1968-69_v9,n44_Chevron by Editor Imprint

volume

9 number

UNIVERSITY

OFFWATERLOO,

Waterloo,

friday,

Ontario

february

21,1969

McGiH attempts to fire

lecturir

MONTREAL (CUP )-McGill Un iversity principal H. Rocke Robertson made his next move towards firing lecturer Stanley Gray tuesday night when he formally charged the activist teacher with “conduct that affected adversely the general well-being of the university.” Robertson made his announcemerit at 8 pm, only 90 minutes after being asked to reconsider by the university’s tri-partite commission. The commission, composed of 12 people drawn equally from staff, students and administration, is in the midst of its second year of study of the nature of the university.

Stanley Gra.5

Robertson is a member of the commission but did not attend the tuesday session-he was busy drafting the charges at the time. Two other administrators, chancellor Howard Ross and vice-principal Michael Oliver, refused to join the cornmission session feeling it was dealing with the Gray issues improperly. Both walked out. The charges were laid in the wake of failure tuesday to reach agreement on the matter. An informal hearing between Gray and Robertson broke down tuesday at its third session. At that time, Gray refused to accept an administrative proposal to suspend proceedings if Gray promised to refrain from future disruptions of university business. In addition to the tri-partite commission’s appeal for reconsideration, has received sunnort from the student council. the ‘political science student asso: ciation, the political science department council and the professors syndicate at L’Universite de Montreal. The next step in the dismissal proceedings involves the formation of a three-man arbitration committee made up of professors from outside the McGill community. The arbitration committee must be acceptable to Gray and he says he won’t accept the process without several changes.

Results

aerayea

Council elections were disrupted this week by the theft of eight ballot boxes. The boxes disappeared tuesday night or early Wednesday morning. Three of the boxes were locked in the Math Society office; the others were in the federation office. Inside the boxes were ballots and voting lists for the arts elections. The arts and grad elections were postponed until thursday. The science and engineering votes were held Wednesday. Elec-

ted in science were incumbent Gerry Wootten, Hugh Campbell and Charles Minken. Elected in engineering were incumbents Bill Fish and Dave Parsons and newcomers Anne Banks and Rich Lloyd. Banks is the first woman ever elected to represent engineers. Already acclaimed are math reps Tom Berry, Dave Greenberg and Stanley Yack; co-op math rep Glenn Berry; architecture rep John Pickles; phys-ed rep Hugh Cuthbertson; Renison rep Paul Dube and St Jeromes rep Joe Bartolacci.

cracy in by Thomas Edwards Chevron staff

Wednesday afternoon at 2pm Dr. Galloway departed from his usual onehour, one-sided lecture method of teaching English 360 to engage the class in the following discussion. He began: “I ‘have your tests here. I have received complaints that it was an insult to your intelligence (identify the characters sort of thing), and it so hard. I haven’t finished marking them by the way, (they were written last October). I have marked bits of them but I keep getting distracted. But they are coming and you’ll get them back eventually. “In the meantime I think it’s time for another one-say, in the next two weeks.” At this point he received a little really the point of a static. “What’s test of this kind when all one does is say who a character is.”

An administration vicepresident addresses a meeting of the occupiers at Windsor. Studcn ts occupied the theology department to protest the firing of a professor.

Windsor

students maintain occupation after referendum Students at the University of Windsor decided Wednesday night, after a nine-day occupation of the theology building, to continue their occupation, in view of the general student support shown during a referendum that day. Negotiations continued into thursday night and may be settled this morning. The referendum contained two separate questions. The first asked if the students agreed with the demands of the occupiers, and the second asked if the students would be willing to stage a major student strike in support of their ideals if all negotiations failed. The students voted 1333 to 1005 in support of the demands, but then voted 1579 to 847 against staging a strike. Negotiations have been plagued by administration hesitancy for over a week. Monday, administration president J.F. Leddy walked out of a bargain session with a five-man team of occupiers. The

e classroom To which Galloway boldly replied: “Well you can have any type of test you like. Surely in this democratic age you can make as many suggestions as you want and when you’re finished I’ll come to the same conclusion that I already have. OK what do you want.” At this point a farsighted student asked what the final exam would be like, to which question he received the answer, “Oh, you know. The usual kind of crap. “Well”, continued this unusually ambitious. student “Wouldn’t a test be more worthwhile if it was a preparation for the final?” “Sure’ ‘, replies the prof, “I could give you a question like ‘Write all you know about Richard II. Would that do?” Saying this must have wakened up some agitator at the back of the

room who asked, a test now?”

“Why

are we having

televised session had been going on for only a half hour when Leddy marched to the door saying: “I’m going to terminate this discussion now. ” At first, Leddy refused to talk to representatives of the 200 occupiers saying that they were unrepresentative of the students. He then ret.reated when the student council-which supports the occupation-voted five occupiers as its representatives in the talks.‘ Leddy then shunte,d the proceedings to four separate committees, treating the affair, one student said, “like we were submitting a brief.” The 200 students and some 15 faculty members are occupying the department to protest an administrative decision not to rehire Dr. William Kelly, a professor in the theology department. The students have set four demands which include : Repre-

provides

no social

He received this philosophical re’ PlY : “Well [the term is short and life is short these days. We have only I5 or 16 lectures left by the way-probably have to whiz through Henry IV, part 2 pretty fast, informing you merely of the import of the fact that it is a sequel to Henry IV, part 1. Another sleepy student t sleeping is a general pastime in this class) who was still somewhere back at the beginning of the discussion asked “Is the main purpose of the test to make us read all the stuff and do the work?” “Let’s not be silly”, countered Galloway. “One gives tests because one feels guilty not giving them and in your place you would feel guilty not getting them. Now lets push this

democracy thing a bit further and take a vote as to who really wants a test.” The vote went 8 in favor, 2 against and countless uncounted abstentions.

sentation parity with the faculty on all departmental decision-maing bodies, open meetings of the board of governors and senate, an offer of reinstatement to Kelly, and amnesty for the protestors. Leddy says he cannot negotiate because he cannot speak for the senate, board and faculty. The executive members of the student council, in an open show of support for the occupation, have moved their offices to the occupied areas. The student newspaper, the Lance, is also operating out of the theology department. Tuesday night, Ontario education minister William Davis told a student audience at Windsor that he would stay out of the conflict. He said the matter should be handled internally. The occupiers night to discuss referendum.

met Wednesday the results of the

Accepting the inevitable a student asked of what duration would the test be. For his pains he received this witty reply. “Oh, a test can be from as long as 30 minutes to three days. In short as long as a bottom can sit on a seat without getting corns-but the best length is when it fits comfortably between two meals. Thus, he continued, it seems as if we will have a test in two weeks. Hmm sounds somewhat familiar.. . And rustling his copious lecture notes (even his humorous and personal anecdotes seem typed out in full) he settles back into the usual routine. At the same time the class realizing that the diversion is over succumbs to the warm sunshine sifting through the

rifle-slit ber.

windows

and returns

to slum-

Disipline

committee

Let tl7e courts handle ’

Science

cow&

seats

four

Science faculty council has agreed to seat five students. The students will be appointed by the Science Society. It has said it will hold elections if more than five applications are received. The grant of the five seats was confirmed by a memo from science dean Pete McBryde.

cumpus

computers

security

bound

’

of trouble at Sir George, but they have since been removed. The administration at McGill University have had their data processing equipment moved off campus to somewhere in the city of Montreal. Morris Stanfield, manager of the computer at McMaster University, stated that extra security measures were being taken with their equipment. He expects no trouble anyway, since students are not allowed down on the computer floor.

A few university administrations are getting worried about the safety of their computers. At Sir George Williams, where students destroyed two million dollars worth of computer equipment, security guards have been posted at the doors of the Henry F. Hall building, home of the comStudents there puting center. must show ID cards to gain admittance to the center and unauthorized personnel are being barred from the campus. The education data center, the computer center of the department of education in Toronto, had posted two cops to guard their computer last friday at the height

u of W types

students

The faculty council is still closed but students hope this will be modified somewhat. All four faculty councils now have students on them. The math and engineering students are full voting members; the others are only observers. Only the psy-ed council doesn’t have students on it.

Here at UniWat no extra precautions are being taken with our computer.

on drama

leugue

exec

Hand over all cases of student misbehaviour to the police was the final recommendation of the university discipline committee. The committee held its final meeting last week it has been meeting sporadically for nearly five years. Three proposals were before the committee. The first, termed modified double jurisdiction, was based on the system at Cornell. It recommended an elaborate system of rules and university courts. Infractions would be handled either through the university system, the criminal courts, or both. The second approach, called civil jurisdiction, was that the university refer all infractions to civil authorities and take no further action against students. The third proposal was traditional double jurisdiction. The university would lay charges against misbehaving students and the president .or his delegate (probably the provost) would take any further action he saw fit. Recent occupations at Simon Fraser and Sir George Williams Universities dominated much of the discussion. Academic-services director (and former SFU registrar) Pat Robertson said, “After Sir George and Simon Fraser I wonder what it means to leave it up to the courts.” Questions were raised as to what the university should do in case of political offenses, such as an occupation. It was suggested the university might not

last year. Three Uniwat students were placed on the five-man executive. They are, David Blaney, Peter Moore and John Gordon. Other members are Mary Sicard and Lisa Jutras of Montreal. In keeping with its aims the league also announced that all competition was to be removed at both the national and regional levels and that future festivals would look towards a week-long showcase of university-level drama.

The Canadian University Drama League announced significant changes in its future plans as a result of the annual conference held in Waterloo last week. Some 60 delegates from 22 universities moved to dispense with the old constitution and bylaws, and empowered the new executive to restructure the organization. Next year’s Festival and conference will be held in Ottawa at the new Theater Arts Center with a projected budget ten times that of

student

fined

If you’re going to steal something from someplace, the campus center just isn’t the place. Last December, Norris Scott, philosophy 1, at Waterloo Lutheran, was picked up by the kampus kops as he was absconding with one of the orange lounge cushions from the pub area. Last week he was tried and convicted in Waterloo county court, and charged $25 plus court costs. Ken Rae, assistant crown a,t-

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torney, mentioned during the proceedings that perhaps Scott should be let off since there was a chance that he was so drunk that he really didn’t intend to steal the cushion. Ra,e defended himself by stating that “such leniency generally creates more problems than it solves”, implying that other students caught trying the same thing could point to Scott’s case and demand to be let off too.

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discretion and used the analogy of a person whose neighbor is having a loud party. Adlington suggested it was to the benefit of students to have an internal judicial system. He said an employee caught stealing is fired but is not charged with theft, which could result in a conviction and loss of employability. Scott countered if the employee was taken to court he might be acquitted. Chem eng prof Robert Hudgins said an internal system of justice put university students in a priviledged situation with regard to society in general. If students, who will be the future leaders of the community, were subjected to the full force of the law, it would bc an impetus to change laws that are unfair or out-dated. Proposal two was passed overwhelmingly, only three of eleven dissenting. The recommendation will be sent to interim president Howie Petch but Scott doubted if the policy will be accepted. Student discipline has been handled on an ad-hoc basis along the traditional double jurisdiction idea. A few -cases have been referred to the federation judicial committee but this method has not been very successful. Presently, discipline is temporarily being handled by a joint student-administration committee set up last year by the discipline committee as an interim measure until a final report is made.

Murray S. Munn Eleven

want to have the police involved but rather negotiate a settlement. ’ Security chief Al Romenco said the only decision to make is whether or not to call in the police. After that the crown attorney decides what charges should be laid. While he may take into account the advice of the administration he doesn’t have to. Federation past-president Brian Iler urged there be some kind of consultation with student representatives before police are called in. This would be cases other than clear-cut police cases handled by security . Operations vicepresident Al Adlington felt there was a serious flaw in the second proposal. “I feel we are leaving ourselves in an all-or-nothing situation. ” The university would have no disciplining power at all but would only be able to lay charges. Iler said that was the proper situation. Students would be treated like any other citizen. He noted, however, that the university would still be able to discipline students for academic offenses such as cheating. Assistant to the provost Paul Gerster suggested Adlington fear.ed proposal two because the university would be embarassed by losing tour t cases. Village tutor Jim ’ Van Evra brought up the problem of liquor offenses. Did proposal two mean that all drinking infractions would be reported to police? Scott replied it would be a matter of

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MM may act in library At its monday meeting, the radical student mbvement discussed the need for student action on the library. Members were concerned that although the university will very soon set next year’s budget, council has failed to follow up on its demand that the library budget beincreased. “Bergsma was opposed to bringing it up at the last meeting”, reported Tom Patterson, arts rep on council. “The speaker agreed to ask council’s permission to add it to the agenda, but the meeting dissolved for lack of quorum before he brought it up.” Several RSM members noted the lack of funds was particularly urgent since universities are being pressured to increase enrolment next year while government education spending is to be cut. University affairs representative Al Gordon reported during a recent visit to campus that the basic revenue unit, the province’s per capita grant system, is likely

York profs TORONTO (CUP)-Students and faculty at York University will walk out of classes february 25 to back up faculty demands for an 18 percent raise and participation in the decision-making process at York. The students Wednesday endorsed a faculty decision made a week earlier to boycott. An amend-’ ment that would have prolonged ‘the student strike until demands were met was dropped because it would not be enforcable and+‘not in the best interest of the univer“sity” according to Paul Koster, ‘student president. F. ..

Scott 5

‘by

to increase by only 4.8 percent this year as compared to a predicted inflationary increase of seven percent. It was agreed that students and faculty are going to have to apply pressure very soon if the library budget is to be increased for next year. Several members volunteered to investigate aspects of the problem in further detail. The issue of the library’s inadequate holdings and study space has been a point of contention since 1965. At the january 27 meeting of council, Ron Trbovich, student rep on the senate library committee, reported that Waterloo’s library budget is low in comparison with other universities, even though our library has been rated very low and is badly in need of development. Council supported a recommendation that the library budget be increased to 10 percent of the total university budget. No

strike

for raise

Students and faculty will discuss alternatives for future action, “not excluding the possibility of strikes,” during the” daylong walkout. ?lYhe York board of governors refused to discuss the question at it’s last meeting and the faculty responded by calling for the oneday walkout. The board said it could not talk about faculty salaries until financial allotments from the provincial government are known. The faculty, however, feel they have detailed- their grievances to the .,.-

outlines

Al Lukachko

Chevron staff

The student affairs review committee met last ‘friday to hear ex-provost, Bill Scott, outline his sug-gestions for student affairs’ function and organization. Scott started off by condemning the structure of the committee as unfair to students. He next posed the question, “What real resources does the university have in 1969?” The traditional answers of faculty first and students second, organization likened to business and a primary function of presidential recognition, were noted. A diagram, showing how the vice presidents of academics, operations, and planning and development, and the treasurer and the provost were related to the president, was drawn on the board by Scott. He wondered why there was fro vice president of faculty and remarked that “faculty are not looked after because of the structure and function of the university. ” Scott went on to quote from part of an article he was preparing for publication. He attributed the creation of specialized administrative departments to the complexities of expanded student enrolment. These new functions were related to student welfare and needs and included residence management, counselling services, health services, off-campus housing, food services, and others. He stated that these positions came under one senior head in American universitiss, but that of the 15 universities in Ontario, only three list an officer as dean of students, while seven others have an assortment of titles. The five remaining show no title of any kind for student affairs. He used this example to point out the lack of uniformity in the organization of student affairs. Since there is no clear-cut definition of what this area entails, Scott called for the university to take a long, hard look at student affairs and determine what its obligations are and how they should be carried out. He suggested that Uniwat should co-ordinate the areas of counselling, discipline, health services and residences with respect to records in order for student problems, such as suicides, pregnancies and breakdowns to be solved more quickly.

official administration decision has been taken on the proposal to date, but Trbovich reports that the response has been negative. Although a detailed strategy has not been spelled out, RSM plans to initiate a program of education and action on the library problem. Other matters discussed at the meeting included a brief on faculty hiring and ,firing which is to be presented to acting administration president Howard Petch. The brief, which was given final approval at a second meeting held Wednesday night, criticizes the present content of social science courses and the proposed college of integrated studi’es alternative. It goes on to suggest more attention must be given to course content by the course unions, and recommends the hiring of ten radical ,professors and parity for students in hiring and firing and curriculum decisions.

board quite fully and have no recourse to action other than leaving teaching duties.

Student ex-provost, Bill Scott, outlines proposals for position of vice-president of student affairs.

Besides, as one faculty member put it: “Some highly qualified faculty members are making less than highschool teachers with no experience. ”

Pefch delegates duties Village and Eydt upset

If the faculty were to strike in march or april it would cause severe disruption in examination and marking schedules. The dispute involves faculty on both the York and Glendon campuses of the 6000-student university.

Residence administration, including Village warden Ron Eydt, now falls directly under operations vicepresiden t, AlAdlington. Eydt and other Village administrators are upset at the realignment.

proposal Lynn Watt questioned the exchange of records on the basis of professional integrity. Al Crawford, arts 2, quickly pointed out that in other institutions mental and general hospitals, for example, sociologists, doctors, psychologists and psychiatrists indulge in a frank exchange of information with the assurance of confidence. Scott saw the role of the provost or the position replacing it, as an’ administrator of student services and as a spokesman for student interests. The provost should try to prevent conflict between the students and the administration. He noted structural weaknesses that had to be overcome in order to provide a better milieu. Since the president is the final authority, individuals have a tendency to short circuit regular channels to solve their problems. It must be realized that students can run such services as off-campus housing and foreign students, but services of the print shop, book store, counselling and health would be somewhat more difficult. Scott added that at Uniwat, students have had a say in government more quickly than at most universities, but that there is not as much involvement as there might be. “If some administrator thinks that the function of student affairs is not important, then its position is weakened. ” “Presidents resign because nobody knows who the hell is running the university.” The ex-provost envisioned a vice-president of student affairs with dean of men, dean of women and student services administrator under him. The student services administrator would be responsible for all the services, now scattered throughout the university. For the student with problems in dealing with the structure, a time limit would be set for each department in handling difficulties. Scott thought that the university was centralized too much and decentralizing the village into an autonomous unit and letting out contracts for technical services would alleviate some of the problems. He concluded his proposals with the statement that the student must get on committees that report directly to the one-tiered government. There will be an open meeting of the committee this afternoon in the library, room 402, to discuss the reports that have so far been presented.

This set-up was initiated last tuesday when Howie Petch, interim president, farmed out the provost’s duties he acquired last month when he took over the presidency. Former president Hagey accepted the duties of provost when Bill Scott’s resignation became effective january 1. Only the dean of women continues to report to the president. Counselling service and creative arts come under academic services with direct responsibility to Pat Robertson. Housing and foreign students and health services now report to Al Adlington, with direct responsibility’ to Jack Brown, director of ancillary services. Eydt reports directly to Adlington.

Acimininews

When questioned on his approach to residence administration, Adlington commented, .f‘There is no danger of a change from an academic sensitivity to an operations sensitivity.” He added, howeve.r, that policy decisions should be made with a 60-40 operations to academic priority. Cail Vinnicombe, manager of residences, said “It’s a question of prestige.” He continued, however, “If the residence runs smoothly without any serious trouble, I doubt whether it matters who the warden reports to.”

in a month

A weekly administration newspaper may be’ a reality within a month. The present university Gazette, now distributed to faculty and staff, will be turned into a tabloidsized newspaper and distributed to students as well. It will probably be a four-page weekly published Wednesday mornings. Information-services director Jack Adams said the move was intended to promote better communications among all elements of the university. The Gazette in recent months has been expanded. It switched to weekly publication about a month ago and has started carrying some off-campus news. ,Adams says the new Gazette will be a strictly campus thing. It will probably incorporate the weekly events bulletin which is also published by the university. A network of correspondents is being set up throughout the univer,

Petch emphasised these arrangements are temporary. “I couldn’t wait for Jack Brown’s report,” said Petch. “I was trying to be president, academic vicepresident, and provost all at the same time. ” He plans to rely quite heavily on the recommendations of Brown’s student-affairs review committee in his final decision on the fate of the provost’s empire.

friday,

sity departments to ensure more coverage of staff events. The publication will not be mailed off-campus. The administration cannot get second-class mailing rates because it has no paid subscribers and first-class rates are too expensive. The new publication will have a budget of about $10,000, an increase of a couple thousand over the present budget for university publications. Adams said the decision to publish a newspaper was influenced to some extent by the administration’s views on the content of the Chevron, but he added he felt it was something the administration should be doing anyway. “There are certain issues where readers should have another source of information,” he said, “but we don’t intend to get into a running battle refuting the Chevron. ’ ’ february

27, 7969 f9:44)

797

ing pay and working conditions, and will not leave until they are met. Students have supported the workers before, and can be expected to again. At least 26 persons were injured friday in a melee with police outside a campus building. Teargas was used.

WASHINGTON (CUP-CPS)Over a dozen American universities are in various stages of disruption by strikes, occupations and invasions by National Guard troops. University

of Wisconsin

National guardsmen were posted in buildings on the University of Wisconsin campus Monday as student demonstrators carried their protests from the street to the classroom. Some classes were disrupted. students confronted In others, professors with discussion of the black students’ demands in attempts merely to restructure the day’s classes. In at least one case officials ordered students not enrolled in classes to leave or face arrest. Several hundred students entered Bascom Hall at one point Monday morning shouting “support the black demands” as they surged through the hallways. Some 1900 guardsmen are stationed on the campus, but the only show of force monday was inside the buildings., The blacks would like to draw the soldiers back outside where confrontations would draw more support from sympathetic white students. The low turnout at a morning rally indicated the frustration many white students feel: the school administration is unwilling to negotiate, demonstrations have been unsuccessful, and there is studying to be done. But as the numbers turning out for demonstrations dwindle, the chances for mores militant tactics increase. A total shutdown of the 34,000-student campus is unlikely. A further show of force by authorities could set off more violent confrontations. Thursday, national guardsmen used teargas to disperse some 5000 protesters and onlookers. confrontations were Major averted when students resorted to hit and run tactics, but some ,heads were bloodied. Demands include establishment of an autonomous black studies program and admission of at least 500 more black students.

San Francisco

State

’

A homemade bomb shook the administration building at San Francisco State sunday as the school prepared to re-open monday after a sessional break of two weeks. The early morning blast broke 18 windows in the building. It was the second such bombing at the school in four days. Another exploded thursday in front of a student lounge. San Francisco State has been troubled by a violent student strike since November 6. Notre

Dame University

The University of Notre Dame, known more for its football teams than its liberalism, carried the law and order ball monday when administration president Theodore Hesburgh promised immediate suspension and expulsion for disruptions of university business. “Anyone or any group,” he said, “that substitutes force for rational persuasion, be it violent or non-violent will be given 15 minutes of meditation to cease and desist.” At that point, demonstrators would be asked for their student identification cards and be immediately suspended. If, after another five minutes, the protest continued, the offender would be immediately expelled. The statement came three months after demonstrations against Dow and CIA recruitment on campus.

SPECIAL ON

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Peace returned to Durham N.C., campus of Duke University monday after the administration agreed to establish a program of Afro-American studies. But the possibility of further trouble still exists over an unsettled demand that non-academic employees be permitted to bargain collectively with the administration. Spokesmen for the employees’ group say they will enter a meeting with administration leaders tuesday with 12 demands concern-

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the more active congress participants when he termed the general tone of the resolutions as ‘motherhood’. However, most Waterloo delegates agreed the outcome was better than expected in the face of the initial conservative position of the older Ontario schoolsWestern, Queens, McMaster and Toronto. The French-speaking delegates were only active in a Quebec-nationalist direction and the Sir George Williams group were simply anti-activist.

and

Chevron staff

MONTREAL (staff )-The congress of engineering students overcame organizational difficulties and a reactionary undercurrent to pass several progressive resolutions and initiate a new level of political consciousness in undergraduate engineers. The results of the McGill University weekend gathering of Ontario and Quebec students, with observers from across the country, were perhaps best summed up by EngSoc B. president Mike Martin who said, “While I still believe our basic system is correct, I find I can at least listen to the radicals-something I found impossible before. ’ ’ The majority of the Waterloo delegation, several McGill engineers and a number of observers provided most of the impetus for real questioning of the system and the engineer’s role in it.

RESOLUTIONS

STRUCTURE

In summary, here are the resolutions passed : -Economic development of Canada is necessary to provide creative work for our engineers (too much is presently branch-plant caretaking for U.S. companies). -In order to provide more equal opportunity for Frenchspeaking engineers and to reflect the binational nature of Canada, the working language in Quebec should be French and all engineers practising in Quebec must know the working language. -Engineers should form a more powerful organization than they have at present (a union in everything but name) in order to be more able to protect the environment and society in general. In this motion, they recognized pollution, safety of manufactured goods and planned obsolescence as becoming serious problems in the profit-motivated corporate system. -A general motion on engineering education called for free choice of any course in the university. a credit system, ability of engineers who don’t meet all the prerequisite courses in the new free system to still be able to specialize in grad school to become an engineer. They also called for involvement of students in the decisionmaking of the university to be recognized as part of the student’s education. McGill’s engineering dean probably found agreement with

Summer by David

but frustrivtina

progfe&ve,

A HINDRANCE

French to be the working language in Quebec. Getting the motion through the final plenary required manipulation, however, as the strong Ontario conservative block patiotically pounded the tables. The procedural manipulation at this stage was the worst of the congress, but was not an isolated matter. From the beginning, most of the delegates were hardpressed to meet the organizational and procedural difficulties. They were able to speak of overstructuring in their education, but were unable to deal with it in their congress. In the education commission, another Waterloo attempt was made to get down to discussing basic issues. The congress organizers emphasized the importance of passing resolutions, but EngSot A president Glenn Hodge wondered, “Isn’t it more important to learn what’s going on than to worry about resolutions?” Hodge’s suggestion was overruled and the commission dragged on all day before coming up with the one motion for destructuring the undergraduate curriculum and favoring meaningful student participation in university decision-making. The’ reactionary element was ever-present: proceeding to Montreal on the train, a McMaster delegate suggested the engineers should go and “beat up some

The structure of the congress hindered political and wide-ranging discussion-several hours were spent listening to speeches from corporate barons ‘who were sue-: cessful in the engineering profession’. The rest of the time was spent in highly-structured commissions on the main topics, plus the final formal plenary session. The commission on the engineer and his moral conscience produced no motions-and this was the area that most of the corporate guest speakers talked about. The more radical delegates in the commission fought to defeat any tinkering motions that were along the lines the speakers offered. The commission’s structure was cumbersome and Waterloo engineers Jim Pike and Brian Iler tried to get it broken down to small discussion groups to get at basic issues. The proposal was narrowly defeated. The commission on the engineer and his role in the corporate system got hung up over the professional arrogance of many delegates who tended to see the problems ()f reconciling the profit . motive and the social concern for pollution, mis-manufacturing and exploitation, but refused to accept the status of actually being unionized to protect their professional standards (and accordingly protect society). The commission’s eventual motion called for an organization that would be a union in every way but name so engineers could refuse to allow unethical designs and still not get fired. Perhaps the most political was the commission on equal opportunity for French-speaking engineers, and here the Quebecois delegates concentrated their efforts. They eventually convinced the majority of the historical Progressive rights of French Canadians as a students distinct national entity within Canada and the congress called for something

employment

Black

CUS secretariat

Students who found it difficult to obtain summer employment last year will find it even harder this summer. The prospects for student employment are dimmer since last year’s low. A number of economic realities reveal our position : l approximately 30-40’;; of Canadian students were effectively unemployed last summer. l the overall unemployment rate has shown an unusual increase during the winter. l there are no precise figures on student employment and no plans to handle the summer’s rush on jobs this year. The Dominion Bureau of Statistics says 74,000 persons between ages 14-19 were unemployed last summer. This includes only part of all students seeking jobs. In 1967-68 there were 237,000 undergraduates in Canada (DBS) : add to this all graduate students and members of community colleges, technical schools etc, and the increase in this year’s enrollment-there just aren’t enough jobs. Manpower has no statistics on students entering the work force, when, for how

artsies at Sir George”. . A Western delegate said the solution to the lack of jobs in the economy was to cut back on engineering enrolments. He was rebuked for selfishly desiring to protect his interests. The Ontario conservative block tried to amend the motion calling for involvement of students in the decision-making process to say “non-violent involvement”. This was dismissed as unnecessarily reactionary and the amendment was defeated. Some of the corporate success men were extremely reactionary. F. W. Eyre, vicepresident of Advanced Dynamics Corp, told the engineers, “No invididual will have any effect by himself in stopping war material production, so why not make some money out of it.” Leonard Hynes, president of large war-material producer Canadian Industries Limited, related the entire question of engineers’ morality to religion. His sermon suggested Christianity made unnecessary any collective action by engineers for the protection of society. The congress rejected these positions, and basically favored forming a union. Laurier LaPierre was the only speaker whose approach differed. He opened by saying, “Engineers, as a profession, are not the kind of people I like.” He felt

so-called professionals, including doctors and lawyers, are more concerned with personal financial reward than benefitting society. He said engineers weren’t meeting their social responsibilities .anyway, and went on to back an engineering union to achieve the action necessary to prevent socially-harmful production. The congress ended in confusion in the final plenary session -most delegates were frustrated by running out of time just when they were getting into more relevant resolutions. They went off to a closing banquet with two venerable guest speakers-the president of the Engineering Institute of Canada and the executive vicepresident of Bell Telephone. Both gave uninspiring defenses of the status-quo, and in the following question (period were unable to answer questions raised about the very nature of the system. It left many of the delegates unsettled, but a McGill delegate found agreement when he said there would be a greater lasting effect to the congress if the delegates were unsatisfied with the answers. In all commissions, except the one on the French language problem, the Waterloo proposals as outlined in their pre-written position papers went farther or were more radical than the eventual congress outcome.

and reactionary delegates rammed heads throughout the congress of engineering held in Montreal last weekend. Many of the conservative delegates had expected This ‘%esolution ” was not loved, like a ju-nior chamber of commerce meeting.

prospects

long, etc. The government agency claims to have found 17,000 jobs last year once it had set up special services to handle the unexpected demand. (This figure includes such jobs as two or three hours a week cutting grass. ) Although last year’s situation was described as unusual-it was reported that some 2,700 women with BA’s were unemployed in Toronto alone-there don’t appear to be any more opportunities opening up in 1969. Coupled with increasing unemployment figures, summer student employment could effectively disappear. The job shortage will force students to rely increasingly on loans and awards to finance their education. The loans plan was designed to supplement student summer earnings. If the amount of parttime and summer work has been permanently reduced, a new approach will have to be developed. 1 The loans-awards program be greatly expanded. This entails more money from already hard pressed government revenues. The money would have to come from increased tax-es; though not necessarily from that tax base already over-

dimmer

taxed-i.e. it is possible to increase taxes on a more equitable basis #with the implementation of the Carter Report and a tax increase to larger corporations ( specifically mining and oil companies ) . 2 Implementation of mammoth summer work projects for students. This could involve a CYC-style program allowing students to work during the summer on various community projects and have this credited toward increased financial aid at university. Again, money iseoming from government funds, though with an input of real work on the part of the student and a contribution from community or private enterprise. 3 Operation of universities on a trimester basis. This has certain obvious attractions (more students in less time; better use of basic facilities) but would require greater expenditure than an increase in loans and awards. It would involve greater university operating costs and a simultaneous cut-back on student summer earnings (if they are in fact / available). 4 Governmental policies aimed at full employment-the simplest and most obvious solution. Full employment is possible.

this year Canadians still lack many of the necessities of - life (housing, food, medical assistance) and they can be supplied. The unemployed could be engaged in filling these needs if the government initiated the proper programs. And full employment policies, would automatically raise tax revenues. However, any solution to the present student employment problem will only come about after pressure is concentrated -on government (federal and provincial). Demands should center about summer employment and loans-awards programs but should always take into account where the revenue is to come from to support new projects. Students can no longer afford to alienate that sector of the population which is presently overtaxed (those earning under $10,000) and should integrate their demands with those aimed at a more equitable distribution of wealth in our society. (One cannot ignore the federal government’s tendency to continue hitting this particular tax base-witness the’ recent 2 percent surtax which drops on incomes over $10,000. ) friday,

february

21, 7969 {9:44)

WLU student ten thousand

council gives to pniversity

happenings as the Sir George Ten Thousand, or four dollars per student, has been donated by Williams fracas. the student’s council of Waterloo Student business manager Ray Lutheran for university expansion. Turner produced the surplus Half of this money will be used through program changes and for facilities in _ a new student good management. Withdrawal four thousand union building,, from CUS saved $2400 in undollars will be used for library used union dues. Some of the monbooks, and the remaining thou- ’ ey went to sponsor a conference sand dollars will be used as the start of a building fund for an on CUS. Six ‘hundred dollars was also raised by student’s council athletic complex and swimming investing funds in short term I-M-ml. r---. president loans ‘ William Ballard, of the student council, said the Frank Peters, president of the move expressed more accurately university, said he appreciated the feelings of the typical unithe gesture qof goodwill even more than the money. versity student than did such

CITY HOTEI presents I Ht

The Rogues

THIS MESSAGE IS ADDRESSED TO ALL STUDENTS, GRADS,STAFF AND FACULTY WHO ARE BUYIN GANEWCARNOWOR INTHENEARFUTURE Right now, I personally will sell tiny accredited student, staff or faculty member at U. of W. any of our 7969 Chrysler products for:

FACTORY INVOICE And

- our-

Price

Protection

Bond

JACKSON

Victoria

794 the Chevron

MBTORS

& Charles

by David

Horowitz

with

Reese Erlich

v HILE MOST EYES WERE FOCUSED on the presidential elections, an unprecedented ~ humiliation was being visited upon one of the dinosaurs of the American corporate community. -The United Fruit Company-whose board directors and presidents were accustomed to serving the nation as secretaries of State and directors of the CIA, and whose divisional branches exercised unchallenged supremacy over sovereign republics in the banana belt of Central America-found that it was the target of a series of takeover bids. Who would have the nerve? Twenty-five years ago Textron, Incorporated, was only a diminutive manufacturer of textiles. Since then, however. the firm has acquired a new name and scores of companies spanning 27 industrial categories, and has taken a prominent place in the military-industrial complex. On election eve Textron announced that it was adding United Fruit to its family. This was not the biggest merger of the year, but it dramatically symbolized the tremendous upheaval that is shifting the corporate foundations of American society. The U.S. is currently in the midst of the largest merger wave in its history, already twice the magnitude of any previous wave and still on the upswing, with no sign of peaking. The main action in this incredible concentration of economic power, accounting for about 90 per cent of all acquisitions in 1968, is going to a new species of corporate organization: the conglomerate. Led by such aerospace giants as Litton Industries, Ling-TemcoVought (L-T-V.) and Textron. the conglomerates are already regarded by many as the heirs apparent to American corporate power. With their feet solidly planted in the military-industrial complex. each has managed to absorb close to a hundred other corporations and to create a composite giant whose scope of industrial enterprise is truly awesome. This explosive velocity of conglomerate expansion makes the most fantastic projections seem plausible. Litton Industries provides a typical case in point. Fifteen years ago Litton was a $1.5 million electronics firm. Today. employing about 100.000 people in 28 countries. it is worth more than a thousand times as much. The record of L-T-V is equally spectacular. Twenty-two years ago, James J. Ling invested $3000, in an-electronics shop in Dallas. Today the successor of that firm, L-T-V. is even bigger than Litton.

with $1 billion in assets and $2 billion in sales. Moreover, the expansion of these conglomerates over whole empires seems to have no natural limit, unless it is the economic system itself. Indeed, the

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‘1 HE VAST ACCRETION OF POWER in the last decade to militarybased conglomerates like Litton T and L-T-V has caused remarkably little public concern, considering the implications for an ostensibly free society. There are many factors behind this default, but probably the most important one is the least conspicuous. It is the universal conviction that bigness and even monopolistic concentration are inevitable, being the natural and necessary consequences of technological modernity. To protest therefore seems merely to stand in the way of progress, mindlessly repudiating the bounty of the age in favor of nostalgic illusions. John Kenneth Galbraith, the New Monopolistic State’s most urbane, unabashed and best-selling apologist, has expressed the wisdom of the times most eloquently: “By all but the pathologically romantic, it is now recognized that this is not the age of the small man.” Is it the quest for monopoly profits that has resulted in the gargantuan enterprises which now dominate the American economy ? Certainly not, says Galbraith : “Size is the general servant of technology, not the special servant of profits. The small firm cannot be restored by breaking the power of the larger ones. It would require, rather, the rejection of the technology which since earliest consciousness we are taught to applaud. ” Modern technology, says Galbraith, requires “planning, specialization and organiza tion.” and these require that the market be “superseded,” “controlled” or “suspended.” which is accomplished primarily by monopolistic concentration. These statements. exuding all the natural plausibility of conventional wisdom. are wholly seductive. To offer empirical support for the generalizations seems almost superfluous. Yet the actual empirical studies that have been made provide no substantive basis for the thesis that technology requires monopoly-indeed they point strongly in the opposite direction. Thus. if relatively high concentration f

is not technologically justified for single. industry firms, it is hardly justified for the conglomerates, which are made up of randomly acquired companies encompassing diverse product lines and categories. For that reason among others, the heads of Litton, like all conglomerate managements, don’t like to admit that they are such an enterprise (although their more than 80 companies operate in 18 distinct industrial categories). According to number two man, Roy Ash, Litton’s acquisitions have been in fields where its technological capabilities give it a competitive edge. “In truth,” comments Fortune, “considerable mental agility is required to perceive an impending technological revolution in some of the businesses Litton has bought-e. g., office furniture.” Office furniture aside, Ash’s claim that Litton’s size facilitates technological innovation reflects another major technological myth of our age: that the giant corporation is a necessary agent for creating new technologies. In an authoritative study of 61 “major contemporary inventions,” it was found that only 12 of these could be attributed to the laboratories of large corporations. The jet engine was originated independently in England and Germany by individuals who were unable- to interest the aircraft producers in it (the Englishman even allowed his patent to lapse). Kodachrome arose from the experiments of two musicians, “sometimes working in their kitchen sinks between concerts.” Other examples of products of individual inventors-often working with primitive equipment-were the first computer (ENIAC), air conditioning, the modern self-winding watch (which was rejected by the Swiss watch companies when it was first offered to them), stereophonic sound reproduction, the syncromesh transmission, neomycin, frequency modulation (FM; it was opposed by RCA) and xerography. A closer look at the inventions that do come out of the laboratories of the industrial giants should quickly dispel Galbraith’s “perfect instrument” idea. Arthur K. Watson, the head of IBM, the very symbol of modern technology in business. pointed out to an International Congress of Accountants in 1962. “The disk memory unit. the heart of today’s random access computer. is not the logical outcome of a decision made by IBM management. It was developed in one of our laboratories as a bootleg projectover the stern warning from management that the project had to be dropped because of budget difficulties. A handful

of men ignored the warning. They broke the rules. They risked their jobs to work on a project they believed in.” Can it be that the supercorporation of the space age is really all that shortsighted and tightfisted about seeking new technologies? Private industry does after all spend $9 billion a year on research and development (four per cent on basic research, the rest largely on altering, refining, packaging and marketing existing technologies) a And of that, the larger firms, those with more than 5000 employees, certainly carry their share. Though they make up only three per cent of the companies doing research, they spend 85 per cent of the total. That looks like pretty extravagant entrepreneurial daring. Of ure

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Like buying the Brooklyn Bridge, this must be looked on as an act of peculiar generosity. It is a game where the roles of politician, general, corporate manager and government official are shifted around so rapidly that an embarrassed player can even forget if he is to be the donor or the recipient. ITTON IS A NEW LORD OF THE CORPORATE REALM: it has , ascended to an order of nobility IL that had seemed at the time of World War II to be virtually closed by a stable system of fiefdoms which ‘each of the major corporations had carved out of the Industrial Revolution, leaving no unclaimed ground on which a new economic power could be built. For Litton is first of all lord of a newly opened virgin territory. That is to say, Litton is not an industrial pioneer in traditional markets in the sense that one might characterize Polaroid or Xerox, whose spectacular growths have been based on new products which people have found highly useful. Litton is more the master of a “land grant dominion.” dispensed and continuously subsidized by the federal government as part of the unbelievable largesse of the postwar contract state. The form which these grants take (continued

friday

I february

over page)

2 I, 7969 (9:44)

795

is the military prime “systems” contract, and the region is electronics. A good example is Litton’s contract to design, plan, produce and maintain, in accordance with broad requirements, a worldwide fleet of floating military bases. Since the price of a system not yet designed cannot be fixed in advance, in systems contracting the government in effect agrees to pay the corporation back whatever it spends, plus profits. The prime contractor is expected to turn around and subcontract whatever it can’t do itself and the government advances funds to cover outlays by the contractor. So you don’t really need investment capital or competence to get the job-or the profits. Obviously it’s nice work if you can get it. But who gets it and how? Since the criteria of cash and competence are consigned by government contracting policies to roles of distinctly secondary importance, the importance of a corporation’s influence in the federal bureaucracies naturally looms inordinately large. For a long time, corporate political strategy had its focus on military decision makers, whether generals or civilians. However, as the military budget has become a permanent factor of .major proportions in the economy as a whole, the ramifications of its spending policies have grown more and more extensive. From its contract to build the floating base system, for example, Litton gained facilities and expertiseat taxpayers’ expense-which have given it the inside track on the civilian shipbuilding industry as well. More importantly, neither military policy nor the - Defense bureaucracy is divorced from the rest of the national political structure, and the political power gained by the successful prime contractors in the military field has become an important basis for extending their field of operation to other areas where the federal government exkrcises responsibility and allocates its huge budget. With an eye to the immense dominions of largesse still to be granted by the sovereign power, Litton has been careful to keep its representatives at court and to keep a foot in every available political door. Among its executives and directors are Defense Department secretaries and military generals, highly influential Democrats and equally important Republicans, liberal Humphrey supporters and the chief financial backer of Ronald Reagan-in short,, the whole spectrum of legitimized political power (and potential contract dispensation). With its expansive political network as a foundation, Litton has been in the forefront of the move to extend systems contracting to nonmilitary fields. Litton was the first private contractor to take over responsibility for a War on Poverty Job Corps project and the first corporation to apply the systems approach to the economic development program of an entire geographical region (in Greece), and its distinctive mode of

796 the Chevron

operation in these instances provides ominous portent of things to come.

“Litton is a world-wide organization dedicated to utilizing the discoveries of modern science by converting them into use, ful goods and services-products that bolster the Free World’s vital economic base and defend the inflexible ideal of human freedom.”

-from Litton to stockholders,

Industries’ 1963

annual

report

N APRIL 21, 1967, A SUDDEN coup de’etat in Greece sent a shudder through Europe. The 0 coup, carried out by junior officers to forestall an impending liberal electoral victory, represented a shift so far to the right that the conservative monarchy was eventually thrown into opposition and the king virtually deposed. The was thrown in the face epithet “fascist” of the regime as it quickly filled the jails with thousands of political prisoners. And for the first time in non-Iberian Europe since World War II, the term rang true. The governments of Norway and Denmark immediately tried to have the Greek junta kicked out of NATO, and -later out of the Council of Europe. Other West European governments signif ied their disapproval but reserved action. Even Washington, whose military and intelligence agencies were implicated in the coup, held back any immediate support. Then, three weeks after the overthrow, when the new regime was still unstable and the adverse worldwide reaction held out the possibility that the junta might disintegrate and fall, a gesture of support was made by one of the largest U.S. corporations, one with a reputation for having powerful connections in the White House and the Pentagon. That corporation was Litton Industries. The gesture was the agreement by Litton to be prime contractor on a “development” program for Greece. In keeping with Litton’s usual strategy, the agreement was on a cost-plus basis, with Litton agreeing to procure $840 million in capital for Greece over a 12year period. In return, the military junta agreed to repay Litton its costs plus 11 percent, plus a commission of about two percent on all capital that Litton succeeded in steering to Greece. For readers whose minds are fixated on the concept of private enterprise as in some sense free or competitive, the significance of this kind of contract might be spelled out once again. Litton itself risks nothing. Every month Litton files invoices for its costs, and in 15 days it gets back everything it has paid out plus a profit of 11 per cent. As explained by Robert M. Allan Jr., president of Litton International Development Corporation and head of Litton’s program in Greece, “The return on investment here, of course, is very large because we don’t have any basic investment. Our real investment is our good name which of course is the most

valuable thing we own.” Litton’s good name (and contacts) were indeed attractive assets for the military regime, Another was Litton’s promotional ex-t pertise, which was promptly directed to the vital task of convincing Americansparticularly very important Americansof the virtues of iron rule in Athens. The key figure in Litton’s PR work‘ for the junta is Barney Oldfield, Litton International’s chief public information officer, who, according to spokesmen for the Greek resistance, runs the pro-junta propaganda campaign both in Athens and in the United States. Oldfield, who was an Air Force colonel before going to Litton, got his PR training as chief public information officer for NATO in Europe and has excellent Pentagon and Republican connections. To the uninitiated, it might seem strange that the former chief PR man for NATOa military alliance allegedly formed to defend freedom-should suddenly become a salesman for a totalitarian dictatorship in Greece, but Oldfield’s behavior is certainly within the norms laid down by Washington. Thus on May 17, 1968, a year after the COUP (and a good deal of Litton politicking), Washington softened its attitude towards the junta. Secretary of Defense Clark Clifford went before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee to ask support for an administration proposal for $661 million in military aid to the dictatorships of Korea, Turkey, Iran, Taiwan and Greece. Of the latter, Clifford said : “The obligations imposed on us by the NATO alliance are far more important than the kind of government they have in Greece or what we think of it.” *

‘HILE’ LITTON PRESIDENT THORNTON maneuvered behind the scenes to build up pres~ sure for an eventual resumption of military aid to the Greek regime, the junta’s first real break came with the announcement of a $12.5 million loan from the World Bank. This was the first solid evidence of external financial support for the regime. (After the coup, the European Economic Communitymore popularly known. as the Common Market-which had in 1962 made available $125 million in loans to Greece, refused the ordinarily automatic extension of time allowed for drawing the funds. Having used less than half of the total, Greece lost a $70 million credit.) It happens that the World Bank loan was one of the first issued under its new president, Tex Thornton’s old breakfast chum Robert McNamara. So this might look like a classic case of friendly persuasion. In fact, however, most observers discount Litton’s role. Ironically it is Litton itself which, rather than issuing demure protestations of innocence, has sought to create the impression-among those who don’t already know better-that it was not only responsible for the loan, but that if the Greek junta wants’ any more loans from the World Bank it will have to go through

the Beverly Hills conglomerate. When you are -marketing a reputation for prowess -and success, Don Juanism can be a valued accusation. Foreign capital, representing foreign confidence, was obviously a high priority for the Greek junta. One full page ad which the junta ran in the New York Times was headed: “Greece: Ideal Country For Investors. ” The ad underscored the stability of the internal political situation as a major encouragement to investment , in contrast to the turbulent days of Greek democracy. This was echoed in a speech two months later by Litton’s Robert Allan. .According to Allan, there were four basic ingredients of national growth in Litton’s view: capital, know-how, incentive and “stability of environment.” As Allan explained, “If a government will restrain itself from outburst which create long pauses among investors, and potential investors . . . .then we have a working partnership. ’ ’ Allan’s speech went on to attack such opponents of the Greek junta as actress Melina Mercouri and former Cabinet Minister Andreas Papandreou, who were described as “an aging actress without a play” and “an agitating professor out of work.” “Their country,” Allan declaimed, “which owes its very existence to soldiers who fought for its survival, they say is now in poor hands because the same men rule it.” (Actually it was the Communist-led guerrillas who liberated Greece in World War II. ) Readers may be wondering if this kind of double-think is reserved by Litton executives for public occasions and formal addresses. Partly to find out, we went down to Beverly Hills to interview Robert Allan, who describes himself as working “for the Greek people.” By the time we spoke to him, several authenticated descriptions of the terror in Greece and the- Torture of political prisoners had already been smuggled out of that country and circulated in the international press. Writing of one of the island prisons five months after the coup, Newsweek observed : “Tradition has i’t that the Emperor Tiberius, one of the cruelest Roman rulers, refused out of simple humanity to imprison any of his subjects on the treeless, waterless Aegean island of Yioura. No such scruples, however, inhibit the present military rulers of Greece who, soon after their coup last April, filled Yioura’s cellblocks and tent camps with 6500 of their fellow citizens.” Alluding to similar reports documenting the torture of Greek prisoners, Allan went into a monologue right out of 1984 : “I satisfied myself that most of these prisoners in Greece are living on an island, the way you ‘and I’d live on Catalina. They’re free to come and go as they wish: A lot of fresh air and a lot of sunshine, but no communication. It isn’t the way that you and I would like to see something done, but they couldn’t stand any more riots. The whole nation was just going into chaos, and this was their way of answering it. I’ve also tried

to my best ability to determine what went on, and,as far as I could determine, there was no more torture or beatings than they would have in a normal police station anywhere in the world.. . .which, Got knows, none of us like, but do go4 on. ” The reason that Litton likes the military junta, as Allan freely admits, is because the junta “‘provided the atmosphere in which things can get done, ” and in particular an atmosphere in which Litton could do them: prior to the coup, the Litton contract had been turned down by several Greek parliaments. The very structure and strategy of Litton as a business enterprise gravitates to ward the military and the state, and toward authoritarian regimes. The Litton-Greece con-

tract has been followed up by parallel schemes for Portugal and Turkey. In conversation, Allan’s thoughts drift toward the dictatorships of Nicaragua, Indonesia and Taiwan, as examples of countries where he’d like to try the “Greek approach.” r

HIS GRAVITATION TOWARD THE STATE is a function of the systems approach, as is the partiT cular preference for the state’s authoritarian forms. The primary features of the systems approach are its dependence on state financing and its need to override the sovereignty of the people. So while one might think that the overall economic development of Crete and the Western Peloponnesus was the proper concern of the people who live in the area and of a representative government of the people, under the Greek-Litton arrangement it is Litton who draws up the overall development plan. “In Greece,” explains Tex Thornton, “our objective is not to single out one economic activity, but to apply the systems approach to building a future for that historic nation.” What specifically did Litton’s space-age systems-oriented management propose ‘for launching Greece out of its morass of poverty and underdevelopment and into the modern era? “Our primary thrust,” Allan explained, “is to’ develop tourism. ” If tourism were indeed a lever of development, rather than one of the chief of economic dependence syndromes and under-development, then the. West Indies, Spain and Greece itself would long ago have become industrial nations. Old-fashioned imperialism begins to look economically progressive compared to what Litton is proposing! The old imperialists at least dug a mine, built a port (financed by the colony’s taxes) and ran a road or a railway from the mine to the port. What Litton has in mind, according to one business magazine, are “hotels . .roads leading to hotels, the airport where hotel guests can land, supplies of food and water, handicraft manufacture for

tourist trading posts, no doubt, recreation facilities,” etc. In other words, a Disneyland economy with an ample supply of colorful locals to service the pavilions and their visitors. Naturally, Litton’s Stouffer Division will supply the ho @Is.

Perhaps the worst aspect of this is thatAllan knows Litton’s plan is a bitter prescription for the Greeks. In person he will admit that it won’t really meet the long-term needs of the Greek economy. But if there is something offensive about the transformation of the crucible of Western civilization into another Honolulu, then again, worse things could happen. “I don’t approve of it, and I hope Greece won’t have it happen,” Allan said, “but gee, Honolulu in ten years has gone from here to here (raising his hand over his head) as far as volume of input is concerned.” Ten days after Washington had resumed delivery of major military equipment to Greece, thus offering its imprimatur for the regime and a new guarantee of its stability, Aristotle Onassis announced his own systems approach: a $400 million investment package (the largest ever made in Greece) in tourist facilities, an airport in Athens, an aluminum processing plant (in conjunction with Reynolds) with a companion thermo-electric power plant, a shipyard, and an oil refinery which, according to initial reports, would be “bound to make more money than all the action in Las Vegas.” So it seems that for all his private plane trips and brussels sprouts, Tex Thornton may have been out-hustled by a local boy. If Onassis has upstaged Litton it is not simply on the basis of national solidarity. The Greek s government finds Onassis important because he deals in the kind of old-line imperial enterprises that are part of the basic economy-he owns one of the world’s great tanker fleets and will soon be producing his own oil. In contrast, Litton’s major thrust is in advanced technologies and knowledge industries geared to markets in highly developed environments. So all it could really attempt in Greece was to exploit the government without exploiting the economy, and there is just not enough loose money around in the country to sustain such an arrangement. The opportunities of underdevelopment were enticing, but Litton was ill-equipped to profit from them. The perfect situation for Litton would be an underdeveloped area with an overdeveloped government which would be less discerning about results than the colonels. An impossible dream? /Not at all. Litton had already found itat home. r 1 HE INPUT-THE RAW MATET

RIAL-that is fed into this machine is people. The output is people. It is the function of this machine to transform these people. ‘-

That is the philosophy of “education” held by John H. Rubel, vice president of Litton’s Economic Development Division, as expressed in a letter to Sargent Shriver. Rubel, formerly assistant secretary of Defense under Robert McNamara, is credited with having convinced Shriver to award Job Corps contracts_. to private enterprise rather than strictly to educational institutions. Of course, it was only fair that Litton should get one of the first contracts: the Parks Job Corps Center in Pleasanton, California. Litton’s predictably titled Educational Systems Division includes many valuable properties, such as the American Book, D. Van Nostrand and Chapman-Reinhold publishing companies. They also serve as program administrators for Oakland Community College in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan. Its most important enterprise, however, is the Parks Center, because the Job Corps is the opening wedge for Litton’s entrance into the potential treasure houses of social welfare and education. Litton’s public relations department celebrates the Parks Job Corps camp as a free enterprise success story. Recently, Parks placed its 500th “graduate” in a job; the center had thus placed more of its graduates than any other Job Corps camp in the country. Of course, the PR men neglect to mention that the number one “employer,” accounting for roughly 40 per cent of Parks’ graduates, is the U.S. military. Litton administrators consider Viet-Narr a highly desirable placement for their predominantly black corpsmen. The waiting room of the placement office, where each graduate of the nine-month course goes to inquire about future employment, is plastered with posters urging, nondenominationally, enlistment in the Army, Navy, Air Force or Marines. A life-size cardboard cutout of a sharp looking black soldier salutes the graduate . as he steps in the door. Piles of brochures invite him to learn “The Secret of Getting Ahead in Today’s Action Army.” And lest the message be forgotten, on the way out a flashing sign reminds him: DESIRABLE LOCATION-YOUR U.S. ARMY-TRAINING GUARANTEED WITH BIG BUSINESS-YOUR CHOICE OF SCHOOLS-STEADY ADVANCEMENT. Of course where enticement fails, there is always induction. Every week an IBM print-out announces the names of those at the Parks Center who have turned eighteen. Each one must then register for the draft with a Litton employee, conveniently certified by the local Hayward board. Upon graduation, Litton notifies the corpsman’s draft board of his new educational achievements. (Litton arranges for the majority of its enrollees at Parks to receive a high school equivalency diploma, which makes those who had been deferred due to low scores on the Army

mental aptitude exam eligible for retesting.) Al Cassell, the head of placement at the Parks Center, explained: “We get draft notices by the hundreds every day. We furnish the draft board with information relative to the training level achieved by the young man.... We take him to Hayward and have him restested . . ..If he passes.. . .the Hayward testing center notifies his local board, and they in turn will usually draft him.” Even if the corpsman does not improve his score on the test, his new high school diploma might well make him eligible for induction. At one time, in a kind of reciprocal trade arrangement, Litton kept a Job Corps recruiter at the frequently embattled Oakland Induction Center in California. Many ineligible draftees, led to believe that they would become qualified for a high paying job in industry, enrolled in the program only to find themselves returned full circle at the end of the course. Two sergeants from Hayward go out to the Parks Job Corps Center every day. No other prospective employers have permanent recruiters there. ERNON ALDEN, PRESIDENT OF OHIO UNIVERSITY, enviI sioned the Job Corps as a place thaf would “offer a new environment where hopes can be lifted and skills developed free from the shackles of oppressive and antagonistic surroundings.” So much for visions. Litton’s Job Corps center, located on an unused Navy base, is surrounded by a barbed wire fence with checkpoints manned by Litton-employed guards. The 2000 corpsmen sleep in open bay Army barracks, wear green uniforms, march to their meals at the mess hall, and are .hauled off to the brig when they misbehave. The young men arriving at Parks are not exactly prepared for such an environment. Most of them have been signed up by the Litton recruiters who are stationed throughout the poverty areas of the nation advertising the wealth of opportunity in California. Since Litton’s ’ contract with the Office of Economic Opportunity ‘( OEO) depends on a sufficient number of enrollees, the recruiters use every possible means to lure them. Of course, they give the standard come-on: training for a good-paying job, the equivalent of a high school diploma, $30 -a-month spending money, a $50-a-month bonus upon-graduation for time completed. and a chance to get away from home. There is also exotic talk of pools and girls, private rooms with TVs-even draft deferments! If getting them there is half the battle for Litton, keeping them there is the other half. When a new enrollee decides that life was better back home, even though home may have been a decaying urban slum, his request to leave is met with hostility by Litton officials. He is (concluded

frida y, february ,

over page)

2 1, 1969 (9:44)

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told that he cannot leave for at least 90 days for any reason other than a death in the immediate family. Moreover, if he wants to quit at any time prior to the end of his nine-month course, he must pay his own way home, often halfway across the country. Those who protest this policy too loudly are “quieted” by muscular counselors or hauled off to the brig. Some become desperate. A psychiatric social worker at Parks reported that he had been assigned to work with a young boy from Dallas, Texas, who had sliced his arm open in an attempt to get out. But even with all of Litton’s tenacity, 55 per cent drop out before the end of the course. Justice at Camp Parks is supposed to be administered by a- Center Review Board (CRB) comprised of corpsmen and Litton people. But by disciplinary counselor Lindsay Johnson’s own admission, the board is his rubber stamp: “I have a good working relationship with the CRB,” he notes. “They do whatever I tell them to.” If the physical surroundings at the Parks Center are grim and the general atmosphere intimidating, the educational operation is laughable. The Basic Education program is intended to bring the corpsman’s reading and arithmetic skills up to a level appropriate to the specific job skills in which he is to be trained. The curriculum materials for the reading course, developed by Litton, are somewhat unusual. The pretest, which determines the student’s reading level before he takes the course, and the posttest, which determines his level upon completion of the course, are identical. In addition, the actual teaching materials used during the course and those used to measure any improvement contain the same text and exercises as do the pretest and post-test. Of course, this setup merely passes off the repeatedly coached memorization of a particular passage as the ability to read. But schemes like this enable Litton to present impressive statistical evidence “documenting” their expertise in educating underprivileged youth-a cruel but profitable joke. When a Parks teacher complained that all the enrollees were only learning how to improve their scores on one particular test, the head of Litton’s curriculum development at Parks replied, “We’re not doing anything here that college fraternities don’t do for their members. ” True enough. Still, no college fraternity has yet been awarded a $25 million government contract to educate ghetto youth.

Aside from such relatively subtle deceptions, there is doubt about the simple ’ veracity of the figures used in the statistics Litton has put out about Parks. According to Professor William Austin, former president of the Parks Federation of Teachers and Counselors, “Public relations officers kept putting out fake figures.. ..One would hear about this number of corpsmen being placed in job positions and this number of corpsmen

798 the Chevron

demonstrating academic success by various grade levels.. .. All of it was nonsense.. . There was so much pressure on supervisors to produce figures that in general people just faked them....Fifty per cent or more of the corpsmen didn’t make it to class . . ..if a corpsman quit after having completed just one module out of 15 in the total training, he would be considered a ‘graduate.’ ” Austin feels that educating the corpsmen is not Litton’s primary concern. “The corpsmen didn’t mean a damn thing,” Austin reported. “There was a lot of very expensive equipment around which nobody had any idea how to use....”

LONG WITH ITS DISPLAY OF EDUCATIONAL INGENUITY in the management of the Job Corps Center, Litton has exhibited those lucrative skills which have made it a leader among defense contractors. It subcontracts to its own divisions as a means of maximizing profits while minimizing service. Litton originally received from OEO a $12.8 million costplus contract with a fixed but redeterminable fee for running the Job Corps Center. It then decided to buy unnecessary textbooks from the American Book Publishing Company, a member of Litton Education1 Systems. A General Accounting Office (GAO) investigation later showed that $337,000 worth of American Book Publishing Company textbooks lines closet shelves at Parks. According to a copyrighted story in the Denver Post, “Among the books it bought for Job Corpsmen, many of whom could barely read, were textbooks on the theory of relativity, the stock market and the slide rule.” Given what is known about Parks, it is not surprising that a great deal of racism is exhibited there. One new employee, upon arriving at the gate, was met by a guard who hailed him with, “So you’re another one coming out here to help these dumb niggers.” But far more unnerving was the surrealistic scene-straight out of Invisible Man-when a Litton executive flew over Parks in his private plane dropping dollar bills to the corpsmen assembled below. Litton officials amused themselves by watching the young men trample each other in a frantic effort to grab the money. A former Litton employee remarked that the object of the “airlift” was to “see how fast the niggers could run.” Litton, in keeping with a gentleman’s agreement with officials of the semi-suburban towns near Camp Parks, has forbidden corpsmen to enter them. Young men from the Parks Center have reported that whenever they ventured into one of the neighboring communities, they were returned to Parks by local police, although they had created no disturbances. Litton’s idea of community relations is to keep the cages locked during the week and to bus the corpsmen on weekends to “hospitality houses” in

the nearby cities of San Francisco and Oakland. According to Professor Austin, living conditions and sanitary facilities at Parks were at times worse than those in the big city ghettos the corpsmen came from. At one point, hygiene conditions in the dormitories were so bad that Austin approached public health people at the University of California to ask what could be done. The answer seemed to be “nothing,” because the center was located on a military base leased to a private company, and no one knew if county health officials had any right to enter the base. F LITTON WAS RUNNING PARKS SO POORLY, why didn’t the government step in and enforce its conI tract? The answer is that I in the spring of 1967, the OEO did try to enforce part of its contract with Litton. The teachers union at Parks had been refused a room Co meet in at the center after working hours, a denial which violated both the National Labor Relations Act and Job Corps bulletin 67-12. Despite the intervention of W. P. Kelly, a director of the Job Corps; Richard Groulx, an executive of the Alameda County Central Labor Council; and several arbitrators from the OEO office in Washington, Litton was able not only to refuse to meet with anyone, but also to fire the president, two vice presidents and the secretary-treasurer of the teachers union for “disloyalty to the company.” The last OEO arbitrator, Hyman Bookbinder, commented to Groulx and union officials that the OEO was unable to enforce the terms of its contract with Litton. During the teachers’ strike at Parks that resulted from Litton’s action, Senators Robert Kennedy, Joseph Clark and George Murphy of the Senate Subcommittee on Employment, Manpower and Poverty, were in San Francisco on a nationwide tour of the Poverty Program. The senators curiously reversed their original plan to visit Parks, and showed no interest in discussing the situation there with Parks teachers and corpsmen. Cynics said it was possibly because Litton was one of the largest contributors to the Democratic Party, of which Kennedy and Clark were members. Companies like Litton are planning to subcontract a city’s complete school system, claiming to be able to meet whatever contractual standards are set more “efficiently” than local school boards could. This will be a tempting offer to the often hard-pressed, bewildered city officials whose school systems have been bogged down by almost total impotence. And for the community, dumping the whole complex educational crisis into the lap of Litton’s “experts“ would seem a blessed relief. UT COMMUNITY EXHAUScl TION WITH social problems is by no means the only thing that I3 D the process of business supplanting government has going for it.

As government social agencies struggle for funds, the Wall Street Journal reports that, “Business is turning into an important force for pushing embattled domestic proposals through Congress.” And an executive of the Department of Housing and Urban Development-whose special advisor, General Bernard Adolph Schriever, is called the “space general” for his role in NASA-is quoted as saying : “Each agency has gradually developed a list of firms interested in its field.. .we don’t keep them turned on all the time, but we know how to turn them on....” Among the businessmen who are throwing their support behind constructive social welfare programs isJames J. Ling, mastermind of Ling-Temco-Vought, which ranks 38th in Fortune magazine’s 1968 listings, six notches ahead of Litton. A recent interview with Ling in the Chicago Tribune indicates the perspective of one of the most important new men of conglomerate power. If and when L-T-V reaches a point where it absorbs the competition or where it is number one on Fortune’s list. reports the Tribune, Ling would be willing to consider a political role for himself. Ling usually votes Republican, though he contributed to the Kennedy, Johnson and Humphrey campaigns and was a delegate to this year’s Democratic convention. He doubts that he had the temperament to obtain elective office, but he might accept a cabinet post, preferably as secretary of Defense or secretary of Health, Education and Welfare. Ling’s ideas on the latter position are described by the Tribune as “interesting. ” And so they are. Says Ling : “Once you make a taxpayer of these hard-core unemplo yables, you’re moving towards a solution. It’s the old Hitler solution. You teach them by force. You make it mandatory and send them to a government compound. Males at twenty-one, females at eighteen. - You teach them personal hygiene, the rudiments of life. It’s no thing new. The New Deal, with its NRA, CCC, etc., made tremendous social reforms. ‘I

One doesn’t know what transpired between the interviewer and the wizard of Dallas at this point; the report continues: “Then again, Ling admits: ‘I can’t buy it, it opposes free will. But if you could only computerize it,’ he sighs. ‘Figure the requirements of industry, how many of this skill and that skill are required, take all the people who want to learn and can’t, seek them out.. . .’ ” Corporations like L-T-V. and Litton lndustries are feeding the whole range of social problems into their computers. Will they be the ones called upon to solve them? It may be that there are just enough people who will take comfort in the idea that however bad things look, Big Brother is already there extending a helping hand.

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At the end of the meeting McLeod gave notice of a motion at the next meeting to open faculty council to all math stu-. dents. He expects it will be passed, several students attended tues-

Math students now have three voting members on math faculty council. But they can be excluded from any meeting by a two-thirds vote. The move was approved tuesday at a poorly-attended meeting of faculty council. Math dean David Sprott moved that the three student observers admitted last december be made full voting members. The amendment to exclude them on a twothirds vote was added and after m a long debate the motion was

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Liberation I

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eration 130, a small office at the University of New Brunswick occupied last fall for 49 days by students protesting the suspension of Dr. Norman Strax, was liberated for five hours monday night. And again, it was cleared of its occupants by city police.

The office, room 130 of the physics building and once Strax’s office, was seized by 11 students at 7:30 pm. They nailed the door shut behind them and said they would stay until the UNB administration accepted three demands set by the Canadian Association of University Teachers last week. At midnight, 20 Fredericton police came to the campus and gave occupiers 15 minutes to

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day’s meeting and no objections were raised. At a january meeting, however, a Chevron reporter was ejected and the student reps walked out in protest.

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leave or face arrest. They left. The CAUT demands, if accepted, would forestall a threatened censure of UNB. They include: due process for Strax, lifting of a court order barring him from the campus and payment by the university of his legal fees incurred fighting the university’s action. The students who occupied monday night said they wanted to ensure that everyone on campus was aware of the CAUT threat. Strax was suspended after leading a campus protest against the use of ID cards at UNB. The students who occupied Liberation 130 for seven weeks in the fall were finally evicted by police and were arrested but charges against them were later dropped. --ts)--r

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He had a conviction-a conviction that God had given him a work to do, and that he must finish that work. He knew that he must, fulfil the very things he taught, and he was certain that his life would be a failure unless he was willing to die for his belief. He believed that God had empowered him to do good to people and so he taught the goodness of God. There was power in his utterance, and a conviction that made the teaching people usually heard pale and lifeless. He gave himself, and the strong, radiant character shone forth in his teaching. He spoke to people of the love of God and the life of His Kingdom, and told them of the demands it made of all those who responded to the call. His hearers must have been elevated far above the constricted limits of their narrow lives, they must had visions of a beauty and a purpose they had never dreamed of, they must have seen something of the men and women it was possible for them to become. And the vision was given reality as they looked up at the face of one whose life was uncompromisingly dedicated to God. And once when he was teaching like this, a man, crazed by the impact of the words, leaped out from the audience screaming, “What do you want with us! Are you here to destroy us!” A deathly silence followed, broken only by the fitful sobs of the exhausted man.. . . demented; it would What could Jesus say ? the man was obviously have been sufficient to bid the demoniac to be quiet, but this man of God wanted to do much more than that. Free him from his diseased mind!-that’s the thing to do. “Come out of him” was the command. Now it would have been very embarrassing if nothing had happened. Jesus would have been a fool if the demoniac was not healed. Yet not for a moment did he doubt that his God would act!. . .and the man was healed. Men who speak and do such things do not go unnoticed. His teaching of the kingdom of God was no less than a bold and uncompromising demand for a complete change and cleansing of the life of our struggling race: an utter cleansing without and within. His stories pictured something irrepresibly on the move, up against incredible odds, but moving on undaunted. Whatever it was Jesus was talking about, it is something big, something dynamic, somthing magnificent. It is an adventure and either you are in it or you are out of it. It is a case of all or nothing. And it is to this all or nothing life that everyone who follows Jesus is called. He had chosen twelve men as companions, and wanted to teach them in quietness. So he took them privately in a boat across the lake to a desert beyond Bethsaida. But the multitude watched the course of the boat and, divining its destination, thousands set out on foot round the northern shore, undertaking a journey of some eight or nine miles, so that they might be with him. The purpose to be with his disciple alone was thwarted. But as he watched the crowds, tired from their long walk, leading their blind, carrying their sick, moving slowly, their faces and their steps turned toward him, he had compassion. Like sheep needing a shepherd. So he forgot himself, and healed and taught once more.

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women, and only five loaves and two fish?? What could he do? He thanked his God for answering his faith. Jesus had said that God was a Father who cared, and here He was, feeding his children in the desert. A feat like this was not done for the spectacular, it sprang out of a need -when people are hungry you feed them. So after he had sent both the crowd and the disciples away, Jesus was faced with a need. He had remained to pray to his Father, but now he must catch up with his disciples. But they had gone in the only boat. To swim after them would be useless, and to walk around would take too long. So he walked out over the lake. Simple as that. Simple? Walk on water! No, it wasn’t simple, it was faith. He would have walked right by the boat if they hadn’t seen him, As said before, he didn’t display his extraordinary power without cause. But the disciples cried out with fear, so he stopped. “Take courage! It is I. Don’t be afraid.” And then a remarkable thing happened. Peter answered him, “Lord, if it’s really you, order me twome out on the water to you.” “Come! ” So Peter got out of the boat and walked on the water and came to Jesus See what happened? The faith of Jesus had been implanted in another man! Peter could do the very thing that Jesus was doing. Alas, Peter had but little faith. He began to sink and Jesus had to save him from his doubt. But for a moment it was there. Peter had been transformed into another person, a person who lived by faith, a person who lived like Jesus. This is conviction’s conquest-when Jesus creates a man like himself.

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As the day wore on, a problem arose. There were well over five thousand people out here in the desert; they had arrived weary early in the day and were now tired, hungry, and miles from home. They had come to be healed, they had come to listen, they had come to believe. They were looking at him, waiting, watching, wanting . . . could he send them away like that ??. ..It had happened before. God had brought a people out into a wilderness before and fed them! Jesus believed that. And he knew

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he revolutionaries today would like us to believe that nothing is good for our chil~ dren. The frightening thing about all this is that it is true. Take, for <example, Lord Baden Powell’s gang the Boy Scouts of the world, a fraternal organization for building men although this task never did seem too difficult to us as they are all boys to begin with. All boys start out as cubs. On the surface what could be more innocent >than sending little Herbie off to the church on the corner in his cute little green uniform. However, the rights and rituals that mommy and daddy are excluded from are enough to upset even Pierre Trudeau’s sense of decency. The first indignity is the Grand Howl. The kids all form a circle and humble themselves to the almighty Akela-usually a rotund middle-aged man with a leering His backgrin and hairy knees. invariably includes boy’s ground club work, spending time as a and other such nebig brother farious, and questionable activities. More often than not he has been cut from the local Kiwanis club for continually suggesting square dancing as after luncheon recreation. all schooled in The boys are Kipling. the folklore of Rudyard They mold their lives after the fashion of a child laboring under delusions that he can talk to animals. To top this off, his penchant for bestiality cannot be overlooked by even the most liberal among us. The boys are taught highly specialized skills useful for survival in ’ today’s world: knot tying, axmanship, and first aid, all of which would be indispensable in case our Indians try to leave the reservation. It always pays to know where you’re at in a tomahawk fight. Barring this eventuality, they can always be sent to Vietnam to build lean-tos and render first aid to the survivors of U.S., village born bings. The elitist system is obvious. By passing a few simple tests each kid receives his first star and is said to have one eye open. And if he is really good and doesn’t see anything with the one eye he wins his second star and finally

has both eyes open and proceeds directly to the nearest brownie. But Herbie our hero, has also been shackled with glaring yellow his stripes which invariably ruin dubious semichances in those dark hiding games. * * * An Akela who wants to avoid connections with the opposite sex at all costs will intercept this intrepid young cub and channe’l his eninto the ultimate fun of eKlY puberty, the Boy Scouts. So Herbie sheds his silly hat and his silly shorts and adorns himself in a mature hat and mature Mature, but still shorts. .silly. The boys cast aside animalistic euphemisms, demote their leaders and substitute the more truly descriptive term scout master. They divide into patrols and submit to the discipline of an appointed patrol leader. The elite are denoted by judicious use of insignia, quite similar to the Ku Klux Klan, the Canadian armed forces and Jolly Jingle men. Uniforms very represenare tive here also. As Herb (no longer Herbie) progresses through the development program, he supposedly improves. Is he rewarded by these changes? No! He is soon tied with a down Bushman’s Thong, a Gold Cord and other ties that ,bind, meant apparently to prepare him for income tax days when he will be taught that it is far too expensive to succeed. * * * Now we come to the crux of the -matter. Upon completion of a mystical investiture, Herbie is officially made a Boy Scout when he is presented with a wooden staff. First we should look at L. B.P.‘s book Rovering to SucFun and cess or (Pimping for Profit) as it is known to the Girl Guides. Here the boy reads that “there are certain parts of your body that a good boy scout does not touch”. Obviously the reference is not to nose picking. The leaders know that if you’re going to keep Herbie satisfied with himself you’re going to have to substitute something. The obvious choice: a wooden staff. Scouts are encouraged to paint and decorate their staffs to denote which particular clique they belong to.

And they do so many interesting things with their sticks : they build stretchers and bridges, engage in friendly combat and make kindling-not to. mention the obvious. Now, actually, this whole problem could be relieved (pardon the pun) if the two movements, boy scouts and girl guides were united to form a group similar in structure to the three Musketeers (all for one, free for all). But now we come to the kicker. To quote the only truly reliable source, the life work of that great poetic genius King James, the Wholey Complete Bible. In his oft-quoted sermon on the mount Jesus Christ was heard to say (as reported in Luke 9:3). “Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor scrip, neither bread neither money”. Anyone knows that when preparing for a Scout camping trip food and money are prime concerns. What is worse, an extra supply of staves (staffs?) is laid on, in order to demonstrate the troop’s proficiency at the afore-mentioned bridge and stretcher building, friendly combat, and various other goody scouty activities. These “trips” are obviously a front for pseudo-military training of Canada’s youngest guerilla force, for any farmer can tell you of deliberate crop destruction, livestock losses, and ’ property damages in fences, sheds and mailboxes. 1 All over the countryside the motto rings in chorus, Young “TAKE-but dent get caught.” What could be in more complete opposition to the teachings of Christ. Here we have on one hand a fun group of boys held together by the fact that they all wear shorts and make fire by rubbing sticks together, led by a group of nice men whose motives are at best questionable. On the other we have a well trained force armed with jacknives and sacrilegious staves (staffs) moving about the countryside in well-coordinated manouvers called hiking. And what about the demoralization of the youngsters? Begging for old newspapers is not what we would call honorable. Powell’s capitalist tendencies really come through on Apple Day. swarms of soon-to-beGreat

diarrhetic boys spread out over the neighborhood selling apples. Before they go, they are thoroughly briefed in the advantages of Infantile Extortion: the best methods of milk the public of all the money they can through the Selling Smile. * * * The problem then, is how we clean up this organization. We could send a group of our RSM members to every scout meeting to explain to the boys what is being done to their minds, but this is a highly impractical suggestion as the RSM may be so impressed by the rigid structures that they may adopt them to save their faltering hold on the campus radicals. Or we could convince the IWW followers that cubs, brownies, scouts and guides are blatant exunionism. The amples of guild Wobblies could bust up the meetthe kids into one ings and join big co-educational hiking union. militant action we For real could send our branch of the I.V.C.F. armed with the knowledge exposed earlier in the article. The campus Christians should see it as their moral duty to society to smash the boy scouts. However all the above suggestions must be ruled out. They are all a form of confrontation and we all know that confrontation at Waterloo is a dead issue. We must gt all cost use proper channels. So, with this in mind we are _ sending the following suggestions to the National Scouting Association office in Ottawa, my member of parliament, and the Pope: A more conscientous effort 1. must be put forth to recruit female leaders. If the Akelas and such are going to have designs on their troops’ little bodies they should be at least semi-respectable. The use of staves (Staffs?) 2. must be abolished. As a more appropriate crutch in the face of moral frustration may I suggest a picture of Pierre Elloit Trudeau be placed inside each and every scout hat. . 3. Finally, proficiency badges 3 for knot trying, first aid, woodmanship and the like should be replaced with skills more appropriate to life today-money lending, general intolerance and specialized subservience. Happy Scouting!

frida y, february

2 I, 1969 (9: 44)

t?U 1 l’a*l

’

i Theater CUDLfestival country’s

by Peter Moore Chevron

staff

Uniwat theater-goers once again proved consistent in their lack of attendance and interest in the realm of culture. This year’s Canadian University Drama League Festival offered some of the best theater to be seen at any level in the country. It is a revelation, no doubt, to announce that the Uniwat entry won the competition, along with the entry from Carleton. The plays presented covered a wide spectrum of social commerit, from the Theater of futility in Samuel Beckett to a classical kaleidescope of human nature in Georg Buckner. Carleton’s winning play, directed by Robert Handforth was the first production of the festival. It was the first part of Jean-Claude Ittalie’s trilogy America Hurrah,

interview.

To quote Walter Massey, “It is a comment; artistic only insofar as how that comment is made, but not necessarily a theatrical play.” However, there is always more than one way to do a play and Handfor th’s imaginative direction and excellent use of the orchestra-

Take Break

offered some best theater

tive technique provided a high degree of theatricality. The University of Victoria then presented an original script, which proved to be a competent effort; ,but a very cliche script. An attempt was made to juxtapose caricature and reality and it didn’t work. However, the student author did present a rather brilliant and frightening idea that assassination is a highly functional thing in that it gives far more pleasure to people than it gives pain. Friday night saw Western present a very original and well done interpretation of Beckett’s Act Without Words, one of the high points in the festival.. It was followed by a well acted and rather classical version of Buckner’s Woyzek. Unfortunately the lack of continuity in the rapid scene changes left the production too confused, when it might otherwise be considered one of the best in the Festival. Uniwat then presented The Love/jest Afternoon of the year and Pat Connor and Paul Frappier proved brilliant and tremendously funny. This winning play seemed a trite script beside interview but the competence of the production made up the difference.

On Saturday night the University of Ottawa presented an original script The Circus, which had it been in competition could have carried off the honours. Everyone on this campus could well afford to see it. The Ryerson entry closed the festival with Chamber Music a good show but very much lacking in depth. Few of the actors were able to present strong characters. The festival was a marked success for the organizers, who were laboring under extreme financial difficulties. It is unfortunate the actors were forced to work with inadequate facilities apart from a lack of audience. The theater lighting was extremely poor. It is possible to light that stage properly, but the creative arts office has yet to permit someone to do it. It is a simple case of resetting present lights. The importance of such festivals to the betterment of Canadian drama cannot be overstated. It is too bad that the mentality of the university and twin cities cannot cope with a bit of culture, and so long as that situation remains we will see little more of such excellence as this festival had to offer.

Well, Valentine’s Day has come and gone. Sob. ly satisfying their mouths? So have I. and I don’t All I got was my Chevron. Sob. Not one of all my know what to say about it. The jock clique has told me they don’t have room “friends“ dared send me one single indication of their normally surging desire. They must have amal- for any books in there, so we should all put on our gamated into the One Big Union, only not with shirts and ties and stop complaining about. tneir Who’d want to go wading in the yours truly this time. N’ery my editor, nor the edi- lousy library. torial board, nor Great Groundsow had the nerve lousy books we’re stuck with in the Dana Porter to suggest any amourizational inclinations to the book center, anyway? Are we all wet? Are we in over our heads? What will our dear federation of one who knows all (me). students do? Will they do anything about the shortI do feel. however, that it would be sacrilegious, for all you sexually excitable young men to send me ages? No. They will give their president a raise and Easter cards. Nor is that time a holiday for pot- buy rocking chairs for the impending long line of presidents as they wither away into the great cloud heads. How could anyone even suggest such things. Even Joanzy wouldn’t think of anything that bad. in the sky. She would only capitalize on the idea afterwards and I would like to take this opportunity to thank all . . . . did I say Capitalize? Oh curse my tongue! How my friends who used me as a write-in candidate in did it slip twixt my liberated lips? the recent elections. I feel, however, that more than two votes are required in order for me to make I hope you’re all sending in just oodles of Time subscription cards complete with the most imaginathe coup a success. Keep up the good work. I am looking forward to the new council so I can tive names you can think of. Like John Buhrgsmah, some more funny material. I can’t laugh at or Che Vron and other occupants of box 252 in the campus center. Lets give all these solicitors some make fun of our federation president for more than ten or twenty weeks anyhow, unless he continues atough competition, girls. We know what our uniwat long his present non-lines. How do leaders lead from men really need, and what they can afford. the middle, anyway? I thought the word, “leader” Have you noticed all the poor perverted people sitting around the campus center sucking pop cans, implied something along the lines of leading. Least that’s what Parson Brown says, and remember he’s sucking milk shake straws, sucking cigarettes, got the inside track. /pipes. mouthing hot dogs, french fries, and general/

at Harvey’s

King & Weber

Then,lreat yourself to a chat with Dr. Howard Petch,Vice President (Academic)

Art

Students

All Arts undergraduates who plan to take either a General or an Honours B.A. at the May, 1969 Convocation should fill out a NOTICE OF INTENTION TO GRADUATE form as soon as possible and deposit the completed form with their departmental office. The forms are available in the departmental offices as well as in the Dean of Arts office and the Registrar’s office and at Renison and St. Jerome’s Colleges. The purpose of the form is to make certain that under the course - system, the list of Arts graduates is complete.

get

Bridge by Wayne Chevron

Smith

experts 1

staff

On january 27. an international fund game was held at bridge clubs throughout North America. The hands for. the game were prey dealt by a computer and played simultaneously at all the clubs playing. The funds raised by this game are used to send teams representing Canada and U.S. to world competition. At the end of the game, a printed sheet of the hands with an analysis was given out to the players. This analysis was prepared by a panel of experts who comment on the bidding and play of each hand. After the game. players compared their results with those of experts to determine where mistakes were made. The following is one of the hands from this game. Dealer North: N-S vulnerable.

802 the Chevron

West S Q.9.7.4 H lo,9 D Q,J,8,2 c 10,5,3

advise North S K,J,10,2 H J,6,3 D5 c AKQ,J,g

for charity

East s A,$$ H K,5,2 D 10,6 c 8,7.6,4,2

South s 5.3 H A.Q.8.7.4

D A,K,9,7,4,3 N E S W 1C P 1D P 1s P 2H P 3C P 3H P 4H P P P Opening lead; 4 of Spades. The following is the analysis offered by the panel of experts. “Most pairs will conduct a sensible action such as above, but a few pairs might climb all the way to slam, which could produce

a very bad or very good score depending on how well declarer guesses the distribution. Actually, the percentage play yields twelve tricks almost automatically, regardless of what North leads. With a spade lead East wins the ten with the Ace of spades and returns a diamond. Declarer enters dummy with a spade to the jack, plays a heart to the queen, and when the nine drops, re-enters dummy with a diamond ruff, discards the losing diamonds on the high black cards, and finally pins the ten of hearts by leading the jack to pick the trump suit up with no losers. ” The next time this type of game is to be held will be on march 21, when the funds raised will be donated to charity. All bridge players are welcome to play duplicate bridge every Tuesday night in the SS lounge for only 75 cents at 7pm sharp.

Specials for Week Beginning Feb. 24 GREEN

HEINZ

GIANT

BEANS

NIBLET CORN

2 12 OZ. WHITE

TINS

39e

5 14 OZ.

SWAN

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$1.00

ASSORTED CANDY

COLORS

2% SIZE

8 ROLLS 88< QNTARIO

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TOP VALU

BATHROOM TISSUE ASSORTED

lN TOMATO

POTATOES

4""" $1.00 iA;: ::~7!b#

E DELIVERY ON RE SHOPPED

UNIVERSITY

o,vies f jUIug.us beyond - --

The

Total

Female

rriEVKACLAUDE Produced and Directed

aat ULTRASCOPE

COLOR

Scott Brady Jim Davis

Daily

from

RINGERCARL

RAD LEY M ETZG ER-

IASTMANCOLOR

ADDED

Animal!

an Amsterdam

Released

MOHNER

Fdm Corporation ProductIon

through

AUDUBON

FILMS’

V\ A

HIT!

I:30

Phone

742-916

SECOND 1 WEEK Continuous

from

1: 33 pm

tough,crispand realis&

The Magus means magician. And like Prosper the magician of William Shakespeare’s Tempest he teaches Caliban a lesson. Except there is a little difference between John Fowles screenplay and Shakespeare’s script. The entire story is seen through the eyes of the pupil, a character we all too easily identify with. Caine himself says : “I am a child of my century. ” And like his confederates he has become immoral, self-centered and slightly villainous:’ in short he is a heel. It is quite evident that Fowles wrote the story as a lesson for the young: the lesson being the great difference between pure love and sexual, physical desire. The self centered, YOUW, in their existentialistic existence refuse, or find it all to difficult, as Urth (Caine) did to comprehend this lesson. They find it impossible to see that there is more to life than simple thrills to turn one on. The story starts with Urth

TECHNICOLOR@

WATERLOO 5th WEEK ,

Evenings

7 & 9:30 - Sat. & Sun Matinees

2 pm

FRIDAY ‘aid SATURDAY

and

audience-

leaving his mate for a job on a beautiful Greek isle. There he meets Consion, a powerful, confusing man who is to become his teacher. At first Consion appears to-be holding Urth in his grasp like the Cyclopes or Mr. Charlie. But by the end, after a number of enriching experiences, Urth realizes, or comes close to realize, that Consion has captured him for a definite, helpful purpose. The entire story seems to appear as a game of chess. Many times the characters take on the appearance of dehumanized machines that play out their part before Urth for some symbolic meaning. And many times the movement of the story confuses the audience. Symbolism runs rampant. A smiling statue represents the cycle found in most literature. A flower incased in glass appears also at the start and finish of the -movie. Only at the end does Urth

grasp know what it means-a renewed, real love between himself and the mate he betrayed. And that glass flower reminds him that there is a meaningful center to all things, like the womb of a mother. I feel defenceless. Much of the symbolism, and much of the movie’s meaning escaped me. Because, like many other movie goers I find I am not as literate as I once thought myself. Many of the audience left the theater with the feeling of confusion and betrayal. Imagine being fooled into seeing this movie, and having it turn out to be something too deep to completely and easily comprehend. It was not just another sex romp. And if I knew the entire meaning of the film I still would not tell it, in order to make it easier for everyone. One must see the movie for oneself to see just how different and difficult it is to use imagination and deductive reasoning.

by Brenda

Wilson

Chevron staff

Che puzzling

Mario Fratti’s play, Che Guevara presented on sunday night in the arts theater may leave you puzzled but certainly not indifferent. The Toronto Workshop pror duction of the revolutionary play never for a moment lets the audience escape the nowness of Fratti’s message. Opening to the frenzied dancing of the revolutionaries, director George Luscombe led his company into the hard driving NOW analogy of the revolution. The musical score was entirely rock, used not only as a filler between scenes but as a dramatic effect in the violent scenes. Some of the music, stolen from the Beatles latest effort was often less than appropriate but the only choice for the dancing exhibited by the guerillas. This part of the play could perhaps have been left out without. damaging’ the remainder too severely but the purpose in the modern choreography was supposedly to keep the today feeling of the revolution.

Horsley

Chevron staff

j-TTheater Fratti’s

ADULT ENTERTAINMENT

by Walter

The sparse use of scenery, realistically portrayed the darkness of the Bolivian jungle. Orange crates, and hanging ropes created an atmosphere which a more elaborate setting could never have done. Complementing the props were the excellent lighting effects throughout the entire play. The actors on several occasions “invaded” the audience creating an even more intimate feeling between the actors and their viewers. At times the performers directly addressed the audience recounting short anecdotes and quotes from famous and infamous people which contributed to the feeling and message of the play. ’ Exactly what the message was is uncertain. Fratti made clear the idea that the revolution was great as well as necessary but failed to denote whether this was his own idea or Guevara’s. He relied on the diary of Guevara for much of his information but the character of Che seems to be completely his own, since inany of the details surrounding Gue-

play vara’s revolutionary activities and more personal thoughts are unknown. ‘Whether Fratti meant, it to happen or not, Che comes off as a somewhat confused character torn between his wish for a normal life with a family and his dedication to freedom and revolution. At times he was a likeable, fatherly man, at other times a proud individual who would tolerate no help from any political faction in his personal revolution. Cedric Smith brought out this confusion quite expertly again whether by accident or design is unknown. There was definitely portrayed a struggle within the man which if nothing else, kept him extremely human. Although performances among the supporting cast were adequate but not outstanding, the play came off well as a group effort, finely coordinated by Luscombe. The. play itself was socially significant and entertaining, the , staging p,rofessional and the acting company competent. It could very ‘well be the best play of the year.

Continuous from ~30 pm

a :j: is about to

For a bullet spent and a dollar earned he was the best in the business! (ADULT ENTERTAINMENT)

MONDAY SUNDAY

only

& TUESDAY

Feb. 24 “GERMAN

SHOW”

- Feb. 23 & 25

James Stewart “Shenandoah” & Dean Martin “Rough coming soon - Kirk Douglas “The Brotherhood”

night in

Jericho”

Fratti’s Che Chevara portrayed

a struggle within the man whichkept friday,

february

Che human.

27, 7969 (9.44)

803

he drawings you see on these pages are the result of a recent student housing study conducted at the University of Toronto which came to the not-toosurprising conclusion that modern students are not happy with accommodation suited more to the living styles of medieval monks than to them. For _ universities, bound by our society’s time-worn and archane philosophy that people must be approved by the granting of degrees, still assume student adolescents require dependency. Specifically, as far as residences are concerned, administrations’ pa tronizing attitude manifests itself. in clinging to uncaring design and _ancient authoritarian symbols such as wardens and dons. Although it was found most students are disenchanted, the most lucid criticism comes minorities, whose consistfrom the “‘radical” ent, unifying demand is for student control over the living and learning environments at university. Studies such as the one presented heredetailed fully in the february issue of Canadian lnteriorsgoes a long way to advocating the type of revitalized, autonomous community have seen as overdue for the that ‘*radicals” last five years. The planning and finance rationale behind the scheme is as follows: a Because of Central Mortgage and Loan re-. payment policies and the limited resources of students; management, operating procedure and material selection for the residence must be carefully decided. * Most students do not want to involve them7 selves in a co-op type of day-to-day responsibility for building operation so a representative policy-making body would have to work with a full- time building “manager”. in an urban area * Proper exploration can often avoid expensive land-even within 10 ;minutes walking distance from the school-

1 BEDROOM1 A

+ 16

804 the Chevron

and if this is the case, savings realized in site acquisition could be reflected in lower capital costs and more durable buildings. * Because variety is highly demanded, all units should be designed for variable densities and a mixture of uses, including_ single students, married, graduate, !undergraduate and racaurry.

* Students’ desire tc3 determine the quality of their own environment could be turned into capital and replacement savings on furniture bank” offered on a by initiating a “furniture rental basis, thus giving each student the option of using his own used or rented furniture. It was found in the study that consideration of these factors resulted in a possible 30% rental savings to students: Further savings would be facilitated by containing all support facilities (including shops) within the building and by utilising CMHS full 50-year mortgage option. So while Uniwat busies itself constructing Habitatan epistle to stereotyped, 7940 residence design -models like this one are going unheeded. How long will it be before either adminr tions come to their senses or* students power to see that proper methods are ob ad?

BEDROON\6

the problem .r

-i I

the answer THE NEW ACCOMMODATION at the Unisity of Toronto will contain a range of units yet not provided by universities-bachelor its, one-bedroom units, two-bedroom, fourdroom, six-bedroom and eight-bedroom its. Each is geared to be self-contained. That it will have washrooms and kitchens in each it, to allow the fullest autonomy of the inidual. Additionally, the density and use can I., FYbr example, the one-bedroom and two-bedbrn units will allow one or more people in ;h type. Men wish to live in a more dense jation, SO a two-bedroom unit might conI six men. Girls, because they are less mo?- within the university, generally spend Ire money on residences and accommodan than men do, so that two girls will proby share a one bedroom apartment. Men and women like living together but y clearly draw the line. They would wish to ! on the same floor but not in the same unit. ?y really wish to have close association and jortunity to meet but not continual intimate rtact. Vlen, then, would like bachelor apartments I the larger units, such as four-bedroom I six-bedroom units. In this facility, the thod of furnishing has been changedâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; from traditional built-in furniture to a furniture sing bank, whereby a variety of furniture y be leased at the discretion of the indivi.II tenant.

For example, it could be anticipated that a single person would not always work in his room but may wish to work at the university and merely use his room for living in and for the storage of books, so that his needs in terms of studying facilities would be quite different to someone who spent all his study time in his aoartment. . The concept of this accommodation has been to provide a new set of opportunities for living styles. The traditional residence fulfills ,a certain need at the university but the social analysis has described a whole range of expectations and desires that have not as yet been fulfilled by university accommodation. The project has been designed for multi-use tenancy and for the specific patterns of students and their living while at university. Additionally, very careful attention has been paid to the rent structure which, because of the limited income of students, must be very low. Consequently, the program has not included areas such as lounges, which would not be used _in any event, nor has it included supervisory personnel. The building is conceived as a facility in which the individual may determine his own life pattern and style. Support facilities provided for services such as shops, restaurants, banks, etc., are open end, dependent upon the possibilities for renting the space. The support space is felt to be self amortizing and self supporting, as is the parking garage.

THE BIGGEST STUDENT HOUSING SURVEY conducted anywhere in Canada proves a radical rethinking of studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; needs in universities is badly needed. The study was commissioned by the. University of Toronto Students Administrative Council in November, 1967. Project coordinator for the students was Gerry McMaster; advising sociologist was David Hunter of the University of Toronto; the architect George Robb. The study began in February, 1968, took nine months, interviewed 3,000 students and cost $15,000. It was a team effort between the social ana,lysts and the architect. The design-programme phase cost $25,000, including the project co-ordination, site analysis and recommendation for assembly which was accepted by both the university and the Department of University Affairs. The following are the salient points that the survey brought out: The first year students generally go to residence because they associate going to university with being â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;in residence. The major problem i9 privacy-acoustics and continual visual contact with other people in the residence, in such places as corridors, group washrooms and common rooms. This leads to a reinforcement of the presence of all the other people in the residence. Students find their private life tends to become public knowledge. Residences form social cliques, as opposed to informal contact. Most students living in a residence feel that the community bonds are irrelevant, including dons. Rooms in the residences are used for all social and studying activities in the building. The lounges, as conceived in most residences, are not used and do not serve the purpose for which they were intended, that is to provide a basis for informal contacts with other people. Informal contacts seem to occur in areas which have a particular use, such as kitchenettes, or informal games rooms. For the average student in residence, most of his friends are also in residence and he is prone to associate with large groups of people on a very non-intimate basis. Students object to regularized dining. They miss on an average seven meals a week for which they pay, being on a 21 -meal-a-week program. Male students are less troubled by living in residence than female students, since they are more able to move around the city and university. Females find difficulty in developing friendships and acquaintances, apart from those immediately available in neighbouring rooms. &lost students move away from residence after one year in them, generally, right off campus. Men move to a single bedroom with kitchen/bathroom shared with other students., The male needs a single bedroom for privacy and entertaining friends, of either sex. Women move to a one bedroom apartment with another girl. Students, in seeking autonomy and independence, are happy with off-campus living, although the physical environment, and its condition, are not as good as in the residences. Off-campus, they do not need common facilities, and are prone to use space much like a normal apartment dweller. Students living off campus have fewer but more in tima te friends.

friday,

february

27, 7969 (9:441

SO5

17:

Female limelight by Donna

sports from

McCollum

Chevron staff

The Waterloo Athenas have defied the Warrior tradition by dominating their league. Frugal budgeting has lead the Athenas to three Ontario-Quebec Women’s Conference of Intercollegiate Athletics championships. The girls have captured the laurels in volleyball, badminton and curl&g and will compete for a fourth championship in basketball this weekend at Carleton. The volleyball Athenas successfully defended their OQWCIA title as they captured the championship trophy for the second consecutive year. The Athenas boasted an undefeated season upon entering the finals as top team in the western division of the league. The University of Montreal was the top contender for the east. The teams representing the east were Montreal, Carleton, Macdonald College and Sir George Williams and the Waterloo team served out defeats to all of them. The matches for the tourney consisted of the best of five 15-point games. The Athenas took all the opposing teams in three games straight except for Carleton who managed to force the Athenas to

a fourth game before giving them the win. Playing well for the Athenas were two returnees from last year, Jan Roorda and Susan Gerth. Roorda has shown herself to be one of the best spikers in the league. Jane Frazer also looked good for the Athenas in her first / year with the team. The v-ball Athenas, will not lose any players through graduation this year and no doubt head coach Pat Davis will have a team of equal or better strength to represent the university next year. The curling Athenas captured the OQWCIA championship hosted by Ryerson at the Terrace Club in Toronto. The Waterloo girls swept for three straight wins in the bonspiel in which teams from Sir George Williams, Carleton, Montreal, Lutheran, Macdonald College, Ryerson and Waterloo competed. An 8-5 win over Lutheran started the team rolling and lead to an easy 16-2 defeat over Macdonald College. This game made the Athenas eligible for the championship final > Carleton University, the 67-68 defending champions, defeated Ryerson to become eligible also for the finals. In this final game, Carleton

Two’girls caught hard at it in friday ‘s tourney.

Intermediate blow b - ball The intermediate volleyball and basketball Athenas travelled to the University of Toronto on the weekend to compete against teams from ‘McGill, Toronto, Western, Macdonald College and Queen’s in a championship tournament. In basketball, the Athenas suffered four losses, two of them by ,only one basket. They managed a 27-21 win over Macdonaid ColI--1ege. In the game against McGill, misentries in the scorebook cost the Athenas two team fouls and both shots were scored. McGill went on to win the game 22-20. The University of Toronto also edged the Athenas by two points in their 19-17 win. The Waterloo team sunk onlv 2 of 21 foul shots attempted andihus gave the game to Toronto. Against Queen’s, both teams were playing their third game of the day and seemed to show their fatigue out on the court. Queen’s took the game 23-15. The team played as a unit against Macdonald as -their plays

806 the Chevron

TODAY

steal men

Athenas tourney began to work and shooting became more accurate. The Athenas were down 12-8 at the half but scored 19 points in the last half for the 27-21 victory. Western effectively used a full court press to down the Athenas 38-20. The London girls went on to win the tournament, winning all five of their games. Waterloo’s Meredith Smye was tied with four other girls as high scorer for the tournament. Miss Smye was the top point-getter in four of her team’s five games, gaining a total of 31 points. . The intermediqte volleyball Athenas played at University of Toronto this weekend and came out with a third place finish behind Toronto and Queen’s. The host team defeated the Waterloo lassies three game to one and Queen’s took their win three games to two. Waterloo’s victory over McGill was in three games straight. This was the first year Waterloo had entered teams in the intermedia te tourney.

had a two point lead about midgame but the Athenas tied them in the seventh end. In the eighth and final end, Waterloo was sitting shot rock with one rock remaining for the Carleton skip. On this I final rock, the Carleton girl came up short and Waterldo gained the point and thus the 5-4 win. The University of Montreal won the consolation round, defeating Ryerson in the final. The Waterloo team, composed of skip Robin Preece, vice-skip Sharon Schollar, second. Norma Dryden and lead Arlene Thomas, had never played a full game together previous to the bonspiel and were self-coached as well. There will be no trophy to display in the recreation centre as the recreation centre as the league has not had one donated yet for curling. The badminton Athenas tied with Sir George Williams University for the league trophy in the tourney at Laurentian University in Sudbury. Teams from Carleton, York, Laurentian, Sir George Williams and Lutheran competed against the Athenas in the tourney. In first singles, Marion Dicken place third as she defeated Carleton, Laurentian and York but lost to Sir George Williams and Lutheran. The second singles entry, Wendy Frazer, lost only to Sir George Williams and placed second in t‘he division. The doubles team of Sue Balch and Rae Nickel cleaned up in their division as they defeated all opponents to prove themselves as the top doubles team. The- match with Lutheran went three games and Waterloo won by a slim 18-17 margin. In overall totals, the Waterloo team tied with Sir George. The Sir George team will keep the trophy until August when it will be on display in the recreation centre. Waterloo Athenas is a J new name and already it means strong competition to the other teams in the league. The Athenas so far have captured three of the six O-Q championships that they enter in the year. It is a shame that Waterloo supporters have had to pay to watch the Warriors lose when they could have seen the Athenas win for free! . . . and to the brave Warriors, the Athenas offer this, their key to success. Substitute oranges for steak dinners, showers for saunas, chartkeepers for CheerleAders, custodians for spectators. . .and only one damn goodcoach per team.

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Skw rookie on staff Wayne Smith, bridge columnist for the Chevron, ,has won the title of rookie-of-the-year bridge player for 1968. This award is presented by the Ontario unit of the Amerithe player who wins the most master points in Ontario tournaments, but who started the year with less thap 20 points. Master points are awarded at all bridge tournaments and club games and is a ranking system used by the ACBL to rank all its members. Smith started the year with only 19.45 MP and won a total of 43.17 MP in the Ontario tournaments.

SERVICE ‘.*

to and from Toronto Airpert i

PHONE 578-0110 AIRPORTPASSENGER CHARTERED

- PARCEL COACH

Lishman, Coat

AIR

EXPRESS

Puckmen by Jim Dunlop Chevron staff

Then,treat yourself to a chat with Dr. Howard Petch,Vice President (Academic) MondaysP-6 p.m. Campus Centre (Pub Area)

Science Society I

The hockey Warriors must be satisfied with second place for another year. The U of T Blues shut the proverbial door on the puckmen’s faces on Wednesday night by defeating them by the decisive score of 4-l before a capacity crowd at Varsity Arena. The game was marked by heavy body contact. The Blues Gord Cunningham severely injured his back when he was knocked heavily into the boards by an unidentified Warrior. He was carried off the ice on a stretcher. The game was a goaltenders battle. Arlon Popky and the Blues

trounced

Adrian Watson repeatedly robbed opposing players with acrobatic saves. Back to back penalties resulted in a two man advantage for Toronto. Passi dug the puck out of the corner and slid it along the ice past a surprised Popky. The defence was nowhere to be seen and Passi scored the easiest goal of the game. The Warriors got their first and only goal of the game when Rudge’s slapshot from about 20 feet out beat Watson cleanly. Roger Kropk and George Swanson earned assists on the play. The next Blues goal came at 11: 31 of the second period. Paul McCann scored on a long screen

shot that was only a few inches of’1 the ice. Once again. Popky didn’t move until the puck was in the net. Steve Monteith and Laurent scored in the third period to clinch the game for the Blues. Toronto deserved to win and unless we can change our style they will probably be Canadian champs. The defense is better then the Blues with players like Cotton. Ouderkerk and McKegney being definite all-star material. Ron Robinson was not dressed and his absense was noticed. Coach Don Hayes had better have his offense jelled by next weekend or the Warriors might not even be in second place in the finals.

SEMI-FOR.MAL

TRE V BENNETT Tonight 9-12 pm

CAESAR’S

FORUM

‘.

SCIENCE/=2 OTHERS/s3

Tickets

COUPLE COUPLE

At The Door

lntramurals crown

---

champs

Several individual champions have been crowned in the past few weeks. The jocks defeated Co-op to win the men’s intramural volleyball title. Paul Dabbs of village east out squashed R. McIntyre from .Renison to win the singles crown in the racket sport. Dabbs combined with Marc Christie to take the doubles championship from McIntyre and Marshall both of Renison. In the broom and stone division of intramural land Eng A’s rink skipped by Al Larson proved to be the best in the house as they defeated Renison in the final. Poor old ‘Renison seems to be the loser of the week. Watch the bulletin boards for up-coming events. The most interesting seems to be the co-ed novelty relay meet on february 26. Each unit is allowed two teams per event.

Track teum on the boards Several good performances were turned in by Waterloo athletes last friday at Maple Leaf Gardens during the several track meets held there. ’ In the afternoon college meet Jack Walter established a school indoor record at six feet even finishing fourth in the high jump. School marks were also set in the 1000 vards by Bruce Walker and by Paul Pearson in the two mile run. Kip Stunner picked up the only gold in winning the mile with a time of 4: 19.5. Uniwat also picked up a fifth and a sixth in the event.

111 LII~: z&?L~I~ events tiord”McLellan equalled the school mark of 5.5 ‘in the 50 yard sprint. Larry Dixon managed to finish fourth in the final. In the evening meet Uniwat’s mile relay team consisting of MC-, Lellan Dixon McFarlane and Jolivet finished fifth in the Canadian Mile relay. Stealing the spotlight from the impressive field of international athletes was former Waterloo student Bob Finlay who lapped the entire field in a brilliant three mile clocking of 13 :22.2 less than nine seconds off the world record. This weekend the Warriors will travel to Y ipsilanti Michigan for a meet hosted by the University of Eastern Michigan.

Rookies

shine

in b-ball win Saturday saw the dribble and shoot Warriors up against the Ottawa braves in an exhibition tilt. The Warriors managed to muster enough power to dump the Ottawa team who had a bad night. The best thing of the night was the performance of. Gary Dyck and Dennis Wing two rookies. After last week’s loss’ to the Toronto Blues the Warriors are out of the money. However. with the showing of Dyck and Wing things look promising for next year. Jean Laaniste the steadiest Warrior all season led the scoring with 19 points. followed by the two rookies with 14 and 16 respectively. The dribble and shoot Warriors’ next go is tomorrow night against the Lutheran hawks here at the recreation center. friday,

Wafer uiater everywhere The splash Athenas finished second in the recent Ontario Quebec women’s college swimming championships held at Windsor. They set two conference records and twelve team records. amassing 82 points with a team of only eight swimmers and one diver. Sue Robertson was the outstanding freestyle swim.mer of the meet finishing second in the 200 yard and third in both the 100 and , 50 freestyle. Jovce Matthison. the team’s best breaststroke swimmer finished second in both her events to the Quebec champion. but set team records in both. Conference records were set by Olenka Gorazdowska. She cleaned up in the backstroke with times of 33.1 seconds in the 50 and 1: 15.1 in the 100. Our diving team of Anne Stiles and Marg Handford finished second and seventh in the overall competition. It is interesting to note that all of the girls on the team placed in the championship finals. It was an encouraging performance for the eight girls who hope that with some extra help next year they could win the overall championship.

CHEVRON

STAFF

Don’t forget Sunday’s editor selection staff meeting starts at 8 pm.

february

Meet in the off ice.

21, 1969 (944)

807

Wht the

would

be the effect if the recommendations Report on taxation were implemented?

Curter

“What would be the effect if the recommendations of the Carter Report on taxation were implemented? The answers are quite straightforward: l We would have in Canada a much fairer tax system than at present based on ability to pay rather than privilege. l Most ofthe present tax-avoidance would be ended and the various tax loopholes eliminated. l Those in our society who have not been carrying their fair share of the tax burden in the past would be made to do so in the future. This would include corporations, especially in the mining petroleum and life insurance industries, and people who make a living from capital gains and stock manipulation, shareholders, especially foreigners. If the Carter

Report

were implemented

HaveSkis, Will Schuss Just you and the sn’ow alld the wind flying by. That’s the s fantastic feel& of skiing. That’s freedom.

There’s another sort of I’reedom that makes skiirlg your sport any day ol’tjlie month, all season. That’s the freedom you get by usingTampax tampons. Internally worn Tampax tampons cari’t ihtcrfcre or cause discoml’ort. No bulky pad to slow you down or show through your stretch pants. IV o disposal problem. No worrjr about where to carry a spare. In fact, it’s sort of like not having auy period at all. Millions of active young women all over the world have used billions of Tampax tampons. Maybe you should fiud out why. Start usitg Tampax tampons this seasou and ski free.

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Chevron

WOMEN

ONLY

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tomor-

FRONTIER

Montreal Instant Theatre

row on the basis of 1964 figures corporation taxes would increase by $532 million a year.

income

Taxes. would go down for most people in Canada, if the Carter Report were implemented. Families with income of less than $5000 a year would have their taxes reduced by an average of 10 percent. Families with incomes between $5000 and $7000 would pay 7 percent less. As for farmers, the best estimates are that their income tax would go down as well. In the area of personal income tax the reductions could be as much as 40 percent with the greatest saving going to the lower income farmer. The Carter Report is nothing short of a taxation manifesto-it should be adopted. If it were, then the ordinary wage and salary earner, together with the small farmer, would be better off. l

from Canada Labor

COLLEGE

presents THE HAWK “A tone poem on the horror, sorrow, and futiljtY of war.” by Don Dorrance THE RECLUSE “an avant-garde horror story”, by Paul Foster,, THE WANDERING FROM PARADISE

STUDENT by Hans Sachs

Friday, February 21,8: 30 p.m. Admission $2.50 Students $1.50 THEATRE OF THE ARTS Telephone orders - 7446111, ext. 2126

NEEDS Labourer

- Teachers

Mav to September 1969 to work in mines logging camps, construction crews and railway gangs and to teach English, mathematics and other subjects.

LIBRARY Libraries

I-Books

HOURS

The strength of the university, by Claude T. Bissell, University of Toronto Press 1968,251 pages.

will be open as follows:

Arts Library: Sunday Saturday

1 p.m. - Friday 12 midnight 9a.m. - 12 midnight

E.M.S. Library: Sunday 10 a.m. - Friday 12 midnight Saturday 9 a.m. - 12 midnight

Circulation services from time of opening until 12 midnight each day of the week in both libraries.

Claude Bissell is an articulate Canadian university president. A selection of his addresses has been compiled for presentation in book form. It is fortunate that such a book has been published in Canada, for a Canadian audience, about a subject of current interest, Canadian universities. Hopefully, this book can be a source for useful background information and supplant the frequent superficial treatment in the various news media. It is suggested this book could make a valuahl~ rnntrihntinn

-by Mary

R ivard,

Chevron staff

in generating discussions, about the problems of higher education on this campus. It is the students who gain or lose, if the structure of a university is sound or weak. Bissell has much to say about the role of the students in the structure of the university. Does the vision of University of Waterloo students’ coincide with that of Bissell? Will students “no longer be satisfied with special favors and special treatment, even with enlightened paternalism?” Will they “speak with moral energy and brutal frankness”? Will they be heard? The university library has received much criticism recently, and it has become the new focal

point in discussing the quality of education at the University of Waterloo. In his chapter ‘University libraries in the new intellectual environment’, Bissell stated the library’s case very well in two sentences. “The demands on libraries will be unremitting. but there can be no retirement from the field. The university that does so may find that it has lost entitlement to its proud name.” ‘These words could be prophecy for the University of Waterloo’s future. Recommended reading for all students, administrators, faculty and staff at the University of Waterloo.

TONY’S

GARAGE

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concert

The University of Western Ontario has its very own, full-fledged music department, and naturally we expected the calibre“of their orchestra and their conductor to be at least semi-professional sounding at the concert here a week ago sunday. . Most of the students, probably all, are music majors and have individual instruction plus ample rehearsal time. However, the Impresario Overture by Cimarosa, although technically alright, lacked the excitement expected of an overture. The big letdown was their next number, Beethoven’s 1st Symphony, coincidentally the same one that our Little Symphony performed in november. Again, although’ they played their notes correctly, I would venture to say that ourorchestra surpassed theirs in its interpret.ation. The orchestra lacked the ‘:oomf” that Beethoven deserves; to watch the conductor one would not have known that there were any dynamic changes at all. His interests obviously extended no further than the string sectionno one else was cued. (He is a string player himself). Zt sounded as if they were -playing with as much feeling as they would play a scale exercise. let’s give credit However, where credit #is due. The Spring concerto from Vivaldi’s Four Seasons was extremely well done: (This is,as concerto’for violin and

CHEVRON s

)

complacent / strings). The soloist, Fujiko Imajishi (who graduated from the same school as Seiji Ozawa), did a marvelous job, ‘with the strings doing WATERkID SQUARE - Phone 14301651f fine back up work; with the exception of the concertmaster who lacked the initiative required of 70% DISCOUNT TO STUDENTS his job. Miss Imajishi has excellent stage presence, quality of tone, _ and technique, appearing to be the only really outstanding player of the orchestra., The two contemporary pieces, -Liceiced Mechanics part 3 of Divertimento for Orm complete repairs for all makes of automobiles chestra by Violet Archer, and Prairie Night and Celebration “Bear’: front -and alignment experts by Aaron Copeland were well -Towing Service played, and these, along with Opera@ by Corner’King & Breithaupt Sibelius’ Finlandia, _ displayed Johri S<huller 743-5841 their good brass section (especially 1st horn), .although the young lady on first trumpei (rumor has it that she is playing in the N.Y.O. this year) was a little too lady-like in the double. forte passages. The fact that that tympani player, who generally was good, reached his climax and finished a bar before everyone else can be attrlbuted to ‘(as he told me later) i SUPER SHEtL service \ lack of a cue from the conductor. On the whole, the concert was enjoyable, and the musicians competent although too complacent. I What seems to be missing is a Come In Soon string group. Perhaps with different leadership their symph- 1 One of Our SUPERMEN WI kerve You. any could make better I _use of its potentials.

DoesYour

)

DONUTS

VARIETIES

C&r Need Something Supe.r?

Don’t forget sundiy’s editor selection - ing stqts at 8 pm. Meet in the office.

staff

meetI

THIS

’ 22

IS AN

810 the Chevron

ORIENTATION

MEETING.

FILL

IT.

MONDAY

‘FEB.

24.

SOGIAL

ASPECTS

7:30.

EDUCATIONAL

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9:O0.

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you are a college graduate eager for rapid personal growth with unsurpassed advancement op-portunities, we suggest you consider our organization-a career with us will open many doors. Anthony “Greasy Tony” Mattusio, a 24-year-old student at the Canadian School of Embalming, had been thinking of joining a funeral home on graduation-until he met a Mafia personnel executive. That was three years ago. Today Tony is a successful middle management hood-a man who is convinced that crime can offer more to the college graduate than any other field. At first Tony worried that crime had more than its share of hang-ups. As he put it: “I thought the average big time criminal was just another organization man slaving from 9 to 5 shuffling papers around on a big oak desk. It seemed like such a mundane existence.” But Tony dropped into some of the shadier bars in town and talked with a few of our boys, who cleared up many of his misconceptions. “They helped me realize that crime wasn’t really such a corporate drag after all. It provides a socially acceptable release for one’s frustrated lioidinal urges and confers a certain status within a small but elite reference group,” says Tony. Tony still had his doubts, but a. life of crime began to appeal to his aggressive, authoritarian, mesomorphic personalitv. After an aptitude test to determine suitable antisocial tendencies, and a series of furtive interviews. Tony was invited to join the Cosa Nostra team. He immediately embarked on a vigorous 21 -month training and development

program including formal classroom instruction in the philosophy of intimidation, the art of the hard-sell and successful tax evasion. On-the-job training gave him a firm basis in police manipulation and creative homicide. And from the day he was sworn in with the brotherhood Tony received an assured income plus the opportunity for vast additional earnings. Management with the mob involves a genuinely inventive approach to varied and often complex problems that will challenge resourcefulness to the utmost. Our business has been remarkably free from cyclical trends and our continued growth reflects how effectively we have penetrated our market. “Regardless of crime’s effect on the public, but it has done for me,” says Tony. Our phenomenally expanding business combined with rapid turnover in personnel has created many higher echelon openings. We are now looking for vigorous self-starters at all degree levels. If you thrive on hard work, relish a competitive atmosphere and enjoy asserting your dominance, we would like our recruiter to speak to you. There are a number of openings right now in several fields, including marketing, control, finance and public relations. How many international concerns really care about the individual anymore? We do. We’ve been known to travel half way around the globe to kiss one of our brothers goodbye. Think about us. We’re thinking about you.

friday,

february

27,

7969 (9:44)

811

RESTAURANT Rd Homecooking Homebaking DAILY SPECIAL approx.

-Opposite

the

Odeon theatre-Open

daily

-a-

John

Bergsma

takes

time

out

from

his heavy

schedule

to discuss

problems

facing

him,

TONIGHT

Bergsma

Does by Jim Dunlop Chevron staff

What has politics done to John Bergsma! When he first entered the offices of the president in november he was full of desire and hope. His mind was full of ideas that he thought would work. But things are different now. I interviewed him the day after the election results became known. At that time he said, “I wouldn’t have cried if I had lost.” Bergsma went on and talked about the troubles that he had encountered up to now.

The split in council has caused him great concern. This came about because of the two different slates which ran against each other in the previous election. On one side were the radicals, led by ex-president Brian Iler. On the other were the responsible students, led by Bergsma, Bergsma expressed a belief that the radicals were trying to hinder his government. It should be noted his inexperience was another of his stumbling blocks. He became trapped by this lack of experience on various occasions. Bergsma noted that this year he was going to try and institute reforms in council. He said he was appalled at the lack of respect that certain council members have exhibited on different occasions. He gave as an example the disrespect ex-president Hagey has received from these members. Another sore point for Bergsma has been his cabinet. He asked former board chairman Jim Keron and Geoff Roulet to serve with him on the executive. Both were Iler supporters and both refused. Because of this he called upon people who later proved to be unable to do their job.

Disappointed _

in student

reaction

At this point Bergsma commented on the apathy exhibited by the majority of students on campus. “I’ve been disappointed in the support we’ve been given,” he stated. “We need people to work for more than the one or two hours that they are giving us now.” He added,” “ people must become more interested if we are to accomplish anything worthwhile. ” Bergsma said he will try to have informal discussion periods with any interested students in an attempt to break up this disinterest in student affairs. It is interesting to note that this has become a standard try at alleviating the problem but it still remains.

Does job?

Bergsma

still

want

the

Throughout the interview Bergsma gave me the impression that he really didn’t want the job. I asked him why he ran this time. “When I was nominated I knew I would have to run in january if I was elected in november,” he said.

812 the Chevron

still

care?

MONTREAL INSTANT THEATRE

He felt he owed this much to those people who nominated him. There had been rumors to the effect that he had asked his vicepresident, Dieter Haag, to run in his place. Bergsma said yes, he had asked Haag to run but it was not an attempt to shirk responsibility. He wanted the best man to run and he felt that Haag was the one best qualified to do so. Haag led an invqlved political life in Germany where he first attended university. Bergsma stated Haag turned him .down, yet Haag can’t remember whether or not Bergsma actually asked him. He said that to his knowledge Bergsma never asked him directly. This spring Bergsma is scheduled to. graduate. At present he is filing for job interviews. I asked him if there was any chance he would resign his post to get a decent paying job. He is recently married and has a baby girl. The federation pays the president $3150, which will be increased to $4420. The answer was a strong no. He still feels it is his responsibility to carry on. Another reason for hanging on is that he thinks he has been assured a good paying job when he is finished here.

“The Hawk” by Don Dorrance “The Recluse” by Paul Foster “The Wandering Student from Paradise” by Hans Sachs Theater of the Arts - 8:30 pm Admission ’ Students $1.50 $2.50

On the same ballot that he won on, CUS was kicked out of Waterloo by the slim margin of 17 votes. Bergsma is sorry that the school is out of the union. “It will take hard work to find viable alternatives,” now that we have no part in any form of national student union. “The results are indicative that CUS had merits but they also show many people could find faults with the organization.” “However we will always be interested in any progress that CUS can make.” Point of interest: Bergsma took no stand on CUS before the election but is willing to talk about it now.

6:30 & 9:00 p.m. AL116 Series Tickets on sale at Theater Box Office ext 2126

Plans

for

the

upcoming

*FEBRUARY

FESTIVAL OF MUSE Sat. 8:00 p.m.-U. pf W. chorus and Dance Club Sun. 3:00 p.m.-Stage Band Sun. 8:OO p.m.-Little Symphony Orchestra Musical Director - Alfred Kunz Admission Free SUNDAY,

Another problem Bergsma must handle is who to fill his cabinet with. He is aware that all of the experienced people who have helped him are graduating. Names like King, Pike and Givens can no longer be called on for support. As mentioned previously, some others have flatly refused him before, and its safe to say they will again. This leaves Bergsma with one man, Haag. He has said that Haag will be back if he is re-elected. It will really be hard for him to build up a competent cabinet around him. Bergsma is known to rely on his close advisors. Yet he still continues to be optimistic about the future. However that air of true confidence is missing. He isn’t the same as he was last november.

FEBRUARY23

INTERNATIONAL FILM SERIES “The Fiances“

TUESDAY,

NOON

FEBRUARY

DRAMA

“The Proposal” by Chekhov Directed Watkin Theater of the Arts 12: 15 pm FREE THURSDAY,

FEBRUARY

by Ron

FILM

year

Plans for next year include a strong board of education. Through the board Bergsma hopes to implement his decentralization policy. This has been one of his major campaign planks in both elections. The idea behind this is to shift the power from the federation to the students. This will be done by making the societies stronger.

22 and 23

“A Place to Stand” 12: 15 p.m. AL113 FREE FRIDAY,

FEBRUARY

METROPOLITAN OPERA STUDIO ENSEMBLE. A program of Shakespeare in Opera and song, including the final duet from “The Taming of the Shrew,” a duet from “Romeo & Juliet.” Where the Bee sucks from “The Tempest,” Blow, Blow Thou Winter Wind from “As You Like It.” Excerpts from Westside Story and Kiss me Kate. \ Theater of the Arts, 8:30 p.m. Admission $2.50 Students $1.50

by Dave Book

ach year Frontier College sends one hundred university students and graduates to work as laborers by day and teachers by night at remote locations in northern Canada. Volunteers’ students are the workers and his duties go beyond teaching to include the distribution of magazines, .organization of sports and film programs and, when requested, personal counselling. “We look for young men with the ability to lead, to get along with people and to stick it out alone,” says Ian Morrison, Supervisor of Instructors. “Of course they must be physically fit, and-a man must have a degree of imagination so he can adapt to local situations and see what is needed. “The curriculum is in his head. Basic English and maths are the most important subjects because 43 percent of the adult Canadian ,population has not even elementary school, may find he’s asked to

discuss anything from sex education to lab& economics.” In 1968, Uniwat’s Dave Book and Jim Drury were two of the instructors dispatched by Frontier College. After a five day orientation period in Toronto, Dave was assigned to a railway gang in Saskatchewan. He worked on the gang swinging a hammer and shovel and at night ran teaching programs and recreational activities. The average duration of a man’s stay in camp was two to three weeks and the teaching difficulties were compounded by long hours. ’ One student persevered through the summer, learning how to read and write and for two weeks enrollment reached seven with the addition of six immigrants to the gang. Library service was provided and sports and film programs organized. Most nights after work the instructor became a focal point for

the efforts of the instructor tolxrar classroom education were thwart-

& Jim Drury

bull sessions which discussed music, law, police, love, religion, chemistry, physics, immigration, integration (the gang was usually about 50 percent Canadian Indian), marriage and a wide selection of other topics. Rather than come to class, the men would gather in the instructor’s car to borrow books, have letters written and play or listen to his guitar. In this situation

METROPOLITAN

Math

WHEN:

March

Society

Elections

STUDIO

HC3036

WHERE:

7 7, 1969

Nominations

Feb. 24 i 5 pm March

WHY:

It’s your money

I President 4 Reg. Math Reps. 3 Co-op Math Reps.

HOW II 7 7 I 7 I

Vice-President (fri,m above) SecretaryTreasurer Social Director Publicity Director Athletic Director Math Medium Director

ENSEMBLE

in Song

Includes Final duet from The Taming of The Shrew Duet from Romeo and Juliet Where the Bee Sucks from The Tempest Blow, Blow Thou Winter Wind from As You Like It and Excerpts from Westside Story and Kiss Me Kate FRIDAY, Admission

for:

OPERA

Shakespeare Opera And

WHAT;

Apply

Jim worked in a construction camp on the Nelson River in Northern Manitoba. He ran classes in English, French and Spanish and found that the response was so great (a total of ninety students) that he was forced to recruit assistant inst.ructors in the camp. Although he was intellectually convinced of the value of the laboring part of the job, Jim became emotionally convinced by a statement which came from a Portuguese labourer. The labourer interrupted a lesson on English verbs and announced. “In Portugal. student is snoot: in Canada, student is work. Good.” That man would not have attended classes run by an office worker. Instructors may be sent anywhere in Canada to work in construction camps, railway gangs, logging camps and mines. Their Campus is Canada, and the challenge everyone’s.

Open

FEBRUARY $2.50,

Theatre of the Art’s Telephone Box Office

Students U niversi 744-6111

~30 $1.50

p.m. .

ty of Waterloo Ext. 2126

SALEI m

@DOLLAR

Buy one dress and get one for one dollar. Bring a friend! Remember too We still have our clearance sale prices so come on down and save on the latest fashions. -

llipop bout :i iIfq ue “Offering

the Unusua

FREDERICK STREET KITCHENER, ONTARiO friday,

february

21, 1969 (9:44)

578-32

873

Address

letters to Feedback, The Chevron, U of W. Be . The Chevron reserves the right to shorten letters Those typed (double-spaced) get priority. Sign it - name, course, year, telephone. For legal reasons unsigned letters cannot be published. A pseudonym will be printed if you have a good reason.

fee(jbackconr

Destruction foltows from occupation

In every field of study there are micro and macro aspects each with its own strength and relevance, and meaningful comparisons often show fundamental similarities. The following are a few random samples of real life events of the past which will require some thought, and in the end, the object of this little game of thought will become apparent. In july 1099 some people called crusaders destroyed some property called Jerusalem, and then occupied it, there were. no prior dialogs and negotiations. Many of the participators verbalized on the nobility of cause. In december 1670 a company of men under one called Morgan destroyed much of the Old City of Panama. No negotiation, and purpose of occupation did not imply longevity. In 1940 property of Britain bombed; 1943 property of Germany bombed. Prior to these there had been negotiations through the proper channels, but despair that right was tottering, led to thoughts that the destruction of property and eventual occupation might prove useful. Dialog and negotiations; the proper channels: no avail and february 11, 1848 the people of Bavaria storm and occupy the house of Lola Montez. In what is mainly an occupation issue, january saw the bombing of Lebanese property. February 11, 1969 property at Sir George Williams University was destroyed. Preceding this action were negotiations, hope, despair, occupation, hope, despair, followed by something that is readily descriptible by psychologists. And is normal fare to the historian among his books. In -short there seems to be historical precedent for each individual action, emotion and thought, in the february 11 affair, and precedent for their aggregate combination. For the second phase of this game, reflect now on the implications made in the article on page 5 of friday’s Chevron. Briefly they are: blacks are unpredictable, * they, are different, they need a special evaluation not given to others (especially so that the administration could deal with them) and dialog and compromise are tactics of whites. The end of this game is your decision whatever it may be. MARCIA HAROLD geography 3 Rotate some

RSM will

lectures attend

I have become increasingly depressed at the Radical Student Movement’s (RSM) scheduling of Wernick’s lectures. Why must all of them be at the same time? I happen to teach a course from 7-9: 30 pm every Wednesday. As a number of you know very well, I have been trying very hard, for some time now, to establish some sort of dialog between students and faculty, and RSM has been delaying on this matter. Does it not also make sense to assume that I might be quite interested in attending some of the special lectures RSM sponsors, whether I agree with the point of view represented or not, and that I would be equally willing to contribute what comments I might consider to lx rclcvant?

874 the Chevron

But RSM insists on making it impossible for people with schedule clashes to hear their lectures-surely it would be simple to rotate the days on which they are given-as we do in the case of the English 360 drama symposia, which have been held on monday evening, tuesday evening, and the next time will be conducted on a thursday evening, so that all interested students can at least attend one or two. You may depend upon it that I would have tried to talk to Mr. Wernick. ( Mrs. ) ROTA LISTER English dept. July, spear, sheep sheds

a deterimental attitude, then the second may well be an oppositional response. If the result of such interplay should lead to broken lives and tangled wreckage of things then I mourn only for the former. Acts of destruction by any student should be tried by law. It is to be hoped that trial and judgement will not be supremely influenced by $2 million worth of things but by morals, ethics and the world of ideas. Acts of menta1 and spiritual destruction should also be tried. MARCIA HAROLD geography3

yesI

A HARVEY’S

Property offenses deny university

Thinks back page similar to FASS religious farce

you couldback page facing the criticizing drawn beChrist and INKSTER math 3

West Indian cuts faculty for bad generalizations

should access

iTHE

ISA

MEAL

IN ITSELF

QCTOPU

I II I *

Tired of cooking at home? Want a really different meal? Try our European style open faced sandwiches; YOU choose the meat and we’1 t prepare it for you. Delicatessen meats of ail kinds. Take your pick, Take

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7 am - 8 pm Tuesday

We, the undersigned students of ”1 the University of Waterloo, wish to formally and publicy denounce the actions of those involved in the vandalism at Sir George Williams University, Montreal. While we defend the right to audibly protest adverse moral, ethical and practical issues, we do not at any time condone such flagrant disrespect of public property. We demand that convicted students of such offences be denied the privilege of returning to any Canadian institution of learning on the grounds that they are incapable of mature conduct. ROBERT E. BAKER BERNIE HARTERY

95 King “The

Octopus

thru

Sunday

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[~I~Bll~i~Ir~~8

XKEMS? it the exotic

Plum Tree Too Gift boutique 18 Albert

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or the small

humanists for abuse

shoppe

4 Erb St. East.

We the undersigned feel that the notice carried on the last page of the Chevron ( friday, 14 february 1969) is in poor taste and we have taken offence. AFpersions cast upon religion and the flagrant abuse of our savior can only lead us to question the essential motivation of the Chevron. This is just another example of the inhumanity shown by those who claim to be advancing the causes of humanity. We shall accept your apology. BOB HARTLEY N. VUKELICH FRANK MELLOR JIM O’MAHONY C.E.R. ROBERTSON G. LHUR PAUL LEBLANC SUSAN STANSELL DAVE McCARVILLE M. L. VOISIN

be of your kind‘? DOMINIC MASTRANGELO electrical 3A

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Self-professed expect apology

West Indians exaggerate, they are expansive, they USC obscenity, they are different. (Chevron feb 14.) I have never heard such balderdash in my life! And this was offered to a communications media by a Sir George Williams Faculty Association executive member, as a reason for not taking the demands of West Indian students seriously! Frankly I find such generalizations to be dangerously careless in view of their inaccuracy; for And another rational this model of inaccuracy will response generally be brought to bear on reasoned any relationship between the two parties. I must say I really enjoyed the humor contained in the last page West Indian students are strong of last week’s Chevron. It was believers in dialog and are given After all this “man”, to seeking the clarification of choice. events that puzzle them. If in the Jesus Christ, is an enemy of the state and should be ridiculed as event of questioning something, much as possible. they are treated to a rational, sincere, and equal discussion, Yeah! He should be made G amiability and agreement will cartoon caricature just as the last usually ensue. page of the Chevron achieved in West Indians are not given to doing. However, did it ever occur to YOU that some of your readers quibbling; if one questions somemay be Christians who regard thing it is because he sincerely the new Testament as a holy thinks he has a right and a right reason for doing so and expects to book and not a book of fables? be dealt with openly and demoBy the way. I know who the cratically. authorities. are, but who are the people or so-called respectable Such generalizations on the part of faculty only lead to mis- , citizens that took action toward the inflicting of scars to this understanding and sometimes tragic results. If faculty has a man’s hands and feet? Could they socially conditioned attitude then the student will give his socially conditioned response : if the first is

HAMBURGER

Open

~ImMimIEmImmI~llslmRIE~

Forget your proletarian dress for a few hours, my studious comrades, and show your true bourgeoisie colors as we enjoy a game of bridge (bridge: the opiate of university students-Sandy MacGregor). After all, even the fabled wolf in sheep’s clothing must be a wolf once in a while, especially when he has no intention of being a sheep permanentIy. Perhaps I’m being too, too petty. I might also be slightly drunk. KEITH ORGAN . iiY% 1

It is unfortuante that n’t print last week’s creation on the page review of FASS ‘69 the “clumsy parallel tween followers of modern hippies.” DOUG

?n We’re

PARR &VVALLER SHOES

Address

Federation

of Students

University

’

ons unsigned letters cannot be published. A pseudonym will be printed if you have a good reason.

of Waterloo

of the Federation of Students, University of Waterloo, a corporation under the laws of the Province of Ontario, to be held Monday, March 3, 1969 at 8:00 p.m. in room -201 of the Engineering Lecture Building. .

OF THE MEETING

Appointment of directors, section 3 of by-law 1.

Motion: That by-law 10, section 27, paragraph 2, which now reads: “A student of the University of Waterloo, who for reasons of conscience, does not wish to be a member of the Federation of Students, University of Waterloo, may signify this in writing to the Board of Directors and shall cease to be a member of the Federation of Students, University of Waterloo upon receipt of this notice by the Board of Directors” be amended by deleting the words “for reasons of conscience.”

in accordance

with

Motion: That by-law 2 (Board of Publications), section 1 l,B be amended by deleting “a. the co-ordinator of anti-calendars” and “b. the co-ordinator of photography” and renumbering “c” and “d” as “a” and “b” respectively.

-4.

Motion: That by-law 9, section V, be amended by deleting “E Co-ordinators a. To be responsible for the administration of projects and function which involve a number of ,groups and/or publications or which are considered to be of a temporary nature.”

Motion: Whereas provisions governing proper notice of general meetings exist in by-law 13; Be it resolved that by-law 1 be amended by deleting section 36 “Notice” which now reads: Whenever under the provisions of the By-laws of the Corporation, notice is required to be given, such notice may be given either personally or telegraphed or by depositing same in a post office or a public letter-box, in a prepaid, sealed wrapper addressed to the director, officer or member at his or their address as the same appears on the books of the Corporation. A notice or other document so sent by , post shall be held to be sent at the time when the same was deposited in a post office or public letter-box as aforesaid, or if telegraphed’ shall be held to be sent when the same was handed to the telegraph company or its messenger. For the purpose of sending any notice, the address of the_member, director or officer shall be his last address as recorded on the books of the Corporation.

The agenda for the Annual to these items of business, tice has been given.

Meeting for which

and that they (the parents) have been treated in the most humiliating manner by the police. I wish to protest strongly about Maximum security by the the way the physed department special security riot squad rings handled the sale of tickets for the the court house, and the students Toronto and Warriors hockey have now been moved into a penigame on 19th february. tentiary. Very cleverly the McGill There was no announcement administration announced on the through wall posters or the Chevsame day of the Sir George action. ron as to when they would be on the firing of marxist lecturer Stan sale and the first many people Gray. Meanwhile the Sir George knew about them was when, on administration announced that enquiry, they were informed that the accused racist Perry Anderthey had been sold out. son has been re-enstated and the To whom, I wonder? How many student newspaper (which supwere sold outside the physed deported the take-over of the compartment or a few people “in the puter center ), the Georgian has know? ” No matter how many, or been suspended. how few tickets were available, We disagree with the final action everyone who wanted one should of the Sir George militants. but have had an equal chance of buywe wish to generate a wider uning one. derstanding why things happened VICTOR GALLANT the way they did, what are the grad planning concrete issues and what is the relevant critique-to be made. The Computer lovers idea is to have support petitions ignore people which attempt to re-focus the issue as it should be. ’ This is a hurried note on what is happening in the wake of the Those who decry violence today events in the last few days. You in Montreal most loudly are cannot imagine the hysteria that the greatest spokesmen for state gripes the city of Montreal. The and official violence. mass media have whipped up pubWe must indicate in our support lic opinion in an unprecedented action that our society is numb to fashion-moment by moment radthe violence upheld in property, io and TV (especially private), and profit and privilege. Because all the press report their lamentagenuine emotions tend to be maniptions on the loss of property in ulated in our society for selfish and the form of the Sir George computcommercial ends, it is easy to ers in a shockingly hyprocritical overlook the extent of official manner. violence imposed on the exploited, Just a few minutes ago a CBC the hungry, the racial discrimreporter was interviewing two inated, the poor, the war ravaged. Sir George administrators about The institutional violence that ‘their 303. and their 409’ as if these were napalmed children in Vietundermines our respect for human life and dignity has to be singled nam. Public attitudes are not even out on such occasions and a crias refined’ as those after Watts tique of the structures and workor other ghetto riots. ing assumptions of our society has All attention is focused on the student violence and hardly anyto be made indicating that these are neither as moral nor as pracone is talking about the issues or about the role of provocation of the tical as people assume. It seems to us, then, that we need to face administration and faculty. There up to the implications of instituis no attempt being made to undertional violence in a far more meanstand the situation. While comingful way then simply allowing mentators work up hatred for the popular mind to be stampedstudent radicalism, over the loss of property no one has mentioned ed against all student radicalism. the $8000 bill in liquor and food Our task is to analyze, expose, consumed by the administrators repudiate and take direct action during the 13 day occupation at against the violent institutions the Mont-Royal hotel as they were that poison our society at home working out a compromise. and find their natural extension The liberals and reactionaries and intensification abroad. have joined hands in this city in DIMITRIOS ROUSSOPOULOS the same way as they did after Montreal such events as the murder of Martin Luther King-grotesque, selfrighteous, sanctimonious revellry. John got his raise, The most vulgar racism has can he solve, this come to the surface, on the buses, OK-so I tried to get a book from in the subways, posters at Sir the library and they didn’t have George calling for “Kill the niga single one of the 18 on my list, “Gas them and hang ger”, Profs had three or four, nearly them”, references in the press to ten were out and even the library “foreigners”, ‘ ‘draft-dodgers and didn’t know where the rest were. deserters”. The hysteria is not only against So I’m ready to do something, the Sir George action, but against and if all the proper channels fail student radicalism in general. I’m willing to do something outThe tide is overwhelming. Axe1 side them. Springer would be proud of the But I voted for Jo_hn Bergsma mass media. and would like to see him solve this 97 militants were arrested. 49 one? Can someone tell me why ~whites and 41 blacks, (from recouncil adjourned at the last meetports inside the jail, we have been ing after giving John a raise but told that black boys and girls have before discussing the library? been separated from the whites), BRUCE CANOON seven juveniles including frencharts 2 Canadian supporters. In an unpreWhere dre the ads? Who got the tickets?

ANNUAL ME-ETING

BUSINESS

letters to Feedback, The Chevron, U of W. Be The Chevron reserves the right to shorten let-

is restricted proper no-

John Bergsma President Federation of Students University of Waterloo

cedented move, no bail has been granted to anyone, 363 charges were laid, with sentences pending from five years to life imprisonment. We have reports from parents today that their sons and daughters were beaten in the cells,

Made positive for integrated

proposals stiidies

In friday’s Chevron you report that, when desirable changes in education on january

many authorities and mentioned Rochdale as a possible model. but that I “did not propose any details for such a college here”. If you had read the two short briefs I submitted to the dean of arts. first in outline. then as you would not have presented. reduced my ideas to this utter blank. My proposal is positive. It is positive in precisely the sense that we require an open educational situation in which we can allow ideas and courses to emerge from people’s natural interests. I shall be glad to provide you with a copy of the two short talks I contributed. on january 28 and on january 30. Furthermore. since then I have given to the dean of arts a detailed proposal for an admissions procedure to the college of integrated studies. (MRS. ) ROTA LISTER. English dep t

Mob Will

that &i/led kill today’s

A lot of students wouldn’t get the point of your back page, but I think I did. I hope the radicals are just as willing to die for mankind as Christ because the mob that killed him will still kill today. And, just as the mob that killed Christ contained representatives of the established religions of Rome so the mob that kills todays radicals will include socalled pious Christians. If you don’t believe it you should hear the reactions that back page got from some who would like to believe Christ wore a shirt and tie and ran a million dollar company. MARY BOWMAN university staff Maclean’s declaims: aren’t dead yet

That was an interesting piece about Maclean’s in your january 17 issue which has just reached me. Interesting, but.wildly wrong. It echoes other bits of misinformation from various journalistic sources. What interests me is that none of these journalists has troubled to ask Maclean’s for the facts. may I give you some? Maclean’s circulation is in the neighborhood of 750,000, an increase of 200,000 in the last four years. Its advertising revenue last year was more than $3,200,000. the highest ever, and the first four months of this year show a gain of 30 percent over last year. For 1969 as a whole, it is anticipated the magazine will make a profit. If these are indications of imminent demise, they are not so recognized by anyone here. Maclean’s is here to stay. BORDEN SPEARS editor 7

Letters

course,

year

friday,

should

The

on page 12. discussing methods of 30, I quoted

Christ radicals

necessary

Chevron publication

and

signed-name, telephone.

and

supplementary

Please

short

Information for

comply. cannot of all

legal

reasons.

Otherwise the guarantee letters.

I february

21, 1969 (9-M)

815 27

What Cathy

you do to protect

QW computer? Chris Swan

Dino Paevelich

sci 2

math 3

Deport all the niggers.

You mean we’ve got a computer, too.

Monisey

York University

Program ouch.

tiould arts 1

it to say

Nonny

Beckerman math 2A

Replace it with a giant abacus.

Jim Insell

Rob Roden

eng 2A

associate director computer center

Tau! Tau! Tau!

Rely on the responsibility of the students.

Furnrshed

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POLITICAL SSc

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evenings

LUXURIES-Most families could afford houses today if they would deny themselves other expensive luxuries, says John A. Lauer, president of the K-W Real Estate Board. These include boats, color television sets, two cars, a cottage at Port Elgin and trips around the world. What’s really amazing, says Mr. Lauer, is that most people complain bitterly about having to pay 9% percent interest on house mortgages and say nothing about the 12 to 14 percent interest on car loans.

lounge,

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you. In another staggering profiteering scandal a few years ago, involving $350,000.000 in civil sutis, An open letter to the good, upseven electrical company execuright citizens who are blowing tives did spend all of 30 days in their tops over. the computerjail-about what a student demonwrecking students at Sir George strator would get for obstructing Williams University : a policeman. Now, there’s blind Dear Moms and Dads: A while justice for you. back I wrote an account of how the But for the 93 computer-smashFlorida adults were out to get their ing students, you cry. 14 years in young people-as demonstrated by jail-the . maximum-is none too a series of hostile acts culminating good. After all. they attacked that in a proposed state law to have holiest of holies-property; i.e.. every teenager finger-printed. the computer. When the industriaNow, judging from similarlylists indulge in price-fixing. the growing adult hostility here, culonly ones hurt are people. minating in the howl of outrage What example have you set for over the Sir George Williams the students at Sir George Wilincident, it seems clear that Canaliams, to teach them the law is not dians, too, are out to get their to be bent whenever they choose? What makes a supposedly exemyoung. Good citizens, for you to lecplary bunch of young people *‘go ture us about lawlessness is the wrong? ’ ’ Outside agitators, you most unbelievable sort of hypothunder, I suggest they didn’t need crisy. It has often been suggested to look outside. not with the exthere is one law for the rich and ample of the seven jailed electrical another for the poor; there is obcompany executives-all of them viously one for the old and another described by character witnesses for the young as well. as “exemplary citizens,” noted Every day the hoary fathers of for their charity work. big business, government and the How do you choose your great legal establishment itself, commit moral issues, my revered elders? or permit the most flagrant possiDo you ignore them if they inble abuses of the law, without volve your contemporaries? Is ever raising the puritanical fury it a question of being too overawed you’ve unleashed at the students. to yell when a huge corporation Take those recent revelations of is involved? price-fixing by American drug Or is it just that it’s so much companies. Two weeks ago, five easier to get all indignant and U.S. firms offered to make a settleupright over that old, favorite ment in a price-fixing case that scapegoat-the reckless, ruthless has been dragging on for 11 years young? now. Some of you are fond of softenThe drug was produced for 1.6 ing the anti-youth criticism by cents per capsule and sold for 51 pointing out that “bad egg” stucents ; finally after all those dent leaders are an unrepresenyears of ring-around-the-rosy in tative minority of youth. Unforthe courts, the firms have offered tunately, the same doesn’t seem to pay $120,000,000 in some 100 to be true for your bad eggs. : They’re civil suits. fairly evenly distribuAt that, it’s only a fraction of the ted in all the most important profits they have made from the levels of your society-and you, overpriced drugs. But in this by turning a blind eye to them, case and countless others like it, become accessories to their lawwe have heard no yowls of inlessness. dignation from you, oh dear, upAnd now, at the trial of the right elders. The viciousness of Sir George Williams students, making money from illness, at young Canada will sample your the expense of countless sick justice. We have a pretty good persons, many of whom may have idea what to expect. Recently, the gone without the drug because young editor of a hippie newsthey couldn’t afford it or else sufpaper in Vancouver was punished fered heavy financial loss in payby the law for describing a maging for it-the ethics here, and the istrate as “Pontius Pilate.” toll in human suffering, don’t Last friday this newspaper ran seem to have disturbed your sanca column about the Sir George timonious lethargy one whit!. students, with the headline, Our We noticed no loud demands for Hitler Youth. Want to take bets the arrest of the erring drug comthe courts won’t punish anybody pany executives. Not that the for that tasteless-and possibly really big spoilers always escape slanderous-piece of descripthe heavy hand of the law, mind tion? by John

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The demands of the students won wide public sympathy; they were liberal, and even mild: dropping the charges against three black students ( for allegedly coercing the viceprincipal to sign an admission that he had made a certain statement) ; rejection of the old hearing committee (which was accepted as inadequate by most parties-a demand even the Montreal Star admitted in an editorial was reasonable) ; no reprisals against the occupants; and consideration for academic time lost. These were anything but unreasonable. The students had no power. The administration had the police it could call anytime. The students therefore, created the only power they could. They kept the computer hostage for two weeks and warned that it would be destroyed if the administration used force. There is something sick about an administration that played its

of view card, knowing full well the students had only one card to play. And everybody loses over the composition of a committee. Watts blew up over the arrest of one youth by one Los Angeles patrolman. Newark over a similar episode. Also Detroit. The events cannot be deduced from the apparent causes. There are deeper sicknesses within. -editorial

excerpts the McGill

from Daily

The whole fuss blew up out of a complaint by a few students that they had been given C. grades when they wanted higher grades. It happened that they were dark-skinned, so they screamed “racial discrimination.” It is every bit as likely that they were graded C. because that is what they deserved. There is no divine law that says every black-skinned student is an automatic A. -editorial excerpt from the Kitchener- Waterloo Record

._-

As/ a result of the increasing division of work in modern technological society there is a strong

tendency to create a typeof university

professor,

a narrow expert, interested only in promoting . and positive knowledge in a specialized field. ’ convening

by Mihailo

Markovic

By now it has already become quite clear, at least to some writers, artists, philosophers and scientists, that, while increasing power, material wealth and organiza tion of social life, while creating new historical possibilities of liberating and humanizing social relationships, the material form of the positive science industry has neglected many essential human needs and has extended the possibilities of manipulatiori of human individuals. The universal penetration of technology into all forms of social life has been followed by the penetration of routine, uniformity and utilitarianism. Inevitably, it has stunted human spontaneity, naturalness, and authenticity. Growth of material wealth has not made man happier; data on suicide, alcoholism, mental illness, juvenile delinquency, etc. indicate a positive correlation between the degree of technological development and social pathological phenomena. Obviously, positive science and technology triggered unforeseen and uncontrollable social processes. The scientist who does not care about the broader social context of his inquiry loses every control over the product of his work. The history of the creation and use of nuclear weapons constitutes a drastic example. The greatest and ablest scientists of the twentieth century, headed by Einstein, Fermi, Szilard, Openheimer and others, discovered the method for producing the most destructive weapon which has ever existed on earth; this discovery was alienated the very momI ent it was made. Another example of the abuse of science can be found in ideological propaganda. The most effective and therefore most dangerous propaganda is not one which is based on untruths and is therefore in obvious conflict with science, but one which, in order to rationalize and justify the interests of privileged social groups, uses partial truths established by science. Science is helpless against such abuses if it is atomized, unintegrated, disinterested in the problems of wholes, and neutral with regard to such general human values as freedom, social justice, the development of human solidarity, the abolition of alienation, etc.

Feelings

are discarded

However, the most influential philosophy in contemporary science is positivism, according to which the sole function of science is to describe and explain what there is and, if at least some laws are knotin, to extrapolate what there might probably be. All evaluation in terms of needs, feelings, moral standards, etc. is considered basically irrational and should, it is argued, be discarded. According to this conception the analysis and determination of goals, ideals and criteria for evaluation fall outside the scope of science. The whole of science becomes concentrated on the investigation of the most adequate means for achieving the ends which have been laid down by others. There is obviously a vast difference 30

8 78 .the Chevrc, ,

between the positivism of an expert who escapes into narrow forms of his discipline because he is indifferent toward all social goals or because he rejects the official system of values of the society to which he belongs, and, on the other hand, the positivism of an “engaged” scientist who is ready to serve the leading social forces, to receive his tasks from them, and to leave to them the whole problem of the determination of the social value-orientation of his work. However, there is something common in the attitudes of (1) an indifferent petty bourgeois who sells his knowledge as a commodity to the most favourable buyer, (2) a sceptical rebel who deals with “pure”, ideologically-neutral science because “nothing else makes any sense”, and (3) a loyal expert of the government or the Party who conceives his work only as an instrument of politics. What is common to these different types of scientists is that each one of them makes efforts to create the most rational means and each one of them fails to consider, as a function of science, inquiry into the rationality and humanity of the goals.

Conservafive

of planning within the global community. the social consequences of automation. etc. What can be reasonabl>doubted is whether such consideration of broade1 theoretical questions can possibly be introduced into the natural sciences GUI-ricula. And yet, the history of natural sciences is a history of struggle for rationality and objectivity. for freedom and independence of thought. against

blind faith and dogmatism, against theological and ideological myths, against subordination to any external authority.

Social

-from Punch

science

By its indifference toward goals, by its value-neutrality, science leads merely to the growth of power, to the ever more efficient control of natural and social processes within the framework of the existing historical structure. So behind this apparent absence of any value-orientation one discovers clearly a conservative orientation. Even passive resistance to the reduction of science to a mere servant of ideology and politics is acceptable to the ruling elites, because pure, positive, disintegrated knowledge can always be interpreted and used in a profitable way, with the society finally losing its critical selfconsciousness. In fact, true intellectuals in the field of science do have a critical regard for existing world realities. They are very concerned about the way the products of their mind will be interpreted and practically applied. That is why all leading physicists of our century, Einstein, Bohr, Planck, Heisenberg, Schrudinger, Born, De Broglie and others, were also philosophers and humanists. Many of them- and their pupils took an active part in the struggle against nazism and against abuse of the achievements of nuclear science. There is no doubt that the fundamental assumptions and values of each individual scientist are influenced by his adherence to a given nation and the way in which- he has been educated within a particular tradition and in a particular social climate. However, truth is universal; science is a universal human product, and is being given a sense of direction by a universal humanist tradition. A true scientist will tend to speak as Man and will tend to rise above limitations of nation, race, class or religion. In addition to their responsibilities as scientists, university professors have a special responsibility as educators of those who will educate coming generations of young people. Experts who are only able to convey in-

formation may become redundant in the not too distant future; they can be effectively replaced by teaching machines. On the other hand, students will always need living contact with a scientist who can put a piece of information into a broader context and explain its deeper meaning. They will always need the presence of a professor, a genuine intellectual, with a broad scientific culture, who can not only teach them the technical skills of scientific research but who in addition can help them to penetrate into the fundamentals of the scientific method and to realize the general cultural and ethical values implicit in science as %a specific sphere of social consciousness.

Experts

or intellectuals

In this respect it is rather easy to distinguish between pure experts and genuine intellectuals. An expert remains at the level of partial knowledge, at the level of correct application of a given body of positive knowledge and a given method of enquiry to the solution of a specific problem. In short, he remains at the level of technics. A genuine, creative intellectual in the field of science critically examines and further develops its very theoretical foundations; he establishes important connections and generalizations; he creates new forms and new systems; he discovers the full meaning of scientific results by incorporating them into the broader cultural and philosophical contexts of his time. It is not too difficult to realize how this can be done in the social sciences and humanities. A good professor of economics will certainly pay attention to such crucial- issues as the nature and forms of alienation of labour, the fetishism of commodities, the notion of economic rationality, the philosophical assumptions of various conceptions of technological progress, the merits and difficulties

questions

raised

Philosophical assumptions with far reaching cultural and social consequences are involved in quantum theory, the theory of relativity, the theory of evolution, the theory of heredity, of cybernetics and of psychoanalysis. Discovery of new sources of energy immediately leads to the problem of international control of their use, inchiding even the problem of creating a world government. Discovery of new exact methods of management (operations research) raises the,. question: how can we create big technological systems without an undesirable strengthening of bureaucratic and technocratic forces within the society? The problem of biological adaptability of the human organism to his surroundings inevitably leads to critical analysis of social surroundings in a mbdern industrial society. Space programs in the most developed countries surely give rise to a dilemma : is it more rational to conquer outer space or hunger and misery on earth? Even the most abstract and exact science, mathematics, involves in all its branches a general problem which indirectly has enormous bearing on human life, i.e., the problem of the formalization of human thinking, the liberation of man from all routine intellectual operations and, eventually, the substitution of automatic devices for human agents. Such developments would obviously require drastic changes in social organization. These illustrations clearly indicate that the problems of the natural and social sciences tend to fuse with every effort of reflection about the meaning of scientific discoveries and the consequences of their application. They also show how this kind of reflection naturally leads to a critical examination of present day society and to the projection of possibilities open for the future. In order to awaken the intellectual curiosity of his students and to broaden their spiritual horizons, a good university professor must influence <hem to ask ndt only how, but also why and to what purpose. A Mihailo Markovic teaches at the Academy of Arts and Science in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, where he is currently head of the department of philosophy and sociology. This paper was presented at the twelfth international seminar, “University Today”, held in Dubrovnik, July, 1967.

Everybody It’s a great group of people who will try to stab a person in the back, but haven’t the guts to confront him openly. But not unsurprisingly, many of Uniwat’s own faculty and administration fall into that very cate_gory. They would love to stab Bill Lobban in the back using the Chevron as their knife. Ever since Lobban left his defences down by threatening to sue the Chevron for libel over an issue that not only wasn’t libelous but was true (his constant interference with the security department) ,Chevron editors and reporters have be,enbeseiged by administrators and faculty (especially senior faculty) with tales about Bill Lobban they think we should print. They will even go so far as to suggest tactics and strategies for getting rid of Lobban. Naturally, though, they never want their names associated with the articles when printed. If any of these highly-motivated bumbling, dirty but somewhat cute and funny old man.

vs. Lobban Left alone, Adlington could probably make it through, but he is quick to follow any kind of leadership. It seems clear Lobban is playing leader. Acting president Howard Petch has so many bureaucratic problems to solve it seems doubtful he will ever get around to this one unless pushed. But he must be pushed, for the Lobban-Adlington group is the place where all the monies that should be spent on books and professors is really going. The gray suit functionaries will also be more willing to pay moriey for gadgets like garbage-removal trucks that show paper savings over a twenty-year life than on library books that show no fiscal return whatsoever. Maybe the answer lies in placing a professor or student at the head of all departments as a sort of minister with the/-present heads acting as deputy ministers. Whatever is finally done, though, PPandP would be a good place to start the change. It needs it most. And the sooner, the better.

But with good reason Bill Lobbari has apparently detided not to proceed with his libel suit against the Chevron. His reasons are quite obvious. Not only does he know there is every likelihood the Chevron could Prove its claim that he interferes in-the operation of the security department, but he also is afraid to have PPandP’s files opened in court and its reporting procedures questioned publicly. For Al Romenco is not the only person reporting to operations vicepresident Al Adlington who has complained about Lobban’s constant interference. In fact the most cursory investigation of the operations function in the university immediately raises the question-who is in control, Lobban or Adlington? Lobban is a hard-driving empire builder who, for reasons that seem no more complicated than simple aggrandizement of power, wants to control the entire nonacademic area of the administration. And Adlington is almost exactly like his self-portrait in FASS-a

men really cared about inefficiency and waste, they could long ago have brought their complaints to the committees to which they are so fond of referring student complaints. But that would be breaking the unwritten code, honor among thieves, and all that. For in reality they are all usually almost as bad as Lobban and similarly dedicated to the construction of their own little empires. In fact, -their biggest reason for wanting to see Lobban shot at is to enable them to grab some of the tremendous share of the pie PP andP now controls. Unfortunately it is true that the operation of PPandP is indeed hindering the students’ academic priorities on campus and will eventually have to be exposed and cleaned up. But it is similarly true that the other personal empires that impede responsible operation on campus will also have to be destroved.

skies of Israel

Fly the ftiendly

Library

action needed

4.2 percent doesn’t sound like much of a figure. But When”you’re talking about the university’s budget and trying to find money to buy books, it means a lot of well-stocked shelves. 4.2 percent of the budget is the increase needed, to bring library spending up to an acceptable 10percent. It’s not necessary to study a set of charts to know that Uniwat’s libraries are in bad shape. Any trip to the book racks will more than prove that at least eighty percent of what you want just isn’t there. And the charts make it clear why. Waterloo is close to $60 under the average Ontario library per-student expenditure of $215 a year. Yet compared to the older institutions with well-stocked libraries, we ihould be spending more, not less. And there doesn’t seem to be any change in sight, either. -.*_-Student council complained about the situation loud arid clear two and three years ago and were rewarded for their troubles

with promises and a few committee seats. As federation representative Ron Trbovitch recently reported to the Radical Student Movement and student council, student and faculty representation on the advisory committee has produced absolutely nothing. Yet neither council nor the RSM seems ready to take any breathtaking action. Council in fact considers the matter of such a high priority that at their last meeting they had to adjourn for lack of quorum before the library question even came up for discussion. RSM is being more sensitive to the needs of the students, but at present ‘is very busy with its educational program. To date they have discussed the problem in committee, appointed a member: to prepare in-depth studies, and heard a number of reports on the problem but o~llyrecently started to contemplate possible action. It looks as though the student body in general must do its own pushing if it wants any action on this issue. Council is in the dark and RSM will need large-scale support.

Canadian

University Press member, Underground Press Syndicate associate member, Liberation News Service subscriber. the Chevron is published every friday by the publications board of the Federation of Students’tinc), University of Waterloo. Content is independent of the publications board, the student council and the university administration. Offices in the campus center, phone (519) 744-8111, local 3443 (news and sports), 3444 (ads), 3445 (editor), direct night-’ 11,200 copies line 744-0111, telex 0295-748. publications board chairm’an: Gerry Wootton

editor&chief: Stewart Saxe managing editor: Bob Verdun news editor: Ken Fraser photo editor: Gary Robins features editor: Alex Smith editorial associate: Steve Ireland Everybody’s staqing home this weekend to pick which lucky individual gets to put in 50 hours more a week than the federation president next year. Staff this issue: Jim Bowman, circulation manager; Roddie Hickman, entertainment coordinator; Ross Taylor, sports coordinator; Bill Brown Lorna Eaton, Jim Dunlop, Richard Nancarrow, Brian van Rooyen, Anne Banks, Al Lukachko, Jim Allen, Tom Ashman, Martin Ahrens, Walter Horsley, Brenda Wilson, Hilary Dawkins, M&-y Rivard, Wayne Smith, Peter Moore, Nivek Nosretep, Maudie Silcox, Donna McCoIlum, Pete Miller, RAC Smythe (who sends formletters), Jim Detenbeck, Greg Wormald, Phil Elsworthy, John Pickles, Dave Bull, Wayne Bradley, Dave Thompson, Richard Lloyd, Matti Nieminen, Pete Wilkinson, Carol Jones, Fred who’s just a grenade-throw from marslandengineering, where’s Knowlton Collister, and congrats to the engineers for maintaining’waterloo’s radical traditions at Montreal-only are they representative?

friday,

february

21, 1969 (9:44)

819

’

NOT INTEGRATION

from

820 the Chevron

a Company

of Young

Canadians

poster