe a continuing ment must one, there can be no final -an+ wers. II

Allan Adlington, administration vicepresiden t . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*......**.*...*.........................~~~~*~~~-*-*-9-.-~-.-~-~-~.-.-.......................................................~~~...~~~..~~~~~~.~~*~~~~~~~~~~~ ..................-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. . . . . .................... . ..........*...................................................................*..........*...............*............................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*..........................=~................................................................................................ after be established within the university, which offers courses leading to a degree, two members. (c) The faculties of the federated and affiliated eolleges shall have the following representation, and the representatives shall be appointed by and from among the members of their respective faculties unless otherwise provided by the senate: (i) the faculty of each federated college, three members, (ii) the faculty of each affiliated college, one member for every five full-time faculty members, or for any major portion thereof, up to a maximum of three members. (d) Six representatives of the secondary schools in Ontario to be elected in the manner determined by the senate, two of whom sall represent the schools in the County of Waterloo. (d) Six representatives of the secondary schools in Ontario to be elected in the manner determined by the senate, two of whom shall represent the schools in the County of Waterloo. (e) The alumni of, (i) the university, one member for each gradduating class, up to a total of six, (ii) each federated college, three members, (iii) each affiliated college, two members. (2) The vicechancellor of the university shall be the chairman of the senate, and the academic vicepreident of the university shall be the vicechairman of the znate. 29. (1) The members of the senate, other than exofficio members, shall hold office for a term of three years and shall be eligible for re-appointment or reelection, as the case may be. (2) In the case of the first appointments made after the coming into force of this act and in the case of the first of any new appointments made pursuant to the provision of this act, such appointments or election shall be for terms of one, two or three years so spaced that as nearly as possible one-third come up for re-appointment or re-election each year. (3) In the case of each group or body having the power to elect or appoint members to the senate, where the number to be appointed or elected is not three or a multiple of three, the body appointing or electing a member or members of the senate shall adhere as closely to this system of election or appointment as is possible, having regard to the number to be appointed or elected by each of such bodies. 30. Members of the teaching or administrative staff of the university shall not be eligible for election by any of the graduate bodies. 31. Members of the teaching or administrative staff of any federated or affiliated college shall not be eligible for election by any of the graduate bodies. 32. No person shall be eligible for election or appointment as a member of the senate who is a member of a governing body or senate or faculty of any degreegranting university, college or institution of higher learning, other than the university and its federated or affiliated colleges. 33. If ‘an elebted or appointed member of the senate resigns, becomes mentally ixicapacitated or otherwise incapable df acting or becomes a member of the teaching or administrative staff of any of the bodies mentioned ‘in section 30 or 31, not being the body he has been appointed to represent, or accepts membership in any of the bodies’mentioned in section 32, not being the body which he has been appointed to represent he shall ipso facto vacate his office and a declaration of the existence of any vacancy entered in the minutes of the senate shall be conclusive evidence thereof. 34. Where a vacancy on the senate occurs before the term of office for which a member has been appointed or elected has expired, the vacancy shall be filled in the same manner and by the authority as the member whose membership is vacant was appointed or elected, shall hold office for the remainder of the term of office of the member whose membership is vacant. 35. The senate shall have the sole right to determine any question concerning the election of any elected

member of the senate or the right of any person to sit qr be or act as a member of the senate, and the decision of the senate in any such matter shall be final. 36. (1) The senate, (a) shall be responsible for the educational policy of the university; (b) may make recommendations to the board relative to the creation of faculties, schools, institutes, departments or chairs within the university ; (c) may recommend to the board the establishm-&of co-urses of instruction, (d) may confer degrees, diplomas and certificates in any subject -taught in the university or its federated or affiliated colleges; (e) may confer honorary degrees in any department of learning ; (f) may create faculty councils or committees and committees generally to exercise its powers; and (g) may enact statutes in regulating the matters in this section referred to. (2) The senate may confer honorary degrees in divinity without fees upon the recommendation of any theological college federated or affiliated with the university. (3) The qualifications of faculty members within the university and its federated or affiliated colleges shall be a concern of the senate. 37. (1) In addition to such other powers and duties, as are expressly mentioned in this act, the senate shall, (a) provde for the regulation and conduct of its proceedings, including the determination of a quorum necessary for the transaction of business ; (b! provide for the convening and conduct of such convocations as may be requisite for the purposes set out in section 36; (c) consider and recommend to the board, 0) the federation or affiliation of any college for teaching any branch of learning, provided, however, that, in order to preserve the non-denominational control shall be federated or affiliated with the university at the same time and no college federated or affiliated with the university shall be affiliated with, or have affiliated with it, any other college, school or institute of higher learning witmut specific permission in writing by board. (ii) the dissolvtion or suspension of any such federation or affiliation, or the modification or alteration of the terms thereof; (d) consider and determine, on the recommendations of the respective faculty and school councils, the courses of study in all faculties and schools ; (e) consider and determine, on the recommendations of the respective faculty and school councils, the conduct and results of examinations in all faculties and schools ; ( f j hear and determine appeals from the decisions of the faculty and school councils on applications and examiktions by students; (g) provide for representation on the senate of the graduates of any other faculty or school hereafter established in the university if, in the opinion of the senate, provision should be made separate representation of such graduates: (h) provide, if deemed necessary by the senate, for an executive committee which shall act in the name and on behalf of the senate between regular meetings of the senate whose constitution and powers shall be as the senate may from time to time determine. ( 2 ) If any college is federated or affiliated with the university and has the right to grant degrees, such right, except for degrees in theology; shall remain dormant during the time that such college remains federated or affiliated with the university. CHANCELLOR 38. (1) There shall be a chancetlor of the university who shall be elected by an electoral board consisting of,

(a) all members, except ex-officio members, of the board; and (b) representatives of the senate equal in number to the members of the board entitled to be members of the electoral board, such represematives to iiclude as ex-officio members, the vicechancellor, the vicepresident and the registrar, and the remainder to be chosen by the senate from among its members in such man. ner as it may determine (2) Twelve members of the electoral board. counting the vicechancellor, the vicepresident and the , registrar, if present, shall constitute a quorum. (3) No person shall occupy the office of chancellor unless he is a British subject. (4) No person shall occupy the office of chancellor who is a member of the teaching Staff or who is an employee of the university or of any federated or affiliated college or who is a member of the board or of the governing board of any federated or affiliated college. 39. ( 1) The term of off ice of the chancellor shall be for six years, commencing with the 1st day of July of the year in which the appointment is made, and no chancellor shall be eligible for re-election. (2) If a vacancy in the office of chancellor occurs from any cause, the vacancy shall be filled by the appointment of a successor in the manner set out in section 38 and the successor shall hold office for six years, terminating on the 30th day of June in the sixth year after his appointment, and no such successor shall be eligible for re-election. (3) If the chancellor ceases to be eligible for such office or becomes mentally incapacitated or otherwise incapable of acting, he shall ipso facto vacate his office and a declaration of the existence of such vacancy by the senate and by the board entered in the minutes of the senate and of the board shall be conclusive evidence thereof. 40. The chancellor shall preside at all convocations and, by virtue of the authority vested in him by the senate, shall admit to degrees, diplomas and certificates such candidates, including the recipients of honorary degrees, as may be requested by the senate. VICE-CHANCELLOR of the univer41. (1) There shall be a vicechancellor sity who shall be the president of the university. (2) In the absence of the chancellor or there being a vacancy in the office, the vicechancellor, or a member of the faculty of the university appointed by him, shall act as chancellor at convocation. (3) In the ab sence of both the chancellor and vicechancellor or if both offices are vacant, the duties of the chancellor shall be performed by a member of the faculty of the university appointed by the senate for the purpose. Sections 42 and 43 repealed. 44. This act shall be deemed to have come into force on the 15th day of November, 1959. 45. This Act may be cited as the University of Waterloo Act, 1959. For powers possessed by the University of Waterloo as referred to in Section 2 of the original act, see the original Charter of Waterloo College Associate Faculties as enlarged by chapter 164 of the statutes of Ontario, 1958,6-7 Elizabeth II.

Appendix I I I Summary Of Association And Student Federation Recommendations Faculty

Association:

1. The board of governors to be replaced by a university council of more diversified character so the corporate body in the university can act on a more integrated view of both fiscal and academic consequences of its decisions. The senate to be relieved of being representative 2. of certain special groups outside the university to contain neither students nor newly-arrived faculty mem(Section

2) Friday,

October

78, 7968

(9:20)

32 7

bcrs: to be obliged to receive representations from the student body concerning the common interests of all students. The faculty councils to be given increased powers 3. of representation before higher bodies of government; and possibly to be limited in size. 4. The academic department to be given a more recognized status in the pattern of government; and be encouraged to include students in its deliberative mechanisms. 5. Service departments to issue annual reports for scrutiny throughout the university; to be allowed sabbatical-like leaves toward improvement of their opera tions. 6. Representation of teaching and research interests by persons without administrative responsibility to be increased on the operations council. A standing committee of senate to be created to 7. re-appraise the total operations and effectiveness of service departments. 8. A university ombudsman tg be named on a tenl ured term basis to examine and report on complaints of abuse of ‘power by individuals or groups within the whether administrative, academic or university, student. Advisory committees of administration, faculty 9. and students to be appointed to consult with the registrar and the provost of concerning the operation of their offices.

Student ,

Federation:

1. The definition of the University of Waterloo which underlies this presentation on student participation in its government is: the University of Waterloo is an academic community of the 1960’s occupied with the search for truth. It is made up of its faculty, students and upper-level administrators who -form the government of that institution. 2. We recommend the establishment of a singletiered governing structure: a senate-a council of approximately 60 persons, mainly ffom the university community itself. The senate would represent the single, ultimate governing and legislative source. 3. We recommend, in addition, an assembly-a comprehensive body representative of all areas in the university and society. The assembly would exist to expand the university’s contacts and to serve as a review body. 4. We recommend that, following the pattern recommended for faculty representation, students be elected to the senate from each faculty, federated college, school and institute withiri the university* which offers cqurses leading to a degree. 5. We recommend that students be included in the membership of most senate committees. 6. We recommend the redefinition of the department to include students registered in the department and that formal provision be made for student participation in the department. We recommend the retention of the present mem7. bership of faculty councils with the addition of student membership elected through the departments.

Appendix

UNIVERSITY AFFAIRS, Ottawa. Canada

. ,

Volume

7, No. 4, April

The Duff/Berdahl Report University Government

1966,

J. Percy Smith, executive secretary, Canadian Association of University Teachers The report of the commission on university government was made public in Ottawa on March 18. The occasion which brought together the commissioners, and representatives of the two sponsoring bodies marked the culmination of a long and important chapter in the history of the Canadian university community. The events of the chapter had their beginning in the growth, through the 1950’s, of uneasiness in many quarters as to whether the universities would be able to cope with the enormously increased. demands that were being made on them, and the even greater ones that lay ahead. It was clear that one of the keys to the problem was in, the obtaining of sufficient financial resources. Might not another be found in the structure and processes of the universities themselves? The ‘conviction in some quarters that it might, and in others that the question at least deserved serious investigation, caused the late Dr. Stewart Reid, as first executive secretary of the Canadian Association of University Teachers, to take the initiative which led to the carrying out of the study. It was largely through his efforts that in 1962 an approach was made to the National Conference of Canadian Universities and Colleges, a pattern of joint sponsorship was agreed on, and a successful appeal made to the Ford Foundation for a grant to finance a study. 1 The steering committee as first constituted comprised Dr. Claude Bissell (chairman), Dr. Reid ( secretary), Dr. E.F. Sheffield and Professor A. W. R. Carrothers._ After some months of negotiations they appoint: ed as commissioners to cat-ry out the study Sir James Mountford, who was then retiring as vicechancellor of the University of Liverpool, and Professor Robert 0. Berdahl, of San Francisco State College, an American political scienti’st who had made a close study of the problems of universities in relation to government. The untimely death of Reid and the illness of Mountford 10

322 The CHEVRON

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delayed the study and necessitated changes in the personnel involved. Professor Bora Laskin succeeded Professor Carrothers on the steering committee and Dr. Percy Smith, who had succeeded to Dr. Reid’s post, became secretary; and in the summer of 1964 the committee was fortunate in persuading ,Sr. James Duff, who had retired as vicechancellor of the University o$ Durham, to become senior tiommissioner. One further change occurred in the steering committee: on the elevation of Professor Laskin to the Supreme Court of Ontario in August 1965, Professor Jacques St-Pierre, of l’universite de Montreal; replaced him. From the time when the decision to carry out the study was first made, committees. and individuals on many campuses studied, discussed, and wrote reports about the structure and government of their institutions. A massive quantity of the resultant material, together with acts., charters, bylaws, and other such documents, was submitted to the commissioners through the secretariat. In consequence, before they began to make on-the-spot enquiries, the commissioners had already spent a great deal of time in preparatory study, and had a vast knowledge of the background of the problems that they were to discuss. It was largely because of these preparations-and, one must add, of their own astonishing vitality-that they were able to make in a period of two months a tour of 35 universities, talking not only with presidents, faculty members and administrators, but with students, boards of governors and representatives of provincial governments. The interest which their visits occasioned is testified to not only by scores of individuals who met them and saw them in action, but by the eagerness with which their report was awaited. Individuals may, at this point or that, disagree with their findings or recommendations. No one will question that the report is the work of two minds richly informed, perceptive, forthright; above all, deeply-indeed passionately-concerned for the life -of the intellect and for the -institutions which in our society are dedicated to it. In their report, the commissioners make it clear that no Canadian university is to be thought of as hopelessly bad in its governance, and that on the other hand no amount of reform is going to make any of them utopian. The work of large, complex educational institutions inevitably produces tensions, both within themselves and between them and the community, and $here is nothing urihealthy in this per se. On the other hand, it is quite possible for the tension to reach a point where it becomes harmful and -even destrutive; one way of minimizing this danger is the adoption of suitable organizational structures and practices. The commissioners have found that at a great many of our universities the tensions have indeed gone far beyond the point to which simple vigor and academic -high spirits might carry them. They do not, however, spend time in examining specific symptoms, still less in looking for individual sources of illness. They have assumed wisely that their function is that of the physician rather than the pathologist, and they have gone roundly to work on prescriptions. After the first two chapters, in which they state incisively their conviction that a great deal is wrong in the government of the universities, and a third in which they reject certain suggestions which have been made, the commissioners devote most of the remainder of the report to discussing ways of setting matters right. ’ In doing so they have kept constantly in mind that universities are pre-eminently places of learning and of teaching; that they cannot appropriately be governed as if they were either business corporations dr medieval dukedoms; that their responsibility is to ‘the republic of knowledge and also to the immediate tax-paying community, in both of which tye must exist. * * * The most far-reaching of the proposed reforms reflect especially this latter, dual chnsideration. The commissioners hold that it is not enough simply to alter the internal pattern of university government, but that the relations between the university and the community must be made more significant. They have noted that in too many universities, the senate, theoretically intended to be both the supreme academic body and the principal means of contact between the university and the community must be made more significant. They have noted that in too many universities, the senate, theoretically intended to be both the supreme academic body and the principal means of contact between the university and the community, is in fact neither; it is too large; too amorphous, too unrepresentative of either constituency. They recommend therefore a complete reform of this body, so that it may effectively perform the first of these functions; and they call for the adoption of other devices to perform. the second. The senate, they propose, should be an academic body of not more than 50 members, of whom the administrative group must not be a majority; the majority of its members should be elected by the faculty, by a method which will ensure representation of all ranks and age and should serve for staggered three-year groups, terms; and its chairman- should be the president of the university. The commissioners suggest that the senate should not only be the supreme academic body, but that it should have the power to make recommendations to the’board on any matter of interest to the university, and that it should play a strong role in long-term planning as-well as immediate policy-making. They have clearly understood the dangers that lie in inhibiting faculty discussion of any Fatter affecting the life of the university, and particularly the evil effects of the fait accompli.

Holding that the senate’s power ought to range from matters of curriculum policy to recommendations about tenure, promotions and the university budget, thev suggest the kind of committee structure that-will be required for its work. ,The chapter .dealing with senate reform is rightly the longest in the report; for in many ways the others -though some precede it-are its corollaries. They deal, on the one hand, with some questions of internal government; on the other, with university-community relations. As to the former of these, the commissioners are clearly distrubed by what they saw of the effects of a too-rigid hierarchical structure: on the one hand, the failure to obtain the advice of the people most concerned with the effects of decisions to be taken, sometimes even the failure fo communicate the decisions; on the other, frustration, misunderstanding, resentment and a conviction of waste. The proposals for reform have to do, therefore, with simultaneously breaking down the rigidity and improving vasily of consultation and the flow of communication. Procedures are suggested for use in the selection of presidents, vicepresidents, deans and department chairmen are proposed, as a desirable means of providing for flexibility at these administrative levels, and of minimizing the sacrifice of good scholarship to administrative paperwork. As to university-community relation’s, the commissioners deal with them on three levels. In the first place, they recognize it as inevitable and right that the supreme authority in a university should rest in a board of governors, most of the members of which are not otherwise members of the university. However, in the light of the discussions of recent years, it will surprise no one that a strong plea is made for significant faculty representation on boards. In addition, having in mind that the board’s function is to deal effectively with some of the most important university matters, the commissioners recommend that its size be kept to sensible dimensions ; and having in mind its special position between the university and the community, they argue that it should be far more representative of the various sectors of society than most Canadian boards have ever been. As in all their recommendations they are especially concerned with the importance of adequate‘ communication throughout the university structure; and they recommend that while faculty members should certainly be represented on boards, it is equally true that some provision should be made for board members to participate in senate meetings and in the work of some senate-committees. In the second place, I suggestions are made for strengthening the relations between the university and the community by such devices as the creation of a university court, the co-opting of non-university persons for certain university committees, and the appointment of outside members to the advisory councils of professional schools and the like. Thirdly, the commissioners discuss a question that has been growing‘ sharply in significance in recent months: ‘the relations between universities and governments. They recommend, as did the Bladen commission, the development of strong advisory committees, with significant representation from the universities, especially from their academic staffs. In addition to developing the suggestions outlined here, the report deals with the place of faculty associations, the student body, alumni associations and professional societies in the conduct of university affairs. They suggest for example, a considerable ’ increase in thk use of joint student-faculty committees, and the provision for the student voice to be heard at the‘ board level through a representative elected by the students, though not himself one of them. Finally, there is a brief chapter on some of the special problems of church-related universities. . ,*** As the commissioners note in their c6ncluding chapter, a university is and should be a battleground of clashing ideas, in which the possibility of a c~sy concensus is remote indeed. In saying that ---wise men as they are-they may have been thinking specifica,lly of the reception of their report; fqr it is doubtful / tha,t it will please any of its readers at every point. Some faculty members-perhaps including deans-will, wonder how it is that the commissioners,cotild &$.h flawless logic argue the case for limiting tlie te&ns fbr chairmen and deans, and ceasd to apply the logic to pyesidents. Some presidents will have serious qualtis over the notion of the senate reviewing the u,n,iversity budget. Some energetic student groups willsfeel ‘tl$ they have not been given sufficiently serious’ c&ideration. Some faculty associatioti members &ho ha&’ worked .tirelessly for the improvement of the conditi+s of university work will f&d -it ironical ‘tha,t ‘a. facultjr association should be described as a body pf protest rather than achievement-when the existence qf the ‘comr&ssion was to a very large degred the achievemeii’t’ df faculty ,- ; associations. Nervousness and discomfort are ,part of the price of change, however. In Canada at the present ‘time’ the challenges confrnnting higher educatibn are unthinkqbly great. It is not conceivable that-they cotild be met on the old terms or by old devices. Within the past year the challenge to rise to the occasion has twice been sounded: once by the call of the Bladen report for a vast program of public support, and now by the call of the QuffBerdahl report for a thorough shake-up of the organiz&ion of the universities. If the publication of tile latter marks the end of one chapter, it ought to mark the beginning bf another. I

“The majority report is fundamentally a call for the antithesis of change, it consists of tinkering to avoid change.”

Stephen Eio tt, past .student .......... council .......... member .......................................................... ..-.-.-.-.-...-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.........-.-...-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-...-.....-...-.-.....-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-...-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-...-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.~.-.-.-...-................................................................... ............................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................................ . ..............................................

Appendix Proposals University

V For The Structure Government

The subcommittee on governing structure was established by the committee on the study of university government at its meeting of December 11, 1967 and charged with the responsibility to bring forward a specific proposal on the basic principles of the structure of government for the University of Waterloo. The subcommittee has had eight meetings and respectfully submits this report for consideration by the committee.

Introduction The present report assumes that the general historical background and rationale for governing structure at Canadian universities and the University of Waterloo in particular, the contents of the Duff-Berdahl report, the Federation of Students and Faculty Association briefs to the committee, and other documents. as well as the discussions of the committee to date, need not be reviewed here. In the committee’s final report such an introductory section will likely be included. Nevertheless it is necessary to discuss some of the major factors which underly the present proposals. The subcommittee started with a completely fresh position, rather than a pre-determined view on single or double-tiered structure. We attempted to survey several coherent models of possible structures based on a varying emphasis of some of the major determining factors, keeping in mind that any of the models could probably be made to work, as obviously the present structure has worked for some years. It must be borne in mind as well that detailed and explicitlydefined structures and functions for a system of government, although essential, are only the bare framework within which patience, understanding, sincerity, good will and above all a common intellectual purpose ultimately play the critical role. It became clear during the committee discussions in October-December that one cannot begin with an answer to the over-simplified question on the one or two-tier issue, but those discussions did serve the purpose of displaying some of the major considerations involved. The subcommittee noted, among others, the following list of factors, many of which had been discussed by the committee, and attempted to arrive at some of the fundamental positions which would shape our proposals. SOME MAJOR FACTORS: 1. The almost complete formal dishotomy of academic and fiscal responsibility in the present board-senate structure. 2. The almost complete separation of. present boardsenate membership. 3. The developing position of effectively complete financial control of total operating and capital expenditures by provincial government agencies. 4. The realities of fund-raising and degree of influence of the supreme governing body. 5. The distinction between governing and managing functions. 6. The accountability of principal executive officers to the general academic body. 7. The concept of self-government by a community of scholars extending to all aspects of the university’s affairs, as compared with the present self-government on purely academic affairs. 8. The role of student members of the university. 9. The concept of members of the community-atlarge willing to participate in the university’s affairs only if they are in ultimate control. 10. The role of alumni and highschool principals in the governing body. 11. The role of federated and affiliated colleges in the governing structure. 12. The desirable size of governing bodies. The subcommittee assrmed that the formal definition of membership in the university as it might be included in a revised University of Waterloo Act, would include: the chancellor, all members of the governing bodies, all members of the faculties, the students, the alumni and the administrative staff. Out of considerations of these factors and an exam-

ination of several working models, the following two basic proposals emerged. The two proposals, A and B, are presented and characterized below. with more general discussion and recommendations brought forward at the end of this report. Propose/ A The basic assumptions for -proposal A are as follows: 1. The present two-tiered governing structure is fundamentally sound and with some modifications in composition can be brought into line with present-day requirements. 2. The board should remain predominantly composed of members of the external community, but both faculty and student members should acquire representation. The senate composition should be made up large3. ly of internal academics. 4. Some present formal powers of the board, especially those involving appointments to faculty and academic administrative positions should be modified to include senate approval. for proposal A may be Thus board composition characterized as follows: faculty students president external community

5 - (elected by senate) 2 - (one graduate, one undergraduate 7 1

36 Senate composition for proposal .A is altered primarily by reducing the present total of six highschool principals and fifteen alumni to two from each category, and adding six faculty members and four students. Detailed restructuring was not considered under proposal A, but should become the special task of senate if proposal A is pursued. However, it is suggested that the board appoint four of its external members to senate, so that a wider channel of communication may exist. PrO/7OSa/ B The basic assumptions for proposal B are as follows: 1. The present two-tiered board-senate structure has become largely outmoded because of: (a) almost complete government financing of the university and the concomitant control and regulation of its operating and capital expenditures and (b) the strong sense of selfdetermination by the members of the academic community within the constraints of public policy and scrutiny now imposed on the Ontario university system. 2. The role of the external community is best effected through a relatively small body, representing the university’s supporting society (the council of visitors) which is instrumental as patron, protector and friend of the university and elects several of its members to be the supreme governing body. 3. The supreme governing body, called the Senate in proposal B, should consist predominantly of internal members of the university community. 4. A single, primarily academic, governing body is desirable and it can delegate by university statutes, some specific responsibilities to a substructure of its own creation. Council of visitors: It is proposed that the university establish a council of visitors composed of twenty-four members of the community to represent society generally. The university owes its existence, its privileges, its corporate and degree-granting powers to an act of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario and it is appropriate therefore that the lieutenant-governor of Ontario be invited to appoint three of the twentyfour members of the council. The council of visitors is envisioned by the subcommittee as follows: 1. The visitors act as protectors, guardians and friends of the self-governing university and support the university in its appeals for special financial resources. 2. The council meets at least twice each year’and receives the annual report of the university. 3. The council appoints the chancellor of the university, after an elective procedure involving members of the senate. 4. The council elects several members of the su-

preme govern ing body, the senate. 5. Members of the council should be formally inducted at a university convocation and serve for threeyear terms indefinitely renewable. The formal presentation of the university’s annual report, at a joint meeting of the council of visitors and the senate, should allow for a genuine exchange of views on the policies and development of the university-a dialogue of university and society. Such a style of interaction conforms to the spirit of the ancient tradition of the office of visitorthat of inspection and review of, and rendering advice to, an independent self-governing community of scholars, whose freedom and independence, though protected by society is nevertheless subject to the views of that society. The senate: The senate, as the supreme governing body of the university, has the ultimate power of decision and approval on all affairs of the university, but may be the enactment of university statutes delegate specific responsibilities and powers, to individual officers of the university, councils, boards, standing committees or other bodies established for the purpose of regulating and managing the affairs of the university. Composition of senate Ex-officio: 1 chancellor 1 president (chairman) 1 principal, or head of each federated college 1 one principal representing the affiliated colleges 4

3 vicepresidents (non-voting) 5 deans (non-voting) 1 directors of schools ( non-voting) 1 treasurer (non-voting) 1 provost ( non-voting) 11 Elected : 16 faculty members (elective procedure 4 student members 3 members of council 2 alumni

(procedure of visitors

to be determined) to be determined)

25 -

40 The president’s council and administrative councils : The supreme governing body cannot, as such, be involved in the day-to-day operations of the community’s affairs. There must be an administrative structure headed by the chief executive officer, the president. He must have the authority to exercise some of the powers of the university subject to a broad base of understanding so that the president’s decision-making powers can be used effectively in the general management of the university’s affairs and its external relations. The senior administrative officers of the university, (vicepresident, deans, treasurer, provost), must coordinate the total management of the university, clarify and formulate policy and advise the president on any and all matters. This group of senior university administrators now forms the president’s council with the president as chairman. The same group meets under the chairmanship of the treasurer as the university committee on budgets. Other administrative councils (research, operations, planning and development, student affairs) under the chairmanship of one of the members of the president’s council (academic vicepresident, operations vicepresident, vicepresident, university-development, studentaffairs provost respectively), and numbering 15-20 members of the university, largely faculty members, some students and administrative officers, consider, review and formulate policies in these functional areas. All departments of the university, both academic and non-academic, are linked in a line-and-staff relationship to the president. This organization network, highly cross-linked through a variety of councils, and committees, generates, defines and executes the on-going business of the university and through the president. prepares the major portion of the business coming to the present board of governors. It is assumed that the constantly developing line-and(Set tion 2) Friday,

October

78, 7968 (9:20)

323

staff organization, guided by the various faculty and administrative councils and committees, which are generally widely representative of faculty members, students and administrative staff, will continue to generate most of the business required for consideration by the supreme governing body. The administrative structure and its function within the university must be able to adjust by periodic revision, to the requirements of a rapidly developing institution and, as well, to the changing patterns of the external environment, e.g. government relations, operating and capital financing, student-housing policies, industrial relations, externalresearch support policies, inter-university and ‘Ontario systems problems. Thus while the general character and style of administrative organization and function should be reviewed and on occasion reshaped, it would appear undesirable to fix its form in excessive detail. Flexibility, though at times a source of delay and some confusion, has the ultimate advantage of ready response. There is, of course, a continuing need to clarify and define administrative responsibilities and the decision-making process within the university. However, there appears to be little need for a massive analysis in relation to the present task of the committee on university government. FACULTY AND SCHOOL COUNCILS: The present university act (Section 36, (1) f ) , enables senate to create faculty councils or committees and committees generally to exercise its powers; and the presently-established faculty and school councils as well as a council on graduate studies have operated as substructures of senate. There are now six such councils and it may be assumed that this number will, if anything, increase-to perhaps ten or a dozen within the decade. The question arises should there be a general university council of say 30-40 members made up of representatives of faculty and school councils for the purpose of coordinating, screening and authorizing all or some of the business flowing from faculty and school councils to the senate; or should the senate receive, separately, the reports and recommendations of each faculty and school council, and establish an academic committee of senate to deal with special matters as they arise? There is sufficient variety in university affairs that possibly both bodies need to be established, especially under a one-tier scheme of government. The detailed _consideration of substructures of the supreme governing body was not considered central to the present subcommittee’s task and is not pursued in this report.

Discussion

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There are two .primary directions for change in the present traditon of university government: a change of composition in board and senate; and a change of decision-making powers as between board and senate. The present board is, except for the president, made up exclusively of members whose main interests and concerns are in affairs outside of, and generally unrelated to, the university community. Thus

324

The CHEVRON

(Section

- -- ‘_*.* .,.

a change in board composition implies the inclusion of full-time members of the university on the boardpresumably faculty members and possibly students. At the same time any proposed change in the composition of the present senate would presumably imply providing for a greater concentration of internal academics, as distinct from the new substantial external membership (six highschool principals and fifteen alumni in a senate of about sixty members)‘. Proposal A represents perhaps the least amount of change that would have any significance, and it is possible-that such a change, after a few years-of experience, would prove to be a satisfactory resolution of current concerns. It remains, however, a modification of the established two-tier pattern. If one pursues these directions of change-even further and establishes a board made up predominantly of internal academics, i.e. academic administrators, faculty members and students, and, as well, modifies the Senate to be composed of internal academics, then one wonders why there should be two governing bodies of similar structure. Hence one arrives at the concept of a single supreme governing body with appropriate delegation of authority to various substructures. Proposal B represents a governing body made up largely of internal academics, and it is the external community that has a small but significant representation. The crucial issue in the structure of university government is one of internal versus external control and ultimate authority. With external control. a twotiered structure appears desirable, and is now the case-proposal’ A simply creates a more adequate communication between two bodies. With ’ internal control, i.e. total self-government of the academic institution, a one-tiered structure would seem to be most effective. In each of the two alternatives suitable substructures must be developed, but their general form might differ in the two cases. The board of governors is often viewed by some as a body of outsiders who drop in-about four days of the year to govern the university. While the formal business is indeed’ transacted at four annual meetings of the Board, a good many related matters are dealt with on a continuing basis. Members of the board have devoted considerable time and energy to these subsidiary, but important, university matters. Some members of the board, especially in the offices of chairman and executive and building committees, and especially during the founding decade of the university have dedicated themselves to serve the interests of the university with what often was an almost full-time involvement. This subsidiary devotion and service, which more and more is becoming the major role of boards of governors in view of the increasing financial control by government, is retained by proposal B in the form of a council of visitors. Through the mechanism of such a council consisting of, say, twenty-four members, the valuable services of prominent leaders in society could be marshalled to protect, support, advise, and help the self-governing university to achieve its goals, which must of course be realted to society’s goals and. capacities. Thus the subcommittee has defined two proposals,

each of which is considered to be aworkable structure for the university’s supreme governing body and each of which, in our opinion, retains the important values and balances that have been traditional. However, proposal B incorporates some fundamental principles of self-government which represent an ideal that appears to underly the, current contributions to national discussions put forward by both faculty and student members of the academic community. Is the academic community prepared for total ,self-government as conceived in proposal B? Is our society, as represented by government and present governing bodies of universities, prepared to supply and protect self-governing universities? These questions require a searching, unbiased and realistic analysis. . The virtues of gradual versus sudden change must be wisely gauged. Whatever changed are made will require sympathetic cooperation and a deep understanding of the role of the university in contemporary society on the part of all members of the university community. In each of the proposals, an added responsibility falls on all members of the university. Such responsibility, in a mature community, can give rise to a spirit of mutual understanding and confidence and can help to erase the growing we-they .dichotomies among governors, faculty members, administration and students. While recognizing that discussion on aims, values and appropriate modes of university government will continue in the future, the subcommittee has formulated its recommendations and submits them for consideration by the committee on the study of university government.

Recommendation The subcommittee has attempted to define the range of principles within which the committee should structure its debate. Proposals -A and. B are not essentially opposed. but rather represent two important phases in the evolutionary process to self-government in universitites. The subcommittee is agreed that proposal B is a realizable ideal, that it can be achieved and is workable, and that it represents an intellectually valid and suitable form of university government. Therefore the subcommittee recommends : That proposal B, a single-tiered structure of the supreme governing body composed predominantly of internal members of the university, as outlined in principle in this report, be adopted by the committee on the study of university government as the basis for its final report. Howe er the subcommittee wishes to record a minority view which exists, to the effect that while proposaf B is to be considered as an eventual and desirable possibility, it is in the best interests of the university to proceed, initially, to proposal A and allow experience to dictate I further change. Members of the subcommittee on governing structure: T.L. Batke-chairman, H.B.N. Hynes, A.D. Nelson, B.M.E. van der Hoff, A.K. Adlington, S.P. Flott and R. B. Marr. January 29,1968

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